陕西师大附中2023-2024学年度第一学期期末
高二年级英语试题
第一部分 听力（满分共30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. What does the man do
A. A computer technician. B. A hotel receptionist. C. A shop assistant.
2. Where does the conversation take place
A. At the grocer’s. B. At the tailor’s. C. At the laundry’s.
3. How did the speakers come to Seattle
A. By plane. B. By car. C. By train.
4. What will the speakers have for dinner today
A. Fried rice. B. Noodles. C. Steak.
5. How is Sophie feeling now
A. Confused. B. Worried. C. Disappointed.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What does the man want to do before noon
A. Post a letter. B. Make a card. C. Write an email.
7 Whose birthday is it
A. Richard’s. B. Sarah’s. C. Vera’s.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What course does Professor Brooks teach
A. Public Speaking. B. European History. C. English Literature.
9. Why does Vicky come to talk with Professor Brooks
A. To sign up for his course.
B. To ask for a make-up test.
C. To discuss her homework.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. What does Linda do for plays and shows
A. She gives actors advice.
B. She assigns roles to actors.
C. She designs actors’ clothes.
11. What does Linda need to research
A. The setting of the story.
B. The decoration of the stage.
C. The name s of the characters.
12. Who does Linda report her work to
A. The director. B. The editor. C. The photographer.
13. What does Linda say about her job
A. It pays very well. B. It requires team effort. C. It involves frequent travel.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. What does Kevin think of abstract art
A. It has lasting artistic value.
B. It makes little sense to him.
C. It appeals mainly to children.
15. What impression did the first painting give the woman
A. Hopefulness. B. Nervousness. C. Coldness.
16. What color was used for the background in the second painting
A. Green. B. Purple. C. Red.
17. What will Kevin probably do this Saturday
A. Attend an art class. B. Visit an exhibition. C. Buy an abstract painting.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. What caused the closure of Pittwater Road
A. A fallen tree. B. A flooded river. C. A car accident.
19. What happened at Town Hall Station
A. A police officer got hurt.
B. A passenger went missing.
C. The station roof was broken.
20. What are road users advised to do
A. Drive at low speed. B. Postpone their trips. C. Follow traffic signs.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Italy is a country that cannot be missed on your travel bucket list.
Things to Do in Italy
Owning 50 UNESCO approved World Cultural Heritage Sites, Italy is honored around the world for its ancient civilization and art. Being the epitome (典范) of the western art and culture, this remarkable land gave birth to the Renaissance, which affected the whole Europe, and obviously every corner of Italy bears a long history. Men are crazy about Italian football, while ladies can’t move their eyes away from Italian fashion. Moreover, the world famous Italian cuisine will also delight you. Our Italy vacation packages could cover all these absorbing aspects.
Best Time to Go
Italy has a diverse climate, with continental climate in the north and Mediterranean climate in the south.
In summer, most areas in Italy are extremely hot, with the highest temperature over 35℃. Usually, the high temperature starts from the end of June and lasts till August. August is the national holiday month. Many Italian families will spend their holidays in coastal cities.
During the winter time, the northern Italy is relatively cold and accompanied by heavy snows. Many people will stay indoors. But it is highly recommended to go skiing and enjoy the snow-covered landscape of the mountains. The southern and island areas are relatively warm, with an average temperature of about 15℃.
Generally speaking, the best time to take Italy tours is spring from April to June and autumn from September to October.
Visa for Italy Tours
Italy is a Schengen country (申根国家) and international travelers can enter Italy with an available Schengen visa issued by any Schengen country. Travelers holding American, Canadian, Australian passports, and citizens of European Union (EU) countries are allowed to stay up to 90 days without a visa.
Currency & Payment in Italy
Italy uses the European Union’s common currency Euro (?). Visa, MasterCard, JCB, etc. are widely accepted. But for tobacco purchases, only cash is accepted. Some supermarkets do not support credit card payment.
1. What greatly appeals to female visitors in Italy
A. History. B. Football. C. Fashion. D. Cuisine.
2. What is advised to do in the winter of Italy
A. Go skiing in the north.
B. Join in some indoor activities.
C. Enjoy family holidays in coastal cities.
D. Climb snow covered mountains on islands.
3. Who can stay in Italy for three months
A. A traveler with a Chinese passport.
B. Any international traveler with a visa.
C. Any person living in Canada for many years.
D. A citizen from an EU country without a visa.
B
It was October 2005, and the catastrophic earthquake killing some 79,000 people in Pakistan had reduced the valley to mud and ruins.
Yasmeen Lari, a 65-year-old architect, was there to help lead the reconstruction of settlements, but she had never done disaster work before. Lari was known for designing smooth towers of glass and concrete. But here, she’d be drawing plans for earthquake-resistant homes using stone and timber debris(木材碎片). With each passing day, she felt deeply right to do disaster-relief work. So she made it her new mission, spending the next four months working with volunteer architects and engineers from Pakistan and abroad.
Inspired by local buildings made with sustainable materials such as timber debris, bamboo and mud, Lari’s shelters can better withstand disasters. Lari says this local, cost-effective and zero-carbon approach is creating an ecosystem. Anyone can learn by watching DIY videos on Lari’s Zero Carbon Channel on YouTube.
The design won a UN World Habitat Prize in 2018.“We need to believe in people’s capacity to bring about change. I treat displaced people as partners, not victims. They know what to do,” says Lari.
Over the decades, Yasmeen Lari has won many awards as architect and environmentalist. While it may seem like an unlikely path for a girl who was born into a well-to-do family in1941, she had an unconventional upbringing. At home, her father would talk about the desperate need for housing. Listening to her father talk about the housing crisis and need for architects made an impression on Lari. On a family visit to London when she was 15, she applied to architecture school at Oxford Brookes University. She laughs as she recalls her bravery.
At age 83, Yasmeen Lari is still full of ideas about zero-carbon designs, skills building and self-sustaining villages. “Architects can no longer work for just the one percent,” she says. “That doesn’t allow them to serve humanity as much as they could.”
4. What can we learn about Lari from the first two paragraphs
A. She felt considerably proud to do disaster-relief work.
B. She started a brand-new volunteer working experience.
C. She was good at designing earthquake-resistant houses.
D. She reconstructed the settlements with glass and concrete.
5. How did Lari make her design practical and environmental
A. By creating an ecosystem.
B. By strengthening local buildings.
C. By using local sustainable materials.
D. By watching DIY videos on YouTube.
6. Why did Lari decide to apply to architecture school
A. Her interest in architecture drove her.
B. Her father encouraged her to path unusual.
C. Her father talked about the demand for architects.
D. Her rich family allowed her to pursue the most of dream.
7. Which of the following best describes Yasmeen Lari
A. Sensitive and brave.
B. Determined and cooperative.
C Honest and generous.
