潮阳黄图盛中学2023-2024学年度第一学期期中考试
高二英语
满分130分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、学校、班级、考生号填在答题卡上。
2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡上各题目指定区域内相应的位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔或涂改液，不按以上要求作答无效。
第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Female journalists who changed the world
Helen Thomas
Helen was a White House reporter who had a front row seat of history as she interviewed ten American presidents across her career. She was praised for her cruel drive, with one White House press secretary describing her questioning as torture(拷问). Her refusal to hide her strong opinions, even when asking questions to a president, made her one of the best-known journalists in Washington and a rule in her field.
Marie Colvin
The passionate and award-winning American journalist Marie Colvin worked as a foreign reporter at The Sunday Times from 1985 until she died in February 2012, while covering the Siege of Homs(霍姆斯的围攻) in Syria. Marie crossed into Syria on the back of a motorcycle, ignoring the Syrian government’s attempt to prevent foreign journalists from entering the country.
Mary Garber
In 1946, sports journalism was a man's job where female sports writers weren't allowed to enter press boxes. Mary Garber changed that by paving the way for female sports writers. She first covered high school sports and then reported on college athletics. In June 2005, she became the first woman to receive the Associated Press Sports Editors' Red Smith Award, presented annually since 1981 for major contributions to sports journalism.
Ann Leslie
Few reporters have filed stories from more than 70 countries, but British journalist Ann Leslie is considered a unique force in journalism. Because the 73-year-old woman has witnessed and reported on some of the most significant events of the late 20th century. She was there when the Berlin Wall came down, and she lost her shoes in the crush waiting for Nelson Mandela's release.
1. What do we know about Helen from Paragraph 1
A. She made friends with ten American presidents.
B. She liked to make her strong opinions known.
C. She often got into trouble due to her questions.
D. She was regarded as the best journalist in America.
2. From Paragraph 2 we can infer that Marie Colvin .
A. was a very brave woman
B. enjoyed riding a motorcycle
C. was awarded by the Syrian government
D. was killed by the Syrian government
3. Who opens the door for women sports reporters
A. Helen Thomas. B. Marie Colvin. C. Mary Garber. D. Ann Leslie.
B
Stephen Hawking was a British scientist, professor and author who performed groundbreaking work in physics and cosmology(安全), and whose books helped to make science accessible to everyone.
At the age of 21, Hawking first began to notice problems with his physical health while he was at Oxford—he would sometimes trip and fall—but he didn’t look into the problem until 1963. But when his father discovered the condition, he took Hawking to see a doctor. For the next two weeks, the 21-year-old college student made his home at a medical clinic.
Eventually, however, doctors did diagnose(诊断) Hawking with the early stages of ASL(渐冻症). It was devastating news for him and his family. Not long after he left hospital, Hawking had a dream that he was going to realize. He said this dream made him aware that there were still things to do with his life.
In a sense, Hawking’s disease helped turn him into the noted scientist he became. Before the diagnosis, Hawking hadn’t always focused on his studies. “Before my condition was diagnosed, I had been very bored with life,” he said. “There had not seemed to be anything worth doing.” With the sudden realization that he might not even live long enough to earn his Ph. D., Hawking poured himself into his work and research. On March 14, 2018, Hawking finally died of ALS, the disease that was supposed to have killed him more than 50 years earlier. The news touched many in his field and beyond. Lawrence Krauss tweeted, “A star just went out in the cosmos. We have lost an amazing human being. Hawking fought and tamed the cosmos bravely for 76 years and taught us all something important about what it truly means to celebrate about being human.”
4. What made Hawking devoted himself to his work and research
A. His father’s guidance about his Ph. D. B. His own awareness about his limited life.
C. His doctor’s advice on his physical health. D. His attempt to be a noted scientist.
5. What do we know about Hawking according to the passage
A. His father first took notice of his health condition.
B. Hawking decided to realize his dream when young.
C. Hawking is highly praised for his contribution to human.
D. Hawking found all worth doing before he knew his illness.
6. What does the underlined word “tamed” mean in the last paragraph
A. explored. B. balanced. C. improved. D. rebuilt.
7. How did Lawrence Krauss feel about Steven Hawking’s life
A. Pitiful. B. Excited. C. Shocked. D. Impressed.
C
Like many constructions, it started small. But now thousands of children with autism (自闭症) are making friends and learning social skills by playing a special version of online building game Minecraft.
Stuart Duncan got the idea through a popular blog he ran about his own experiences with autism as well as bringing up a son with autism. Other parents with autistic children started telling him that their kids were crazy about a game that let them explore a randomly generated wilderness. However, despite loving the game, many of the children were being bullied (霸凌) by other players.
So, in 2013, Duncan, a web developer in Canada, set up a server to run a version of Minecraft only for children with autism and their families. He thought the invite-only server would attract 10 or 20 people, but hundreds requested to join in the first few days. Now, almost three years later, running the special version, Autcraft, is his full-time job. The community has nearly 7000 members, along with a team of engineers to help manage its many activities. “Parents see such a benefit for themselves and their children,” says Duncan.
In Minecraft, you use blocks of materials like wood and stone to build whatever you like. “This is a great way for them to play a game they love, but also have a social experience,” says Kate Ringland from the University of California, who has spent 60 hours inside this virtual world, watching how the kids play and chat to one another. “It’s giving an alternative way for these kids to express themselves and communicate without the stresses of the physical life stuff.”
Everyday social situations can be challenging for autistic children, who may struggle to pick up on social signals or understand another person’s viewpoint. Duncan thinks Minecraft removes the pressures typical of the real world. There is no noisy or unfamiliar environment to distract (使分心) you, no pressure to track the other person’s facial expressions or worry about eye contact. Joining a community like Autcraft could be a good first step to feeling less socially anxious and more engaged.
8. What inspired Duncan to run Autcraft
A. Online Bullying.
B. His son’s request.
C. Some parents’ advice.
D. His blog about autism.
9. What can we learn about Autcraft from Paragraph 3
A. It has about 7,000 engineers.
B. It was an unexpected success.
C. It helped parents play with their kids.
D. It remains accessible to all the people.
10 How does Minecraft help children according to Duncan
A. By teaching communication skills.
B. By solving their real world problems.
C. By explaining other people’s viewpoints.
D. By offering stress-free social experiences.
11. What is the best title for the text
A. How Can We Deal With Autism
B. What Makes Minecraft So Famous
C. Why Do Online Games Benefit Children
D. How Does Autcraft Help Autistic Children
D
With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独) more families are choosing to live together.
The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law, she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.
Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol - one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.
“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing at a house,” says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spoke more with Nick because I think it’s a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-law.”
And what does Nick think “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it Yes, I think I would.”
It’s hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2001to 419,000 in 2013.
Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.
Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husband’s family when they get married.
