黄山市2023—2024学年度第一学期期末质量检测
高二英语试题
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。答案应写在答题卷上，不能答在试题卷上。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Why does the man talk to the woman
A．To make an invitation． B．To give her advice． C．To check information．
2．What did the man do on Saturday
A．He took a drum lesson． B．He played chess． C．He made a robot．
3．Where are the speakers probably
A．At the train station． B．At the airport． C．At the bus station．
4．Why does Hannah often play ball sports
A．For the exam． B．For good health． C．For pleasure．
5．What did the man enjoy most last night
A．The bread． B．The cookies． C．The pancakes．
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What does the man dislike doing
A．Sweeping the floor． B．Washing the clothes． C．Cleaning the windows．
7．What does the man think of washing the dishes
A．It’s enjoyable． B．It’s boring． C．It’s difficult．
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．How long does the woman want to stay in the hotel
A．For two nights． B．For three nights． C．For four nights．
9．How does the man suggest getting to the city center from the airport
A．By bus． B．By taxi． C．By train．
10．What will the speakers do next
A．Book a flight． B．Search for a hotel． C．Discuss transportation．
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11．What is Steffi going to do on the weekend
A．Tidy up her flat． B．Visit her grandpa． C．Organize a party．
12．Where will Victor go on the weekend
A．The gym． B．The club． C．The stadium．
13．Why is Delbert going to the library
A．To read some stories． B．To finish the project． C．To return a book．
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14．Where did the music producer find Josh
A．At Josh’s school． B．Near his office． C．In a concert hall．
15．How did Josh feel about the sales of his first song
A．Surprised． B．Happy． C．Sad．
16．How often does Josh work on his songs
A．Every day． B．Three times a week． C．Twice a month．
17．What does Josh like doing in his free time
A．Watching TV． B．Playing basketball． C．Hanging out with friends．
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18．What is Lara’s father
A．An engineer． B．A painter． C．A designer
19．Why did Lara decide to draw for video games
A．Their images were terrible．
B．Her teacher advised her．
C．It was highly-paid．
20．What did Lara study at university
A．IT． B．Art． C．Design．
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Four Best Natural Parks in America
Everglades National Park, Florida
Everglades National Park is the largest subtropical (亚热带) wilderness reserve in America. This amazing destination is a 1.5-million-acre ocean of grass which flows gradually from central Florida all the way south to the sea. This makes it -an important habitat for numerous rare and endangered species like manatee, American crocodile, and Florida jaguar.
Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona
Grand Canyon National Park is home to one of the largest canyons in the world. If you visit between mid-May and mid-October, you can see the Canyon from the North Rim. About 90% of all visitors see it from the “South Rim”, because it is open all year and has easy-to-get-to overlooks.
Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky
The caves house 200 animals, most of them being invertebrate (无脊椎) species. 42 of these species live in total darkness. These caves are incredible enough to be featured in Planet Earth——a must-see BBC documentary series.
Olympic National Park, Washington
Olympic National Park has a little bit of everything rugged Pacific coastline, high mountain peaks, broad sandy beaches, clear lakes, rain forests. With such a wide variety of ecosystems, Olympic is one of the most diverse wilderness areas in the United States. The park is an important habitat for species like wild salmon (鲑鱼), northern spotted owls.
Olympic National Park is very large and there are no roads that cross the park. If you visit in April or May, you may see gray whales pass by on their way to Alaska.
1. What animals live in the Everglades National Park
A. Northern spotted owls. B. Invertebrate animals.
C. Gray whales. D. American crocodiles.
2. Which of the following is featured in Planet Earth
A. Grand Canyon National Park. B. Mammoth Cave National Park.
C. Everglades National Park. D. Olympic National Park.
3. What can we know about Olympic National Park
A. It is open all year.
B. It has a rich biodiversity.
C. It is located in the state of Kentucky.
D. It has easy roads for visitors to drive across the park.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国最好的四个自然公园。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Everglades National Park, Florida部分中“This makes it -an important habitat for numerous rare and endangered species like manatee, American crocodile, and Florida jaguar.(这使它成为许多稀有和濒危物种的重要栖息地，如海牛、美洲鳄鱼和佛罗里达美洲虎。)”可知，在Everglades National Park可以看到美洲鳄鱼。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky部分中“These caves are incredible enough to be featured in Planet Earth——a must-see BBC documentary series.(这些洞穴令人难以置信，足以成为BBC必看纪录片《地球脉动》的特色。)”可知，Mammoth Cave National Park中的洞穴是一个令人难以置信的地方，被BBC的纪录片《地球脉动》所专题报道。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Olympic National Park, Washington部分中“With such a wide variety of ecosystems, Olympic is one of the most diverse wilderness areas in the United States. (拥有如此多样的生态系统，奥林匹克是美国最多样化的荒野地区之一。)”可知，Olympic National Park拥有多种生态系统，是美国最多样化的荒野地区之一，具有丰富的生物多样性。故选B。
B
As I look up at the hundreds of fireworks in the sky, I hear the bells ringing in a small temple welcoming the coming of the Chinese New Year. Though I may not believe in or understand many of the New Year traditions here, the similarities between the coming of this New Year and the beginning of my new life in China are not lost on a big boy like me.
My first few days in China were a cultural shock to say the least. Having arrived late in the semester, I immediately had to begin my beginners’ Chinese classes, along with the newest class of overseas students. Being surrounded by a language that isn’t your own is unbelievably annoying. Due to the picture-based fashion of Chinese writing, it’s not like you can have a guess, or work it out through whatever knowledge you have from other Latin-originated languages. If you don’t know what it says, then that’s it. However, with time passing, I have found myself progressing, though painfully slowly. The first time I called a taxi by myself, the driver actually understood where I wanted to go, which is hugely rewarding. Still it is never long before my lack of language skill is exposed (暴露) and I come crashing back to earth, usually immediately upon leaving the taxi.
Gaining a language is a huge valuable skill. However, it is not the only thing I will gain in China. After this year of learning Chinese, I aim to gain my master’s degree here at University of Jinan. Opportunities do come around rather often: from being offered jobs teaching English, to being asked to appear on game-shows for Shandong TV. So, for now, I am just looking forward to expanding my cultural horizons (眼界) and enjoying my time here. I take some time to get used to everything, but that’s part of the adventure and, most of all, employment. So, much like the Chinese New Year that I am lucky enough to be part of, I am just looking forward to a fresh start and a new journey in China.