D. Sympathetic and eco-responsible.
C
Transport is undergoing a massive transformation so it can meet society’s demands for a low- carbon economy. Introducing electric vehicles (EV) and declining gasoline use are helping, but zero-carbon hydrogen can speed up both the transition (转变) and long-term decarbonization of transport.
In the US, transportation produces the largest share of all greenhouse gas emissions (排放) in the economy at 29%, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. More than 90% of transport fuel is petrol based, but if more vehicles used hydrogen, emissions of this kind would plummet.
However, hydrogen is not considered an ideal replacement for gasoline as an engine fuel for cars because it is harder to store safely. And while fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) that turn hydrogen into electricity can compete with EV performance-and even out-compete them on range and refill time, extra energy is needed to produce the hydrogen needed for fuel. Also, finding investment for storage, pipelines and fuel stations is still a challenge for many nations.
Currently, governments worldwide are backing green hydrogen projects to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in heavy industries like freight (货运), steel, and energy storage. But hydrogen transport will need rapid production methods to create the fuel needed for the world’s road fleet.
Thankfully, research is advancing all the time. Nanoscale (纳米级的) thin films are applied to improving the chemical process to rapidly harvest hydrogen from the seawater. The same technology has been successfully used in solar power devices with higher efficiency-to-cost rates. Since hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe and as seawater makes up about 96% of all water on Earth, there is a virtually limitless supply.
Even wastewater and solid waste can create green hydrogen. Researchers at Princeton University are using sunlight to separate hydrogen from industrial wastewater. Chemical plants that currently face high costs for cleaning wastewater could transform it into clean hydrogen supplies.
8. What does the underlined word “plummet” mean in Paragraph 2
A. Stop. B. Decrease. C. Continue. D. Disappear.
9. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A. Ways of storing hydrogen safely.
B. Benefits of fuel cell electric vehicles.
C. Challenges of using hydrogen as car fuel.
D. Differences between gasoline and hydrogen.
10. What makes it more efficient to get hydrogen from the ocean
A. The application of solar power devices.
B. The method of identifying water elements.
C. The invention. of the water transport system.
D. The use of the nanoscale thin-film technology.
11. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text
A. Clean Energy Hydrogen Ready to Take Off
B. Traditional Fuels Bound to Reach a Dead End
C. How We Can Generate Energy from Hydrogen
D. What the Future of Transportation May Be Like
D
The Stanford marshmallow (棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connection between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success.
As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We’re not tempted by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets — all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.
We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value — a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat.
A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now ceaselessly bombarded (轰炸) with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.
12. What did the children need to do to get a second treat in Mischel’s test
A. Take an examination alone. B. Share their treats with others.
C. Delay eating for fifteen minutes. D. Show respect for the researchers.
13. According to Paragraph 3, there is a mismatch between_______.
A. the calorie-poor world and our good appetites B. the shortage of sugar and our nutritional needs
C. the tempting foods and our efforts to keep fit D. the rich food supply and our unchanged brains
14 What does the author suggest readers do
A. Be selective information consumers. B. Absorb new information readily.
C. Use diverse information sources. D. Protect the information environment.
15. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Eat Less, Read More B. The Later, the Better
C. The Marshmallow Test for Grownups D. The Bitter Truth about Early Humans
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A diverse workforce consists of people from all walks of life. These are employees who will view the world differently, and who will apply their personal experience to contribute unique viewpoints which can benefit your company. ____16____ There are still more real and immediate benefits of diversity in the workplace.
When employees with different viewpoints come together, everyone shares a slightly different approach to the job and the problem at hand. And that’s a benefit, as far as your success is concerned. ____17____ They’re diverse too, after all.
Meanwhile, workplace diversity boosts creativity. Think about it this way: sameness causes sameness. If you only hire employees coming from similar cultures and socioeconomic circumstances, you’re limiting the creativity and innovation of your company. ____18____
In general, people like to fit in, so they are careful not to stick their necks out. When in a strong, homogenous (同种类的) culture, they prevent the natural cognitive (认知的) diversity in groups through the pressure to follow the majority. ____19____ No matter who they are or where they come from, this inclusiveness helps them break down barriers and reduce the fear of being rejected.
____20____ A diverse workforce gives you a diverse and global perspective — a point of view rich in incredible slight differences in human experience and culture — and that means you will have a greater chance of expanding into more diverse markets, both at home and abroad.
A. And this just doesn’t end there.
B. Similarly, different voices will contribute to diversity.
C. Actually, diversity should be a major goal for every company.
D. A diverse workforce also gives you better insights into your customers.
E. But a workplace culture of diversity helps your employees feel included.
F. Beyond that, diversity can help you successfully develop your business globally.
G. On the contrary, employees from diverse backgrounds will bring diverse solutions.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节：满30分）
第一节（共15小题，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first time we ____21____ there, we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike making its way down the hill towards us. It was a neighbor called Mario, coming to ____22____ us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine. It was a very nice ____23____ for him to make. But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were ____24____ because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, shiny things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was ____25____, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it. These can’t be any good we thought. But we were ____26____ his kindness, so we tried them.
What we discovered is that it’s ____27____ to judge what you eat only by its ____28____. Those tomatoes had ____29____ that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. Nowadays supermarket tomatoes look perfect but taste of water. Nobody’s going to have a(n) _____30_____ memory of those. It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones so that they can _____31_____ them easily. Mario’s wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle, but it was _____32_____.
It’s good to eat things at the correct time, when they’re _____33_____, and as close as possible to where they were _____34_____. What Mario had _____35_____ us was the taste of the Garfagnana.
