安庆二中东区2023-2024学年第一学期期末考试
高二英语试题
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Here are some jobs that let you make a direct impact on others’ lives.
A career advisor
Career advisors help to lighten graduates’ load, often working at high schools, colleges or universities. In addition to consulting with students to help them make career decisions, the advisors also help students practice important job-seeking skills. Although some employers prefer applicants to have a master’s degree in counseling (咨询), not all require one. Pursuing a bachelor of psychology or counseling is a great place to start.
A nutritionist
As far as industries go, health care likely offers the most jobs that help people. Nutritionists work in hospitals, schools or nursing homes to help create meal plans to improve the health of their clients (客户). Along with a bachelor’s degree in food and nutrition, clinical nutrition or a related field, you’ll need to be licensed in most states.
A personal trainer
Personal trainers work with people of all ages to build custom fitness plans. Along with performing physical assessments and creating training programs, personal trainers also inspire their clients to stick to a plan so they achieve desired results. You should have a college diploma, along with an associate’s degree in a health or fitness field, and you will need to pass an exam to receive your license.
A special education teacher
A special school can be a place for students with emotional, behavioral or learning challenges. Special education teachers are there to teach them to reach their full potential. As a special education teacher, you should plan and teach lessons according to students’ specific needs and abilities. Special education teachers must have a bachelor’s degree and a state-issued certification.
Find more information on .
1. What do the four jobs have in common
A. The income is high. B. They are helpful.
C. They are in demand. D. The requirements are low.
2. Which job requires you to take an exam
A. A career advisor. B. A nutritionist.
C. A personal trainer. D. A special education teacher.
3. What is a must for a special education teacher
A Full potential.
B A driving license.
C. A master’s degree in psychology.
D. Professional teaching abilities.
B
For a scholar focusing on Australia' s public diplomacy (外交活动), working as a recreational manager in China may never be part of his career path. But Bradley does have lots to say now about his special experience at a resort in the picturesque tropical coastal city of Sanya in South China's Hainan province.
The 33-year-old Australian is actually a student in international relations completing his PhD through Griffith University. He came to Beijing for a cooperative research at Peking University less than two years ago. Such an academic life was just added color with a chance offered by the cultural exchanges project, "I'm in China".
"What I liked most about the experience was it was something completely different that you would never be able to do as a regular tourist," Bradley said in an interview. Bradley was chosen to work as a recreational manager for a Chinese wedding.
The film crew took them to many "amazing sites" and the staff at the resort taught them a lot about how to "incorporate modern Chinese features while still keeping traditional customs", Bradley said.
"I would have to say two things stick out as the most memorable: the helicopter ride and talking with the staff at the hotel about how they organize weddings here in China," he said.
That was Bradley's first time to be in a helicopter, and he was too absorbed with the "stunning" view of the beautiful coastline.
"I think it is so important to show other Australians the different landscapes China has to offer. I think so many Australians, when they think about China, imagine the historical sites of Beijing and the exciting things to see in Shanghai but have no idea about other beautiful places, like Sanya or the many other places people have been taken to in this TV series," Bradley said.
"I'm in China" is a project sponsored by China Intercontinental Communication Centre and other institutions under the guidance of China's State Council Information Office. It invites foreign natives worldwide to experience unique jobs and participate in activities that one can find nowhere else except in China. More than 10,000 photos and articles were submitted from around the globe by over 6,00 applicants.
4. Bradley actually is ________.
A. an Australian PhD student B. a regular Australian tourist
C. a recreational manager D. an Australian diplomat
5. What does the underlined word "incorporate" in paragraph 4 mean
A. get rid of B. take advantage of C. take in D. keep off
6. What impressed Bradley most
A. The beautiful scenery of Sanya and special activities.
B. Flying in a helicopter and organizing Chinese wedding.
C. The historical sites of Beijing and the exciting things in Shanghai.
D. Chinese traditional customs and many amazing sites.
7. From the last paragraph, we can infer that the project "I'm in China" is ________.
A. unique but unattractive to foreigners
B. special but helpless to know about China
C. uninteresting and rejected by foreigners
D. unique and popular with foreigners
C
Up to 40% of all food in the United States is wasted. Producing food that people don’t consume swallows up roughly 20% of America’s cropland and agricultural water, and produces greenhouse gas emissions(排放物) equal to 37 million passenger vehicles each year. Yet, 37 million Americans lack consistent access to adequate and nutritious food.
NRDC’s Food Matters Initiative partners cities to confront food waste. Food Matters is piloting all-round, cutting-edge strategies that are easy to follow and share. The first two strategies--and arguably the most critical ones--are to estimate a local baseline level of food waste and then assess the potential for rescuing surplus food. A baseline is necessary in order to understand the scale and natural of the problem. It is also a prerequisite(先决条件) to assessing any progress made, which will help inform future program development.
Using a calculator tool NRDC developed based on the Food Matters research models ,the Atlanta’s Mayor’s Office of Resilience had a better understanding of the qualities of wasted food and where it was likely occurring. This allowed the city to focus the attention on the solutions that were more closely related to the situation in Atlanta.
As in many cities across the U.S., much of the food wasted in Atlanta occurs in households and consumer-facing businesses such as restaurants. Armed with this information, the Mayor’s Office of Resilience, creates a restaurant challenge encouraging restaurants to work on the entire system of reduction, rescue, and recycling. After 90 days and participation from 6 restaurants at Atlanta’s Hartsfield Jackson airport, the program rescue 21,000 meals and saved owners over $62000.