4. What can we know about the author from the first two paragraphs
A. He has no interest in Chinese traditions.
B. He knows nothing about the Latin language.
C. His late arrival made him miss beginners’ Chinese classes.
D. The unique way of Chinese writing made him hard to understand Chinese.
5. What does the author want to show through his taxi experience
A. He is poor at using public transport. B. He finds it easy to call a taxi in China.
C. He feels pleased to have made progress in Chinese. D. He is good at chatting with the taxi driver.
6. What is the author’s present expectation
A. To settle down in China. B. To become a famous host on TV.
C. To broaden his cultural horizons. D. To be an excellent teaching assistant.
7. Which can be the best title for the text
A. Exploring Chinese: valuable skills mastered B. Learning Chinese; adventurous but enjoyable
C. Coming to China: more opportunities promised D. Studying in China: challenging but rewarding
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者来到中国后通过自己的努力在中文和其他方面取得的进步。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Due to the picture-based fashion of Chinese writing, it’s not like you can have a guess, or work it out through whatever knowledge you have from other Latin-originated languages.(由于中文书写以图像为基础，你无法猜测，或者通过你从其他拉丁语言中获得的知识来解决问题)”可知，中文独特的书写方式使他很难理解中文。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“However, with time passing, I have found myself progressing, though painfully slowly. The first time I called a taxi by myself, the driver actually understood where I wanted to go, which is hugely rewarding.(然而，随着时间的流逝，我发现自己在进步，虽然缓慢得令人痛苦。我第一次自己叫出租车的时候，司机真的明白我要去哪里，这是非常值得的)”可推知，作者通过打出租车的经历表明他很高兴自己的中文取得了进步。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“So, for now, I am just looking forward to expanding my cultural horizons (眼界) and enjoying my time here.(所以，现在，我只是期待着扩大我的文化视野，享受我在这里的时光)”可推知，作者现在的期望是拓宽他的文化视野。故选C。
7题详解】
主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者来到中国后通过自己的努力在中文和其他方面取得的进步，结合文章最后一段的“Gaining a language is a huge valuable skill. However, it is not the only thing I will gain in China. After this year of learning Chinese, I aim to gain my master’s degree here at University of Jinan.(学习一门语言是一项非常有价值的技能。然而，这并不是我在中国能得到的唯一东西。经过这一年的中文学习，我的目标是在济南大学获得硕士学位)”和“I take some time to get used to everything, but that’s part of the adventure and, most of all, employment.(我需要一些时间来适应一切，但这是冒险的一部分，最重要的是就业)”可知，D项“在中国学习：很辛苦，但也很有收获”可以作为文章的最佳标题。故选D。
C
According to a recent study, consuming three largely comparable meals each day to meet our energy demands may be the most effective method to prevent cognitive (认知的) deterioration. The study finds a link between skipping breakfast and a gradual failure in cognitive health. The study also reveals that eating more calories at one meal than another is not linked to a quick failure in cognitive function, but it does not improve cognition as much as eating balanced three meals daily.
With previous study focusing on how the quality of the food we consume can affect our health, there hasn’t been much research on how our daily energy intake is distributed and how it can affect our cognitive health over the long term, as well as if it might affect our risk of dementia (痴呆).
A recent study, in which the data from the 1997 — 2006 China Health and Nutrition Survey were analyzed, examines the possible impact of various meal schedules on cognitive decline in order to better understand this.
The poll (民意调查) collected submissions from 3,342 persons in China during a ten-year period, and their responses were included in the statistics. The average age was 62. 2, and people were at least 55 years old. The study did not include those who had severe cognitive deterioration.
Each participant underwent a dietary evaluation as well as a phone-based cognitive exam at the beginning of the study period. This test evaluated each person’s ability to recall words quickly and slowly, count backward, and subtract (减) quickly from given numbers.
The findings demonstrate that, in comparison to either less balanced ways of absorbing one’s total caloric intake or less equally distributed ways of ingesting one’s total energy intake, eating three balanced meals each day is related with superior cognitive function.
8. What does the underlined word “deterioration” mean in paragraph 1
A. Increase.
B. Decline.
C. Exchange.
D. Spread.
9. What is the main difference between the recent study and the previous one
A. The contents.
B. The method.
C. The participants.
D. The process.
10. How did the researchers do the recent study
A. By doing experiments.
B. By analyzing previous data.
C. By interviewing senior people.
D. By examining people with cognitive disease.
11. Which of the following may contribute to best cognition
A. Skipping breakfast every day.
B. Three balanced meals per day.
C. Hunger-determined food time and amount.
D. A big lunch with a small breakfast and dinner.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了一项研究表明优秀的认知功能与三餐均衡饮食有关。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。由后句“The study finds a link between skipping breakfast and a gradual failure in cognitive health.”（此研究发现了不吃早餐与认知健康问题之间存在关联）可知，该词与failure“失灵、失败”意义相似，decline“减少、衰退”符合语义。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。由文第二段“With previous study focusing on how the quality of the food we consume can affect our health, there hasn’t been much research on how our daily energy intake is distributed and how it can affect our cognitive health over the long term, as well as if it might affect our risk of dementia (痴呆). ”（以前的研究专注于我们所摄入的食物的品质是如何影响我们的健康的，对于我们日常摄入的能量的分配、长期来说对于认知健康以及是否会影响患痴呆的风险的研究不多）可知，研究的区别主要在于研究的内容不同。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由文第三段“A recent study, in which the data from the 1997-2006 China Health and Nutrition Survey were analyzed, examines the possible impact of various meal schedules on cognitive decline in order to better understand this.”（通过分析从中国健康与营养调查获得的1997年至2006年的数据，为了更好地理解这种关系，最近的一项调查审视了各种饮食习惯对于认知衰退的可能的影响）可知，这项调查主要是通过分析数据进行。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由文最后一段“The findings demonstrate that, in comparison to either less balanced ways of absorbing one’s total caloric intake or less equally distributed ways of ingesting one’ s total energy intake, eating three balanced meals each day is related with superior cognitive function.”（研究表明，比起要么不那么均衡地吸收总体的卡路里摄入，要么不平等地分配总的能量摄入，优秀的认知功能与三餐均衡饮食有关）可推知，最好的认知功能是由三餐均衡饮食促成的。故选B项。
D
In a lab in London, newborn chicks took the first steps of their life and might become part of solving one of the brain’s big puzzles. Elisabetta Versace, the lead author of the new study and head of the Prepared Minds Lab at Queen Mary, and her co-workers published their findings on Tuesday in Biology Letters.
In a simple test, researchers placed the downy animals, hatched after less than a day in complete darkness, one at a time into a special box. Two screens on the opposite sides of the box played videos of moving orange balls, one moving upward and the other downward. Over the course of 20 minutes, most of the chicks hesitantly walked over to the end of the box with the upward-moving ball.
Biologists call the mechanisms (生物机制) that assist animals in their earliest moments “evolutionary predispositions (进化倾向)” or “priors”. “Studying how predisposition s work in humans is difficult,” says Elisa Raffalla Ferre, co-author of the new study, as babies take time to develop complex skills. By the time human babies can easily move, they have already spent significant time learning. Chicks, however, can perform relatively complex actions very soon after hatching, which makes them ideal candidates for exploring how predispositions function.