12 Who mainly uses the ground floor in the Victorian house in Bristol
A. Nick. B. Rita. C. Kathryn D. The daughters.
13. What is Nick’s attitude towards sharing the house with his mother-in -law
A. Positive. B. Carefree. C. Tolerant. D. Unwilling.
14. What is the author’s statement about multigenerational family based on
A. Family traditions. B. Financial reports. C. Published statistics. D. Public opinions.
15. What is the text mainly about
A. Lifestyles in different countries. B. Conflicts between generations.
C. A housing problem in Britain. D. A rising trend of living in the UK.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Usually, you spend most of your time at home. ____16____ However, with all the smells a home experiences, such as those created by cooking, people and pets, keeping it smelling good is often a difficult task. A bad-smelling home is not only unpleasant to visit, but gives the impression that your home is also unclean, which isn’t always the case. Fortunately, you can keep your home smelling fresh and clean with a few techniques.
____17____ Additionally, pick up any objects from the floor, such as clothing or towels, and place them in the box. Wash your dishes daily, which will keep your home smelling fresh.
Dust the objects in your home once weekly. Rub a soft cloth over your television and top of furniture to remove the dusty layer. Use a polishing spray for extra shine.
Wash your bedclothes on a weekly basis. Sheets, blankets and pillow cases often hold germs, which cause a smell to occur. So wash them regularly. ____18____
Bathe your dog and its bedding regularly. A dog’s smell can transmit from the animal to your floors, furniture and bedclothes. Wash the dog to prevent smells, as well as dirt, mud and other materials from being transferred from your dog to your items in your home. ____19____ Brushing daily can also release smells and materials that can cause the dog to create a foul smell in your home.
Shampoo（用洗涤剂洗）your carpets. ____20____ So the dirty carpets can make your entire home smell not-so-fresh. Cleaning carpets can remove any trapped smells as well.
A. Most dogs like having a bath.
B. Wipe down your kitchen daily.
C. You find your home is always in a mess.
D. Smells often become trapped in the material.
E. Most dogs benefit from an once-a-week bath.
F. Obviously, it’s worthwhile to spend time on them.
G. It is certain that you want a home which smells fresh.
第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Fourteen-year-old Quan Hongchan has struck gold for China at the Tokyo Olympics. Starting the competition as a dark horse on the national team, she’s made ___21___ with amazing performances in the 10-meter women’s diving platform event. She ___22___ her name in the history books.
Quan is a genius who walked out of a small seaside town. She started ___23___ at the of seven. In her first training school, the springboard was made of ___24___ and it got burning hot in the summer. She could only use a towel to squeeze the water to ___25___ the springboard, and then jumped into the water again and again in the terrible ___26___.
“Even in such tough___27___ Quan Hongchan’s hard work and seriousness in training slowly showed,” Coach Chen Huaming said, “Her success is not entirely ___28___ talent”
“Our coach often reminds us that we should take those successful big brothers and sisters as our role models. However hard the training is, they just ___29___ it to the last second. ” Quan told China Daily. With the role models in her heart, Quan Hongchan became more _____30_____in training. She kept practicing physical stamina and basic skills, fuming on the tossing machine and jumping off the platform repeatedly.
Having stood out in a series of competitions, Quan Hongchan managed to _____31_____ the national team at the end of 2020. Due to the _____32_____ training, talent and hard work could finally be perfectly _____33_____ to achieve her goal. This little genius _____34_____ the world with three perfect 10 scores out of five dives after she _____35_____ a near splash-less dive.
21. A. attempts B. money C. surprises D. history
22. A. called B. spelt C. secured D. reported
23. A. jumping B. swimming C. training D. performing
24. A. rubber B. wood C. bamboo D. iron
25. A. cool B. protect C. clean D. wet
26. A. fog B. sunlight C. rain D. snow
27. A. conditions B. surroundings C. races D. tryouts
28. A. consistent with B. equal to C. free from D. dependent on
29. A. stick to B. subscribe to C. side with D. rely on
30. A. normal B. engaged C. realistic D. gifted
31. A. approach B. anticipate C. enter D. explore
32. A. mechanical B. traditional C. random D. scientific
33. A. recognized B. combined C. adapted D. approved
34. A. amazed B. entertained C. embraced D. dominated
35 A. arranged B. performed C. signaled D. recognized
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
You may not want to admit it,but actually at one time in your life,you've talked to an animal.Maybe it was letting a dog know it was a good dog ___36___ asking a cat where it had been.Maybe you gave words of ___37___(encourage)to an elephant or scolded a sheep. Whichever animal it was you talked to,one thing is for sure:it probably didn't talk back. What if it could ___38___（science)are working on ways to not only understand what animals are saying,but also study whether they can talk back one day.Maybe their work will change ___39___way we think about animals in the future.
So far,no one ___40___ (prove)that an animal or a species has a language,partly because there is no ___41___(universe)idea of what can be considered as a language.But ___42___(broad)speaking,language should be a distinct and organized form of communication, ___43___has been learned and used willingly.When your dog barks,you don't consider it as language.The reason is that dogs are born with the ability.But some studies suggest that some animals do communicate in a very complex manner ___44___（show)characteristics of language.So,maybe we are close ____45____talking with animals.
第三部分基础知识(共两节，满分25分)
第一节词汇基础(共15小题;每空一词1分，满分15分)
根据句意及所给汉语提示，拼写出该单词的恰当形式，并把完整单词填写在答题卷相应的位置上。
46. I think you had better have that tooth __________ (拔出). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
47. When water freezes, it changes from __________ (液体) to solid, which is a physical change. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
48. An ________ (客观的) statement is based on facts and observations. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
49. The children from poor families were at a __________ (明显的) disadvantage. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
50. As the small boat moved __________ (轻缓地) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
51. Many experts_____(提倡) reducing the amount of children’s homework. （根据汉语意思填空）
52 What does the underlined word “them” in the second __________ (段落) refer to (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
53. We asked Jason to write an __________ (文章) about his hometown. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
54. We provide all types of information, with an_____ (强调) on legal advice. （根据汉语意思填空）
55. Now we'll be able to live in________(奢华)for the rest of our lives. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
56. The Internet is a very __________ (效率高的) medium for spreading information. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
57. Over 300 years its population grew __________ (逐渐地) from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time．(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
58. There is no immediate __________ (前景) of peace in this country. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
59. You must make sure the time is _________ (准确的). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
60. The hospital has recently__________ (获得) new medical equipment, allowing more patients to be treated. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
第二节完成句子(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
根据句子意思和语法结构完成句子，如有提示词的请注意使用其正确形式填空。
61. The father is trying his best to prevent his son_____ abandoning himself to the Internet. （用单词适当形式填空）
62. _____(found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art. (所给词的适当形式填空)
63. In English study,intensive reading must be combined_____ extensive reading. （用单词适当形式填空）
64. Paula says that she ________ (work) late every evening next month. (所给词的适当形式填空)
65. They went to London, __________ they lived for half a year. (用适当的词填空)
66. We are short of two people, without __________ we will need three more days to finish the work. (用适当的词填空)
67. I live next door to a couple________children often make a lot of noise.(用适当的单词填空)
68. The number of smokers, _________ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. （用适当的词填空）
69. I visited Hangzhou last summer, __________ is a beautiful city. (用适当的词填空)
70. When you reach the other end of the bridge, I ________ (wait) right there to show you the way. (所给词的适当形式填空)
第四部分读后续写(满分25分)
71. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jenny was the only child in her family. She had a quarrel with her mother that afternoon and she ran out of the house angrily. She couldn’t help weeping sorrowfully when she thought of the scolding from her mother. Having wandered aimlessly in the street for hours, she felt a little hungry and wished for something to eat. She stood beside a stand for a while, watching the middle-aged seller busy doing his business. However, with no money in hand, she gave a sigh and had to leave. The seller behind the stand noticed the young girl and asked, “Hey, girl, you want to have the noodles ” “Oh, yes, but I don’t have money on me.” she replied.
