北师大版（2019） 必修 第三册一轮复习课时学案（3单元打包）

续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀
1.(事件描写)(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)Then Jeff noticed steam shooting out of the pot and the lid starting to shake.The next minute，the porridge boiled over and put out the fire.2.(动作描写)(2020·浙江卷)We yelled at the bear，hit pots hard，and fired blank shotgun shells into the air.3.(心理描写)(2020·浙江卷)Heart in mouth，I reached the fence and looked over. (2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)David had not missed a single practice，and although he always finished his run long after the other children，he did always finish.As a special education teacher at the school，I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.
核心单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.automatic adj.自动的；无意识的2.evidence n．证据，证明3.unlikely adj.不大可能的4.unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的，不了解的5.beyond prep.超出……范围6.sufficient adj.充足的7.approach n．方法8.context n．上下文；语境；背景9.promote vt.促进，增进10.emotional adj.情感上的；情绪上的11.flexible adj.灵活的，可变通的12.acquire vt.学习，获得(知识，技能)13.sharp adj.急剧的，猛烈的；尖的，锋利的14.timely adj.适时的，及时的15.technique n．技巧，手法16.identical adj.完全相同的；非常相似的 1.There is strong evidence(evident) of a link between exercise and a healthy heart.2.We will be exploring different approaches (approach) to gathering information.3.Being back with their family should provide emotional (emotion) stability for the children.4.First，choose the hand you often use so that you can apply it flexibly (flexible).5.They have begun dialogues to promote (promote) better understanding between both communities.6.Reading is a complex information process during which one acquires (acquire) language information.7.A workman must sharpen (sharp) his tools if he is to do his work well.8.The artist combines different techniques (technique) in the same painting.
派生单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.reflect vi.&vt.仔细思考；表达(意见)；反映→reflection n．映像；反射；思考2.assume vt.认为；假定，假设→assumption n．假定；假设→assumed adj.假设的；假定的3.argue vi.争论，争吵→argument n．争论，争吵4.simple adj.简单的；朴素的；易于理解的→simply adv.仅仅，只→simplify vt.使简化→simplified adj.简化了的5.arrange v．计划；安排→arrangement n．计划；安排6.excite vt.使兴奋；使激动→exciting adj.令人兴奋的；令人激动的→excited adj.兴奋的；激动的→excitement n．兴奋，激动7.exist vi.存在；实际上有→existence n．存在；生活8.ignore vt.忽视；置之不理→ignorance n．无知；愚昧→ignorant adj.无知的；愚昧的9.expose vt.使接触；使体验→exposure n．暴露；面临 1.Jim had a huge argument with his sister last night，who argued that Jim had stolen her money.(argue)2.I carried the small lantern and walked along the river.The light was reflected in the river.The reflection looked so beautiful.(reflect)3.He assumed that your assumptions were all wrong，including this one.(assume)4.This book is a simplified version，which explains grammar simply and clearly.(simple)5.He has arranged everything for our trip to Europe.I fully agree to the arrangement and take delight in it.(arrange)6.The man was excited at the exciting news that his son was admitted to Peking University.(excite)7.His skin was exposed in the sun so frequently that the exposure eventually led to his health problem.(expose)
高频短语 语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
1.brush up (on) 温习，复习2.reflect on思考3.argue with争吵4.end up doing最后；最终5.in short总而言之；简单地说6.at the heart of...在……的中心7.be honoured to do sth.很荣幸做某事8.in one way or another不管怎样9.as a result作为结果10.take it easy放轻松11.get in the way妨碍，阻碍12.look up查找13.in terms of在……方面14.what's more而且15.make the best use of充分利用 1.The start of a new year is a good time to reflect on the many achievements of the past.2.If you fool about with matches，you'll end up getting burned.3.She was surrounded by doctors，lawyers，housewives—people，in short，like herself.4.The distinction between right and wrong lies at the heart of all questions of morality.5.Can you look up the opening times on the website？6.Just take it easy and tell us what happened.7.In terms of extra staff—how many will we need？
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
1.部分否定But this isn't always true. 世界并不总是如我们所愿。The world is not always what we wish it to be.
2.祈使句＋and＋陈述句Be flexible in your opinions and you might end up agreeing with the speaker/writer after all. 快点，你就会赶上那班公共汽车。Hurry up，and you will catch the bus.
3.状语从句的省略That is to say，most of us will have to make an effort when trying to remember things. 她在沿着河堤走时唱着一首流行歌曲。While walking along the river bank，she was singing a pop song.
1　approach [课本义]n.方法[增补义]n.接近；路径v.接近，靠近；接洽；着手处理
①At the class meeting，they worked out three different approaches to the study of geometry.
②They have a special approach to bringing(bring) up their children.
With the examination approaching(随着考试的临近)，many students are becoming increasingly nervous.
◎approach sth./sb.接近某物/某人
◎an approach to (doing) sth.(做)某事的方法/途径；接近，靠近
with...approaching在……快到的时候
take a different approach to the problem采用另一种方法来解决这一问题
approach the end of the year 接近年末
2　reflect vi.& vt.[课本义]仔细思考； 表达(意见)；反映[增补义]反射；显示
①As the small boat moved gently along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected(reflect) in the water.
②She was extremely pretty，and her house was a reflection (reflect) of herself，everything in good taste and in perfect order.
Our newspaper aims to reflect the views of the local community(表达当地人的心声)．
◎reflect...in...在……中映出……的影像
reflect on/upon sth.反省/认真思考某事
◎reflection n．反射；反映；映像；沉思；思考
on reflection再三考虑
reflect on my own decision反思自己的决定
the face was reflected in the mirror脸映照在镜子里
3　argue [课本义]vi.争论，争吵[增补义]vt.证明；表明
①They argued for the right to strike.
②It's no use arguing about the question with him for he won't change his opinion.
③They argued him into cycling(cycle) instead of driving there.
④Few people can argue against the need for improved quality of life.
⑤No one can get the better of her in an argument(argue)．
I argued with him about it the whole day(关于这件事我和他争论了一整天)but failed to convince him.
◎argue with sb.about/over sth.与某人争论某事
argue for/against sth.为支持/反对某事而辩论
argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事
◎argument n．理由；论据；争论
argue them into changing their plan说服他们改变计划
argue for the right to be educated据理力争受教育的权利
4　assume vt.[课本义]认为；假定，假设[增补义]承担(责任)
①It is assumed (assume) that there is a direct link between smoking and lung cancer.
②We assume him to be(be) innocent before hearing the evidence against it.
③Assuming(assume) the house is for sale，would you buy it
④A lot of people make the assumption(assume) that poverty only exists in the Third World.
(普通表达)If our plan is turned down，we will put forward the alternative one.
(高级表达)Assuming that our plan is turned down，we will put forward the alternative one.
◎assume＋n.＋(to be)n./adj.认为……是……
It is (generally) assumed that...人们(普遍)认为……
◎assumption n．假定；假设
make assumptions about...假定……
◎assuming (that)...＝supposing (that)...假定……
assume him to be honest以为他是诚实的
always assume the worst总往最坏处想
be based on a false assumption基于错误的设想
5　exist vi.[课本义]存在；实际上有[增补义]生活，生存
①Scientists are trying their best to save white naped cranes from going out of existence(exist)．
②His family had great difficulty existing on the limited money his father earned during his childhood.
③Moreover，the parking place for bikes was an existing(exist) problem for a long time in our school.
The tradition of celebrating the Spring Festival came into existence more than 4，000 years ago(四千多年前就开始存在了)．
◎exist in存在于……之中
exist on＝live on靠……为生
There exist...有……，存在……
◎existence n．存在；生存
in existence存在
out of existence消失
come into existence出现，产生
bring...into existence使……出现/产生
cannot exist without air没有空气就不能生存
exist on such a small income靠这点收入生活
6　recommend vt.推荐；建议
①My English teacher recommended buying (buy) an English Chinese dictionary which he thought would be of great help to my studies.
②I recommend you to think (think) very carefully before you do anything foolish.
我们建议你早点儿预订航班。
①We recommend that you (should) book your flight early．(用that从句)
②We recommend you to book your flight early．(用不定式),
◎向某人推荐某物
recommend sb.for...推荐某人做(某职位)
recommend sb.as...推荐某人为……
◎recommend doing sth.建议做某事
recommend sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事
recommend that sb.(should)do建议……(从句用虚拟语气)
recommend an experienced English teacher to me给我推荐一位经验丰富的英语老师
recommend you to avoid processed foods
建议你不要食用加工的食品
7　arrangement n．[课本义]计划；安排[增补义]筹备(常用复数形式)
①Welcome to our school and we have made an arrangement for you，my dear friends.
②The professor arranged for a student to meet(meet) his new partner at the subway station，who was unfamiliar with our city.
Will you please inform me of your plan in advance，so that I can make arrangements for your visit accordingly(以便我能为你的造访做相应地安排)？,
◎make arrangements/an arrangement for...
为……做安排
◎arrange v．筹备；安排；整理
arrange to do sth.安排去做某事
arrange for sb.to do sth.安排某人做某事
arrange for a car to collect us from the airport安排一辆轿车到机场接我们
express their dissatisfaction with the arrangement对这一安排表达他们的不满
8　expose vt.[课本义]使接触；使体验[增补义]暴露
①Many people in China have limited exposure(expose) to English.That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
②If exposed (expose) to the outside surroundings，they'll be stronger and better prepared for their future.
③Don't expose yourself to great danger when you're alone.
Having been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age(从小就接触国外的老师)，I can communicate freely with others in English.
◎expose...to...使……接触……
expose oneself to...使自己暴露于……
be exposed to 遭受到；(使)接触到
◎exposure n．暴露；揭露
want to expose the kids to as much art and culture as possible想让孩子们受到尽可能多的艺术和文化的熏陶
a direct correlation between exposure to sun and skin cancer暴露在太阳下与皮肤癌直接相关
expose a set of amazingly white teeth露出一口雪白的牙齿
9　end up doing 最后；最终
①It is possible that one day we will end up with a disability.
②They win no one's trust and will end up having(have)no friends at all.
③Stop spending so fast，or you'll end up as a beggar.
While studying，fix your mind on what is really important，or you will end up remembering nothing (你最后什么都记不住)．
end up in结果为……；最终会……
end up with以……结束，以……告终
end up as最后成为
come to an end结束
put...to an end＝put an end to使……结束
end up with sweet dreams最后进入甜美的梦乡
end up feeling like a winner终会觉得自己像一个胜利者
10　work out [课本义]弄懂某事物；计算出[增补义]制定出；锻炼身体；成功地发展
①Let's be practical and work out the cost first.
②I leave my little son with Mom when I'm at work.
③Information about the job market can be a lifeline for those who are out of work.
I believe that you can work out this problem by yourself(自己能做出这道题)．
work at致力于
work on努力改善或完成
be out of work失业
at work在工作
work out as planned按计划进行
work out at a gym twice a week一周去健身房锻炼两次
11　be based on... 以……为根据
①Your grade will be based on four papers and a final exam.
②Hospitals lack even basic (base) drugs for surgical operations.
③There have been some problems but basically (base) it's a good system.
这部小说是她根据真实的故事写成的。
①The novel is based on a true story by her.
②Based on a true story，the novel is written by her.
③Basing on a true story，she writes/wrote the novel.
◎base n．基础；以……为根据；根基；底座；源泉vt.以……为据点(或总部等)；把(总部等)设在
base...on/upon...把……建立在……；以……为根据
◎basis n．基础；原因；基准，准则
on the basis of...在……的基础上
◎basic adj.基础的；基本的
basically adv.基本上，大体上
a movie based on a real life incident一部以真实事件为蓝本的电影
based on emotion rather than rational thought基于情感而不是理性的思考
12　fit in 融入；相适应
①He tried to fit in with the others，but it was difficult.
②You don't know what he did! He's not fit to be(be) president!
③I recognize that I am not fit for the job.