Atlanta’s restaurant challenge is one of a handful of examples where cities have engaged(吸引) consumer-facing food businesses to reduce their food waste New York led the charge with a Mayor’s challenge to restaurants .Denver recently completed a series of neighborhood restaurant challenges. Nashville has an ongoing Mayor’s Food Saver Challenge including not just restaurants but other food businesses as well. Several other cities and countries throughout the country have similar business engagement success stories.
8. What are the data mainly about in paragraph 1
A. the harm of food waste B. the cause of food pollution
C. the importance of food safety D. the solution to food waste.
9. How does Atlanta benefit from the calculator tool of NRDC
A. It makes new plans for banning food waste
B. It helps the city better work on the solutions.
C. It tests the work efficiency of the government
D. It increases the potential for recycling food waste.
10. What is the restaurant challenge mainly about
A. Inspiring customers to order food based on actual need
B. Teaching waiters to deal with food waste in the greener way.
C. Encouraging restaurants to reduce food waste in every process .
D. Making restaurants compete with each other in waste recycling.
11. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. Restaurant challenges only work in America
B. More and more cities are focusing on food waste .
C. Food businesses are the main sources of food waste .
D. It is difficult to complete the restaurant challenges.
D
Forty years ago, when Marilyn Loden, then 31 and a manager at a telephone company, made a speech at the 1978 Women's Exposition, she didn't know that a phrase she came up with on that day would still be alive after all these years. "It seemed to me there was an invisible barrier to advancement that people didn't recognize," Loden said at the expo when talking about how hard it was for women to climb the career ladder. And that barrier, according to her, could all be boiled down to one phrase-" glass ceiling".
Since then, there have been major advances in gender equality. We've seen women achieving bigger and bigger things in cinema, education, politics and even business. But sadly, there's one field that's still run mainly by men: science.
That's why it was inspiring when Zhang Miman, 82, a professor at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, was given a L'OreaI-UNESCO For Women in Science award on March 22.
According to China Daily, the number of women working in science around the world has increased by 12 percent in the past 20 years. But even so, the glass ceiling is still there. Indeed, less than 30 percent of researchers are women, and only 3 percent of Nobel Prizes for Science have been awarded to women.
Of course, it has little to do with the stereotype (思维定势) that "women are bad at science". In fact, a study found that nearly half of the "highly qualified" scientists and engineers in the US are women.
"Since so few are in the upper ranks, there aren't female instructor to guide women through challenges and support them for promotions," wrote Tara Weiss on Forbes.
May 24 marks the 40th anniversary of the phrase "glass ceiling". Even though the ceiling is still there, things are changing. And with Zhang winning her award, one more crack has been added to the ceiling.
12. Why does the author introduce Marilyn Loden at the beginning of the text
A. To attract readers' attention.
B. To introduce the topic of the text.
C. To make Loden well-known.
D. To amuse readers with Loden's story.
13. What does the underlined phrase "glass ceiling" in the first paragraph refer to
A. the good news for women to be promoted.
B. the shortest way for women to succeed.
C. the unseen barriers for women to advance.
D. the unknown advantages for women to develop.
14. What can be inferred from paragraph 4, 5 and 6
A. Women scientists have very high status in the world.
B. Women are naturally not good at science at all.
C. Women's liberation in science still has a long way to go.
D. Women don't like challenges in career.
15. What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A. To praise Zhang Miman.
B. To remember Marilyn Loden.
C. To encourage women to break the barrier.
D. To introduce a phrase "glass ceiling".
第二节 选句填空（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
School doesn’t have to be a prison. Whether you find school difficult, boring or just stressful, you can learn to make school easier and bring a lot more fun.____16____
Try a team sport. Some schools offer team sports that allow you to make friends with your fellow students. Soccer, track and field, basketball and football, can all make school have a little more fun.____17____ If you don’t want to play sports, consider joining in the games and cheering for your team with your friends.
____18____One of the most stressful parts of school can be making sure you have everything you’re supposed to have. Where’s your English homework Where’s that math assignment Is your pencil sharp The less you have to worry about these little things, the more you’ll be able to focus and enjoy school. Be prepared for class and everything will be easier.
Take it easy on your teachers. Teachers are like students: some are great; some are less than great. But teachers are in charge of the classroom. So even if you’re feeling frustrated or bored in class, you should be nice to your teachers.____19____
Ask for help if you are having trouble with homework.____20____ Make it easy. Ask for help at school by joining an after-class study group, if your school has one. Ask your teacher if you can stay 10-15 minutes after school to ask a few questions about your homework, if you’re embarrassed to ask during class. It’s always better to ask after class.
A. Stay organized.
B. Manage your time better.
C. Here are some ways to help you.
D. So you can choose one of them to take up.
E. Try to find kids you can talk to and play with.
F. As a result, they will possibly be friendly back to you.
G. If you’re struggling in school, don’t try to take it all on by yourself.
第二部分 语言应用（共两节，满分25分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One pet parrot (鹦鹉) Louie managed to save a Tennessee family. The Kleins were woken up by the bird’s repeated and ____21____ cries. “If it hadn’t been for him, I probably would have been asleep during the disaster.” Barbara Klein recently told a news agency, “Louie is a true ____22____. He started shouting ‘Fire’. He had never said that ____23____ before.”
When they woke up, they were shocked to find the ____24____ had spread across the rooms of the house. Barbara immediately carried her 5-year-old granddaughter and ____25____ out of the house. But her husband Larry ____26____ escaped, and then was sent to hospital for the ____27____. “Larry ran to the kitchen and was trying to ____28____ the fire with water,” Barbara said, “Later he ran back into the house to try to ____29____ our pets and his guitar. He kept saying he couldn’t breathe and I was shouting at him to ____30____ the house. I quickly told him to get down and he crawled (爬) out.” Barbara said her husband had to ____31____ in hospital while doctors tried to cure him so that he was able to attend the sixth birthday party of his cute ____32____.
