2023-2024年度株洲市第十三中学11月期中考试
高一英语
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是 C。
1. What does the woman mean
A. Ann is a teacher.
B. Ann takes a dictionary with her.
C. Ann is quite knowledgeable.
2. Where is Susan now
A. At home. B. In a health club. C. In a library.
3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Doctor and patient. B. Policeman and driver. C. Teacher and student.
4. Why does the man make the phone call
A. To get some information.
B To make an appointment.
C. To cancel a weekend trip.
5. When will the man receive Miss Kelley’s call
A. At about 8:00. B. At about 8:30. C. At about 9:00.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What does the man think of the program
A. It isn’t worth watching. B. It isn’t that bad. C. It is really fantastic.
7. What will the man do tomorrow
A. Go on a business trip. B. Attend a local meeting. C. Stay at home.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What does the man want to do at the bank
A. Pay his bills. B. Check his account. C. Open an account.
9. Why is online banking better according to the woman
A. It’s safer. B. It’s far cheaper. C. It never closes.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10 Why does the woman talk to the man
A. To borrow a disk. B. To get some help. C. To open up a program.
11. What is wrong with the woman’s computer
A. It keeps shutting down.
B. It has a strange sound.
C. It can’t be connected to the Internet.
12. Where will the speakers meet
A. At the man’s home. B. At the woman’s home. C. At the repair store.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why did Danny go to Mexico
A. To learn Spanish. B. To visit his friends. C. To go sightseeing.
14. What did Jason probably think of the study in the school
A. Interesting. B. Challenging. C. Boring.
15. What did Jason and his classmates usually do in the afternoon
A. They took classes.
B. They played on the beach.
C. They explored Mayan sites.
16. How many languages can Jason speak
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Who is the talk mainly for
A. All the students. B. The participants. C. Students’ parents.
18. How long will the sports meeting last
A. Two days. B. Five days. C. Seven days.
19. What should the students lifting the banner do
A. Prepare their own clothes.
B. Meet near the school gate.
C. Get their parents’ agreement.
20. What do we know about the sports meeting
A. There are only 180 participants at the sports meeting.
B. 64 students will not take part in the parade for the ceremony.
C. The participants represent students from over 20 countries.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
This is not a diet. It's a simple way to lose weight. Your don’t have to give up the food you love or join a gym. You just follow some habits thin people have. Keep them, and you'll become thin.
◆Wake-up
When you wake up in the morning, sit up slowly without using your hands. With legs straight out, lean forward (前俯) until you feel sore (酸痛的) in your back. It will use up 10 calories.
◆Start with soup
Order a clear soup, and have it before the main food. In this way, you'll feel fuller, so you’ll eat less when the main food comes.
◆An apple or more a day
Apples are full of fiber (纤维) and water, so your stomach will want less. Studies show that people who eat at least three apples or pears a day may lose weight.
◆Talk it up
Every time you use the cellphone, stand up and walk around. Heavy peoples it on average two and a half hours more each day than thin people. This skill is very important as standing up and walking around will burn up 50 or more calories. Use these skills, and you will have a big weight loss.
1. The text is to encourage you to .
A. go on a diet B. give up your favorite foods
C. join a gym D. follow some habits of thin people
2. Which of the following ways is a good choice to become thin
A. Sit up quickly in the morning. B. Have soup before the main food.
C. Eat rice instead of apples. D. Sit down when using a cellphone.
3. While you are using the cellphone, what you should do to lose weight
A. Stand up and walk around. B. Sit quietly.
C. Lie on the bed. D. Eat an apple.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些实用的减肥技巧：起床时的锻炼、饭前喝汤、多吃苹果、站立打电话。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一自然段“You just follow some habits thin people have. Keep them, and you’ll become thin. (你只需遵循瘦人的一些习惯。坚持下去，你会变瘦的。)”可知，文章主要向读者介绍了一些能够帮助减肥的生活习惯，即遵循瘦人的一些生活习惯，养成这些习惯能够达到减肥的目的。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Start with soup部分“Order a clear soup, and have it before the main food. In this way, you’ll feel fuller, so you’ll eat less when the main food comes. (点一份清汤，在主食前喝。这样，你会觉得更饱，所以当主食上来时，你会吃得更少。)”可知，上主食之前先喝一碗汤会减少人们的饥饿感，进而少吃主食，这是一个减肥的好方法。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Talk it up部分“Every time you use the cell phone, stand up and walk around. Heavy people sit on average two and a half hours more each day than thin people. This skill is very important as standing up and walking around will burn up 50 or more calories. (每次你使用手机时，站起来走动。胖人平均每天比瘦人多坐两个半小时。这项技能非常重要，因为站起来走动会消耗50或更多卡路里。)”可知，接打电话时应起身来回走动，这样可达到减体重的作用。故选A项。
B
To find out how effective language learning applications allow mobile users to study a new language anywhere and anytime, Shawn Loewen, a professor at Michigan State University (MSU), recently conducted a study focusing on a popular language learning app and e-learning platform first launched in 2007, to see if it really worked at teaching a new language.
“Despite the fact that millions globally are already using language learning apps, there is a lack of published research on their effect on speaking skills, ” Loewen said. “Actually there are no other studies that have researched mobile language learning apps in this way. Therefore, this study makes an important contribution to the field. ”
In the study, which is published in Foreign Language Annals, 85 undergraduate students at MSU used the app for 12 weeks to learn Spanish. At the beginning of the study, the students took a pretest to examine their existing oral proficiency (熟练),vocabulary and grammar in Spanish. After 12 weeks, the 54 students who completed all study requirements took the same test again to see how much knowledge they had gained.
The study showed that nearly all the students improved in their Spanish language knowledge and ability to communicate. “The result proves that using the app can advance the development of oral communication skills and not just grammar and vocabulary, as a previous study had shown,” Loewen said.
As one might expect, learning gains were related to the amount of time students used. The more time the learners used, the more progress they made. Also, no matter how convenient and effective a language learning app may be, what might be the most important is that learners stick with it.
