柳州市高中2023级12月联考试题
高一英语
(考试时间120分钟 满分150分)
注意：1. 请把答案填写在答题卡上，否则答题无效。
2. 答卷前，考生务必将密封线内的项目填写清楚，密封线内不要答题。
3. 选择题，请用2B铅笔，把答题卡上对应题目选项的信息点涂黑。非选择题，请用0.5mm黑色字迹签字笔在答题卡指定位置作答。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the woman do tonight
A. Work out in the gym. B. Run with a friend. C. Walk in the park.
2. What does the woman think of the fish
A. Great. B. Average. C. Terrible.
3. When will the woman leave for the airport
A. At 10:00 am. B. At 7:30 am. C. At 7:00 am.
4. Why has the man been coming home late recently
A. He has been helping John with his study.
B. He has been visiting John in the hospital.
C. He has been working on his homework at school.
5. What are the speakers talking about
A. A video. B. A singer. C. The Internet.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why doesn’t the girl want to walk to Mary’s house
A. She’s late. B. She’s tired. C. She’s studying.
7. What will the man do later this afternoon
A. Go to work. B. Pick up the girl. C. Take some exercise.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a school. B. In the woman’s office. C. In the man’s company.
9. What does the woman’s company mainly sell
A. Formal clothing. B. Factory machines. C. Sports equipment.
听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。
10. What does the woman want to do
A. Design a car. B. Study physics. C. Start a company.
11. How many drawings has the woman done in total
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
12 Where is the woman going
A. The classroom. B. The dining hall. C. The library.
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Co-workers. B. Classmates. C. Father and daughter.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What did the woman do tonight
A. She acted in a play. B. She watched a movie. C. She interviewed an actress.
15. How did the woman feel at the beginning
A. Confident. B. Excited. C. Anxious.
16. Who does the woman think helped her calm down during her performance
A. Her friends. B. The director. C. All the other actors.
17. Where does the man suggest they meet
A. At the taxi stop. B. At the front of the theater. C. Outside the changing room.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Where will the party be held
A. In the main building. B. At the student center. C. At the music hall.
19. What is the deadline to sign up for the English speech contest
A. August 8th. B. August 10th. C. August 20th.
20. Who will receive prizes in the English speech contest
A. The exchange students. B. All the competitors. C. The top five winners.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
China’s famous museums include ancient buildings and world class modern museums with big collections. They are excellent places for sightseeing and learning about China.
Sanxingdui Museum
The museum is on the path less beaten by tourists, but it makes one of the top museums for the 3,400-year-old artworks. If you’re an ancient history fan, this place will attract you. If you love art, its style will surprise you a lot.
The Palace Museum
The museum is one of the largest old buildings kept in the country with a history of 600 years old. Built at the beginning of the Ming Dynasty between 1406 and 1420, it was the home of 24 rulers and their courts. It is one of the finest buildings in China and a good place to study Chinese history.
The Shanghai Museum
The big modern museum is popular with foreign tourists. It is probably the most modern museum with the focus on creative art displays about the history of the whole area. Located in People’s Square, the museum is most famous for its huge collection of china.
The Shaanxi History Museum
Since 14 historical dynasties founded their capitals and developed in Shaanxi Province, the museum may have the oldest treasure of all the museums in China. The artworks show the greatness of the museum, and the displays are modern and well laid out.
1. What do we know about the Palace Museum
A. The museum is one of the oldest buildings in China.
B. The museum was built at the end of the Ming Dynasty.
C The museum was the home of 26 rulers and their courts.
D. The museum is a good place to learn Chinese history.
2. Which museum is located in People’s Square
A. Sanxingdui Museum. B. The Palace Museum.
C. The Shanghai Museum. D. The Shaanxi History Museum.
3. Who will be interested in this passage
A. A person who is fond of music. B. A person who is into Chinese culture.
C. A person who has passion for movies. D. A person who is interested in sports.
B
A very dangerous situation happened in California last week. More than 12 wildfires broke out in the state. Most of them began on September 8, in Northern California. They grew rapidly. The fires were made bigger by winds of up to 50 miles per hour and dry air in the area.
At least 20 people have been killed, the state government said. About 200 have been injured. At least 3,500 homes and businesses have been destroyed. About 50,000 people have been required to evacuate. Many left in a hurry, without time to take their personal things. “All the good stuff (东西)—I’m never going to see it again,” Jeff Okrepkie said. He escaped from his Santa Rosa home. It was destroyed soon after he left.
The fires burned through eight counties (郡). These include Sonoma and Napa, which are important to California’s economy. They are home to many of the state’s vineyards (葡萄园) and wineries (酿酒厂). In 2021, California’s wineries made more than $90 billion.
September is when wildfires usually produce the most ruins in California. But it is unusual for so many fires to start at once. Up to now, the government has not given a cause for any of the fires, many of which were still burning.
(News from VOA September 13,2022)
4. Why did the fires grow quickly
A. Most of the fires began in September. B. 12 fires happened at the same time.
C. The state government didn’t react quickly enough. D. High-speed wind and dry air fueled the fires.
5. How many people had been injured in the fires
A. 50,000. B. 3,500. C. 200. D. 20.
6. What is the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph 2
A. Leave home. B. Go home. C. Return home. D. Arrive home.
7. What’s the best title for the news
A. Escape from California’s Wildfires B. Wildfires Attacking California
C. Vineyards Ruined in California’s Wildfires D. Causes of California’s Wildfires
C
Growing up I understood one thing about my dad: he knew everything. In my teen years, he taught me things I’d need to know to survive in the real world. When I moved out on my own, I also called him at least once a week. But then, eventually, I needed him less. I got married, and my husband had most of the knowledge I lacked about gutter cleaning and water heaters. For everything else, we had Google. I loved my dad, of course, but I wondered at times if maybe he had already shared everything I needed to know. Maybe I’d heard all his stories. Maybe, after knowing a man for 40 years, there was nothing left to say.
Then, this past summer, my husband, our four kids and I moved in with my parents for three weeks while our house was being repaired. They own a lake house, and dad asked me to help him rebuild the bulkhead (隔板). I didn’t refuse—it was the least I could do for free rent—but I was afraid of it. It was hard, manual (体力) labor.