Although there was nothing left in their home, the family received ____33____ from a large number of kind people. ____34____, Louie didn’t survive with them. However, to everyone’s relief, a generous person provided a flat to the Kleins and ____35____ a new baby parrot to the family. “We call him Louie Jr.,” said Barbara.
21. A. polite B. noisy C. soft D. usual
22. A. friend B. pet C. hero D. volunteer
23. A. word B. signal C. story D. accident
24. A. news B. cries C. fire D. air
25. A. drove B. ran C. looked D. jumped
26. A. quickly B. constantly C. narrowly D. occasionally
27. A. tiredness B. reality C. complaints D. burns
28. A. put out B. pick up C. take down D. look over
29. A. meet B. save C. hide D. check
30. A. remember B. protect C. leave D. repair
31. A. work B. wait C. end D. stay
32. A. granddaughter B. student C. neighbour D. parrot
33. A. excuses B. invitations C. advice D. support
34. A. Unfortunately B. Strangely C. Surprisingly D. Actually
35 A. threw B. gifted C. drew D. rented
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ambassadors and counselors ____36____ eight embassies in Beijing watched the Chinese dance drama, Poetic Dance: The Journey of a Legendary Landscape Painting, at the National Center for the Performing Arts in Beijing on Aug 13 and 14. The dance drama, ____37____ first show was at the same venue a year ago and ____38____ (become) one of the most successful dance dramas in China so far, was directed by Zhou Liya and Han Zhen, both from the China Oriental Performing Arts Group. ____39____ (perform) by dancers of the Beijing-based company, the dance drama ____40____ (inspire) by the classic Chinese painting, A Panorama of Rivers and Mountains, by the artist Wang Ximeng during the Song Dynasty. It is ____41____ (universe) acknowledged to be one of ____42____ (significant) works in the history of Chinese fine art history. The 11-meter-long scroll painting is a ____43____ (fantasy) record of people’s lives and the natural scenery of that time, ____44____ (mix) realism with creative imagination. “_____45_____ we want to display in the two-hour-long dance drama is the beauty of the painting and China’s landscape,” the creative team said.
第三部分 写作（15分）
46. 假定你是李华，将于今年七月从实验中学（Experimental Middle School）毕业。你从网站上得知一家电脑公司要招聘英语实习生（intern），你很感兴趣。请给该公司写一封求职信，内容包括：
1．自己的学习情况及英语水平；
2．自己的优势；
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
LiHua安庆二中东区2023-2024学年第一学期期末考试
高二英语试题
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Here are some jobs that let you make a direct impact on others’ lives.
A career advisor
Career advisors help to lighten graduates’ load, often working at high schools, colleges or universities. In addition to consulting with students to help them make career decisions, the advisors also help students practice important job-seeking skills. Although some employers prefer applicants to have a master’s degree in counseling (咨询), not all require one. Pursuing a bachelor of psychology or counseling is a great place to start.
A nutritionist
As far as industries go, health care likely offers the most jobs that help people. Nutritionists work in hospitals, schools or nursing homes to help create meal plans to improve the health of their clients (客户). Along with a bachelor’s degree in food and nutrition, clinical nutrition or a related field, you’ll need to be licensed in most states.
A personal trainer
Personal trainers work with people of all ages to build custom fitness plans. Along with performing physical assessments and creating training programs, personal trainers also inspire their clients to stick to a plan so they achieve desired results. You should have a college diploma, along with an associate’s degree in a health or fitness field, and you will need to pass an exam to receive your license.
A special education teacher
A special school can be a place for students with emotional, behavioral or learning challenges. Special education teachers are there to teach them to reach their full potential. As a special education teacher, you should plan and teach lessons according to students’ specific needs and abilities. Special education teachers must have a bachelor’s degree and a state-issued certification.
Find more information on www..
1. What do the four jobs have in common
A. The income is high. B. They are helpful.
C. They are in demand. D. The requirements are low.
2. Which job requires you to take an exam
A. A career advisor. B. A nutritionist.
C. A personal trainer. D. A special education teacher.
3. What is a must for a special education teacher
A. Full potential.
B. A driving license.
C. A master’s degree in psychology.
D. Professional teaching abilities.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了4个能让你直接影响他人生活的工作。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据A career advisor“Career advisors help to lighten graduates’ load, ”（职业顾问帮助毕业生减轻负担，）；A nutritionist“As far as industries go, health care likely offers the most jobs that help people. ”（就行业而言，医疗保健可能提供了最多的帮助人们的工作。）；A personal trainer“Personal trainers work with people of all ages to build custom fitness plans. ”（私人教练为各个年龄段的人制定定制的健身计划。）；A special education teacher“Special education teachers are there to teach them to reach their full potential.”（特殊教育教师的作用是教他们充分发挥自己的潜力。）可知，4个工作共同点是它们对大家是有帮助的。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第2个工作A personal trainer“You should have a college diploma, along with an associate’s degree in a health or fitness field, and you will need to pass an exam to receive your license.”（你应该有大学文凭，以及健康或健身领域的大专学位，你需要通过考试才能获得执照。）可知，一个私人教练的工作需要你参加考试。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第4个工作A special education teacher“ As a special education teacher, you should plan and teach lessons according to students’ specific needs and abilities. Special education teachers must have a bachelor’s degree and a state-issued certification.”（作为一名特殊教育教师，你应该根据学生的具体需求和能力来规划和教授课程。特殊教育教师必须拥有学士学位和国家颁发的证书。）可知，专业的教学能力是特殊教育教师必须具备的素质。故选D。
B
For a scholar focusing on Australia' s public diplomacy (外交活动), working as a recreational manager in China may never be part of his career path. But Bradley does have lots to say now about his special experience at a resort in the picturesque tropical coastal city of Sanya in South China's Hainan province.
