(共78张PPT)
Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
课前·基础认知
课堂·重难突破
悦读 导入
随堂训练
悦读 导入
文章导语:科幻小说是一种起源于近代西方的文学体裁。其定义为在尊重科学结论的基础上进行合理设想的小说。儒勒·凡尔纳被誉为“科幻小说之父”,他的许多作品都非常成功,也一直是许多电影的主题。你喜欢科幻小说吗 你了解儒勒·凡尔纳吗
Science fiction has proved extremely difficult to define1.It has been explained as a combination of romance2,science and prediction,as a type of literature based on an imagined alternative to the reader’s environment,and as a form of fantastic fiction and historical literature.It has also been argued that science fiction descriptions are the most devoted,socially relevant,and responsive to the modern technological environment.
Anyhow,Sci-Fi,as it is commonly shortened,is a fictional story in which science and technology have a significant influence on the characters and plot.Many such works are guesswork about what the future holds and how scientific findings and technological advances will shape humankind.
Science fiction is a popular kind of writing,and many people think of Jules Verne as the father of science fiction.He was born in France in 1828.His father wanted him to become a lawyer,but from his early 20s Verne decided to become a writer.At first he wrote plays for the theatre.Then,in 1863,he wrote a story called Five Weeks in a Balloon.The success of this book encouraged him to write more stories such as A Journey to the Centre of the Earth(1864) and From the Earth to the Moon(1865).
In the 19th century,many people were interested in science and inventions.Jules Verne wrote about scientific subjects in his stories and,as a result,they were very popular. Verne’s writing included many predictions for the 20th century and many of them came true.He described space flight,movies,and air conditioning,a long time before they appeared.These books were very successful and they made Verne rich.
Jules Verne’s books have been the subjects for many movies. 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea,which uses real actors instead of cartoon drawings,was a great success as soon as it was released. Around the World in Eighty Days is another famous movie based on one of Verne’s books.
词海拾贝
1.define /dI faIn/ vt.定义;解释
2.romance /r m ns/ n.传奇故事;浪漫史
美文凝萃
1.What encouraged Jules Verne to write more stories
A.The plays he wrote for the theatre.
B.The encouragement from his father.
C.The success of Five Weeks in a Balloon.
D.The scientific subjects in his stories.
2.Do you like science fiction Why or why not
答案:1.C 2.The answer may be varied.
课前·基础认知
词 汇 认 知
重点单词
1. fiction n.小说;虚构的事
2. bonus n.意外收获;奖金;红利
3. dignity n.庄重;庄严;尊严
4. salary n.薪水;薪金
5. nail n.指甲;趾甲;钉子 vt.(用钉子)钉牢;固定
6. saleswoman n.女售货员;女推销员
7. dismiss vt.让(某人)离开;解散;解雇;消除
词汇拓展
1.integrity n.诚实正直;完整;完好→ integrate v.(使)合并;融入群体→ integrated adj.完整统一的;综合的→ integration n.整合;一体化;融合
2.appointment n.预约;约会;委任→ appoint vt.任命;委任;安排→ appointed adj.指定的;约定的
3.guilty adj.内疚的;有罪的;有过失的→ guilt n.内疚;有罪
4.suspend vt.悬;挂;暂停;暂缓→ suspension n.悬浮;暂缓
5.declare vt.表明;宣称;公布→ declaration n.公告;宣告;声明(书)
重点短语
1. test out 检验;测试
2. more like 更像是;更接近
3. or rather 更准确地说
4. after all 毕竟
阅 读 自 测
Step 1 Fast Reading
一、快速浏览课文,将段落与其相关内容进行匹配
Para.1: d a.Tony promised to help Claire.
Para.2: g b.Tony expressed his desires to Claire.
Para.3: i c.Tony suggested that Claire invite Gladys and her friends to her home.
Para.4: e d.A household robot would be tested out by Claire.
Para.5: a e.Claire told Tony about her upset.
Para.6: h f.Tony worked steadily on the improvements.
Para.7: c g.Claire felt alarmed because the robot called Tony seemed more like a human than a machine.
Para.8: f h.Tony improved Claire's makeup.
Para.9: b i.Claire felt embarrassed being looked after by Tony.
Step 2 Detailed Reading
二、仔细阅读课文,选择最佳答案
1.Why didn't Claire want the robot in her house C
A.Because she didn't like robots at all.
B.Because she didn't like the robot's appearance.
C.Because she was worried about being harmed by the robot.
D.Because the robot looked like a real person.
2.Why did Claire feel alarmed at the first sight of Tony C
A.Because he was a robot.
B.Because she didn't like him.
C.Because he seemed more like a human than a machine.
D.Because he never changed his facial expression.
3.Why did Claire feel embarrassed on the second morning A
A.Because Tony asked her whether she needed help dressing.
B.Because she was being offered sympathy by Tony.
C.Because Tony helped her a lot.
D.Because Tony brought his face close to hers.
4.How did Tony help Claire D
A.He helped her with her dressing.
B.He arranged the party for her.
C.He bought clothes for her.
D.He gave her a new hairstyle and improved her makeup.
5.What can we know about Tony according to paragraph 9 C
A.He intended to accompany her through the party.
B.He didn't want to be with her any more.
C.He wanted to stay with her.
D.He desired to please her.
课堂·重难突破
词 汇 精 讲
1.【教材原文】It was going to be tested out by Larry's wife,Claire.(page 2)
它将由拉里的妻子克莱尔进行试用。
考点test out 检验;测试
test n.& v.测验;试验;检验;考验
put sb/sth to the test 使……受考验;使……受检验
stand the test of time 经得起时间的考验
语境领悟
(1)The long climb tested our fitness and patience.
那次长距离爬山是对我们健康状况和忍耐力的考验。
(2)They opened a single store in Beijing to test out the market.