4. What can we know about the app mentioned in the text
A. It creates job opportunities for language learners.
B. It conducts e-learning research.
C. It offers language learning.
D. It publishes research results.
5. What does Loewen’s study focus on
A. Speaking. B. Vocabulary.
C. Reading. D. Grammar.
6. How is the study carried out
A. By studying previous studies.
B. By researching applications.
C. By completing interviews.
D. By doing experiments.
7. What is the best title for the text
A. The great importance of foreign languages
B. A study of a language learning app
C. A way to learn a language
D. The importance of learning a language
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。密歇根州立大学Shawn Loewen教授最近对一款语言学习应用程序进行了研究，看看它在教授新语言方面是否真的有效。结果表明，这个应用程序能够促进使用者的口语交际能力的发展，而不仅仅是语法和词汇的发展。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一自然段“Shawn Loewen, a professor at Michigan State University (MSU), recently conducted a study focusing on a popular language learning app and e-learning platform first launched in 2007, to see if it really worked at teaching a new language.(密歇根州立大学教授Shawn Loewen最近进行了一项研究，重点是2007年首次推出的流行语言学习应用和电子学习平台，看看它在教授新语言方面是否真的有效)”可知，文中提到的应用程序提供语言学习。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二自然段““Despite the fact that millions globally are already using language learning apps, there is a lack of published research on their effect on speaking skills, ”… Therefore, this study makes an important contribution to the field. ”(“尽管全球已有数百万人在使用语言学习应用程序，但缺乏关于其对口语技能影响的公开研究……因此，这项研究对该领域做出了重要贡献。”)”可知，Loewen的研究重点是口语。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三自然段“In the study, which is published in Foreign Language Annals, 85 undergraduate students at MSU used the app tor 12 weeks to learn Spanish. At the beginning of the study, the students took a pretest to examine their existing oral proficiency (熟练),vocabulary and grammar in Spanish. After 12 weeks, the 54 students who completed all study requirements took the same test again to see how much knowledge they had gained.(在这项发表在《外语年鉴》上的研究中，MSU的85名本科生使用该应用程序学习了12周的西班牙语。在研究开始时，学生们进行了一次预测试，以检查他们现有的西班牙语口语能力、词汇和语法。12周后，完成所有学习要求的54名学生再次参加了相同的测试，看看他们获得了多少知识)”可知，这个研究是通过做实验来进行的。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一自然段“To find out how effective language learning applications allow mobile users to study a new language anywhere and anytime, Shawn Loewen, a professor at Michigan State University (MSU), recently conducted a study focusing on a popular language learning app and e-learning platform first launched in 2007, to see if it really worked at teaching a new language.(为了了解有效的语言学习应用程序如何让移动用户随时随地学习新语言，密歇根州立大学教授Shawn Loewen最近进行了一项研究，重点是2007年首次推出的流行语言学习应用和电子学习平台，看看它在教授新语言方面是否真的有效)”可知，本文主要介绍了Shawn Loewen教授最近对一款语言学习应用程序进行的研究。故选B。
C
It has been known for a long time that obesity tends to run in families, but it was not until about 20 years ago that scientists started to discover that changes in specific genes can have very large impacts on our weight even from early childhood.
One of these genes MC4R makes a protein that is produced in the brain where it sends signals to our appetite centers, telling them how much fat we have stored. When the MC4R gene does not work properly, our brains think we have lower fat stores than we do, signaling that we are starving and need to eat.
A new study, led by scientists from the University of Cambridge and the University of Bristol, has found that around one in every 340 people may carry a disruptive mutation (变异) at MC4R. People who carry these mutations were more likely to have a greater weight from early childhood and, by 18 years of age, they were on average 17 kg heavier, with the majority of this excess weight likely to be fat.
These results were found by studying the MC4R gene in a random sample of around 6, 000 participants born in Bristol. Whenever a mutation was found, the researchers went on to study its frequency and effects in the laboratory.
Based on the frequency of mutations in this study, it was estimated that around 200, 000 people in the UK carry a substantial amount of unexpected fat because of mutations in MC4R.
Professor Stephen O’Rahilly, one of the researchers, said, “Parents of obese children are often blamed for poor parenting and not all children obtain appropriate professional help. Our findings should encourage a more sympathetic and reasonable approach to overweight children and their families—including genetic analysis in all seriously obese children.”
Though the MC4R gene is a striking example, this is only one gene of many that affect our weight. “In the longer term, knowledge of the brain pathways controlled by MC4R should help in the design of drugs that help restore people to a healthy weight,” Stephen added.
8. What can we know about MC4R gene
A. MC4R gene affects people’s appetite negatively.
B. The mutation of MC4R gene stimulates people’s desire to eat.
C. MC4R is the only gene that contributes to people’s overweight problem.
D. Scientists discovered MC4R could influence people’s weight recently.
9. What does the underlined word “excess” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. proper. B. essential. C. considerable. D. additional.
10. What can we infer from Professor Stephen’s words
A. Parents should be to blame for poor parenting.
B. The obesity problem should be treated fairly and scientifically.
C. New drugs can help overweight children lose much fat in the long run.
D. Knowledge of MC4R should be applied to helping obese children physically and mentally.
11. What is the passage mainly about
A. Suggestions on how to maintain a standard weight.
B. A discussion of British people’s overweight problems.
C. A study about the effect of MC4R’s mutation on weight.
D. The relationship between people’s appetite and MC4R’s mutation.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，MC4R基因的突变可能会对人类的体重产生影响，导致儿童的肥胖问题。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“When the MC4R gene does not work properly, our brains think we have lower fat stores than we do, signaling that we are starving and need to eat.”（当MC4R基因不能正常工作时，我们的大脑认为我们的脂肪储备比我们应该有的低，这表明我们正在挨饿，需要吃东西。）可知，当MC4R基因不能正常工作时，大脑会认为我们的脂肪储备较低，从而刺激我们的食欲，让我们想要吃东西，由此可知，MC4R基因的突变刺激了人们的食欲。故选B项。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在句“People who carry these mutations were more likely to have a greater weight from early childhood and, by 18 years of age, they were on average 17 kg heavier”（携带这些突变基因的人从童年早期就更容易体重超重，到18岁时，他们平均体重超重17公斤）可知，携带这些突变基因的人到18岁时，平均体重超重17公斤，由此可知，画线单词部分指的是“大部分超重可能是脂肪”，“additional”意为“额外的”，能够表达画线单词在句中表达的意思，“additional weight”指超出正常体重的额外的重量，这些重量可能是脂肪。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容“Professor Stephen O’Rahilly, one of the researchers, said, “Parents of obese children are often blamed for poor parenting and not all children obtain appropriate professional help. Our findings should encourage a more sympathetic and reasonable approach to overweight children and their families—including genetic analysis in all seriously obese children.””（研究人员之一Stephen O’Rahilly教授表示：“肥胖儿童的父母往往因糟糕的养育方式被指责，并非所有儿童都能获得适当的专业帮助。我们的发现应该鼓励对超重儿童及其家庭采取更具同情心和更合理的方法，包括对所有严重肥胖儿童进行基因分析。”）可知，Stephen O’Rahilly认为面对超重儿童及其家庭，我们不应该一味的指责家长的养育方式，而是采取更具同情心、更科学和更合理的方法对待肥胖问题，包括对所有严重肥胖儿童进行基因分析，由此可知，我们可以从Stephen教授的话中推断出应该公平、科学地对待肥胖问题。故选B项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读文章，结合第二段关键句“When the MC4R gene does not work properly, our brains think we have lower fat stores than we do, signaling that we are starving and need to eat.”（当MC4R基因不能正常工作时，我们的大脑认为我们的脂肪储备比我们应该有的低，这表明我们正在挨饿，需要吃东西。）可知，文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，MC4R基因的突变可能会对人类的体重产生影响，导致儿童的肥胖问题，“A study about the effect of MC4R’s mutation on weight”意为“关于MC4R基因突变对体重影响的研究”选项能够概括文章主要内容。故选C项。
D
Wall-E, a popular robot from a Pixar film, has been brought to life by scientists in the form of a seed-planting robot. The A’ seedbot could wander around a desert to look for fertile(肥沃) lands. After finding one, it would send a report to researchers about its discovery. The autonomous robot could then change a once-abandoned area into a workable landscape ideal for farming.