The 33-year-old Australian is actually a student in international relations completing his PhD through Griffith University. He came to Beijing for a cooperative research at Peking University less than two years ago. Such an academic life was just added color with a chance offered by the cultural exchanges project, "I'm in China".
"What I liked most about the experience was it was something completely different that you would never be able to do as a regular tourist," Bradley said in an interview. Bradley was chosen to work as a recreational manager for a Chinese wedding.
The film crew took them to many "amazing sites" and the staff at the resort taught them a lot about how to "incorporate modern Chinese features while still keeping traditional customs", Bradley said.
"I would have to say two things stick out as the most memorable: the helicopter ride and talking with the staff at the hotel about how they organize weddings here in China," he said.
That was Bradley's first time to be in a helicopter, and he was too absorbed with the "stunning" view of the beautiful coastline.
"I think it is so important to show other Australians the different landscapes China has to offer. I think so many Australians, when they think about China, imagine the historical sites of Beijing and the exciting things to see in Shanghai but have no idea about other beautiful places, like Sanya or the many other places people have been taken to in this TV series," Bradley said.
"I'm in China" is a project sponsored by China Intercontinental Communication Centre and other institutions under the guidance of China's State Council Information Office. It invites foreign natives worldwide to experience unique jobs and participate in activities that one can find nowhere else except in China. More than 10,000 photos and articles were submitted from around the globe by over 6,00 applicants.
4. Bradley actually is ________.
A. an Australian PhD student B. a regular Australian tourist
C. a recreational manager D. an Australian diplomat
5. What does the underlined word "incorporate" in paragraph 4 mean
A. get rid of B. take advantage of C. take in D. keep off
6. What impressed Bradley most
A. The beautiful scenery of Sanya and special activities.
B. Flying in a helicopter and organizing Chinese wedding.
C. The historical sites of Beijing and the exciting things in Shanghai.
D. Chinese traditional customs and many amazing sites.
7. From the last paragraph, we can infer that the project "I'm in China" is ________.
A. unique but unattractive to foreigners
B. special but helpless to know about China
C. uninteresting and rejected by foreigners
D. unique and popular with foreigners
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了33岁的博士生Bradley在海南三亚参加一个名为“我在中国”的项目，担任康乐部经理，体验了中国传统文化和现代元素的融合，这些经历让他印象深刻。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The 33-year-old Australian is actually a student in international relations completing his PhD through Griffith University.”（这位33岁的澳大利亚人实际上是格里菲斯大学国际关系专业的学生，正在完成他的博士学位）可知，Bradley是一名正在格里菲斯大学读博士的学生。故选A项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段“The film crew took them to many "amazing sites" and the staff at the resort taught them a lot about how to "incorporate modern Chinese features while still keeping traditional customs", Bradley said.”可知，这里要表示在对现代中国特色做出“incorporate”的同时，仍然保留传统文化习俗，可推断出这里是要表达“融汇古今”，即在保留传统的基础上，吸收、采用现代元素和特色。“incarporate” 意思是“吸收”。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段引述Bradley的话“I would have to say two things stick out as the most memorable: the helicopter ride and talking with the staff at the hotel about how they organize weddings here in China”（我不得不说，有两件事是最难忘的：乘坐直升机的经历，以及与酒店员工谈论他们在中国是如何组织婚礼的）可知，让他印象最深的是直升飞机之旅和与工作人员谈论策划中国婚礼。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“ It invites foreign natives worldwide to experience unique jobs and participate in activities that one can find nowhere else except in China. More than 10,000 photos and articles were submitted from around the globe by over 6,00 applicants.”（它邀请世界各地的外国人体验独特的工作和参与活动，只有在中国才能找到。来自世界各地的600多名申请者提交了一万多张照片和文章）可知，“我在中国”这一项目会邀请外国人来体验独特的工作和中国独有的活动，也因此受到外国人欢迎，会收到来自世界各地大量的申请书。故选D项。
C
Up to 40% of all food in the United States is wasted. Producing food that people don’t consume swallows up roughly 20% of America’s cropland and agricultural water, and produces greenhouse gas emissions(排放物) equal to 37 million passenger vehicles each year. Yet, 37 million Americans lack consistent access to adequate and nutritious food.
NRDC’s Food Matters Initiative partners cities to confront food waste. Food Matters is piloting all-round, cutting-edge strategies that are easy to follow and share. The first two strategies--and arguably the most critical ones--are to estimate a local baseline level of food waste and then assess the potential for rescuing surplus food. A baseline is necessary in order to understand the scale and natural of the problem. It is also a prerequisite(先决条件) to assessing any progress made, which will help inform future program development.
Using a calculator tool NRDC developed based on the Food Matters research models ,the Atlanta’s Mayor’s Office of Resilience had a better understanding of the qualities of wasted food and where it was likely occurring. This allowed the city to focus the attention on the solutions that were more closely related to the situation in Atlanta.
As in many cities across the U.S., much of the food wasted in Atlanta occurs in households and consumer-facing businesses such as restaurants. Armed with this information, the Mayor’s Office of Resilience, creates a restaurant challenge encouraging restaurants to work on the entire system of reduction, rescue, and recycling. After 90 days and participation from 6 restaurants at Atlanta’s Hartsfield Jackson airport, the program rescue 21,000 meals and saved owners over $62000.
Atlanta’s restaurant challenge is one of a handful of examples where cities have engaged(吸引) consumer-facing food businesses to reduce their food waste. New York led the charge with a Mayor’s challenge to restaurants .Denver recently completed a series of neighborhood restaurant challenges. Nashville has an ongoing Mayor’s Food Saver Challenge including not just restaurants but other food businesses as well. Several other cities and countries throughout the country have similar business engagement success stories.
