江苏省新海高级中学2023级高一年级第一学期学情检测一
英语试题
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1. Why does the man need a map
A. To tour Manchester. B. To find a restaurant. C. To learn about China.
2. What does the woman want to do for vacation
A. Go to the beach. B. Travel to Colorado. C. Learn to snowboard.
3. What will the man probably do
A. Take the job. B. Refuse the offer. C. Change the working hours.
4. What does the woman say about John
A. He won’t wait for her.
B. He won’t come home today.
C. He won’t be on time for dinner.
5. What will the speakers probably do next
A. Order some boxes. B. Go home and rest. C. Continue working.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How does the woman usually go to work
A. By car. B. By bus. C. By train.
7. What do the speakers agree about taking the train
A. It is safer. B. It is faster. C. It is cheaper.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Save up for the car.
B. Go to another car dealer.
C. Ask someone to check the car.
9. What is the salesman going to do
A. Give a discount. B. Stick to a high price. C. Ask for cash payment.
10. How will the man help the woman
A. Lend money to her. B. Drive her car home. C. Take care of her car.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What does the woman think of the living expenses in the city
A. Fairly low. B. Just Okay. C. Very high.
12. What does the woman spend most on
A. Meals. B. Vehicles. C. Clothes.
13. What does the woman do in her free time
A. See films. B. Travel around. C. Go for a drink.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What will Rebecca do on June 12
A. Go on a business trip.
B. Organize a trade exhibition.
C. Meet the people from Head Office.
15. What is John preparing for the meeting
A. A report. B. A timetable. C. A speech.
16 When do the speakers decide to have the meeting
A. On June 3. B. On June 10. C. On June 17.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What did the speaker decide to do after lunch that day
A. Stay to help her friend. B. Drive home in the rain. C. Wait for the rain to stop.
18. What can we learn about the speaker then
A. She worked at a hotel.
B. She had bought a new car.
C. She was having a baby soon.
19. Where did the speaker meet the taxi passenger
A. At a crossroads. B. In front of a hotel. C. Beside a car park.
20. What does the speaker talk about
A. An exciting lunch party.
B. A well-known short story.
C. An unforgettable experience.
第二部分 单选题(共10题;每题1分，满分10分)
1. In some cases, specific groups may be formed to ________ specific issues.
A. put B. press C. address D. make
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在某些情况下，可能会成立特定的小组来处理特定的问题。A. put放置；B. press按压；C. address处理；D. make制造。根据后文“specific issues”可知，此处指成立特定的小组来处理特定的问题。故选C。
2. When ________ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.
A. to compare B. comparing C. compare D. compared
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：与整个地球的大小相比，最大的海洋似乎一点也不大。此处为状语从句的省略，根据短语be compared with表示“与……相比”，when引导的完整从句是when it is compared with the size of the whole earth，从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句中有be动词，符合状语从句省略的条件，省略it is。故选D。
3. Mary wishes that she ________ law instead of history when she was in college.
A. had studied B. studies C. has studied D. studied
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气 。句意：Mary希望她上大学时学的是法律而不是历史。wish后跟从句需要虚拟，根据后文when she was in college.可知是对过去的虚拟，空格处谓语为had done形式。故选A。
4. He is very ________ to show up on time, for he is always punctual.
A. possible B. probable C. possibly D. likely
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很可能准时出现，因为他总是很准时。A. possible可能做到的，一般用于客观上有发生的可能性，但暗示这种情况的可能性较小（即说话者对事件发生的可能性不抱有太大希望）；B. probable很可能发生（或存在等）的，大概的；C. possibly可能，副词；D. likely可能的，形容词。根据后文“to show up on time, for he is always punctual”可知，此处可能较大，故排除A选项，且A、B两项常用在It is/was+形容词+to do的结构中；此处作表语，应用形容词，故排除C选项；结合短语be likely to do sth.表示“可能做某事”。故选D。
5. When he finally returned to his hometown, he found it completely ________.
A. changing B. to change C. changed D. changes
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当他终于回到家乡时，他发现那里完全变了样。此处为find+宾语+宾补结构，it与change构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故选C。
6. —What do you want to do next We have half an hour until the basketball game.
—It’s up to you. ________ you want to do is fine with me.
A. No matter what B. However C. Whatever D. Whichever
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：——接下来你想做什么？离篮球赛还有半个小时。——由你决定。不管你想做什么，我都无所谓。A. No matter what无论什么，引导让步状语从句；B. However无论如何；C. Whatever无论什么，可以引导让步状语从句和名词性从句；D. Whichever无论哪一个。此处引导主语从句，从句中do后缺少宾语，指事情，应用whatever。故选C。
7. I’m moving to the country because the air there is much fresher than ________ in the city.
A. ones B. one C. that D. those
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查代词。句意：我要搬到乡村去，因为那里的空气比城市清新得多。分析句子可知，此处为代词的填入，one与that虽可用来指代同名异物，但one为泛指，相当于a/an+名词；that为特指，相当于the+名词，此处应是the air，故选C，air是不可数名词，没有复数形式，不能用复数代词代替，排除A，D项复数形式。故选C项。
8. Perhaps they have experienced something similar and do not want you to ________ the same pain.
A. break through B. go through C. think through D. see through
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：也许他们经历过类似的事情，不想让你经历同样的痛苦。A. break through突破；B. go through经历；C. think through仔细考虑；D. see through看透。根据后文“the same pain”指经历同样的痛苦。故选B。
9. John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of are family members.
A. them B. which C. whom D. that
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：约翰邀请了大约40个人参加他的婚礼，其中大多数是家庭成员。分析句子可知，空处和空前的most of搭配，构成“代词+介词+关系代词”的结构，引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词40 people作补充说明，先行词指人，作of的宾语，应用whom作引导词。故选C。
10. There is no point ________ about it, because you always don’t care about anything.
A. to ask B. asking C. asked D. asks
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：问这件事没有意义，因为你总是什么都不在乎。句型there is no point doing sth.表示“作某事没有意义”。故选B。
第三部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Below is a brief description of the process involved in selecting the Nobel Prize laureates (获奖者) in physics.
September-Nomination (提名) forms are sent out.
The Nobel Committee sends out confidential forms to around 3,000 people-selected professors at universities around the world, Nobel Prize laureates in physics and chemistry, and members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, among others.
February-Deadline for submission.
The completed nomination forms must reach the Nobel Committee no later than 31st January of the following year. The Committee screens the nominations and selects the preliminary candidates. About 250-350 names are nominated as several nominators often submit the same name.
March-May-Consultation with experts.
The Nobel Committee sends the names of the preliminary (初步的) candidates to specially appointed experts for their assessment of the candidates’ work.
Jun-August-Writing of the report.
The Nobel Committee puts together the report with recommendations to be submitted to the Academy. The report is signed by all members of the Committee.
September-Committee submits recommendations.
The Nobel Committee submits its report with recommendations on the final candidates to the members of the Academy. The report is discussed at two meetings of the Physics Class of the Academy.
October-Nobel Prize laureates are chosen.
In early October, the Academy selects the Nobel Prize laureates in physics through a majority vote. The decision is final and without appeal. The names of the Nobel Laureates are then announced.
December-Nobel Prize laureates receive their prize.
The Nobel Prize award ceremony takes place on 10 December in Stockholm, where the Nobel Prize laureates receive their Nobel Prize, which consists of a Nobel Prize medal and diploma (证书), and a document confirming the prize amount.