Dubai Institute of Design and Innovation graduate Mazyar Etehadi created this robot farmer. It was a part of his graduation project with the Global Grad Show. This event presents solutions that tackle modern issues connected to the environment and society.
Etehadi said that he wished to see more plants and more greenery out there. The fresh graduate added that continuous desertification led him to develop a seed-planting robot. Later, he arrived at an innovative solution that would require less human participation.
According to a recent report, the farmer robot carries solar panels that can be charged even at night or day. In addition, the length of A’ seedbot is estimated to be 20cm long, and it could move within a 5km radius(半径). Etehadi said that it has 3D-printed legs that can travel in sandy areas to seek appropriate moisture(水分) levels. This would be a hint(迹象) for the robot to plant a seed.
Moreover, a distance sensor helps the machine relay reports to its user. The receiver on the other side can use data sent for further research. Additionally, it has a built-in collision(碰撞) avoidance system to help the robot for easy soil detection. “I think it was an easy solution to come up with, but no one had actually thought of it,” Etehadi said. He added that farmers, citizens, farming industries, and the government will benefit from the seed-planting robots.
Regarding these environment-friendly robots, Tadeu Caravieri of Global Grad Show said such creations would continue to appear in future programs. He believes that these robots will have a “big impact”. As another report says, because of those innovative robot designs, the year of AI has clearly arrived in today’s world.
12. Why does the author mention robot Wall-E in paragraph 1
A. To highlight the importance of looking for environment protection.
B. To arouse the interest of the readers.
C. To prove the possibility of finding all fertile lands.
D. To show the popularity of the film.
13. What does the underlined word “tackle” mean in paragraph 2
A. handle. B. prevent. C. strengthen. D. protect.
14. What do we know about the A’ seedbot
A. It is developed by farmers.
B. It solves all the problems existing before.
C. It relies on frequent human participation.
D. It is partly 3D-printed.
15. What can be inferred from the passage about the future of the A’ seedbot
A. Promising. B. Concerning.
C. Unclear. D. Costly.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了A’ seedbot这种机器人，包括它的构成，应用和前景等。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“The A’ seedbot could wander around a desert to look for fertile(肥沃) lands. After finding one, it would send a report to researchers about its discovery. The autonomous robot could then change a once-abandoned area into a workable landscape ideal for farming.(A’ seedbot可以在沙漠中四处游荡，寻找肥沃的土地。在发现一个之后，它会向研究人员发送一份关于其发现的报告。然后，自主机器人可以将一个曾经被遗弃的地区变成一个适合耕种的可行景观)”并结合下文对A’ seedbot的介绍推知，第一段提到皮克斯电影中会播种的机器人Wall-E是为了引起人们对着对这种机器人的兴趣，从而阅读本文。故选B。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线部分所在句子“This event presents solutions that tackle modern issues connected to the environment and society.(该活动提出了tackle与环境和社会相关的现代问题的解决方案)”中的issues猜测，划线词意为“解决”，即解决与环境和社会有关的现代问题。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“Etehadi said that it has 3D-printed legs that can travel in sandy areas to seek appropriate moisture(水分) levels. (Etehadi说，它有3D打印的腿，可以在沙地旅行，以寻求合适的湿度水平)”可知，A’ seedbot的部分零件是3D打印的。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“He believes that these robots will have a “big impact”. As another report says, because of those innovative robot designs, the year of AI has clearly arrived in today’s world.(他认为这些机器人将会带来重大影响。正如另一份报告所说，由于这些创新的机器人设计，人工智能年显然已经来到了当今世界)”推知，A’ seedbot的未来是充满希望的。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There are lots of different diets in our life. Many fat people may wonder what a balanced and healthy diet for weight loss looks like. ____16____
Eat a low-calorie diet. Having a healthy diet for weight loss doesn’t have to be a discouraging experience. ____17____ If you want to lose weight, replace your favorite meals with other things. If you like Italian pasta, for example, try using noodles instead! You will likely cut the calories of that meal in half while still full.
Master blood sugar balance. If you really want to become a fat-burning machine, you must control your blood sugar. ____18____ To become energetic, make sure that you add some protein and proper amounts of fats to each meal. They will keep you feeling good until lunch.
____19____ Starvation (饥饿) diets don’t work. They will leave you hungrier at the end of the day and only slow down your progress. Choose to eat healthy meals! That doesn’t necessarily mean you have to follow the six small meals, but it does mean that you should be careful not to eat so little throughout the day and then eat too much at night.
Track your progress. Psychology plays a huge role in reaching your goals. If you really want to get to where you want to be, it means keeping yourself encouraged. ____20____ This will keep you from getting discouraged and show you how much body fat you are losing.
Making a decision to live a healthier lifestyle is a key part of most people’s life. Take action right now, and you won’t regret it!
