2023级高一第一学期期末考试英语科试卷
(本试卷分第I卷和第II卷两部分;满分150分;考试时间120分钟)
第I卷 选择题部分(满分110分)
第一部分 听力理解 (共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)
每段播放两遍。各段后有几个小题，各段播放前每小题有5秒钟的阅读时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
1. Why is Harry unwilling to join the woman
A. He has a pain in his knee. B. He wants to watch TV. C. He is too lazy.
2. What will the woman probably do next
A. Stay at home. B. Take Harry to hospital. C. Do some exercise.
【答案】1. B 2. C
【解析】
【原文】
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
3. What was the woman doing when she saw the dolphins
A. Swimming. B. Diving. C. Sailing.
4. Why did the woman give up skydiving
A. The weather was bad. B. She felt quite tired. C. She got frightened.
5. What did the woman find most exciting
A. Hiking in the rainforest. B. Exploring the old caves. C. Climbing the mountains.
【答案】3. A 4. C 5. B
【解析】
【原文】M：How was your adventure vacation
W：It was wonderful. The beaches were great. I spent a lot of time on the beach and I also tried diving. I love being on the water. Oh, I saw dolphins when I was swimming.
M：Wow! Did you go climbing
W：Well, there was a rainforest and a mountain in the center of the island. We went to the bottom of the mountain and spent four hours going to the forest, but then I just felt too tired, so I just stayed at the bottom.
M：What about skydiving
W：I wanted to, but I realized I was scared of heights, so I just gave up. Quite by chance, the weather was bad, so we had to call the sailing trip off.
M：That’s a shame. So what was the most exciting part of the trip
W：Probably having the adventures in the old caves. I had never done it before, and thought it was great.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What day is it today
A. Wednesday. B. Thursday. C. Friday.
7. What has stopped the woman taking the table by the window
A. It’s already been reserved. B. It’s in the smoking area. C. It costs more.
8. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Try another restaurant. B. Choose an outdoor table. C. Make a reservation another day.
【答案】6. A 7. B 8. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, Blue Hills at Fox River. How can I help you
W: Hello, I’d like to reserve a table for two at 8:00 this Friday evening.
M: This Friday… that would be the day after tomorrow. May I have your name, Madam
W: It’s Lisa Fremont, and I’d like the table to be near the window, please.
M: We do still have one table by the window available, Ms. Fremont, but it’s in the smoking area. Can you accept that
W: No. I can’t bear the cigarettes. Perhaps I should make a reservation at your place some other day…
M: Well, why not choose an outdoor table, Ms. Fremont I think it would be nice to enjoy your meal in the open air on a pleasant summer evening.
W: You’ve got a point. Okay. Thanks.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
9. What does the woman think of English
A. It is quite difficult to spell.
B. It is a stress-based language.
C. It is widely spoken in the world.
10. What’s the man’s problem while speaking English
A. He doesn’t have enough vocabulary.
B. He can’t pronounce exactly like a robot.
C. He can’t tell strong and weak forms.
11. What does the woman advise the man to do
A. Listen to music. B. See English films. C. Stress words clearly.
【答案】9. B 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, Jane. I’m having a problem with this English listening task. Some words are pronounced really fast and sound different.
W: Oh, let me listen... Yes, that’s probably because the words are not being stressed. You see, English is a stress-based language.
M: So does this mean 1 need to know which words are stressed and which are not
W: Yes, I’m afraid so. English words have a strong form and a weak form. Words like articles, pronouns and soon are often not stressed. So we usually use the weak form for them when we speak.
M: Oh, no. When I speak, I worry people can’t understand me, so I always try to pronounce all my words really clearly. No wonder my classmates say I sound like a robot!
W: Oh, 1 suggest you watch some movies and study how the weak forms are used.
M: I get it. Thank you.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
12. What did researchers study in two tests
A. The way of seagulls’ stealing food.
B. The effects of staring at seagulls.
C. The different food thieves.
13. What did one fourth of birds do with eye contact in the test
A. They flew away immediately.
B. They stood still and looked at the food.
C. They made an attempt to steal food.
14. What did Madeleine think of seagulls
A. They snatched food violently.
B. They stole food secretly.
C. They attacked people aggressively.
15. How do people stop seagulls stealing food effectively
A. By feeding them first. B. By setting a big trap. C. By staring at them.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Researchers have come up with a useful method to discourage seagulls from stealing your picnic sandwiches or making a grab for your French fries. The advice is to stare at the birds to prevent any food theft. This valuable tip comes from a study from the University of Exeter in the UK. Researchers conducted tests on the effects of staring at the sea birds. They put a bag of fries on the ground and monitored how long it took gulls to approach and snatch the fries without a researcher looking at the birds. They then carried out the same test, but this time a researcher made eye contact as a bird approached. The birds took extra 21 seconds to approach the food when a researcher stared at them. The researchers concluded that the seagulls were prevented by the human gaze. Only 25 percent of the birds made an attempt to take the researchers’ food with the eye contact. Three-quarters of the birds just stood still and looked at the food or flew away. Lead researcher Madeleine Goumas said, “I noticed that gulls seemed to have a bad reputation for food-snatching, but I saw it happen quite rarely. When I did see it happen, gulls often swooped in from behind, and the people were completely unaware. Gulls are often seen as aggressive and willing to take food from humans, so it was interesting to find that most wouldn’t even come near during our tests.”
第二部分 语言知识运用 (共两节, 满分45分)
第一节 单项填空 (共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
16. He made a proposal that the problems _______ paid special attention to.
A. referring to being B. referred to being C. referring to be D. referred to be
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和虚拟语气。句意：他建议对所提到的问题给予特别注意。此处refer to与problems构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，且proposal后同位语从句需用虚拟语气，谓语用should+动词原形，should可以省略，此处pay attention to与problem构成被动关系，be用动词原形。故选D。
17. Gradually, my passion for science fiction books ______, for it was hard for me to _____ myself in them.
A. died away; bury B. died out; apply C. died down; bury D. died off; apply
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和动词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我对科幻小说的热情逐渐消失了，因为很难找到一本能让我埋头苦读的好书。died away消失，bury埋头于，专心于；died out灭绝，apply申请；应用；died down逐渐减弱或消失；died off逐渐减少。根据句中“it was hard for me”可推知，因为没有好书，所以热情逐渐消失，第一空处可用动词短语die down；第二空用动词短语bury oneself in...，意为“埋头于，专心于”。故选C项。
18. _______ with the other candidates, Lucy was more equal ________ this position.
A. Comparing; to B. Compared; to C. Comparing; in D. Compared; in
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和介词。句意：与其他候选人相比，露西更适合这个职位。be equal to是固定短语，意为“胜任”，因此第二空是to；句中谓语是was more equal，第一空用非谓语动词，Lucy和compare之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此第一空用过去分词表被动，compared with“与……相比”是固定搭配。故选B。
19. Only _______ as an interpreter _______ how important it is to grasp English.
A. when did I work; I realized
B. when I worked; I realized
C. when did I work; did I realize
D. when I worked; did I realize
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：只有当我作为一名口译人员时，我才意识到掌握英语是多么的重要。only+状语/状语从句位于句首时，主句使用部分倒装，即把谓语的一部分(be/do/will/can/have等)提到主语之前，only后的从句不倒装，排除A、C；B项主句没有倒装，排除B，故选D。
20. Although the causes of cancer _____________we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it.
A. are being uncovered B. have been uncovering
C. are uncovering D. have uncovered
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：虽然癌症的原因正在被解开，但是我们何不用一些实际可行的方案去防止呢？这里the causes of cancer与uncover之间是被动关系，故排除BCD, 且根据句意，表示动作正在进行。故选A项。
21. Frank, rather than his two sisters, _______ London next morning by train which _______ at 8:30.
A. is leaving for; will leave B. are leaving for; leaves
C. is leaving for; leaves D. will leave for; is leaving
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：Frank，而不是他的两个姐妹，将乘坐明天早上8点半离开的火车去伦敦。根据句意以及“next morning”可知，第一个空应用现在进行时表将来，表示已经计划好的动作，主语是Frank，谓语动词用第三人称单数；所以第一空填is leaving for；第二空在定语从句“which ________at 8:30”中作谓语动词，应用一般现在时表将来（按照具体时刻表要发生的动作用一般现在时态表将来，常用于交通工具的运行），which在定语从句中作主语，指代先行词train，谓语动词用单数，所以第二空填leaves。故选C。
22. That was the very reason _______ Mac gave me the other day.
A. why B. that C. which D. what
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这正是麦克那天告诉我的原因。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词reason是物，又因为先行词在从句中作宾语且前面有the very修饰，所以用关系代词that来引导。故选B项。
23. I will never forget the day _______ I first went into the senior high school, _______ was greater than I could expect.