①His plans to take his vacation early in August fit in with mine(与我的计划相符合)．
②Generally speaking，she's not quite fit for this kind of work(她不太适合做这种工作)．
◎fit in with sb./sth.与……合得来；适应
fit sth.to sth.使……与……相符
fit up安装；安放
◎be fit to do sth.适合做某事
be fit for胜任；适合
keep fit保持健康
fit in with your arrangements 和你的安排不冲突
fit in with the other people与其他人合得来
13　[教材原句]Be flexible in your opinions and you might end up agreeing with the speaker/writer after all.在你的观点上灵活些，最终，你也许会同意说话人或是作者的观点。
①Hurry up，or/otherwise you will not be able to catch the first bus.
②One more minute，and I will finish my paper.
再给我一个小时，我就会完成工作。
Give me one more hour，and I'll get the work finished.
◎祈使句＋and＋陈述句，表示如果做了祈使句表示的内容，就会有后面句子表示的结果。
◎祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陈述句，表示如果不做祈使句表示的内容，就会有后面句子表示的结果。
Work hard and you will succeed sooner or later.努力工作你迟早会成功。
14　[教材原句]Yet，there are some people who do have amazing memories.然而，有些人确实有着惊人的记忆力。
①I do sincerely hope that you can take my application into account at your earliest convenience.
②To our joy，he did manage to finish the task ahead of schedule.
Don't blame him—he did at least write to say thank you(他至少确实写了信道谢)．
“do/does/did＋动词原形”构成强调句，意为“确实；的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但须符合以下两个条件：
①句子是肯定句；
②句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。
I did visit you on that stormy night，but you weren't at home，which made me very worried.在那个暴风雨的夜晚我确实去看望你了，但你没在家，这令我很担心。
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．The solution they proposed was a reflection(reflect) of their attitude to disposable packaging.
2．The peasants depend on a good harvest for their very existence (exist)．
3．If you are not contented with our arrangements(arrangement)，please tell us so that we can adjust them timely.
4．He is not fit to do (do) the work，as he is too old.
5．Assuming(assume) it's possible，how much information can we send
6．Now look at a few of them and some basic(base) examples of using them.
7．A workman must sharpen(sharp) his tools if he is to do his work well.
8．If you are free on Friday，we recommend visiting(visit) the national museum.
9．Exposed(expose) to wind and rain for many years，the quotes on the headstone are hard to read.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．The most effective approach to global warming is to cut back on the discharge of carbon dioxide.
2．It is generally assumed that deserts can be transformed into forests if people plant more trees annually.
3．She was left to reflect on the implications of her decision.
4．They argued with each other about the best place for a holiday.
5．She recommended this movie to anyone with an interest in the subject.
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．What worried the officials was that they found the pollutants in the river difficult to remove(remove)．
2．One of the first questions they attempted to answer(answer) was where does stability come from
3．The results I have seen show an impressive(impress) and rapid impact on health outcomes.
4．Abuse can lead to both psychological and emotional(emotion) problems.
5．The two sets of figures are not significantly (significant) different.
6．Forgive my ignorance (ignore)，but what exactly does the company do
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．Whenever I feel nervous about a match，the coach will tell me to take it easy.
2．Have you come up with some ideas？If so，please put up your hands.
3．As a result of the heavy fog，all flights have been delayed.
4．The exercise was too difficult，which is beyond the abilities of most of the class.
5．She grew many wonderful plants that were unfamiliar to me.
Ⅰ.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)As the small boat moved gently along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. B
A．表达　　　B．映出(影像)　　　C．仔细思考
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)“Nicolo，”whose real name cannot be exposed to the public because of Italy's privacy laws，finished working the whole night at a factory in Turin. A
A．暴露　　　　B．揭露　　　　C．使面临
3．(2017·浙江卷)The governments argue that this will help foreigners better join the society and promote understanding across cultures. C
A．争论　　　　B．证明　　　　C．论证
Ⅱ.长难语句(分析句子的结构并将句子翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings，but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution...
本句是一个并列句，为not...but rather...的并列结构，前半句的主干为The set of speech sounds...has not necessarily remained stable，后半句的主干为the huge variety of speech sounds...is the product of...。
[尝试翻译]自从人类出现后，我们使用的这些语音并不是一成不变的。相反，我们今天发现的多种多样的语音正是多种事物如生物变化与文化演变相互交织、相互作用的产物……
2．(2022·全国甲卷)This indicates that Goffin's cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space，similar to two year old babies.
句中that引导宾语从句；do强调谓语动词possess；when moving objects in space为时间状语从句的省略形式。
[尝试翻译]这表明戈芬氏凤头鹦鹉在空间中移动物体时，确实拥有一种非中心的参照系，类似于两岁的婴儿。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
Anyone can be an active learner if he/she trains 1.actively (active)．Active learners don't pay too much attention 2.to the inner voice because it can stop them from fully 3.understanding(understand) what they're hearing or reading.4.To be(be) an active learner，you can also react to your inner voice，for example，arguing with your inner voice，and questioning your point of view.Be flexible in your opinions and you might end up 5.agreeing(agree) with the speaker/writer after all.Ask as many questions as you can because the answers will lead you to 6.further(far) learning，and the way of working out questions will help you 7.to achieve (achieve) a higher level of understanding about the topic.Don't accept everything you learn and try to find the 8. truth(true) at the heart of each idea so you can understand why people believe this.Finally，don't let your feelings get in the way when you're learning.Even if you cannot help 9.disliking(dislike) some people，you may still be able to learn 10.from them.
Step 1.要点提示(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)
①吉姆和鲍勃是双胞胎，今天上午因为谁应该干家务活而争论起来。
Jim and Bob，who are twins，argued with each other about who should do the housework this morning.
②他们争论得如此激烈以至于最后都打起来了。
They argued so fiercely that they ended up fighting．
③妈妈弄懂为什么会发生这样的事后，批评了他们并告诉他们要多考虑别人。
After their mother worked out why this had happened，she criticized them and told them to think more of others.
④他们都承认了自己的错误，并和好了。
They both admitted their mistakes and made peace with each other.
Step 2.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
Jim and Bob，who are twins，argued with each other about who should do the housework this morning.They argued so fiercely that they ended up fighting.
After their mother worked out why this had happened，she criticized them and told them to think more of others.As a result，they both admitted their mistakes and made peace with each other.
Step 1.储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
情感描写 动作描写 环境描写
excitement n．兴奋，激动take it easy放轻松be honoured to do sth.很荣幸做某事 reflect on思考argue with争吵ignore vt.忽视；置之不理expose vt.使接触；使体验 subway n．(美)地铁worldwide adj.& adv.遍及世界的；在全世界helicopter n．直升机
Step 2.尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段)
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。
琳达躺在床上，还在想那天发生的一切。她感到很荣幸能被邀请乘坐直升机飞越城市上空。她假装很镇静，但她那不自觉颤抖的手暴露了她的兴奋和紧张。她希望其他人会忽略这一点，但一个英俊的男孩告诉她要放轻松。太尴尬了！
Lying on the bed，Linda was still reflecting on everything that happened that day.She felt honoured to be invited to take a helicopter above the city.She pretended to be calm，but her automatically trembling hands exposed her excitement as well as nervousness.She hoped others would ignore this，but a handsome boy told her to take it easy.How embarrassed!(共99张PPT)
教材知识讲练
必修第三册
UNIT 7　ART
1.(动作描写)(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)They put some rice into a pot of water and left it to boil while they made the French toast.Jeff broke two eggs into a plate and added in some milk.
2.(心理描写)(2020·天津卷)Jones was shocked when she said that she didn't actually mind being cheated.
3.(人物描写)(2021·南通市模拟)When he was a kitten，the size of a small loaf of bread，he had slept in shoeboxes.
续写语料积累 背诵·句之美
(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children，but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid.He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing.That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team.
续写语料积累 欣赏·语之秀
语基自查自测·巩固验收
01
1.________ adj.有才能的；有天资的
2.____ n.(圆)点；斑点；污渍
3.________vi.犹豫；踌躇
4.______ n.人像，人形；数字
5._____ adj.脏的；凌乱的
6.________ adv.精神上；心理上
7.______ n.主管；负责
核心单词
talented
spot
hesitate
figure
messy
mentally
charge
8.__________ n.敬佩；羡慕
9.__________ n.允许；许可
10.__________ n.展出(会)，展览
11.______ vt.影响
12._____ vt.导致，引起；使发生n.原因；事业
13.__________ adv.忠诚地，忠实地
14.__________ n.个人，个体
15._________ adv.当前；现时
核心单词
admiration
permission
exhibition
affect
cause
faithfully
individual
currently
1.Lucy answered my question without __________(hesitate).
2.After returning home she held solo ___________(exhibition) many times in Shanghai.
3.If something _______ (affect) a person or thing，it influences them or causes them to change in some way.
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
hesitation
exhibitions
affects
4.You use cause and effect to talk about the way in which one thing ________(cause) by another.
5.The school strives to treat pupils as ___________(individual) and help each one to achieve their full potential.
6.We can have a picnic in the park，but we have to get __________ (permit)from our parents first.
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
is caused
individuals
permission
1.perform vi.&vt.表演；演出→_________ n.表演者；演奏者；演员→___________ n.表演；演出
2.fail vi.失败；未能做；不及格→_______ n.失败的事；失败
3.refer v.提到；谈到→_________ n.提及；参考；查阅
4.mystery n.神秘→__________ adj.神秘的；难以解释的
5.respond vi.& vt.回应，回复→________ n.回应，回复
派生单词
performer
performance
failure
reference
mysterious
response
6.punish v.处罚；惩罚→__________ adj.可依法惩处的→__________ n.处罚；惩罚
7.joy n.高兴，愉快，乐事→______ adj.欢乐的，令人愉快的→______adj.快乐的，高兴的
8.current adj.当前的 n.水流；电流→_________ adv.当前，现时→________n.货币
派生单词
punishable
punishment
joyous
joyful
currently
currency
9.accept v.接受，接纳→__________ adj.可接受的→__________ n.接受，接纳
10.appreciate vt.感激；欣赏→____________ n.感激；欣赏→____________ adj.欣赏的；感激的
11.express v.表达，表示→__________ adj.富于感情的；明确表露想法的→__________ n.表达；表情
派生单词
acceptable
acceptance
appreciation
appreciative
expressive
expression
1.None of the students _________ to her question；in other words，her question failed to get a ________ from any of the students.(respond)
2.On the phone，he ________ to the _________ book that he lent to you yesterday.(refer)
3.The audience present at the concert sing high praise for his ___________；in other words，he is a good _________．(perform)
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
responded
response
referred
reference
performance
performer
4.Though I ______，I didn't lose heart，because I know _______ is the mother of success.(fail)
5.In the letter，he thanked me for my ____________ his work and my ____________ made him confident again.(appreciate)
6.My______childhood made me ______in those old days.(joy)
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
failed
failure
appreciating
appreciation
joyous
joyful
7.I sent them more than 6，000 cartoons before I had my one and only __________ by them，which I don't think is __________．(accept)
8.The ________ we _________ use is not US dollars.(current)
9.Every word and gesture he _________ then was __________ of the artist's sincerity.(expression)
10.___________ is given to those things that are __________．(punish)
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
acceptance
acceptable
currency
currently
expressed
expressive
Punishment
punishable
1.let out a scream 发出尖叫声
2.refer to 提到
3.not hesitate to do sth. 毫不犹豫做某事，尽管做某事
4.take charge of 负责
5.a series of 一系列的
6.as for 至于
7.be regarded as 被认为是
高频短语
8.give up 放弃
9.at the bottom of 在……的底部
10.after all 毕竟
11.jump to one's feet 跳起来
12.be fond of 喜爱
13.in addition 此外
14.in total 总计
高频短语
1.She was greatly frightened after hearing a frightening cry，and then she _______ frightened ______.
2.The teacher __________ in my last letter has gone abroad.
3.At first she tried to ____________ the meeting but I soon put her in her place.
语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
let out a
scream
referred to
take charge of
4.The training programme takes the form of _________ workshops.
5.______ his job—well，he was very mysterious about it.
6.He suffered a serious injury that obliged him to ______ work.