But as we put the new bulkhead together piece by piece, my dad knew exactly what went where. I looked at him and asked, “How do you know how to build a bulkhead ” The heavy mallet (木槌) he was moving backward and forward paused in mid-air. “I spent a summer in college building bulkheads on the Jersey Shoro.” “You did ” I thought I knew everything about my dad - all his jobs and interests. But I never knew this.
As he explained the importance and the steps of rebuilding, I realized that maybe it’s not that there’s nothing left to say. Maybe it’s just that I’ve spent my life asking him the wrong questions.
8. What can we know about the author from paragraph 1
A. She knew nothing about her father.
B. Her husband helped her deal with everything.
C. She lives a more independent life away from her father now.
D. She could solve most problems with the help of Google when she was young.
9. Why did the author help her father rebuild the bulkhead
A. She liked the repairing work. B. Her husband asked her to do that.
C. She wanted to learn some repairing skills. D. She wanted to make up for free rent.
10. Which of the following can best describe the author’s father
A. Devoted. B. Serious. C. Knowledgeable. D. Courageous.
11. Why did the author ask two questions to her father in the article
A. Because she didn’t know how to rebuild a bulkhead.
B. Because she realized she didn’t know her father enough.
C. Because she thought her father had taught her everything.
D. Because there was nothing else to say between her and her father.
D
Chile is famous for its many attractions. If you’re planning a visit, be sure to add “Mano del Desierto” or “Hand of the Desert” to your must-see list.
Standing 11 meters tall and made of iron and cement (水泥), this sculpture of a hand emerges from the sand in the Atacama Desert, which is known as the driest desert in the world outside of polar regions. The sculpture was created by Mario Irarrazabal in the early 1980s and was financed by a local nonprofit organization. The sculpture is not only impressive in terms of its design but also in the message it expresses. Many people believe that the hand represents the weakness and helplessness of human beings, as well as their strength and determination to overcome hardships. It is a reflection on the human condition and our relationship with nature.
If you’re interested in visiting the Hand of the Desert, take Route 26 or 28 from Antofagasta, a port city in northern Chile. The sculpture is located between mile markers 1309 and 1310 and can be reached from either direction. The desert’s flatness makes it easy to spot the sculpture from far away.
Visitors should take precautions (预防措施) before leaving, such as filling their gas tanks, packing plenty of water, and wearing sunscreen. They should also avoid driving too quickly, as many car accidents occur in the desert each year.
For those who are nervous about driving alone, working with an agency like Plan South America is a good choice. The founder of the agency, Harry Hastings, said that he always tries to join a visit to the sculpture with guests traveling to the desert, calling it an “important landmark” that is both culturally and visually significant.
12. What makes the Hand of the Desert a famous attraction
A. Its height and material. B. Its location and. designer.
C. Its building time and local support. D. Its design and meaning.
13. What can we know about from paragraph 3
A. The sculpture can be reached very easily.
B. The sculpture can be seen from far away.
C. The sculpture is protected by the government.
D. The sculpture attracts millions of visitors every year.
14. What can we infer about Harry Hastings
A. He built the sculpture “Hand of the Desert”.
B. He gave the financial support to the sculpture.
C He speaks highly of the sculpture.
D. He likes driving alone to visit the sculpture.
15. Where can the passage probably be taken from
A. A science fiction. B. A magazine. C. A fairy tale. D. A book review.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The words you use say a lot about you. Knowing which word to use and understanding how to use them are both key to communicating effectively and accurately. People often say in disappointment, “___16___” If the right words aren’t there, the right ideas can’t get through. Your vocabulary is the foundation of your ability to share your thoughts with other people. When you improve your vocabulary, you will improve the ability to express your ideas.
___17___ Saying this, they usually mean that he or she uses a lot of important-sounding words - words like jactitation, demulcent, and saxicolous. But a vocabulary consisting of words like these isn’t necessarily a “good” vocabulary. Why Because almost no one knows what jactitation, demulcent, and saxicolous mean. ___18___ Chances are that no one listening to you would know what you were talking about. Big, difficult words have important uses, but improving a vocabulary involves much more than merely decorating your writing with a few big words.
___19___ You speak and write in order to make yourselves understood. A good vocabulary is one that makes communication easy and efficient. One mark of an effective speaker or writer is his or her ability to express complex ideas with relatively simple words.
The best way to improve your vocabulary isn’t to look through a handful of unfamiliar big words. ___20___
A. Learning new words isn’t that hard.
B. I know what I mean, but I don’t know how to say it.
C. If you use these words in conversation, what will happen
D. Sometimes people say that someone has a good vocabulary.
E. The goal of communication is to express your ideas clearly.
F. Speaking or writing well doesn’t require a good vocabulary.
G. Instead, you need to master the words often used in communication.
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As China’s first ever full-time Formula One (世界一级方程式锦标赛) driver, Zhou Guanyu makes a living by doing the sort of things many people can only dream about: traveling the world and racing in a fast car.
“I think the only ___21___ between Formula One and a roller coaster is that you have to be ___22___ where you’re going, and you have to be at 100% of yourself,” Zhou told CNN.
Zhou has been putting his all into ___23___ since he was a young boy ___24___ in Shanghai. Today, Zhou is predicted to become F1’s answer to Yao Ming, who is often praised for making basketball ___25___ in China.
It was back in Shanghai in 2004 that-at just 5 years old-Zhou ___26___ Rubens Barrichello win the first ever Chinese Grand Prix on TV. The moment helped to ___27___ his interest in racing and has ___28___ with him ever since, he said.
There was a ___29___ of Chinese racing role models, so he ___30___ a path of his own. A very important moment in his racing life came at age 12, when he ___31___ Shanghai for Sheffield in the United Kingdom to ___32___ his development with the strawberry Racing Krting team. The move put him on the road to achieving his ambitions.
Zhou is often ___33___ to the former NBA player Yao Ming, who is also a sport star from Shanghai. “Who knows, maybe in 10 years’ time. I could have the same ___34___. And that is my aim ___35___,” he said.