A. Keep you hungry.
B. You should eat small meals often.
C. Enjoy all kinds of food without limit.
D. If you want to lose weight, these tips may help you.
E. No one likes walking around on an empty stomach all day.
F. The best way is to track your body fat percentage once a week.
G. To keep it simple, you should avoid food containing much sugar.
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. G 19. B 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍健康均衡的减肥方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“There are lots of different diets in our life. Many fat people may wonder what a balanced and healthy diet for weight loss looks like. (我们的生活中有很多不同的饮食。许多胖子可能会想知道，均衡健康的减肥饮食是什么样子的。)”可知，接下来要介绍均衡健康的减肥饮食是什么样子的。选项D“如果你想减肥，这些建议可能会对你有所帮助。”和上文意思一致。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Having a healthy diet for weight loss doesn’t have to be a discouraging experience. (拥有健康的减肥饮食并不一定是一种令人沮丧的经历。)”可知，这里要解释令人沮丧的经历是什么。选项E“没有人喜欢整天空腹行走。”和上文意思一致。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“If you really want to become a fat-burning machine, you must control your blood sugar. (如果你真的想成为一个脂肪燃烧机器，你必须控制你的血糖。)”可知，接下来要解释如何控制血糖。选项G“简单来说，你应该避免吃含糖太多的食物。”和上文意思一致。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据下文“Starvation (饥饿) diets don’t work. They will leave you hungrier at the end of the day and only slow down your progress. Choose to eat healthy meals! That doesn’t necessarily mean you have to follow the six small meals, but it does mean that you should be careful not to eat so little throughout the day and then eat too much at night. (饥饿节食不起作用。他们会让你在一天结束时更加饥饿，只会减缓你的进度。选择吃健康的食物！这并不一定意味着你必须遵循六顿小餐，但这意味着你应该小心不要一整天吃得太少，然后晚上吃得太多。)”可知，这一段是建议人们要少吃多餐。选项B“你应该经常吃小食。”和下文意思一致。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Track your progress. (跟踪你的进度。)”可知，这一段建议人们要跟踪你的进度。选项F“最好的方法是每周追踪一次你的体脂百分比。”和上文意思一致。故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“Do you need a vase for your purple carnations(康乃馨) ” a gentle voice ____21____ me in my hospital bed. It was one of those few ____22____ moments when no one else was in the room with me and I had slipped into sleep. Usually the room was full of ____23____ and their families.
“Yes, these are from a special friend,” I ____24____ to sit up in spite of my weak body. She was a cleaner and while clearing the desk beside my bed, she ____25____ the flowers. But why would she care And she said purple carnations” ____26____.
I asked her if she likes flowers. Her eyes lit up and she spoke in excited ____27____. She loves flowers so much that every flower in her garden each day gets a special hug and ____28____ from her before she leaves for work. My God! I can’t believe it!
I told her that I’ve been ____29____ a lot of flowers from my relatives and usually I had them delivered to the nurse station. And I decided to give her the purple carnations just because of her ____30____ about flowers
She was in great ____31____. But being the nice person she is, she still tried to ____32____ me to have half of them and she would happily take the rest home. I asked her if she could ____33____ them with others instead. She was doubly happy.
She left, came back and said, “I will be thinking of you whenever I see purple.” I almost ____34____. Such goodwill for something so ____35____ I was really amazed and impressed by this cleaner!
21. A. interrupted B. awoke C. bothered D. surprised
22. A. important B. moving C. rare D. painfu1
23. A. cleaners B. doctors C. nurses D. patients
24. A. managed B. happened C. pretended D. refused
25. A. gave out B. chanced upon C. dealt with D. held back
26. A. specifically B. fluently C. willingly D. brave1y
27. A. dances B. shouts C. whispers D. bursts
28. A. shower B. feed C. bye D. greeting
29. A. buying B. receiving C. requesting D. borrowing
30. A. imagination B. knowledge C. craziness D. opinion
31. A. delight B. panic C. shock D. need
32. A. remind B. inspire C. prepare D. convince
33. A. organize B. plant C. struggle D. share
34. A. laughed B. slept C. choked D. hesitated
35. A. small B. strange C. kind D. unbelievable
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者把住院期间收到的一些康乃馨送给了一位爱花的清洁工的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你的紫色康乃馨需要花瓶吗？”一个温柔的声音吵醒了躺在病床上的我。A. interrupted打断；B. awoke叫醒，唤醒；C. bothered打扰；D. surprised惊讶。根据下文“I had slipped into sleep.”可知，作者正在睡觉时，一个温柔的声音叫醒了作者。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个难得的时刻，房间里没有其他人和我一起，我睡着了。A. important重要的；B. moving令人感动的；C. rare少见的；D. painful疼痛的。根据下文“Usually the room was full of ____3____ and their families.”可知，平时病房里有很多人，而现在是少见的没有其他人的时候。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：通常房间里都是病人和他们家人。A. cleaners清洁工；B. doctors医生；C. nurses护士；D. patients病人。根据下文“and their families.”及常识可知，病房里通常有病人和他们的家人。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“是的，这是我一个特别的朋友送的。”尽管我的身体很虚弱，我还是努力坐了起来。A. managed设法；B. happened发生；C. pretended假装；D. refused拒绝。根据下文“in spite of my weak body.”可知，尽管作者身体虚弱，但他仍然设法坐起来。manage to do sth.意为“设法做某事”，符合语境。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她是一名清洁工，在清理我床边的桌子时，她偶然发现了那些花。A. gave out用尽；B. chanced upon偶然发现；C. dealt with处理；D. held back克制。根据上文“while clearing the desk beside my bed,”及语境可推知，清洁工在整理桌子的时候偶然发现了这些康乃馨。故选B。
26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她特别说了“紫色康乃馨”。 A. specifically具体地；B. fluently流利地；C. willingly乐意地；D. bravely勇敢地。根据上文“Do you need a vase for your purple carnations (康乃馨)？”及语境可知，作者很好奇为什么清洁工会这么在意这些康乃馨，并且还具体地说出“紫色康乃馨”。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她两眼放光，激动地滔滔不绝地说话。A. dances跳舞；B. shouts大喊；C. whispers低语；D. bursts（情感或活动的）突然爆发。根据上文“Her eyes lit up”及语境可知，这位清洁工听到作者问她是否喜欢花后，说了很多关于花的事情。此处表示这位清洁工滔滔不绝地跟作者讲述她对花的喜爱。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她非常喜欢花，每天上班前，她都会给花园里的每一朵花一个特别的拥抱和道别。A. shower淋浴；B. feed饲养；C. bye告别；D. greeting问候。根据下文“before she leaves for work.”可知，这位清洁工会在上班前和她养的花拥抱告别。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我告诉她，我一直收到很多亲戚送花，通常都是我把花送到护士站的。A. buying买；B. receiving收到；C. requesting询问；D. borrowing借来。根据“a lot of flowers from my relatives”可知，作者在住院期间收到了很多亲戚送来的花。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我决定送她紫色康乃馨就是因为她喜欢花。A. imagination想象；B. knowledge知识；C. craziness热爱，狂热；D. opinion观点。根据上文“She loves flowers so much”可知，作者对于清洁工对花的热爱感到吃惊，所以决定把这些康乃馨送给她。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她非常高兴。 A. delight高兴；B. panic惊慌；C. shock震惊；D. need需要。根据下文“She was doubly happy.”及语境可知，作者要送花给清洁工，她非常高兴。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但作为一个好人，她仍然试图说服我留下一半，她很乐意把剩下的带回家。A. remind提醒；B. inspire鼓舞；C. prepare准备；D. convince劝说，说服。根据下文“she would happily take the rest home.”及语境可知，清洁工劝作者留下一半的花，然后自己把剩下的花带走。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我问她是否可以和其他人分享。A. organize组织；B. plant种植；C. struggle努力；D. share分享。根据下文“them with others instead.”可知，作者是想让清洁工分享一些花给其他人。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我几乎说不出话来了。A. laughed大笑；B. slept睡觉；C. choked说不出话，噎住；D. hesitated犹豫。根据语境及下文“I was really amazed”可知，作者对清洁工说的话感到非常惊讶。此处表示作者因感到震惊而说不出话来。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这么小的东西就有这么大的善意？ A. small小的；B. strange奇怪的；C. kind善良的；D. unbelievable难以置信的。根据下文“I was really amazed and impressed by this cleaner!”及语境可知，作者对清洁工说的话感到非常惊讶。作者认为自己微不足道的小举动却收到了清洁工如此大的善意。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
You already know that smoking is bad for you and that drinking too much alcohol may _____36_____(short) your life. Now a new study says that spending too much time in a chair and not having enough sleep should join a short list of behaviors _____37_____ (know) to increase your risk of premature death.