7.________，45 percent of the adults in that area are exposed to tobacco smoke at home.
语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
a series of
As for
give up
In total
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
1.wish从句虚拟语气
I wish I knew more about them. 你希望有个更好的工作吗？
Do you wish _________________
2.独立主格结构
But Beethoven continued conducting，his head buried in the score. 任务圆满完成，我们被嘉奖。
____________________，we were given a prize.
you had a better job
The task well finished
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
3.“not...until...”的强调句式
It was not until Caroline Unger，one of the singers，took his arm and turned him to face the audience that the great man realised his symphony was a success. 直到昨天，我们才知道此事。
___________________________ we knew about it.
It was not until yesterday that
考点探究归纳·多维讲练
02
词法探究
句法探究
1　performance n.[课本义]表演；演出[增补义]表现；执行，履行
练中回想——语法填空
①The teacher was very pleased with the ___________(perform) of the children.
②Alex and Andy _________(perform) skilfully and they won first prize.
③She was the only _________(perform) and I was the only audience.
performance
performed
performer
完美写作——完成句子
Some talented students and music teachers will ____________________
______________________(在音乐节期间进行表演)．
put on performances
during the music festival
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎perform vi.& vt.表演；演出
perform one's promise履行诺言
◎give/put on a performance演出
◎performer n.表演者；演奏者；演员
语料输入——必备素材
perform an operation/a play/an experiment进行手术/演一场戏/做实验
a grand performance of firework at New Year's Eve除夕壮观的烟火表演
2　figure [课本义]n.人像，人形；数字[增补义]n.身材；人物v.计算；认为
练中回想——语法填空
①How does she manage to keep ___ (she) figure when she eats so much
②How do you figure ___ what you want to see
③We figure on your ______ (come) early to help us.
her
out
coming
完美写作——完成句子
It took us approximately one hour ______________________________
(弄清楚如何找到回家的路)．
to figure out how to find the way home
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎figure out弄明白；计算
figure on计划；打算；指望；估计到
figure sth.in将某物包括/计算在内
◎keep one's figure保持身材
语料输入——必备素材
figure out how to start the equipment搞清楚如何启动设备
take pride in your health and your figure为你的健康和体型感到自豪
3　affect vt.[课本义]影响[增补义]感动；(疾病)侵袭；使感染
练中回想——语法填空
①Use the applicator to apply cream to the ________(affect) area.
②She tried to ensure her _________(affect) was equally shared among all three children.
affected
affection
完美写作——心理描写续写佳句
________________________(深深地被那部电影所感动)，we couldn't hold back tears.
Deeply affected by the film
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎be affected by受…… 的影响；被……所感动
be affected with感染…… 疾病
◎affection n.喜爱
语料输入——必备素材
think of him with affection很想念他
have badly affected employment in the area严重影响了这个地区的就业
4　spot [课本义]n.(圆)点；斑点；污渍[增补义]n.地点，现场 vt.发现；注意到
练中回想——语法填空
①The desks in the classroom were all spotted ____ ink.
②The police spotted him _______(drive) a stolen car.
③This will put him __ the spot and will not do anything to improve your chances.
with
driving
on
完美写作——完成句子
They stayed at several of the island's _______________(最著名的旅游景点)．
top tourist spots
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎spot sb.doing sth.发现某人在做某事
be spotted with散布；点缀
◎on the spot当场；在现场
put sb.on the spot使某人尴尬或为难
语料输入——必备素材
be covered with spots of mud满是泥点
be on the spot within minutes很快到达现场
visit a tourist spot参观旅游胜地
5　struggle [课本义]n.奋斗 vi.奋斗，拼搏[增补义]v.抗争；挣扎
练中回想——语法填空
①The children talked so loudly at the dinner table that I had to struggle _________(hear)．
②During the three years of senior high school，I struggled ___ an acceptable score in English.
to be heard
for
完美写作——动作描写续写佳句
After having a short rest，_____________________________________
(他深吸了一口气，挣扎着站了起来)．
he took a deep breath and struggled to his feet
练后归纳——搭配拓展
struggle to do...努力做…… ；挣扎着做……
struggle against/with同…… 作斗争
struggle with...for...为争取…… 而与…… 作斗争
struggle to one's feet挣扎着站起来
语料输入——必备素材
a country struggling for independence为独立而奋斗的国家
the struggle between good and evil善恶之争
6　hesitate vi.犹豫；踌躇
练中回想——语法填空
①After passing the college entrance examination，I am now hesitating _____ which university and major to choose.
②Seeing people's sufferings of the flooded area，he had no _________
(hesitate) in contributing a large sum of money.
about
hesitation
完美写作——动作描写续写佳句
When hearing someone crying for help，he rushed to the lake like an arrow and _____________________________(毫不犹豫地跳了进去)．
jumped into it without hesitation
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎hesitate to do sth.迟疑做某事；不愿做某事
hesitate about/at/over...对……犹豫不决
◎hesitation n.犹豫
without hesitation毫不犹豫地
have no hesitation in doing sth.毫不犹豫地做某事
语料输入——必备素材
agree to do it without hesitation一口应承下来做这件事
Do not hesitate to ask any question.尽可提问，请不要犹豫。
7　charge [课本义]n.主管；负责[增补义]vt.收费，要价；指控；充电；猛冲
练中回想——语法填空
①John will take charge __ the next meeting.
②The job is in ___ charge of an experienced mechanic.
③Recently some officials have been charged ____ a lot of crimes.
of
the
with
完美写作——一句多译
他被指控偷了她的钱包。
①He ______________ stealing her wallet.(charge)
②He ____________ stealing her wallet.(accuse)
was charged with
was accused of
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎charge sb.money for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而收某人的钱
charge sb.with sth.因……指控某人
◎in charge of负责，掌管某事
in the charge of...被……负责/掌管
take charge of接管，控制
free of charge免费的(地)
语料输入——必备素材
take charge of the class接管这个班级
charge him money for repairing his bike 收取他修自行车的费用
8　appreciate vt.感激；欣赏
练中回想——语法填空
①I appreciate __________(give) this opportunity.
②We really appreciated __ when she offered to help.
③He expressed his ____________(appreciate) for their help.
完美写作——完成句子
____________________ (我将不胜感激) if you paid in cash.
being given
it
appreciation
I would appreciate it
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎appreciate doing...感激……
I would appreciate it if...如果……我将不胜感激。
◎appreciation n.欣赏；感激；感谢
语料输入——必备素材
appreciate someone's concern/support感谢某人的关心/支持
appreciate what you have珍惜你拥有的
appreciate being invited to the party感激被邀请参加聚会
9　let out a scream 发出尖叫声
练中回想——语法填空
①Open the window and let some fresh air __．
②I don't want to let my parents _____．
③He did not have enough money to have the tire patched up，let _____ buy a new one.
in
down
alone
完美写作——完成句子
The figure's mouth is wide open and _________________________(发出有力的呐喊)．
letting out a powerful scream
练后归纳——搭配拓展
let down使失望
let alone更不用说，更别提
let in让……进来，放进
let go of放开，释放；松手
语料输入——必备素材
be careless to let out the secret不小心泄露了秘密
have this skirt let out 把这条裙子加大
10　refer to [课本义]提到[增补义]与……相关；涉及；查阅；参考；移交
练中回想——语法填空
①My doctor referred me __ a specialist.
②This typical sleep pattern is usually referred to __ the “night owl” schedule of sleep.
③There is no direct _________(refer) to her own childhood in the novel.
to
as
reference
完美写作——完成句子
You had better study the example and__________________________(参考下面的解释)．
refer to the explanation below
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎refer sb./sth.to sb./sth.将……送交给……(以求获得帮助等)；归功于/归咎于
refer to...as...把……称作……
◎reference n.提到；参考；查阅；查询
reference books参考书
make reference to提及
语料输入——必备素材
refer to the notes查阅笔记
refer to global warming提到全球气候变暖
11　[教材原句]I wish I knew more about them.我希望我更多地了解它们。
练中回想——语法填空
①I wish I _____(know) his address.
②I wish you ________(come) to my birthday party yesterday.
knew
had come
完美写作——心理描写续写佳句
①I stood there awkwardly，with my face blushing._________________
_____________________ (我多么希望地板上有一个裂缝)so that I could hide myself in it.
②______________________________________________(我真希望我没有把教室弄得乱七八糟)，so you wouldn't have criticized by the teacher.
How I wished there
were a crack in the floor
I really wish I hadn't made the classroom out of order
练后归纳——搭配拓展
wish后跟宾语从句，常常表示一种假设。
wish后宾语从句中的谓语形式如下：
◎did/were (表示与现在事实相反的愿望)；
◎had done/been (表示与过去事实相反的愿望)；
◎would/could＋动词原形(表示与将来事实相反的愿望)。
语料输入——必备素材
I really wish I had superb medical skills and can cure all the diseases of the world.我真的希望我有高超的医术，能医治好世界上所有的疾病。
12　[教材原句]But Beethoven continued conducting，his head buried in the score.但是贝多芬把头埋在乐谱里，继续指挥。
练中回想——语法填空
①The guide _______ (lead) the way，we had no trouble getting out of the forest.
②The task _________ (complete)，we had a global traveling.
③Such an able man ______ (help) you，you will surely succeed sooner or later.
leading
completed
to help
完美写作——句式升级
(普通表达)He was listening attentively in class，and his eyes were fixed on the blackboard.
(高级表达)He was listening attentively in class，__________________
___________．(独立主格结构)
his eyes fixed on the
blackboard
练后归纳——搭配拓展
独立主格结构通常由“名词/代词＋动词-ing形式/过去分词/不定式/形容词/副词/介词短语”构成，通常用来表原因、条件、方式、伴随、时间等，在句中通常起状语作用，有时还可以作定语。动词-ing形式表示主动意义；过去分词表示被动意义或动作已完成；不定式表示尚未发生或将要发生的动作。
语料输入——必备素材
The whole mountain is covered with green and vigorous trees，some trees even having a history of thousands of years.整个大山长满了翠绿苍劲的大树，有些树甚至已有数千年的历史。
13　[教材原句]It was not until Caroline Unger，one of the singers，took his arm and turned him to face the audience that the great man realised his symphony was a success.直到其中一位歌手卡罗琳·昂格挽起他的手臂，让他面对观众，这位伟人才意识到他的交响乐是成功的。
练中回想——语法填空
It was not until then ____ I really realized the value of friendship.
完美写作——句式升级
(普通表达)He didn't consider having a holiday abroad until he retired from teaching three years ago.
①(高级表达)Not until he retired from teaching three years ago _________________________________．(倒装句)
②(高级表达)_______________________________________________
_____ he considered having a holiday abroad.(强调句)
that
did he consider having a holiday abroad
It was not until he retired from teaching three years ago
that
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎not ...until ... 直到……才……
◎“not ...until ...”句型的强调句式为“it is/was not until ...that ...”。
◎在“not ...until ...”句型结构中，如not until置于句首，主句主谓用部分倒装。
语料输入——必备素材
I didn't recognize her until she took off her dark glasses./ Not until she took off her dark glasses did I recognize her./It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized her.直到她摘下墨镜，我才认出她来。
三层固基达标训练
03
层级一
层级二
层级三
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．The children's ___________ (perform) gave the elders a lot of pleasure last week.
2．It's true that many animals shed tears，especially in ________ (respond) to pain.
3．It's illegal to read people's private letters without __________ (permit)．
performance
response
permission
4．Looking through the window，she suddenly _______ (spot) a boat moving towards the bank.
5．How I wish I ________(be) able to say the rules without a mistake at that time.
6．Don't hesitate ________ (make) comments or suggestions if you have any.
7．We shall play the match tomorrow，weather __________ (permit)．
8．The young boy struggled _________ (support) his poverty-stricken family.
spotted
had been
to make
permitting
to support
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．These protestants were marching in the street ____ the police arrived and broke them up.
2．Tu Youyou referred __ medical literature to find potential recipes for malaria.
when
to
3．A few years ago John took charge __ the company instead of his brother.
4．Some villagers were affected ____ the severe disease and died in horror.