8. What are the data mainly about in paragraph 1
A. the harm of food waste B. the cause of food pollution
C. the importance of food safety D. the solution to food waste.
9. How does Atlanta benefit from the calculator tool of NRDC
A. It makes new plans for banning food waste
B. It helps the city better work on the solutions.
C It tests the work efficiency of the government
D. It increases the potential for recycling food waste.
10. What is the restaurant challenge mainly about
A. Inspiring customers to order food based on actual need
B. Teaching waiters to deal with food waste in the greener way.
C. Encouraging restaurants to reduce food waste in every process .
D. Making restaurants compete with each other in waste recycling.
11. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. Restaurant challenges only work in America
B. More and more cities are focusing on food waste .
C. Food businesses are the main sources of food waste .
D It is difficult to complete the restaurant challenges.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。在美国，高达40%的食物被浪费了。文章介绍了美国一些城市为应对食品浪费所作出的努力。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。文章第一段中提到一系列的数据“高达40%的食物被浪费了。生产并不吃的粮食消耗了大约20%的农作物耕地和农业用水，产生的温室气体排放物等于3700万车辆一年的排放量。而另一方面，3700万美国人并不能持续获得充足和有营养的食物。”由此可知，这些数据是说明食物浪费造成的损失。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。文章第二段中提到“the Atlanta’s Mayor’s Office of Resilience had a better understanding of the qualities of wasted food and where it was likely occurring. This allowed the city to focus the attention on the solutions that were more closely related to the situation in Atlanta.”；根据其中的“focus the attention on the solutions”可知，亚特兰大市通过使用NRDC的计算器工具，对浪费食物的性质和可能发生的地点有更好的了解，这有助于该市更好地解决问题。 故选B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。文章第四段中提到“the Mayor’s Office of Resilience, creates a restaurant challenge encouraging restaurants to work on the entire system of reduction, rescue, and recycling.（市长办公室创造了一个餐馆挑战，鼓励餐馆在整个系统中减少，防止浪费和回收。）”。由此可知，餐馆挑战主要是鼓励餐馆在整个过程中减少食物浪费。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。文章最后一段中提到“Atlanta’s restaurant challenge is one of a handful of examples where cities have engaged(吸引) consumer-facing food businesses to reduce their food waste.（亚特兰的餐厅挑战是吸引面向消费者的食品企业减少食物浪费的少数几个城市的例子之一。）”，下文提到New York、Denver、Nashville以及Several other cities and countries等城市成功的做法，说明越来越多的城市致力于减少食物浪费。故选B项。
D
Forty years ago, when Marilyn Loden, then 31 and a manager at a telephone company, made a speech at the 1978 Women's Exposition, she didn't know that a phrase she came up with on that day would still be alive after all these years. "It seemed to me there was an invisible barrier to advancement that people didn't recognize," Loden said at the expo when talking about how hard it was for women to climb the career ladder. And that barrier, according to her, could all be boiled down to one phrase-" glass ceiling".
Since then, there have been major advances in gender equality. We've seen women achieving bigger and bigger things in cinema, education, politics and even business. But sadly, there's one field that's still run mainly by men: science.
That's why it was inspiring when Zhang Miman, 82, a professor at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, was given a L'OreaI-UNESCO For Women in Science award on March 22.
According to China Daily, the number of women working in science around the world has increased by 12 percent in the past 20 years. But even so, the glass ceiling is still there. Indeed, less than 30 percent of researchers are women, and only 3 percent of Nobel Prizes for Science have been awarded to women.
Of course, it has little to do with the stereotype (思维定势) that "women are bad at science". In fact, a study found that nearly half of the "highly qualified" scientists and engineers in the US are women.
"Since so few are in the upper ranks, there aren't female instructor to guide women through challenges and support them for promotions," wrote Tara Weiss on Forbes.
May 24 marks the 40th anniversary of the phrase "glass ceiling". Even though the ceiling is still there, things are changing. And with Zhang winning her award, one more crack has been added to the ceiling.
12. Why does the author introduce Marilyn Loden at the beginning of the text
A To attract readers' attention.