“That’s nothing. I’ll treat you today,” said the man “Come in.” The seller brought her a bowl of noodles, whose smell was so attractive. As she was eating, Jenny cried silently. “What is it ” asked the man kindly. “Nothing. Actually, I was just touched by your kindness!” said Jenny as she wiped her tears. “Even a stranger on the street will give me a bowl of noodles, while my mother drove me out of the house. She showed no care for me. She is so merciless compared to a stranger!” Hearing the words, the seller smiled, “Girl, do you really think so I only gave you a bowl of noodles and you thanked me a lot. But it is your mother who has raised you since you were a baby. Can you number the times she cooked for you Have you expressed your gratitude to her ” Jenny sat there, speechless and numb with shock: she remembered her mother’s familiar face and weathered hands. “Why didn’t I think of that A bowl of noodles from a stranger made me feel indebted. Why haven’t I thanked my mum for what she has done for me ” On the way home. Jenny made up her mind to make an apology to her mother for her rudeness as soon as she arrived home.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右;
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Nearing the doorway. Jenny took a deep breath.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________潮阳黄图盛中学2023-2024学年度第一学期期中考试
高二英语
满分130分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、学校、班级、考生号填在答题卡上。
2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡上各题目指定区域内相应的位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔或涂改液，不按以上要求作答无效。
第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Female journalists who changed the world
Helen Thomas
Helen was a White House reporter who had a front row seat of history as she interviewed ten American presidents across her career. She was praised for her cruel drive, with one White House press secretary describing her questioning as torture(拷问). Her refusal to hide her strong opinions, even when asking questions to a president, made her one of the best-known journalists in Washington and a rule in her field.
Marie Colvin
The passionate and award-winning American journalist Marie Colvin worked as a foreign reporter at The Sunday Times from 1985 until she died in February 2012, while covering the Siege of Homs(霍姆斯的围攻) in Syria. Marie crossed into Syria on the back of a motorcycle, ignoring the Syrian government’s attempt to prevent foreign journalists from entering the country.
Mary Garber
In 1946, sports journalism was a man's job where female sports writers weren't allowed to enter press boxes. Mary Garber changed that by paving the way for female sports writers. She first covered high school sports and then reported on college athletics. In June 2005, she became the first woman to receive the Associated Press Sports Editors' Red Smith Award, presented annually since 1981 for major contributions to sports journalism.
Ann Leslie
Few reporters have filed stories from more than 70 countries, but British journalist Ann Leslie is considered a unique force in journalism. Because the 73-year-old woman has witnessed and reported on some of the most significant events of the late 20th century. She was there when the Berlin Wall came down, and she lost her shoes in the crush waiting for Nelson Mandela's release.
1. What do we know about Helen from Paragraph 1
A. She made friends with ten American presidents.
B. She liked to make her strong opinions known.
C. She often got into trouble due to her questions.
D. She was regarded as the best journalist in America.
2. From Paragraph 2 we can infer that Marie Colvin .
A. was a very brave woman
B. enjoyed riding a motorcycle
C. was awarded by the Syrian government
D. was killed by the Syrian government
3. Who opens the door for women sports reporters
A. Helen Thomas. B. Marie Colvin. C. Mary Garber. D. Ann Leslie.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四位改变世界的女记者和她们的贡献。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Her refusal to hide her strong opinions, even when asking questions to a president, made her one of the best-known journalists in Washington and a rule in her field”（她拒绝隐藏自己强烈的观点，甚至在向总统提问时也不例外，这使她成为华盛顿最知名的记者之一，并成为她所在领域的一条规则）可知，海伦不隐藏自己的观点，是华盛顿最有名的记者之一。故选B项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Marie crossed into Syria on the back of a motorcycle, ignoring the Syrian government’s attempt to prevent foreign journalists from entering the country”（玛利不顾叙利亚政府阻止外国记者进入该国的企图，骑着一辆摩托车进入叙利亚）可知，玛利不管叙利亚政府的阻止，骑着一辆摩托车进入叙利亚。由此推知，玛利非常勇敢。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“In 1946, sports journalism was a man's job where female sports writers weren't allowed to enter press boxes. Mary Garber changed that by paving the way for female sports writers. She first covered high school sports and then reported on college athletics”（1946年，体育新闻还是男性的工作，女性体育记者不允许进入记者席。玛丽·加伯(Mary Garber)为女性体育记者铺平了道路，从而改变了这种状况。她首先报道了高中体育，然后报道了大学体育）可知，玛丽·加伯打开了女体育记者的大门。故选C项。
B
Stephen Hawking was a British scientist, professor and author who performed groundbreaking work in physics and cosmology(安全), and whose books helped to make science accessible to everyone.
At the age of 21, Hawking first began to notice problems with his physical health while he was at Oxford—he would sometimes trip and fall—but he didn’t look into the problem until 1963. But when his father discovered the condition, he took Hawking to see a doctor. For the next two weeks, the 21-year-old college student made his home at a medical clinic.
Eventually, however, doctors did diagnose(诊断) Hawking with the early stages of ASL(渐冻症). It was devastating news for him and his family. Not long after he left hospital, Hawking had a dream that he was going to realize. He said this dream made him aware that there were still things to do with his life.
In a sense, Hawking’s disease helped turn him into the noted scientist he became. Before the diagnosis, Hawking hadn’t always focused on his studies. “Before my condition was diagnosed, I had been very bored with life,” he said. “There had not seemed to be anything worth doing.” With the sudden realization that he might not even live long enough to earn his Ph. D., Hawking poured himself into his work and research. On March 14, 2018, Hawking finally died of ALS, the disease that was supposed to have killed him more than 50 years earlier. The news touched many in his field and beyond. Lawrence Krauss tweeted, “A star just went out in the cosmos. We have lost an amazing human being. Hawking fought and tamed the cosmos bravely for 76 years and taught us all something important about what it truly means to celebrate about being human.”