5．The workers struggled ___ better pay and better conditions.
6．I would appreciate __ if you could do me a favor to carry the box into my room.
of
with
for
it
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．The scandal surely _______ (signal) the end of his political career.
2．I just felt I had been a _______(fail) in my personal life.
3．He is ________ (talent) for singing，so he is well known for his wonderful voice.
signals
failure
talented
4．He was surprised at the news that the amateur athlete beat the ____________ (profession) one who ranked top ten.
5．By no means is punishment a wise choice to help them grow up ________ (mental) and physically.
6．Mark was dragged from the _______(burn) wreckage of his car.
7．Now he _________ (regard) as the current leader's natural successor.
8．He is said _______ (write) another novel about the same theme next year.
professional
mentally
burning
is regarded
to write
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．She responded __ my letter with a phone call.
2．He gave __ his studies and went on the stage.
3．An old man standing under a tree signaled __ me to pull alongside the road.
4．The artist held __ exhibition of his works last month.
5．Its mission is to engage __ research and development in education.
to
up
to
an
in
Ⅰ.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2021·全国甲卷)It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes，score clothes from your friends，and have a party all at the same time. __
A．得分　　　B．编总谱　　　　C．获得
C
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. __
A．色度　　　　B．(画的)阴影部分　　　　C．阴凉处
3．(2020·天津卷)Making a full-length clay(黏土) figure would not exhaust my strength—and that is what I intend to do！ __
A．数字　　　　B．塑像　　　　C．人形
A
B
Ⅱ.长难语句(分析句子的结构并将句子翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)More than 30 years ago，the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals，such as “f”and “v”，were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods.
化繁为简　本句第一个that引导____从句，宾语从句的主语为speech sounds，谓语为were，其中called labiodentals为过去分词短语作speech sounds的后置定语，such as“f”and“v”为插入语，对labiodentals进行补充说明。第二个that引导____从句，修饰先行词societies。
[尝试翻译]30多年前，学者查尔斯·霍克特指出，被称为唇齿音的语音，如“f”和“v”，在吃较软食物的社会的语言中更为常见。
宾语
定语
2．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned(对齐)，making it hard to produce labiodentals，which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth.
化繁为简　本句主语为They，谓语为discovered，that引导宾语从句，making...为动词-ing短语作____，which引导非限制性____从句，修饰先行词labiodentals。
[尝试翻译]他们发现古人类成年人的上下门牙是对齐的，很难发出唇齿音，因为发出唇齿音时，上牙需要碰触到下嘴唇。
状语
定语
三维提能培优训练
04
维度一
维度二
维度三
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
In June 1889，Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night at a home for the 1.________ (mental)ill，which shows the night sky 2.____ circles of white and yellow.Some experts think Van Gogh's mental illness may affect his sense of sight.Nowadays，the painting is not a failure 3.___ one of the world's most famous 4._________(painting)．
mentally
with
but
paintings
Edvard painted The Scream in 1893.It is 5.________(strike) that it shows a thin figure with an expression of fear，6._____ mouth is letting out a 7.________(power) scream.
The Empire of Light is among a series of paintings by René Magritte，who was a painter 8.________(inspire) by his thoughts and ideas.His paintings were visual experiments as he tried to play with reality.Different people show different 9._________(react) to the paintings.Some think they look dark and 10._________(trouble) but others find them calming.
striking
whose
powerful
inspired
reactions
troubling
Step 1.要点提示(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)
①贝多芬被公认为音乐史上最伟大的作曲家之一。
Beethoven _____________________________________ in the history of music.
is regarded as one of the greatest composers
②20多岁时，他开始失聪，但他没有放弃并且创作了一些令人惊叹的作品，包括九首交响乐。
______________，he began to ______________，but he didn't ______ and produced some amazing pieces，including nine symphonies.
③在他表演第九交响乐之前，贝多芬担心这场演出会成为一场灾难。
Before performing his ninth symphony，Beethoven _____________ the performance would be a disaster.
In his twenties
lose his hearing
give up
was afraid that
④当贝多芬走上舞台时，观众毫不犹豫地鼓掌欢呼。
The audience _______________________ as Beethoven walked out onto the stage.
⑤他和迈克尔·奥姆洛夫一起指挥乐队。一个多小时以来，贝多芬在管弦乐队前跳来跳去，在空中疯狂地挥舞着双臂，疯狂地翻着乐谱。
He and Michael Umlauf ____________ the orchestra，in front of which he jumped about more than an hour，waving his arms wildly in the air，and ______________________________．
did not hesitate to applaud
took charge of
madly turning the pages of his score
⑥随着标志着交响乐结束的欢快的音符，观众们激动地跳起来。
As the joyous note ____________________________，all the audience _________________ excitedly.
signalled the end of the symphony
jumped to their feet
Step 2.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
Beethoven is regarded as one of the greatest composers in the history of music.In his twenties，he began to lose his hearing，but he didn't give up and produced some amazing pieces，including nine symphonies.Before performing his ninth symphony，Beethoven was afraid that the performance would be a disaster.
However，the audience did not hesitate to applaud as Beethoven walked out onto the stage.He and Michael Umlauf took charge of the orchestra，in front of which he jumped about more than an hour，waving his arms wildly in the air，and madly turning the pages of his score.As the joyous note signalled the end of the symphony，all the audience jumped to their feet excitedly.
Step 1.储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
情感描写
broad smile满面的笑容
joyous adj.欢乐的，令人愉快的
appreciate vt.感激；欣赏
动作描写 环境描写
perform vi.& vt.表演；演出
let out a scream发出尖叫声
struggle vi.奋斗，拼搏
respond vi.& vt.回应，回复
hesitate vi.犹豫；踌躇 starry adj.布满星星的
burning adj.燃烧着的
messy adj.脏的；凌乱的
Step 2.尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段)
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。
汤姆在今晚举行的戏剧演出中表现得很好。他满面笑容，在星空下走回家。那是一个欢乐的夜晚。突然，他听到有人发出了一声尖叫。他看到了一所燃烧的房子！他毫不犹豫地冲过去，对着窗户大声喊叫，但没有人回应。他闯进了房子，在那里他发现一个女孩躺在地板上。他抱起那个女孩，挣扎着逃离房子。那女孩非常感激汤姆的救助。尽管自己衣服脏兮兮，汤姆却感到非常自豪。
Tom performed well in the drama held tonight.With a broad smile，he went home under the starry sky.It was a joyous night.Suddenly，he heard someone let out a scream.He saw a burning house！He didn't hesitate to rush to it and shouted into the window，but no one responded.He broke into the house，where he spotted a girl lying on the floor.Lifting the girl，he struggled to escape from the house.The girl appreciated Tom's rescue greatly.In spite of his messy clothes，Tom felt extremely proud.续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀
1.(动作描写)(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)They put some rice into a pot of water and left it to boil while they made the French toast.Jeff broke two eggs into a plate and added in some milk.2.(心理描写)(2020·天津卷)Jones was shocked when she said that she didn't actually mind being cheated.3.(人物描写)(2021·南通市模拟)When he was a kitten，the size of a small loaf of bread，he had slept in shoeboxes. (2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children，but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid.He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing.That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross country team.
核心单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.talented adj.有才能的；有天资的2.spot n．(圆)点；斑点；污渍3.hesitate vi.犹豫；踌躇4.figure n．人像，人形；数字5.messy adj.脏的；凌乱的6.mentally adv.精神上；心理上7.charge n．主管；负责8.admiration n．敬佩；羡慕9.permission n．允许；许可10.exhibition n．展出(会)，展览11.affect vt.影响12.cause vt.导致，引起；使发生n.原因；事业13.faithfully adv.忠诚地，忠实地14.individual n．个人，个体15.currently adv.当前；现时 1.Lucy answered my question without hesitation(hesitate).2.After returning home she held solo exhibitions(exhibition) many times in Shanghai.3.If something affects (affect) a person or thing，it influences them or causes them to change in some way.4.You use cause and effect to talk about the way in which one thing is caused(cause) by another.5.The school strives to treat pupils as individuals(individual) and help each one to achieve their full potential.6.We can have a picnic in the park，but we have to get permission (permit)from our parents first.
派生单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.perform vi.&vt.表演；演出→performer n．表演者；演奏者；演员→performance n．表演；演出2.fail vi.失败；未能做；不及格→failure n．失败的事；失败3.refer v．提到；谈到→reference n．提及；参考；查阅4.mystery n．神秘→mysterious adj.神秘的；难以解释的5.respond vi.& vt.回应，回复→response n．回应，回复6.punish v．处罚；惩罚→punishable adj.可依法惩处的→punishment n．处罚；惩罚7.joy n．高兴，愉快，乐事→joyous adj.欢乐的，令人愉快的→joyful adj.快乐的，高兴的8.current adj.当前的 n．水流；电流→currently adv.当前，现时→currency n．货币9.accept v．接受，接纳→acceptable adj.可接受的→acceptance n．接受，接纳10.appreciate vt.感激；欣赏→appreciation n．感激；欣赏→appreciative adj.欣赏的；感激的11.express v．表达，表示→expressive adj.富于感情的；明确表露想法的→expression n．表达；表情 1.None of the students responded to her question；in other words，her question failed to get a response from any of the students.(respond)2.On the phone，he referred to the reference book that he lent to you yesterday.(refer)3.The audience present at the concert sing high praise for his performance；in other words，he is a good performer．(perform)4.Though I failed，I didn't lose heart，because I know failure is the mother of success.(fail)5.In the letter，he thanked me for my appreciating his work and my appreciation made him confident again.(appreciate)6.My joyous childhood made me joyful in those old days.(joy)7.I sent them more than 6，000 cartoons before I had my one and only acceptance by them，which I don't think is acceptable．(accept)8.The currency we currently use is not US dollars.(current)9.Every word and gesture he expressed then was expressive of the artist's sincerity.(expression)10.Punishment is given to those things that are punishable．(punish)
高频短语 语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
1.let out a scream发出尖叫声2.refer to提到3.not hesitate to do sth.毫不犹豫做某事，尽管做某事4.take charge of负责5.a series of一系列的6.as for至于7.be regarded as被认为是8.give up放弃9.at the bottom of在……的底部10.after all毕竟11.jump to one's feet跳起来12.be fond of喜爱13.in addition此外14.in total总计 1.She was greatly frightened after hearing a frightening cry，and then she let out a frightened scream.2.The teacher referred to in my last letter has gone abroad.3.At first she tried to take charge of the meeting but I soon put her in her place.4.The training programme takes the form of a series of workshops.5.As for his job—well，he was very mysterious about it.6.He suffered a serious injury that obliged him to give up work.7.In total，45 percent of the adults in that area are exposed to tobacco smoke at home.
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
1.wish从句虚拟语气I wish I knew more about them. 你希望有个更好的工作吗？Do you wish you had a better job
2.独立主格结构But Beethoven continued conducting，his head buried in the score. 任务圆满完成，我们被嘉奖。The task well finished，we were given a prize.
3.“not...until...”的强调句式It was not until Caroline Unger，one of the singers，took his arm and turned him to face the audience that the great man realised his symphony was a success. 直到昨天，我们才知道此事。It was not until yesterday that we knew about it.
1　performance n．[课本义]表演；演出[增补义]表现；执行，履行
①The teacher was very pleased with the performance(perform) of the children.
②Alex and Andy performed(perform) skilfully and they won first prize.
③She was the only performer(perform) and I was the only audience.
Some talented students and music teachers will put on performances during the music festival(在音乐节期间进行表演)．
◎perform vi.& vt.表演；演出
perform one's promise履行诺言
◎give/put on a performance演出
◎performer n．表演者；演奏者；演员
perform an operation/a play/an experiment进行手术/演一场戏/做实验
a grand performance of firework at New Year's Eve除夕壮观的烟火表演
2　figure [课本义]n.人像，人形；数字[增补义]n.身材；人物v.计算；认为
①How does she manage to keep her (she) figure when she eats so much
②How do you figure out what you want to see
③We figure on your coming (come) early to help us.