21. A. problem B. difference C. difficulty D. importance
22. A. guessing B. controlling C. proving D. declaring
23. A. reading B. playing C. driving D. swimming
24. A. growing up B. getting up C. going up D. staying up
25. A. simple B. interesting C. available D. popular
26. A. watched B. followed C. researched D. examined
27. A. lose B. stress C. develop D. measure
28. A. stayed B. dealt C. fought D. taken
29. A. way B. lack C. role D. loss
30. A. received B. imagined C. composed D. created
31. A. reached B. chose C. left D. forgot
32 A. continue B. discover C. consider D. manage
33. A. matched B. compared C. adapted D. devoted
34. A. career B. hobby C. influence D. result
35. A. normally B. naturally C. regularly D. definitely
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
语法填空
For many years, human beings have been trying to conquer nature, but never succeeded. What’s worse, nature has got angry. It often shows ___36___ (it) power and teaches human beings different lessons in various ___37___ (way), such as earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, sandstorms, typhoons, droughts, landslides, tornadoes, and volcanoes. Any of them can cause terrible disasters. For example, on March 11, 2011, ___38___ huge earthquake struck Japan, ___39___ (cause) a terrible tsunami. Many cars, ships and buildings ___40___ (ruin) by a ten-metre-high wall of water. Thousands of people were confirmed dead. The total energy released by the quake was equivalent to the explosion of 6.7 trillion tons of TNT, ___41___ is about a thousand times the total power of all the world’s nuclear weapons. Another event was the “huge volcanic eruption in Iceland” in 2010. It caused enormous damage to air travel across western and northern Europe because ___42___ the large quantities of volcanic ash. All of these show how ___43___ (power) nature is.
Compared with the great power of nature, human beings are so weak and even so helpless in face of the destruction caused by natural disasters. It would be unwise of us ___44___ (fight) against or even try to conquer nature. On the contrary, we should try to learn how to live with nature ___45___ (peaceful).
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 将语篇中的中文句子翻译成英文(共5小题，每题3分，满分15分)
将语篇中的中文句子翻译成英文
One day a man was asked to paint a boat by the owner of the boat. He brought with him paint and brushes and began to paint the boat bright red, as the owner asked him. While painting the boat, he saw a hole in the boat. He repaired it at once. ___46___ (完成刷漆后，他拿了钱便离开了。)
The next day, the owner of the boat came to the painter’s house and presented him with a nice check, much higher than the payment of painting. ___47___ (油漆匠感到非常惊讶。) “You’ve already paid me for painting the boat!” he said.
“But this is not for the paint job. It’s for having repaired the hole in the boat,” the owner said.
“But it was such a small service. Certainly it is not worth paying me such a high amount for something so unimportant!”
“My dear friend, you do not understand. ___48___ (现在让我告诉你发生了什么。) When I asked you to paint the boat, I forgot to mention the hole. When the boat dried, my kids took the boat and went on a fishing trip. They did not know that there was a hole in the boat. I was not at home at that time. When I returned and noticed they had taken the boat, I was hopeless because I remembered that the boat had a hole. ___49___ (然而，让我欣喜的是，他们竟然安全回家了!) It was really unbelievable!
“___50___ (我立刻检查了这艘船，发现你已经修补了那个洞!) You see, now, what you did You saved my children! I do not have enough money to pay your ‘small’ good deed.”
So, no matter where, when or how, just carefully repair all the ‘holes’ you find.
参考词汇：finish doing; be surprised; let sb do sth; to one’s joy; immediately
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
51. 假定你是李华。在你校学习的美国交换生Peter打算参加一个学生社团，故征询你的建议。请你给他回封邮件，内容包括：
1. 推荐的社团；
2. 推荐的理由；
3. 建议他提前做好哪些准备。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
听力：1－5 BACAA 6－10 ABBCA 11－15 CCBAC 16－20CBCBC柳州市高中2023级12月联考试题
高一英语
(考试时间120分钟 满分150分)
注意：1. 请把答案填写在答题卡上，否则答题无效。
2. 答卷前，考生务必将密封线内的项目填写清楚，密封线内不要答题。
3. 选择题，请用2B铅笔，把答题卡上对应题目选项的信息点涂黑。非选择题，请用0.5mm黑色字迹签字笔在答题卡指定位置作答。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the woman do tonight
A Work out in the gym. B. Run with a friend. C. Walk in the park.
2. What does the woman think of the fish
A. Great. B. Average. C. Terrible.
3. When will the woman leave for the airport
A. At 10:00 am. B. At 7:30 am. C. At 7:00 am.
4. Why has the man been coming home late recently
A. He has been helping John with his study.
B. He has been visiting John in the hospital.
C. He has been working on his homework at school.
5. What are the speakers talking about
A. A video. B. A singer. C. The Internet.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why doesn’t the girl want to walk to Mary’s house
A. She’s late. B. She’s tired. C. She’s studying.
7. What will the man do later this afternoon
A. Go to work. B. Pick up the girl. C. Take some exercise.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a school. B. In the woman’s office. C. In the man’s company.
9. What does the woman’s company mainly sell
A. Formal clothing. B. Factory machines. C. Sports equipment.
听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。
10. What does the woman want to do
A. Design a car. B. Study physics. C. Start a company.
11. How many drawings has the woman done in total
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
12. Where is the woman going
A. The classroom. B. The dining hall. C. The library.
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Co-workers. B. Classmates. C. Father and daughter.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What did the woman do tonight
A. She acted in a play. B. She watched a movie. C. She interviewed an actress.
15. How did the woman feel at the beginning
A. Confident. B. Excited. C. Anxious.
16. Who does the woman think helped her calm down during her performance
A. Her friends. B. The director. C. All the other actors.
17. Where does the man suggest they meet
A. At the taxi stop. B. At the front of the theater. C. Outside the changing room.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Where will the party be held
A. In the main building. B. At the student center. C. At the music hall.
19. What is the deadline to sign up for the English speech contest
A. August 8th. B. August 10th. C. August 20th.
20. Who will receive prizes in the English speech contest
A. The exchange students. B. All the competitors. C. The top five winners.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
China’s famous museums include ancient buildings and world class modern museums with big collections. They are excellent places for sightseeing and learning about China.
Sanxingdui Museum
The museum is on the path less beaten by tourists, but it makes one of the top museums for the 3,400-year-old artworks. If you’re an ancient history fan, this place will attract you. If you love art, its style will surprise you a lot.
The Palace Museum
The museum is one of the largest old buildings kept in the country with a history of 600 years old. Built at the beginning of the Ming Dynasty between 1406 and 1420, it was the home of 24 rulers and their courts. It is one of the finest buildings in China and a good place to study Chinese history.