A. when; which B. that; which C. which; where D. when; as
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记我第一次进入高中的那一天，比我想象的要棒。第一空引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词the days，设空处指代先行词在从句中充当时间状语，用关系副词when引导；第二空引导非限制性定语从句，设空处指代空前整个句子阐述的事情，在从句中作主语，用关系代词 which引导。故选A项。
24. In August, radioactive wastewater from Japan was released into the Pacific Ocean, _______ effects people are still suffering.
A. from which B. in which C. from whose D. in whose
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：今年8月，来自日本的放射性废水被排放到太平洋，人们至今仍在遭受其影响。观察选项可知，空格处是“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句，根据“radioactive wastewater from Japan was released into the Pacific Ocean”和suffering可知，句子表示“来自日本的放射性废水被排放到太平洋，人们至今仍在遭受其影响”，suffer from是固定短语，意为“遭受”，effects和主句描述的事情之间是所属关系，因此空格处用“from whose”引导定语从句，故选C。
25. Because of the limited time, we will start at the point _______ we left off yesterday.
A. which B. where C. as D. when
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：由于时间有限，我们将从昨天停止的地方开始。此处是限定性定语从句，修饰先行词point，关系词在从句作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选B。
第二节 完形填空 (共15小题;每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其段落大意,然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
No one is born a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own ____26____.
I learned this lesson from an experience many years ago. I took the head ____27____ job at a school in Baxley, Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program.
It was a tradition for the school’s old team to play against the ____28____ team at the end of spring practice. The old team had no coach, and they didn’t even practice to ____29____ the game. Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated. I couldn’t ___30___ I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it, I came to ____31____ that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia, but they were depending on me. I had to change my ____32____ towards their ability and potential.
I started doing anything I could to help them build a little ____33____. Most importantly, I began to treat them like ____34____. That summer, when the other teams enjoyed their vacations, we met every day and practiced passing and ____35____ the football.
Six months after suffering our defeat on the spring practice field, we won our first game and our second, and continued to ____36____. Finally, we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a ____37____ for us even if we lost the game. But that wasn’t what happened. My boys beat the best team in Georgia, giving me one of the greatest ____38____ of my life!
From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can affect the members of a team. Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and ____39____ them. I helped them to see themselves ____40____, and they built themselves into winners.
Winners are made, not born.
26. A. luck B. tests C. efforts D. nature
27. A. operating B. editing C. consulting D. coaching
28. A. successful B. excellent C. strong D. new
29. A. search for B. prepare for C. help with D. finish with
30. A. believe B. agree C. describe D. identify
31. A. realize B. forgive C. comment D. demand
32. A. decision B. attitude C. conclusion D. intention
33. A. pride B. wisdom C. fortune D. pressure
34. A. leaders B. partners C. champions D. learners
35. A. exchanging B. delivering C. clicking D. kicking
36. A. recover B. improve C. expand D. defend
37. A. shame B. burden C. victory D. favor
38. A. events B. thrills C. concerns D. offers
39. A. encouraged B. observed C. protected D. impressed
40. A. honestly B. individually C. calmly D. differently
【答案】26. C 27. D 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D 36. B 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者当了一支很弱的足球队的教练，但是作者并没有把队友当成失败者，而是鼓励他们，后来队员们赢得了比赛，并打败了乔治亚州最好的球队。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们通过自己的努力使自己成为赢家。A. luck运气；B. tests测试；C. efforts努力；D. nature自然。根据上文“No one is born a winner”可知，没有人生来就是赢家，要通过努力才能成为赢家。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我接受了乔治亚州巴克斯利一所学校的主教练工作。A. operating操作；B. editing编辑；C. consulting咨询；D. coaching教练。根据第4空后的“Being the coach of the new team, I was excited”可知，作者去那个学校当主教练。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学校的老队在春季训练结束时与新队比赛是一项传统。A. successful成功的；B. excellent优秀的；C. strong强壮的；D. new新的。根据上文“the school’s old team to play against”和下文“Being the coach of the new team”可知，学校的老队在春季训练结束时与新队比赛是一项传统。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这支老球队没有教练，他们甚至没有为比赛做准备。A. search for寻找；B. prepare for为……做准备；C. help with在某方面帮助；D. finish with以……结束。根据上文“they didn’t even practice to”可知，这支老球队没有教练，他们没有为比赛做准备。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不敢相信自己会陷入这样的境地。A. believe相信；B. agree同意；C. describe描述；D. identify鉴别。根据上文“I had got into such a situation”可知，作者不敢相信自己会陷入这样的境地。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：仔细想了想，我开始意识到我的球队可能不是乔治亚州的头号球队，但他们依靠我。A. realize意识到；B. forgive原谅；C. comment评论；D. demand要求。根据下文“my team might not be the number one team in Georgia, but they were depending on me”可知，空后内容是作者意识到的事情。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我必须改变我对他们的能力和潜力的态度。A. decision决定；B. attitude态度；C. conclusion结论；D. intention意图。根据上文“my team might not be the number one team in Georgia, but they were depending on me”和下文“towards their ability and potential”可知，作者开始意识到作者的球队可能不是乔治亚州的头号球队，但他们依靠我，所以作者要改变对他们的能力和潜力的态度。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始尽我所能帮助他们建立一点自豪感。A. pride自豪；B. wisdom智慧；C. fortune好运；D. pressure压力。根据下一段的“we won our first game and our second”可知，作者的球队后来赢得了比赛，作者尽自己所能帮助队员建立一点自豪感。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最重要是，我开始像对待冠军一样对待他们。A. leaders领导；B. partners搭档；C. champions冠军；D. learners学习者。根据下文“Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed”可知，作者没有把队员们看作失败者，而是像对待冠军一样对待他们。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那年夏天，当其他球队都在度假的时候，我们每天都见面，练习传球和踢球。A. exchanging交换；B. delivering递送；C. clicking点击；D. kicking踢。根据下文“the football”可知，队员们练习踢球。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在春季训练场上遭受失败的六个月后，我们赢得了第一场比赛和第二场比赛，并继续提高。A. recover恢复；B. improve提高；C. expand扩展；D. defend保卫。根据上文“we won our first game and our second, and continued to”可知，球队赢了第一场比赛和第二场比赛，并继续提高。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得即使我们输了这场比赛，对我们来说也是一场胜利。A. shame羞耻，羞愧；B. burden负担；C. victory胜利；D. favor赞同。根据上文“we faced the number one team in the state”可知，作者球队面对的是本州排名第一的队伍，所以作者认为即使球队输了这场比赛，对作者的球队来说也是一场胜利。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的孩子们打败了乔治亚州最好的球队，这是我一生中最激动人心的事情之一！A. events事件；B. thrills令人激动的事；C. concerns担忧；D. offers主动提议。根据上文“My boys beat the best team in Georgia”可知，作者球队的队员们打败了乔治亚州最好的球队，这是作者一生中最激动人心的事情之一。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有把我的孩子们看作失败者，而是督促和鼓励他们。A. encouraged鼓励；B. observed观察；C. protected保护；D. impressed使留下深刻印象。根据上文“I pushed and”可知，作者督促和鼓励队员们。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我帮助他们以不同的方式看待自己，他们把自己打造成了赢家。A. honestly真诚地；B. individually分别地，单独地；C. calmly平静地；D. differently不同地。根据第2空后的“It was a small school with a weak football program”可知，作者的球队原来很弱，再根据空后的“they built themselves into winners”可知，作者的队员后来以不同的方式看待自己，把自己打造成了赢家。故选D。
第三部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题, 每小题2.5分, 共37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
China is a country well worth visiting. The following tips may make your trip to China pleasant and satisfactory.