他们在北京只开了一家商店,检验一下市场情况。
(3)The friendship between us has stood the test of time.
我们之间的友谊已经受住了时间的考验。
学以致用
完成句子
(1)任何理论都要在实践中得到检验。
Any theory shall be tested out in practice.
(2)当我30多岁开始跑步时,我意识到这是一次对我的健康情况和意志力的考验。
When I started running in my 30s,I realised it was
a test of my fitness and willpower.
2.【教材原文】He seemed more like a human than a machine.(page 2)
他看着不太像机器,而更像一个真人。
考点more like 更像是;更接近
something like大约;有点像
anything like与……相像 (多用于疑问句或否定句中)
nothing like丝毫不像;绝对不
语境领悟
(1)(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time—but for him,it’s more like 12 boxes of donated strawberries nearing their last days.
迈克·科廷一直在看我的芝麻菜故事——但对他来说,这更像是12盒捐赠的草莓即将迎来生命的最后几天。
(2)It tastes something like melon.
这吃起来有点像甜瓜。
(3)I had never imagined anything like that.
我从未想象过那样的事。
(4)She looks nothing like her elder sister.
她一点也不像她姐姐。
学以致用
完成句子
(1)她对我的态度更像是一位朋友而不是一位母亲。
Her behaviour towards me is more like a friend than a mother.
(2)大约有500人。
There were something like 500 people.
_____ ______ ____ ______
___________ _______
(3)他一点也不像我第一个老板。
He isn’t anything like my first boss.
(4)沈老师的教学方法与我初中老师的完全不同。
Miss Shen’s method of teaching is nothing like that of the teachers at my junior high school.
_________ _______
_________ _______
3.【教材原文】So Claire borrowed some library books for him to read,or rather,scan.(page 2)
于是,克莱尔从图书馆借来了一些书让他阅读,更准确地说,是让他扫视。
考点or rather 更确切地说
rather adv.相反;而是
rather than 而不是
语境领悟
(1)The walls were not white,but rather a sort of dirty grey.
墙面不是白的,而是灰不溜秋的。
(2)He had to walk—or rather run—to the office.
他不得不走着,应该说是跑着,去办公室。
学以致用
完成句子
(1)记住,我们做这件事是为了我们的国家而不是为了我们
自己。
Keep in mind that we are doing this for our country
rather than for ourselves.
(2)他昨晚很晚才回家,更确切地说,他今天凌晨才回家。
He came home very late last night, or rather very early this morning.
______ ________
4.【教材原文】She had an appointment to paint her nails,then she went into an expensive clothes shop.(page 2)
她按预约去美甲后,走进了一家高档时装店。
考点appointment n.预约;约会;委任
make an appointment for... 为……而预约
appoint vt.任命;委任;安排
appoint sb (as)... 任命某人为……
appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事
appointed adj.指定的;约定的(常做定语)
语境领悟
(1)She made an appointment for her son to see the doctor.
她为儿子约定了看医生的时间。
(2)They appointed him (as) captain of the team.
他们任命他为这支队伍的队长。
(3)A date for the meeting is still to be appointed.
会议日期尚待确定。
(4)Everyone arrived at the appointed time.
全体人员均按规定时间到场。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)I have an appointment (appoint) to see the doctor for my medical examination.
(2)The committee was appointed to make (make) recommendations on housing development in the area.
(3)All the members gathered at the appointed (appoint) place and then we set off for the farm.
完成句子
(4)这几天我一直牙疼,我打算与我的医生预约检查一下。
I have been suffering from a toothache these days,and I'm going to make an appointment with my doctor for a check.
________ ________ _____________ __________
______ ________
5.【教材原文】After all,she knew Claire's husband's name was Larry,not Tony.(page 2)
毕竟她知道克莱尔丈夫的名字是拉里,不是托尼。
考点after all 毕竟;终归
above all 首先;首要的是(强调地位上的重要性)
at all 根本;丝毫(常用于否定句和疑问句中)
in all 总共
all in all 总的说来
语境领悟
(1)(2021·全国乙卷)After all,coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout.
毕竟,共同办公空间也通常使用一个开放的办公室布局。
(2)Don't get discouraged by setbacks;we are new to the work after all.
别因挫折而灰心,毕竟我们对这项工作还不熟悉。
(3)(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)We put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise training program,and nothing happened to them at all.
我们让身体健康的70岁老人参加了一年的运动训练计划,他们身上根本什么变化都没发生。
(4)There were twelve of us in all for dinner.
我们一共十二人吃饭。
(5)All in all this is a good film.
总的说来,这是一部好电影。
学以致用
选词填空(in all/after all/above all/at all/all in all)
(1)To be honest,I don't know about it at all .
(2)Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had too much homework,but he went after all .
(3)I would like to rent a house,modern,comfortable,
above all in a quiet neighbourhood.
(4)There are many beautiful sentences in your article and its handwriting is good too. All in all ,I'm quite satisfied with it.
(5)Up to now,we have learned 3,000 English words
in all .
6.【教材原文】Claire tried to help by working on a light suspended from the ceiling...(page 3)
克莱尔试图帮忙安装天花板上的吊灯……
考点suspend vt.悬;挂;暂停;暂缓
suspend sth from... 从……悬挂某物
suspend sb from sth 暂缓某人做某事
suspension n.悬浮;暂缓
suspension bridge 悬索桥;吊桥
suspense n.(对即将发生的事等的)担心;焦虑;兴奋;悬念
keep sb in suspense 使某人提心吊胆
语境领悟
(1)A light was suspended from the ceiling.
一盏灯悬挂在天花板上。
(2)Two students were suspended from school for their violation of school rules.
两位学生由于违反校规而被暂停上学。
(3)The suspension of fighting is to take effect at 6:00 a.m.on Monday.
停战协议定于周一早上6点生效。
(4)Don’t keep us in suspense.Tell us what happened!