Sitting for a long time and lack of sleep were damaging in their own way, but when combined with more traditional risk factors, _____38_____had a multiplier effect that made an early death far more likely.
The findings, published in the journal PLOS Medicine, make clear that “some risk behaviors tend to come together and _____39_____the joint risk could be much higher than the sum of the individual risks”.
For instance, smoking was the most dangerous risk factor among the six studied. The small number of people for _____40_____smoking was their only bad habit were 90 percent more likely to die during the course of the study than were people with practiced clean living in every aspect. People who reported high alcohol _____41_____ (consume) as their only risk factor did not seem to put their lives in danger. But for those who combined heavy drinking with smoking, the risk of premature death was doubled. And when lack of sleep _____42_____(add) to the mix, the likelihood of an early death was nearly five times _____43_____ (great) even though lack of sleep by itself had only a light effect_____44_____ death.
Considering factors such as age, gender, education and other factors, the researchers saw ______45______ clear pattern. It was a person’s bad lifestyle that contributed to his or her risk of premature death.
【答案】36. shorten
37. known 38. they
39. that 40. whom
41. consumption
42. was added
43. greater
44. on 45. a
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了懒惰和缺乏睡眠会缩短你的寿命，尤其是当两者结合在一起时，风险可能远远高于单个风险的总和。
【36题详解】
考查动词。句意：你已经知道吸烟有害健康，酗酒可能会缩短你的寿命。情态动词may后接动词原形，表示“缩短”用动词shorten。故填shorten。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，一项新的研究表明，花太多时间坐在椅子上而睡眠不足应该加入一个已知会增加过早死亡风险的行为清单。分析句子成分可知，宾语从句的谓语动词为“should join”，所以提示词应为非谓语动词，与逻辑主语a short list of behaviors为动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填known。
【38题详解】
考查代词。句意：久坐和睡眠不足本身就有危害，但当它们与更传统的风险因素结合在一起时，会产生乘数效应，使早死的可能性大大增加。分析句子成分可知，but后的分句中，主句缺少主语，结合句意应为代词they指代前文提到的“Sitting for a long time”和“lack of sleep”。故填they。
【39题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：发表在《公共科学图书馆·医学》(PLOS Medicine)杂志上的研究结果明确指出，“一些风险行为往往会结合在一起，且联合风险可能远远高于单个风险的总和”。分析句子成分可知，动词短语make clear后接了两个宾语从句，第二个宾语从句成分和意义都完整，所以用只起连接作用的that，且不可以省略。故填that。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在研究过程中，一小部分吸烟是唯一坏习惯的人死亡的可能性比在各方面都有实际清洁生活的人高90%。分析句子成分可知，“for_______smoking was their only bad habit”应为定语从句，修饰先行词people，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中充当介词“for”的宾语，应用关系代词whom。故填whom。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：那些将大量饮酒作为唯一风险因素的人似乎并没有将自己的生命置于危险之中。作宾语，表示“饮用”应用名词consumption，不可数。故填consumption。
【42题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：如果再加上睡眠不足，早死的可能性会增加近5倍，尽管睡眠不足本身对死亡的影响很小。分析句子成分可知，空处为时间状语从句的谓语动词，根据主句谓语动词was判断为一般过去时，且主语lack of sleep和add之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态；主语不可数，谓语用was。故填was added。
【43题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意同上。结合上下文语境可知，此处是把睡眠不足导致早死的风险和一般情况作对比，应用great的比较级greater作表语。故填greater。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意同7小题。结合句意表达“对……有影响”应用have an effect on。故填on。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：句意：考虑到年龄、性别、教育程度等因素，研究人员发现了一个清晰的模式。pattern“模式”是可数名词单数形式，此处是泛指，应添加不定冠词，且clear的发音是辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假设你是李华，你的爱尔兰笔友Martin即将作为交换生来你校学习，担心不太适应中国的生活。请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1.表示欢迎；
2.给出建议(至少2条)；
3.表达祝愿。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Martin,
Knowing that you're coming to our school as an exchange student, I'd like to extend our warmest welcome to you.
In your letter you expressed your worries that you might not be able to adapt to Chinese customs. Take it easy; you are not alone. My advice is to stay open-minded when you encounter possible problems. Also, it would be helpful if you read some books about Chinese culture in advance. And remember, I'll always be there for you
Can't wait to see you! Wish you a happy experience!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给笔友Martin写信，欢迎他来中国，并就在中国的生活给他一些建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
表达我们最热烈的欢迎：express our warmest welcome→extend our warmest welcome
遇到：come across→encounter
保持：keep→stay
担心：concerns→worries
2.句型拓展
同义句
原句：Also, it would be helpful if you read some books about Chinese culture in advance.
拓展句：Also, you will find it helpful to read some books about Chinese culture in advance.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Knowing that you're coming to our school as an exchange student, I'd like to extend our warmest welcome to you.运用了现在分词作状语，和that引导的宾语从句。
[高分句型2]In your letter you expressed your worries that you might not be able to adapt to Chinese customs. 运用了that引导同位语从句。
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
There was a rich couple who was throwing a big New Year party at their house. So they went shopping at the market where everything was of high cost and fixed price. They wanted to maintain their level of standard so they didn’t mind paying for it. After purchasing all they needed, they called a porter to carry everything and drop it at their home. The porter who came was of an old age, and looked very unhealthy, and his clothes were torn, and he looked as if he wasn’t even able to meet his daily needs.