21. A. departed B. occupied C. camped D. stayed
22. A. bring B. send C. recommend D. promote
23. A. choice B. comment C. proposal D. gesture
24. A. worried B. depressed C. thrilled D. discouraged
25. A. bold B. spicy C. cloudy D. strong
26. A. sympathetic to B. thankful for C. cautious about D. interested in
27. A. unnecessary B. uncertain C. unwise D. unusual
28. A. appearance B. texture C. origin D. price
29. A. size B. shape C. color D. taste
30. A. happy B. vivid C. exceptional D. amazing
31. A. clean B. check C. count D. pack
32. A. perfect B. nutritious C. convenient D. familiar
33. A. on view B. on sale C. in season D. in need
34. A. finished B. preserved C. found D. grown
35. A. cooked B. given C. bought D. told
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
FUJIAN cuisine originated from southeast China’s Fujian Province and gradually absorbed the cooking style of the migrants from the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
____36____ (know) as a province with numerous mountains on China’s southeast coast, Fujian is rich ____37____ natural food resources. With a 3,752-kilometer-long coastline and over 2,000 islands, it has an abundant supply of fish, shellfish, and other sea products, which provide rich various food ingredients. Fujian cuisine, accordingly, is noted for woodland delicacies and seafood ____38____ (delight) , while trying ____39____ (preserve) the original flavor of the main ingredients that is light ____40____ delicious, fresh, and not oily in general.
Fujian cuisine has some distinctive features. First local chefs are ____41____ (skill) at knife techniques and can cut food into hair-thin slices. Second, with ____42____ large amount of seafood in the local people’s diet, they love to cook various kinds of soups with seafood. Third, ____43____ is known that they can make good use of unique spices, which create various tastes. Fourth, all ingredients ____44____ (choose) from nutritious foods that are artistically decorated in plates. Representative Fujian dishes include boiled sea clams in chicken soup, lychee pork, and fried duck in Shacha sauce.
In ancient times, many Fujian people made a living working abroad in Southeast Asia as expatriates (侨民), therefore _____45_____(gradual) taking many other elements into their dietary custom.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 学校倡议同学养成健康饮食习惯，远离不健康食品。请你以“My healthy eating habits”为题，写一篇倡议书！
内容包括：
1. 你的饮食是否健康；
2. 你的不良饮食习惯及如何改正坏习惯；
3. 总结你的观点。
要求：80词左右，书写工整。
My healthy eating habits
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When Michael Martin was going to do his normal shopping at a Smart & Final store in Sacramento, California with his family, curiosity made him stop in front of a man sitting outside. It’s no wonder to see some homeless people outside different stores, but this man seemed different. He was sitting on his sleeping bag with his resumes (简历) and a sign that read “need work and food”.
The man was named Frederic Callison, 52 and a former cook. He came to Sacramento two years ago from Washington in the hope of getting a job as a cook. His plans were stopped and he ended up in this unexpected way ever since. Smart & Final allowed him to stay near the store, as he helped them to push carts for free.
But he would not like to ask for money like most of the homeless people. Instead, he decided to use the place as an active job-hunting to change his difficult circumstances. So he made the sign. This was not just words, as his Social Security number and ID were also kept handy. All the documents showed his serious intentions to find work.
Martin was amazed by such preparations and asked the man for his resumes. Without hesitation, Callison handed one to him. The resume, which was well-written and had a striking resume headline, claimed that he was a fine cook. Then he began telling Martin about his qualification and work experiences. It was like a real interview, but not so intense and strict.
Martin was impressed and inspired by Callison’s will and efforts to work. He totally understood the situation of Callison. Efforts and determination of Callison were worth respect, as it was really a difficult goal.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Michael Martin decided to do what he could to help the homeless man.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Callison was really grateful for such an opportunity.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________陕西师大附中2023-2024学年度第一学期期末
高二年级英语试题
第一部分 听力（满分共30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. What does the man do
A. A computer technician. B. A hotel receptionist. C. A shop assistant.
2. Where does the conversation take place
A. At the grocer’s. B. At the tailor’s. C. At the laundry’s.
3. How did the speakers come to Seattle
A. By plane. B. By car. C. By train.
4. What will the speakers have for dinner today
A. Fried rice. B. Noodles. C. Steak.
5. How is Sophie feeling now
A. Confused. B. Worried. C. Disappointed.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What does the man want to do before noon
A. Post a letter. B. Make a card. C. Write an email.
7. Whose birthday is it
A. Richard’s. B. Sarah’s. C. Vera’s.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What course does Professor Brooks teach
A. Public Speaking. B. European History. C. English Literature.
9. Why does Vicky come to talk with Professor Brooks
A. To sign up for his course.
B. To ask for a make-up test.
C. To discuss her homework.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. What does Linda do for plays and shows
A. She gives actors advice.
B. She assigns roles to actors.
C. She designs actors’ clothes.
11. What does Linda need to research
A. The setting of the story.
B. The decoration of the stage.
C. The name s of the characters.
12. Who does Linda report her work to
A. The director. B. The editor. C. The photographer.
13. What does Linda say about her job
A. It pays very well. B. It requires team effort. C. It involves frequent travel.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. What does Kevin think of abstract art
A. It has lasting artistic value.
B. It makes little sense to him.
C. It appeals mainly to children.
15. What impression did the first painting give the woman
A. Hopefulness. B. Nervousness. C. Coldness.
16. What color was used for the background in the second painting
A. Green. B. Purple. C. Red.
17. What will Kevin probably do this Saturday
A. Attend an art class. B. Visit an exhibition. C. Buy an abstract painting.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. What caused the closure of Pittwater Road
A. A fallen tree. B. A flooded river. C. A car accident.
19. What happened at Town Hall Station
A. A police officer got hurt.
B. A passenger went missing.
C. The station roof was broken.
20. What are road users advised to do
A. Drive at low speed. B. Postpone their trips. C. Follow traffic signs.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Italy is a country that cannot be missed on your travel bucket list.
Things to Do in Italy
Owning 50 UNESCO approved World Cultural Heritage Sites, Italy is honored around the world for its ancient civilization and art. Being the epitome (典范) of the western art and culture, this remarkable land gave birth to the Renaissance, which affected the whole Europe, and obviously every corner of Italy bears a long history. Men are crazy about Italian football, while ladies can’t move their eyes away from Italian fashion. Moreover, the world famous Italian cuisine will also delight you. Our Italy vacation packages could cover all these absorbing aspects.
Best Time to Go
Italy has a diverse climate, with continental climate in the north and Mediterranean climate in the south.
In summer, most areas in Italy are extremely hot, with the highest temperature over 35℃. Usually, the high temperature starts from the end of June and lasts till August. August is the national holiday month. Many Italian families will spend their holidays in coastal cities.
During the winter time, the northern Italy is relatively cold and accompanied by heavy snows. Many people will stay indoors. But it is highly recommended to go skiing and enjoy the snow-covered landscape of the mountains. The southern and island areas are relatively warm, with an average temperature of about 15℃.
Generally speaking, the best time to take Italy tours is spring from April to June and autumn from September to October.