The Shanghai Museum
The big modern museum is popular with foreign tourists. It is probably the most modern museum with the focus on creative art displays about the history of the whole area. Located in People’s Square, the museum is most famous for its huge collection of china.
The Shaanxi History Museum
Since 14 historical dynasties founded their capitals and developed in Shaanxi Province, the museum may have the oldest treasure of all the museums in China. The artworks show the greatness of the museum, and the displays are modern and well laid out.
1. What do we know about the Palace Museum
A. The museum is one of the oldest buildings in China.
B. The museum was built at the end of the Ming Dynasty.
C. The museum was the home of 26 rulers and their courts.
D. The museum is a good place to learn Chinese history.
2. Which museum is located in People’s Square
A. Sanxingdui Museum. B. The Palace Museum.
C. The Shanghai Museum. D. The Shaanxi History Museum.
3. Who will be interested in this passage
A. A person who is fond of music. B. A person who is into Chinese culture.
C. A person who has passion for movies. D. A person who is interested in sports.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍中国4个著名的博物馆。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Palace Museum部分“It is one of the finest buildings in China and a good place to study Chinese history. (它是中国最好的建筑之一，也是研究中国历史的好地方。)”可知，故宫博物馆是研究中国历史的好地方。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Shanghai Museum部分“Located in People’s Square, the museum is most famous for its huge collection of china. (博物馆位于人民广场，以其收藏的大量中国藏品而闻名。)”可知，上海博物馆位于人民广场。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“China’s famous museums include ancient buildings and world class modern museums with big collections. They are excellent places for sightseeing and learning about China. (中国著名的博物馆包括古代建筑和收藏量巨大的世界级现代博物馆。它们是游览和了解中国的好地方。)”可知，喜欢中国建筑文化和收藏的人会对这篇文章感兴趣。故选B。
B
A very dangerous situation happened in California last week. More than 12 wildfires broke out in the state. Most of them began on September 8, in Northern California. They grew rapidly. The fires were made bigger by winds of up to 50 miles per hour and dry air in the area.
At least 20 people have been killed, the state government said. About 200 have been injured. At least 3,500 homes and businesses have been destroyed. About 50,000 people have been required to evacuate. Many left in a hurry, without time to take their personal things. “All the good stuff (东西)—I’m never going to see it again,” Jeff Okrepkie said. He escaped from his Santa Rosa home. It was destroyed soon after he left.
The fires burned through eight counties (郡). These include Sonoma and Napa, which are important to California’s economy. They are home to many of the state’s vineyards (葡萄园) and wineries (酿酒厂). In 2021, California’s wineries made more than $90 billion.
September is when wildfires usually produce the most ruins in California. But it is unusual for so many fires to start at once. Up to now, the government has not given a cause for any of the fires, many of which were still burning.
(News from VOA September 13,2022)
4. Why did the fires grow quickly
A. Most of the fires began in September. B. 12 fires happened at the same time.
C. The state government didn’t react quickly enough. D. High-speed wind and dry air fueled the fires.
5. How many people had been injured in the fires
A. 50,000. B. 3,500. C. 200. D. 20.
6. What is the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph 2
A. Leave home. B. Go home. C. Return home. D. Arrive home.
7. What’s the best title for the news
A. Escape from California’s Wildfires B. Wildfires Attacking California
C. Vineyards Ruined in California’s Wildfires D. Causes of California’s Wildfires
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了加州野火肆虐，造成了20人死亡。大约200人受伤，大约5万人被要求撤离。到目前为止，政府还没有给出任何火灾的原因，其中许多火灾仍在燃烧。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The fires were made bigger by winds of up to 50 miles per hour and dry air in the area.(由于风速高达每小时50英里，加上该地区空气干燥，火势进一步扩大)”可知，火势蔓延得很快是因为高速的风和干燥的空气助长了火灾。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“About 200 have been injured.(大约200人受伤)”可知，有200人在火灾中受伤。故选C。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Many left in a hurry, without time to take their personal things.”可知，大约5万人被要求离开他们的家。许多人匆忙离开，没有时间带走他们的私人物品。故划线词意思是“离开家”。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“A very dangerous situation happened in California last week. More than 12 wildfires broke out in the state.(上周加州发生了非常危险的情况。该州发生了12起以上的野火)”结合文章主要说明了加州野火肆虐，造成了20人死亡。大约200人受伤，大约5万人被要求撤离。到目前为止，政府还没有给出任何火灾的原因，其中许多火灾仍在燃烧。可知，B选项“加州野火肆虐”最符合文章标题。故选B。
C
Growing up, I understood one thing about my dad: he knew everything. In my teen years, he taught me things I’d need to know to survive in the real world. When I moved out on my own, I also called him at least once a week. But then, eventually, I needed him less. I got married, and my husband had most of the knowledge I lacked about gutter cleaning and water heaters. For everything else, we had Google. I loved my dad, of course, but I wondered at times if maybe he had already shared everything I needed to know. Maybe I’d heard all his stories. Maybe, after knowing a man for 40 years, there was nothing left to say.
Then, this past summer, my husband, our four kids and I moved in with my parents for three weeks while our house was being repaired. They own a lake house, and dad asked me to help him rebuild the bulkhead (隔板). I didn’t refuse—it was the least I could do for free rent—but I was afraid of it. It was hard, manual (体力) labor.
But as we put the new bulkhead together piece by piece, my dad knew exactly what went where. I looked at him and asked, “How do you know how to build a bulkhead ” The heavy mallet (木槌) he was moving backward and forward paused in mid-air. “I spent a summer in college building bulkheads on the Jersey Shoro.” “You did ” I thought I knew everything about my dad - all his jobs and interests. But I never knew this.
As he explained the importance and the steps of rebuilding, I realized that maybe it’s not that there’s nothing left to say. Maybe it’s just that I’ve spent my life asking him the wrong questions.
