【备课参考】（人教版）高中英语选修8课件：Unit 1 A land of diversity 名词性从句（共29张PPT）
文档属性
| 名称 | 【备课参考】（人教版）高中英语选修8课件：Unit 1 A land of diversity 名词性从句（共29张PPT） |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 156.9KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2015-08-01 07:30:30 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
课件29张PPT。名词性从句的功能 功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合
句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、
同位语、介词宾语等, 因此根据
它在句中不同的语法功能, 名词性
从句又可分为四类。名词性从句表语从句
宾语从句
主语从句
同位语从句引导名词性从句的连接词 1. 连接词 that, whether, if (不充当从句
的任何成分)
2. 连接代词: what, whatever, who,
whoever, whom,whose, which (不仅起到
连接一个句子的作用, 同时也是从句
的一个组成部分)
3. 连接副词: when, where, how, why 引导名词性从句不可省略的连词引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
介词后的连词 Subject clause (主语从句)主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，
通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式
主语 it 代替, 而本身放在句子末尾。 1. 主语从句可放句首, 此时连接词 that 一般
不省略。主语从句也可用于It is …that…
句型。Whether引导主语从句意为“是否”，
这时通常不用 if。That we need more equipment is
obvious.
or: It is obvious that we need more
equipment.
2. It 用作形式主语的句子常出现于下列句型中： 1) It is +adj.+that…(eg. natural/strange etc.)
2) It is + n. (eg. a shame/pity, no wonder, a fact)
+that…
3) It is+said/reported/known/believed/
thought/proved+that…
4) It seems/appears that…似乎……
It happens that…碰巧……
It occurs to sb that…发生……不好的事情1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于句首。
2) It is said /reported that …结构中
的主语从句不可提前。例如：
That President Jiang will visit our
school next week is said. (wrong)3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况3) It happens that…, It occurs to sb. that…
结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
That he failed in the examination occurred
to him. (wrong)
4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …
结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如:
Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t
matter. (wrong)5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时, 主语 从句不可提前。例如：Is that it will rain in the evening likely?
(wrong) Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? (right)名词性从句的主谓一致主语是名词性从句, 动词通常用单数形式。
e.g. What I am most interested in is American
movies．我最感兴趣的是美国电影。但在下面的句子中谓语动词要用复数形式，
因为主语从句中的动词是复数, 所以主语
从句应当作复数看待。例如： Who are going to attend the meeting have
been decided by the manager．Object clause (宾语从句)在一个句子中, 不是由一个词组, 而是由一个
句子充当的宾语, 这个句子叫做宾语从句。其
作用相当于一个名词词组。
引导宾语从句的连接词：
连词: whether, if, that
连接代词: who, whom, whose, what, which, etc.
连接副词: when, where, why, how, etc.1. 作动词的宾语
She did not know what had happened.
动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句
e.g. She told me that she would accept my
invitation. 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句， 通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。2. 作介词的宾语 e.g. Our success depends upon how well we can
cooperate with one another. 3. 作形容词的宾语
e.g. I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake. that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语： anxious, certain, convinced, determined, glad,
proud, surprised, worried, sorry, ashamed,
disappointed, annoyed, pleased, satisfied,
content 等。4. It 可以作为形式宾语make, think, consider, feel, findIt 不仅可以作为形式主语, 还可以作为形式
宾语而真正的宾语 that 从句则放在句尾, 特
别是在带复合宾语的句子中。 e.g. We heard it that she would get married
next month.5. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词 这类动词有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force,
dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后
可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用
that引导的宾语从句。
e.g. I admire their winning the match. (right) I admire that they won the match. (wrong)6. 有些动词不可用于“动词＋间接宾语＋that
从句”结构中, 常见的有envy, order, accuse,
refuse, impress, forgive, blame, advise, 等。如： He impressed the manager as an honest man.
(right) He impressed the manager that he was an
honest man. (wrong)宾语从句须注意1) 由疑问词引导的宾语从句中, 词序按陈述句
顺序排列。
2) whether, if 引导宾语从句都意为 “是否”,
但介词后用whether引导, whether …or not。
3) 如主句是过去时时, 从句的谓语动词表示
进行的动作应用过去进行时, 表示将要发生
的动作应用过去将来时, 表示完成的动作时，
应用过去完成时。…, does it?They don’t believe I am right. …, do they?4) 否定的转移 若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose,
believe, expect, fancy, guess, 等, 其后的宾语
从句若含有否定意义, 一般要把否定词转移到
主句谓语上, 从句谓语用肯定式。
e.g. I don’t think this dress fits you well. e.g. I suggested (that) he (should) take a good rest.
Do you advise where she go for a trip in China?5) 表示“建议”或“命令”的词有: suggest, propose,
insist, desire, demand, request, order, command,
ask, advise等，它们的宾语从句用虚拟语气, 结构
为: ~ +(that)+主语+(should) do (should 可省)。6) would rather do A than do B would rather…did…(虚拟语气)e.g. I would rather walk than take a bus.