Why this preference for objects that move against gravity exists at all remains unclear. “Going against gravity in a consistent way is associated with animate objects in the ecological world,” Versace says, “because usually you see that water flows down or a rock falls down.” Lifeless objects, on the other hand, are unlikely to move consistently against gravity.
The newly released article is consistent with previous research, according to Orsola Rosa Salva, a comparative psychologist at the University of Trento. What Salva wants to see next in this field are experiments that begin to identify what areas of the brain are active when predispositions are launched, so scientists can better understand how the mechanisms work. Versace hopes that future research can offer insights into the way the brain is organized to make sense of the world.
12. What did the test find out about newborn chicks
A. They liked bright colors. B. They had a poor sense of direction.
C. They preferred rising objects. D. They picked up first steps with difficulty.
13. Why are newborn chicks better subjects for the test than human babies
A. Their mechanisms are more complex.
B. They were already studied more in the past.
C. Their evolutionary predispositions work more effectively.
D. They can exhibit complex behaviors soon after birth.
14. What does Versace say about going against gravity
A. It is common among species in nature. B. It is a natural behavior of living animals.
C. It contributes to the survival of animals. D. It helps newborn animals to learn quickly.
15. What does Salva expect of future experiments
A. They’ll be carried out in the wild. B. They’ll offer detailed workings of the brain.
C. They’ll compare the brains of different species. D. They’ll apply to scientific research in related fields.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在伦敦的一个实验室里，新生的小鸡迈出了生命的第一步，它们可能会成为解决大脑一大难题的一部分。文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及这一实验的意义。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In a simple test, researchers placed the downy animals, hatched after less than a day in complete darkness, one at a time into a special box. Two screens on the opposite sides of the box played videos of moving orange balls, one moving upward and the other downward. Over the course of 20 minutes, most of the chicks hesitantly walked over to the end of the box with the upward-moving ball.(在一个简单的测试中，研究人员将这些在完全黑暗中孵化不到一天的毛茸茸的动物，一次一只地放入一个特殊的盒子里。盒子两侧的两个屏幕分别播放橙色小球移动的视频，一个向上移动，另一个向下移动。在 20 分钟的时间里，大多数小鸡都犹豫不决地走到有向上移动的球的盒子一端)”可知，关于新生的小鸡，测试发现它们更喜欢上升的物体。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Chicks, however, can perform relatively complex actions very soon after hatching, which makes them ideal candidates for exploring how predispositions function.(然而，小鸡在孵化后很快就能做出相对复杂的动作，这使它们成为探索倾向如何发挥作用的理想候选者)”可知，新生的小鸡比人类婴儿更适合测试因为它们出生后不久就能表现出复杂的行为。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““Going against gravity in a consistent way is associated with animate objects in the ecological world,” Versace says, “because usually you see that water flows down or a rock falls down.”(“在生态世界中，以一致的方式对抗重力与有生命的物体有关，”范思哲说，“因为通常你会看到水往下流，或者石头往下掉。”)”可知，范思哲认为反重力在自然界的物种中很常见。故选A。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“What Salva wants to see next in this field are experiments that begin to identify what areas of the brain are active when predispositions are launched, so scientists can better understand how the mechanisms work. (萨尔瓦希望在这一领域看到的下一个实验是，开始确定当倾向被启动时，大脑的哪些区域是活跃的，这样科学家就可以更好地理解机制是如何工作的)”可知，萨尔瓦期望未来的实验会提供大脑的详细工作原理。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Cultural traditions shape who you are. Lear n more about your traditions and how you can preserve them by means of the followings.
Share your culture art.
Each culture is carried by different forms of art. Museums often house items like clothing, music instruments, and visual artworks. However, beyond these exhibits, there exist tools crafted by ancestors, which present the traditions through generations’ wisdom. ____16____
Attend or organize major events.
Your country, religious organizations, or immigrant ethnic groups almost certainly celebrate major holidays or cultural festivals. ____17____ If there aren’t any of those in your area, you can arrange your own events.
Cook family recipes.
Find some recipes from your grandmother’s cookbook. ____18____ As you knead dough (揉面) or follow the right amount of spices, you might remember meals from your childhood or holidays. Cooking your family recipes can help you inherit the family tradition and make it possibly passed down.
Promote your dialects (方言).
Language shapes culture to some degree. Therefore, promoting a dialect contributes to the protection of a certain culture. ____19____ So if you know one of them, help to spread it. With more and more people speaking, these dialects could be successfully preserved before they go extinct.
Spend time with other members of the community.
The best way to preserve your culture is to keep it alive. ____20____ Many aspects of culture are difficult to learn in books and museums, including body language, and humor. But you can get to the core (核心) of the cultural experience through daily communication.
A. Participate to get a broader view of your culture.
B. Culture helps people adapt to the world around them.
C Smell and taste have powerful connections to memory.
D. Record your family tree with the help of family members.
E. Unfortunately, thousands of dialects are at risk of extinction.
F. Gather as a group not just for holidays, but for ordinary meals or just conversation.
G. The skills involved in shaping a stone tool represent one of the earliest cultural practices.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. C 19. E 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了保护传统文化的方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Each culture is carried by different forms of art. Museums often house items like clothing, music instruments, and visual artworks. However, beyond these exhibits, there exist tools crafted by ancestors, which present the traditions through generations’ wisdom.(每种文化都由不同的艺术形式承载。博物馆通常收藏服装、乐器和视觉艺术品等物品。然而，在这些展品之外，还有祖先制作的工具，这些工具通过几代人的智慧展示了传统)”可知，本句承接上文，说明祖先制作工作的智慧的具体体现。故G选项“塑造石器的技巧代表了最早的文化实践之一”符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Your country, religious organizations, or immigrant ethnic groups almost certainly celebrate major holidays or cultural festivals.(你的国家、宗教组织或移民族群几乎肯定会庆祝重大节日或文化节)”可知，上文提到了庆祝重大节日或文化节，故本句承接上文，建议参加这些节日来了解文化。故A选项“参与进来，对你的文化有更广泛的了解”符合语境，故选A。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Find some recipes from your grandmother’s cookbook.(从你祖母的食谱中找一些食谱)”以及后文“As you knead dough (揉面) or follow the right amount of spices, you might remember meals from your childhood or holidays. Cooking your family recipes can help you inherit the family tradition and make it possibly passed down.(当你揉面团或按照正确的香料量，你可能会想起童年或假期的饭菜。烹饪你的家庭食谱可以帮助你继承家庭传统，并使它有可能传承下去)”可知，上文提到了找食谱，可推测本句主要说明从嗅觉和味觉中了解家庭传统，故C选项“嗅觉和味觉与记忆有很强的联系”符合语境，故选C。
【19题详解】
根据后文“So if you know one of them, help to spread it. With more and more people speaking, these dialects could be successfully preserved before they go extinct.(所以如果你知道其中一个，帮助传播它。随着越来越多的人说方言，这些方言可以在灭绝之前被成功地保存下来)”可知，后文提到了要帮助传播方言，说明方言正面临灭绝的危险。故E选项“不幸的是，成千上万的方言正面临灭绝的危险”符合语境，故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“The best way to preserve your culture is to keep it alive.(保护你的文化的最好方法就是让它活下去)”以及后文“Many aspects of culture are difficult to learn in books and museums, including body language, and humor. But you can get to the core (核心) of the cultural experience through daily communication.(文化的许多方面是很难在书本和博物馆里学到的，包括肢体语言和幽默。但是，通过日常交流，你可以找到文化体验的核心)”可知，本段的建议是通过与人接触来保护文化，且提到了日常交流，即和人聊天。故F选项“一群人聚在一起不只是为了度假，还可以一起吃饭或聊天”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In the summer of 2015, Brian Peterson and his wife, Vanessa, had just moved to Santa Ana, California. One day, Peterson was reading the book Love Does, when his quiet was ____21____ by a homeless man. Encouraged by the book’s sympathetic message, Peterson made an conversation with him, and ____22____ that the man called Merda had moved here to ____23____ a career in music, but he ended up living on the street for years.