Which cities are preferable for tourists to visit on their first trip to China
What you see depends on how long you can stay in China. Generally speaking, tourists should first visit cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Xi’an.
Beijing is a political and cultural centre that offers great scenic attractions like the Forbidden City and the Summer Palace. Besides, foods such as Beijing roast duck and instant-boiled mutton have proved popular with tourists.
Shanghai, a shopping centre for best buys, is the largest city in China. Tourists will be satisfied with what the city supplies, from various snacks and cakes to handicrafts and textiles. Neighbouring Suzhou and Hangzhou are considered by Chinese to be “paradise on Earth”.
Xi’an, the starting point of the ancient Silk Road, was the capital of many dynasties in the Chinese history. The city is rich in tourism resources such as Great Wild Goose Pagoda and the Huaqing Hot Springs.
When is the best time for the trip
China is a vast land with great contrasts in landscape and climate. Consequently tourists may pay a visit anytime. Spring and autumn are supposed to be the best times to tour cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Xi’an.
If you dislike the cold, you can visit Kunming in south China, which is known for its year-round spring weather. A closer look takes you to the Stone Forest and the Dianchi Lake. If you rarely have a chance to see snow, Harbin is a best choice in January and February.
What is well worth purchasing in China
China has won a worldwide reputation for handicrafts, silk, porcelain and textiles, all more reasonably priced and of greater variety than elsewhere in the world. Unique local creations are available in their own cities. If tourists are not able to reach these cities, most of these products can be purchased in the Friendship stores in big cities.
If you buy antique objects, be sure to get your receipts and an identification seal before you go through the Chinese customs.
41. Where is the passage most likely taken from
A. A textbook. B. A report. C. A magazine. D. An advertisement.
42. Compared with the cities in north China, in what aspect is Kunming unique
A. Mild climate. B. Delicious food. C. Breathtaking scenery. D. Magnificent architecture.
43. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs
A. In China tourists can buy silk at a lower price than elsewhere in the world.
B. Tourists have no alternative but to buy the souvenirs where they are made.
C. The unique products are bound to be bought in big cities’ Friendship stores.
D. Tourists must prove the purchase of ancient paintings is through legal means.
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要从城市的选择、旅游时间和购物等方面给初次来中国旅游的游客提供了建议。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段“China is a country well worth visiting. The following tips may make your trip to China pleasant and satisfactory.(中国是一个值得一游的国家。以下提示可能会使你的中国之行愉快而满意。)”并结合下文中介绍的在中国旅游的一些相关情况可知，本文最有可能是杂志上与旅游有关的文章。故选C项。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据When is the best time for the trip 部分中第二段的“If you dislike the cold, you can visit Kunming in south China, which is known for its year-round spring weather.(如果你不喜欢寒冷，你可以去中国南方的昆明，那里以一年四季的春天而闻名。)”可知，与北方城市相比，昆明独特的魅力在于四季如春，气候温和。故选A项。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据What is well worth purchasing in China 部分中第二段中的“If you buy antique objects, be sure to get your receipts and an identification seal before you go through the Chinese customs.(如果你买古董，一定要在过中国海关之前拿到收据和身份印章。)”可知，购买古董需索取发票和鉴定标识，以此证明购买手续合法。故选D项。
B
Banff National Park is home to an amazing wildlife population. But the busy Trans Canada Highway that cuts through the park is a hazard to the lovely animals. To address the problem, Banff first put up wildlife fencing on either side of the highway to discourage animals from entering the busy road. Then, since 1996, they’ve opened six wildlife overpasses and 38 underpasses to help the animals cross the highway in safety.
I was fortunate to visit Banff’s Red Earth Overpass with Trevor Kinley, the project manager with Parks Canada. He told me that so far, they have documented 10, 000 safe animal crossings on this overpass alone. “Some animals have learned how to use the crossings much more quickly than others. Black bears are the fastest learners, followed by deer. Wolves and lions take the longest to work out how to use them,” Kinley said, laughing. “But those animals that are slower to adapt are usually more capable and determined at figuring out the safest way to cross those overpasses and underpasses.”
There is some criticism (批评) that channeling so much wildlife into a few bridges and tunnels is like making a trap for the animals, offering big animals an easy meal on either side. “But research has shown that this is not the case,” Kinley assured me. “There are no more killings around the crossings than there are anywhere else in the park.”
Walking over the Trans Canada and then walking underneath through one of the tunnels, I was amazed to see the fresh tracks of black bears, wolves, deer and many kinds of smaller animals. Somehow, all these animal footprints made me so delighted, knowing that all this wildlife was passing safely under and over the longest road in Canada.
Hopefully, the success of the wildlife crossings in Banff will continue to inspire similar solutions around the world, where human pressure on wildlife continues to grow.
44. Which of the following best explains “hazard” underlined in paragraph 1
A. Shelter. B. Habitat. C. Access. D. Danger.
45. What does Trevor Kinley say about those wolves and lions
A. They are stupid animals. B. They are cautious learners.
C. They are very dangerous. D. They are good at adapting.
46. What are the critics worried about
A. There are too many bridges and tunnels. B. More killings might happen at the crossings.
C. Many animals will be trapped in the crossings. D. Illegal hunting might happen in the park.
47. What’s the author’s attitude towards those overpasses and underpasses
A. Concerned. B. Indifferent. C. Supportive. D. Skeptical.
【答案】44. D 45. B 46. B 47. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。人们设立了野生动物立交桥和地下通道，以帮助动物安全地穿过高速公路，对此人们有不同的看法，但是作者是支持态度。
【44题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“To address the problem, Banff first put up wildlife fencing on either side of the highway to discourage animals from entering the busy road. Then, since 1996, they’ve opened six wildlife overpasses and 38 underpasses to help the animals cross the highway in safety.(为了解决这个问题，班夫首先在高速公路两侧设置了野生动物围栏，以阻止动物进入繁忙的道路。然后，自1996年以来，他们开通了6个野生动物立交桥和38个地下通道，以帮助动物安全地穿过高速公路)”可知，人们设立了野生动物立交桥和地下通道，以帮助动物安全地穿过高速公路，说明穿过公园的繁忙的加拿大横贯公路对这些可爱的动物来说是一个危险。故划线词意思是“危险”。故选D。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Some animals have learned how to use the crossings much more quickly than others. Black bears are the fastest learners, followed by deer. Wolves and lions take the longest to work out how to use them(有些动物比其他动物更快地学会了如何使用交叉通道。黑熊是学得最快的，其次是鹿。狼和狮子花了最长的时间才学会如何使用它们)”可知，特雷弗·金利认为狼和狮子是谨慎的学习者。故选B。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“There are no more killings around the crossings than there are anywhere else in the park.(十字路口附近的致死事件并不比公园其他地方多)”可知，评论家们担心的是更多的杀戮可能发生在十字路口。故选B。
【47题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Somehow, all these animal footprints made me so delighted, knowing that all this wildlife was passing safely under and over the longest road in Canada.(不知何故，所有这些动物的脚印让我如此高兴，知道所有这些野生动物都在加拿大最长的道路下面和上面安全通过)”可推知，作者对那些立交桥和地下通道的态度是支持的。故选C。
C
If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language
According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter density (灰质密度). This is the area of the brain which processes (加工) information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles. The study also found the younger people learn a second language, the greater the effect is.
A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, from University College London (UCL), took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.
Scans showed that grey matter density in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference was.
“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language,” said the scientists. It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.
Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. “Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible.” he said. “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”
The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learnt English as a second language between the ages of two and thirty-four. Reading, writing, and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world,” explained the scientists.
48. Why does the writer mention “exercise” in the second paragraph
A To make people believe language learning is helpful for their health.
B. To suggest language learning is also a kind of physical labor.
C. To prove that one needs more resources when he/she is learning a language.
D. To tell us that learning a language can train your brain effectively.
49. What can we know from the scientific findings
A. The ability of learning a second language is changing all the time.
B. The earlier you start to learn a second language, the higher the grey matter density is.
C. The experience of learning a second language has a bad effect on brain.
D. There is no difference between a later second language learner and one without a second language.
50. In the last two paragraphs, the author tries to tell us that ________.
A. early learning of a second language helps in studying other subjects
B. learning a second language is the same as studying maths
C. Italian is the best choice for you as a second language
D you’d better choose the ages between 2 and 34 to learn a second language
51. What is mainly talked about in this passage
A. Language learning is closely connected with maths study.
B. Man has a great ability of learning a second language.
C. Studying a foreign language can improve man’s ability to think.
D. The study done by the researchers from UCL is failed finally.
【答案】48. D 49. B 50. A 51. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一项新研究表明，学习新语言会增加大脑的灰质密度，让人变得更聪明，而且越早学习新语言，这种效果就越好。
【48题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter density(灰质密度). This is the area of the brain which processes(加工) information.(根据英国一所大学的一项新研究，学习第二语言可以提高你的脑力。研究人员发现，学习其他语言会改变灰质密度。这是大脑中处理信息的区域。)”可知，一项新研究发现学习新语言可以提高脑力，改变大脑的灰质密度，接着“It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.(这与锻炼增加肌肉的方式相似。)”提到学习新语言提高脑力与锻炼增加肌肉的方式相似，结合常识可知，锻炼时会通过各种运动来活动肌肉，让肌肉变得更强大，由此可推测出，提到锻炼是为了更好地说明学习新语言能够有效训练大脑，让头脑变得更灵活。故选D。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The study also found the younger people learn a second language, the greater the effect is.(研究还发现，学习第二语言的人越年轻，效果就越大。)”和第四段“Scans showed that grey matter density in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference was.(扫描显示，双语者大脑中的灰质密度高于没有学第二语言的人。但一个人在掌握一门新语言之前等待的时间越长，差异就越小。)”可推知，学习第二语言会增加灰质密度，而且越早学习，效果就越好，越晚学习，灰质密度的变化就越小。故选B。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. ‘Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible.’ he said. ‘You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.’(威尔士大学的Dylan Vaughan Jones教授研究了双语与数学技能之间的联系。他说：‘拥有两种语言可以给你打开两扇世界之窗，让大脑更加灵活。你实际上超越了语言，对不同的想法有了更好的理解。’)”和最后一段中的“The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. ‘Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world,’ explained the scientists.(结果表明，他们开始学习的年龄越小越好。科学家们解释说：‘学习一门语言意味着你可以进入另一个世界。’)”可知，威尔士大学的Dylan Vaughan Jones教授研究双语与数学技能之间的联系，他认为学习语言可以更好地了解不同的想法；科学家们认为学习语言让人了解另一个世界，而不单单局限于语言方面，而且越早学习，效果就越好。由此可推测出，提早学习第二语言有助于学习其他科目。故选A。
【51题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段中用问题“Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language (你没有注意到，自从你开始学习一门语言以来，你变得更聪明了吗？)”引出学习语言会让人变聪明的话题，接下来具体介绍了一项新研究的发现：学习新语言会增加大脑的灰质密度（这是大脑中的信息加工区域），而且越早学习新语言，这种效果就越好。由此可推测出，本文主要讲述的是学习新语言有助于提高人的思维能力。故选C。
D
Imagine you can open your fridge, open an app on your phone and immediately know which items will go bad soon. This is one of the applications that a new technology developed by engineers at the University of California San Diego would enable.
The technology combines a chip (芯片) integrated into product packaging and a software update on your phone. The phone becomes capable of identifying objects based on signals the chip sends out from specific frequencies, in this case Bluetooth or WiFi. In an industrial setting, a smartphone equipped with the software update could be used as a radio frequency identification (RFID) reader.
The work uses breakthroughs in backscatter (反向散射) communication, which uses signals already generated by your smartphone and re-directs them back in a format your phone can understand. Effectively, this technique uses less power than the latest technology to generate WiFi signals.
The custom chip, which is roughly the size of a grain of sand and costs only a few pennies to produce, needs so little power that it can be entirely powered by LTE signals, a technique for wireless broadband communication for mobile devices. The chip turns Bluetooth signals into WiFi signals, which can in turn be detected by a smartphone with that specific software update.
The technology’s broader promise is the development of devices that do not need batteries because they can harvest power from LTE signals instead. This in turn would lead to devices that are significantly less expensive that last longer, said Dinesh Bharadia, one of the paper’s senior authors.
“E-waste, especially batteries, is one of the biggest problems the planet is facing, after climate change,” Bharadia said.
For future research, the team will integrate this technology into other projects to demonstrate its capabilities, and they also hope to commercialize it, either through a startup or through an industry partner.
52. How does the chip interact with the phone
A. By providing power for the phone. B. By producing LTE signals for the phone.
C. By giving Bluetooth signals to the phone. D. By sending WiFi signals back to the phone.
53. What is the potential of the technology according to Bharadia
A. Reducing e-waste. B. Making batteries cheap.
C. Supplying power to LTE signals. D. Decreasing the cost of LTE signals.
54. What will the team do in the future
A. Invest in new technologies. B. Bring the technology to market.
C. Improve the quality of the device. D. Commercialize more research projects.
55. Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. New technology turns smartphones into RFID readers
B. Smartphones need to be equipped with soft updates
C. RFID readers obtain new chips and have new functions
D. Backscatter communication makes the best of smartphones
【答案】52. D 53. A 54. B 55. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了加州大学圣地亚哥分校的工程师们开发的一种新技术，该技术结合了集成在产品包装中的芯片和手机上的软件更新，使人们可以通过打开冰箱或手机应用程序立即知道哪些物品即将变质。文章介绍了这项技术的原理、应用和未来发展。
【52题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“The phone becomes capable of identifying objects based on signals the chip sends out from specific frequencies, in this case Bluetooth or WiFi. (手机可以根据芯片从特定频率发出的信号来识别物体，在里是蓝牙或WiFi信号。)”和第四段中“The chip turns Bluetooth signals into WiFi signals, which can in turn be detected by a smartphone with that specific software update. (该芯片将蓝牙信号转换为WiFi信号，然后可以被安装了特定软件更新的智能手机检测到。)”可推知，芯片通过向手机发送WiFi信号来与手机互动。故选D项。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“The technology’s broader promise is the development of devices that do not need batteries because they can harvest power from LTE signals instead. This in turn would lead to devices that are significantly less expensive that last longer, said Dinesh Bharadia (这项技术更广阔的前景是开发不需要电池的设备，因为它们可以从LTE信号中获取电力。迪内什·巴拉迪亚说，这反过来又会导致设备价格大幅降低，使用寿命更长)”和第六段中Bharadia的话“E-waste, especially batteries, is one of the biggest problems the planet is facing, after climate change (继气候变化之后，电子垃圾，尤其是电池，是地球面临的最大问题之一)”可知，Bharadia认为可以利用这项技术开发不需要电池的设备，由此推知，电池的减少也就意味着电子垃圾的减少。故选A项。
【54题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“For future research, the team will integrate this technology into other projects to demonstrate its capabilities, and they also hope to commercialize it, either through a startup or through an industry partner. (对于未来的研究，该团队将把这项技术整合到其他项目中，以展示其能力，他们还希望通过创业公司或行业合作伙伴将其商业化。)”可知，这个团队将会把这项技术推向市场，使其商业化。故选B项。
【55题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Imagine you can open your fridge, open an app on your phone and immediately know which items will go bad soon. (想象一下，你可以打开冰箱，打开手机上的一个应用程序，立即知道哪些食物很快就会变质。)”和第二段中“The technology combines a chip (芯片) integrated into product packaging and a software update on your phone. The phone becomes capable of identifying objects based on signals the chip sends out from specific frequencies, in this case Bluetooth or WiFi. In an industrial setting, a smartphone equipped with the software update could be used as a radio frequency identification (RFID) reader. (这项技术结合了集成在产品包装中的芯片和手机上的软件更新。手机可以根据芯片从特定频率发出的信号来识别物体，在这种情况下是蓝牙或WiFi。在工业环境中，安装了软件更新的智能手机可以用作射频识别(RFID)阅读器。)”可知，文章介绍了一项新的技术可以将手机变成射频识别(RFID)阅读器。因此“新技术将智能手机变成RFID阅读器”是文章最佳标题。故选A项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Venice is suffering the worst flooding the city has experienced in 50 years. The city is “on its knees” and Venetian Mayor Luigi Brugnaro tweeted as water submerged (淹没) much of the famous historical city.