我宁愿你告诉我真相。
I’d rather you told me the truth.what与that 在引导主语从句, 宾语从句和表语
从句时的区别
what 引导主语从句和宾语从句时在从句中充当
句子成分, 如主语、宾语、表语, 而that 则不然。
e.g. 1) ______ you said yesterday is right.
2) ______ she is still alive is a consolation.
3) I can’t imagine ________ it used to be.
4) She called to me _______ she would come here
at six. WhatThatwhat(that)2. 在that引导的表语从句中, that不能用which来替换。1. 表语从句可以用that, why, where, when, how,
whether, what, who, which等词引导。3. 如果引出表语从句的名词是一些表示“建议”或者
是“命令”之类的词如advice, suggestion, proposal,
order, plan, idea等, 那么从句中的动词通常用
should +动词原形。The Predicative Clause 表语从句My suggestion is that we all ____________
(take) an active part in the coming sports meet.His proposal was that the work
_________________ (finish) in five hours.should be finishedshould take同位语从句通常来说明前面的名词的具体内容, 作这些名词
的同位语。前面的名词常是: fact, news, idea,
hope, wish, promise, truth, reason, suggestion,
thought, question, doubt, conclusion, belief,
fear, order, possibility, word(“消息”, 为不可数
名词, 前面不加定冠词)。when, where, why, how
既能引导定语从句, 也能引导同位语从句, 但其
前面没有含义相应的名词, 并且when, where, why,
how 不能改为“介词＋which”。同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，即说
明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句与前面的
名词是修饰与被修饰关系，即限定它前面的
名词范围，或补充一些情况。如：
The?news?that?I?have?passed?the?exam?is?true．
(同位语从句,即从句所表达的意思就是前面
名词的内容)?
The?news?that?he?told?me?just?now?is?true．
(定语从句,从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用,
即“他告诉我的”那个消息,而不是别的消息)
? (that在从句中不充当任何成份)(that在从句中作gave 的宾语)2. 引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当
任何成份，而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，
除起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语、宾语或
表语等。如：? The?idea?that?computers?can?recognize?human?voices
surprises?many?people. The?idea?that?he?gave?surprises?many?people．连词“that”引导 同位语从句与定语从句的区别Analyze the following sentences1. Mike told me his idea that we’d better go
to the teacher for help.
(that 在从句中不充当任何成分即从句完整，
该从句为同位语从句)
2. The idea that Mike told me just now was
very good.
(that 在从句中作宾语,即从句不完整，该从句
为定语从句)
句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、
同位语、介词宾语等, 因此根据
它在句中不同的语法功能, 名词性
从句又可分为四类。名词性从句表语从句
宾语从句
主语从句
同位语从句引导名词性从句的连接词 1. 连接词 that, whether, if (不充当从句
的任何成分)
2. 连接代词: what, whatever, who,
whoever, whom,whose, which (不仅起到
连接一个句子的作用, 同时也是从句
的一个组成部分)
3. 连接副词: when, where, how, why 引导名词性从句不可省略的连词引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
介词后的连词 Subject clause (主语从句)主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，
通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式
主语 it 代替, 而本身放在句子末尾。 1. 主语从句可放句首, 此时连接词 that 一般
不省略。主语从句也可用于It is …that…
句型。Whether引导主语从句意为“是否”，
这时通常不用 if。That we need more equipment is
obvious.
or: It is obvious that we need more
equipment.
2. It 用作形式主语的句子常出现于下列句型中： 1) It is +adj.+that…(eg. natural/strange etc.)
2) It is + n. (eg. a shame/pity, no wonder, a fact)
+that…
3) It is+said/reported/known/believed/
thought/proved+that…
4) It seems/appears that…似乎……
It happens that…碰巧……
It occurs to sb that…发生……不好的事情1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于句首。
2) It is said /reported that …结构中
的主语从句不可提前。例如：
That President Jiang will visit our
school next week is said. (wrong)3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况3) It happens that…, It occurs to sb. that…
结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
That he failed in the examination occurred
to him. (wrong)
4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …
结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如:
Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t
matter. (wrong)5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时, 主语 从句不可提前。例如：Is that it will rain in the evening likely?
(wrong) Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? (right)名词性从句的主谓一致主语是名词性从句, 动词通常用单数形式。
e.g. What I am most interested in is American
movies．我最感兴趣的是美国电影。但在下面的句子中谓语动词要用复数形式，
因为主语从句中的动词是复数, 所以主语
从句应当作复数看待。例如： Who are going to attend the meeting have
been decided by the manager．Object clause (宾语从句)在一个句子中, 不是由一个词组, 而是由一个
句子充当的宾语, 这个句子叫做宾语从句。其
作用相当于一个名词词组。
引导宾语从句的连接词：
连词: whether, if, that
连接代词: who, whom, whose, what, which, etc.