别让我们的心老悬着了。告诉我们发生了什么事!
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)The athlete is appealing against his suspension (suspend).
(2)A successful writer can keep his readers in suspense throughout his tales.
(3)Bob was suspended from his office because he was accused of taking bribes.
7.【教材原文】The guests would be arriving soon,so Claire dismissed Tony for the rest of the night.(page 3)
客人们很快就要到了,于是克莱尔让托尼结束了当晚的工作。
考点dismiss vt.让(某人)离开;解散;解雇;消除
dismiss sb/sth as... 因为或作为……而对……不予考虑
dismiss sth from sb 从某人心中消除某事
dismiss sb from sth 从……解雇某人
dismissal n.解雇;开除;撤职;不予考虑
语境领悟
(1)The boss dismissed my ideas as impractical.
老板认为我的主意不切实际,所以不予考虑。
(2)Having dismissed nervousness in my mind,I entered the interview room.
消除了心中的紧张感之后,我走进了面试室。
(3)Two employees were dismissed from my company for their poor performances.
我的公司有两位职员因为表现不好被开除了。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)My parents' dismissal(dismiss) of my suggestions made me disappointed.
(2)I wanted to sign up for the football team but the coach dismissed me as too thin and weak.
写出下面句子中黑体词的恰当含义
(3)Later,after the test papers had been turned in,the teacher asked me to stay in the room when all the other students were dismissed. 解散
句 型 剖 析
1.【教材原文】Tony said that she must feel very unhappy to say that.(page 2)
托尼说她一定是很不高兴才会说出这样的话来。
句法分析
该句是主从复合句。that she ...that是宾语从句。to say that是结果状语,表示不高兴所带来的结果。
动词不定式做结果状语时,常常放在句末,有时可用逗号隔开,有时前面加副词only。
动词不定式做结果状语的常用结构还有:
(1)too...to do
(2)enough...to do
语境领悟
(1)He lived to be a very old man.
他活得很长。
(2)In 1935 he left home never to return.
1935年,他离开家再也没有回来。
(3)He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet.
他搬起石头砸了自己的脚。
(4)We hurried to say goodbye to him,only to find that he had left.
我们匆忙去和他道别,结果发现他已经离开了。
(5)After a long walk,I was too tired to move on.
走了很长的一段路后,我太累了,再也走不动了。
(6)Now I've saved enough to buy a house of my own.
现在我已积攒了足够的钱买一套属于自己的房子。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)When he got first prize in the English competition,Li Hua felt too excited to fall (fall) asleep.
(2)I think he must feel very angry with your work to scold (scold) you.
(3)Making patients smile is enough to produce (produce) beneficial effects on their recovery.
翻译句子
(4)请接受我的道歉,我当时太生气了才会说出那样让你难堪的话。
Please accept my apology.I was very angry to say such embarrassing words to you.
2.【教材原文】As she turned around,there stood Gladys Claffern.(page 2)
当她转身时,却看到格拉迪丝·克拉芬正站在那儿。
句法分析
该句是主从复合句。As she turned around是时间状语从句;主句是全部倒装句式。句子的主语是Gladys Claffern,谓语是stood,there做地点状语,正常语序应是Gladys Claffern stood there。
当here,there,now,then,in,down,out,up,off,away等表示地点、时间和方位的副词位于句首,谓语动词是come,go,live,lie,stand等,且主语是名词时,句子用全部倒装。其中谓语动词多用一般现在时或者一般过去时,不能用进行时态。
语境领悟
(1)There stands an old pine tree in front of our classroom.
我们教室前面有一棵老松树。
(2)(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier.
参加该项目的有80岁的露丝·泽维尔。
如果主语是人称代词,不用全部倒装,谓语动词仍然要跟在主语后面。如: Out I rushed to find where the noise came from. 我冲出去看一看从哪里来的吵闹声。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)Look!There comes (come) your teacher.
(2)Here are (be) coats for young people.
句型转换
(3)When I walked out of the woods,a clear lake appeared in front of our eyes.(改为全部倒装语序)
→When I walked out of the woods, in front of our eyes appeared a clear lake .
_____ _________ ______
_____ _________ ____________ _____ _________ _______
3.【教材原文】He suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return.(page 3)
他建议她邀请格拉迪丝和她的朋友到家里来,时间就定在他要离开,也就是拉里回家的前一天晚上。
句法分析一
该句是主从复合句。He suggested是主句;that she...to return是宾语从句,谓语动词suggested表示“建议”,后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气。
suggest表示“建议”时,相关从句要使用虚拟语气,从句的谓语要用“should+动词原形”,should可省略。具体有以下两种结构:
(1)suggest (that) sb (should) do...建议某人做……
(2)It is suggested that...(should) do...有人建议……
语境领悟
(1)(2022·北京卷)And that brings me back to Taylor,who suggested that I read his book Q for Quantum.
那让我想起了泰勒,他建议我读他的《量子Q》一书。
(2)It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off till next week.
有人建议把会议推迟到下个星期。
suggest表示“暗示;表明”时,后面的从句不使用虚拟语气。 Her expression suggested that she had told a lie. 她的表情表明她撒了谎。
句法分析二
before he...return是时间状语从句,was to leave和was to return是“be to do”结构。
be to do的用法:
(1)表示按计划或安排将要发生的事。
(2)表示命中注定或预期的结果。
(3)表示命令、同意、劝告、意愿、禁止等。
语境领悟
(1)All the students were to gather in the playground.
所有的学生都要在操场上集合。
(2)Children are not to smoke.
儿童不准吸烟。
(3)This experience was to change his life.
这次经历注定会改变他的生活。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)Some classmates suggested we (should) go (go) to places of interest nearby.I think that it was a good idea.
(2)He takes classes every week,but his attitude suggests he is (be) not really interested in these subjects.
(3)The students were cleaning the classroom—a class party was to be held (hold).