8. What can we know about the author from paragraph 1
A. She knew nothing about her father.
B. Her husband helped her deal with everything.
C. She lives a more independent life away from her father now.
D. She could solve most problems with the help of Google when she was young.
9. Why did the author help her father rebuild the bulkhead
A. She liked the repairing work. B. Her husband asked her to do that.
C. She wanted to learn some repairing skills. D. She wanted to make up for free rent.
10. Which of the following can best describe the author’s father
A. Devoted. B. Serious. C. Knowledgeable. D. Courageous.
11. Why did the author ask two questions to her father in the article
A. Because she didn’t know how to rebuild a bulkhead.
B. Because she realized she didn’t know her father enough.
C. Because she thought her father had taught her everything.
D. Because there was nothing else to say between her and her father.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述的是作者与父亲沟通交流的变化过程，
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When I moved out on my own, I also called him at least once a week. But then, eventually, I needed him less. I got married, and my husband had most of the knowledge I lacked about gutter cleaning and water heaters. For everything else, we had Google.(当我自己搬出去的时候，我也每周至少给他打一次电话。但最终，我不那么需要他了。我结婚了，我丈夫掌握了我所缺乏的大部分关于排水沟清洁和热水器的知识。其他方面，我们有谷歌)”可知，作者现在离开父亲过着更加独立的生活。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“I didn’t refuse—it was the least I could do for free rent—but I was afraid of it.(我没有拒绝——这是我为免房租所能做的最起码的事——但我害怕)”可知，作者帮助她父亲重建隔板是因为她想弥补免房租的损失。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“But as we put the new bulkhead together piece by piece, my dad knew exactly what went where.(但当我们把新隔板一块一块地组装在一起时，我父亲清楚地知道什么该放在哪里)”可推知，作者的父亲是知识渊博的。故选C。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“As he explained the importance and the steps of rebuilding, I realized that maybe it’s not that there’s nothing left to say. Maybe it’s just that I’ve spent my life asking him the wrong questions.(当他解释重建重要性和步骤时，我意识到也许并不是没有什么可说的了。也许只是我这辈子一直在问他错误的问题)”可知，作者在文章中问了她父亲两个问题是因为她以为她父亲教会了她一切。故选C。
D
Chile is famous for its many attractions. If you’re planning a visit, be sure to add “Mano del Desierto” or “Hand of the Desert” to your must-see list.
Standing 11 meters tall and made of iron and cement (水泥), this sculpture of a hand emerges from the sand in the Atacama Desert, which is known as the driest desert in the world outside of polar regions. The sculpture was created by Mario Irarrazabal in the early 1980s and was financed by a local nonprofit organization. The sculpture is not only impressive in terms of its design but also in the message it expresses. Many people believe that the hand represents the weakness and helplessness of human beings, as well as their strength and determination to overcome hardships. It is a reflection on the human condition and our relationship with nature.
If you’re interested in visiting the Hand of the Desert, take Route 26 or 28 from Antofagasta, a port city in northern Chile. The sculpture is located between mile markers 1309 and 1310 and can be reached from either direction. The desert’s flatness makes it easy to spot the sculpture from far away.
Visitors should take precautions (预防措施) before leaving, such as filling their gas tanks, packing plenty of water, and wearing sunscreen. They should also avoid driving too quickly, as many car accidents occur in the desert each year.
For those who are nervous about driving alone, working with an agency like Plan South America is a good choice. The founder of the agency, Harry Hastings, said that he always tries to join a visit to the sculpture with guests traveling to the desert, calling it an “important landmark” that is both culturally and visually significant.
12. What makes the Hand of the Desert a famous attraction
A. Its height and material. B. Its location and. designer.
C. Its building time and local support. D. Its design and meaning.
13. What can we know about from paragraph 3
A. The sculpture can be reached very easily.
B. The sculpture can be seen from far away.
C. The sculpture is protected by the government.
D. The sculpture attracts millions of visitors every year.
14. What can we infer about Harry Hastings
A. He built the sculpture “Hand of the Desert”.
B. He gave the financial support to the sculpture.
C. He speaks highly of the sculpture.
D. He likes driving alone to visit the sculpture.
15. Where can the passage probably be taken from
A. A science fiction. B. A magazine. C. A fairy tale. D. A book review.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍智利的著名景点Mano del Desierto，即“沙漠之手”。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Standing 11 meters tall and made of iron and cement (水泥), this sculpture of a hand emerges from the sand in the Atacama Desert, which is known as the driest desert in the world outside of polar regions. The sculpture was created by Mario Irarrazabal in the early 1980s and was financed by a local nonprofit organization. The sculpture is not only impressive in terms of its design but also in the message it expresses. Many people believe that the hand represents the weakness and helplessness of human beings, as well as their strength and determination to overcome hardships. It is a reflection on the human condition and our relationship with nature. (这只手的雕塑高11米，由铁和水泥制成，从阿塔卡马沙漠的沙子中出现，阿塔卡马被称为极地以外世界上最干燥的沙漠。这座雕塑由马里奥·伊拉拉扎巴尔于20世纪80年代初创作，由当地一家非营利组织资助。这座雕塑不仅在设计上令人印象深刻，而且在传达的信息上也令人印象深刻。许多人认为，这只手代表着人类的软弱和无助，以及他们克服困难的力量和决心。它反映了人类的状况以及我们与自然的关系。)”可知，“沙漠之手”之所以有名是因为它独特的设计和意义。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The desert’s flatness makes it easy to spot the sculpture from far away. (沙漠的平坦使得从远处很容易看到这座雕塑。)”可知，从远处就可以看到这座雕塑。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The founder of the agency, Harry Hastings, said that he always tries to join a visit to the sculpture with guests traveling to the desert, calling it an “important landmark” that is both culturally and visually significant. (该机构的创始人哈里·黑斯廷斯表示，他总是试图与前往沙漠的客人一起参观这座雕塑，称其为具有文化和视觉意义的“重要地标”。)”可知，哈里·黑斯廷斯对这个雕塑高度评价。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Chile is famous for its many attractions. If you’re planning a visit, be sure to add “Mano del Desierto” or “Hand of the Desert” to your must-see list. (智利以其众多的景点而闻名。如果你计划参观，一定要把“Mano del Desierto”即“沙漠之手”添加到你的必看名单中。)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍智利的著名景点“沙漠之手”，所以它很可能摘自于旅行杂志。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The words you use say a lot about you. Knowing which word to use and understanding how to use them are both key to communicating effectively and accurately. People often say in disappointment, “___16___” If the right words aren’t there, the right ideas can’t get through. Your vocabulary is the foundation of your ability to share your thoughts with other people. When you improve your vocabulary, you will improve the ability to express your ideas.