It took us approximately one hour to figure out how to find the way home(弄清楚如何找到回家的路)．
◎figure out弄明白；计算
figure on计划；打算；指望；估计到
figure sth.in将某物包括/计算在内
◎keep one's figure保持身材
figure out how to start the equipment搞清楚如何启动设备
take pride in your health and your figure为你的健康和体型感到自豪
3　affect vt.[课本义]影响[增补义]感动；(疾病)侵袭；使感染
①Use the applicator to apply cream to the affected(affect) area.
②She tried to ensure her affection(affect) was equally shared among all three children.
Deeply affected by the film(深深地被那部电影所感动)，we couldn't hold back tears.
◎be affected by受…… 的影响；被……所感动
be affected with感染…… 疾病
◎affection n．喜爱
think of him with affection很想念他
have badly affected employment in the area严重影响了这个地区的就业
4　spot [课本义]n.(圆)点；斑点；污渍[增补义]n.地点，现场 vt.发现；注意到
①The desks in the classroom were all spotted with ink.
②The police spotted him driving(drive) a stolen car.
③This will put him on the spot and will not do anything to improve your chances.
They stayed at several of the island's top tourist spots(最著名的旅游景点)．
◎spot sb.doing sth.发现某人在做某事
be spotted with散布；点缀
◎on the spot当场；在现场
put sb.on the spot使某人尴尬或为难
be covered with spots of mud满是泥点
be on the spot within minutes很快到达现场
visit a tourist spot参观旅游胜地
5　struggle [课本义]n.奋斗 vi.奋斗，拼搏[增补义]v.抗争；挣扎
①The children talked so loudly at the dinner table that I had to struggle to be heard(hear)．
②During the three years of senior high school，I struggled for an acceptable score in English.
After having a short rest，he took a deep breath and struggled to his feet(他深吸了一口气，挣扎着站了起来)．
struggle to do...努力做…… ；挣扎着做……
struggle against/with同…… 作斗争
struggle with...for...为争取…… 而与…… 作斗争
struggle to one's feet挣扎着站起来
a country struggling for independence为独立而奋斗的国家
the struggle between good and evil善恶之争
6　hesitate vi.犹豫；踌躇
①After passing the college entrance examination，I am now hesitating about which university and major to choose.
②Seeing people's sufferings of the flooded area，he had no hesitation(hesitate) in contributing a large sum of money.
When hearing someone crying for help，he rushed to the lake like an arrow and jumped into it without hesitation(毫不犹豫地跳了进去)．
◎hesitate to do sth.迟疑做某事；不愿做某事
hesitate about/at/over...对……犹豫不决
◎hesitation n．犹豫
without hesitation毫不犹豫地
have no hesitation in doing sth.毫不犹豫地做某事
agree to do it without hesitation一口应承下来做这件事
Do not hesitate to ask any question.尽可提问，请不要犹豫。
7　charge [课本义]n.主管；负责[增补义]vt.收费，要价；指控；充电；猛冲
①John will take charge of the next meeting.
②The job is in the charge of an experienced mechanic.
③Recently some officials have been charged with a lot of crimes.
他被指控偷了她的钱包。
①He was charged with stealing her wallet.(charge)
②He was accused of stealing her wallet.(accuse),
◎charge sb.money for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而收某人的钱
charge sb.with sth.因……指控某人
◎in charge of负责，掌管某事
in the charge of...被……负责/掌管
take charge of接管，控制
free of charge免费的(地)
take charge of the class接管这个班级
charge him money for repairing his bike 收取他修自行车的费用
8　appreciate vt.感激；欣赏
①I appreciate being given(give) this opportunity.
②We really appreciated it when she offered to help.
③He expressed his appreciation(appreciate) for their help.
I would appreciate it(我将不胜感激) if you paid in cash.
◎appreciate doing...感激……
I would appreciate it if...如果……我将不胜感激。
◎appreciation n．欣赏；感激；感谢
appreciate someone's concern/support感谢某人的关心/支持
appreciate what you have珍惜你拥有的
appreciate being invited to the party感激被邀请参加聚会
9　let out a scream 发出尖叫声
①Open the window and let some fresh air in．
②I don't want to let my parents down．
③He did not have enough money to have the tire patched up，let alone buy a new one.
The figure's mouth is wide open and letting out a powerful scream(发出有力的呐喊)．
let down使失望
let alone更不用说，更别提
let in让……进来，放进
let go of放开，释放；松手
be careless to let out the secret不小心泄露了秘密
have this skirt let out 把这条裙子加大
10　refer to [课本义]提到[增补义]与……相关；涉及；查阅；参考；移交
①My doctor referred me to a specialist.
②This typical sleep pattern is usually referred to as the “night owl” schedule of sleep.
③There is no direct reference(refer) to her own childhood in the novel.
You had better study the example and refer to the explanation below(参考下面的解释)．
◎refer sb./sth.to sb./sth.将……送交给……(以求获得帮助等)；归功于/归咎于
refer to...as...把……称作……
◎reference n．提到；参考；查阅；查询
reference books参考书
make reference to提及
refer to the notes查阅笔记
refer to global warming提到全球气候变暖
11　[教材原句]I wish I knew more about them.我希望我更多地了解它们。
①I wish I knew(know) his address.
②I wish you had come(come) to my birthday party yesterday.
①I stood there awkwardly，with my face blushing.How I wished there were a crack in the floor (我多么希望地板上有一个裂缝)so that I could hide myself in it.
②I really wish I hadn't made the classroom out of order(我真希望我没有把教室弄得乱七八糟)，so you wouldn't have criticized by the teacher.
wish后跟宾语从句，常常表示一种假设。
wish后宾语从句中的谓语形式如下：
◎did/were (表示与现在事实相反的愿望)；
◎had done/been (表示与过去事实相反的愿望)；
◎would/could＋动词原形(表示与将来事实相反的愿望)。
I really wish I had superb medical skills and can cure all the diseases of the world.我真的希望我有高超的医术，能医治好世界上所有的疾病。
12　[教材原句]But Beethoven continued conducting，his head buried in the score.但是贝多芬把头埋在乐谱里，继续指挥。
①The guide leading (lead) the way，we had no trouble getting out of the forest.
②The task completed (complete)，we had a global traveling.
③Such an able man to help (help) you，you will surely succeed sooner or later.
(普通表达)He was listening attentively in class，and his eyes were fixed on the blackboard.
(高级表达)He was listening attentively in class，his eyes fixed on the blackboard．(独立主格结构),
独立主格结构通常由“名词/代词＋动词 ing形式/过去分词/不定式/形容词/副词/介词短语”构成，通常用来表原因、条件、方式、伴随、时间等，在句中通常起状语作用，有时还可以作定语。动词 ing形式表示主动意义；过去分词表示被动意义或动作已完成；不定式表示尚未发生或将要发生的动作。
The whole mountain is covered with green and vigorous trees，some trees even having a history of thousands of years.整个大山长满了翠绿苍劲的大树，有些树甚至已有数千年的历史。
13　[教材原句]It was not until Caroline Unger，one of the singers，took his arm and turned him to face the audience that the great man realised his symphony was a success.直到其中一位歌手卡罗琳·昂格挽起他的手臂，让他面对观众，这位伟人才意识到他的交响乐是成功的。
It was not until then that I really realized the value of friendship.
(普通表达)He didn't consider having a holiday abroad until he retired from teaching three years ago.
①(高级表达)Not until he retired from teaching three years ago did he consider having a holiday abroad．(倒装句)
②(高级表达)It was not until he retired from teaching three years ago that he considered having a holiday abroad.(强调句),
◎not ...until ... 直到……才……
◎“not ...until ...”句型的强调句式为“it is/was not until ...that ...”。
◎在“not ...until ...”句型结构中，如not until置于句首，主句主谓用部分倒装。
I didn't recognize her until she took off her dark glasses./ Not until she took off her dark glasses did I recognize her./It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized her.直到她摘下墨镜，我才认出她来。
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．The children's performance (perform) gave the elders a lot of pleasure last week.
2．It's true that many animals shed tears，especially in response (respond) to pain.
3．It's illegal to read people's private letters without permission (permit)．
4．Looking through the window，she suddenly spotted (spot) a boat moving towards the bank.
5．How I wish I had been(be) able to say the rules without a mistake at that time.
6．Don't hesitate to make (make) comments or suggestions if you have any.
7．We shall play the match tomorrow，weather permitting (permit)．
8．The young boy struggled to support (support) his poverty stricken family.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．These protestants were marching in the street when the police arrived and broke them up.
2．Tu Youyou referred to medical literature to find potential recipes for malaria.
3．A few years ago John took charge of the company instead of his brother.
4．Some villagers were affected with the severe disease and died in horror.
5．The workers struggled for better pay and better conditions.
6．I would appreciate it if you could do me a favor to carry the box into my room.
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．The scandal surely signals (signal) the end of his political career.
2．I just felt I had been a failure(fail) in my personal life.
3．He is talented (talent) for singing，so he is well known for his wonderful voice.
4．He was surprised at the news that the amateur athlete beat the professional (profession) one who ranked top ten.
5．By no means is punishment a wise choice to help them grow up mentally (mental) and physically.
6．Mark was dragged from the burning(burn) wreckage of his car.
7．Now he is regarded (regard) as the current leader's natural successor.
8．He is said to write (write) another novel about the same theme next year.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．She responded to my letter with a phone call.
2．He gave up his studies and went on the stage.
3．An old man standing under a tree signaled to me to pull alongside the road.
4．The artist held an exhibition of his works last month.
5．Its mission is to engage in research and development in education.
Ⅰ.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2021·全国甲卷)It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes，score clothes from your friends，and have a party all at the same time. C
A．得分　　　B．编总谱　　　　C．获得
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. A
A．色度　　　　B．(画的)阴影部分　　　　C．阴凉处
3．(2020·天津卷)Making a full length clay(粘土) figure would not exhaust my strength—and that is what I intend to do！ B
A．数字　　　　B．塑像　　　　C．人形
Ⅱ.长难语句(分析句子的结构并将句子翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)More than 30 years ago，the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals，such as “f”and “v”，were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods.
本句第一个that引导宾语从句，宾语从句的主语为speech sounds，谓语为were，其中called labiodentals为过去分词短语作speech sounds的后置定语，such as“f”and“v”为插入语，对labiodentals进行补充说明。第二个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词societies。
[尝试翻译]30多年前，学者查尔斯·霍克特指出，被称为唇齿音的语音，如“f”和“v”，在吃较软食物的社会的语言中更为常见。
2．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned(对齐)，making it hard to produce labiodentals，which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth.
本句主语为They，谓语为discovered，that引导宾语从句，making...为动词 ing短语作状语，which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词labiodentals。
[尝试翻译]他们发现古人类成年人的上下门牙是对齐的，很难发出唇齿音，因为发出唇齿音时，上牙需要碰触到下嘴唇。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
In June 1889，Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night at a home for the 1.mentally (mental)ill，which shows the night sky 2.with circles of white and yellow.Some experts think Van Gogh's mental illness may affect his sense of sight.Nowadays，the painting is not a failure 3.but one of the world's most famous 4.paintings(painting)．
Edvard painted The Scream in 1893.It is 5.striking(strike) that it shows a thin figure with an expression of fear，6.whose mouth is letting out a 7.powerful(power) scream.
The Empire of Light is among a series of paintings by René Magritte，who was a painter 8.inspired(inspire) by his thoughts and ideas.His paintings were visual experiments as he tried to play with reality.Different people show different 9.reactions(react) to the paintings.Some think they look dark and 10.troubling(trouble) but others find them calming.
Step 1.要点提示(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)
①贝多芬被公认为音乐史上最伟大的作曲家之一。
Beethoven is regarded as one of the greatest composers in the history of music.
②20多岁时，他开始失聪，但他没有放弃并且创作了一些令人惊叹的作品，包括九首交响乐。
In his twenties，he began to lose his hearing，but he didn't give up and produced some amazing pieces，including nine symphonies.
③在他表演第九交响乐之前，贝多芬担心这场演出会成为一场灾难。
Before performing his ninth symphony，Beethoven was afraid that the performance would be a disaster.