B. To introduce the topic of the text.
C. To make Loden well-known.
D. To amuse readers with Loden's story.
13. What does the underlined phrase "glass ceiling" in the first paragraph refer to
A. the good news for women to be promoted.
B. the shortest way for women to succeed.
C. the unseen barriers for women to advance.
D. the unknown advantages for women to develop.
14. What can be inferred from paragraph 4, 5 and 6
A. Women scientists have very high status in the world.
B. Women are naturally not good at science at all.
C. Women's liberation in science still has a long way to go.
D. Women don't like challenges in career.
15. What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A. To praise Zhang Miman.
B. To remember Marilyn Loden.
C. To encourage women to break the barrier.
D. To introduce a phrase "glass ceiling".
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章借由Marilyn Loden在40年前提出的“玻璃天花板”一词，阐述了女性地位逐渐提升，但在科学领域却仍然难以获得应有的地位，尽管如此，女性科研人员们还在努力改变这一现状。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“she didn't know that a phrase she came up with on that day would still be alive after all these years.她没有想到那天由她提出来的那个说法直到多年后的今天依然还在”和“And that barrier, according to her, could all be boiled down to one phrase-" glass ceiling"据她说，那种障碍可以被浓缩为一个词——玻璃天花板”可知，作者借由第一段引出glass ceiling这一中心词，继而阐述女性在科学领域的地位，其作用就是引出文章的主题。故选B项。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句“"It seemed to me there was an invisible barrier to advancement that people didn't recognize," Loden said at the expo when talking about how hard it was for women to climb the career ladder.”可知，Loden所指的“玻璃天花板”就指人们没有意识到的、阻碍女性事业发展的隐形屏障，与C选项描述相符。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“But even so, the glass ceiling is still there.”，第五段中“Of course, it has little to do with the stereotype (思维定势) that "women are bad at science"”和第六段中“Since so few are in the upper ranks, there aren't female instructor to guide women through challenges and support them for promotions”可知，这三段中都在讲述女性在科学领域的“玻璃天花板”仍然存在这一现状，也就是说，要想打破这层障碍，还需要付出很多努力，与C选项描述相符。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“May 24 marks the 40th anniversary of the phrase "glass ceiling". Even though the ceiling is still there, things are changing. And with Zhang winning her award, one more crack has been added to the ceiling.”可知，在“玻璃天花板”这一名词出现第四十年的特殊时刻，尽管那层障碍依然存在，但现状已经在逐渐改变，女性科学家也在努力将其打破，作者正是想以此鼓励广大女性共同努力打破“天花板”。故选C项。
第二节 选句填空（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
School doesn’t have to be a prison. Whether you find school difficult, boring or just stressful, you can learn to make school easier and bring a lot more fun.____16____
Try a team sport. Some schools offer team sports that allow you to make friends with your fellow students. Soccer, track and field, basketball and football, can all make school have a little more fun.____17____ If you don’t want to play sports, consider joining in the games and cheering for your team with your friends.
____18____One of the most stressful parts of school can be making sure you have everything you’re supposed to have. Where’s your English homework Where’s that math assignment Is your pencil sharp The less you have to worry about these little things, the more you’ll be able to focus and enjoy school. Be prepared for class and everything will be easier.
Take it easy on your teachers. Teachers are like students: some are great; some are less than great. But teachers are in charge of the classroom. So even if you’re feeling frustrated or bored in class, you should be nice to your teachers.____19____
Ask for help if you are having trouble with homework.____20____ Make it easy. Ask for help at school by joining an after-class study group, if your school has one. Ask your teacher if you can stay 10-15 minutes after school to ask a few questions about your homework, if you’re embarrassed to ask during class. It’s always better to ask after class.
A. Stay organized.
B. Manage your time better.
C. Here are some ways to help you.
D. So you can choose one of them to take up.
E. Try to find kids you can talk to and play with.
F. As a result, they will possibly be friendly back to you.
G. If you’re struggling in school, don’t try to take it all on by yourself.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. A 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何让学校生活变得更容易。
【16题详解】
由上文“Whether you find school difficult, boring or just stressful, you can learn to make school easier and bring a lot more fun. (无论你觉得学校很难、很无聊还是压力很大，你都可以学会让学校更轻松，带来更多乐趣)”和下文第二段首句“Try a team sport. (尝试团队运动)”，第四段首句“Take it easy on your teachers. (对你的老师放松点)”和最后一段首句“Ask for help if you are having trouble with homework. (如果你作业有困难，请寻求帮助)”可知，文章主要讲述的是如何让学校生活变得更容易，而下文介绍了让学校生活变得更容易的具体方法，承接上下文，C选项“这里有一些方法可以帮助您。”引起下文对具体方法的介绍。故选C项。
【17题详解】
由上文“Try a team sport. Some schools offer team sports that allow you to make friends with your fellow students. Soccer, track and field, basketball and football, can all make school have a little more fun. (尝试团队运动。有些学校提供团队运动，让你可以和同学们交朋友。足球、田径、篮球和足球，都能让学校多一点乐趣)”可知，上文内容介绍了可以通过参加团队运动使学校生活有更多的乐趣，D选项“所以你可以从中选择一个参加。”内容能够承接上文，因为团队运动可以使学校生活有更多的乐趣，所以你可以从中选择一个参加，上下文因果关系。故选D项。
【18题详解】
由下文“The less you have to worry about these little things, the more you’ll be able to focus and enjoy school. Be prepared for class and everything will be easier. (你越不用担心这些小事，你就越能集中精力，享受学校的乐趣。做好上课准备，一切都会变得容易)”可知，本段内容建议我们做好上课准备，不要为了一些小事担心，A选项“保持井然有序。”内容能够概括段落主旨，我们要保持井然有序，做好上课准备，这样才能集中精力享受学习。故选A项。
【19题详解】
由上文“So even if you’re feeling frustrated or bored in class, you should be nice to your teachers. (所以，即使你在课堂上感到沮丧或无聊，你也应该对你的老师友好)”可知，本段内容建议我们要对老师友好，F选项“因此，他们可能会对你很友好。”内容能够承接上文，如果你对老师友好，他们可能也会对你友好。故选F项。
【20题详解】
由上文“Ask for help if you are having trouble with homework. (如果你作业有困难，请寻求帮助)”和下文“Ask for help at school by joining an after-class study group, if your school has one. Ask your teacher if you can stay 10-15 minutes after school to ask a few questions about your homework, if you’re embarrassed to ask during class. (如果你的学校有课后学习小组，可以通过参加课后学习小组来寻求帮助。如果你在课堂上不好意思提问，可以问问你的老师，你是否可以在放学后的10-15分钟内，就你的作业提出一些问题)”可知，本段内容建议我们要学会寻求帮助，G选项“如果你在学校里苦苦挣扎，不要试图独自承担一切。”内容符合段落主旨，在学校生活中，我们要学会寻求帮助，不要试图独自承担一切困难。故选G项。
第二部分 语言应用（共两节，满分25分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One pet parrot (鹦鹉) Louie managed to save a Tennessee family. The Kleins were woken up by the bird’s repeated and ____21____ cries. “If it hadn’t been for him, I probably would have been asleep during the disaster.” Barbara Klein recently told a news agency, “Louie is a true ____22____. He started shouting ‘Fire’. He had never said that ____23____ before.”