11. When should nomination forms be sent back to the Nobel Committee in the following year
A. Later than March. B. Later than April.
C. Earlier than February. D. Later than August.
12. Where does the Nobel Prize laureates receive their Nobel Prize
A. In Stockholm. B. In New York. C. In Canberra. D. In London.
13. The Nobel Prize is NOT made up of_________.
A. A medal. B. A diploma. C. A document. D. A souvenir.
【答案】11. C 12. A 13. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍对诺贝尔物理学奖获得者评选过程的简要描述。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据February-Deadline for submission.部分“The completed nomination forms must reach the Nobel Committee no later than 31st January of the following year. (填写好的提名表格必须在次年1月31日之前送达诺贝尔委员会。)”可知，填写好的提名表格必须在次年1月31日之前送达诺贝尔委员会，即早于二月送达诺贝尔委员会。故选C。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据December-Nobel Prize laureates receive their prize.部分“The Nobel Prize award ceremony takes place on 10 December in Stockholm, where the Nobel Prize laureates receive their Nobel Prize (诺贝尔奖颁奖典礼将于12月10日在斯德哥尔摩举行，诺贝尔奖获得者将在那里领取诺贝尔奖)”可知，诺贝尔奖获得者在斯德哥尔摩领取诺贝尔奖。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据December-Nobel Prize laureates receive their prize.部分“the Nobel Prize laureates receive their Nobel Prize, which consists of a Nobel Prize medal and diploma(证书), and a document confirming the prize amount. (诺贝尔奖获得者将获得他们的诺贝尔奖，其中包括一枚诺贝尔奖奖章和证书，以及一份确认奖金金额的文件。)”可知，诺贝尔奖包括一枚诺贝尔奖奖章和证书，以及一份确认奖金金额的文件，没有纪念品。故选D。
B
Jane Austen ever popular
Last summer, the UK honored one of its favorite writers, Jane Austen (1775-1817), by making her the face of the new 10 note. In the 200 years since her death, Austen’s fame has increased to global fame.
Yet Austen’s works are so very English that it’s rather strange she should be so popular all over the world. Her novels are so of her time that it’s remarkable that she’s still appreciated in this very different age. Her most famous works — including Pride and Prejudice the one for which she is most known — are set in the world of the English gentry (上流社会人士) in the early 19th century.
Most of her fiction is about young women of that time. Women of the gentry could not work, so their chances of happiness or even basic living depended upon finding a husband. This is a very serious subject, of course, but the joy of Austen’s stories is her ability to make wonderful, but also touching comedy out of something so serious.
Take Pride and Prejudice as an example. The main plot of the novel is driven by the love-hate relationship between Elizabeth and Mr Darcy, a wealthy man. At first, they don’t get on. Elizabeth finds Darcy too proud; she feels he thinks he is better than everyone else. She thinks that he looks down upon her family in particular. Darcy, while admiring Elizabeth, believes that she has taken unfairly to him. The pleasure of the novel is reading how these difficulties are overcome and how the comical and unexpected ending is achieved.
If we think about this story, it’s obvious why Jane Austen is still popular more than 200 years after her death, and why readers can still have the same feelings with characters from the long dead world of the 19th century English gentry. Although there have been many changes since that time, it’s still the greatest challenge in life for men and women to find the partner of their dreams.
14. It can be concluded from Paragraph 2 that the author ________.
A. believes Jane Austen’s works are ahead of her time
B. thinks that everyone should read Jane Austen’s works
C. is surprised that Jane Austen’s works are still so popular
D. has doubts about Jane Austen’s popularity all over the world
15. According to the text, Pride and Prejudice ________.
A. has a sad and unexpected ending
B. deals with a serious social issue in a lighthearted way
C. centers on poor people’s struggles in the early 19th century
D. tells readers that everyone can succeed through hard work
16. We can learn from the text that Jane Austen remains popular today because ________.
A. readers enjoy reading love stories about wealthy people
B. readers can always find something new from her novels
C. her works deal with problems many of today’s readers still face
D. readers are attracted by the way people deal with difficulties in the stories
17. The text is mainly written to ________.
A. introduce the story of Pride and Prejudice
B. explain why Jane Austen is still popular today
C. introduce Jane Austen’s creative writing style
D. tell us why Jane Austen is chosen to be on the new 10 note
【答案】14. C 15. B 16. C 17. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者以《傲慢与偏见》为例说明了简·奥斯汀的书不管过去还是现在都深受欢迎的原因。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Yet Austen’s works are so very English that it’s rather strange she should be so popular all over the world. Her novels are so of her time that it’s remarkable that she’s still appreciated in this very different age.(然而，奥斯汀的作品是如此的英式，以至于她在世界各地如此受欢迎是相当奇怪的。她的小说是她那个时代的产物，在这个截然不同的时代，她仍然受到人们的欣赏，这是很了不起的)”可知，作者对Jane Austen的作品现在仍然在世界各地深受欢迎感到吃惊。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“This is a very serious subject, of course, but the joy of Austen’s stories is her ability to make wonderful, but also touching comedy out of something so serious.(当然，这是一个非常严肃的主题，但奥斯汀的故事的乐趣在于她能够将如此严肃的事情变成精彩而又感人的喜剧)”以及第四段“Take Pride and Prejudice as an example.(以《傲慢与偏见》为例)”可推知，Jane Austen把严肃的主题演绎得精彩又感人，《傲慢与偏见》就是一个例子。故选B。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Although there have been many changes since that time, it’s still the greatest challenge in life for men and women to find the partner of their dreams.(尽管从那时起已经发生了很多变化，但对男人和女人来说，找到他们梦想中的伴侣仍然是生活中最大的挑战)”可知，虽然时代已经不同，但读者仍能与Jane Austen书中的人物产生共鸣是因为她作品直面的问题也是当今读者们依然面对的。故选C。
【17题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Last summer, the UK honored one of its favorite writers, Jane Austen (1775-1817), by making her the face of the new 10 note. In the 200 years since her death, Austen’s fame has increased to global fame.(去年夏天，英国将其最喜爱的作家之一简·奥斯汀（1775-1817）的头像印在新版10英镑纸币上，以此纪念她。在奥斯丁去世后的200年里，她的名气在全球范围内与日俱增)”结合作者以《傲慢与偏见》为例说明了简·奥斯汀的书不管过去还是现在都深受欢迎的原因。可知，这篇文章的目的是解释为什么Jane Austen至今仍享有很高的知名度。故选B。
C
As a child, Paolo Fanciulli was attracted by underwater abandoned ships , particularly the fish and seagrass that lived in them. But in the past decade , his job as a fisherman has grown harder, as trawling ( 用拖网捕鱼) near the coast has been destroying the Mediterranean ecosystem.“The nets are weighed down with heavy chains to be dragged on the sea bottom, so they uproot the seagrass that is key to the Mediterranean ecosystem" he said.
While Italian law bans trawling within 5.5km of the coast, it's so profitable that it's not uncommon for boats to carry on illegally at night.
In 2006, a desperate Tuscan government dropped concrete blocks into the sea to interrupt the trawlers. Fanciulli said they didn't work as they were too far apart and the nets simply dragged between them. He then began to wonder: what if, instead of dropping concrete blocks into the water, he dropped art He asked a mine in nearby Carrara to donate two marble (大理石) blocks to make sculptures. They donated 100 instead.
Through word of mouth , contributions and online crowdfunding, Fanciulli persuaded artists including Giorgio Butini and Beverly Pepper to carve sculptures from the marble.Then he took them to sea and lowered them in. The underwater sculptures create both a physical brier for nets and a unique underwater museum.
The“museum”appears to be having some effects gradually. Although 10 years ago the seagrass was disappearing, it is now growing back. The statues also deserve credit for helping to preserve the fishing industry by protecting the fish resources because the nursery areas of various commercial fish species are below the coast. All kinds of undersea life appears to be returning. Seagrass covers the statues, shellfish has taken up residence, and more dolphins have been seen.