While floods are a normal part of life in Venice, they have never happened with such frequency before. Experts say that climate change is likely to blame. ____56____ The Venetian council voted against a measure to fight climate change just a few moments before their chamber (会议厅) flooded.
Flooding is just one of the many impacts from climate change that is being experienced with more frequency and globally threatens many vulnerable (脆弱的) areas and regions. There is a threat that is not often considered. ____57____ Natural and man-made heritage sites throughout the world are in danger of being damaged or destroyed by climate change.
____58____ Some will be hit by flooding, like Venice, others by extreme weather events or rising temperatures. For instance, George Town, the capital of the Malaysian state Penang faces rising sea levels, landslides and more severe typhoons, while Yellowstone ecosystem in the western United States faces melting snows, more frequent wildfires and a changing ecosystem.
Changes in the ocean will have a profound impact on many of these sites. ____59____ And rising sea levels threaten to wash away many of the world’s great archaeological sites.
Experts say that the solutions to saving these sites will be varied, but many will be very expensive. ____60____
A. Different ways can be used to save these sites.
B. Climate change will impact these sites in different ways.
C. It is the damage from climate change to the world’s heritage.
D. But putting in place protective measures has proven difficult.
E. Warming water threatens to kill much of the coral in the Great Barrier Reef.
F. Many heritage sites on land are facing the great threat posed by global warming.
G. Therefore, they suggest that countries should work together to protect heritage sites.
【答案】56. D 57. C 58. B 59. E 60. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。气候剧变威胁着全球各地的历史文化遗址。拯救刻不容缓。
【56题详解】
根据前文“Experts say that climate change is likely to blame.”(专家说气候变化可能是罪魁祸首。)可知，此处是指应采取措施应对气候变化，根据后文“The Venetian council voted against a measure to fight climate change just a few moments before their chamber (会议厅) flooded.”(就在他们的会议厅被淹没的前几分钟，威尼斯议会投票反对一项应对气候变化的措施。)可知，实施应对气候变化的措施很困难，前后形成转折对应选项D中的转折词but。所以选项D“但事实证明，落实保护措施是困难的。”切合文意。故选D。
【57题详解】
根据前文“There is a threat that is not often considered.”(存在一种不常被考虑的威胁。)可知，选项C中的it是指一种不常被考虑的威胁，根据后文“Natural and man-made heritage sites throughout the world are in danger of being damaged or destroyed by climate change.”(全世界的自然和人造遗产都面临着被气候变化破坏的危险。)可知，这就是气候变化对世界遗产的破坏，所以选项C“这是气候变化对世界遗产的破坏。”切合文意。故选C。
【58题详解】
根据后文“Some will be hit by flooding, like Venice, others by extreme weather events or rising temperatures.”(一些会受到洪水的袭击，比如威尼斯，另一些则会受到极端天气或气温上升的影响。)可知，此处是讲气候变化影响世界遗产的方式有很多，所以选项B“气候变化将以不同的方式影响这些地点。”切合文意。故选B。
【59题详解】
根据前文“Changes in the ocean will have a profound impact on many of these sites.”(海洋的变化将对其中许多地点产生深远的影响。)可知，此处是讲海洋变化对世界遗产的影响，根据后文“And rising sea levels threaten to wash away many of the world’s great archaeological sites.”(海平面上升让世界上许多伟大的考古遗址面临被冲走的威胁。)可知，此处是举例说明，所以选项E“变暖的海水威胁着大堡礁的大部分珊瑚。”切合文意。故选E。
【60题详解】
根据前文“Experts say that the solutions to saving these sites will be varied, but many will be very expensive.”(专家们说，拯救这些地方的方法多种多样，但其中很多都非常昂贵。)可知，此处是指专家们认为拯救这些地方的方法费用昂贵，所以各个国家应该团结起来保护世界遗产，所以选项G“因此，他们建议各国应共同努力保护遗产地。”切合文意。故选G。
第II卷 非选择题部分 (共三节, 满分40分)
第一节 语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
This year’s winter has proven an important season for Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang province, as interest _____61_____ the icy destination greatly increased after social media posts showed many citizens from the _____62_____ (warm) south flooding into the snowy city. It _____63_____ (welcome) nearly 3.05 million visitors, taking in $832.39 million of tourism revenue (收入), during the three-day New Year holiday.
To facilitate the consumption of Harbin’s popular frozen pears, the city has even introduced frozen pear plates, making _____64_____ easier for tourists to enjoy the delicacy. Moreover, _____65_____ (attract) more tourists and improve overall services, Harbin has rolled out a _____66_____ (vary) of activities, including live performances on New Year’s Eve, firework displays, theme parks, intangible heritage culture shows and concerts. A series of _____67_____ (measure) have also been introduced to enhance the visitor experience in Harbin, covering areas such as dining, accommodation, travel, shopping and entertainment.
It is these careful and considerate details _____68_____ make sure that tourists feel warmly embraced, cared for and respected. Consequently, their positive experiences are _____69_____ (wide) shared on the internet, ______70______ (contribute) to Harbin’s “internet celebrity” city status.
【答案】61. in 62. warmer
63. welcomed
64. it 65. to attract
66. variety
67. measures
68. that 69. widely
70. contributing
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。 本文主要介绍了今冬哈尔滨旅游爆火的现象和原因。
【61题详解】
考查介词。句意：今年的冬天对黑龙江省省会哈尔滨来说是一个重要的季节，社交媒体上的帖子显示，许多来自温暖南方的市民涌入这座冰雪城市，人们对这个冰雪胜地的兴趣大大增加。interest in“对……的兴趣”是固定搭配，根据句意，故填in。
【62题详解】
考查形容词。句意：今年的冬天对黑龙江省省会哈尔滨来说是一个重要的季节，社交媒体上的帖子显示，许多来自温暖南方的市民涌入这座冰雪城市，人们对这个冰雪胜地的兴趣大大增加。修饰名词用形容词作定语，结合句意，此处表示比哈尔滨更温暖的南方，故用比较级，故填warmer。
【63题详解】
考查时态。句意：在为期三天的新年假期期间，它迎接了近3.05亿游客，获得了832.39万美元的旅游收入。根据时间状语“during the three-day New Year holiday”可知，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，故填welcomed。
【64题详解】
考查代词it。句意：为了方便人们食用哈尔滨的冰梨，该市甚至推出了冰梨餐盘，让游客更容易品尝到美味。分析句子可知，空处用形式宾语it，真正的宾语为不定式for tourists to enjoy the delicacy ，故填it。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，为了吸引更多的游客，提高整体服务水平，哈尔滨推出了各种各样的活动，包括除夕现场表演、烟花表演、主题公园、非遗文化表演和音乐会。分析句子可知，此处用不定式作目的状语，故填to attract。
【66题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：此外，为了吸引更多的游客，提高整体服务水平，哈尔滨推出了各种各样的活动，包括除夕现场表演、烟花表演、主题公园、非遗文化表演和音乐会。A variety of“各种各样的”，固定短语，根据句意，故填variety。
【67题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：哈尔滨还推出了一系列措施，以提升游客在餐饮、住宿、旅游、购物和娱乐等领域的体验。分析句子可知，作主语用名词，由a series of修饰用复数，故填measures。
68题详解】
考查强调句型。句意：正是这些细致入微的细节，让游客感受到热情的拥抱、关怀和尊重。分析句子可知，此处是强调句型，强调主语these careful and considerate details，故填that。
【69题详解】
考查副词。句意：因此，他们的积极经历在互联网上被广泛分享，为哈尔滨的“网红”城市地位做出了贡献。修饰动词shared用副词作状语，故填widely。
【70题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，他们的积极经历在互联网上被广泛分享，为哈尔滨的“网红”城市地位做出了贡献。分析句子可知，此处用非谓语动词作状语，表示自然而然的结果用现在分词作结果状语，动词contribute和前面句子的内容之间是主动关系。故填contributing。
第二节 单词填空 (共10小题;每小题1分, 满分10分)
根据已给出的首字母或中文，在空格中填入一个来自B2U1--B2U3的单词。
注意: 在答题卡的划线处应写上完整单词 (即包括首字母在内) 方可得分!