(4)According to the regulations,all the students are to go (go) to bed before 11 p.m.
完成句子
(5)I have heard that you are to come to our school (你们要来我们学校) as exchange students,and I,on behalf of our class,welcome you warmly and sincerely.
______ ________ _____ _______ ______
______ ________
翻译句子
(6)我建议你与你的父母面对面进行一次交流,争取得到他们的理解。
I suggest that you (should) have a face-to-face conversation with your parents and get their understanding.
随堂训练
一、单句语法填空
1.To be exact,our travel to the Forbidden City is more (much) of a learning class than a tour.
2.After about three hours,we arrived at the house, or rather,a low bamboo hut with grass stuck out of the roof.
3.Adult children should show up on time for family dinners or events,or to pick a parent up for a medical appointment(appoint).
4.Julia was suspended from her job because of her bad performance in her job.
5.What a pity!She must have felt nervous in the examination to make (make) such a silly mistake.
6.Do not let any failures discourage you,for you can never tell how close you may be to victory.
7.Look!There comes (come) the bus.Let's hurry!
8.At the meeting,I suggested that a survey (should) be made (make) about how many students take interest in doing housework for their parents.
9.The look on my teacher's face suggested that he was (be) satisfied with my work.
10.When we graduated from high school,we didn't know we were to work (work) in the same company five years later.
二、选词填空
1.I heard someone calling me,but when I turned around,no one was in sight.
2.The new method must be tested out in one or two classes before it is widely used.
3.You're not supposed to look down upon those who are behind in their studies. After all ,they have their advantages.
test out,after all,turn around
三、翻译句子
1.正是因为你的正直,我们都喜欢与你相处。(integrity)
It's because of your integrity that we all like to get along with you.
2.我必须承认,你看起来更像我们的朋友。(more like)
I must admit that you seem more like our friend.
3.消除了心中的恐惧感之后,李华踏上舞台,开始了他的才艺表演。(dismiss)
Having dismissed fear from his mind,Li Hua stepped onto the stage and began to show his talent performance.
4.这个月我得忙着复习功课,因为月底学校要组织一次重要的考试。(be to do)
This month I have to be busy reviewing my lessons,for the school is to conduct an important examination at the end of the month. (共53张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
课前·基础认知
课堂·重难突破
随堂训练
课前·基础认知
词 汇 认 知
重点单词
1. gramme n.克(重量单位)
2. flour n.面粉;(谷物磨成的)粉
3. chairwoman n.女主席;女董事长;女委员长
4. venue n.活动场地(如音乐厅、会场等)
词汇拓展
1.weekly adj.每周的 n.周刊→ daily adj.每日的→ monthly adj.每月的→ yearly adj.每年的
2.calculate vt.计算;核算;预测→ calculation n.计算;估计;预测→ calculator n.计算器
3.salesman n.售货员;推销员→ saleswoman n.女售货员
重点短语
1. in a hurry 匆忙
2. be aware of 意识到……
3. be charged with 被控告……
4. on a...basis 根据;以……的方式(基准)
5. as a reward for... 作为对……的回报
6. set up 建立
7. get caught up 陷入……
语法图解
被动语态
探究发现
1.It was going to be tested out by Larry's wife,Claire.
2....but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn't harm her or allow her to be harmed.
3.Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human,and it was disturbing.
4.As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops,he wrote out a list of things that he would need for his work on the house.
5.It is said that a new headmaster will be appointed in our school next semester.
当主语是动作的 承受者 时,动词要用被动语态。动词不定式的被动语态的构成是 to be done ;一般将来时的被动语态的构成是 will be done ;过去进行时的被动语态的构成是 was/were being done 。
课堂·重难突破
词 汇 精 讲
【教材原文】They believe if AI can handle tasks like calculating and driving for us,we will have more time for creating,thinking,and “being human”.(page 4)
他们认为,如果人工智能可以为我们处理像计算、驾驶这样的任务的话,我们就会有更多的时间进行创造、思考和“做人”了。
考点calculate vt.计算;核算;预测
It is calculated that...据估计……
calculation n.计算;估计;预测
do/make a calculation计算
语境领悟
(1)(2022·全国乙卷)It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance,including sending maintenance staff,often at night,to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure.
据估算,仅欧洲铁路每年就花费约200亿欧元用于维护,包括经常在夜间派遣维护人员检查和维修铁路基础设施。
学以致用
完成句子
(1)据估计,这个国家几乎所有的大学毕业生已找到了工作。
It is calculated that almost all the college graduates in the country have got jobs.
(2)学生们被要求计算圆的面积。
The students were asked to do/make a calculation about the area of a circle.
______ ______ _____________ _______
_________ ____ __________
句 型 剖 析
1.【教材原文】She has been interviewed many times, appeared on the covers of magazines,and become the first non-human in the world to be given citizenship by a country.(page 4)
她已多次接受过采访,出现在杂志封面上,并且已成为世界上第一个被某个国家授予国籍的非人类。
句法分析
该句有三个并列谓语,即have been interviewed,appeared和become。to be given citizenship by a country是动词不定式做后置定语修饰前面的non-human。
当名词由最高级或last,first等表次序的词以及the best以及the only,the very,the right等词修饰时,后面要用不定式做定语,这些名词与动词不定式有逻辑上的主谓关系。结构:the first/last/best/right/...+n.+to do sth第一个/最后一个/最好的一个/合适的一个/……做某事的人/物
语境领悟
(1)The last man to leave the sinking ship was the captain.
最后一个离开沉船的人是船长。
(2)That hill is the most difficult to climb up.
那座小山是最难攀爬的。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)When there is a football match,he is always the first boy to come (come).
(2)This is the best computer game to entertain (entertain) children.
完成句子
(3)He was the best man to do the job (做这项工作).
(4)She was the first woman to win a gold medal (赢得金牌) in the Olympic Games.