Fanciulli hopes to build on the museum's success.“We put in the first statues in 2007 but our goal is to reach 100,”he said, sensing an opportunity.
18. What has made Fanciulli's job grow harder
A. An illegal fishing practice.
B. The declining fishing industry.
C. The concrete blocks underwater.
D. The increasing number of fishermen.
19. What does Fancilli mean by“dropped art”in paragraph 3
A. Establishing an art museum.
B. Removing the concrete blocks.
C. Appealing for artists' donation.
D. Laying sculptures under the sea.
20. Which of the following can best describe Fanciulli's measure
A. Fruitless. B. Doubtful.
C. Conventional. D. Rewarding.
21. What's the text mainly about
A. Benefits brought by fine arts.
B. Harm trawling does to marine life.
C. Efforts by a fisherman to protect sea life.
D. Attempts by artists to preserve biodiversity.
【答案】18. A 19. D 20. D 21. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲拖网捕鱼对生态系统产生了不良的影响，Paolo Fanciull，一个渔夫想出来一个方法来解决：在海底放置大理石雕塑，改善了生态系统。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“But in the past decade , his job as a fisherman has grown harder, as trawling ( 用拖网捕鱼) near the coast has been destroying the Mediterranean ecosystem.“The nets are weighed down with heavy chains to be dragged on the sea bottom, so they uproot the seagrass that is key to the Mediterranean ecosystem" he said. ”（ 但在过去的十年里，他作为渔民的工作变得越来越困难，因为在海岸附近拖网捕鱼破坏了地中海的生态系统。他说：“渔网被沉重的链条拖到海底，因此它们连根拔起了对地中海生态系统至关重要的海草。”）以及第二段“While Italian law bans trawling within 5.5km of the coast, it's so profitable that it's not uncommon for boats to carry on illegally at night.”（ 尽管意大利法律禁止在海岸5.5公里范围内进行拖网捕鱼，但这是如此有利可图，以至于船只在夜间进行非法活动并不罕见。）由此可知，拖网捕鱼，一种违法行为使Fanciulli的工作变得越来越难，故选A。
【19题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文“He asked a mine in nearby Carrara to donate two marble (大理石) blocks to make sculptures. ”（ 他请求卡拉拉附近矿山捐赠两块大理石用于雕刻。）以及第四段“Through word of mouth , contributions and online crowdfunding, Fanciulli persuaded artists including Giorgio Butini and Beverly Pepper to carve sculptures from the marble.Then he took them to sea and lowered them in. The underwater sculptures create both a physical brier for nets and a unique underwater museum. ”（通过口口相传、捐款和在线众筹，法胡利说服了乔治·布蒂尼(Giorgio Butini)和贝弗利·佩珀(Beverly Pepper)等艺术家用大理石雕刻雕像。然后他把他们带到海里，放下去。这些水下雕塑为渔网创造了一个物理的荆棘和一个独特的水下博物馆。）由此可推断上文意思是代替往海里扔混凝土，而是放置雕塑。故猜测“dropped art”意为“在海底放置雕塑”，故选D。
【20题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“The ‘museum’ appears to be having some effects gradually. … All kinds of undersea life appears to be returning. Seagrass covers the statues, shellfish has taken up residence, and more dolphins have been seen.”（“博物馆”似乎正在逐渐发挥一些作用。虽然10年前海草正在消失，但现在又重新长出来了。这些雕像还因为保护了鱼类资源而帮助保护了捕鱼业，因为各种商业鱼类的苗圃都在海岸下面。各种海底生物似乎都在回归。海草覆盖着雕像，贝类在这里定居，越来越多的海豚被发现。）由此可推断出Fanciulli的方法起作用了，所以是Rewarding（值得的）。故选D。
【21题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“ ‘The nets are weighed down with heavy chains to be dragged on the sea bottom, so they uproot the seagrass that is key to the Mediterranean ecosystem’ he said. ”（他说：“渔网被沉重的链条拖到海底，因此它们连根拔起了对地中海生态系统至关重要的海草。”），第三段“He then began to wonder: what if, instead of dropping concrete blocks into the water, he dropped art ”（ 然后他开始思考：如果他不是把混凝土块扔进水里，而是把艺术品扔进水里会怎么样 ）以及第六段“The ‘museum’ appears to be having some effects gradually.”（ “博物馆”似乎正在逐渐发挥一些作用。）由此可知，文章主要讲拖网捕鱼对生态系统产生了不良的影响，Paolo Fanciull，一个渔夫想出来一个方法来解决：在海底放置大理石雕塑，改善了生态系统。因此C选项“一个渔民保护海洋生物的努力。”符合主旨大意，故选C。
D
Human beings are not alone in having invented vaccination, while honeybees got there first and they can run what look like vaccination programmes, which has been confirmed by Gyan Harwood of the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.
Queen bees vaccinate their eggs before they are laid. But the question is how the queen receives her antigen supply, for she lives purely on royal jelly, a substance secreted by nurse bees when they are in the life stage of feeding the young. Dr Harwood wondered if the nurses combined the royal jelly they produced with pieces from pathogens they had consumed while eating something brought in from outside.
To test this idea, they collected about 150 nurse bees and divided them among six queenless mini hives equipped with the young to look after. They fed the nurses on sugar-water, and for three of the hives they added Paenibacillus larvae, a bacterium causing a disease, to sugar-water.
Dr Harwood and Dr Salmela labeled the bacteria with a certain dye, to make them easy to track. And, sure enough, microscope confirmed that Paenibacillus larvae were getting into royal jelly secreted by those bees which had been fed with the sugar-water. Moreover, examination of this royal jelly revealed higher levels of defensive substance, compared with royal jelly from bees that had not been mixed with Paenibacillus larvae. This substance is thought to help bee immune systems fight against bacterial infections.
All told, these findings suggest that nurse bees are indeed, via their royal jelly, passing antigens on to the queen, then into eggs. They also mean, because the young receive royal jelly for the first few days after they hatch, the nurses are giving the young the second antigens. Each young bee is therefore being vaccinated twice.
22. What puzzled Dr Harwood from paragraph 2
A. What the royal jelly consists of.
B. Where nurse bees receive pathogens.
C. How the antigen come into the queen bees' bodies.
D. Whether honeybees run vaccination earlier than man.
23. How did Dr Harwood develop his experiment
A. By dividing bees into different roles.
B. By keeping track of the special bacterium.
C. By changing the components of royal jelly.
D. By observing nurse bees' different behaviors.
24. What can we infer according to the results of the experiment
A. Nurse bees are the key to vaccination for bee group.
B. The nurse bees pass the antigen only to the queen.
C. Bacteria-used royal jelly has fewer defense substances.
D. Two vaccinations are given to young bees by caregivers directly.
25. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A pet guide. B. A social website.