They asked the porter about the charges for delivering their goods to their home. The old porter quoted just $20, well below the market price. Yet, the couple argued and bargained with the porter and finally settled for $15. The porter was struggling to make even one time’s meal so he needed anything he could earn.
The couple was very happy thinking how well they bargained with the poor porter and paid him $15 in advance and left after giving the porter their address for delivery. They reached their home and one hour passed, and two hours passed, but the porter still didn’t deliver their stuff.
The wife started to get angry at her husband, “I always tell you not to trust such person, but you never listen to me. I am sure instead of delivering the goods to our home, he must have disappeared with everything. We must immediately go back to the market to inquire and then to the police station to file the complaint against him.”
They both left towards the market. On their way near the market, they saw another porter. They stopped him to inquire about the old porter and noticed that he was carrying their goods in his cart! The angry wife asked him, “Where is that old thief This is our goods and he was supposed to deliver them. It seems you poor thieves are stealing our goods and going to sell them.”
Paragraph 1:
When the porter heard the angry wife asking.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Upon hearing this, the husband had tears in his eyes,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
When the porter heard the angry wife asking, he turned back. The porter replied, “Madam, please calm down. I’m not a thief. That poor old man was sick since last month. He couldn’t earn enough to even have a single meal of the day. Therefore, he fell down and handed me $15, saying, ‘I have taken an advance for this delivery, and you deliver the goods to the couple’s home.’ Madam, he was poor and hungry, but he was an honest man. I was just on the way to completing the old man’s last delivery to your home.”
Paragraph 2:
Upon hearing this, the husband had tears in his eyes, and the wife felt so ashamed that she had no courage to look her husband in the eyes. Suddenly she rushed to the market. Half an hour later, the wife came back with some food in her hand. She passed the food on to the porter, and said sorry to the porter, saying that she shouldn’t suspect them, and took them as thieves. At last, the porter took the goods to their house, and the rich couple changed their attitude to the man like the porter.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。
【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，一对富人夫妇为了准备新年聚会去市场不惜高价买了许多物品，然后雇佣了一个搬运工把这些物品运回家。搬运工是一个年老体弱生活拮据的人，他要价$20低于市场价，而富人夫妇讨价还价后只给$15。富人夫妇高兴地回家等着老人把物品送来，却迟迟不见老人的身影。妻子认为上了老人的当，一定老人把他们的物品卖掉了。回去找老人时却发现他们的物品在另外一个搬运工的车上。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：当搬运工听到生气的妻子问题时……，所以应该写他讲述的实情，老人病了又吃不上饭，这次摔倒了，他把$15给了这个搬运工，请求他把物品送到富人家。第二段开头是：丈夫听了，眼里含着泪水，……。下文应该写富人夫妇被老人感动，行动和态度都发生了改变。
最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右。按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：calm down, taken an advance, Upon hearing, felt ashamed, changed their attitude等高级词汇；Therefore, he fell down and handed me $15, saying, ‘I have taken an advance for this delivery, and you deliver the goods to the couple’s home.’和She passed the food on to the porter, and said sorry to the porter, saying that she shouldn’t suspect them, and took them as thieves.运用了非谓语动词；the wife felt so ashamed that she had no courage to look her husband in the eyes.运用了so……that句型。等高级句式。
听力答案：1-5 CBBAC 6-10 CABCB 11-15 ABCAB 16-20 CBAAC2023-2024年度株洲市第十三中学11月期中考试
高一英语
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是 C。
1. What does the woman mean
A. Ann is a teacher.
B. Ann takes a dictionary with her.
C. Ann is quite knowledgeable.
2. Where is Susan now
A. At home. B. In a health club. C. In a library.
3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Doctor and patient. B. Policeman and driver. C. Teacher and student.
4. Why does the man make the phone call
A. To get some information.
B To make an appointment.
C. To cancel a weekend trip.
5. When will the man receive Miss Kelley’s call
A. At about 8:00. B. At about 8:30. C. At about 9:00.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What does the man think of the program
A. It isn’t worth watching. B. It isn’t that bad. C. It is really fantastic.
7. What will the man do tomorrow
A. Go on a business trip. B. Attend a local meeting. C. Stay at home.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What does the man want to do at the bank
A. Pay his bills. B. Check his account. C. Open an account.
9 Why is online banking better according to the woman
A. It’s safer. B. It’s far cheaper. C. It never closes.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why does the woman talk to the man
A. To borrow a disk. B. To get some help. C. To open up a program.
11. What is wrong with the woman’s computer
A. It keeps shutting down.
B. It has a strange sound.
C. It can’t be connected to the Internet.
12. Where will the speakers meet
A. At the man’s home. B. At the woman’s home. C. At the repair store.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why did Danny go to Mexico
A. To learn Spanish. B. To visit his friends. C. To go sightseeing.
14. What did Jason probably think of the study in the school
A. Interesting. B. Challenging. C. Boring.
15 What did Jason and his classmates usually do in the afternoon
A. They took classes.
B. They played on the beach.
C. They explored Mayan sites.
16. How many languages can Jason speak
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Who is the talk mainly for
A. All the students. B. The participants. C. Students’ parents.
18. How long will the sports meeting last
A. Two days. B. Five days. C. Seven days.
19 What should the students lifting the banner do
A. Prepare their own clothes.
B. Meet near the school gate.
C. Get their parents’ agreement.
20. What do we know about the sports meeting
A. There are only 180 participants at the sports meeting.
B. 64 students will not take part in the parade for the ceremony.
C. The participants represent students from over 20 countries.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
This is not a diet. It's a simple way to lose weight. Your don’t have to give up the food you love or join a gym. You just follow some habits thin people have. Keep them, and you'll become thin.
◆Wake-up
When you wake up in the morning, sit up slowly without using your hands. With legs straight out, lean forward (前俯) until you feel sore (酸痛的) in your back. It will use up 10 calories.
◆Start with soup
Order a clear soup, and have it before the main food. In this way, you'll feel fuller, so you’ll eat less when the main food comes.
◆An apple or more a day
Apples are full of fiber (纤维) and water, so your stomach will want less. Studies show that people who eat at least three apples or pears a day may lose weight.
◆Talk it up
Every time you use the cellphone, stand up and walk around. Heavy peoples it on average two and a half hours more each day than thin people. This skill is very important as standing up and walking around will burn up 50 or more calories. Use these skills, and you will have a big weight loss.