4. What made Hawking devoted himself to his work and research
A. His father’s guidance about his Ph. D. B. His own awareness about his limited life.
C. His doctor’s advice on his physical health. D. His attempt to be a noted scientist.
5. What do we know about Hawking according to the passage
A. His father first took notice of his health condition.
B. Hawking decided to realize his dream when young.
C Hawking is highly praised for his contribution to human.
D. Hawking found all worth doing before he knew his illness.
6. What does the underlined word “tamed” mean in the last paragraph
A. explored. B. balanced. C. improved. D. rebuilt.
7. How did Lawrence Krauss feel about Steven Hawking’s life
A. Pitiful. B. Excited. C. Shocked. D. Impressed.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。斯蒂芬 · 霍金是一位英国科学家、教授和作家，他在物理学和宇宙学方面进行了开创性的工作，文章主要讲述了霍金对人类的贡献。他的著作帮助每个人都了解科学。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“With the sudden realization that he might not even live long enough to earn his Ph. D., Hawking poured himself into his work and research.”（霍金突然意识到自己可能活不到获得博士学位的那一天，于是全身心地投入到工作和研究中。）可知，在霍金意识自己有限的生命的时候，他致力于工作和研究中。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“We have lost an amazing human being. Hawking fought and tamed the cosmos bravely for 76 years and taught us all something important about what it truly means to celebrate about being human.””（我们失去了一个了不起的人。76年来，霍金勇敢地与宇宙斗争并探索宇宙，他教会了我们所有人一些重要的东西，那就是庆祝作为人类的真正意义。”）可知，霍金通过自己的研究工作，教会了我们所有人一些重要的东西——人类的意义。基于此他是一个了不起的人。故选C。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Hawking fought and tamed the cosmos bravely for 76 years and taught us all something important about what it truly means to celebrate about being human.””（76年来，霍金勇敢地与宇宙斗争并 tamed宇宙，他教会了我们所有人一些重要的东西，那就是庆祝作为人类的真正意义。”）和最后一段中“With the sudden realization that he might not even live long enough to earn his Ph. D., Hawking poured himself into his work and research.”（霍金突然意识到自己可能活不到获得博士学位的那一天，于是全身心地投入到工作和研究中。）可知，76年来，霍金全身心地投入到自己的研究中，研究宇宙，探索宇宙。所以划线词此处的含义为“探索”，故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Lawrence Krauss tweeted, “A star just went out in the cosmos. We have lost an amazing human being. ”（劳伦斯 · 克劳斯在推特上写道：“一颗恒星刚刚消失在宇宙中，我们失去了一个了不起的人类。”）可推知，对于霍金的一生，劳伦斯认为其是了不起的。故选D。
C
Like many constructions, it started small. But now thousands of children with autism (自闭症) are making friends and learning social skills by playing a special version of online building game Minecraft.
Stuart Duncan got the idea through a popular blog he ran about his own experiences with autism as well as bringing up a son with autism. Other parents with autistic children started telling him that their kids were crazy about a game that let them explore a randomly generated wilderness. However, despite loving the game, many of the children were being bullied (霸凌) by other players.
So, in 2013, Duncan, a web developer in Canada, set up a server to run a version of Minecraft only for children with autism and their families. He thought the invite-only server would attract 10 or 20 people, but hundreds requested to join in the first few days. Now, almost three years later, running the special version, Autcraft, is his full-time job. The community has nearly 7000 members, along with a team of engineers to help manage its many activities. “Parents see such a benefit for themselves and their children,” says Duncan.
In Minecraft, you use blocks of materials like wood and stone to build whatever you like. “This is a great way for them to play a game they love, but also have a social experience,” says Kate Ringland from the University of California, who has spent 60 hours inside this virtual world, watching how the kids play and chat to one another. “It’s giving an alternative way for these kids to express themselves and communicate without the stresses of the physical life stuff.”
Everyday social situations can be challenging for autistic children, who may struggle to pick up on social signals or understand another person’s viewpoint. Duncan thinks Minecraft removes the pressures typical of the real world. There is no noisy or unfamiliar environment to distract (使分心) you, no pressure to track the other person’s facial expressions or worry about eye contact. Joining a community like Autcraft could be a good first step to feeling less socially anxious and more engaged.
8. What inspired Duncan to run Autcraft
A. Online Bullying.
B. His son’s request.
C. Some parents’ advice.
D. His blog about autism.
9 What can we learn about Autcraft from Paragraph 3
A. It has about 7,000 engineers.
B. It was an unexpected success.
C. It helped parents play with their kids.
D. It remains accessible to all the people.
10. How does Minecraft help children according to Duncan
A. By teaching communication skills.
B. By solving their real world problems.
C. By explaining other people’s viewpoints.
D. By offering stress-free social experiences.
11. What is the best title for the text
A. How Can We Deal With Autism
B. What Makes Minecraft So Famous
C. Why Do Online Games Benefit Children
D. How Does Autcraft Help Autistic Children
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了现在成千上万的自闭症儿童正在通过玩一款特殊版本的在线建筑游戏Minecraft结交朋友，学习社交技能，网站开发者邓肯还为自闭症孩子开发了一个特殊版本Autcraft，Autcraft帮助自闭症孩子减少社会焦虑，增加社会参与度。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“However, despite loving the game, many of the children were being bullied (霸凌) by other players.(然而，尽管喜爱这款游戏，许多孩子还是被其他玩家霸凌)”以及第三段“So, in 2013, Duncan, a web developer in Canada, set up a server to run a version of Minecraft only for children with autism and their families. (因此，在2013年，加拿大的网络开发者邓肯建立了一个服务器，只为自闭症儿童及其家庭运行的一个Minecraft版本)”可知，网络霸凌激励了邓肯去开发了Autcraft。故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“He thought the invite-only server would attract 10 or 20 people, but hundreds requested to join in the first few days. Now, almost three years later, running the special version, Autcraft, is his full-time job. The community has nearly 7000 members, along with a team of engineers to help manage its many activities. (他原以为这个仅限邀请的服务器能吸引10到20人，但在最初几天就有数百人请求加入。现在，差不多三年过去了，他的全职工作就是运行特殊版本的Autcraft。这个社区有近7000名成员，还有一个工程师团队来帮助管理它的许多活动)”可知，邓肯原以为这个服务器能吸引的人不多，但之后用户很多。由此可知，Autcraft获得了意料之外的成功。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Duncan thinks Minecraft removes the pressures typical of the real world. There is no noisy or unfamiliar environment to distract (使分心) you, no pressure to track the other person’s facial expressions or worry about eye contact. (Duncan认为Minecraft消除了现实世界的典型压力。这里没有嘈杂或不熟悉的环境让你分心，没有追踪对方面部表情的压力，也没有担心眼神交流)”可知，邓肯认为Minecraft通过提供无压力的社交体验来帮助自闭症孩子。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了现在成千上万的自闭症儿童正在通过玩一款特殊版本的在线建筑游戏Minecraft结交朋友，学习社交技能，网站开发者邓肯还为自闭症孩子开发了一个特殊版本Autcraft，结合最后一段“Joining a community like Autcraft could be a good first step to feeling less socially anxious and more engaged.(加入像Autcraft这样的社区可能是减少社交焦虑、增加社交参与度的良好第一步)”可知，Autcraft可以减少自闭症孩子的社交焦虑，帮助他们增加社交参与度，所以D项“Autcraft如何帮助自闭症儿童 ”符合文章中心主旨，适合作为文章的标题。故选D。
D
With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独), more families are choosing to live together.