④当贝多芬走上舞台时，观众毫不犹豫地鼓掌欢呼。
The audience did not hesitate to applaud as Beethoven walked out onto the stage.
⑤他和迈克尔·奥姆洛夫一起指挥乐队。一个多小时以来，贝多芬在管弦乐队前跳来跳去，在空中疯狂地挥舞着双臂，疯狂地翻着乐谱。
He and Michael Umlauf took charge of the orchestra，in front of which he jumped about more than an hour，waving his arms wildly in the air，and madly turning the pages of his score．
⑥随着标志着交响乐结束的欢快的音符，观众们激动地跳起来。
As the joyous note signalled the end of the symphony，all the audience jumped to their feet excitedly.
Step 2.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
Beethoven is regarded as one of the greatest composers in the history of music.In his twenties，he began to lose his hearing，but he didn't give up and produced some amazing pieces，including nine symphonies.Before performing his ninth symphony，Beethoven was afraid that the performance would be a disaster.
However，the audience did not hesitate to applaud as Beethoven walked out onto the stage.He and Michael Umlauf took charge of the orchestra，in front of which he jumped about more than an hour，waving his arms wildly in the air，and madly turning the pages of his score.As the joyous note signalled the end of the symphony，all the audience jumped to their feet excitedly.
Step 1.储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
情感描写 动作描写 环境描写
broad smile满面的笑容joyous adj.欢乐的，令人愉快的appreciate vt.感激；欣赏 perform vi.& vt.表演；演出let out a scream发出尖叫声struggle vi.奋斗，拼搏respond vi.& vt.回应，回复hesitate vi.犹豫；踌躇 starry adj.布满星星的burning adj.燃烧着的messy adj.脏的；凌乱的
Step 2.尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段)
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。
汤姆在今晚举行的戏剧演出中表现得很好。他满面笑容，在星空下走回家。那是一个欢乐的夜晚。突然，他听到有人发出了一声尖叫。他看到了一所燃烧的房子！他毫不犹豫地冲过去，对着窗户大声喊叫，但没有人回应。他闯进了房子，在那里他发现一个女孩躺在地板上。他抱起那个女孩，挣扎着逃离房子。那女孩非常感激汤姆的救助。尽管自己衣服脏兮兮，汤姆却感到非常自豪。
Tom performed well in the drama held tonight.With a broad smile，he went home under the starry sky.It was a joyous night.Suddenly，he heard someone let out a scream.He saw a burning house！He didn't hesitate to rush to it and shouted into the window，but no one responded.He broke into the house，where he spotted a girl lying on the floor.Lifting the girl，he struggled to escape from the house.The girl appreciated Tom's rescue greatly.In spite of his messy clothes，Tom felt extremely proud.(共98张PPT)
教材知识讲练
必修第三册
UNIT 8　GREEN LIVING
1.(动作描写)(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)Firstly he put the pot of porridge on a gentle heat，asking Jeff to watch out for it going for fifteen minutes.And then，he asked Jenna to break another two eggs and mix them with milk.
续写语料积累 背诵·句之美
2.(心理描写)Confused and frightened at my approach，the wolf backed away.
3.(景物描写)One day，during the night，there was a storm with heavy rain and high winds.
续写语料积累 背诵·句之美
(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up.Eyes opened，the woman heard a harmonious “Happy Mother's Day” with hot sweet breakfast before her.Behind the children stands their father.To shed light on the game of the gift，he told the mother the whole story.After learning about what happened，she rose quickly to gaze at the boy's hand with moved tears rolling down her cheeks.
续写语料积累 欣赏·语之秀
语基自查自测·巩固验收
01
1.__________ adj.工业的
2.__________ n.灭绝
3.________ n.继续生存，幸存
4.________ n.看法；态度
5._________ n.容器
6.________ n.大多数
7.____ vt.概括，总结
核心单词
industrial
extinction
survival
attitude
container
majority
sum
8.________ vt.表明；显示
9.________ adv.每年；一年一度地
10.________ vi.&vt.满是，有许多；泛滥
11._____ n.芽，苗；嫩枝 vt.射中；射击
12.____ adj.实的；稳固的
13._____ vi.发生
14.________ vt.克服(困难)；控制(感情)
15._______ n.平衡
核心单词
indicate
annually
overflow
shoot
firm
occur
overcome
balance
1.The novel is written with plain language but __________(overflow) with emotions.
2.Public _________(attitude) towards marriage have shifted over the past 10 years.
3.After he saw the bird in the tree，he ____(shoot) it with his gun.
4.Keep your eyes ______(firm) fixed on the road ahead.
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
overflowed
attitudes
shot
firmly
5.They are talking about some technical terms often _________(occur) in business documents.
6.The player ________(overcome) her injury to win the Olympic gold medal last year.
7.Most of us need to lead more ________(balance) lives to be healthy and happy.
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
occurring
overcame
balanced
1.globe n.球体；地球→______ adj.全球的，全世界的→________adv.全世界地
2.solve v.解决→________ n.解决办法
3.electric adj.电动的→___________ n.电→__________ adj.与电有关的→__________adj.电子的
4.transport n.交通运输系统，运输方式→______________n.运输；交通工具
派生单词
global
globally
solution
electricity
electrical
electronic
transportation
5.bother vi.& vt.费心，麻烦→________ adj.担心的；烦恼的
6.disappear vi.消失，不见→_____________ n.消失，不见
7.involve vt.参与；包含→________adj.卷入的；有关的→___________ n.牵连，参与
8.found v.创办；成立→_______ n.创办人，创始者→__________ n.基础；地基
派生单词
bothered
disappearance
involved
involvement
founder
foundation
9.agriculture n.农业→____________ adj.农业的
10.propose v.建议，提议→________ n.建议，提议
11.determine v.决定→__________ adj.坚定的；坚决的→_____________ n.决心；毅力
12.pollute v.污染→_________ n.污染物→_________ n.污染
13.organise vt.组织→_________ n.组织者，安排者→____________ n.组织；安排
派生单词
agricultural
proposal
determined
determination
pollutant
pollution
organiser
organisation
1.It _______ me to think of the _________ child，who always causes trouble here and there.(bother)
2.John is one of the ________ of the company，which was _______ in the year 2010.(found)
3.It is difficult to figure out a ______(globe) population of polar bears as much of the range has been poorly studied.
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
bothers
bothering
founders
founded
global
4.After he ________ a possible solution to the mystery at the meeting，everyone didn't agree with his ________．(propose)
5.He is a man with strong _____________．Once he is __________ to do something，no one can stop him.(determine)
6.It has been three days since the woman ___________．The police are investigating her _____________ now.(disappear)
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
proposed
proposal
determination
determined
disappeared
disappearance
7.He joined the ____________ which was _________ by his school as soon as it was set up.(organise)
8._________ in the design，the man has no time to spare to have ___________in anything else.(involve)
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
organisation
organised
Involved
involvement
9.Her old ________ car consumed too much ___________，so she decided to buy another new one.(electrical)
10.Because there is no means of ______________ and those vegetables can't be ___________ out，farmers here have a lot of losses this year.(transport)
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
electric
electricity
transportation
transported
1.do my part for sth. 尽自己所能做某事
2.not be bothered to do sth. 懒得做某事
3.take action 采取行动
4.all around the world 全世界
5.make sb.'s dream come true (使)某人梦想成真
6.work through 调整(情绪)
7.come up with 想出，想到
高频短语
8.take part (in) 参加
9.cut back on 削减，缩减
10.to sum up 总之
11.suffer from 遭受
12.pick up 捡起；获得
13.be committed to 致力于
14.make a difference 有影响，起作用
高频短语
1.The firemen __________ immediately to stop the forest fire spreading.
2.How dare you ______ the phone and listen in on my conversations！
3.Several of the members have ____________ suggestions of their own.
4.Six theatre companies have been selected to __________ this year's festival.
语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
took action
pick up
come up with
take part in
5.We're trying to _________ the amount we spend on food.
6.Well，_______，what is the message that you are trying to get across？
7.Many people __________ mental illness at some point in their lives.
语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
cut back on
to sum up
suffer from
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
1.leave...doing...句型
Well，say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth... 别让她在外边雨里等着。
Don't ______________________ in the rain.
leave her waiting outside
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
2.with的复合结构
In 1999，the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with a computer tracking system to record their every move！ 有那么多问题要处理，那位经理坐立不安。
_____________________________，the manager has ants in his pants.
With so many problems to deal with
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
3.not...but...不是……，而是……
The new “white bikes” were not actually white but painted in bright colours. 不是你的话而是你的行动决定了你的成败。
It is___ your words ___ your actions that determine your success or failure.
not
but
考点探究归纳·多维讲练
02
词法探究
句法探究
1　bother vi.&vt.费心，麻烦
练中回想——语法填空
①My older brother couldn't be bothered ______(play) with me.
②I don't want to bother her __________ my problems at the moment.
③Tourists do not need to bother _____ transportation and lunch.
④I had no bother _______(find) your house.
to play
with/about
about
finding
完美写作——翻译句子
我过去总是麻烦你为我做很多事情，你从来不会对我不耐烦。
____________________________________________________________________________
I used to bother you to do many things for me，but you never got
impatient with me.
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎be bothered to do sth.费心做某事
bother sb.with/about sth.为某事打扰或麻烦某人
bother about sth.为某事烦恼
bother to do sth.特意/特地做某事
◎bother n.麻烦；困难
have much bother (in) doing sth.做某事有麻烦/费劲
语料输入——必备素材
be bothered about one's personal gains or losses为个人得失而烦恼
why bother 何苦那么麻烦/没有必要吧
2　involve vt.[课本义]参与；包含[增补义]牵涉；牵连
练中回想——语法填空
①Painting the room involved _______(move) out the piano.
②If I were you，I wouldn't get involved __ their problems.
moving
in
完美写作——一句多译
父母应当参与孩子的教育。
①Parents ________________________ their child's education.(involve)
②Parents __________________ their child's education.(involved)
should involve themselves in
should be involved in
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎involve sb.in (doing) sth.使某人卷入(做)某事
◎involved adj.参与；有关联的
be/get involved in/with参与；卷入
◎involvement n.参与；加入
语料输入——必备素材
contact the people involved与相关人员联系
be involved in drugs沾染毒品
a serious incident involving a group of youths
一起涉及一群年轻人的严重事件
3　occur vi.[课本义]发生[增补义]出现
练中回想——语法填空
①We are the products of evolution，and not just evolution that _______
(occur) billions of years ago.
②Sometimes even routine ___________(occur) can become sources of pre-anger，or anger itself.
occurred
occurrences
完美写作——一句多译
伊丽莎白也想到了这个相同的主意。
①The same idea __________ Elizabeth.(occur)
②The same idea ______ Elizabeth.(strike)
③The same idea ___ Elizabeth.(hit)
④The same idea ______ Elizabeth.(come to)
occurred to
struck
hit
came to
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎sth.occurs to sb.某人想到某事
it occurs/occurred to sb.to do sth.某人想到要做某事
it occurs/occurred to sb.that...……的念头/想法出现在某人的脑海里
◎occurrence n.发生的事情；存在的事物
◎表示“某人突然想起……”的句式还有：
sth.strike(s)/hit(s) sb.＝It hits/strikes sb.that...
语料输入——必备素材
a good idea occurred to him in a dream他在梦中想到的一个好主意
4　proposal n.建议，提议
练中回想——语法填空
①The official rejected the proposal _____(use) more disposable containers.
② He came up with a proposal that the students _____________(study) basic knowledge hard to lay a firm foundation for further study.
to use
(should) study
完美写作——完成句子
We ___________________ (建议去旅游)of Hangzhou in the summer vacation.
proposed taking a tour
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎the proposal to do...做……的建议
◎propose doing...建议做……
propose to do...打算做……
propose that...(should) do...建议……
语料输入——必备素材
a proposal to build more office accommodation增建更多办公楼的建议
propose her as/for chairman of the conference推荐她为大会主席
5　determination n.决心；毅力
练中回想——语法填空
①He determined _______(work) twice as hard as before to make his dream come true.