______ ______ _______ _______
______ ______ _______ _______
______
2.【教材原文】When it comes to games,2017 became a year in which AI defeated humans in so many games that AI researchers say that it will not be long before AI can win at almost everything.(page 4)
谈到比赛,2017年成了人工智能在那么多比赛中击败人类的一年,以至于人工智能的研究者们说,人工智能不久就可能在几乎所有方面获胜。
句法分析一
该句是较复杂的主从复合句。When it comes to games是时间状语从句,也是惯用搭配;in which...everything是由“介词+which”引导的定语从句;so...that...是惯用句型,that是连接词,引导结果状语从句;that it...everything是宾语从句。
When it comes to...,是一个常用句式,也是考查的重点。要注意to是介词,不是动词不定式符号,其后要跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式做宾语。
语境领悟
(1)The school has good teachers,but when it comes to teaching facilities,it is poor.
这所学校有优秀的教师,但说到教学设施的话,确实不好。
(2)When it comes to raising children,different parents have different opinions.
涉及如何养育孩子时,不同的家长有不同的观点。
句法分析二
It will be/was+时间段+before...
(1)It will be+时间段+before...表示“将过某段时间才……”。
It will not be long before...表示“不久就……”。
(2)It was+时间段+before...表示“过去了某段时间就……了”。
易混句式: It is/has been+时间段+since... 自从……以来已有某段时间了 It is/was+时间点+when... 做某事是在某个具体的时间 It is/was+时间状语+that... 是在什么时间做的某事(强调句型)
语境领悟
(1)It was less than half a month before she quit her job.
不到半个月她就辞职了。
(2)It will be half a year before you graduate from this school.
半年后你才能从这所学校毕业。
(3)It was nine o'clock when we got home last night.
昨天晚上我们到家时已经9点了。
(4)It was at nine o'clock that we got home last night.
昨天晚上我们是在9点钟到家的。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)When it comes to learning (learn) a language,admitting that you don't know everything is the key to growth.
(2)If you miss this chance,it may be years before you get another one.
(3)How long is it since you got to know each other
(4)It was 11 p.m. when we finished our experiment.
(5)It was at 11 p.m. that we finished our experiment.
完成句子
(6)谈到与别人相处,诚实是最好的策略。
Honesty is the best policy when it comes to getting on with others .
________ ______ _________ ______
________ ______ _______ ________
语法精析
被动语态
英语中动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。汉语中常用“被”“给”“由”“受”等词来表示被动,而英语中由“be+动词过去分词”构成。
一、各种时态的被动语态
一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时和过去完成时的被动语态是考查重点。被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上,其变化规则与系动词be相同。以do为例:
项目 一般时态 进行时态 完成时态
现在 am/is/are done am/is/are being done have/has been done
过去 was/were done was/were being done had been done
将来 shall/will be done
(2022·全国乙卷)May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day,which was named officially by the United Nations on November 27th,2019.
今年的5月21日是第一个国际茶日,该节日于2019年11月27日由联合国正式命名。
(2022·全国甲卷)Goffin's cockatoos,a kind of small parrot native to Australasia,have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old.
戈芬的凤头鹦鹉是一种原产于澳大拉西亚的小型鹦鹉,已显示具有与两岁的人类相似的形状识别能力。
(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)After a three-year pilot period,the GPNP will be officially set up next year.
经过三年的试运行期,大熊猫国家公园将于明年正式成立。
二、 主动语态表示被动意义
1.有些动词如read,write,clean,wash,burn,draw,cook,keep,cut,open,sell,act等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,常和副词well,easily,smoothly等连用,且通常用主动结构表示被动意义。这些动词的主语一般是表示物的词,且这些物往往具有某种内在的特点,这些句子的时态多用一般现在时或一般将来时。
This pen writes smoothly.这笔写起来很流畅。
The cloth washes well.这种布料耐洗。
2.有些感官动词做系动词用时,常用其主动形式表示被动意义,这些感官动词有look,sound,feel,taste等。
The mountain looks like a huge cow.
这座山看起来像一头巨大的奶牛。
What you've said sounds reasonable.
你所说的听起来有道理。
3.need,require,want,be worth后跟动词-ing的主动形式表被动意义。
My watch can't work;it needs repairing.
我的手表不能用了,需要修了。
This film is really worth seeing.
这部电影的确值得看。
三、 动词不定式的被动形式和用法
当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式一般要用被动形式。to be done表示动词不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之后或同时发生;to have been done表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前。
(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Additionally,from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home,both of which will be graded.
此外,我会不时安排小组作业在课堂上完成,或安排短期作业在家完成,这两项作业都会被评分。
I'm pleased to have been given this opportunity.
我很高兴得到了这次机会。
四、动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义
1.当动词不定式放于名词或代词之后做定语,不定式和名词之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系,同时又和句中另一名词或代词构成逻辑上的主谓关系时,不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
Would you bring me a bench to sit on
你给我拿个凳子来坐好吗
如果动词不定式做后置定语,不定式和所修饰的词构成逻辑上的动宾关系,但其逻辑主语不是句子的主语,则使用动词不定式的被动形式。 I'll go to the post office.Do you have a letter to be posted 我要去邮局。你有信要寄吗 (post与主语you之间不存在主动关系,只和前面的letter构成逻辑上的动宾关系。)
2.在句型“主语+be+形容词+不定式”中,当形容词后跟不定式做状语,而句子的主语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时,常用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。这样的形容词有很多,常用的有amusing,cheap,comfortable,dangerous,difficult,easy,fit,hard,important,impossible,interesting,nice,pleasant,funny,heavy,light等。
That question is difficult to answer.
那个问题难以回答。
单句语法填空
(1)He hurried home,never once looking back to see if he was being followed (follow).
(2)Amy,as well as her brothers, was given (give) a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.
(3)Equipped with 5G technology,this new type of mobile phone is popular and sells (sell) well.