The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law, she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.
Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol - one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.
“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing at a house,” says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spoke more with Nick because I think it’s a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-law.”
And what does Nick think “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it Yes, I think I would.”
It’s hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2001to 419,000 in 2013.
Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.
Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husband’s family when they get married.
12. Who mainly uses the ground floor in the Victorian house in Bristol
A. Nick. B. Rita. C. Kathryn D. The daughters.
13. What is Nick’s attitude towards sharing the house with his mother-in -law
A. Positive. B. Carefree. C. Tolerant. D. Unwilling.
14. What is the author’s statement about multigenerational family based on
A. Family traditions. B. Financial reports. C. Published statistics. D. Public opinions.
15. What is the text mainly about
A. Lifestyles in different countries. B. Conflicts between generations.
C. A housing problem in Britain. D. A rising trend of living in the UK.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了在英国，由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用，而老年人又面临着被孤立的风险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起，出现了多世同堂的现象。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“ but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.”可知，但Rita在一楼有自己的厨房、浴室、卧室和客厅。由此可知，Rita 在布里斯托尔的维多利亚式住宅中使用一楼。故选B项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“And what does Nick think “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it Yes, I think I would.”可知，尼克是怎么想的 “从我的角度来看，一切都很顺利。我推荐它吗 是的，我想我会推荐在一起居住的。”由此判断出，尼克对和和岳母合住房子的态度是积极的。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“ Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2002 to 419,000 in 2013.”官方报告显示，三代同堂的家庭数量从2002年的32.5万户增加到2013年的41.9万户。根据第七段“It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.”可知，据说，25-34岁的年轻人中有20%和父母住在一起，而1991年这一比例为16%。据估计，英国多代同堂的家庭总数约为180万。由此可知，作者关于多世同堂家庭的论述基于发布的统计数据。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独), more families are choosing to live together.”可知，由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用，而老年人又面临着被孤立的风险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起。所以短文主要是关于英国生活方式的一种上升趋势。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Usually, you spend most of your time at home. ____16____ However, with all the smells a home experiences, such as those created by cooking, people and pets, keeping it smelling good is often a difficult task. A bad-smelling home is not only unpleasant to visit, but gives the impression that your home is also unclean, which isn’t always the case. Fortunately, you can keep your home smelling fresh and clean with a few techniques.
____17____ Additionally, pick up any objects from the floor, such as clothing or towels, and place them in the box. Wash your dishes daily, which will keep your home smelling fresh.
Dust the objects in your home once weekly. Rub a soft cloth over your television and top of furniture to remove the dusty layer. Use a polishing spray for extra shine.
Wash your bedclothes on a weekly basis. Sheets, blankets and pillow cases often hold germs, which cause a smell to occur. So wash them regularly. ____18____
Bathe your dog and its bedding regularly. A dog’s smell can transmit from the animal to your floors, furniture and bedclothes. Wash the dog to prevent smells, as well as dirt, mud and other materials from being transferred from your dog to your items in your home. ____19____ Brushing daily can also release smells and materials that can cause the dog to create a foul smell in your home.
Shampoo（用洗涤剂洗）your carpets. ____20____ So the dirty carpets can make your entire home smell not-so-fresh. Cleaning carpets can remove any trapped smells as well.
A. Most dogs like having a bath.
B. Wipe down your kitchen daily.
C. You find your home is always in a mess.
D. Smells often become trapped in the material.
E. Most dogs benefit from an once-a-week bath.
F. Obviously, it’s worthwhile to spend time on them.
G. It is certain that you want a home which smells fresh.
【答案】16. G 17. B 18. F 19. E 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些使家里保持干净和气味清新的措施。
【16题详解】
根据前一句“Usually, you spend most of your time at home.（通常，你的大部分时间都是在家里度过的）”可知，待在家里的时候肯定想要一个整洁的环境和闻起来清新的家。G项“你肯定想要有一个闻起来清新的家”符合语境。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据空后“Additionally, pick up any objects from the floor, such as clothing or towels, and place them in the box. Wash your dishes daily, which will keep your home smelling fresh.（此外，从地板上捡起任何物品，如衣服或毛巾，并将其放入盒子中。每天洗碗，这会让你的家保持清新。）”可知，本段主要讲述怎么做才能保持家里清新整洁的具体措施，B项“每天打扫厨房”也是具体的举措之一，符合语境。故选B。
【18题详解】
根据前文“Wash your bedclothes on a weekly basis.（每周洗一次床上用品。）”可知，每周洗一次床上用品也是保持家里整洁清新的必要措施，所以花费一些时间也是必要的。F项“显然，花时间在这些问题上是值得的。”符合语境。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据前文“Bathe your dog and its bedding regularly.（定期给你的狗和它的被褥洗澡。）”可知，保持家里清新的必要措施是给狗和它的被褥洗澡，E项中的Most dogs呼应本文中的主题。“benefit from an once-a-week bath（从每周的洗澡中受益）”能够承接下文，讲述了给狗洗澡的好处。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据“Shampoo（用洗涤剂洗）your carpets.（用洗涤剂清洗地毯）”可知，本段讲述为什么要清洗地毯，D项的 the material指的是carpets，以及空后“So the dirty carpets can make your entire home smell not-so-fresh. （所以脏地毯会让你的整个家闻起来不那么清新。）”可知，难闻的气味会藏在毛毯下，D项能够承上启下，符合语境。故选D。
第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Fourteen-year-old Quan Hongchan has struck gold for China at the Tokyo Olympics. Starting the competition as a dark horse on the national team, she’s made ___21___ with amazing performances in the 10-meter women’s diving platform event. She ___22___ her name in the history books.
Quan is a genius who walked out of a small seaside town. She started ___23___ at the of seven. In her first training school, the springboard was made of ___24___ and it got burning hot in the summer. She could only use a towel to squeeze the water to ___25___ the springboard, and then jumped into the water again and again in the terrible ___26___.
“Even in such tough___27___ Quan Hongchan’s hard work and seriousness in training slowly showed,” Coach Chen Huaming said, “Her success is not entirely ___28___ talent”
“Our coach often reminds us that we should take those successful big brothers and sisters as our role models. However hard the training is, they just ___29___ it to the last second. ” Quan told China Daily. With the role models in her heart, Quan Hongchan became more _____30_____in training. She kept practicing physical stamina and basic skills, fuming on the tossing machine and jumping off the platform repeatedly.