“It was the ____24____ thing to me,” Peterson recalled later on the podcast Top Artist. “I saw the ____25____ on the face of a man who hadn’t ____26____ or showered in probably a year. But his story, the life inside of him, ____27____ me.” And even though Peterson, a graduate of the Cleveland Institute of Art, hadn’t ____28____ a paintbrush in about 8 years, he ____29____ himself asking if he could paint Merda’s portrait．
Peterson painted Merda’s portraits, ____30____ his traits and life experiences．____31____, the painting was sold for a few thousand dollars, and the money was put into a “love account” by Peterson for his model. Merda used the funds from his portrait to ____32____ an album, fulfilling his musical dreams.
Peterson’s ____33____ with Merda led him to form Faces of Santa Ana, a nonprofit organization focused on befriending and painting portraits of members of the community who are ____34____. Up till now, with 41 portraits painted and sold, Perterson has helped many people get back on their feet, and established the friendship with someone people might have ____35____.
21.
A. overthrown B. disturbed C. attracted D. tricked
22.
A. learnt B. thought C. proved D. achieved
23.
A. exchange B. receive C. pursue D. grab
24.
A. strangest B. best C. saddest D. brightest
25.
A. ugliness B. guilty C. pride D. beauty
26.
A. spoken B. smiled C. shaved D. slept
27.
A. defeated B. discouraged C. shocked D. inspired
28.
A. picked out B. picked up C. held up D. held out
29.
A. found B. saw C. stopped D. required
30.
A. rather than B. according to C. apart from D. along with
31.
A. Hurriedly B. Practically C. Hopelessly D. Fortunately
32.
A. order B. record C. play D. write
33.
A. struggle B. argument C. connection D. appointment
34.
A. unhoused B. uncovered C. uneducated D. unsettled
35.
A. valued B. overlooked C. recognized D. respected
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。彼得森在一次和一名名叫梅尔达的流浪汉的交流中受到启发，决定成立了一个名为“Faces of Santa Ana”的非营利组织，专注于为无家可归者绘画和出售肖像，并资助他们，这一举动也帮助梅尔达完成了自己的音乐梦想。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，彼得森正在读Love Does这本书，这时他的安静被一个流浪汉打扰了。A. overthrown推翻；B. disturbed打扰；C. attracted吸引；D. tricked欺骗。根据前文“when his quiet”及后文“by a homeless man”可知，此处指一个流浪汉打扰了他的安静。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在书中充满同情的信息的鼓舞下，彼得森和他进行了一次交谈，并了解到这个名叫梅尔达的人搬到这里是为了追求音乐事业，但他最终在街上生活了多年。A. learnt了解；B. thought认为；C. proved证明；D. achieved实现。根据后文“that the man called Merda had moved here to”可知，彼得森经过交谈，了解了流浪汉的一些情况。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在书中充满同情的信息的鼓舞下，彼得森和他进行了一次交谈，并了解到这个名叫梅尔达的人搬到这里是为了追求音乐事业，但他最终在街上生活了多年。A. exchange交换；B. receive收到；C. pursue追求；D. grab抓住。根据后文“a career in music”可知，流浪汉搬到这里是为了追求音乐事业，故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这对我来说是最奇怪的事情，”彼得森后来在播客《顶级艺术家》上回忆道。A. strangest最奇怪的；B. best最好的；C. saddest最悲伤的；D. brightest最亮的。根据后文可知，他在一个流浪汉的脸上看到了“美丽”，这是最奇怪的事情。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到了一个大概一年没刮脸、没洗澡的男人脸上的‘美丽’。A. ugliness丑陋；B. guilty内疚；C. pride骄傲；D. beauty美丽。上文提到了彼得森发现了最奇怪的事情，结合后文对方给了他鼓励，可推测他看到了对方脸上的美丽，故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看到了一个大概一年没刮脸、没洗澡的男人脸上的‘美丽’。A. spoken说；B. smiled微笑；C. shaved剃须；D. slept睡觉。根据后文“or showered in probably a year”指这是一个大概一年没刮脸、没洗澡的男人，因为他是流浪汉，不修边幅。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他的故事，他内心的生活，激励了我。A. defeated打败；B. discouraged使沮丧；C. shocked使震惊；D. inspired激励。根据上文“But his story, the life inside of him”中but表示转折，说明对方激励了彼得森，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管毕业于克利夫兰艺术学院的彼得森已经有8年没有拿起画笔了，但他发现自己在问自己是否能画出梅尔达的肖像。A. picked out拿起；B. picked up捡起；C. held up耽搁；D. held out坚持。根据后文“a paintbrush in about 8 years”可知，此处指毕业于艺术学院的彼得森已经有8年没有拿起画笔了，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管毕业于克利夫兰艺术学院的彼得森已经有8年没有拿起画笔了，但他发现自己在问自己是否能画出梅尔达的肖像。A. found发现；B. saw看见；C. stopped停止；D. required要求。根据后文“himself asking if he could paint Merda’s portrait”可知，尽管毕业于克利夫兰艺术学院的彼得森已经有8年没有拿起画笔了，但他发现自己在问自己是否能画出Merda的肖像。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：彼得森根据他的性格和生活经历为梅尔达画肖像。A. rather than而不是；B. according to根据；C. apart from除了；D. along with一起。根据后文“his traits and life experiences”可知，为梅尔达画肖像主要是根据他的性格和生活经历。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，这幅画以几千美元的价格售出，这笔钱被彼得森存入了他的模特的“爱心账户”。A. Hurriedly急忙；B. Practically几乎；C. Hopelessly绝望地；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据后文“the painting was sold for a few thousand dollars”可知，肖像画卖出了几千美元，是幸运的事情。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：梅尔达用他画像的钱录制了一张专辑，实现了他的音乐梦想。A. order命令；B. record录制；C. play玩耍；D. write写。根据后文“an album, fulfilling his musical dreams”可知，此处指梅尔达用他画像的钱录制了一张专辑，实现了他的音乐梦想。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：彼得森与梅尔达的联系促使他成立了“圣安娜之脸”，这是一个非营利组织，专注于结交无家可归的社区成员，并为他们画肖像。A. struggle努力；B. argument争论；C. connection联系；D. appointment任命。根据上文可知，彼得森帮助梅尔达实现梦想，即二者存在联系。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。 句意：彼得森与梅尔达的联系促使他成立了“圣安娜之脸”，这是一个非营利组织，专注于结交无家可归的社区成员，并为他们画肖像。A. unhoused无家可归的；B. uncovered裸露的；C. uneducated无知的；D. unsettled不安的。呼应上文“by a homeless man”指这个组织专注于结交无家可归的社区成员，并为他们画肖像。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，彼得森已经完成并售出了41幅肖像画，帮助许多人重新站起来，并与一些可能被人们忽视的人建立了友谊。A. valued重视；B. overlooked忽视；C. recognized识别；D. respected尊重。根据上文可知，这个组织专注于结交无家可归的社区成员，并为他们画肖像，所以是为被人忽视的人建立友谊。故选B。