②___________(determine) to become slim，she took part in many outdoor activities.
③Have you determined _______ a date for the foundation of your firm
to work
Determined
on/upon
完美写作——心理描写续写佳句
After dealing with the accident，she ____________________________
_______________(决定毕业后当一名医生)．
was determined to become a doctor
after graduation
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎determine v.测定；决定；确定
determine to do...决定做……(表示动作)
determine on/upon (doing) sth.决定(做)某事
◎determined adj.坚决的；坚毅的
be determined to do...决心做……(表示状态)
语料输入——必备素材
be due in large part to their determination
在很大程度上应归功于他们的决心
determine their own future 决定他们自己的未来
6　majority n.大多数
练中回想——语法填空
①The treatment is not available in the vast ________(major) of hospitals.
②A large percentage of students choose not to major __ physics because it is too difficult.
majority
in
完美写作——词汇升级
(普通表达)When it comes to education，most people believe that it is a lifetime study.
(高级表达)When it comes to education，_____________ people believe that it is a lifetime study.
the majority of
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎in a/the majority占大多数
by/with a majority以多数票
◎major adj.主要的 n.主修科目；专业课；某专业的学生 v.主修
major in主修……
语料输入——必备素材
defeat his rival by/with a narrow majority以微弱的多数票战胜他的对手
a majority decision根据大多数人的意见做出的决定
7　come up with 想出，想到
练中回想——语法填空
①With such a weak heart she was lucky to come _______ the operation.
②When will the matter come __ for discussion
③This book is about to come ___ in Britain，and later in France and in Spain.
④She came ____ at the speaker with some sharp questions.
through
up
out
back
完美写作——完成句子
It was John ____________________________________________(想出了做爆米花的好主意)for you to sell.
who came up with the brilliant idea of making popcorn
练后归纳——搭配拓展
come up to走近
come up发生；被提及(无被动式)
come out出来；出版；开花
come through(重病后)康复
come back回来，返回；反驳
come at扑向
come down崩塌；坍塌
语料输入——必备素材
come up with a good idea想出一个好主意
come up with suggestions of our own提出了我们自己的建议
8　cut back on 削减，缩减
练中回想——语法填空
①She kept on cutting __ during our conversation，which made us very bothered.
②The current advice for pregnant women is to cut ___ alcohol.
③I usually cut ______ the park on my way home so that I can arrive at my destination early.
④Some people may just need to cut back __ their schedules and get to bed earlier.
in
out
across
on
完美写作——完成句子
If we cannot sell more，we will have to ___________________(减少产量)．
cut back on production
练后归纳——搭配拓展
cut across穿过(某地)(尤指抄近路)
cut in插嘴
cut off中止；切掉；使隔绝
cut...out停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下
cut up切碎
cut down砍倒；削减；删节；缩小(尺寸、数量等)
语料输入——必备素材
cut off the water supply temporarily临时切断供水
cut up the meat on his plate切碎他盘子里的肉
9　[教材原句]Well，say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth...比方说你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流……
练中回想——语法填空
①Accidents left the police _______(run) from one place to another.
②They laid down the little hero，leaving his face _______(expose)．
③His parents died，_______(leave) him an orphan.
running
exposed
leaving
完美写作——完成句子
①They went off together and __________________(留下我自己坐在那里)．
②He didn't follow my advice on that project，____________________
__________(使整个计划最终泡汤了)．
left me sitting there
leaving the plan ruined
in the end
练后归纳——搭配拓展
leave sb./sth.doing sth.使某人/物一直在做某事
leave sb./sth.to do sth.使某人/物做某事
leave sth.done让/使某事被做
leave sb./sth.＋n./adj./adv./介词短语
使某人/物成为或止于某种状态
语料输入——必备素材
The dock was silent in the sunset，and the wind blew away all the noise，leaving only the reeds shivering in the cold wind.落日的余晖里码头一片寂静，风吹走了所有的喧嚣，只留下芦苇在寒风里瑟瑟发抖。
10　[教材原句]In 1999，the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with a computer tracking system to record their every move！1999年，“白色自行车”回到了阿姆斯特丹——这次安装了电子跟踪系统以记录它们的“一举一动”！
练中回想——语法填空
①With so many learning resources ________(select)from，we are likely to choose the material that is not suitable for us.
②With the water _______(run)，she left the office.
to select
running
完美写作——句式升级
(普通表达)The final examination is approaching，so I am getting increasingly anxious.
(高级表达)___________________________________，I am getting increasingly anxious.(用with的复合结构改写)
With the final examination approaching
练后归纳——搭配拓展
句中with a computer tracking system to record their every move为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”作状语。“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”即with的复合结构，在句中多作状语，也可以作定语。常见的结构有：with＋宾语＋doing/done/adj./adv./to do/介词短语。
语料输入——必备素材
With everything for the birthday party prepared，they waited quietly for their mother to come home.准备好了生日宴会的一切东西，他们静静地等待着妈妈回家。
11　[教材原句]The new “white bikes” were not actually white but painted in bright colours.
新的“白色自行车”实际上不是白色的，而是用鲜艳的颜色粉刷的。
练中回想——语法填空
①Either I or Mary _______(decide) to take part in the competition.
②Not only his friends but also Tom _____(want) to go to the cinema.
③I did it not because I liked it ___ because I had to do it.
decides
wants
but
完美写作——完成句子
________________________________________ (不是他说的话而是他做的事)are unforgettable.
It is not the words he says but the things he does
练后归纳——搭配拓展
not...but...表示“不是……，而是……”，连接两个并列的句子成分，当连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词必须与靠近的主语的人称和数保持一致。除了not...but...应用就近原则，常见的用就近原则的词组还有：either...or...；neither...nor...；not only...but also...等。
语料输入——必备素材
Not a hero but the working people made history.不是某一个英雄而是劳动人民创造了历史。
三层固基达标训练
03
层级一
层级二
层级三
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．Only a few people at the meeting spoke in support of the ________ (propose)．
2．Male family members are recommended to get more _______(involve)
in educating children.
proposal
involved
3．With its head ______ (bury)in the sands，the bird thought it had escaped from the danger.
4．___________(determine) to come back to the stage，the dancer struggled with his injuries bitterly.
5．The research project involves ________ (track) the careers of 400 graduates.
buried
Determined
tracking
6．Suddenly it ________ (occur) to me that I could have the book sent to me.
7．The news left me _________ (wonder) what would happen next.
8．The performer couldn't be ________(bother) to change the costumes between two performances.
occurred
wondering
bothered
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．It occurred __ the sculptor that he could make a sculpture of Lincoln in his office.
2．The majority of the audience ___(be) opposed to advertisements inserted in TV plays.
to
are
3．My brother came up ____ several solutions to the problem，none of which was acceptable.
4．Not he but you ____ wrong in the incident which happened last week.
5．They ordered that for every tree cut ____ two more should be planted.
with
were
down
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．The working group will be looking for practical _________ (solution) to the problems faced by doctors.
2．In many towns ______ (park) is allowed only on one side of the street.
3．The college is not an _______ (official) recognized English language school.
solutions
parking
officially
4．They had failed to recognise signs on their instrument panel __________ (indicate) a serious problem in the left engine.
5．Millions of audiences visit National Art Museum of China ________ (annual)．
6．There is a great demand for ____________ (agriculture) machinery in this country.
indicating
annually
agricultural
7．If he couldn't find his way out of the forest，there would be little chance of ________ (survive)．
8．The drug is not _______ (harm) itself，but is dangerous when taken with alcohol.
survival
harmful
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．I first made his acquaintance in ___ early 1960s.
2．What I said is going to make _ difference to you.
3．The number of reported crimes is increasing __ an alarming rate.
4．Scientists have a fairly negative attitude __________ the theory.
5．Don't you know VOA stands ___ the Voice of America
the
a
at
to/towards
for
Ⅰ.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Above 4，000 meters is the highland desert：gravel (砾石)，stones and rocks. __
A．n.荒原　　　B．vt.背离　　　C．vt.遗弃
A
2．(2020·江苏卷)Just before and an hour after each workout，the scientists took additional samples of the men's blood and fat tissue. __
A．纸巾　　B．(人、动植物细胞的)组织
C．薄纸，绵纸
3．(2019·江苏卷)Naomi heard multiple stops and starts，Steve struggling，searching while his wife Joni called him “honey” and encouraged him. __
A．蜂蜜　　　　B．可爱的人　　　　C．亲爱的
B
C
Ⅱ.长难语句(分析句子的结构并将句子翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age，with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years.
化繁为简　本句主语为Analyses，谓语动词为confirmed，that引导____从句，with复合结构作____，其中increasing的逻辑主语为the use of “f” and “v”。
[尝试翻译]对语言数据库的分析也证实，新石器时代之后，世界语言的语音发生了全球性的变化，语音“f”和“v”的使用在过去几千年中显著增加。
宾语
状语
2．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300，000 years ago.
化繁为简　本句中that引导______从句，对the popular view进行解释说明，when引导________从句。
[尝试翻译]这项研究推翻了一种普遍的观点，即人类在大约30万年前进化时，所有的语音都已存在。
同位语
时间状语
三维提能培优训练
04
维度一
维度二
维度三
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
Most people suffer from “Just-me-ism”．You leave the tap 1._______(run) while you brush your teeth，leave a light on when you
running
go out and drop a piece of litter 2.___ not pick it up，which is 3._______(harm) to our world.Jane Goodall，4.___ is best-known for wild chimpanzees，set up Roots&Shoots.Its purpose is 5.___________
(educate) young people to help to build a future that is secure and live together in peace 6.____ nature.Roots move 7.______(slow) under the ground to make a firm foundation，and shoots seem small and weak，
but
harmful
who
to educate
with
slowly
but they can break open brick walls to reach the light.Hundreds and thousands of roots and shoots can solve the problems，change the world and make it a better place 8.______(live) in.Roots&Shoots is all about：the value and 9.__________(important) of each individual—human，animal or plant.Jane Goodall believes that every individual has a role to play and every individual makes a 10.__________(different)．
to live
importance
difference
Step 1.要点提示(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)
①随着社会的发展，全球的环境正变得越来越糟糕。
With the development of society，the _________________ is becoming worse and worse.
global environment
②我们不得不采取行动来保护我们的环境。
We have to __________ to protect our environment.
③我们应该使用对环境无害的材料。
We should use materials that _______________ our environment.
④我们回收利用产品和不乱扔垃圾是明智的。
It is wise of us ________________ and not to throw rubbish everywhere.
take action
are not harmful to
to recycle products
⑤最好少开私家车，多乘公共交通。
It's better to ___________ driving private cars and ________________
__________．
⑥如果每一个人为保护环境尽力而为，我们的世界将会更好。
If everyone ______________ protecting our environment，our world will be much better.
cut back on
take more public
transports
does his part for
Step 2.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
With the development of society，the global environment is becoming worse and worse.So we have to take action to protect our environment.
Firstly，we should use materials that are not harmful to our environment.Secondly，it is wise of us to recycle products and not to throw rubbish everywhere.Thirdly，it's better to cut back on driving private cars and take more public transports.
As far as I am concerned，if everyone does his part for protecting our environment，our world will be much better.