Visa for Italy Tours
Italy is a Schengen country (申根国家), and international travelers can enter Italy with an available Schengen visa issued by any Schengen country. Travelers holding American, Canadian, Australian passports, and citizens of European Union (EU) countries are allowed to stay up to 90 days without a visa.
Currency & Payment in Italy
Italy uses the European Union’s common currency Euro (?). Visa, MasterCard, JCB, etc. are widely accepted. But for tobacco purchases, only cash is accepted. Some supermarkets do not support credit card payment.
1. What greatly appeals to female visitors in Italy
A. History. B. Football. C. Fashion. D. Cuisine.
2. What is advised to do in the winter of Italy
A. Go skiing in the north.
B. Join in some indoor activities.
C. Enjoy family holidays in coastal cities.
D. Climb snow covered mountains on islands.
3. Who can stay in Italy for three months
A. A traveler with a Chinese passport.
B. Any international traveler with a visa.
C. Any person living in Canada for many years.
D. A citizen from an EU country without a visa.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍意大利旅游的相关事项。
【详解】1. 理解理解题。根据Things to Do in Italy部分的“while ladies can’t move their eyes away from Italian fashion.(而女士们却无法将目光从意大利时尚上移开。)”可知，意大利的时尚对女性游客有很大的吸引力。故选C项。
2. 理解理解题。根据Best Time to Go部分的“During the winter time, the northern Italy is relatively cold and accompanied by heavy snows… But it is highly recommended to go skiing(在冬季，意大利北部相对寒冷，并伴随着大雪。但是我们强烈推荐去滑雪)”可知，在意大利的冬季，建议游客到北部去滑雪。故选A项。
3. 理解理解题。根据Visa for Italy Tours部分的“citizens of European Union (EU) countries are allowed to stay up to 90 days without a visa.(欧盟（EU）国家的公民可没有签证最多逗留90天。)”可知，一位没有签证的来自欧盟国家的公民是可以在意大利待三个月的。故选D项。
B
It was October 2005, and the catastrophic earthquake killing some 79,000 people in Pakistan had reduced the valley to mud and ruins.
Yasmeen Lari, a 65-year-old architect, was there to help lead the reconstruction of settlements, but she had never done disaster work before. Lari was known for designing smooth towers of glass and concrete. But here, she’d be drawing plans for earthquake-resistant homes using stone and timber debris(木材碎片). With each passing day, she felt deeply right to do disaster-relief work. So she made it her new mission, spending the next four months working with volunteer architects and engineers from Pakistan and abroad.
Inspired by local buildings made with sustainable materials such as timber debris, bamboo and mud, Lari’s shelters can better withstand disasters. Lari says this local, cost-effective and zero-carbon approach is creating an ecosystem. Anyone can learn by watching DIY videos on Lari’s Zero Carbon Channel on YouTube.
The design won a UN World Habitat Prize in 2018.“We need to believe in people’s capacity to bring about change. I treat displaced people as partners, not victims. They know what to do,” says Lari.
Over the decades, Yasmeen Lari has won many awards as architect and environmentalist. While it may seem like an unlikely path for a girl who was born into a well-to-do family in1941, she had an unconventional upbringing. At home, her father would talk about the desperate need for housing. Listening to her father talk about the housing crisis and need for architects made an impression on Lari. On a family visit to London when she was 15, she applied to architecture school at Oxford Brookes University. She laughs as she recalls her bravery.
At age 83, Yasmeen Lari is still full of ideas about zero-carbon designs, skills building and self-sustaining villages. “Architects can no longer work for just the one percent,” she says. “That doesn’t allow them to serve humanity as much as they could.”
4. What can we learn about Lari from the first two paragraphs
A. She felt considerably proud to do disaster-relief work.
B. She started a brand-new volunteer working experience.
C. She was good at designing earthquake-resistant houses.
D. She reconstructed the settlements with glass and concrete.
5. How did Lari make her design practical and environmental
A. By creating an ecosystem.
B. By strengthening local buildings.
C By using local sustainable materials.
D By watching DIY videos on YouTube.
6. Why did Lari decide to apply to architecture school
A. Her interest in architecture drove her.
B. Her father encouraged her to path unusual.
C. Her father talked about the demand for architects.
D. Her rich family allowed her to pursue the most of dream.
7. Which of the following best describes Yasmeen Lari
A. Sensitive and brave.
B. Determined and cooperative.
C. Honest and generous.
D. Sympathetic and eco-responsible.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了巴基斯坦女性建筑师Yasmeen Lari努力改进村庄的房屋设计以更好地抵御自然灾害，突显其体恤村民和倡导环保的精神。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“It was October 2005, and the catastrophic earthquake killing some 79,000 people in Pakistan had reduced the valley to mud and ruins.(那是2005年10月，巴基斯坦发生了灾难性的地震，造成约7.9万人死亡，山谷变成了泥泞和废墟。)”以及第二段中“But here, she’d be drawing plans for earthquake-resistant homes using stone and timber debris(木材碎片). With each passing day, she felt deeply right to do disaster-relief work. So she made it her new mission, spending the next four months working with volunteer architects and engineers from Pakistan and abroad.( 但在这里，她会用石头和木屑来设计抗震房屋。每过一天，她都深深感到做救灾工作是正确的。因此，她把它作为自己的新任务，在接下来的四个月里，她与来自巴基斯坦和国外的志愿者建筑师和工程师一起工作。)”可知，在巴基斯坦发生了灾难性的地震之后，Lari会用石头和木屑来设计抗震房屋，她把它作为自己的新任务，在接下来的四个月里，她与来自巴基斯坦和国外的志愿者建筑师和工程师一起工作，由此可知，Lai开始了一段全新的志愿者工作经历。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Inspired by local buildings made with sustainable materials such as timber debris, bamboo and mud, Lari’s shelters can better withstand disasters. (受到当地用木材碎片、竹子和泥土等可持续材料建造的建筑的启发，拉里的避难所可以更好地抵御灾害。)”可知，Lari设计的房屋就地取材，低成本、零碳，实用环保即这些材料是可持续的材料。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“Listening to her father talk about the housing crisis and need for architects made an impression on Lari. On a family visit to London when she was 15, she applied to architecture school at Oxford Brookes University. (听父亲谈论住房危机和对建筑师的需求给拉里留下了深刻的印象。15岁时随家人去伦敦旅游，她申请了牛津布鲁克斯大学(Oxford brooks University)的建筑学院。)”可知，Lari申请建筑学院的原因是因为听父亲谈论住房危机和对建筑师的需求给其留下了深刻的印象。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“At age 83, Yasmeen Lari is still full of ideas about zero-carbon designs, skills building and self-sustaining villages.( 83岁高龄的Yasmeen Lari仍然对零碳设计、技能培养和自给自足的村庄充满了想法。)”以及““Architects can no longer work for just the one percent,” she says. “That doesn’t allow them to serve humanity as much as they could.”(“建筑师不能再只为那1%的人工作了，”她说。“这让他们无法尽其所能为人类服务。”)”可知，Yasmeen Lari仍然对零碳设计、技能培养和自给自足的村庄充满了想法以及她认为建筑师应该尽全力为所有人服务，故体现出她是富有同情心和环保意识的。故选D。
C
Transport is undergoing a massive transformation so it can meet society’s demands for a low- carbon economy. Introducing electric vehicles (EV) and declining gasoline use are helping, but zero-carbon hydrogen can speed up both the transition (转变) and long-term decarbonization of transport.