C. An official document. D. A medical magazine.
【答案】22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类并不是唯一发明疫苗的物种，蜜蜂是最先发明疫苗并实施疫苗接种的计划，这一发现已得到证实。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“But the question is how the queen receives her antigen supply, for she lives purely on royal jelly, a substance secreted by nurse bees when they are in the life stage of feeding the young.(但问题是蜂后是如何接受抗原供应的，因为她完全靠蜂王浆生活，蜂王浆是看护蜂在哺育幼蜂的生命阶段分泌的一种物质)”可知，抗原如何进入蜂后的身体让Harwood博士感到困惑。故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“To test this idea, they collected about 150 nurse bees and divided them among six queenless mini hives equipped with the young to look after. They fed the nurses on sugar-water, and for three of the hives they added Paenibacillus larvae, a bacterium causing a disease, to sugar-water.(为了验证这一想法，他们收集了大约150只保育蜂，并将它们分配到6个没有蜂后的迷你蜂箱中，并配备了幼蜂。他们给护士喂食糖水，并给其中三个蜂巢添加了一种致病细菌——芽孢杆菌幼虫)”和第四段中“Dr Harwood and Dr Salmela labeled the bacteria with a certain dye, to make them easy to track.(Harwood博士和Salmela博士用一种特定的染料对细菌进行标记，以便于追踪)”可推知，他们是通过追踪特殊的细菌来展开实验。故选B。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“All told, these findings suggest that nurse bees are indeed, via their royal jelly, passing antigens on to the queen, then into eggs. They also mean, because the young receive royal jelly for the first few days after they hatch, the nurses are giving the young the second antigens.(这些发现表明，保育蜂确实通过蜂王浆将抗原传给蚁后，以便将其接种到卵中。这也意味着，因为幼虫在孵化后的头几天也会接受蜂王浆，所以保育蜂也在给它们的幼虫注射疫苗)”可推知，每只幼蜂要接种两次疫苗，而每次都离不开保育蜂。故选A。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了蜜蜂是最先发明疫苗并实施疫苗接种的计划的新发现，所以应该出自与医学相关的杂志。故选D。
第二节 七选五阅读(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The effects of working while attending school or college
Youths working while in school or college seems like a tradition in many countries and the trend is growing A recent study has found that 80% of students in some countries have at least a part time job during their study years.
Why do students look for employment _____26_____ Education costs are high, and college tuitions have grown considerably during the last few years. Moreover, parents also contribute less toward covering the education costs of their children, which means students must earn their own money while studying.
Having a job during school or college years affects the students’ personal and academic lives. First of all, employed students have less free time and, as a result, they can’t be around their family or friends as often as they would want. They lack sleep and are more stressed, and they may even develop health problems. Furthermore, student employment also impacts academic performance. A new research shows that students working more than 20 hours a week have lower grades than those who work less or not at all. ___27___
However, the benefits of student employment are also notable. It seems that employed students tend to be more engaged in academic activities than those who do not work, probably because they have developed a higher sense of responsibility.
___28___ Firstly, fresh graduates who already have work experience gained during their study years have better chances of landing a job. Employers usually prefer to hire a graduate with workplace experience, because they needn’t spend too much time and resources to train the new employee. Secondly, studies show that working learners are more likely to move into a managerial position soon after graduating. _____29_____ As they try different jobs during their school years, they are more aware of their job preferences and target field, and thus far less confused than fresh graduates who have never worked.
To sum up, because of financial difficulties, many youths look for employment while attending school or college, and this can have positive or negative effects on their lives.
___30___ In this way, employed students can gain noteworthy advantages in terms of career path after they graduate.
A. The main cause is financial pressure.
B. Student employment has an effect on future careers as well.
C. The government has increased funding for higher education.
D. They state that the job limits the number of classes they can take.
E. Employed students know what type of work field would be best fit for them.
F. Finally, employed students develop a better appreciation of the career path to pursue.
G. So guidance should be given to help them keep a proper balance between study and work.
【答案】26. A 27. D 28. B 29. F 30. G
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在学习期间找工作的利弊。
【26题详解】
根据前文“Why do students look for employment （学生为什么要找工作 ）”以及下文“Education costs are high, and college tuitions have grown considerably during the last few years.（教育成本很高，大学学费在过去几年中大幅增长。）”可知，划线句讲的是学生找工作是迫于经济压力。A选项“The main cause is financial pressure.”（主要原因是财政压力。）符合题意，故选A项。
【27题详解】
根据前文“Having a job during school or college years affects the students’ personal and academic lives（在中学或大学期间有一份工作会影响学生的个人生活和学业。）”可知，本段是围绕工作影响学业来叙述的。D选项“They state that the job limits the number of classes they can take.”（他们说这份工作限制了他们能上的课程数量。）符合题意，故选D项。
【28题详解】
根据前文“Firstly, fresh graduates who already have work experience gained during their study years have better chances of landing a job.（首先，已经在学习期间获得了工作经验的应届毕业生有更好的机会找到工作。）”可知，本段是讲述学生在学习期间兼职对未来找工作的益处。B选项“Student employment has an effect on future careers as well.”（学生就业对未来的职业生涯也有影响。）符合题意，故选B项。
【29题详解】
根据前文“As they try different jobs during their school years, they are more aware of their job preferences and target field, and thus far less confused than fresh graduates who have never worked.（当他们在学校里尝试不同的工作时，他们更清楚自己的工作偏好和目标领域，因此远没有那些从未工作过的应届毕业生那么困惑。）”可知，在学校里找工作的学生能更清楚的认识自我职业道路。F选项“Finally, employed students develop a better appreciation of the career path to pursue.”（最后，就业的学生对自己所追求的职业道路有了更好的认识。）符合题意，故选F项。
【30题详解】
根据前文“To sum up, because of financial difficulties, many youths look for employment while attending school or college, and this can have positive or negative effects on their lives.（总之，由于经济困难，许多年轻人在上学或上大学的时候就找工作，这对他们的生活有积极的或消极的影响。）”以及下文“In this way, employed students can gain noteworthy advantages in terms of career path after they graduate.（通过这种方式，就业的学生毕业后在职业道路方面可以获得明显的优势。）”可知，我们要协调好挣钱与学业之间的平衡。G选项“So guidance should be given to help them keep a proper balance between study and work.”（所以应该给予指导，帮助他们在学习和工作之间保持适当的平衡。）符合题意，故选G项。
第四部分 语言知识运用(满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。
It was a cold November morning. My alarm clock had just ____31____ off but I was having trouble getting out of bed.
My Dad, who had been my hero growing up, had passed away a few weeks before, leaving me weighed down by____32____ and depression. Dad loved me. Still, he had been raised in a(n)____33____way and raised us that way too. I couldn't remember, for example, ever being ____34____ by him after I grew up. Before his____35____， we talked more, but still____36____ touched and never hugged. Then, his health began to rapidly ____37____ and within a few months he left us.
That morning, I was too numb ( 麻木的) inside myself to ____38____ anything. I kept thinking what I would have ____39____ in exchange for just one last hug from him. Sad and weak,I was unable to gather ____40____ to get up. When I finally did and ____41____ out, my son, rushing to meet me, suddenly,____42____ his arms and gave me a heart-felt hug. Meanwhile, my Dad's ____43____ rang deep inside me,“Joey，this hug is from me!” Tears welled up in my eyes." Right then, I realized I couldn't ____44____ on life.
Life can seem very long but in truth it is so ____45____ that we can never afford to miss a dearest hug!