第二节语法填空题（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lust for Life (《渴望生活：梵高传》) is a biographical (传记的) novel about the life of the famous Dutch painter Vincent van Gogh．____36____ (write) by US author Irving Stone, this work of historical fiction provides a vivid description of the artist．
The novel traces Van Gogh’s life from his early years in the UK to his final days in France. Stone weaves together historical facts, and ____37____ (imagine) storytelling to create the artist’s journey. The title, Lust for Life, ____38____ (perfect) shows Van Gogh’s enthusiasm both in his art and his life.
____39____ impresses people most in this book is that, ____40____ (add) color to his paintings, Van Gogh would set aside the sketches (素描) to which he had devoted all his efforts and start over．____41____, among the Impressionist of the 19th century, this hardworking painter was still regarded as an abnormal person．
Another strength of Lust for Life lies ____42____ its ability to immerse the readers in the world of 19th century Europe．Its vivid descriptions of the landscapes and cities contribute to a sensory experience that ____43____ (help) the readers better understand the environment where Van Gogh lived．Stone mixes the social and cultural contexts of the era effectively into the book,____44____ (offer) readers a broader perspective on the challenges faced by artists during that period．
In conclusion, this book is a well-deserved _____45_____ (celebrate) of the artist and his spirit of creation．
【答案】36. Written
37. imaginative
38. perfectly
39. What 40. to add
41. However
42. in 43. helps
44. offering
45. celebration
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《渴望生活：梵高传》这本传记小说。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这部由美国作家欧文·斯通创作的历史小说生动地描述了这位艺术家。分析句子结构可知，write与逻辑主语this work构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，首字母大写。故填Written。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：斯通将历史事实和富有想象力的故事编织在一起，创造了艺术家的旅程。此处修饰名词storytelling，应用形容词imaginative“富有想象力的”，作定语。故填imaginative。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：题目《渴望生活：梵高传》完美地展现了梵高对艺术和生活的热情。此处修饰动词show，应用副词perfectly“完美地”，作状语。故填perfectly。
【39题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：这本书中最让人印象深刻的是，为了给他的画上色，梵高会把他倾注了全部心血的草图放在一边，重新开始。此处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指事物应用连接代词what，首字母大写。故填What。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这本书中最让人印象深刻的是，为了给他的画上色，梵高会把他倾注了全部心血的草图放在一边，重新开始。分析句子结构可知，add在句子作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to add。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，在19世纪的印象派画家中，这位勤奋的画家仍然被视为一个不正常的人。结合前后文语境可知，此处为转折关系，此处有逗号，应用转折副词however，首字母大写。故填However。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：《渴望生活：梵高传》的另一个优势在于它能够让读者沉浸在19世纪的欧洲世界中。固定短语lie in表示“在于”。故填in。
【43题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：它对风景和城市的生动描写有助于读者更好地理解梵高生活的环境。此处为定语从句的谓语动词，关系词替代先行词experience，在从句作主语，根据上文contribute可知，为一般现在时，谓语用三单形式。故填helps。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：斯通将那个时代的社会和文化背景有效地融入了书中，为读者提供了一个更广阔的视角来看待那个时期艺术家面临的挑战。分析句子结构可知，offer与上文句子构成主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填offering。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：总之，这本书是对这位艺术家和他的创作精神当之无愧的颂扬。此处作表语，结合上文不定冠词a可知，应用名词celebration的单数形式。故填celebration。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你们学校开设了中国传统文化实践课。请给你的英国好友Peter写一封邮件，分享你上课的感受，内容包括：
1．课程内容；
2．个人感受。
注意：1．词数80个左右；2．增加细节以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
I’m writing to share with you my experience of taking the Chinese traditional culture practice class in our school.
The course covers a wide range of topics, including calligraphy, paper cutting, Chinese painting, and tea ceremony. Through these courses, I have gained a deeper understanding of Chinese traditional culture and its rich heritage. Not only does it enhance my cultural awareness, but it also provides me with a platform to explore and appreciate the beauty of Chinese traditions.
If you have the opportunity, I would love to show you some of the skills I have learned.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生假定是李华，你们学校开设了中国传统文化实践课。请给你的英国好友Peter写一封邮件，分享你上课的感受。
【详解】1.词汇积累
加强：enhance→strengthen
课程：course→lesson
主题：topic→theme
机会：opportunity→chance
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：The course covers a wide range of topics, including calligraphy, paper cutting, Chinese painting, and tea ceremony. Through these courses, I have gained a deeper understanding of Chinese traditional culture and its rich heritage.
拓展句：The course covers a wide range of topics, including calligraphy, paper cutting, Chinese painting, and tea ceremony, through which I have gained a deeper understanding of Chinese traditional culture and its rich heritage.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m writing to share with you my experience of taking the Chinese traditional culture practice class in our school. (运用了动名词作宾语)
[高分句型2] Not only does it enhance my cultural awareness, but it also provides me with a platform to explore and appreciate the beauty of Chinese traditions. (运用了倒装句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Tom was a skilled teenage surfer. He had always been attracted by the ocean and the challenge of riding its waves. He had trained tirelessly for years, sharpening his skills and perfecting his technique. He had participated in many competitions and won several titles. But one day, his world was turned upside down.