71. We were astonished that such a lazy man got ________(晋升，提拔). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】promoted
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们对这样一个懒惰的人得到提升感到惊讶。“晋升，提拔”为动词promote，在句中作表语，和主语man是被动关系，应用过去分词作表语，故填promoted。
72. Greatly ________ (鼓舞) by my English teacher, I decided to act as a voluntary teacher. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】inspired
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：在我的英语老师的启发下，我决定做一名义务教师。根据中文提示可知，表示“鼓舞”应用inspire，为动词，且分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语形式，I和inspire为被动关系，再由句意可知，这里应用过去分词作状语。故填inspired。
73. Cloning without restriction is a disaster, ________(威胁) the ecological balance. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】threatening
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：不受限制的克隆是一场灾难，威胁着生态平衡。根据汉语提示可知，threaten“威胁”，动词，和逻辑主语“Cloning without restriction”之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填threatening。
74. I teamed up with a local bookstore to ____________ (开展) an experiment about the difference between the online and offline shopping experience. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】conduct
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我与当地的一家书店合作去开展了一个有关线上与线下购物体验差异的实验。根据汉语提示“开展”以及前文to可知，设空处应填动词conduct与to一起构成不定式结构，在句中做目的状语。故填conduct。
75. The race was very __________(有益的) to the participants, both physically and mentally. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】beneficial
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这场比赛对参赛者的身心都非常有益。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为形容词beneficial“有益的”作表语，构成动词短语be beneficial to“对……有益”，满足句意要求。故填beneficial。
76. He is so f________ with Miss Anne that he even can recognize her on hearing her steps.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】familiar##amiliar
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他对安妮小姐非常熟悉，甚至一听到她的脚步声就能认出她来。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用形容词familiar，作表语。故填familiar。
77. Living in the country isn’t very c_________ because of the poor transportation. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】convenient##onvenient
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于交通不便，住在乡下不是很方便。句中用形容词作表语。根据首字母提示及句意，用形容词convenient，表示“方便的”之意。故填convenient。
78. The society was set up to preserve endangered s________ from extinction. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】species##pecies
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：该协会的成立是为了保护濒临灭绝的物种。根据首字母提示，结合句意，此处表达“物种”，作宾语，species物种，符合题意。故填species。
79. To protect our earth, we should live in h________ with our environment. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】harmony##armony
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：为了保护我们的地球，我们应该与我们的环境和谐相处。由“To protect our earth”可知，句子表示“为了保护我们的地球，我们应该与我们的环境和谐相处”，空格处意为“和谐”，由首字母提示h可知，是harmony，是不可数名词，live in harmony with意为“与……和谐相处”，故填harmony。
80. It’s of great significance for us to be a________ of the possible consequences. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】aware##ware
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：对我们来说，意识到可能的后果是很重要的。结合句意和首字母提示，用形容词aware作表语，构成短语be aware of...，意为“意识到……”。故填aware。
第三节 书面表达 (满分15分)
81. 假如你是李华，你们学校下周将举办首届茶文化交流节(the first Tea Culture Exchange Festival)，英国罗素中学 (Russell School) 的部分师生受邀来参加活动。你作为学生代表，将在为他们举办的欢迎会上发言，请你写一篇发言稿。要点如下：
1. 表示欢迎；
2. 介绍交流节的活动安排；
3. 邀请对方分享英国茶文化。
注意：1. 词数100左右：
2. 首句已给出，不计入总词数；
3. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Good evening, everyone!
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Good evening, everyone! On behalf of my school, I’d like to extend the warmest welcome to our dearest friends from Russell School. Thank you for traveling a long way to attend the first Tea Culture Exchange Festival, which will definitely promote the relations between our two schools.
Aiming to carry forward Chinese tea culture, a variety of activities are to be held. The festival will begin with a lecture about the long history of Chinese tea, from which you will gain a deep insight into tea cultivation and production. Next, what you can’t miss is a tea art performance, followed by an exhibition of different teacups, which I believe will be a visual feast for us.
We sincerely invite you to share the long and unique British tea culture with us, so that we can broaden the horizons and bridge the cultural gap. We do hope you can have fun here and find the trip meaningful. Thank you!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇发言稿，对下周要来参加学校举办的首届茶文化交流节的英国罗素中学的部分师生表示欢迎，介绍交流节的活动安排，邀请对方分享英国茶文化。
【详解】1.词汇积累
表达：extend→convey
促进：promote→facilitate
展览：exhibition→display
真诚地：sincerely→genuinely
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Aiming to carry forward Chinese tea culture, a variety of activities are to be held.
拓展句：A variety of activities are to be held, whose aim is to carry forward Chinese tea culture.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Thank you for traveling a long way to attend the first Tea Culture Exchange Festival, which will definitely promote the relations between our two schools. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] The festival will begin with a lecture about the long history of Chinese tea, from which you will gain a deep insight into tea cultivation and production. (运用了“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句)2023级高一第一学期期末考试英语科试卷
(本试卷分第I卷和第II卷两部分;满分150分;考试时间120分钟)
第I卷 选择题部分(满分110分)
第一部分 听力理解 (共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)
每段播放两遍。各段后有几个小题，各段播放前每小题有5秒钟的阅读时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
1. Why is Harry unwilling to join the woman
A. He has a pain in his knee. B. He wants to watch TV. C. He is too lazy.
2. What will the woman probably do next
A. Stay at home. B. Take Harry to hospital. C. Do some exercise.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
3. What was the woman doing when she saw the dolphins
A. Swimming. B. Diving. C. Sailing.
4. Why did the woman give up skydiving
A. The weather was bad. B. She felt quite tired. C. She got frightened.
5. What did the woman find most exciting
A. Hiking in the rainforest. B. Exploring the old caves. C. Climbing the mountains.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What day is it today
A. Wednesday. B. Thursday. C. Friday.
7. What has stopped the woman taking the table by the window
A. It’s already been reserved. B. It’s in the smoking area. C. It costs more.
8. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Try another restaurant. B. Choose an outdoor table. C. Make a reservation another day.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
9. What does the woman think of English
A. It is quite difficult to spell.
B. It is a stress-based language.
C. It is widely spoken in the world.
10. What’s the man’s problem while speaking English
A. He doesn’t have enough vocabulary.
B. He can’t pronounce exactly like a robot.
C. He can’t tell strong and weak forms.
11. What does the woman advise the man to do
A. Listen to music. B. See English films. C. Stress words clearly.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
12. What did researchers study in two tests
A. The way of seagulls’ stealing food.
B. The effects of staring at seagulls.
C. The different food thieves.
13. What did one fourth of birds do with eye contact in the test
A. They flew away immediately.
B. They stood still and looked at the food.
C. They made an attempt to steal food.
14. What did Madeleine think of seagulls
A. They snatched food violently.
B. They stole food secretly.
C. They attacked people aggressively.
15. How do people stop seagulls stealing food effectively
A. By feeding them first. B. By setting a big trap. C. By staring at them.
第二部分 语言知识运用 (共两节, 满分45分)
第一节 单项填空 (共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
16 He made a proposal that the problems _______ paid special attention to.
A. referring to being B. referred to being C. referring to be D. referred to be
17. Gradually, my passion for science fiction books ______, for it was hard for me to _____ myself in them.
A. died away; bury B. died out; apply C. died down; bury D. died off; apply
18. _______ with the other candidates, Lucy was more equal ________ this position.