When they woke up, they were shocked to find the ____24____ had spread across the rooms of the house. Barbara immediately carried her 5-year-old granddaughter and ____25____ out of the house. But her husband Larry ____26____ escaped, and then was sent to hospital for the ____27____. “Larry ran to the kitchen and was trying to ____28____ the fire with water,” Barbara said, “Later he ran back into the house to try to ____29____ our pets and his guitar. He kept saying he couldn’t breathe and I was shouting at him to ____30____ the house. I quickly told him to get down and he crawled (爬) out.” Barbara said her husband had to ____31____ in hospital while doctors tried to cure him so that he was able to attend the sixth birthday party of his cute ____32____.
Although there was nothing left in their home, the family received ____33____ from a large number of kind people. ____34____, Louie didn’t survive with them. However, to everyone’s relief, a generous person provided a flat to the Kleins and ____35____ a new baby parrot to the family. “We call him Louie Jr.,” said Barbara.
21. A. polite B. noisy C. soft D. usual
22. A. friend B. pet C. hero D. volunteer
23. A. word B. signal C. story D. accident
24. A. news B. cries C. fire D. air
25. A. drove B. ran C. looked D. jumped
26. A. quickly B. constantly C. narrowly D. occasionally
27. A. tiredness B. reality C. complaints D. burns
28. A. put out B. pick up C. take down D. look over
29. A. meet B. save C. hide D. check
30. A. remember B. protect C. leave D. repair
31. A. work B. wait C. end D. stay
32. A. granddaughter B. student C. neighbour D. parrot
33. A. excuses B. invitations C. advice D. support
34. A. Unfortunately B. Strangely C. Surprisingly D. Actually
35. A. threw B. gifted C. drew D. rented
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了一只宠物鹦鹉路易成功拯救了田纳西州的一个家庭的故事。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：克莱因一家被鸟儿反复和吵闹的叫声吵醒了。A.polite礼貌的；B.noisy吵闹的；C.soft松软的；D.usual通常的。根据“The Kleins were woken up by the bird’s repeated”可知，克莱因一家被吵醒是因为鸟儿反复吵闹的叫声。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：芭芭拉·克莱因最近对一家新闻机构说:“路易是一个真正的英雄。A. friend朋友；B. pet宠物；C. hero英雄；D. volunteer志愿者。根据“If it hadn’t been for him, I probably would have been asleep during the disaster.”可知，鸟儿救了克莱因一家的命，所以它是英雄。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他以前从来没有说过这话。A. word单词；B. signal信号；C. story故事；D. accident事故。根据“He started shouting ‘Fire’. ”可知，鸟儿喊出了以前没有说过的“着火”这个词。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们醒来时，他们震惊地发现火苗已经蔓延在房子的各个房间里。A. news新闻；B. cries喊叫；C. fire火灾；D. air空气。根据“He started shouting ‘Fire’.”可知，克莱因一家着火了。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：芭芭拉立即抱着她5岁的孙女跑出了房子。A. drove开车；B. ran跑步；C. looked看；D. jumped跳跃。根据“When they woke up, they were shocked to find the 4 had spread across the rooms of the house. ”可知，火灾情况危急，芭芭拉抱着孙女跑出去。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但她的丈夫拉里侥幸逃脱，随后因为烧伤被送往医院。A. quickly快速；B. constantly不断；C. narrowly狭窄、勉强；D. occasionally偶尔。根据“He kept saying he couldn’t breathe and I was shouting at him to the house. I quickly told him to get down and he crawled (爬) out”可知，芭芭拉丈夫因为跑回着火房子救宠物拿吉他，差点不能从火灾中逃生。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但她的丈夫拉里侥幸逃脱，随后因为烧伤被送往医院。A. tiredness疲惫；B. reality现实；C. complaints抱怨；D. burns燃烧。根据“Later he ran back into the house to try to 9 our pets and his guitar. He kept saying he couldn’t breathe ”可知，芭芭拉丈夫烧伤被送往医院。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：“拉里跑到厨房，试图用水扑灭火，”芭芭拉说。A. put out 扑灭；B. pick up捡起；C. take down 记下；D. look over检查。根据“the fire with water, ”可知，拉里想要用水扑灭火灾。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来他跑回屋里，试图救我们的宠物和他的吉他。A. meet见面；B. save拯救；C. hide隐藏；D. check检查。根据“Larry ran to the kitchen and was trying to 8 the fire with water,” 可知，拉里想要回到着火的房子里救宠物。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他一直说他无法呼吸，我就冲他大喊离开房子。A. remember记得；B. protect保护；C. leave离开；D. repair修理。根据上文“He kept saying he couldn’t breathe and I was shouting at him”可知，拉里很危险，芭芭拉让他赶紧离开着火的房子。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：芭芭拉说，她的丈夫不得不住院，医生试图治愈他，以便他能参加他孙女的六岁生日派对。A. work工作；B. wait等待；C. end结束；D. stay待在。根据“while doctors tried to cure him”可知， 芭芭拉丈夫需要住院，stay in hospital住院。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：芭芭拉说，她的丈夫不得不住院，医生试图治愈他，以便他能参加他可爱孙女的六岁生日派对。A. granddaughter孙女；B. student学生；C. neighbour邻居；D. parrot鹦鹉。根据上文“Barbara immediately carried her 5-year-old granddaughter”可知，芭芭拉孙女快过6岁生日了。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管家里一无所有，这家人还是收到了许多好心人的支持。A. excuses借口；B. invitations邀请；C. advice建议；D. support支持。根据“a generous person provided a flat to the Kleins and 15 a new baby parrot to the family. ”可知，芭芭拉一家得到了大家的支持。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，路易没能和他们一起活下来。A. Unfortunately不幸；B. Strangely奇怪；C. Surprisingly令人惊讶地；D. Actually事实上。根据“Louie didn’t survive with them.”可知，宠物鹦鹉没有活下来这是不幸地。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，让每个人都松了一口气的是，一个慷慨的人为克莱因一家提供了一套公寓，并为这家人赠送了一只刚出生的小鹦鹉。A. threw扔掉；B. gifted赠送；C. drew画画；D. rented租赁。