Having stood out in a series of competitions, Quan Hongchan managed to _____31_____ the national team at the end of 2020. Due to the _____32_____ training, talent and hard work could finally be perfectly _____33_____ to achieve her goal. This little genius _____34_____ the world with three perfect 10 scores out of five dives after she _____35_____ a near splash-less dive.
21. A. attempts B. money C. surprises D. history
22. A. called B. spelt C. secured D. reported
23. A. jumping B. swimming C. training D. performing
24. A. rubber B. wood C. bamboo D. iron
25. A. cool B. protect C. clean D. wet
26. A. fog B. sunlight C. rain D. snow
27. A. conditions B. surroundings C. races D. tryouts
28. A. consistent with B. equal to C. free from D. dependent on
29 A. stick to B. subscribe to C. side with D. rely on
30. A. normal B. engaged C. realistic D. gifted
31. A. approach B. anticipate C. enter D. explore
32. A. mechanical B. traditional C. random D. scientific
33. A. recognized B. combined C. adapted D. approved
34. A. amazed B. entertained C. embraced D. dominated
35. A. arranged B. performed C. signaled D. recognized
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。本文报道了14岁的全红婵在东京奥运会上为中国夺得金牌，并阐述了其职业生涯。
【21题详解】
考查名词义辨析。句意：作为国家队的黑马，她在10米女子跳台比赛中以惊人的表现创造了历史。A.attempts尝试；B.money钱；C.surprises惊喜；D.history历史。根据文“She ___2___ her name in the history books.”可知，全红婵在比赛中以惊人的表现，把自己的名字载入史册，推知此处指她在10米女子跳台比赛中以惊人的表现创造了历史（history）。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把自己名字载入史册。A.called打电话；B.spelt拼写；C.secured (尤指经过努力)获得，取得，实现；D.reported报道。根据上文“she’s made ___1___ with amazing performances in the 10-meter women’s diving platform event.”可知，全红婵在10米女子跳台比赛中以惊人的表现创造了历史，推知此处指她把自己的名字载入历史，理解为她通过努力，在史册中获得（secured）了自己的名字。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她从七岁开始训练。A.jumping跳跃的；B.swimming游泳；C.training训练；D.performing表演。根据下文“In her first training school, the springboard was made of ___4___ and it got burning hot in the summer.”可知，在她的第一所训练学校里，跳板是用铁做的，夏天变得很热，推知此处指她从七岁开始训练（training）。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她的第一所训练学校里，跳板是用铁做的，夏天变得很热。A.rubber橡胶；B.wood木材；C.bamboo竹子；D.iron铁。根据常识和该句中“...it got burning hot in the summer...”可推知，铁在阳光的照射下，夏天会变得很热。推知此处指跳板是用铁（iron）做的。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她只能用毛巾挤水来冷却跳板，然后在可怕的阳光下一次又一次地跳入水中。A.cool冷却；B.protect保护；C.clean清理；D.wet使潮湿。根据上文“In her first training school, the springboard was made of ___4___ and it got burning hot in the summer.”和“squeeze the water”可知，在她的第一所训练学校里，跳板是用铁做的，夏天变得很热。推知，她用水冷却（cool）跳板。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她只能用毛巾挤水来冷却跳板，然后在可怕的阳光下一次又一次地跳入水中。A.fog雾；B.sunlight阳光；C.rain雨；D.snow雪。根据上文“In her first training school, the springboard was made of ___4___ and it got burning hot in the summer.”可知，在她第一个训练学校，夏天很热，阳光很强烈，以至于跳板都是热的，推知此处指她在可怕的阳光（sunlight）下一次又一次地跳入水中。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“即使在如此艰苦的条件下，全红婵在训练中的辛勤工作和认真态度也慢慢表现出来，”陈华明教练说，“她的成功并不完全取决于天赋。”A.conditions条件；B.surroundings周围的环境；C.races比赛；D.tryouts选拔赛。根据上文“In her first training school, the springboard was made of ___4___ and it got burning hot in the summer. She could only use a towel to squeeze the water to ___5___ the springboard…”可知，在她的第一所训练学校里，跳板是用铁做的，夏天变得很热，她只能用毛巾挤水来冷却跳板，推知，全红婵训练条件（conditions）非常艰苦。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：陈华明教练说，“她的成功并不完全取决于天赋。”A.consistent with符合；B.equal to相当于；C.free from免于；D.dependent on取决于，依赖于。根据上文“In her first training school, the springboard was made of ___4___ and it got burning hot in the summer. She could only use a towel to squeeze the water to ___5___ the springboard…”可知，在她的第一所训练学校里，跳板是用铁做的，夏天变得很热，她只能用毛巾挤水来冷却跳板，推知，全红婵的成功不仅仅是依赖于（dependent on）她的天赋，还在于她的努力。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：不管训练有多艰难，他们都会坚持到最后一秒。A.stick to坚持；B.subscribe to同意；C.side with支持；D.rely on依靠。根据下文“With the role models in her heart, Quan Hongchan became more ___10___ in training.”可知，全红婵心中有了榜样，她更加投入训练。推知，在她的心目中，这些榜样们无论训练有多么艰苦，都坚持（stick to）到最后一秒。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词词义辨析。句意：全红婵心中有了榜样，她开始更忙于投身训练。A.normal典型的；B.engaged忙于；C.realistic现实的；D.gifted有天才的。根据上文“However hard the training is, they just ___9___ it to the last second.”可知，无论训练多么艰苦，他们都会坚持到最后一秒，推知，有了榜样的力量，她开始更忙于(become engaged in)投身训练，故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一系列比赛中脱颖而出的全红婵在2020年底成功进入国家队。A.approach接近；B.anticipate预料；C.enter进来；D.explore勘探。根据该句中“Having stood out in a series of competitions”以及第一段中“Starting the competition as a dark horse on the national team” 可知，全红婵是经过一系列比赛脱颖而出，进入（enter）国家队，故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于科学的训练、才能和努力最终可以完美地结合起来，以实现她的目标。A.mechanical机动的；B.traditional传统的；C.random随机的；D.scientific科学的。根据上文“Having stood out in a series of competitions, Quan Hongchan managed to ___11___ the national team at the end of 2020.”可知，在一系列比赛中脱颖而出的全红婵在2020年底成功进入国家队，国家队的训练是更加规范和科学的（scientific）。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于科学的训练，才能和努力最终可以完美地结合起来，以实现她的目标。A.recognized辨识；B.combined结合；C.adapted改编；D.approved经核准的。根据 “Due to the ___12___ training, talent and hard work...”可知，上文提到了科学的训练、才能和努力，推知此处指这三项结合（combined）起来，全红婵才走向成功。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位小天才在进行了一次几乎没有飞溅的跳水后，五次跳水中有三次满分10分，震惊了世界。A.amazed震惊；B.entertained招待；C.embraced拥抱；D.dominated主导。根据“...with three perfect 10 scores out of five dives...”可知，全红婵五次跳水中有三次满分10分，这个成绩震惊（amazed）了世界。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位小天才在表演了一次几乎没有飞溅的跳水后，五次跳水中有三次满分10分，震惊了世界。A.arranged安排；B.performed表演；C.signaled示意；D.recognized辨识。根据“...a near splash-less dive...”可知，此处指全红婵在表演（performed）了一次几乎没有飞溅的跳水后。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
You may not want to admit it,but actually at one time in your life,you've talked to an animal.Maybe it was letting a dog know it was a good dog ___36___ asking a cat where it had been.Maybe you gave words of ___37___(encourage)to an elephant or scolded a sheep. Whichever animal it was you talked to,one thing is for sure:it probably didn't talk back. What if it could ___38___（science)are working on ways to not only understand what animals are saying,but also study whether they can talk back one day.Maybe their work will change ___39___way we think about animals in the future.