连接副词: when, where, why, how, etc.1. 作动词的宾语
She did not know what had happened.
动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句
e.g. She told me that she would accept my
invitation. 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句， 通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。2. 作介词的宾语 e.g. Our success depends upon how well we can
cooperate with one another. 3. 作形容词的宾语
e.g. I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake. that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语： anxious, certain, convinced, determined, glad,
proud, surprised, worried, sorry, ashamed,
disappointed, annoyed, pleased, satisfied,
content 等。4. It 可以作为形式宾语make, think, consider, feel, findIt 不仅可以作为形式主语, 还可以作为形式
宾语而真正的宾语 that 从句则放在句尾, 特
别是在带复合宾语的句子中。 e.g. We heard it that she would get married
next month.5. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词 这类动词有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force,
dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后
可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用
that引导的宾语从句。
e.g. I admire their winning the match. (right) I admire that they won the match. (wrong)6. 有些动词不可用于“动词＋间接宾语＋that
从句”结构中, 常见的有envy, order, accuse,
refuse, impress, forgive, blame, advise, 等。如： He impressed the manager as an honest man.
(right) He impressed the manager that he was an
honest man. (wrong)宾语从句须注意1) 由疑问词引导的宾语从句中, 词序按陈述句
顺序排列。
2) whether, if 引导宾语从句都意为 “是否”,
但介词后用whether引导, whether …or not。
3) 如主句是过去时时, 从句的谓语动词表示
进行的动作应用过去进行时, 表示将要发生
的动作应用过去将来时, 表示完成的动作时，
应用过去完成时。…, does it?They don’t believe I am right. …, do they?4) 否定的转移 若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose,
believe, expect, fancy, guess, 等, 其后的宾语
从句若含有否定意义, 一般要把否定词转移到
主句谓语上, 从句谓语用肯定式。
e.g. I don’t think this dress fits you well. e.g. I suggested (that) he (should) take a good rest.
Do you advise where she go for a trip in China?5) 表示“建议”或“命令”的词有: suggest, propose,
insist, desire, demand, request, order, command,
ask, advise等，它们的宾语从句用虚拟语气, 结构
为: ~ +(that)+主语+(should) do (should 可省)。6) would rather do A than do B would rather…did…(虚拟语气)e.g. I would rather walk than take a bus.
我宁愿你告诉我真相。
I’d rather you told me the truth.what与that 在引导主语从句, 宾语从句和表语
从句时的区别
what 引导主语从句和宾语从句时在从句中充当
句子成分, 如主语、宾语、表语, 而that 则不然。
e.g. 1) ______ you said yesterday is right.
2) ______ she is still alive is a consolation.
3) I can’t imagine ________ it used to be.
4) She called to me _______ she would come here
at six. WhatThatwhat(that)2. 在that引导的表语从句中, that不能用which来替换。1. 表语从句可以用that, why, where, when, how,
whether, what, who, which等词引导。3. 如果引出表语从句的名词是一些表示“建议”或者
是“命令”之类的词如advice, suggestion, proposal,
order, plan, idea等, 那么从句中的动词通常用
should +动词原形。The Predicative Clause 表语从句My suggestion is that we all ____________
(take) an active part in the coming sports meet.His proposal was that the work
_________________ (finish) in five hours.should be finishedshould take同位语从句通常来说明前面的名词的具体内容, 作这些名词
的同位语。前面的名词常是: fact, news, idea,
hope, wish, promise, truth, reason, suggestion,
thought, question, doubt, conclusion, belief,
fear, order, possibility, word(“消息”, 为不可数
名词, 前面不加定冠词)。when, where, why, how
既能引导定语从句, 也能引导同位语从句, 但其
前面没有含义相应的名词, 并且when, where, why,
how 不能改为“介词＋which”。同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，即说
明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句与前面的
名词是修饰与被修饰关系，即限定它前面的
名词范围，或补充一些情况。如：
The?news?that?I?have?passed?the?exam?is?true．
(同位语从句,即从句所表达的意思就是前面
名词的内容)?
The?news?that?he?told?me?just?now?is?true．
(定语从句,从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用,
即“他告诉我的”那个消息,而不是别的消息)
? (that在从句中不充当任何成份)(that在从句中作gave 的宾语)2. 引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当
任何成份，而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，
除起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语、宾语或
表语等。如：? The?idea?that?computers?can?recognize?human?voices
surprises?many?people. The?idea?that?he?gave?surprises?many?people．连词“that”引导 同位语从句与定语从句的区别Analyze the following sentences1. Mike told me his idea that we’d better go
to the teacher for help.
(that 在从句中不充当任何成分即从句完整，
该从句为同位语从句)
2. The idea that Mike told me just now was
very good.
(that 在从句中作宾语,即从句不完整，该从句
为定语从句)