In the US, transportation produces the largest share of all greenhouse gas emissions (排放) in the economy at 29%, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. More than 90% of transport fuel is petrol based, but if more vehicles used hydrogen, emissions of this kind would plummet.
However, hydrogen is not considered an ideal replacement for gasoline as an engine fuel for cars because it is harder to store safely. And while fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) that turn hydrogen into electricity can compete with EV performance-and even out-compete them on range and refill time, extra energy is needed to produce the hydrogen needed for fuel. Also, finding investment for storage, pipelines and fuel stations is still a challenge for many nations.
Currently, governments worldwide are backing green hydrogen projects to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in heavy industries like freight (货运), steel, and energy storage. But hydrogen transport will need rapid production methods to create the fuel needed for the world’s road fleet.
Thankfully, research is advancing all the time. Nanoscale (纳米级的) thin films are applied to improving the chemical process to rapidly harvest hydrogen from the seawater. The same technology has been successfully used in solar power devices with higher efficiency-to-cost rates. Since hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe and as seawater makes up about 96% of all water on Earth, there is a virtually limitless supply.
Even wastewater and solid waste can create green hydrogen. Researchers at Princeton University are using sunlight to separate hydrogen from industrial wastewater. Chemical plants that currently face high costs for cleaning wastewater could transform it into clean hydrogen supplies.
8. What does the underlined word “plummet” mean in Paragraph 2
A. Stop. B. Decrease. C. Continue. D. Disappear.
9. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A. Ways of storing hydrogen safely.
B. Benefits of fuel cell electric vehicles.
C. Challenges of using hydrogen as car fuel.
D Differences between gasoline and hydrogen.
10. What makes it more efficient to get hydrogen from the ocean
A. The application of solar power devices.
B. The method of identifying water elements.
C. The invention. of the water transport system.
D. The use of the nanoscale thin-film technology.
11. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text
A. Clean Energy Hydrogen Ready to Take Off
B. Traditional Fuels Bound to Reach a Dead End
C. How We Can Generate Energy from Hydrogen
D. What the Future of Transportation May Be Like
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了清洁能源氢气的开发和利用情况。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“More than 90% of transport fuel is petrol based, but if more vehicles used hydrogen(超过90%的交通燃料是以汽油为基础的，但如果更多的车辆使用氢)”可知，如果使用氢气的话温室气体排放量会“下降”。由此可知，划线词的意思是“下降”。故选B项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“However, hydrogen is not considered an ideal replacement for gasoline as an engine fuel for cars because it is harder to store safely.(然而，氢并不被认为是汽油作为汽车发动机燃料的理想替代品，因为氢更难安全储存)”和“Also, finding investment for storage, pipelines and fuel stations is still a challenge for many nations.(此外，为储存、管道和燃料站寻找投资对许多国家来说仍然是一个挑战)”可知，本段主要讲了使用氢作为汽车燃料的挑战。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的Thankfully, research is advancing all the time. Nanoscale (纳米级的) thin films are applied to improving the chemical process to rapidly harvest hydrogen from the seawater.(值得庆幸的是，研究一直在进步。纳米薄膜被应用于改善化学过程，以快速从海水中获取氢气)”可知，采用纳米级薄膜技术使得从海洋中获取氢气更有效。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Introducing electric vehicles (EV) and declining gasoline use are helping, but zero-carbon hydrogen can speed up both the transition (转变) and long-term decarbonization of transport.(引入电动汽车（EV）和减少汽油使用是有帮助的，但零碳氢可以加快交通的转型和长期脱碳)”及下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了清洁能源氢气的开发和利用情况。由此可知，选项A“清洁能源氢准备起飞”适合用作文章标题。故选A项。
D
The Stanford marshmallow (棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connection between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success.
As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We’re not tempted by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets — all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.
We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value — a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat.
A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now ceaselessly bombarded (轰炸) with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.
12. What did the children need to do to get a second treat in Mischel’s test
A. Take an examination alone. B. Share their treats with others.
C. Delay eating for fifteen minutes. D. Show respect for the researchers.
13. According to Paragraph 3, there is a mismatch between_______.
A. the calorie-poor world and our good appetites B. the shortage of sugar and our nutritional needs
C. the tempting foods and our efforts to keep fit D. the rich food supply and our unchanged brains
14. What does the author suggest readers do
A. Be selective information consumers. B. Absorb new information readily.
C. Use diverse information sources. D. Protect the information environment.
15. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Eat Less, Read More B. The Later, the Better
C. The Marshmallow Test for Grownups D. The Bitter Truth about Early Humans
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。在信息化时代我们作为成年人每天都在面对棉花糖测试，信息轰炸让我们摄入了太多精神“垃圾食品”，文章对此进行了介绍。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat.(每个孩子都被告知，如果他们在吃之前等待15分钟，他们将得到第二次奖励)”可知，在米歇尔的测试中，孩子们需要在吃之前等待15分钟才能得到第二次奖励。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat.(但是，当我们重塑了我们周围的世界，大大减少了获取卡路里的成本和努力时，我们的大脑仍然和几千年前一样，这种不匹配是我们这么多人努力抵抗我们知道不应该吃的诱人食物的核心原因)”可知，丰富的食物供应和我们不曾改变的大脑之间存在不匹配。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.(因此，就像我们需要更仔细地考虑我们的热量消耗一样，我们也需要更仔细地考虑我们的信息消耗，抵制精神“垃圾食品”的诱惑，以便最有效地管理我们的时间)”可知，作者建议读者做有选择性的信息消费者。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We’re not tempted by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets — all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.(作为成年人，我们每天都要面对棉花糖测试。诱惑我们的不是甜食，而是我们的电脑、手机和平板电脑——所有这些将我们与全球信息传递系统连接起来的设备，它们对我们的作用就像棉花糖对学龄前儿童的作用一样)”结合文章主要是讲在信息化时代我们作为成年人每天都在面对棉花糖测试，信息轰炸让我们摄入了太多精神“垃圾食品”。由此可知，C选项“成人棉花糖测试”最符合文章标题。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A diverse workforce consists of people from all walks of life. These are employees who will view the world differently, and who will apply their personal experience to contribute unique viewpoints which can benefit your company. ____16____ There are still more real and immediate benefits of diversity in the workplace.