___17___ Saying this, they usually mean that he or she uses a lot of important-sounding words - words like jactitation, demulcent, and saxicolous. But a vocabulary consisting of words like these isn’t necessarily a “good” vocabulary. Why Because almost no one knows what jactitation, demulcent, and saxicolous mean. ___18___ Chances are that no one listening to you would know what you were talking about. Big, difficult words have important uses, but improving a vocabulary involves much more than merely decorating your writing with a few big words.
___19___ You speak and write in order to make yourselves understood. A good vocabulary is one that makes communication easy and efficient. One mark of an effective speaker or writer is his or her ability to express complex ideas with relatively simple words.
The best way to improve your vocabulary isn’t to look through a handful of unfamiliar big words. ___20___
A. Learning new words isn’t that hard.
B. I know what I mean, but I don’t know how to say it.
C. If you use these words in conversation, what will happen
D. Sometimes people say that someone has a good vocabulary.
E. The goal of communication is to express your ideas clearly.
F. Speaking or writing well doesn’t require a good vocabulary.
G. Instead, you need to master the words often used in communication.
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了交流的目的是清晰地表达自己的观点，拥有好的词汇量，不意味着知道许多晦涩难懂的所谓的“大词”，而是掌握那些在交流中频繁出现的词汇。
【16题详解】
根据上文的“People often say in disappointment (人们常常失望地说)”可知，B项(我知道我的意思，但我不知道该怎么说。)承接上文，说明了人们在诉说一种表达方面的困境，下文的“If the right words aren’t there, the right ideas can’t get through. (如果没有合适的词语，正确的思想就无法传达。)”进一步指出了产生表达困境的原因所在，故选B项。
【17题详解】
根据下文的“Saying this, they usually mean that he or she uses a lot of important-sounding words - words like jactitation, demulcent, and saxicolous. (这样说，他们通常意味着他或她使用了很多听起来很重要的词，比如jactitation, demulcent和saxicolous。)”可知，有人讲话时会用到听起来很重要的词语，这体现了其词汇量的丰富，D项(有时人们会说某人词汇量很好。)中的“a good vocabulary”指的便是下文中的“jactitation, demulcent和saxicolous”等词语，故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据上文的“Because almost no one knows what jactitation, demulcent, and saxicolous mean. (因为几乎没有人知道什么是jactitation，demulcent和saxicolous。)”可知，这些词是很生僻的。根据下文的“Chances are that no one listening to you would know what you were talking about. (很可能听你说话的人都不知道你在说什么。)”可知，交流就会出现障碍，C项(如果你在对话中使用这些词，会发生什么？)承上启下，these words指的是前文的生僻词，下文对该选项提出的问题做出了回答，故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据下文的“You speak and write in order to make yourselves understood. A good vocabulary is one that makes communication easy and efficient. One mark of an effective speaker or writer is his or her ability to express complex ideas with relatively simple words. (你们说话和写作是为了让别人明白你们的意思。好的词汇能使交流更容易、更有效。一个优秀的演说家或作家的标志之一是他或她能用相对简单的词语表达复杂的思想的能力。)”可知，沟通是为了清楚有效地传递想法，E项(沟通的目的是清楚地表达你的想法。)能够概括本段的主要内容，可以作为话题句，故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据上文的“The best way to improve your vocabulary isn’t to look through a handful of unfamiliar big words. (提高词汇量的最好方法不是翻阅一大堆不熟悉的大词。)”可知，G项(相反，你需要掌握交流中经常使用的词汇。)承接上文，说明了提高词汇量的最好方法是掌握交流中经常使用的词汇，故选G项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As China’s first ever full-time Formula One (世界一级方程式锦标赛) driver, Zhou Guanyu makes a living by doing the sort of things many people can only dream about: traveling the world and racing in a fast car.
“I think the only ___21___ between Formula One and a roller coaster is that you have to be ___22___ where you’re going, and you have to be at 100% of yourself,” Zhou told CNN.
Zhou has been putting his all into ___23___ since he was a young boy ___24___ in Shanghai. Today, Zhou is predicted to become F1’s answer to Yao Ming, who is often praised for making basketball ___25___ in China.
It was back in Shanghai in 2004 that-at just 5 years old-Zhou ___26___ Rubens Barrichello win the first ever Chinese Grand Prix on TV. The moment helped to ___27___ his interest in racing and has ___28___ with him ever since, he said.
There was a ___29___ of Chinese racing role models, so he ___30___ a path of his own. A very important moment in his racing life came at age 12, when he ___31___ Shanghai for Sheffield in the United Kingdom to ___32___ his development with the strawberry Racing Krting team. The move put him on the road to achieving his ambitions.
Zhou is often ___33___ to the former NBA player Yao Ming, who is also a sport star from Shanghai. “Who knows, maybe in 10 years’ time. I could have the same ___34___. And that is my aim ___35___,” he said.