A. Comparing; to B. Compared; to C. Comparing; in D. Compared; in
19. Only _______ as an interpreter _______ how important it is to grasp English.
A. when did I work; I realized
B. when I worked; I realized
C. when did I work; did I realize
D. when I worked; did I realize
20. Although the causes of cancer _____________we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it.
A. are being uncovered B. have been uncovering
C. are uncovering D. have uncovered
21. Frank, rather than his two sisters, _______ London next morning by train which _______ at 8:30.
A. is leaving for; will leave B. are leaving for; leaves
C. is leaving for; leaves D. will leave for; is leaving
22. That was the very reason _______ Mac gave me the other day.
A. why B. that C. which D. what
23. I will never forget the day _______ I first went into the senior high school _______ was greater than I could expect.
A. when; which B. that; which C. which; where D. when; as
24. In August, radioactive wastewater from Japan was released into the Pacific Ocean, _______ effects people are still suffering.
A. from which B. in which C. from whose D. in whose
25. Because of the limited time, we will start at the point _______ we left off yesterday.
A. which B. where C. as D. when
第二节 完形填空 (共15小题;每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其段落大意,然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
No one is born a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own ____26____.
I learned this lesson from an experience many years ago. I took the head ____27____ job at a school in Baxley, Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program.
It was a tradition for the school’s old team to play against the ____28____ team at the end of spring practice. The old team had no coach, and they didn’t even practice to ____29____ the game. Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated. I couldn’t ___30___ I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it, I came to ____31____ that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia, but they were depending on me. I had to change my ____32____ towards their ability and potential.
I started doing anything I could to help them build a little ____33____. Most importantly, I began to treat them like ____34____. That summer, when the other teams enjoyed their vacations, we met every day and practiced passing and ____35____ the football.
Six months after suffering our defeat on the spring practice field, we won our first game and our second, and continued to ____36____. Finally, we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a ____37____ for us even if we lost the game. But that wasn’t what happened. My boys beat the best team in Georgia, giving me one of the greatest ____38____ of my life!
From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can affect the members of a team. Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and ____39____ them. I helped them to see themselves ____40____, and they built themselves into winners.
Winners are made, not born.
26. A. luck B. tests C. efforts D. nature
27. A. operating B. editing C. consulting D. coaching
28. A. successful B. excellent C. strong D. new
29. A. search for B. prepare for C. help with D. finish with
30 A. believe B. agree C. describe D. identify
31. A. realize B. forgive C. comment D. demand
32. A. decision B. attitude C. conclusion D. intention
33. A. pride B. wisdom C. fortune D. pressure
34. A. leaders B. partners C. champions D. learners
35. A. exchanging B. delivering C. clicking D. kicking
36. A. recover B. improve C. expand D. defend
37. A. shame B. burden C. victory D. favor
38. A. events B. thrills C. concerns D. offers
39. A. encouraged B. observed C. protected D. impressed
40. A. honestly B. individually C. calmly D. differently
第三部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题, 每小题2.5分, 共37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
China is a country well worth visiting. The following tips may make your trip to China pleasant and satisfactory.
Which cities are preferable for tourists to visit on their first trip to China
What you see depends on how long you can stay in China. Generally speaking, tourists should first visit cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Xi’an.
Beijing is a political and cultural centre that offers great scenic attractions like the Forbidden City and the Summer Palace. Besides, foods such as Beijing roast duck and instant-boiled mutton have proved popular with tourists.
Shanghai, a shopping centre for best buys, is the largest city in China. Tourists will be satisfied with what the city supplies, from various snacks and cakes to handicrafts and textiles. Neighbouring Suzhou and Hangzhou are considered by Chinese to be “paradise on Earth”.
Xi’an, the starting point of the ancient Silk Road, was the capital of many dynasties in the Chinese history. The city is rich in tourism resources such as Great Wild Goose Pagoda and the Huaqing Hot Springs.
When is the best time for the trip
China is a vast land with great contrasts in landscape and climate. Consequently, tourists may pay a visit anytime. Spring and autumn are supposed to be the best times to tour cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Xi’an.
If you dislike the cold, you can visit Kunming in south China, which is known for its year-round spring weather. A closer look takes you to the Stone Forest and the Dianchi Lake. If you rarely have a chance to see snow, Harbin is a best choice in January and February.
What is well worth purchasing in China
China has won a worldwide reputation for handicrafts, silk, porcelain and textiles, all more reasonably priced and of greater variety than elsewhere in the world. Unique local creations are available in their own cities. If tourists are not able to reach these cities, most of these products can be purchased in the Friendship stores in big cities.
If you buy antique objects, be sure to get your receipts and an identification seal before you go through the Chinese customs.
41. Where is the passage most likely taken from
A. A textbook. B. A report. C. A magazine. D. An advertisement.
42. Compared with the cities in north China, in what aspect is Kunming unique
A. Mild climate. B. Delicious food. C. Breathtaking scenery. D. Magnificent architecture.
43. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs
A. In China tourists can buy silk at a lower price than elsewhere in the world.
B. Tourists have no alternative but to buy the souvenirs where they are made.
C. The unique products are bound to be bought in big cities’ Friendship stores.
D. Tourists must prove the purchase of ancient paintings is through legal means.
B
Banff National Park is home to an amazing wildlife population. But the busy Trans Canada Highway that cuts through the park is a hazard to the lovely animals. To address the problem, Banff first put up wildlife fencing on either side of the highway to discourage animals from entering the busy road. Then, since 1996, they’ve opened six wildlife overpasses and 38 underpasses to help the animals cross the highway in safety.
I was fortunate to visit Banff’s Red Earth Overpass with Trevor Kinley, the project manager with Parks Canada. He told me that so far, they have documented 10, 000 safe animal crossings on this overpass alone. “Some animals have learned how to use the crossings much more quickly than others. Black bears are the fastest learners, followed by deer. Wolves and lions take the longest to work out how to use them,” Kinley said, laughing. “But those animals that are slower to adapt are usually more capable and determined at figuring out the safest way to cross those overpasses and underpasses.”
There is some criticism (批评) that channeling so much wildlife into a few bridges and tunnels is like making a trap for the animals, offering big animals an easy meal on either side. “But research has shown that this is not the case,” Kinley assured me. “There are no more killings around the crossings than there are anywhere else in the park.”
Walking over the Trans Canada and then walking underneath through one of the tunnels, I was amazed to see the fresh tracks of black bears, wolves, deer and many kinds of smaller animals. Somehow, all these animal footprints made me so delighted, knowing that all this wildlife was passing safely under and over the longest road in Canada.
Hopefully, the success of the wildlife crossings in Banff will continue to inspire similar solutions around the world, where human pressure on wildlife continues to grow.
44. Which of the following best explains “hazard” underlined in paragraph 1
A. Shelter. B. Habitat. C. Access. D. Danger.
45. What does Trevor Kinley say about those wolves and lions
A. They are stupid animals. B. They are cautious learners.
C. They are very dangerous. D. They are good at adapting.
46 What are the critics worried about
A. There are too many bridges and tunnels. B. More killings might happen at the crossings.
C. Many animals will be trapped in the crossings. D. Illegal hunting might happen in the park.
47. What’s the author’s attitude towards those overpasses and underpasses
A. Concerned. B. Indifferent. C. Supportive. D. Skeptical.
C
If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language
According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter density (灰质密度). This is the area of the brain which processes (加工) information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles. The study also found the younger people learn a second language, the greater the effect is.