即学即练
(4)It feels (feel) dangerous to live in such a poor house,which needs badly repairing (repair).
(5)There are still many problems to be solved (solve) before we are ready for a long stay.
(6)With the world changing fast,we have something new
to deal (deal) with all by ourselves every day.
(7)Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier to break (break) into small pieces.
随堂训练
一、单句语法填空
1.Laboratory work needs not only accurate measurements but also correct calculation (calculate).
2.These countries have something in common when it comes to celebrating (celebrate) festivals.
3.It won't be quite a long time before your son is back,so don't be worried.
4.They were trained (train) well by their masters who had great experience with caring for these animals.
5.The chair looks rather hard,but in fact,it is very comfortable to sit (sit) on.
6.A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who were trapped (trap) in the mountains for two days.
7.Obviously,the article my deskmate wrote yesterday requires polishing (polish) again.
8.The play to be produced (produce) next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.
9.I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan had been carried(carry) out in the past two years.
10.The airport to be completed (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.
二、完成句子
1.听说当地城市要举办一场中国画展,因此我写信申请成为你们团队的一名志愿者。
Having heard that a Chinese painting exhibition
will be held in the local city,I am writing to apply to be a volunteer of your team.
2.他们现在和父母住在一起,因为他们自己的房子正在重建。
They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house is being rebuilt .
______ ______ ______
______ _______ __________
3.我们仍有许多儿童要去照管。
We still have many poor children
to take care of .
4.这所大学以给国际学生设置的语言和文化课程而闻名。
The university is known for its language and culture courses which are designed for international students.
______ _______ _________ _____
______ _____________ ______
三、用括号内动词的正确形式完成下面小语篇
The space station 1. will be completed (complete) within the next decade.What can 2. be done (do) to improve living conditions in space Here's what former astronauts suggest:
Food
It doesn't taste as good in zero gravity.Food should 3. be made (make) spicier in order for those effects 4. to be overcome (overcome).International tastes must also 5. be considered (consider).
Clothing
Layered clothing could help astronauts stay comfortable.The top layer should be designed 6. to be removed (remove) or added as temperatures vary.
Sleeping
Because of weightlessness,sometimes sleep 7.is disturbed (disturb) in fortable restraints must 8.be provided (provide) to give a sense of stability.
Emotional Needs
People need “down time” in space just as they do on Earth.Time ought to be provided for relaxation and privacy.(共52张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Using Language, Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
课前·基础认知
课堂·重难突破
随堂训练
课前·基础认知
词 汇 认 知
重点单词
1. superior adj.更好的;占优势的;(在级别或重要性上)更高的
2. labour n.劳动(者);体力劳动 vi.奋斗;努力工作
3. leather n.皮革;[pl.]皮衣;皮外套
4. panel n.控制板;仪表盘;专家咨询组
5. inch n.英寸(长度单位,等于2.54厘米)
6. backwards adv.向后;倒着;往回
7. niece n.侄女;外甥女
8. fetch vt.(去)拿来;(去)请来
9. handkerchief n.手帕;纸巾
10. pace n.速度;步伐;节奏 vt.& vi.确定速度;调整节奏
11. random adj.随机的;不可思议的
12. maximum adj.最大极限的 n.最大量;最大限度
词汇拓展
1.division n.分开;分隔;差异;除(法)→ divide v.(使)分开;(使)意见不一;除以→ divided adj.有分歧的
2.urge n.强烈的欲望;冲动 vt.催促;力劝;大力推荐→ urgent adj.紧迫的;催促的;急切的
3.explode vi.& vt.爆炸;爆破→ explosion n.爆炸;猛增→ explosive adj.易爆炸的 n.爆炸物;炸药
4.mud n.泥;泥浆→ muddy adj.泥泞的;浑浊的
重点短语
1. superior to 比……更好;更胜一筹
2. take over 占上风;取而代之;接管;接手
3. conflict with 与……冲突或抵触
4. turn out 关掉;熄灭;在场;使朝外;结果是
5. fall away (逐渐)减少;消失
6. have an urge to do sth 有强烈的欲望做某事
阅 读 自 测
Step 1 Fast Reading
一、快速浏览课文,将段落与其主旨大意相匹配
Para.1: b a.I was thrown through the air when I stopped the Time Machine.
Para.2: e b.I had a try on the machine.
Para.3: c c.I had a strange and unpleasant feeling of time travelling.
Para.4: a d.I found myself in the rain in some mud.
Para.5: d e.I began the experience of time travel.
Step 2 Detailed Reading
二、仔细阅读课文,选择最佳答案
1.Why did the Time Traveller think his mind had tricked him A
A.He saw his laboratory exactly as before.
B.He was still in the laboratory.
C.It was already half past three.
D.Something had apparently changed.
2.Why did the Time Traveller draw a breath C
A.To operate the machine.
B.Being excited.
C.To gather courage.
D.Being worried.
3.Why did the Time Traveller want to stop the Time Machine B
A.Because he was too frightened.
B.To look at the things that were being flashed before his eyes.
C.To see where he was.
D.Because he was satisfied with his experience.
课堂·重难突破
词 汇 精 讲
1.【教材原文】In sci-fi stories,robots often become superior and take over.(page 6)
在科幻故事中,机器人经常变得高级,并且占上风。
考点一superior adj.更好的;占优势的;(在级别或重要性上)更高的
superior to 比……更好;更胜一筹(to是介词,相当于better than)
inferior to 次于,劣于;不如
语境领悟
(1)China is enjoying the great convenience of communication due to its superior IT technology.
中国因为高超的IT技术,享受着通信的巨大便利。
(2)This model is technically superior to its competitors.
该模型在技术上优于它的竞争对手。
(3)I admit that I am inferior to him in many respects.