It was a routine training day. While Tom was concentrating on his training in the sea, a shark came in through the broken shark-proof net and approached him. The animal knocked over Tom’s surfboard and bit his right leg, tearing through his flesh (肉体) and causing massive damage. Despite the seriousness of his injuries, Tom was lucky to survive the attack. He was rushed to the hospital, where he received an emergency operation. With the efforts of doctors, his leg was saved.
Tom’s recovery was long and painful, but he refused to give up on his dream of surfing. At first, his progress was slow. He had to learn to walk again, and then to run, and then to jump. Every movement was a struggle. But with the help of his family and friends, as well as his own fierce determination, Tom gradually began to make progress. He spent hours every day in the gym, doing strength and balance exercises to rebuild his body.
Finally, after months of hard work, Tom was ready to get back into the water. His first training was incredibly difficult, as he struggled to overcome his fear of the ocean and the memory of the shark attack. But gradually, he began to regain his confidence and his love for surfing. As his strength and skills returned, Tom set his sights on competing once again. He trained tirelessly, working with a coach to perfect his technique and improve his performance. And finally, the day of the competition arrived.
注意：
1．所续写的短文词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Standing in front of the starting line again, Tom felt nervous．
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Tom fell into the sea．
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Para 1:
Standing in front of the starting line again, Tom felt nervous. The memories of the shark attack flashed through his mind, but he pushed them aside and focused on the task at hand. He took a deep breath and reminded himself of all the hard work he had put in to get to this point. As the starting signal sounded, Tom paddled out to the wave with determination. He felt the familiar rush of adrenaline as he caught the wave and stood up on his surfboard.
Para 2:
Tom fell into the sea. But instead of panicking, he stayed calm and quickly climbed back onto his surfboard. He knew that setbacks were part of the sport and that he couldn't let them discourage him. He paddled back out to the wave and tried again. This time, he rode the wave all the way to the shore, feeling the thrill of victory as he emerged from the water. The crowd cheered as Tom walked up the beach, knowing that he had overcome a huge obstacle and achieved his dream once again.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了汤姆是一个冲浪高手，但是曾经遭遇了鲨鱼袭击。汤姆的康复过程漫长而痛苦，但他拒绝放弃冲浪的梦想。当再一次比赛的时候，汤姆克服了内心的恐惧，实现了他的梦想。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“再次站在起跑线前，汤姆感到紧张。”可知，第一段可描写汤姆紧张的原因以及比赛时的表现。
②由第二段首句内容“汤姆掉进了海里”可知，第二段可描写汤姆战胜了恐惧，实现了梦想。
2.续写线索：感到紧张——专注任务——开始比赛——冷静应对——取得胜利——实现梦想
3.词汇激活
行为类
①集中：focus on/concentrate on
②欢呼：cheer/applause
③实现：achieve/accomplish
情绪类
①使沮丧：discourage/depress
②激动：thrill/excitement
【点睛】[高分句型1] As the starting signal sounded, Tom paddled out to the wave with determination. (运用了as引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] The crowd cheered as Tom walked up the beach, knowing that he had overcome a huge obstacle and achieved his dream once again. (运用了as引导时间状语从句、现在分词作状语和that引导宾语从句)黄山市2023—2024学年度第一学期期末质量检测
高二英语试题
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。答案应写在答题卷上，不能答在试题卷上。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Why does the man talk to the woman
A．To make an invitation． B．To give her advice． C．To check information．
2．What did the man do on Saturday
A．He took a drum lesson． B．He played chess． C．He made a robot．
3．Where are the speakers probably
A．At the train station． B．At the airport． C．At the bus station．
4．Why does Hannah often play ball sports
A．For the exam． B．For good health． C．For pleasure．
5．What did the man enjoy most last night
A．The bread． B．The cookies． C．The pancakes．
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What does the man dislike doing
A．Sweeping the floor． B．Washing the clothes． C．Cleaning the windows．
7．What does the man think of washing the dishes
A．It’s enjoyable． B．It’s boring． C．It’s difficult．
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．How long does the woman want to stay in the hotel
A．For two nights． B．For three nights． C．For four nights．
9．How does the man suggest getting to the city center from the airport
A．By bus． B．By taxi． C．By train．
10．What will the speakers do next
A．Book a flight． B．Search for a hotel． C．Discuss transportation．
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11．What is Steffi going to do on the weekend
A．Tidy up her flat． B．Visit her grandpa． C．Organize a party．
12．Where will Victor go on the weekend
A．The gym． B．The club． C．The stadium．
13．Why is Delbert going to the library
A．To read some stories． B．To finish the project． C．To return a book．
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14．Where did the music producer find Josh
A．At Josh’s school． B．Near his office． C．In a concert hall．
15．How did Josh feel about the sales of his first song
A．Surprised． B．Happy． C．Sad．
16．How often does Josh work on his songs
A．Every day． B．Three times a week． C．Twice a month．
17．What does Josh like doing in his free time
A．Watching TV． B．Playing basketball． C．Hanging out with friends．
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18．What is Lara’s father
A．An engineer． B．A painter． C．A designer
19．Why did Lara decide to draw for video games
A．Their images were terrible．
B．Her teacher advised her．
C．It was highly-paid．
20．What did Lara study at university
A．IT． B．Art． C．Design．
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Four Best Natural Parks in America
Everglades National Park, Florida
Everglades National Park is the largest subtropical (亚热带) wilderness reserve in America. This amazing destination is a 1.5-million-acre ocean of grass which flows gradually from central Florida all the way south to the sea. This makes it -an important habitat for numerous rare and endangered species like manatee, American crocodile, and Florida jaguar.
Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona
Grand Canyon National Park is home to one of the largest canyons in the world. If you visit between mid-May and mid-October, you can see the Canyon from the North Rim. About 90% of all visitors see it from the “South Rim”, because it is open all year and has easy-to-get-to overlooks.
Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky
The caves house 200 animals, most of them being invertebrate (无脊椎) species. 42 of these species live in total darkness. These caves are incredible enough to be featured in Planet Earth——a must-see BBC documentary series.
Olympic National Park, Washington
Olympic National Park has a little bit of everything rugged Pacific coastline, high mountain peaks, broad sandy beaches, clear lakes, rain forests. With such a wide variety of ecosystems, Olympic is one of the most diverse wilderness areas in the United States. The park is an important habitat for species like wild salmon (鲑鱼), northern spotted owls.
Olympic National Park is very large and there are no roads that cross the park. If you visit in April or May, you may see gray whales pass by on their way to Alaska.