A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, from University College London (UCL), took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.
Scans showed that grey matter density in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference was.
“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language” said the scientists. It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.
Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. “Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible.” he said. “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”
The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learnt English as a second language between the ages of two and thirty-four. Reading, writing, and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world,” explained the scientists.
48. Why does the writer mention “exercise” in the second paragraph
A. To make people believe language learning is helpful for their health.
B. To suggest language learning is also a kind of physical labor.
C. To prove that one needs more resources when he/she is learning a language.
D. To tell us that learning a language can train your brain effectively.
49. What can we know from the scientific findings
A. The ability of learning a second language is changing all the time.
B. The earlier you start to learn a second language, the higher the grey matter density is.
C. The experience of learning a second language has a bad effect on brain.
D. There is no difference between a later second language learner and one without a second language.
50. In the last two paragraphs, the author tries to tell us that ________.
A. early learning of a second language helps in studying other subjects
B. learning a second language is the same as studying maths
C. Italian is the best choice for you as a second language
D. you’d better choose the ages between 2 and 34 to learn a second language
51. What is mainly talked about in this passage
A. Language learning is closely connected with maths study.
B. Man has a great ability of learning a second language.
C. Studying a foreign language can improve man’s ability to think.
D. The study done by the researchers from UCL is failed finally.
D
Imagine you can open your fridge, open an app on your phone and immediately know which items will go bad soon. This is one of the applications that a new technology developed by engineers at the University of California San Diego would enable.
The technology combines a chip (芯片) integrated into product packaging and a software update on your phone. The phone becomes capable of identifying objects based on signals the chip sends out from specific frequencies, in this case Bluetooth or WiFi. In an industrial setting, a smartphone equipped with the software update could be used as a radio frequency identification (RFID) reader.
The work uses breakthroughs in backscatter (反向散射) communication, which uses signals already generated by your smartphone and re-directs them back in a format your phone can understand. Effectively, this technique uses less power than the latest technology to generate WiFi signals.
The custom chip, which is roughly the size of a grain of sand and costs only a few pennies to produce, needs so little power that it can be entirely powered by LTE signals, a technique for wireless broadband communication for mobile devices. The chip turns Bluetooth signals into WiFi signals, which can in turn be detected by a smartphone with that specific software update.
The technology’s broader promise is the development of devices that do not need batteries because they can harvest power from LTE signals instead. This in turn would lead to devices that are significantly less expensive that last longer, said Dinesh Bharadia, one of the paper’s senior authors.
“E-waste, especially batteries, is one of the biggest problems the planet is facing, after climate change,” Bharadia said.
For future research, the team will integrate this technology into other projects to demonstrate its capabilities, and they also hope to commercialize it, either through a startup or through an industry partner.
52. How does the chip interact with the phone
A. By providing power for the phone. B. By producing LTE signals for the phone.
C. By giving Bluetooth signals to the phone. D. By sending WiFi signals back to the phone.
53. What is the potential of the technology according to Bharadia
A. Reducing e-waste. B. Making batteries cheap.
C. Supplying power to LTE signals. D. Decreasing the cost of LTE signals.
54. What will the team do in the future
A. Invest in new technologies. B. Bring the technology to market.
C. Improve the quality of the device. D. Commercialize more research projects.
55. Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. New technology turns smartphones into RFID readers
B. Smartphones need to be equipped with soft updates
C. RFID readers obtain new chips and have new functions
D. Backscatter communication makes the best of smartphones
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Venice is suffering the worst flooding the city has experienced in 50 years. The city is “on its knees” and Venetian Mayor Luigi Brugnaro tweeted as water submerged (淹没) much of the famous historical city.
While floods are a normal part of life in Venice, they have never happened with such frequency before. Experts say that climate change is likely to blame. ____56____ The Venetian council voted against a measure to fight climate change just a few moments before their chamber (会议厅) flooded.
Flooding is just one of the many impacts from climate change that is being experienced with more frequency and globally threatens many vulnerable (脆弱的) areas and regions. There is a threat that is not often considered. ____57____ Natural and man-made heritage sites throughout the world are in danger of being damaged or destroyed by climate change.
____58____ Some will be hit by flooding, like Venice, others by extreme weather events or rising temperatures. For instance, George Town, the capital of the Malaysian state Penang faces rising sea levels, landslides and more severe typhoons, while Yellowstone ecosystem in the western United States faces melting snows, more frequent wildfires and a changing ecosystem.
Changes in the ocean will have a profound impact on many of these sites. ____59____ And rising sea levels threaten to wash away many of the world’s great archaeological sites.
Experts say that the solutions to saving these sites will be varied, but many will be very expensive. ____60____
A. Different ways can be used to save these sites.
B. Climate change will impact these sites in different ways.
C. It is the damage from climate change to the world’s heritage.
D. But putting in place protective measures has proven difficult.
E. Warming water threatens to kill much of the coral in the Great Barrier Reef.
F. Many heritage sites on land are facing the great threat posed by global warming.
G. Therefore, they suggest that countries should work together to protect heritage sites.
第II卷 非选择题部分 (共三节, 满分40分)
第一节 语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
This year’s winter has proven an important season for Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang province, as interest _____61_____ the icy destination greatly increased after social media posts showed many citizens from the _____62_____ (warm) south flooding into the snowy city. It _____63_____ (welcome) nearly 3.05 million visitors, taking in $832.39 million of tourism revenue (收入), during the three-day New Year holiday.
To facilitate the consumption of Harbin’s popular frozen pears, the city has even introduced frozen pear plates, making _____64_____ easier for tourists to enjoy the delicacy. Moreover, _____65_____ (attract) more tourists and improve overall services, Harbin has rolled out a _____66_____ (vary) of activities, including live performances on New Year’s Eve, firework displays, theme parks, intangible heritage culture shows and concerts. A series of _____67_____ (measure) have also been introduced to enhance the visitor experience in Harbin, covering areas such as dining, accommodation, travel, shopping and entertainment.
It is these careful and considerate details _____68_____ make sure that tourists feel warmly embraced, cared for and respected. Consequently, their positive experiences are _____69_____ (wide) shared on the internet, ______70______ (contribute) to Harbin’s “internet celebrity” city status.
第二节 单词填空 (共10小题;每小题1分, 满分10分)
根据已给出的首字母或中文，在空格中填入一个来自B2U1--B2U3的单词。
注意: 在答题卡的划线处应写上完整单词 (即包括首字母在内) 方可得分!
71. We were astonished that such a lazy man got ________(晋升，提拔). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
72. Greatly ________ (鼓舞) by my English teacher, I decided to act as a voluntary teacher. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
73. Cloning without restriction is a disaster, ________(威胁) the ecological balance. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
74. I teamed up with a local bookstore to ____________ (开展) an experiment about the difference between the online and offline shopping experience. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
75. The race was very __________(有益的) to the participants, both physically and mentally. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
76. He is so f________ with Miss Anne that he even can recognize her on hearing her steps.(根据首字母单词拼写)
77. Living in the country isn’t very c_________ because of the poor transportation. (根据首字母单词拼写)
78. The society was set up to preserve endangered s________ from extinction. （根据首字母单词拼写）
79. To protect our earth, we should live in h________ with our environment. (根据首字母单词拼写)
80. It’s of great significance for us to be a________ of the possible consequences. (根据首字母单词拼写)
第三节 书面表达 (满分15分)
81. 假如你是李华，你们学校下周将举办首届茶文化交流节(the first Tea Culture Exchange Festival)，英国罗素中学 (Russell School) 的部分师生受邀来参加活动。你作为学生代表，将在为他们举办的欢迎会上发言，请你写一篇发言稿。要点如下：
1. 表示欢迎；
2. 介绍交流节的活动安排；
3. 邀请对方分享英国茶文化。
注意：1. 词数100左右：
2. 首句已给出，不计入总词数；
3. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Good evening, everyone!
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