1. The text is to encourage you to .
A. go on a diet B. give up your favorite foods
C. join a gym D. follow some habits of thin people
2. Which of the following ways is a good choice to become thin
A. Sit up quickly in the morning. B. Have soup before the main food.
C. Eat rice instead of apples. D. Sit down when using a cellphone.
3. While you are using the cellphone, what you should do to lose weight
A. Stand up and walk around. B. Sit quietly.
C. Lie on the bed. D. Eat an apple.
B
To find out how effective language learning applications allow mobile users to study a new language anywhere and anytime, Shawn Loewen, a professor at Michigan State University (MSU), recently conducted a study focusing on a popular language learning app and e-learning platform first launched in 2007, to see if it really worked at teaching a new language.
“Despite the fact that millions globally are already using language learning apps, there is a lack of published research on their effect on speaking skills, ” Loewen said. “Actually there are no other studies that have researched mobile language learning apps in this way. Therefore, this study makes an important contribution to the field. ”
In the study, which is published in Foreign Language Annals, 85 undergraduate students at MSU used the app for 12 weeks to learn Spanish. At the beginning of the study, the students took a pretest to examine their existing oral proficiency (熟练),vocabulary and grammar in Spanish. After 12 weeks, the 54 students who completed all study requirements took the same test again to see how much knowledge they had gained.
The study showed that nearly all the students improved in their Spanish language knowledge and ability to communicate. “The result proves that using the app can advance the development of oral communication skills and not just grammar and vocabulary, as a previous study had shown,” Loewen said.
As one might expect, learning gains were related to the amount of time students used. The more time the learners used, the more progress they made. Also, no matter how convenient and effective a language learning app may be, what might be the most important is that learners stick with it.
4. What can we know about the app mentioned in the text
A. It creates job opportunities for language learners.
B. It conducts e-learning research.
C. It offers language learning.
D. It publishes research results.
5. What does Loewen’s study focus on
A. Speaking. B. Vocabulary.
C. Reading. D. Grammar.
6. How is the study carried out
A. By studying previous studies.
B. By researching applications.
C. By completing interviews.
D. By doing experiments.
7. What is the best title for the text
A. The great importance of foreign languages
B. A study of a language learning app
C. A way to learn a language
D. The importance of learning a language
C
It has been known for a long time that obesity tends to run in families, but it was not until about 20 years ago that scientists started to discover that changes in specific genes can have very large impacts on our weight even from early childhood.
One of these genes MC4R makes a protein that is produced in the brain where it sends signals to our appetite centers, telling them how much fat we have stored. When the MC4R gene does not work properly, our brains think we have lower fat stores than we do, signaling that we are starving and need to eat.
A new study, led by scientists from the University of Cambridge and the University of Bristol, has found that around one in every 340 people may carry a disruptive mutation (变异) at MC4R. People who carry these mutations were more likely to have a greater weight from early childhood and, by 18 years of age, they were on average 17 kg heavier, with the majority of this excess weight likely to be fat.
These results were found by studying the MC4R gene in a random sample of around 6, 000 participants born in Bristol. Whenever a mutation was found, the researchers went on to study its frequency and effects in the laboratory.
Based on the frequency of mutations in this study, it was estimated that around 200, 000 people in the UK carry a substantial amount of unexpected fat because of mutations in MC4R.
Professor Stephen O’Rahilly, one of the researchers, said, “Parents of obese children are often blamed for poor parenting and not all children obtain appropriate professional help. Our findings should encourage a more sympathetic and reasonable approach to overweight children and their families—including genetic analysis in all seriously obese children.”
Though the MC4R gene is a striking example, this is only one gene of many that affect our weight. “In the longer term, knowledge of the brain pathways controlled by MC4R should help in the design of drugs that help restore people to a healthy weight,” Stephen added.
8. What can we know about MC4R gene
A. MC4R gene affects people’s appetite negatively.
B. The mutation of MC4R gene stimulates people’s desire to eat.
C. MC4R is the only gene that contributes to people’s overweight problem.
D. Scientists discovered MC4R could influence people’s weight recently.
9. What does the underlined word “excess” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. proper. B. essential. C. considerable. D. additional.
10. What can we infer from Professor Stephen’s words
A Parents should be to blame for poor parenting.
B. The obesity problem should be treated fairly and scientifically.
C. New drugs can help overweight children lose much fat in the long run.
D. Knowledge of MC4R should be applied to helping obese children physically and mentally.
11. What is the passage mainly about
A. Suggestions on how to maintain a standard weight.
B. A discussion of British people’s overweight problems.
C. A study about the effect of MC4R’s mutation on weight.
D. The relationship between people’s appetite and MC4R’s mutation.
D
Wall-E, a popular robot from a Pixar film, has been brought to life by scientists in the form of a seed-planting robot. The A’ seedbot could wander around a desert to look for fertile(肥沃) lands. After finding one, it would send a report to researchers about its discovery. The autonomous robot could then change a once-abandoned area into a workable landscape ideal for farming.
Dubai Institute of Design and Innovation graduate Mazyar Etehadi created this robot farmer. It was a part of his graduation project with the Global Grad Show. This event presents solutions that tackle modern issues connected to the environment and society.
Etehadi said that he wished to see more plants and more greenery out there. The fresh graduate added that continuous desertification led him to develop a seed-planting robot. Later, he arrived at an innovative solution that would require less human participation.
According to a recent report, the farmer robot carries solar panels that can be charged even at night or day. In addition, the length of A’ seedbot is estimated to be 20cm long, and it could move within a 5km radius(半径). Etehadi said that it has 3D-printed legs that can travel in sandy areas to seek appropriate moisture(水分) levels. This would be a hint(迹象) for the robot to plant a seed.
Moreover, a distance sensor helps the machine relay reports to its user. The receiver on the other side can use data sent for further research. Additionally, it has a built-in collision(碰撞) avoidance system to help the robot for easy soil detection. “I think it was an easy solution to come up with, but no one had actually thought of it,” Etehadi said. He added that farmers, citizens, farming industries, and the government will benefit from the seed-planting robots.
Regarding these environment-friendly robots, Tadeu Caravieri of Global Grad Show said such creations would continue to appear in future programs. He believes that these robots will have a “big impact”. As another report says, because of those innovative robot designs, the year of AI has clearly arrived in today’s world.