21. A. problem B. difference C. difficulty D. importance
22. A. guessing B. controlling C. proving D. declaring
23. A. reading B. playing C. driving D. swimming
24. A. growing up B. getting up C. going up D. staying up
25. A. simple B. interesting C. available D. popular
26. A. watched B. followed C. researched D. examined
27. A. lose B. stress C. develop D. measure
28. A. stayed B. dealt C. fought D. taken
29. A. way B. lack C. role D. loss
30. A. received B. imagined C. composed D. created
31. A. reached B. chose C. left D. forgot
32. A. continue B. discover C. consider D. manage
33. A. matched B. compared C. adapted D. devoted
34. A. career B. hobby C. influence D. result
35. A. normally B. naturally C. regularly D. definitely
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是一级方程式赛车手Zhou Guanyu的生平和主要成就。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：周在接受CNN采访时表示：“我认为F1和过山车的唯一区别在于，你必须控制自己的前进方向，你必须保持100%的自信。”A. problem问题；B. difference区别；C. difficulty困难；D. importance重要性。根据下文“between Formula One and a roller coaster”可知，此处表示“F1和过山车的唯一区别”，空格处意为“区别”。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：周在接受CNN采访时表示：“我认为F1和过山车的唯一区别在于，你必须控制自己的前进方向，你必须保持100%的自信。”A. guessing猜测；B. controlling控制；C. proving证明；D. declaring宣布。根据“where you’re going”可知，开F1必须控制自己的前进方向。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：周从小在上海长大，从小就全身心地投入到驾驶中。A. reading读；B. playing玩耍；C. driving驾驶；D. swimming游泳。根据第一段“racing in a fast car”可知，他全身心地投入到驾驶中。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：周从小在上海长大，从小就全身心地投入到驾驶中。A. growing up长大；B. getting up起床；C. going up上升；D. staying up熬夜。根据上文“he was a young boy”和下文“in Shanghai”可知，周从小在上海长大。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今天，周被预测将成为F1的姚明，姚明经常因为让篮球在中国流行而受到称赞。A. simple简单的；B. interesting令人感兴趣的；C. available可获得的；D. popular流行的。根据上文“Yao Ming, who is often praised for making basketball”可知，姚明经常因为让篮球在中国流行而受到称赞。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2004年在上海，年仅5岁的周在电视上看到了Rubens Barrichello赢得了中国大奖赛的首个冠军。A. watched观看；B. followed跟随；C. researched研究；D. examined检查。根据下文“on TV”可知，周在电视上看到Rubens Barrichello赢得了中国大奖赛的首个冠军。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说，那一刻帮助他培养了对赛车的兴趣，并一直陪伴着他。A. lose丢失；B. stress强调；C. develop培养；D. measure测量。根据下文“his interest in racing”可知，那一刻帮助他培养了对赛车的兴趣。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说，那一刻帮助他培养了对赛车的兴趣，并一直陪伴着他。A. stayed停留；B. dealt处理；C. fought打架；D. taken拿走。根据上文“his interest in racing”和下文“with him”可知，他对于赛车的兴趣一直跟着他，空格处意为“停留”。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时缺乏中国赛车的榜样，所以他开辟了一条自己的道路。A. way方法；B. lack缺乏；C. role角色；D. loss损失。根据下文“so he___10__ a path of his own”可知，当时缺乏中国赛车的榜样，所以他开辟了自己的道路。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时缺乏中国赛车的榜样，所以他开辟了一条自己的道路。A. received收到；B. imagined想象；C. composed作曲；D. created创造。根据上文“There was a___9__of Chinese racing role models”和下文“a path of his own”可知，当时缺乏中国赛车的榜样，所以他开辟了一条自己的道路，空格处意为“创造”。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：12岁那年，他离开上海前往英国谢菲尔德，在strawberry Racing Krting队继续发展，这是他赛车生涯中一个非常重要的时刻。A. reached到达；B. chose选择；C. left离开；D. forgot忘记。根据下文“Shanghai for Sheffield in the United Kingdom”可知，他离开上海前往英国谢菲尔德。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：12岁那年，他离开上海前往英国谢菲尔德，在strawberry Racing Krting队继续发展，这是他赛车生涯中一个非常重要的时刻。A. continue继续；B. discover发现；C. consider考虑；D. manage管理。根据下文“his development with the strawberry Racing Krting team”可知，他离开上海前往英国谢菲尔德，在strawberry Racing Krting队继续发展。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：周经常被比作前NBA球员姚明，后者也是来自上海的体育明星。A. matched匹配；B. compared把……比作；C. adapted适应；D. devoted献身。根据下文“to the former NBA player Yao Ming”可知，周经常被比作前NBA球员姚明。故选B。
34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也可以有同样的影响力。A. career职业生涯；B. hobby爱好；C. influence影响力；D. result结果。根据上文“Zhou is often __13___ to the former NBA player Yao Ming”可知，周经常被比作前NBA球员姚明，所以周觉得自己将来也可以有同样的影响力。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这绝对是我的目标。A. normally通常，平常；B. naturally自然地；C. regularly定期地；D. definitely绝对地。根据上文“I could have the same __14___”可知，周觉得自己将来也会有姚明那样的影响力，他觉得这绝对是他的目标。故选D。
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
语法填空
For many years, human beings have been trying to conquer nature, but never succeeded. What’s worse, nature has got angry. It often shows ___36___ (it) power and teaches human beings different lessons in various ___37___ (way), such as earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, sandstorms, typhoons, droughts, landslides, tornadoes, and volcanoes. Any of them can cause terrible disasters. For example, on March 11, 2011, ___38___ huge earthquake struck Japan, ___39___ (cause) a terrible tsunami. Many cars, ships and buildings ___40___ (ruin) by a ten-metre-high wall of water. Thousands of people were confirmed dead. The total energy released by the quake was equivalent to the explosion of 6.7 trillion tons of TNT, ___41___ is about a thousand times the total power of all the world’s nuclear weapons. Another event was the “huge volcanic eruption in Iceland” in 2010. It caused enormous damage to air travel across western and northern Europe because ___42___ the large quantities of volcanic ash. All of these show how ___43___ (power) nature is.
Compared with the great power of nature, human beings are so weak and even so helpless in face of the destruction caused by natural disasters. It would be unwise of us ___44___ (fight) against or even try to conquer nature. On the contrary, we should try to learn how to live with nature ___45___ (peaceful).
【答案】36. its
37. ways 38. a
39. causing
40. were ruined
41. which 42. of
43. powerful
44. to fight
45. peacefully
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是历史上比较严重的两个自然灾害。
【36题详解】
考查物主代词。句意：地震、洪水、飓风、沙尘暴、台风、干旱、山体滑坡、龙卷风、火山等灾害，经常显示出它的威力，并以各种方式给人类上了不同的课。根据语境可知，句子表示“地震、洪水、飓风、沙尘暴、台风、干旱、山体滑坡、龙卷风、火山等灾害，经常显示出它的威力”，空格处意为“它的”，用形容词性物主代词its修饰名词power，故填its。
【37题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：地震、洪水、飓风、沙尘暴、台风、干旱、山体滑坡、龙卷风、火山等灾害，经常显示出它的威力，并以各种方式给人类上了不同的课。空前有various，空格处用复数名词，故填ways。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：例如，2011年3月11日，一场大地震袭击了日本，引发了可怕的海啸。earthquake是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，huge是辅音音素开头，不定冠词用a，故填a。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，2011年3月11日，一场大地震袭击了日本，引发了可怕的海啸。句中谓语是struck，空格处用非谓语动词，表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，故填causing。
【40题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：许多汽车、船只和建筑物被10米高的水墙毁坏。主语Many cars, ships and buildings与ruin之间是被动关系，句子用被动语态，句子描述过去的事情，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填were ruined。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：地震释放的总能量相当于6.7万亿吨TNT炸药的爆炸，大约是世界上所有核武器总能量的1000倍。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词the explosion of 6.7 trillion tons of TNT是物，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。
【42题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：由于大量的火山灰，它对西欧和北欧的航空旅行造成了巨大的破坏。the large quantities of volcanic ash是名词性短语，because后跟句子，because of后跟名词或名词性短语，因此空格处是of，故填of。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：所有这些都显示了大自然的强大。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词nature，power的形容词是powerful，意为“强大的”，故填powerful。
【44题详解】
考查不定式。句意：我们与自然作斗争甚至试图征服自然是不明智的。It is unwise of sb. to do sth.是固定句型，意为“某人做某事是不明智的”，其中It是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，故填to fight。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：相反，我们应该努力学习如何与自然和平共处。空格处用副词修饰动词live，peaceful的副词是peacefully，意为“和平地”，故填peacefully。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 将语篇中的中文句子翻译成英文(共5小题，每题3分，满分15分)
将语篇中的中文句子翻译成英文
One day a man was asked to paint a boat by the owner of the boat. He brought with him paint and brushes and began to paint the boat bright red, as the owner asked him. While painting the boat, he saw a hole in the boat. He repaired it at once. ___46___ (完成刷漆后，他拿了钱便离开了。)
The next day, the owner of the boat came to the painter’s house and presented him with a nice check, much higher than the payment of painting. ___47___ (油漆匠感到非常惊讶。) “You’ve already paid me for painting the boat!” he said.