So far,no one ___40___ (prove)that an animal or a species has a language,partly because there is no ___41___(universe)idea of what can be considered as a language.But ___42___(broad)speaking,language should be a distinct and organized form of communication, ___43___has been learned and used willingly.When your dog barks,you don't consider it as language.The reason is that dogs are born with the ability.But some studies suggest that some animals do communicate in a very complex manner ___44___（show)characteristics of language.So,maybe we are close ____45____talking with animals.
【答案】36. or 37. encouragement
38. Scientists
39. the 40. has proved/proven
41. universal
42. broadly
43. which 44. showing
45. to
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。生活中存在人和动物对话的情况，其实动物也有自己的语言表达形式。科学家们不仅在研究动物们说什么，而且还在研究有朝一日它们是否会回应。
【36题详解】
考查连词。句意：也许是让一只狗知道它是一只好狗，或者是问一只猫它去了哪里。此处指你和动物谈话的内容，二者是选择关系，故填or。
【37题详解】
考查名词。此处和of连用修饰名词words，用名词。指“鼓励的话”，故填encouragement。
【38题详解】
考查名词。此处做主语用名词，根据句意可知表示“科学家”，与动词are一致用复数。故填Scientists。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。此处特指我们对未来动物的看法，表特指用定冠词，故填the。
【40题详解】
考查动词时态。句中时间状语So far与现在完成时连用，与主语no one一致用单数，故填has proved/proven。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。修饰句中名词idea用形容词，指“普遍的想法”，故填universal。
【42题详解】
考查副词修饰speaking用副词，指“一般地说，广义地说”，故填broadly。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：语言应该是一种独特的、有组织的交流方式，这种方式是人们乐于学习和使用的。根据句意和标点可知，句中包含非限制性定语从句，指代前面form用关系代词which引导，故填which。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。宾语从句中已有谓语动词do communicate，此处用非谓语动词。主语some animals和动词show是主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故填showing。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：所以，也许我们接近于和动物说话了。表示“接近于”是close to，是固定短语。故填to。
【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。如小题8根据句意和标点可知，句中包含非限制性定语从句，指代前面form要用关系代词which引导。
第三部分基础知识(共两节，满分25分)
第一节词汇基础(共15小题;每空一词1分，满分15分)
根据句意及所给汉语提示，拼写出该单词的恰当形式，并把完整单词填写在答题卷相应的位置上。
46. I think you had better have that tooth __________ (拔出). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】extracted
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我想你最好把那颗牙拔掉。动词extract“拔出”符合句意，设空处在句中作宾语补足语，宾语that tooth与动词extract之间为逻辑上的被动关系，设空处应填过去分词表被动。故填extracted。
47. When water freezes, it changes from __________ (液体) to solid, which is a physical change. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】liquid
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：当水结冰时，它从液体变成固体，这是一种物理变化。“液体”应用名词liquid，作介词from的宾语，表示“从液体变成固体”。故填liquid。
48. An ________ (客观的) statement is based on facts and observations. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】objective
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：客观陈述是建立在事实和观察的基础上的。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词objective，修饰名词statement，作定语。故填objective。
49. The children from poor families were at a __________ (明显的) disadvantage. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】apparent
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：来自贫困家庭的孩子显然处于不利地位。根据汉语提示可知应用形容词apparent，作定语修饰名词disadvantage。故填apparent。
50. As the small boat moved __________ (轻缓地) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】gently
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：当小船在河边缓缓地移动，山峦静静地倒映在水面上，这让他无法用言语表达。根据汉语提示可知，gently轻缓地，副词作状语修饰空前动词move。故填gently。
51. Many experts_____(提倡) reducing the amount of children’s homework. （根据汉语意思填空）
【答案】advocate
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：许多专家提倡减少孩子的家庭作业。描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时，主语为Many experts，所以填advocate。
52. What does the underlined word “them” in the second __________ (段落) refer to (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】paragraph
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：第二段中划线的单词“them”指的是什么？“段落”应用名词paragraph，作介词in的宾语，且此处指“第二段”，paragraph应用单数形式。故填paragraph。
53. We asked Jason to write an __________ (文章) about his hometown. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】essay
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们让杰森写一篇关于他家乡的文章。分析句子结构以及汉语提示“文章”可知，设空处应填名词essay，作write的宾语。故填essay。
54. We provide all types of information, with an_____ (强调) on legal advice. （根据汉语意思填空）
【答案】emphasis
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们提供各种类型的信息，重点是法律意见。该空作介词with的宾语，用名词，前面有不定冠词修饰，用单数，所以填emphasis。
55. Now we'll be able to live in________(奢华)for the rest of our lives. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】luxury
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：现在我们可以过奢侈的余生了。根据汉语意思“奢华”可知应填名词luxury，作in的宾语。故填luxury。
56. The Internet is a very __________ (效率高的) medium for spreading information. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】efficient
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：因特网是传播信息的一种非常高效的媒介。“效率高的”应用形容词efficient，作修饰medium的定语，表示“高效的媒介”。故填efficient。
57. Over 300 years its population grew __________ (逐渐地) from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time．(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】gradually
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：300多年来，它的人口从800人逐渐增长到800万。但并不是所有的城市都是长期缓慢发展的。根据汉语提示可知应用副词gradually，作状语修饰动词grow。故填gradually。
58. There is no immediate __________ (前景) of peace in this country. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】prospect
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这个国家没有立即实现和平的希望。根据汉语提示可知应用名词prospect，作主语，不可数。故填prospect。
59. You must make sure the time is _________ (准确的). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】accurate
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：你必须确定时间是准确的。分析句子可知，本句为that引导的宾语从句，that省略，从句中is为系动词，后接形容词作表语，accurate意为“准确的”，形容词词性，句中表示时间是准确的，符合句意。故填accurate。
60. The hospital has recently__________ (获得) new medical equipment, allowing more patients to be treated. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】obtained
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：这家医院最近获得了新的医疗设备，可以治疗更多的病人。根据汉语提示可知，obtain获得，动作作谓语；由空前副词recently可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态：has done。故填obtained。
第二节完成句子(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
根据句子意思和语法结构完成句子，如有提示词的请注意使用其正确形式填空。
61. The father is trying his best to prevent his son_____ abandoning himself to the Internet. （用单词适当形式填空）
【答案】from
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这位父亲正在尽力阻止儿子沉迷于互联网。prevent sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事，该句型是固定短语，所以填from。
62. _____(found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Founded
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学校成立于20世纪初，一直致力于激发孩子们对艺术的热爱。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词keeps，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，the school和found为逻辑动宾关系，需填过去分词形式，表示被动，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Founded。