1. What animals live in the Everglades National Park
A. Northern spotted owls. B. Invertebrate animals.
C. Gray whales. D. American crocodiles.
2 Which of the following is featured in Planet Earth
A. Grand Canyon National Park. B. Mammoth Cave National Park.
C. Everglades National Park. D. Olympic National Park.
3. What can we know about Olympic National Park
A. It is open all year.
B. It has a rich biodiversity.
C. It is located in the state of Kentucky.
D. It has easy roads for visitors to drive across the park.
B
As I look up at the hundreds of fireworks in the sky, I hear the bells ringing in a small temple welcoming the coming of the Chinese New Year. Though I may not believe in or understand many of the New Year traditions here, the similarities between the coming of this New Year and the beginning of my new life in China are not lost on a big boy like me.
My first few days in China were a cultural shock to say the least. Having arrived late in the semester, I immediately had to begin my beginners’ Chinese classes, along with the newest class of overseas students. Being surrounded by a language that isn’t your own is unbelievably annoying. Due to the picture-based fashion of Chinese writing, it’s not like you can have a guess, or work it out through whatever knowledge you have from other Latin-originated languages. If you don’t know what it says, then that’s it. However, with time passing, I have found myself progressing, though painfully slowly. The first time I called a taxi by myself, the driver actually understood where I wanted to go, which is hugely rewarding. Still it is never long before my lack of language skill is exposed (暴露的) and I come crashing back to earth, usually immediately upon leaving the taxi.
Gaining a language is a huge valuable skill. However it is not the only thing I will gain in China. After this year of learning Chinese, I aim to gain my master’s degree here at University of Jinan. Opportunities do come around rather often: from being offered jobs teaching English, to being asked to appear on game-shows for Shandong TV. So, for now, I am just looking forward to expanding my cultural horizons (眼界) and enjoying my time here. I take some time to get used to everything, but that’s part of the adventure and, most of all, employment. So, much like the Chinese New Year that I am lucky enough to be part of, I am just looking forward to a fresh start and a new journey in China.
4. What can we know about the author from the first two paragraphs
A. He has no interest in Chinese traditions.
B. He knows nothing about the Latin language.
C. His late arrival made him miss beginners’ Chinese classes.
D. The unique way of Chinese writing made him hard to understand Chinese.
5. What does the author want to show through his taxi experience
A. He is poor at using public transport. B. He finds it easy to call a taxi in China.
C. He feels pleased to have made progress in Chinese. D. He is good at chatting with the taxi driver.
6. What is the author’s present expectation
A. To settle down in China. B. To become a famous host on TV.
C. To broaden his cultural horizons. D. To be an excellent teaching assistant.
7. Which can be the best title for the text
A. Exploring Chinese: valuable skills mastered B. Learning Chinese; adventurous but enjoyable
C. Coming to China: more opportunities promised D. Studying in China: challenging but rewarding
C
According to a recent study, consuming three largely comparable meals each day to meet our energy demands may be the most effective method to prevent cognitive (认知的) deterioration. The study finds a link between skipping breakfast and a gradual failure in cognitive health. The study also reveals that eating more calories at one meal than another is not linked to a quick failure in cognitive function, but it does not improve cognition as much as eating balanced three meals daily.
With previous study focusing on how the quality of the food we consume can affect our health, there hasn’t been much research on how our daily energy intake is distributed and how it can affect our cognitive health over the long term, as well as if it might affect our risk of dementia (痴呆).
A recent study, in which the data from the 1997 — 2006 China Health and Nutrition Survey were analyzed, examines the possible impact of various meal schedules on cognitive decline in order to better understand this.
The poll (民意调查) collected submissions from 3,342 persons in China during a ten-year period, and their responses were included in the statistics. The average age was 62. 2, and people were at least 55 years old. The study did not include those who had severe cognitive deterioration.
Each participant underwent a dietary evaluation as well as a phone-based cognitive exam at the beginning of the study period. This test evaluated each person’s ability to recall words quickly and slowly, count backward, and subtract (减) quickly from given numbers.
The findings demonstrate that, in comparison to either less balanced ways of absorbing one’s total caloric intake or less equally distributed ways of ingesting one’s total energy intake, eating three balanced meals each day is related with superior cognitive function.
8. What does the underlined word “deterioration” mean in paragraph 1
A. Increase.
B. Decline.
C. Exchange.
D. Spread.
9. What is the main difference between the recent study and the previous one
A. The contents.
B. The method.
C. The participants.
D The process.
10. How did the researchers do the recent study
A. By doing experiments.
B. By analyzing previous data.
C. By interviewing senior people.
D. By examining people with cognitive disease.
11. Which of the following may contribute to best cognition
A. Skipping breakfast every day.
B. Three balanced meals per day.
C. Hunger-determined food time and amount.
D. A big lunch with a small breakfast and dinner.
D
In a lab in London, newborn chicks took the first steps of their life and might become part of solving one of the brain’s big puzzles. Elisabetta Versace, the lead author of the new study and head of the Prepared Minds Lab at Queen Mary, and her co-workers published their findings on Tuesday in Biology Letters.
In a simple test, researchers placed the downy animals, hatched after less than a day in complete darkness, one at a time into a special box. Two screens on the opposite sides of the box played videos of moving orange balls, one moving upward and the other downward. Over the course of 20 minutes, most of the chicks hesitantly walked over to the end of the box with the upward-moving ball.
Biologists call the mechanisms (生物机制) that assist animals in their earliest moments “evolutionary predispositions (进化倾向)” or “priors”. “Studying how predisposition s work in humans is difficult,” says Elisa Raffalla Ferre, co-author of the new study, as babies take time to develop complex skills. By the time human babies can easily move, they have already spent significant time learning. Chicks, however, can perform relatively complex actions very soon after hatching, which makes them ideal candidates for exploring how predispositions function.
Why this preference for objects that move against gravity exists at all remains unclear. “Going against gravity in a consistent way is associated with animate objects in the ecological world,” Versace says, “because usually you see that water flows down or a rock falls down.” Lifeless objects, on the other hand, are unlikely to move consistently against gravity.
The newly released article is consistent with previous research, according to Orsola Rosa Salva, a comparative psychologist at the University of Trento. What Salva wants to see next in this field are experiments that begin to identify what areas of the brain are active when predispositions are launched, so scientists can better understand how the mechanisms work. Versace hopes that future research can offer insights into the way the brain is organized to make sense of the world.
12. What did the test find out about newborn chicks
A. They liked bright colors. B. They had a poor sense of direction.
C. They preferred rising objects. D. They picked up first steps with difficulty.
13. Why are newborn chicks better subjects for the test than human babies
A. Their mechanisms are more complex.
B. They were already studied more in the past.
C. Their evolutionary predispositions work more effectively.
D. They can exhibit complex behaviors soon after birth.
14. What does Versace say about going against gravity
A. It is common among species in nature. B. It is a natural behavior of living animals.
C. It contributes to the survival of animals. D. It helps newborn animals to learn quickly.
15. What does Salva expect of future experiments
A. They’ll be carried out in the wild. B. They’ll offer detailed workings of the brain.
C. They’ll compare the brains of different species. D. They’ll apply to scientific research in related fields.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Cultural traditions shape who you are. Lear n more about your traditions and how you can preserve them by means of the followings.