When employees with different viewpoints come together, everyone shares a slightly different approach to the job and the problem at hand. And that’s a benefit, as far as your success is concerned. ____17____ They’re diverse too, after all.
Meanwhile, workplace diversity boosts creativity. Think about it this way: sameness causes sameness. If you only hire employees coming from similar cultures and socioeconomic circumstances, you’re limiting the creativity and innovation of your company. ____18____
In general, people like to fit in, so they are careful not to stick their necks out. When in a strong, homogenous (同种类的) culture, they prevent the natural cognitive (认知的) diversity in groups through the pressure to follow the majority. ____19____ No matter who they are or where they come from, this inclusiveness helps them break down barriers and reduce the fear of being rejected.
____20____ A diverse workforce gives you a diverse and global perspective — a point of view rich in incredible slight differences in human experience and culture — and that means you will have a greater chance of expanding into more diverse markets, both at home and abroad.
A. And this just doesn’t end there.
B. Similarly, different voices will contribute to diversity.
C. Actually, diversity should be a major goal for every company.
D. A diverse workforce also gives you better insights into your customers.
E. But a workplace culture of diversity helps your employees feel included.
F. Beyond that, diversity can help you successfully develop your business globally.
G. On the contrary, employees from diverse backgrounds will bring diverse solutions.
【答案】16. A 17. D 18. G 19. E 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。多元化的劳动力队伍由各行各业的人组成，它会给你带来多元化和全球化的视角。
【16题详解】
根据空白处上文“These are employees who will view the world differently, and who will apply their personal experience to contribute unique viewpoints which can benefit your company.(这些员工会以不同的方式看待世界，他们会运用自己的个人经验来贡献独特的观点，从而使公司受益)”以及下文“There are still more real and immediate benefits of diversity in the workplace.(工作场所的多样性还有更真实和直接的好处)”可知，此处上下文说的是多元化的员工的好处，但还没说完，下文继续说，因此空白处应为上文和下文之间的过渡句，表示“还没说完”，与A项“And this just doesn’t end there(这还没有结束)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。
【17题详解】
根据下文“They’re diverse too, after all.( 毕竟，它们也是多样化的)”可知，下文的they指代空白处提到的复数名词，分析四个选项，D项“A diverse workforce also gives you better insights into your customers(多元化的员工队伍也能让您更好地了解客户)”中的“your customers(客户) ”符合语境，D项中“diverse(多元化的)”对应下文句子中的“diverse(多元化的)”，故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“If you only hire employees coming from similar cultures and socioeconomic circumstances, you’re limiting the creativity and innovation of your company.( 如果你只雇佣来自相似文化和社会经济环境的员工，你就限制了公司的创造力和创新能力)”可知，上文假设了一种相反的情况，意在说明公司应雇佣来自不同文化和背景的员工，与G项“On the contrary, employees from diverse backgrounds will bring diverse solutions(相反，来自不同背景的员工会带来不同的解决方案)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“No matter who they are or where they come from, this inclusiveness helps them break down barriers and reduce the fear of being rejected.( 无论他们是谁或来自哪里，这种包容性都有助于他们打破障碍，减少被拒绝的恐惧)”可知此处上下文说的是多元化的工作场所有利于员工感受到被包容，与E项“But a workplace culture of diversity helps your employees feel included(但多元化的工作场所文化有助于让员工感到被包容)”表达的含义一致，故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据下文“A diverse workforce gives you a diverse and global perspective — a point of view rich in incredible slight differences in human experience and culture — and that means you will have a greater chance of expanding into more diverse markets, both at home and abroad(多元化的劳动力会给你带来多元化和全球化的视角，这种视角在人类经验和文化方面有着令人难以置信的细微差异，这意味着你将有更大的机会扩展到国内外更多元化的市场)”可知，此处上下文说的是多元化有助于在全球范围内发展业务，与F项“Beyond that, diversity can help you successfully develop your business globally(除此之外，多元化可以帮助您在全球范围内成功发展业务)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节：满30分）
第一节（共15小题，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first time we ____21____ there, we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike making its way down the hill towards us. It was a neighbor called Mario, coming to ____22____ us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine. It was a very nice ____23____ for him to make. But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were ____24____ because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, shiny things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was ____25____, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it. These can’t be any good we thought. But we were ____26____ his kindness, so we tried them.
What we discovered is that it’s ____27____ to judge what you eat only by its ____28____. Those tomatoes had ____29____ that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. Nowadays supermarket tomatoes look perfect but taste of water. Nobody’s going to have a(n) _____30_____ memory of those. It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones so that they can _____31_____ them easily. Mario’s wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle, but it was _____32_____.
It’s good to eat things at the correct time when they’re _____33_____, and as close as possible to where they were _____34_____. What Mario had _____35_____ us was the taste of the Garfagnana.