31. A. taken B. gone C. come D. set
32. A. anxiety B. surprise C. sadness D. curiosity
33. A. single-handed B. open-minded C. cold-blooded D. old-fashioned
34. A. criticized B. loved C. hugged D. cheered
35. A. treatment B. return C. retirement D. death
36. A. rarely B. instantly C. regularly D. usually
37. A. improve B. recover C. restore D. fail
38. A. understand B. feel C. see D. say
39. A. given B. lost C. bought D. got
40. A. attention B. speed C. strength D. support
41. A. walked B. cried C. climbed D. slipped
42. A. waved B. opened C. crossed D. raised
43. A. sound B. comment C. voice D. scream
44. A. drop in B. cut down C. miss out D. give up
45. A. brief B. precious C. different D. significant
【答案】31. B 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. D 36. A 37. D 38. B 39. A 40. C 41. A 42. B 43. C 44. D 45. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。在文中作者表达了对父亲的追思和对来自父亲的拥抱的渴望，儿子的拥抱让他感受到了父亲的心。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我的闹钟刚响，但我起床有困难。这四个选项都可以和空后off构成动词短语。A. taken off脱掉，起飞；B. gone off(闹钟)响起； C. come off成功，达到效果；D. set off出发，动身。根据空后“but I was having trouble getting out of bed”可知，此处表示闹钟响了，但作者很难起床，go off(闹钟)响起，动词短语，符合题意。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父亲，在我成长过程中一直是我的英雄，几周前去世了，让我沉浸在悲伤和沮丧之中。A. anxiety焦虑；B. surprise惊讶；C. sadness悲伤；D. curiosity好奇。根据前文“My Dad, who had been my hero growing up, had passed away a few weeks before”可知，因为作者父亲刚刚去世，所以作者是悲伤的。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，他还是以一种老式的方式被抚养长大，而我们也是以这种方式被抚养长大的。A. single-handed单手的；B. open-minded思想开明的；C. cold-blooded冷血的；D. old-fashioned老式的，过时的。根据后文“and never hugged”可知，作者父亲从未拥抱过作者，由此可知，作者父亲是以一种老式的方式被抚养长大。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，我不记得长大后曾被他拥抱过。A. criticized批评；B. loved爱；C. hugged拥抱；D. cheered欢呼。根据后文“and never hugged.”可知，此处指作者不记得长大后是否被父亲拥抱过。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他去世之前，我们聊得更多，但仍然很少接触对方，也从不拥抱。A. treatment对待，治疗；B. return返回；C. retirement退休；D. death死。根据后文“Then, his health began to rapidly 7 and within a few months he let us.”可知，此处讲述的是作者回忆父亲去世前的情况。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。 A. rarely很少；B. instantly立刻，马上；C. regularly定期地；D. usually通常地。根据后文“and never hugged. ”可知，此处需用副词rarely，表示作者和父亲很少有身体上的接触。故选A。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，他的健康状况开始迅速恶化，不到几个月，他就离开了我们。A. improve改善，提高；B. recover恢复；C. restore修复；D. fail衰退。根据后文“and within a few months he left us.”可知，因为作者父亲很快去世了，由此可知，作者父亲的健康状况开始迅速恶化。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天早上，我内心太麻木了，什么都感觉不到。A. understand明白；B. feel感觉；C. see看见；D. say说。根据前文“I was too numb ( 麻木的) inside myself ”可知，因为作者内心麻木了，所以什么也感觉不到。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直在想，如果我能得到他最后一个拥抱，我会付出什么。A. given给予；B. lost丢失；C. bought买；D. got得到。根据后文“in exchange for just one last hug from him.”可知，因为想要得到父亲的拥抱，作者在想自己要付出什么。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我悲伤而虚弱，无法积蓄力量站起来。A. attention注意；B. speed速度；C. strength力气；D. support支持。根据前文“Sad and weak”可知，因为作者悲伤虚弱，所以没有力气站起来。故选C。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我终于站了起来走出去的时候，我的儿子跑过来迎接我，突然，他张开双臂真心地拥抱了我。A. walked行走； B. cried哭泣； C. climbed爬；D. slipped滑。根据前文“When I finally did”和空后“my son, rushing to meet me”可知，作者站了起来，走出去时，儿子过来迎接他。故选A。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. waved挥舞； B. opened打开；C. crossed穿越；D. raised提高。根据空后“and gave me a heart-felt hug. ”可知，因为作者儿子拥抱了作者，由此可知，此处表示张开双臂去拥抱作者。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，爸爸的声音在我内心深处回响，“乔伊，这个拥抱是我的！”A. sound声音，指一切自然界的声音；B. comment评论；C. voice声音，指人的嗓音；D. scream尖叫。根据后文“Joey，this hug is from me!”可知，作者听到了父亲的声音在内心深处回响，指人的声音用voice。故选C。
【44题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我意识到我不能放弃生活。A. drop in突然拜访；B. cut down砍倒；C. miss out错过，遗漏；D. give up放弃。根据文章最后一句作者的感悟可知，此处表示作者意识到不能放弃生活。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：生命似乎很长，但事实上它是如此短暂，我们决不能错过一个最亲的拥抱! A. brief短暂的；B. precious珍贵的； C. different不同的；D. significant有意义的。由空前形容词long可知，空处需用形容词brief与之对应，表示生命似乎也是如此的短暂。故选A。
第二节 单词填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
根据英汉提示或句意填空。
46. China’s leaders __________ (强调) the need for increased co-operation between Third World countries in the past decades.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】have stressed
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：过去几十年来，中国领导人一直强调第三世界国家之间加强合作的必要性。根据汉语提示可知应填动词stress，作谓语，结合后文in the past decades可知为现在完成时，主语为leaders，助动词用have。故填have stressed。
47. Our plans need to be __________(灵活的，可变通的) enough to cater for the needs of everyone. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】flexible
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们的计划需要有足够的灵活性，以满足每个人的需要。根据汉语提示可推出是flexible，形容词，在句中作表语，故填flexible。
48. It is said that body language _________ (占) 55 per cent of the first impression while what you say just 7 per cent. （根据中文提示填空）
【答案】accounts for
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：据说身体语言占第一印象的55%，而你说的话只占7%。根据所给中文提示，此处是短语account for；句子叙述的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时；主语body language是单数，因此谓语动词用单数第三人称形式。故填accounts for。
49. Raising animals was only ________(次要的) to other forms of farming. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】secondary
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：饲养动物只是次于其他形式的农业。根据汉语提示可知，secondary次要的，形容词作表语，符合题意。故填secondary。
50. These health care products are __________ at the old people. (根据句意单词拼写)
【答案】targeted
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：这些保健品是针对老年人的。根据句意和空格前后的单词可知，空格处应该填入过去分词targeted，构成短语be targeted at“针对”。故填targeted。
51. In v__________ of his health state, the doctor made a special diet for him. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】view##iew
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：考虑到他的健康状况，医生给他规定了专门的饮食。根据单词首字母以及句意“考虑到……”可知短语为in view of，故填view。
52. Some of my r__________ customers turned up, saw what was going on and left without having a drink. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】regular##egular
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我的一些老主顾也来了，看到了发生的事，没喝一杯就走了。设空处作定语修饰名词customers；根据首字母提示以及句意可知，形容词regular“经常做某事的，常去某地的”符合句意，regular customers意为“常客，老主顾”。故填regular。
53. He asked several questions __________ (concern) the future of the company. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】concerning
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：他问了几个关于公司未来问题。根据句子分析可知，此处应用应用介词concerning表示“关于”，作questions的定语，故填concerning。
54. Some hospital patients experience high levels of ________ (anxious). （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】anxiety
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：一些住院病人感到高度焦虑。根据句子结构可知，设空处放在of的后面，应该使用名词作宾语。anxious为形容词，意为“焦急的”，其名词是anxiety，为不可数名词，意为“焦急”，符合句意。故填anxiety。
55. __________ (base) on a true story, the book tells about a boy named Auggie, who was born with misshapen face. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Based
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这本书根据一个真实的故事改编，讲述了一个名叫奥吉的男孩，他天生就有一张畸形的脸。短语be based on表示“根据……”，动词base和句子主语the book之间是被动关系，用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Based。
第三节 短文填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
语法填空
Amazon is publishing a new and improved Kindle. It’s ____56____ (thin) and lighter than the former one, and has a rounded design that makes it easier for one ____57____ (hold) it with one hand. But what’s most interesting is its characters for ____58____ blind.