Share your culture art.
Each culture is carried by different forms of art. Museums often house items like clothing, music instruments, and visual artworks. However, beyond these exhibits, there exist tools crafted by ancestors, which present the traditions through generations’ wisdom. ____16____
Attend or organize major events.
Your country, religious organizations, or immigrant ethnic groups almost certainly celebrate major holidays or cultural festivals. ____17____ If there aren’t any of those in your area, you can arrange your own events.
Cook family recipes.
Find some recipes from your grandmother’s cookbook. ____18____ As you knead dough (揉面) or follow the right amount of spices, you might remember meals from your childhood or holidays. Cooking your family recipes can help you inherit the family tradition and make it possibly passed down.
Promote your dialects (方言).
Language shapes culture to some degree. Therefore, promoting a dialect contributes to the protection of a certain culture. ____19____ So if you know one of them, help to spread it. With more and more people speaking, these dialects could be successfully preserved before they go extinct.
Spend time with other members of the community.
The best way to preserve your culture is to keep it alive. ____20____ Many aspects of culture are difficult to learn in books and museums, including body language, and humor. But you can get to the core (核心) of the cultural experience through daily communication.
A. Participate to get a broader view of your culture.
B. Culture helps people adapt to the world around them.
C. Smell and taste have powerful connections to memory.
D. Record your family tree with the help of family members.
E. Unfortunately, thousands of dialects are at risk of extinction.
F. Gather as a group not just for holidays, but for ordinary meals or just conversation.
G. The skills involved in shaping a stone tool represent one of the earliest cultural practices.
第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In the summer of 2015, Brian Peterson and his wife, Vanessa, had just moved to Santa Ana, California. One day, Peterson was reading the book Love Does, when his quiet was ____21____ by a homeless man. Encouraged by the book’s sympathetic message, Peterson made an conversation with him, and ____22____ that the man called Merda had moved here to ____23____ a career in music, but he ended up living on the street for years.
“It was the ____24____ thing to me,” Peterson recalled later on the podcast Top Artist. “I saw the ____25____ on the face of a man who hadn’t ____26____ or showered in probably a year. But his story, the life inside of him, ____27____ me.” And even though Peterson, a graduate of the Cleveland Institute of Art, hadn’t ____28____ a paintbrush in about 8 years, he ____29____ himself asking if he could paint Merda’s portrait．
Peterson painted Merda’s portraits, ____30____ his traits and life experiences．____31____, the painting was sold for a few thousand dollars, and the money was put into a “love account” by Peterson for his model. Merda used the funds from his portrait to ____32____ an album, fulfilling his musical dreams.
Peterson’s ____33____ with Merda led him to form Faces of Santa Ana, a nonprofit organization focused on befriending and painting portraits of members of the community who are ____34____. Up till now, with 41 portraits painted and sold, Perterson has helped many people get back on their feet, and established the friendship with someone people might have ____35____.
21.
A. overthrown B. disturbed C. attracted D. tricked
22.
A. learnt B. thought C. proved D. achieved
23.
A. exchange B. receive C. pursue D. grab
24.
A. strangest B. best C. saddest D. brightest
25.
A. ugliness B. guilty C. pride D. beauty
26.
A. spoken B. smiled C. shaved D. slept
27.
A. defeated B. discouraged C. shocked D. inspired
28.
A. picked out B. picked up C. held up D. held out
29
A. found B. saw C. stopped D. required
30.
A. rather than B. according to C. apart from D. along with
31.
A. Hurriedly B. Practically C. Hopelessly D. Fortunately
32.
A. order B. record C. play D. write
33.
A struggle B. argument C. connection D. appointment
34.
A. unhoused B. uncovered C. uneducated D. unsettled
35.
A. valued B. overlooked C. recognized D. respected
第二节语法填空题（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lust for Life (《渴望生活：梵高传》) is a biographical (传记的) novel about the life of the famous Dutch painter Vincent van Gogh．____36____ (write) by US author Irving Stone, this work of historical fiction provides a vivid description of the artist．
The novel traces Van Gogh’s life from his early years in the UK to his final days in France. Stone weaves together historical facts, and ____37____ (imagine) storytelling to create the artist’s journey. The title, Lust for Life, ____38____ (perfect) shows Van Gogh’s enthusiasm both in his art and his life.
____39____ impresses people most in this book is that, ____40____ (add) color to his paintings, Van Gogh would set aside the sketches (素描) to which he had devoted all his efforts and start over．____41____, among the Impressionist of the 19th century, this hardworking painter was still regarded as an abnormal person．
Another strength of Lust for Life lies ____42____ its ability to immerse the readers in the world of 19th century Europe．Its vivid descriptions of the landscapes and cities contribute to a sensory experience that ____43____ (help) the readers better understand the environment where Van Gogh lived．Stone mixes the social and cultural contexts of the era effectively into the book,____44____ (offer) readers a broader perspective on the challenges faced by artists during that period．
In conclusion, this book is a well-deserved _____45_____ (celebrate) of the artist and his spirit of creation．
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你们学校开设了中国传统文化实践课。请给你的英国好友Peter写一封邮件，分享你上课的感受，内容包括：
1．课程内容；
2．个人感受。
注意：1．词数80个左右；2．增加细节以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Tom was a skilled teenage surfer. He had always been attracted by the ocean and the challenge of riding its waves. He had trained tirelessly for years, sharpening his skills and perfecting his technique. He had participated in many competitions and won several titles. But one day, his world was turned upside down.
It was a routine training day. While Tom was concentrating on his training in the sea, a shark came in through the broken shark-proof net and approached him. The animal knocked over Tom’s surfboard and bit his right leg, tearing through his flesh (肉体) and causing massive damage. Despite the seriousness of his injuries, Tom was lucky to survive the attack. He was rushed to the hospital, where he received an emergency operation. With the efforts of doctors, his leg was saved.
Tom’s recovery was long and painful, but he refused to give up on his dream of surfing. At first, his progress was slow. He had to learn to walk again, and then to run, and then to jump. Every movement was a struggle. But with the help of his family and friends, as well as his own fierce determination, Tom gradually began to make progress. He spent hours every day in the gym, doing strength and balance exercises to rebuild his body.
Finally, after months of hard work, Tom was ready to get back into the water. His first training was incredibly difficult, as he struggled to overcome his fear of the ocean and the memory of the shark attack. But gradually, he began to regain his confidence and his love for surfing. As his strength and skills returned, Tom set his sights on competing once again. He trained tirelessly, working with a coach to perfect his technique and improve his performance. And finally, the day of the competition arrived.
注意：
1．所续写的短文词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Standing in front of the starting line again, Tom felt nervous．
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Tom fell into the sea．
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