21. A. departed B. occupied C. camped D. stayed
22. A. bring B. send C. recommend D. promote
23. A. choice B. comment C. proposal D. gesture
24. A. worried B. depressed C. thrilled D. discouraged
25. A. bold B. spicy C. cloudy D. strong
26. A. sympathetic to B. thankful for C. cautious about D. interested in
27. A. unnecessary B. uncertain C. unwise D. unusual
28. A. appearance B. texture C. origin D. price
29. A. size B. shape C. color D. taste
30. A. happy B. vivid C. exceptional D. amazing
31. A. clean B. check C. count D. pack
32. A. perfect B. nutritious C. convenient D. familiar
33. A. on view B. on sale C. in season D. in need
34. A. finished B. preserved C. found D. grown
35. A. cooked B. given C. bought D. told
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家在Garfagnana度假的时候，邻居Mario给他们送了一个盒子，里面是自己种的西红柿和酿的酒，刚开始他们因为西红柿畸形的外观和酒的浑浊充满担心，但是尝试过后，发现味道很好，这让作者明白仅仅以外观来判断食物是否好吃是不明智的。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的轧轧声。A. departed出发；B. occupied占用；C. camped露营；D. stayed暂住。根据上文“Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer.”可知，作者在Garfagnana买的房子是夏天度假用的，因此是住在那里的时候。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是一个叫Mario的邻居，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。A. bring带来；B. send发送；C. recommend推荐；D. promote促进。根据上文“we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike making its way down the hill towards us”可知，Mario是骑着摩托车从山上到作者这里，因此是带来一个盒子，固定短语bring sb. sth.意为“给某人带来某物”。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他这么做真是非常友好的表示。A. choice选择；B. comment评论；C. proposal建议；D. gesture表示。根据上文“It was a neighbor called Mario, coming to ____2____ us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，作为邻居的Mario特地来给作者一家东西，因此是非常友好的表示。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我们看着那些西红柿时，我们很担心，因为它们西红柿了：一点也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、有光泽的东西。A. worried担心的；B. depressed沮丧的；C. thrilled激动的；D. discouraged泄气的。根据下文“because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, shiny things you get in a supermarket”可知，西红柿是畸形的，不像平常在超市里买到的那样，因此作者一家会很担心。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：酒是浑浊的，装在一个奇怪的旧瓶子里，没有标签。A. bold大胆的；B. spicy辛辣的；C. cloudy浑浊的；D. strong浓的。根据下文“Mario’s wine may have been cloudy”可知，酒是浑浊的，cloudy在下文有同词复现。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：但我们很感激他的好意，所以我们试了试。A. sympathetic to对……表示同情；B. thankful for感激；C. cautious about对……小心；D. interested in对……感兴趣。根据上文“These can’t be any good we thought.”和下文“so we tried them”可知，作者一家认为这些东西并不好，但还是试了试，由此推知，他们是对Mario送东西本身代表的好意心存感激。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们发现，只从外观来判断你吃的东西是不明智的。A. unnecessary不必要的；B. uncertain不确定的；C. unwise不明智的；D. unusual不寻常的。根据上文叙述的作者一家因为Mario送的东西外观不好看而充满担心，以及下文描述的这些东西味道很好可推知，此处表示之前的做法并不明智。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们发现，只从外观来判断你吃的东西是不明智的。A. appearance外观；B. texture质地；C. origin来源；D. price价格。根据上文“because they were so misshapen”可知，此处指通过外观来评判吃的东西。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些西红柿的味道让我想起了我小时候叔叔种的西红柿。A. size尺寸；B. shape形状；C. color颜色；D. taste味道。根据下文“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes look perfect but taste of water.”可推知，此处应是用Mario送的西红柿和超市里的西红柿作对比，Mario送的西红柿外观不好，但是味道好，让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没人会对这些有幸福的回忆。A. happy幸福的；B. vivid生动的；C. exceptional杰出的；D. amazing令人惊奇的。根据上文“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes look perfect but taste of water.”可知，如今超市里的西红柿看起来很好，但是吃起来像水，因此不会给人幸福的回忆。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他们没有设法种植方形的，这样他们就可以方便地打包它们。A. clean清洁；B. check检查；C. count计算；D. pack打包。根据上文“It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones”可知，此处是指超市里的西红柿居然没有被种成方形的，再结合常识可知，方形的东西便于打包。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Mario的酒可能是混浊的，而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的，但它是完美的。A. perfect完美的；B. nutritious有营养的；C. convenient方便的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据上文“Mario’s wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle”和“but”可知，此处有转折，虽然Mario的酒看起来不好，包装不好，但是实际上是完美的。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：在合适的时间，当它们是应季的时候，并且尽可能靠近它们种植的地方，吃东西是好的。A. on view展示中；B. on sale出售；C. in season应季的；D. in need需要的。根据上文“It’s good to eat things at the correct time”可知，此处描述吃东西理想的方式，应该是在合适的时间，在食物应季的时候。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在合适的时间，当它们是应季的时候，并且尽可能靠近它们种植的地方，吃东西是好的。A. finished完成；B. preserved保存；C. found找到；D. grown种植。根据上文“It’s good to eat things”和“as close as possible to where they were”可推知，尽可能地靠近食物种植的地方，保持其新鲜程度，这样吃东西才是好的。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mario给我们的是Garfagnana的味道。A. cooked烹饪；B. given给予；C. bought购买；D. told告诉。根据上文“It was a neighbor called Mario, coming to ____2____ us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，邻居Mario给作者一家送了东西，给予了他们Garfagnana本地的味道。故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
FUJIAN cuisine originated from southeast China’s Fujian Province and gradually absorbed the cooking style of the migrants from the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
____36____ (know) as a province with numerous mountains on China’s southeast coast, Fujian is rich ____37____ natural food resources. With a 3,752-kilometer-long coastline and over 2,000 islands, it has an abundant supply of fish, shellfish, and other sea products, which provide rich various food ingredients. Fujian cuisine, accordingly, is noted for woodland delicacies and seafood ____38____ (delight) , while trying ____39____ (preserve) the original flavor of the main ingredients that is light ____40____ delicious, fresh, and not oily in general.
Fujian cuisine has some distinctive features. First, local chefs are ____41____ (skill) at knife techniques and can cut food into hair-thin slices. Second, with ____42____ large amount of seafood in the local people’s diet, they love to cook various kinds of soups with seafood. Third, ____43____ is known that they can make good use of unique spices, which create various tastes. Fourth, all ingredients ____44____ (choose) from nutritious foods that are artistically decorated in plates. Representative Fujian dishes include boiled sea clams in chicken soup, lychee pork, and fried duck in Shacha sauce.
In ancient times, many Fujian people made a living working abroad in Southeast Asia as expatriates (侨民), therefore _____45_____(gradual) taking many other elements into their dietary custom.