The previous fourth-generation Kindle Touch, which ____59____ (come) out in 2011, has speakers, headphone jacks, and text-to-speech functions. It is the last Kindle ____60____ is accessible to those who have trouble seeing text. When Amazon updated its LCD-screen Fire tablets, the company removed the audio character from the Kindle’s e-reader line, thus ____61____ (make) it inaccessible to blind users.
The new Kindle will come with Bluetooth wireless technology. Much like Amazon’s voice-controlled Echo, the new Kindle reads e-books aloud when ____62____ (connect) to bluetooth headphones or speakers. How easy it will be for blind people to pair the Kindle with a bluetooth audio device will ____63____ (true) determine its accessibility. According to Amazon, the new Kindle may have no____64____ (difficult) in pairing with bluetooth, as long as the host device has good text-to-speech technology, such as a built-in screen reader.
_____65_____ Amazon isn’t the only e-book seller choice for blind people, it has a majority share of the US e-book market, according to The journal.
【答案】56. thinner
57. to hold
58. the 59. came
60. that 61. making
62. connected
63. truly 64. difficulty
65. Although##Though##While
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了亚马逊即将发布新款改进版Kindle的一些情况。
【56题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：它比前一款更薄、更轻，而且有一个圆形的设计，让人更容易用一只手拿着。根据后文lighter可知应用比较级thinner。故填thinner。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它比前一款更薄、更轻，而且有一个圆形的设计，让人更容易用一只手拿着。此处为make it adj. to do sth.，it作形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语。故填to hold。
【58题详解】
考查冠词。句意：但最有趣的是它为盲人设计的角色。此处为the+形容词表示一类人，此处表示盲人应用the blind。故填the。
【59题详解】
考查时态。句意：2011年推出的第四代Kindle Touch拥有扬声器、耳机接口和文本转语音功能。根据后文in 2011可知发生在过去用一般过去时。故填came。
【60题详解】
考查强调句。句意：对于那些看不清文字的人来说，这是最后一款Kindle。分析句子结构可知，此处为强调句it is+被强调部分+that/who+其他，被强调部分为the last Kindle。故填that。
【61题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当亚马逊更新其LCD屏幕的Fire平板电脑时，该公司从Kindle的电子阅读器产品线中删除了音频字符，因此盲人用户无法使用它。此处为短语thus doing sth.表示“因此……”，动词make与上文的内容之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式作结果状语从句。故填making。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：与亚马逊的声控Echo非常相似，新款Kindle在连接蓝牙耳机或扬声器时可以大声朗读电子书。此处为省略句，短语be connected to表示“连接”，此处省略主语和be动词，故填connected。
【63题详解】
考查副词。句意：盲人将Kindle与蓝牙音频设备配对的难易程度将真正决定它的可访问性。修饰动词determine应用副词truly，故填truly。
【64题详解】
考查名词。句意：根据亚马逊的说法，只要主机设备具有良好的文本到语音转换技术，比如内置的屏幕阅读器，新款Kindle与蓝牙配对可能没有困难。短语have no difficulty in表示“做某事没有困难”。故填difficulty。
【65题详解】
考查让步状语从句。句意：据《华尔街日报》报道，虽然亚马逊并不是盲人唯一的电子书销售商，但它在美国电子书市场占据了大部分份额。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”可用although、though或while，首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。
第五部分 作文(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，正在新西兰读书。你的好友Fred发来邮件，邀请你参与学校音乐节的策划工作。现在请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 感谢邀请；
2. 询问相关信息：策划工作的时间、地点及音乐会主题等；
3. 推荐中国传统音乐。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Fred,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Fred,
Thanks for inviting me to participate in the planning of the school music festival. Now, I’d like to know more details about it.
To begin with, when and where are we starting the planning of the music festival. Besides, I’d like to know more about the theme of this year’s music festival. Has it been decided More importantly, I’d like to recommend performances of Chinese traditional music, which has been gaining popularity among foreign students. I believe such performances will surely make the music festival more attractive.
Thank you again for your invitation, and I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给好友Fred回封电子邮件，感谢邀请参与学校音乐节的策划工作，并询问相关情况和推荐中国音乐。
【详解】1.词汇积累
①参加：participate in→ take part in
②推荐：recommend→ commend
③国外的： foreign→ overseas
④吸引人的：attractive→ appealing
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Thanks for inviting me to participate in the planning of the school music festival.
拓展句：Thanks for inviting me to participate in the planning of the school music festival，which I am interested in.
【点睛】[高分句型1] More importantly, I’d like to recommend performances of Chinese traditional music, which has been gaining popularity among foreign students. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I believe such performances will surely make the music festival more attractive.(believe后是省略that的宾语从句)江苏省新海高级中学2023级高一年级第一学期学情检测一
英语试题
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1. Why does the man need a map
A. To tour Manchester. B. To find a restaurant. C. To learn about China.
2. What does the woman want to do for vacation
A. Go to the beach. B. Travel to Colorado. C. Learn to snowboard.
3. What will the man probably do
A. Take the job. B. Refuse the offer. C. Change the working hours.
4. What does the woman say about John
A. He won’t wait for her.
B. He won’t come home today.
C. He won’t be on time for dinner.
5. What will the speakers probably do next
A. Order some boxes. B. Go home and rest. C. Continue working.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How does the woman usually go to work
A. By car. B. By bus. C. By train.
7. What do the speakers agree about taking the train
A. It is safer. B. It is faster. C. It is cheaper.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Save up for the car.
B. Go to another car dealer.
C. Ask someone to check the car.
9. What is the salesman going to do
A. Give a discount. B. Stick to a high price. C. Ask for cash payment.
10. How will the man help the woman
A. Lend money to her. B. Drive her car home. C. Take care of her car.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11 What does the woman think of the living expenses in the city
A. Fairly low. B. Just Okay. C. Very high.
12. What does the woman spend most on
A. Meals. B. Vehicles. C. Clothes.
13. What does the woman do in her free time
A. See films. B. Travel around. C. Go for a drink.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What will Rebecca do on June 12
A. Go on a business trip.
B. Organize a trade exhibition.
C. Meet the people from Head Office.
15. What is John preparing for the meeting
A. A report. B. A timetable. C. A speech.
16. When do the speakers decide to have the meeting
A. On June 3. B. On June 10. C. On June 17.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What did the speaker decide to do after lunch that day
A. Stay to help her friend. B. Drive home in the rain. C. Wait for the rain to stop.
18. What can we learn about the speaker then
A. She worked at a hotel.
B. She had bought a new car.
C She was having a baby soon.
19. Where did the speaker meet the taxi passenger
A. At a crossroads. B. In front of a hotel. C. Beside a car park.
20. What does the speaker talk about
A. An exciting lunch party.
B. A well-known short story.
C. An unforgettable experience.
第二部分 单选题(共10题;每题1分，满分10分)
1. In some cases, specific groups may be formed to ________ specific issues.
A. put B. press C. address D. make
2. When ________ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.
A. to compare B. comparing C. compare D. compared
3. Mary wishes that she ________ law instead of history when she was in college.
A. had studied B. studies C. has studied D. studied
4. He is very ________ to show up on time, for he is always punctual.
A. possible B. probable C. possibly D. likely
5. When he finally returned to his hometown, he found it completely ________.
A. changing B. to change C. changed D. changes
6. —What do you want to do next We have half an hour until the basketball game.
—It’s up to you. ________ you want to do is fine with me.
A. No matter what B. However C. Whatever D. Whichever
7. I’m moving to the country because the air there is much fresher than ________ in the city.
A. ones B. one C. that D. those
8. Perhaps they have experienced something similar and do not want you to ________ the same pain.
A. break through B. go through C. think through D. see through
9. John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of are family members.
A. them B. which C. whom D. that
10. There is no point ________ about it, because you always don’t care about anything.
A. to ask B. asking C. asked D. asks
第三部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Below is a brief description of the process involved in selecting the Nobel Prize laureates (获奖者) in physics.