“But this is not for the paint job. It’s for having repaired the hole in the boat,” the owner said.
“But it was such a small service. Certainly it is not worth paying me such a high amount for something so unimportant!”
“My dear friend, you do not understand. ___48___ (现在让我告诉你发生了什么。) When I asked you to paint the boat, I forgot to mention the hole. When the boat dried, my kids took the boat and went on a fishing trip. They did not know that there was a hole in the boat. I was not at home at that time. When I returned and noticed they had taken the boat, I was hopeless because I remembered that the boat had a hole. ___49___ (然而，让我欣喜的是，他们竟然安全回家了!) It was really unbelievable!
“___50___ (我立刻检查了这艘船，发现你已经修补了那个洞!) You see, now, what you did You saved my children! I do not have enough money to pay your ‘small’ good deed.”
So, no matter where, when or how, just carefully repair all the ‘holes’ you find.
参考词汇：finish doing; be surprised; let sb do sth; to one’s joy; immediately
【答案】46. After/When he finished painting, he took his money and left.
47. The painter was/felt very surprised.
48. Now let me tell you what happened/has happened.
49. However, to my great joy, they did return/returned home safely!
50. Immediately, I examined the boat and found that you had repaired the hole.
【解析】
【46题详解】
考查时间状语从句。“完成刷漆后”用after/when引导时间状语从句，时态用一般过去时，表示过去的事情，“完成刷漆”是finish painting，“他拿了钱便离开了”时态用一般过去时，翻译为he took his money and left，其中and连接并列的谓语动词，因此整句话翻译为“After/When he finished painting, he took his money and left”。故答案为After/When he finished painting, he took his money and left.
【47题详解】
考查时态，形容词和主谓一致。“油漆匠感到非常惊讶”描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，“油漆匠”是the painter，“感到”是be动词或feel，用过去式，主语painter是单数，be动词用was，“非常惊讶”用very surprised作表语，因此整句话翻译为“The painter was/felt very surprised”。故答案为The painter was/felt very surprised.
【48题详解】
考查宾语从句，时态和主谓一致。“现在”是now，“让我做某事”是let me do sth.，“告诉你”是tell you，“发生了什么”用what引导的宾语从句，时态用一般过去时或现在完成时，翻译为what happened/has happened，因此整句话翻译为“Now let me tell you what happened/has happened”。故答案为Now let me tell you what happened/has happened.
【49题详解】
考查时态，介词短语和动词短语。“然而”是however，“让我欣喜的是”用固定短语to my great joy，“他们竟然安全回家了”描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，“安全回家”是return home safely，return用过去式，也可用“did+动词原形”表强调，因此整句话翻译为“However, to my great joy, they did return/returned home safely”。故答案为However, to my great joy, they did return/returned home safely!
【50题详解】
考查时态和宾语从句。“立刻”是immediately，“检查了这艘船，发现你已经修补了那个洞”描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，“检查”是examine，用过去式，“这艘船”是the boat，“发现你已经修补了那个洞”用一般过去时，“发现”是find，用过去式，and连接并列谓语动词，其后用that引导的宾语从句，“你已经修补了那个洞”用过去完成时表示先于found之前发生的事情，“修补”是repair，“那个洞”是the hole，因此整句话翻译为“Immediately, I examined the boat and found that you had repaired the hole”。故答案为Immediately, I examined the boat and found that you had repaired the hole.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
51. 假定你是李华。在你校学习的美国交换生Peter打算参加一个学生社团，故征询你的建议。请你给他回封邮件，内容包括：
1. 推荐的社团；
2. 推荐的理由；
3. 建议他提前做好哪些准备。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear peter,
I’m more than delighted to know you are curious about the clubs of our school and want to join one of them next term. The Beijing opera club is recommended for the following reasons.
First, Beijing opera club is like a pearl in traditional Chinese art. Joining this club can give you a taste of traditional Chinese art. Besides, the club will regularly organize various activities, such as inviting famous actors to perform and drawing Beijing opera masks. When it comes to preparation, you can watch some famous Beijing opera videos on the Internet or read some relevant materials, which will definitely be beneficial to you.
Hope my suggestions can be of great help. If you want to learn something more, don’t hesitate to contact me.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是应用文。要求考生给美国交换生Peter回封邮件，给他推荐一个社团，阐述推荐的理由并建议他提前做好哪些准备。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
非常：more than→very
高兴的：delighted→glad
有益的：be beneficial to→be of benefit to
建议：recommend→suggest
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, the club will regularly organize various activities, such as inviting famous actors to perform and drawing Beijing opera masks.
拓展句：Besides, the club will regularly organize various activities, which include inviting famous actors to perform and drawing Beijing opera masks.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m more than delighted to know you are curious about the clubs of our school and want to join one of them next term. (运用省略了连接词that宾语从句）
【高分句型2】When it comes to preparation, you can watch some famous Beijing opera videos on the Internet or read some relevant materials, which will definitely be beneficial to you. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
听力：1－5 BACAA 6－10 ABBCA 11－15 CCBAC 16－20CBCBC