我承认在许多方面不如他。
考点二take over 占上风;取而代之;接管;接手
take构成的其他动词词组:
take back 撤回(说过的话);退回
take down 写下;拆掉
take off 脱下;起飞;休假;(观念、产品等)突然大受欢迎
take up 从事;占据;接着做
take on 呈现;承担(责任);雇用
take in 吸入;包括;理解;欺骗
语境领悟
(1)In the second half of the basketball match,our class took over and finally beat Class 14 by 98∶86.
在篮球比赛的下半场,我们班占了上风,最后以98比86战胜了14班。
(2)He intends his son to take over his business.
他打算让他的儿子接管他的生意。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)It seems that there are too many vegetarians(素食者) who believe that their way of eating is superior to any other.
(2)After ten years of hard work,his business began to take off .
(3)She takes on extra work on Sundays.
(4)This table takes up too much room.
(5)When he retired,his eldest daughter took over the farm.
翻译句子
(6)在我看来,从某种意义上来说,中医比西医要有优越性。
In my opinion/From my perspective,Chinese medicine is superior to western medicine in a sense.
2.【教材原文】Night came as if a lamp was being turned out...(page 8)
夜幕降临了,好像一盏灯正在熄灭……
考点turn out关掉;熄灭;在场;使朝外;结果是
turn out to be... 结果是……
It turned out that... 结果是……
turn off 关掉
turn down 调小(音量等);拒绝
turn up 调大(音量等);出现
turn in 上交
turn to 转向;向……求助
turn away 把脸转向别处;不许进入
turn over 使翻转;移交
turn on打开
语境领悟
(1)Don't forget to turn out the light when you leave the classroom.
你离开教室时别忘了关灯。
(2)Large numbers of residents turned out to watch the race.
大量的居民出来观看这次比赛。
(3)As I take a train,I like to sit beside the windows so that I can turn out to watch the countryside scenery flashing by.
我坐火车时,喜欢坐在窗户旁边,这样我可以朝外观望闪过的乡村风景。
(4)You can't expect everything to turn out as you wish.
很难万事如意。
(5)The weather turned out to be fine.
天气结果证明很好。
(6)It turned out that all the students agree on the plan.
结果显示,所有的学生都同意这个计划。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)It's getting dark.Please turn on the light.
(2)Could you turn up the TV,please I can't hear it clearly.
(3)Would you mind turning down the music a little Don't you think it's too loud
(4)I can turn to Tom for help.He is good at this subject.
(5)Do remember to turn off all the lights before you leave the classroom.
(6)The weather turned out to be fine,which hadn't been expected.
3.【教材原文】As my pace grew faster,the walls of the laboratory fell away,and I was left in the open air.(page 8)
我的速度越来越快,实验室的墙壁随之坍塌,我置身野外。
考点fall away (逐渐)减少;消失
fall behind 落后
fall for 爱上;倾心于;信以为真
fall off 数量减少;质量下降
fall on/upon 落在……;向……进攻;抓住
fall out 掉落;脱落;吵架
语境领悟
(1)The number of people coming to the club has fallen away a lot.
来这家俱乐部的人数大大减少了。
(2)The old customs have fallen away into disuse.
这些旧风俗已经不再使用了。
(3)Flowers are falling away.
花儿在凋谢。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)The wind fell away and all was calm.
(2)Diligence helps one to go forward,whereas laziness makes one fall behind .
(3)The service in this restaurant has been falling off for a long time.
(4)My wife always falls for the most expensive dresses in the shop!
(5)The Lantern Festival falls on/upon the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.
(6)As she picked up the envelope,a key fell out .
4.【教材原文】I had a strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes!(page 8)
我有一种强烈的欲望,想看看眼前那些随机闪现的东西!
考点urge n.强烈的欲望;冲动 vt.催促;力劝;大力推荐
(1)have an urge to do sth 有强烈的欲望做某事
urge sb to do sth 催促/力劝某人做某事
urge that.../It is urged that...催促/大力推荐……(that从句要用虚拟语气,从句谓语用“should+动词原形”,should可省略)
(2)urgent adj.紧迫的;催促的;急切的
It is urgent that...……是紧急的。(从句谓语用“should+动词原形”,should可省略)
(3)urgency n.紧急;急迫
语境领悟
(1)The vacation is coming and I have a strong urge to travel.
假期快到了,我有强烈的旅行欲望。
(2)We must urge people who smoke to abandon the habit.
我们必须催促吸烟者戒掉这个习惯。
(3)It is urged that all children (should) take medical examination twice a year.
有人力劝所有儿童一年接受两次体检。
(4)It is urgent that we should bring the fire under control.
紧急的是我们要把火势控制住。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)I urged that she accept (accept) the invitation.
(2)They forecasted the urgent (urge) storm warning.
(3)They urged that the Science Museum (should) be kept (keep) open during the vacation.
句 型 剖 析
1.【教材原文】It was at ten o'clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career.(page 8)
今天上午十点,所有时间机器中的第一台启动了其运转之旅。
句法分析
该句是强调句,对时间状语at ten o'clock today进行了强调。正常语序是The first of all Time Machines began its career at ten o'clock today.。
强调句型的基本结构为“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分”。被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语和状语;被强调的成分表示人时,that和who均可用,否则只能用that。
强调句型的两种特殊形式:
(1)一般疑问句形式:Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who...
(2)特殊疑问句形式:特殊疑问词+is/was it+被强调部分+that...
语境领悟
(1)It is only I who/that am willing to go to the film.
愿意去看电影的只有我。
(2)It was a key that I found in his pocket.
我在他口袋里找到的是一把钥匙。
(3)It was in the park that I found the lost pet dog.
我是在公园里找到了那只丢失的宠物狗。
(4)I remember it was at a party that I got to know him.
我记得是在一次聚会上我认识的他。
(5)Is it in 1969 that the American astronauts succeeded in landing on the moon
美国宇航员是在1969年成功登上月球的吗
(6)Where was it that you saw the man
你到底是在哪儿看到那个人的
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)It was when we were returning home that I realised it was good.