12. Why does the author mention robot Wall-E in paragraph 1
A. To highlight the importance of looking for environment protection.
B. To arouse the interest of the readers.
C. To prove the possibility of finding all fertile lands.
D. To show the popularity of the film.
13. What does the underlined word “tackle” mean in paragraph 2
A. handle. B. prevent. C. strengthen. D. protect.
14. What do we know about the A’ seedbot
A. It is developed by farmers.
B. It solves all the problems existing before.
C. It relies on frequent human participation.
D. It is partly 3D-printed.
15. What can be inferred from the passage about the future of the A’ seedbot
A. Promising. B. Concerning.
C. Unclear. D. Costly.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There are lots of different diets in our life. Many fat people may wonder what a balanced and healthy diet for weight loss looks like. ____16____
Eat a low-calorie diet. Having a healthy diet for weight loss doesn’t have to be a discouraging experience. ____17____ If you want to lose weight, replace your favorite meals with other things. If you like Italian pasta, for example, try using noodles instead! You will likely cut the calories of that meal in half while still full.
Master blood sugar balance. If you really want to become a fat-burning machine, you must control your blood sugar. ____18____ To become energetic, make sure that you add some protein and proper amounts of fats to each meal. They will keep you feeling good until lunch.
____19____ Starvation (饥饿) diets don’t work. They will leave you hungrier at the end of the day and only slow down your progress. Choose to eat healthy meals! That doesn’t necessarily mean you have to follow the six small meals, but it does mean that you should be careful not to eat so little throughout the day and then eat too much at night.
Track your progress. Psychology plays a huge role in reaching your goals. If you really want to get to where you want to be, it means keeping yourself encouraged. ____20____ This will keep you from getting discouraged and show you how much body fat you are losing.
Making a decision to live a healthier lifestyle is a key part of most people’s life. Take action right now, and you won’t regret it!
A. Keep you hungry.
B. You should eat small meals often.
C. Enjoy all kinds of food without limit.
D. If you want to lose weight, these tips may help you.
E. No one likes walking around on an empty stomach all day.
F. The best way is to track your body fat percentage once a week.
G. To keep it simple, you should avoid food containing much sugar.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“Do you need a vase for your purple carnations(康乃馨) ” a gentle voice ____21____ me in my hospital bed. It was one of those few ____22____ moments when no one else was in the room with me and I had slipped into sleep. Usually the room was full of ____23____ and their families.
“Yes, these are from a special friend,” I ____24____ to sit up in spite of my weak body. She was a cleaner and while clearing the desk beside my bed, she ____25____ the flowers. But why would she care And she said purple carnations” ____26____.
I asked her if she likes flowers. Her eyes lit up and she spoke in excited ____27____. She loves flowers so much that every flower in her garden each day gets a special hug and ____28____ from her before she leaves for work. My God! I can’t believe it!
I told her that I’ve been ____29____ a lot of flowers from my relatives and usually I had them delivered to the nurse station. And I decided to give her the purple carnations just because of her ____30____ about flowers
She was in great ____31____. But being the nice person she is, she still tried to ____32____ me to have half of them and she would happily take the rest home. I asked her if she could ____33____ them with others instead. She was doubly happy.
She left, came back and said, “I will be thinking of you whenever I see purple.” I almost ____34____. Such goodwill for something so ____35____ I was really amazed and impressed by this cleaner!
21. A. interrupted B. awoke C. bothered D. surprised
22. A. important B. moving C. rare D. painfu1
23. A. cleaners B. doctors C. nurses D. patients
24. A. managed B. happened C. pretended D. refused
25. A. gave out B. chanced upon C. dealt with D. held back
26. A. specifically B. fluently C. willingly D. brave1y
27. A. dances B. shouts C. whispers D. bursts
28. A. shower B. feed C. bye D. greeting
29. A. buying B. receiving C. requesting D. borrowing
30. A. imagination B. knowledge C. craziness D. opinion
31. A. delight B. panic C. shock D. need
32. A. remind B. inspire C. prepare D. convince
33. A. organize B. plant C. struggle D. share
34. A. laughed B. slept C. choked D. hesitated
35. A. small B. strange C. kind D. unbelievable
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
You already know that smoking is bad for you and that drinking too much alcohol may _____36_____(short) your life. Now a new study says that spending too much time in a chair and not having enough sleep should join a short list of behaviors _____37_____ (know) to increase your risk of premature death.
Sitting for a long time and lack of sleep were damaging in their own way, but when combined with more traditional risk factors, _____38_____had a multiplier effect that made an early death far more likely.
The findings, published in the journal PLOS Medicine, make clear that “some risk behaviors tend to come together and _____39_____the joint risk could be much higher than the sum of the individual risks”.
For instance, smoking was the most dangerous risk factor among the six studied. The small number of people for _____40_____smoking was their only bad habit were 90 percent more likely to die during the course of the study than were people with practiced clean living in every aspect. People who reported high alcohol _____41_____ (consume) as their only risk factor did not seem to put their lives in danger. But for those who combined heavy drinking with smoking, the risk of premature death was doubled. And when lack of sleep _____42_____(add) to the mix, the likelihood of an early death was nearly five times _____43_____ (great) even though lack of sleep by itself had only a light effect_____44_____ death.
Considering factors such as age, gender, education and other factors, the researchers saw ______45______ clear pattern. It was a person’s bad lifestyle that contributed to his or her risk of premature death.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假设你是李华，你的爱尔兰笔友Martin即将作为交换生来你校学习，担心不太适应中国的生活。请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1.表示欢迎；
2.给出建议(至少2条)；
3.表达祝愿。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
There was a rich couple who was throwing a big New Year party at their house. So they went shopping at the market where everything was of high cost and fixed price. They wanted to maintain their level of standard so they didn’t mind paying for it. After purchasing all they needed, they called a porter to carry everything and drop it at their home. The porter who came was of an old age, and looked very unhealthy, and his clothes were torn, and he looked as if he wasn’t even able to meet his daily needs.
They asked the porter about the charges for delivering their goods to their home. The old porter quoted just $20, well below the market price. Yet, the couple argued and bargained with the porter and finally settled for $15. The porter was struggling to make even one time’s meal so he needed anything he could earn.
The couple was very happy thinking how well they bargained with the poor porter and paid him $15 in advance and left after giving the porter their address for delivery. They reached their home and one hour passed, and two hours passed, but the porter still didn’t deliver their stuff.
The wife started to get angry at her husband, “I always tell you not to trust such person, but you never listen to me. I am sure instead of delivering the goods to our home, he must have disappeared with everything. We must immediately go back to the market to inquire and then to the police station to file the complaint against him.”
They both left towards the market. On their way near the market, they saw another porter. They stopped him to inquire about the old porter and noticed that he was carrying their goods in his cart! The angry wife asked him, “Where is that old thief This is our goods and he was supposed to deliver them. It seems you poor thieves are stealing our goods and going to sell them.”
Paragraph 1:
When the porter heard the angry wife asking.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Upon hearing this, the husband had tears in his eyes,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案：1-5 CBBAC 6-10 CABCB 11-15 ABCAB 16-20 CBAAC