63. In English study,intensive reading must be combined_____ extensive reading. （用单词适当形式填空）
【答案】with
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：在英语学习中，精读一定要结合泛读进行。combine...with是固定短语，表示结合。本句为be combined with。故填with。
64. Paula says that she ________ (work) late every evening next month. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】will be working
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：宝拉说下个月她每天晚上都要工作到很晚。结合语境和“every evening next month”此处表示对未来的预测，并非人为安排，故应用将来进行时。故填will be working。
65. They went to London, __________ they lived for half a year. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】where
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们去了伦敦，在那里住了半年。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词London作补充说明，先行词在从句中表示行为发生的地点，作地点状语，应用关系副词where作引导词。故填where。
66. We are short of two people, without __________ we will need three more days to finish the work. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whom
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们缺两个人，没有他们我们还需要三天才能完成这项工作。在非限制性定语从句中缺少介词without后的宾语，且先行词为two people，所以应用关系代词whom。故填whom。
67. I live next door to a couple________children often make a lot of noise.(用适当的单词填空)
【答案】whose
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：我住在一对夫妇的隔壁，他们的孩子经常吵闹。本句为定语从句，修饰先行词couple（夫妇），且先行词在从句中作宾语，故用关系代词whose。故填whose。
68. The number of smokers, _________ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】as
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：据报道，吸烟者的数量在短短一年内就下降了17%。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句，引导词在从句中作主语，意为“正如”，应用关系代词as引导。故填as。
69. I visited Hangzhou last summer, __________ is a beautiful city. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】which
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：去年夏天我参观了杭州，那是一个美丽的城市。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导非限制性定语从句；先行词是Hangzhou，关系词在定语从句中作主语，指物需用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句；that不用于非限制性定语从句中。故填which。
70. When you reach the other end of the bridge, I ________ (wait) right there to show you the way. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】will be waiting
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：当你到达桥的另一端时，我会在那里等着给你指路。此处在主句中作谓语，由句意可知，此处表示将来某一时间正在做，应用将来进行时，故填will be waiting。
第四部分读后续写(满分25分)
71. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jenny was the only child in her family. She had a quarrel with her mother that afternoon and she ran out of the house angrily. She couldn’t help weeping sorrowfully when she thought of the scolding from her mother. Having wandered aimlessly in the street for hours, she felt a little hungry and wished for something to eat. She stood beside a stand for a while, watching the middle-aged seller busy doing his business. However, with no money in hand, she gave a sigh and had to leave. The seller behind the stand noticed the young girl and asked, “Hey, girl, you want to have the noodles ” “Oh, yes, but I don’t have money on me.” she replied.
“That’s nothing. I’ll treat you today,” said the man “Come in.” The seller brought her a bowl of noodles, whose smell was so attractive. As she was eating, Jenny cried silently. “What is it ” asked the man kindly. “Nothing. Actually, I was just touched by your kindness!” said Jenny as she wiped her tears. “Even a stranger on the street will give me a bowl of noodles, while my mother drove me out of the house. She showed no care for me. She is so merciless compared to a stranger!” Hearing the words, the seller smiled, “Girl, do you really think so I only gave you a bowl of noodles and you thanked me a lot. But it is your mother who has raised you since you were a baby. Can you number the times she cooked for you Have you expressed your gratitude to her ” Jenny sat there, speechless and numb with shock: she remembered her mother’s familiar face and weathered hands. “Why didn’t I think of that A bowl of noodles from a stranger made me feel indebted. Why haven’t I thanked my mum for what she has done for me ” On the way home. Jenny made up her mind to make an apology to her mother for her rudeness as soon as she arrived home.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右;
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Nearing the doorway. Jenny took a deep breath.
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A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back.
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【答案】Nearing the doorway, Jenny took a deep breath. When she pushed the door open and entered the house, she found her mother was not in. Tired and sad, she sunk down into the sofa. “ Where could my mother be ” she wondered. “Was she still angry with me ” Again, the scene of the quarrel appeared in her mind. She remembered her rudeness to her mother. Realizing that all the scolding from her mother was due to the fact that her mother really cared a lot about her, she felt rather ashamed, tears rolling down her cheeks.
A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back. She raised her head and saw the familiar face of her mother. “Here you come! I’ve been looking for you,” she said, fatigued but relieved. Jenny couldn’t help throwing herself into her mother’ arms. “Mum, I’m so sorry and thank you for all you have done for me.” she expressed her sincere apology and great gratitude. Hearing this, her mother smiled, patting her back gently. It dawned on Jenny that Mum’s love was invisible and intangible, but always surrounded us.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了珍妮与母亲吵架而离家出走，在感到饥饿而没钱吃饭的时候，一个商贩给了她一碗面条，珍妮非常感动，觉得自己母亲非常的无情不关心她，而商贩的话让珍妮觉得自己对母亲太粗鲁了，于是下定决心回家向母亲道歉的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“快到门口时，珍妮深吸了一口气。”可知，第一段可描写Jenny回家后的心理活动。
②由第二段首句内容“她的头发被轻轻地碰了一下，她的思绪又回来了。”可知，第二段可描写Jenny给妈妈道歉，母女俩和好的过程。
2.续写线索：感到疲惫和伤心——想起争吵的场景——意识到妈妈在乎自己——感到惭愧——看见妈妈——扑进妈妈怀里——道歉和感谢——妈妈原谅Jenny
3.词汇激活
行为类
出现在脑海：appear in one’s mind/come to one’s mind
流下：roll down/stream down
意识到：realize/be aware of
表达：express/convey
情绪类
难过的：sad/upset
感谢：thank/appreciate
疲惫的：tired/exhausted
【点睛】[高分句型1]
When she pushed the door open and entered the house, she found her mother was not in.（运用了when引导时间状语从句，省略了that的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]
Realizing that all the scolding from her mother was due to the fact that her mother really cared a lot about her, she felt rather ashamed, tears rolling down her cheeks.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和同位语从句，其中第一个that引导宾语从句，第二个that引导同位语从句，tears rolling down her cheeks为独立主格结构）