(2)It was last weekend that I saw one of my high school classmates.
(3)Was it in the mall that you had your purse picked
(4)What was it that made you so excited
句型转换
(5)We can create a harmonious atmosphere with sincerity and faithfulness.(用It强调句强调状语)
→It was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere.
2.【教材原文】So long as I travelled at maximum speed,it didn't matter.(page 9)
只要我以最高速度前进,就不会有什么问题。
句法分析
该句是主从复合句。主句是it didn't matter;So long as...是条件状语从句。
so long as在语义上与as long as相同,都可作为连接词引导条件状语从句,表示“只要……”。
易混短语: so/as far as 就……而言 so/as far as sth is concerned 就……而言 so/as far as I know 就我所知
语境领悟
(1)One's life has value as long as he brings value to the life of others.
只要一个人给其他人的生活带来价值,那么他的生命就有价值。
(2)I don't care about the price,so long as the car is in good condition.
我不计较价钱,只要车况好就行了。
(3)This arrangement is quite satisfactory,so far as I am concerned.
就我而言,这样的安排很好。
学以致用
完成句子
(1)Don't lose heart.I'm sure you'll win as/so long as you go all out (只要你全力以赴).
(2) As far as I know (就我所知),your foundation can help those species that are at the edge of distinction.
_______ _______
____ _______ _______ ______ ________
______ _______ ______ ______ _______
随堂训练
一、单句语法填空
1.This model is technically superior to its competitors.
2.I didn't expect much of this project but it turned out quite well.
3.Chemical works are urged to cut (cut) carbon emissions by adopting superior production technology.
4.It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house that we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
5.They are talking so excitedly as if they had been (be) friends before,while in fact they have known each other for only two hours.
6.I still remember the time we spent together as if it were(be) yesterday.
二、易混对比练
Group 1:
1.It was at midnight that I finally finished my homework.
2.It was midnight when I finally finished my homework.
Group 2:
3.Obviously,your mobile phone is superior to mine.
4.Obviously,your mobile phone is better than mine.
Group 3:
5.As long as one puts effort into study,he will make progress in whatever he does.
6.As far as I can remember,he hasn't be so careless as to make such a silly mistake.
三、翻译句子
1.正是自律才使他每天都能完成应该完成的任务。(It强调句)
It is his self-discipline that makes him able to complete what he ought to do every day.
2.我的同桌描述了这个节日就好像他亲自参加过似的。(as if)
My deskmate described the festival as if he had taken part in it himself.
3.总之,只要你坚持锻炼,你一定会拥有健康的身体。(as long as)
In a word,as long as you insist on exercising,you are sure to have healthy body.
4.在电视上看到云南的美景后,我有了这个暑假去中国旅游的欲望。(urge)
After seeing the beautiful scenery of Yunnan on TV,I have an urge to travel to China this summer. (共14张PPT)
Section Ⅳ Writing
写作 触类旁通
写作指导
本单元的写作属于新课标中的说明文或记叙文中的“想象性”作文。科幻故事表现了人类在未来世界的物质精神文化生活和科学技术远景,其内容交织着科学事实、预见和想象。
科幻故事是开放式作文的一种,一般给出一段材料,要求学生充分发挥想象力来拓展原材料内容,运用逻辑推理的方法,沿着材料的纵横方向延伸,给故事添加开头、结尾或中间过程。想象必须合理而且内容丰富,要抓住主题,运用恰当的词汇、句型等写出连贯的表达,语言要流畅、具有美感。
科幻故事类作文
写科幻故事需要遵循以下步骤:
1.仔细审题,确定文章结构
科幻故事的写作一般可分为三部分:第一部分为故事的开始;第二部分为故事发展的过程及结果;最后一部分提出故事的教育意义。
2.根据需要确定时态
科幻故事通常发生在未来,因此应以一般将来时为主。
3.筛选词汇
科幻故事一般为虚构的故事,为了吸引读者,故事的语言要生动。
典题示例
你校校报英语角举办科幻故事征文比赛,请你写一个关于飞碟的故事参加比赛。内容包括:
1.时间,地点;2.主要情节;3.你的感受。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.故事题目已经给出,不计入总词数。
The Flying Saucer
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
写作探究
审题谋篇
词汇推敲
1.crawl 爬;爬行
2.cool down 变凉
3.flash 掠过;飞速运动
4.come down 降落;着陆
提分句型
1.then引导的倒装句
2.which引导的非限制性定语从句
3.不定式做结果状语
4.find+宾语+宾语补足语
5.what引导的名词性从句
妙笔成篇
The Flying Saucer
It was hot at night and I couldn't fall asleep in the tent,so I crawled out of the tent to cool down.
Suddenly a bright light flashed across the sky and then appeared a flying saucer,which looked just like the one I had read.I quickly hid behind a stone and saw an alien come down through a round door.He walked into my tent,and came out with something in his hand.The Flying Saucer flew then.I immediately ran into my tent only to find my phone missing.
I was too puzzled to believe what I had seen.But I decided that the next time the alien came, I would talk to him.
即学即练
假如未来生活中的每个家庭都有机器人帮手,你想要一个什么样的机器人来作为你的家庭帮手呢 请你发挥想象,写一篇题为“The robot I want”的短文。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.合理发挥想象,以使文章生动。
The robot I want
The robot I want must be very hard-working;it can do anything for me.It can help me with all of my housework.It can cook meals for my family and send me to school.When I have trouble with my studies,it can be my teacher.
The robot can also bring me endless happiness.It has feeling like we human beings.When I meet with unpleasant things,the robot will chat with me until I become happy.When I feel lonely,the robot will play with me.If I want to have a look at the outside world,the robot will spread its beautiful wings and take me there.
This kind of robot is what I want.