September-Nomination (提名) forms are sent out.
The Nobel Committee sends out confidential forms to around 3,000 people-selected professors at universities around the world, Nobel Prize laureates in physics and chemistry, and members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, among others.
February-Deadline for submission.
The completed nomination forms must reach the Nobel Committee no later than 31st January of the following year. The Committee screens the nominations and selects the preliminary candidates. About 250-350 names are nominated as several nominators often submit the same name.
March-May-Consultation with experts.
The Nobel Committee sends the names of the preliminary (初步的) candidates to specially appointed experts for their assessment of the candidates’ work.
Jun-August-Writing of the report.
The Nobel Committee puts together the report with recommendations to be submitted to the Academy. The report is signed by all members of the Committee.
September-Committee submits recommendations.
The Nobel Committee submits its report with recommendations on the final candidates to the members of the Academy. The report is discussed at two meetings of the Physics Class of the Academy.
October-Nobel Prize laureates are chosen.
In early October, the Academy selects the Nobel Prize laureates in physics through a majority vote. The decision is final and without appeal. The names of the Nobel Laureates are then announced.
December-Nobel Prize laureates receive their prize.
The Nobel Prize award ceremony takes place on 10 December in Stockholm, where the Nobel Prize laureates receive their Nobel Prize, which consists of a Nobel Prize medal and diploma (证书), and a document confirming the prize amount.
11. When should nomination forms be sent back to the Nobel Committee in the following year
A. Later than March. B. Later than April.
C. Earlier than February. D. Later than August.
12. Where does the Nobel Prize laureates receive their Nobel Prize
A. In Stockholm. B. In New York. C. In Canberra. D. In London.
13. The Nobel Prize is NOT made up of_________.
A. A medal. B. A diploma. C. A document. D. A souvenir.
B
Jane Austen ever popular
Last summer, the UK honored one of its favorite writers, Jane Austen (1775-1817), by making her the face of the new 10 note. In the 200 years since her death, Austen’s fame has increased to global fame.
Yet Austen’s works are so very English that it’s rather strange she should be so popular all over the world. Her novels are so of her time that it’s remarkable that she’s still appreciated in this very different age. Her most famous works — including Pride and Prejudice the one for which she is most known — are set in the world of the English gentry (上流社会人士) in the early 19th century.
Most of her fiction is about young women of that time. Women of the gentry could not work, so their chances of happiness or even basic living depended upon finding a husband. This is a very serious subject, of course, but the joy of Austen’s stories is her ability to make wonderful, but also touching comedy out of something so serious.
Take Pride and Prejudice as an example. The main plot of the novel is driven by the love-hate relationship between Elizabeth and Mr Darcy, a wealthy man. At first, they don’t get on. Elizabeth finds Darcy too proud; she feels he thinks he is better than everyone else. She thinks that he looks down upon her family in particular. Darcy, while admiring Elizabeth, believes that she has taken unfairly to him. The pleasure of the novel is reading how these difficulties are overcome and how the comical and unexpected ending is achieved.
If we think about this story, it’s obvious why Jane Austen is still popular more than 200 years after her death, and why readers can still have the same feelings with characters from the long dead world of the 19th century English gentry. Although there have been many changes since that time, it’s still the greatest challenge in life for men and women to find the partner of their dreams.
14. It can be concluded from Paragraph 2 that the author ________.
A. believes Jane Austen’s works are ahead of her time
B. thinks that everyone should read Jane Austen’s works
C. is surprised that Jane Austen’s works are still so popular
D. has doubts about Jane Austen’s popularity all over the world
15. According to the text, Pride and Prejudice ________.
A. has a sad and unexpected ending
B. deals with a serious social issue in a lighthearted way
C. centers on poor people’s struggles in the early 19th century
D. tells readers that everyone can succeed through hard work
16. We can learn from the text that Jane Austen remains popular today because ________.
A. readers enjoy reading love stories about wealthy people
B. readers can always find something new from her novels
C. her works deal with problems many of today’s readers still face
D. readers are attracted by the way people deal with difficulties in the stories
17. The text is mainly written to ________.
A. introduce the story of Pride and Prejudice
B. explain why Jane Austen is still popular today
C. introduce Jane Austen’s creative writing style
D tell us why Jane Austen is chosen to be on the new 10 note
C
As a child, Paolo Fanciulli was attracted by underwater abandoned ships , particularly the fish and seagrass that lived in them. But in the past decade , his job as a fisherman has grown harder, as trawling ( 用拖网捕鱼) near the coast has been destroying the Mediterranean ecosystem.“The nets are weighed down with heavy chains to be dragged on the sea bottom, so they uproot the seagrass that is key to the Mediterranean ecosystem" he said.
While Italian law bans trawling within 5.5km of the coast, it's so profitable that it's not uncommon for boats to carry on illegally at night.
In 2006, a desperate Tuscan government dropped concrete blocks into the sea to interrupt the trawlers. Fanciulli said they didn't work as they were too far apart and the nets simply dragged between them. He then began to wonder: what if, instead of dropping concrete blocks into the water, he dropped art He asked a mine in nearby Carrara to donate two marble (大理石) blocks to make sculptures. They donated 100 instead.
Through word of mouth contributions and online crowdfunding, Fanciulli persuaded artists including Giorgio Butini and Beverly Pepper to carve sculptures from the marble.Then he took them to sea and lowered them in. The underwater sculptures create both a physical brier for nets and a unique underwater museum.
The“museum”appears to be having some effects gradually. Although 10 years ago the seagrass was disappearing, it is now growing back. The statues also deserve credit for helping to preserve the fishing industry by protecting the fish resources because the nursery areas of various commercial fish species are below the coast. All kinds of undersea life appears to be returning. Seagrass covers the statues, shellfish has taken up residence, and more dolphins have been seen.
Fanciulli hopes to build on the museum's success.“We put in the first statues in 2007 but our goal is to reach 100,”he said, sensing an opportunity.
18. What has made Fanciulli's job grow harder
A An illegal fishing practice.
B. The declining fishing industry.
C. The concrete blocks underwater.
D. The increasing number of fishermen.
19. What does Fancilli mean by“dropped art”in paragraph 3
A. Establishing an art museum.
B. Removing the concrete blocks.
C. Appealing for artists' donation.
D. Laying sculptures under the sea.
20. Which of the following can best describe Fanciulli's measure
A. Fruitless. B. Doubtful.
C. Conventional. D. Rewarding.
21. What's the text mainly about
A. Benefits brought by fine arts.
B. Harm trawling does to marine life.
C. Efforts by a fisherman to protect sea life.
D. Attempts by artists to preserve biodiversity.
D
Human beings are not alone in having invented vaccination, while honeybees got there first and they can run what look like vaccination programmes, which has been confirmed by Gyan Harwood of the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.
Queen bees vaccinate their eggs before they are laid. But the question is how the queen receives her antigen supply, for she lives purely on royal jelly, a substance secreted by nurse bees when they are in the life stage of feeding the young. Dr Harwood wondered if the nurses combined the royal jelly they produced with pieces from pathogens they had consumed while eating something brought in from outside.
To test this idea, they collected about 150 nurse bees and divided them among six queenless mini hives equipped with the young to look after. They fed the nurses on sugar-water, and for three of the hives they added Paenibacillus larvae, a bacterium causing a disease, to sugar-water.