根据“a generous person provided a flat to the Kleins and ”可知，小鹦鹉是慷慨的人送的。故选B。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ambassadors and counselors ____36____ eight embassies in Beijing watched the Chinese dance drama, Poetic Dance: The Journey of a Legendary Landscape Painting, at the National Center for the Performing Arts in Beijing on Aug 13 and 14. The dance drama, ____37____ first show was at the same venue a year ago and ____38____ (become) one of the most successful dance dramas in China so far, was directed by Zhou Liya and Han Zhen, both from the China Oriental Performing Arts Group. ____39____ (perform) by dancers of the Beijing-based company, the dance drama ____40____ (inspire) by the classic Chinese painting, A Panorama of Rivers and Mountains, by the artist Wang Ximeng during the Song Dynasty. It is ____41____ (universe) acknowledged to be one of ____42____ (significant) works in the history of Chinese fine art history. The 11-meter-long scroll painting is a ____43____ (fantasy) record of people’s lives and the natural scenery of that time, ____44____ (mix) realism with creative imagination. “_____45_____ we want to display in the two-hour-long dance drama is the beauty of the painting and China’s landscape,” the creative team said.
【答案】36. from
37. whose 38. has become
39. Performed
40. was inspired
41. universally
42. the most significant
43. fantastic
44. mixing 45. What
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。8月13日至14日，来自北京8个大使馆的大使和参赞在北京国家大剧院观看了中国舞剧《诗情画意》。文章介绍了这部舞剧的相关情况。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：8月13日至14日，来自北京8个大使馆的大使和参赞在北京国家大剧院观看了中国舞剧《诗情画意》。表示“来自”应用介词from。故填from。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这部舞剧由中国东方演艺集团周丽娅和韩震执导，一年前在同一场地首次演出，目前已成为中国最成功的舞剧之一。定语从句修饰先行词The dance drama，从句缺少定语，故用whose引导。故填whose。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：这部舞剧由中国东方演艺集团的周丽娅和韩震执导，一年前在同一场地首次演出，目前已成为中国最成功的舞剧之一。根据后文so far可知用现在完成时，非限制性定语从句谓语与先行词The dance drama保持一致，助动词用has。故填has become。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该舞剧由北京舞团的舞蹈演员表演，其灵感来自宋朝艺术家王希孟的中国经典名画《千里江山图》。分析句子结构可知perform与逻辑主语the dance drama构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Performed。
【40题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：该舞剧由北京舞团的舞蹈演员表演，其灵感来自宋朝艺术家王希孟的中国经典名画《千里江山图》。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合语境可知描述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was inspired。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：它被公认为是中国美术史上最重要的作品之一。修饰形容词应用副词universally，故填universally。
【42题详解】
考查最高级。句意：它被公认为是中国美术史上最重要的作品之一。此处为one of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数形式结构，significant的最高级在前面加the most。故填the most significant。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这幅11米长的卷轴画是对当时人们生活和自然风光的奇妙记录，融合了现实主义和创造性的想象。修饰后文名词record应用形容词fantastic，作定语。故填fantastic。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这幅11米长的卷轴画是对当时人们生活和自然风光的奇妙记录，融合了现实主义和创造性的想象。分析句子结构可知mix与逻辑主语The 11-meter-long scroll painting构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填mixing。
【45题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：创作团队表示：“我们想在长达两个小时的舞剧中展示绘画的美和中国的风景。”引导主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，故用what引导，句首单词首字母要大写。故填What。
第三部分 写作（15分）
46. 假定你是李华，将于今年七月从实验中学（Experimental Middle School）毕业。你从网站上得知一家电脑公司要招聘英语实习生（intern），你很感兴趣。请给该公司写一封求职信，内容包括：
1．自己的学习情况及英语水平；
2．自己的优势；
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
LiHua
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I have learned from the website that your company needs an English intern. I'm dying for the job and I think I am quite fit for it.
I'm an 18-year-old boy who will graduate from Experimental High School this July. My academic achievement ranks among the top ten in my school. Proficient at English, both written and spoken, I believe I will meet your demands. Besides, having been working for our student union for three years, I have learnt how to cooperate with others well. In addition, as an outgoing and optimistic boy, I'm very popular with my fellow classmates. I am sure that I can perfectly live up to your expectations.
I would be much appreciative if you could take my application into consideration. Looking forward to your earliest reply! Thank you very much!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封求职信，介绍自己的情况和优势。
【详解】词汇积累
渴望得到：be dying for→long for→be thirsty for
满足你的要求：meet your demand→satisfy your need
此外：besides→what’s more
考虑：take…into consideration→ consider
句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Proficient at English, both written and spoken, I believe I will meet your demands.
拓展句：I’m proficient at both written and spoken English, so I believe I will meet your demands.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I'm an 18-year-old boy who will graduate from Experimental High School this July.（运用了who引导的限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Besides, having been working for our student union for three years, I have learnt how to cooperate with others well.（运用了现在分词完成式作状语）