【答案】36. Known
37. in 38. delights
39. to preserve
40. but 41. skilled
42. the 43. it
44. are chosen
45. gradually
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了闽菜（福建菜肴）地理、历史上形成的原因及其特点。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：以中国东南沿海的一个多山省份著称，福建拥有丰富的天然食品资源。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词know和句子主语Fujian是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词形式，表示被动，位于句首，首字母大写。故填 Known。
【37题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：见第1题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，be rich in是固定搭配，意为“富含……；在……方面丰富”。故填in。
【38题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：因此，闽菜以森林美食和海鲜美食而闻名，同时试图保留主要食材的原始风味，即清淡但不失美味、新鲜、且通常不油腻等特点。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词复数，表示泛指，作宾语。故填delights。
【39题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：见第3题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，此处考查动词短语try to do sth，意为“试图做某事，设法做某事”。故填to preserve。
【40题详解】
考查连词。句意：见第3题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，上下文是转折关系，用but。故填but。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：首先，当地厨师擅长刀法，能把食物切成薄薄的薄片。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词skilled，作表语，意为“擅长的”。故填skilled。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：其次，由于当地人的饮食中有大量的海鲜，他们喜欢用海鲜做各种汤。分析句子结构和意思可知，后面有介词短语in the local people’s diet修饰，此处表示特指，用定冠词the修饰名词amount。故填the。
43题详解】
考查代词。句意：第三，众所周知，他们可以很好地利用独特的香料，创造出不同的味道。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要用代词it，作形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语从句，固定句型it is known that…意为“...是众所周知的”。故填it。
【44题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：第四，所有的食材都是从营养丰富的食物中挑选出来的，这些食物被很有艺术感地装点在盘子里面。分析句子结构和意思可知，此处描述的是现在的事实，谓语用一般现在时，主语ingredients和动词choose之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是名词复数，be动词用are。故填are chosen。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：在古代，许多福建人出国去往东南亚谋生，因此，他们的饮食习惯中逐渐融入了许多其他元素。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要副词，修饰动词take。故填gradually。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 学校倡议同学养成健康饮食习惯，远离不健康食品。请你以“My healthy eating habits”为题，写一篇倡议书！
内容包括：
1. 你的饮食是否健康；
2. 你的不良饮食习惯及如何改正坏习惯；
3. 总结你的观点。
要求：80词左右，书写工整。
My healthy eating habits
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】My healthy eating habits
As we all know, healthy eating habits are very important for all of us, especially in this more and more developed world.
Because of the fast-paced life, I often had no time to have breakfast. Gradually, I felt something wrong with myself. My stomach often ached. After seeing the doctor, I knew it was because I often skipped my breakfast. Then, I told myself to eat an egg and drink a cup of milk. Besides, I don’t have mid-night meals or junk food now and work out to keep fit every day.
Boys and girls, health is the most important for us. We must put it on the first place. So, in order to have a healthy body, let’s have healthy eating habits.
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。要求考生以“My healthy eating habits”为题，写一篇倡议书。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
众所周知：as we all know→as is known to us all
重要的：important→vital
尤其：especially→particularly
发达的：developed→advanced
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Boys and girls, health is the most important for us. We must put it on the first place.
拓展句：Boys and girls, health is the most important for us, which we must put on the first place.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As we all know, healthy eating habits are very important for all of us, especially in this more and more developed world.（由As引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】After seeing the doctor, I knew it was because I often skipped my breakfast.（由省略连词that引导的宾语从句和because引导的表语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When Michael Martin was going to do his normal shopping at a Smart & Final store in Sacramento, California with his family, curiosity made him stop in front of a man sitting outside. It’s no wonder to see some homeless people outside different stores, but this man seemed different. He was sitting on his sleeping bag with his resumes (简历) and a sign that read “need work and food”.
The man was named Frederic Callison, 52 and a former cook. He came to Sacramento two years ago from Washington in the hope of getting a job as a cook. His plans were stopped and he ended up in this unexpected way ever since. Smart & Final allowed him to stay near the store, as he helped them to push carts for free.
But he would not like to ask for money like most of the homeless people. Instead, he decided to use the place as an active job-hunting to change his difficult circumstances. So he made the sign. This was not just words, as his Social Security number and ID were also kept handy. All the documents showed his serious intentions to find work.
Martin was amazed by such preparations and asked the man for his resumes. Without hesitation, Callison handed one to him. The resume, which was well-written and had a striking resume headline, claimed that he was a fine cook. Then he began telling Martin about his qualification and work experiences. It was like a real interview, but not so intense and strict.
Martin was impressed and inspired by Callison’s will and efforts to work. He totally understood the situation of Callison. Efforts and determination of Callison were worth respect, as it was really a difficult goal.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Michael Martin decided to do what he could to help the homeless man.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Callison was really grateful for such an opportunity.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Michael Martin decided to do what he could to help the homeless man. After buying him some water and food, Martin photographed the resume. He posted Frederic’s story with the photo on social networks, hoping that someone would come forward and offer the determined man a job. Martin was not sure if that would make any difference, so he also passed the photo to his former colleagues, who worked for a company in the food industry. Soon there was a result. Someone paying attention to the post on the internet invited Frederic Callison to be a cook at a pizza restaurant.
Callison was really grateful for such an opportunity.He worked hard every day. He was serious about studying the menu and preparing for the working days. His excellent performance was soon recognized by the boss and his colleagues. Now he no longer had to worry about food and shelter. As you can see, Martin and the Internet played an important role, but withoutCallison’s own efforts, things would not have had a positive turn. God only helps those who help themselves.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为中心展开，主要讲述迈克尔·马丁和家人去加州萨克拉门托的一家Smart&Final商店买东西，他注意到了门外坐着的一名男子。他坐在他的睡袋上，拿着他的简历和一个写着“需要工作和食物”的牌子。这名男子名叫弗雷德里克·卡利森，52岁，曾是一名厨师。但他不像大多数无家可归的人那样要钱。相反，他决定利用这个地方来积极找工作，以改变自己的困境。马丁向卡利森要简历，他毫不犹豫地递给了他一张。这份简历写得很好，有一个引人注目的简历标题，声称他是一个很好的厨师。
【详解】
1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“迈克尔·马丁决定尽他所能帮助这个流浪汉。”可知，第一段可描写马丁是如何帮助卡利森找到工作的。
②由第二段首句内容“卡利森真的很感激有这样的机会。”可知，第二段可描写卡利森在工作中的表现。
2. 续写线索：买食物和水——帮忙找工作——找到工作——感激——努力工作——受到认可
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①照相：photograph/take a photo
②公布：post/publish
③认可：recognize/approve
情绪类
①坚决的：determined/resolute
②确定的：be sure/be certain
【点睛】
【高分句型1】He posted Frederic’s story with the photo on social networks, hoping that someone would come forward and offer the determined man a job.（由that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Martin was not sure if that would make any difference, so he also passed the photo to his former colleagues, who worked for a company in the food industry.（由if引导的宾语从句和who引导的定语从句）