Dr Harwood and Dr Salmela labeled the bacteria with a certain dye, to make them easy to track. And, sure enough, microscope confirmed that Paenibacillus larvae were getting into royal jelly secreted by those bees which had been fed with the sugar-water. Moreover, examination of this royal jelly revealed higher levels of defensive substance, compared with royal jelly from bees that had not been mixed with Paenibacillus larvae. This substance is thought to help bee immune systems fight against bacterial infections.
All told, these findings suggest that nurse bees are indeed, via their royal jelly, passing antigens on to the queen, then into eggs. They also mean, because the young receive royal jelly for the first few days after they hatch, the nurses are giving the young the second antigens. Each young bee is therefore being vaccinated twice.
22. What puzzled Dr Harwood from paragraph 2
A. What the royal jelly consists of.
B. Where nurse bees receive pathogens.
C. How the antigen come into the queen bees' bodies.
D. Whether honeybees run vaccination earlier than man.
23. How did Dr Harwood develop his experiment
A. By dividing bees into different roles.
B. By keeping track of the special bacterium.
C. By changing the components of royal jelly.
D. By observing nurse bees' different behaviors.
24. What can we infer according to the results of the experiment
A. Nurse bees are the key to vaccination for bee group.
B. The nurse bees pass the antigen only to the queen.
C. Bacteria-used royal jelly has fewer defense substances.
D. Two vaccinations are given to young bees by caregivers directly.
25. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A pet guide. B. A social website.
C. An official document. D. A medical magazine.
第二节 七选五阅读(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The effects of working while attending school or college
Youths working while in school or college seems like a tradition in many countries and the trend is growing. A recent study has found that 80% of students in some countries have at least a part time job during their study years.
Why do students look for employment _____26_____ Education costs are high, and college tuitions have grown considerably during the last few years. Moreover, parents also contribute less toward covering the education costs of their children, which means students must earn their own money while studying.
Having a job during school or college years affects the students’ personal and academic lives. First of all, employed students have less free time and, as a result, they can’t be around their family or friends as often as they would want. They lack sleep and are more stressed, and they may even develop health problems. Furthermore, student employment also impacts academic performance. A new research shows that students working more than 20 hours a week have lower grades than those who work less or not at all. ___27___
However, the benefits of student employment are also notable. It seems that employed students tend to be more engaged in academic activities than those who do not work, probably because they have developed a higher sense of responsibility.
___28___ Firstly, fresh graduates who already have work experience gained during their study years have better chances of landing a job. Employers usually prefer to hire a graduate with workplace experience, because they needn’t spend too much time and resources to train the new employee. Secondly, studies show that working learners are more likely to move into a managerial position soon after graduating. _____29_____ As they try different jobs during their school years, they are more aware of their job preferences and target field, and thus far less confused than fresh graduates who have never worked.
To sum up, because of financial difficulties, many youths look for employment while attending school or college, and this can have positive or negative effects on their lives.
___30___ In this way, employed students can gain noteworthy advantages in terms of career path after they graduate.
A. The main cause is financial pressure.
B. Student employment has an effect on future careers as well.
C. The government has increased funding for higher education.
D. They state that the job limits the number of classes they can take.
E. Employed students know what type of work field would be best fit for them.
F. Finally, employed students develop a better appreciation of the career path to pursue.
G. So guidance should be given to help them keep a proper balance between study and work.
第四部分 语言知识运用(满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。
It was a cold November morning. My alarm clock had just ____31____ off but I was having trouble getting out of bed.
My Dad, who had been my hero growing up, had passed away a few weeks before, leaving me weighed down by____32____ and depression. Dad loved me. Still, he had been raised in a(n)____33____way and raised us that way too. I couldn't remember, for example, ever being ____34____ by him after I grew up. Before his____35____， we talked more, but still____36____ touched and never hugged. Then, his health began to rapidly ____37____ and within a few months he left us.
That morning, I was too numb ( 麻木的) inside myself to ____38____ anything. I kept thinking what I would have ____39____ in exchange for just one last hug from him. Sad and weak,I was unable to gather ____40____ to get up. When I finally did and ____41____ out, my son, rushing to meet me, suddenly,____42____ his arms and gave me a heart-felt hug. Meanwhile, my Dad's ____43____ rang deep inside me,“Joey，this hug is from me!” Tears welled up in my eyes." Right then, I realized I couldn't ____44____ on life.
Life can seem very long but in truth it is so ____45____ that we can never afford to miss a dearest hug!
31. A. taken B. gone C. come D. set
32. A. anxiety B. surprise C. sadness D. curiosity
33. A. single-handed B. open-minded C. cold-blooded D. old-fashioned
34. A. criticized B. loved C. hugged D. cheered
35. A. treatment B. return C. retirement D. death
36. A. rarely B. instantly C. regularly D. usually
37. A. improve B. recover C. restore D. fail
38. A. understand B. feel C. see D. say
39. A. given B. lost C. bought D. got
40. A. attention B. speed C. strength D. support
41. A. walked B. cried C. climbed D. slipped
42. A. waved B. opened C. crossed D. raised
43. A. sound B. comment C. voice D. scream
44. A. drop in B. cut down C. miss out D. give up
45. A. brief B. precious C. different D. significant
第二节 单词填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
根据英汉提示或句意填空。
46. China’s leaders __________ (强调) the need for increased co-operation between Third World countries in the past decades.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
47. Our plans need to be __________(灵活的，可变通的) enough to cater for the needs of everyone. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
48. It is said that body language _________ (占) 55 per cent of the first impression while what you say just 7 per cent. （根据中文提示填空）
49. Raising animals was only ________(次要的) to other forms of farming. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
50. These health care products are __________ at the old people. (根据句意单词拼写)
51. In v__________ of his health state, the doctor made a special diet for him. (根据首字母单词拼写)
52. Some of my r__________ customers turned up, saw what was going on and left without having a drink. (根据首字母单词拼写)
53. He asked several questions __________ (concern) the future of the company. (所给词的适当形式填空)
54. Some hospital patients experience high levels of ________ (anxious). （所给词的适当形式填空）
55. __________ (base) on a true story, the book tells about a boy named Auggie, who was born with misshapen face. (所给词的适当形式填空)
第三节 短文填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
语法填空
Amazon is publishing a new and improved Kindle. It’s ____56____ (thin) and lighter than the former one, and has a rounded design that makes it easier for one ____57____ (hold) it with one hand. But what’s most interesting is its characters for ____58____ blind.
The previous fourth-generation Kindle Touch, which ____59____ (come) out in 2011, has speakers, headphone jacks, and text-to-speech functions. It is the last Kindle ____60____ is accessible to those who have trouble seeing text. When Amazon updated its LCD-screen Fire tablets, the company removed the audio character from the Kindle’s e-reader line, thus ____61____ (make) it inaccessible to blind users.
The new Kindle will come with Bluetooth wireless technology. Much like Amazon’s voice-controlled Echo, the new Kindle reads e-books aloud when ____62____ (connect) to bluetooth headphones or speakers. How easy it will be for blind people to pair the Kindle with a bluetooth audio device will ____63____ (true) determine its accessibility. According to Amazon, the new Kindle may have no____64____ (difficult) in pairing with bluetooth, as long as the host device has good text-to-speech technology, such as a built-in screen reader.
_____65_____ Amazon isn’t the only e-book seller choice for blind people, it has a majority share of the US e-book market, according to The journal.
第五部分 作文(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，正在新西兰读书。你的好友Fred发来邮件，邀请你参与学校音乐节的策划工作。现在请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 感谢邀请；
2. 询问相关信息：策划工作的时间、地点及音乐会主题等；
3. 推荐中国传统音乐。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Fred,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