Step 1.储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
情感描写
bother vi.& vt.费心，麻烦
contented adj.满意的，满足的
work through调整(情绪)
determination n.决心；毅力
overcome vt.克服(困难)；控制(感情)
环境描写 动作描写
ocean n.海洋，大海
smog n.雾霾
desert n.沙漠
packaging n.包装盒(瓶、袋)，包装材料
plastic adj.塑料制的
path n.小径，小道
pollutant n.污染物
flooding n.水灾，洪水泛滥 wag vi.& vt.(狗)摇(尾巴)
involve vt.参与；包含
occur vi.发生
come up with想出，想到
take part (in)参加
cut back on削减，缩减
shoot vt.射中；射击
disappear vi.消失，不见
overflow vi.& vt.满是，有许多；泛滥
Step 2.尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段)
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。
史密斯先生曾过着惬意的生活。他生活在海边，当太阳落山时，他总是观赏飞翔的海鸟，他的狗在他身边摇着尾巴。然而，一些可怕的事情发生了，美丽的风景消失了。曾经干净清澈的海水现在满是各种污染物，如塑料包装和一次性容器。空气中总是有雾霾。他感到担心，并参与了呼吁人们减少一次性包装的活动中。
Mr Smith used to live a contented life.Living near the ocean，he would watch sea birds flying when the sun set with his dog wagging its tail beside him.However，something terrible occurred and the beautiful scenery disappeared；the once clean and clear sea water is now overflowed with various pollutants such as plastic packaging and disposable containers.There is always smog in the air.He feels bothered and takes part in activities to call on people to cut back on disposable packaging.续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀
1.(动作描写)(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)Firstly he put the pot of porridge on a gentle heat，asking Jeff to watch out for it going for fifteen minutes.And then，he asked Jenna to break another two eggs and mix them with milk.2.(心理描写)Confused and frightened at my approach，the wolf backed away.3.(景物描写)One day，during the night，there was a storm with heavy rain and high winds. (2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up.Eyes opened，the woman heard a harmonious “Happy Mother's Day” with hot sweet breakfast before her.Behind the children stands their father.To shed light on the game of the gift，he told the mother the whole story.After learning about what happened，she rose quickly to gaze at the boy's hand with moved tears rolling down her cheeks.
核心单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.industrial adj.工业的2.extinction n．灭绝3.survival n．继续生存，幸存4.attitude n．看法；态度5.container n．容器6.majority n．大多数7.sum vt.概括，总结8.indicate vt.表明；显示9.annually adv.每年；一年一度地10.overflow vi.&vt.满是，有许多；泛滥11.shoot n．芽，苗；嫩枝 vt.射中；射击12.firm adj.实的；稳固的13.occur vi.发生14.overcome vt.克服(困难)；控制(感情)15.balance n．平衡 1.The novel is written with plain language but overflowed(overflow) with emotions.2.Public attitudes(attitude) towards marriage have shifted over the past 10 years.3.After he saw the bird in the tree，he shot(shoot) it with his gun.4.Keep your eyes firmly(firm) fixed on the road ahead.5.They are talking about some technical terms often occurring(occur) in business documents.6.The player overcame(overcome) her injury to win the Olympic gold medal last year.7.Most of us need to lead more balanced(balance) lives to be healthy and happy.
派生单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.globe n．球体；地球→global adj.全球的，全世界的→globally adv.全世界地2.solve v．解决→solution n．解决办法3.electric adj.电动的→electricity n．电→electrical adj.与电有关的→electronic adj.电子的4.transport n．交通运输系统，运输方式→transportation n．运输；交通工具5.bother vi.& vt.费心，麻烦→bothered adj.担心的；烦恼的6.disappear vi.消失，不见→disappearance n．消失，不见7.involve vt.参与；包含→involved adj.卷入的；有关的→involvement n．牵连，参与8.found v．创办；成立→founder n．创办人，创始者→foundation n．基础；地基9.agriculture n．农业→agricultural adj.农业的10.propose v．建议，提议→proposal n．建议，提议11.determine v．决定→determined adj.坚定的；坚决的→determination n．决心；毅力12.pollute v．污染→pollutant n．污染物→pollution n．污染13.organise vt.组织→organiser n．组织者，安排者→organisation n．组织；安排 1.It bothers me to think of the bothering child，who always causes trouble here and there.(bother)2.John is one of the founders of the company，which was founded in the year 2010.(found)3.It is difficult to figure out a global(globe) population of polar bears as much of the range has been poorly studied.4.After he proposed a possible solution to the mystery at the meeting，everyone didn't agree with his proposal．(propose) 5.He is a man with strong determination．Once he is determined to do something，no one can stop him.(determine)6.It has been three days since the woman disappeared．The police are investigating her disappearance now.(disappear)7.He joined the organisation which was organised by his school as soon as it was set up.(organise)8. Involved in the design，the man has no time to spare to have involvement in anything else.(involve)9.Her old electric car consumed too much electricity，so she decided to buy another new one.(electrical)10.Because there is no means of transportation and those vegetables can't be transported out，farmers here have a lot of losses this year.(transport)
高频短语 语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
1.do my part for sth.尽自己所能做某事2.not be bothered to do sth.懒得做某事3.take action采取行动4.all around the world 全世界5.make sb.'s dream come true(使)某人梦想成真6.work through调整(情绪)7.come up with想出，想到8.take part (in)参加9.cut back on削减，缩减10.to sum up总之11.suffer from遭受12.pick up捡起；获得13.be committed to致力于14.make a difference有影响，起作用 1.The firemen took action immediately to stop the forest fire spreading.2.How dare you pick up the phone and listen in on my conversations！3.Several of the members have come up with suggestions of their own.4.Six theatre companies have been selected to take part in this year's festival.5.We're trying to cut back on the amount we spend on food.6.Well，to sum up，what is the message that you are trying to get across？7.Many people suffer from mental illness at some point in their lives.
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
1.leave...doing...句型Well，say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth... 别让她在外边雨里等着。Don't leave her waiting outside in the rain.
2.with的复合结构In 1999，the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with a computer tracking system to record their every move！ 有那么多问题要处理，那位经理坐立不安。With so many problems to deal with，the manager has ants in his pants.
3.not...but...不是……，而是……The new “white bikes” were not actually white but painted in bright colours. 不是你的话而是你的行动决定了你的成败。It is not your words but your actions that determine your success or failure.
1　bother vi.&vt.费心，麻烦
①My older brother couldn't be bothered to play(play) with me.
②I don't want to bother her with/about my problems at the moment.
③Tourists do not need to bother about transportation and lunch.
④I had no bother finding(find) your house.
我过去总是麻烦你为我做很多事情，你从来不会对我不耐烦。
I used to bother you to do many things for me，but you never got impatient with me.
◎be bothered to do sth.费心做某事
bother sb.with/about sth.为某事打扰或麻烦某人
bother about sth.为某事烦恼
bother to do sth.特意/特地做某事
◎bother n．麻烦；困难
have much bother (in) doing sth.做某事有麻烦/费劲
be bothered about one's personal gains or losses为个人得失而烦恼
why bother 何苦那么麻烦/没有必要吧
2　involve vt.[课本义]参与；包含[增补义]牵涉；牵连
①Painting the room involved moving(move) out the piano.
②If I were you，I wouldn't get involved in their problems.
父母应当参与孩子的教育。
①Parents should involve themselves in their child's education.(involve)
②Parents should be involved in their child's education.(involved),
◎involve sb.in (doing) sth.使某人卷入(做)某事
◎involved adj.参与；有关联的
be/get involved in/with参与；卷入
◎involvement n．参与；加入
contact the people involved与相关人员联系
be involved in drugs沾染毒品
a serious incident involving a group of youths
一起涉及一群年轻人的严重事件
3　occur vi.[课本义]发生[增补义]出现
①We are the products of evolution，and not just evolution that occurred(occur) billions of years ago.
②Sometimes even routine occurrences(occur) can become sources of pre anger，or anger itself.
伊丽莎白也想到了这个相同的主意。
①The same idea occurred to Elizabeth.(occur)
②The same idea struck Elizabeth.(strike)
③The same idea hit Elizabeth.(hit)
④The same idea came to Elizabeth.(come to),
◎sth.occurs to sb.某人想到某事
it occurs/occurred to sb.to do sth.某人想到要做某事
it occurs/occurred to sb.that...……的念头/想法出现在某人的脑海里
◎occurrence n．发生的事情；存在的事物
◎表示“某人突然想起……”的句式还有：
sth.strike(s)/hit(s) sb.＝It hits/strikes sb.that...
a good idea occurred to him in a dream他在梦中想到的一个好主意
4　proposal n．建议，提议
①The official rejected the proposal to use(use) more disposable containers.
② He came up with a proposal that the students (should) study(study) basic knowledge hard to lay a firm foundation for further study.
We proposed taking a tour (建议去旅游)of Hangzhou in the summer vacation.
◎the proposal to do...做……的建议
◎propose doing...建议做……
propose to do...打算做……
propose that...(should) do...建议……
a proposal to build more office accommodation增建更多办公楼的建议
propose her as/for chairman of the conference推荐她为大会主席
5　determination n．决心；毅力
①He determined to work(work) twice as hard as before to make his dream come true.
②Determined(determine) to become slim，she took part in many outdoor activities.
③Have you determined on/upon a date for the foundation of your firm
After dealing with the accident，she was determined to become a doctor after graduation(决定毕业后当一名医生)．
◎determine v．测定；决定；确定
determine to do...决定做……(表示动作)
determine on/upon (doing) sth.决定(做)某事
◎determined adj.坚决的；坚毅的
be determined to do...决心做……(表示状态)
be due in large part to their determination
在很大程度上应归功于他们的决心
determine their own future 决定他们自己的未来
6　majority n．大多数
①The treatment is not available in the vast majority(major) of hospitals.
②A large percentage of students choose not to major in physics because it is too difficult.
(普通表达)When it comes to education，most people believe that it is a lifetime study.
(高级表达)When it comes to education，the majority of people believe that it is a lifetime study.
◎in a/the majority占大多数
by/with a majority以多数票
◎major adj.主要的 n．主修科目；专业课；某专业的学生 v．主修
major in主修……
defeat his rival by/with a narrow majority以微弱的多数票战胜他的对手
a majority decision根据大多数人的意见做出的决定
7　come up with 想出，想到
①With such a weak heart she was lucky to come through the operation.
②When will the matter come up for discussion
③This book is about to come out in Britain，and later in France and in Spain.
④She came back at the speaker with some sharp questions.
It was John who came up with the brilliant idea of making popcorn(想出了做爆米花的好主意)for you to sell.
come up to走近
come up发生；被提及(无被动式)
come out出来；出版；开花
come through(重病后)康复
come back回来，返回；反驳
come at扑向
come down崩塌；坍塌
come up with a good idea想出一个好主意
come up with suggestions of our own提出了我们自己的建议
8　cut back on 削减，缩减
①She kept on cutting in during our conversation，which made us very bothered.
②The current advice for pregnant women is to cut out alcohol.
③I usually cut across the park on my way home so that I can arrive at my destination early.
④Some people may just need to cut back on their schedules and get to bed earlier.
If we cannot sell more，we will have to cut back on production(减少产量)．
cut across穿过(某地)(尤指抄近路)
cut in插嘴
cut off中止；切掉；使隔绝
cut...out停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下
cut up切碎
cut down砍倒；削减；删节；缩小(尺寸、数量等)
cut off the water supply temporarily临时切断供水
cut up the meat on his plate切碎他盘子里的肉
9　[教材原句]Well，say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth...比方说你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流……
①Accidents left the police running(run) from one place to another.
②They laid down the little hero，leaving his face exposed(expose)．
③His parents died，leaving(leave) him an orphan.
①They went off together and left me sitting there(留下我自己坐在那里)．
②He didn't follow my advice on that project，leaving the plan ruined in the end(使整个计划最终泡汤了)．
leave sb./sth.doing sth.使某人/物一直在做某事
leave sb./sth.to do sth.使某人/物做某事
leave sth.done让/使某事被做
leave sb./sth.＋n./adj./adv./介词短语
使某人/物成为或止于某种状态
The dock was silent in the sunset，and the wind blew away all the noise，leaving only the reeds shivering in the cold wind.落日的余晖里码头一片寂静，风吹走了所有的喧嚣，只留下芦苇在寒风里瑟瑟发抖。
10　[教材原句]In 1999，the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with a computer tracking system to record their every move！1999年，“白色自行车”回到了阿姆斯特丹——这次安装了电子跟踪系统以记录它们的“一举一动”！
①With so many learning resources to select (select)from，we are likely to choose the material that is not suitable for us.
②With the water running(run)，she left the office.
(普通表达)The final examination is approaching，so I am getting increasingly anxious.
(高级表达)With the final examination approaching，I am getting increasingly anxious.(用with的复合结构改写)
句中with a computer tracking system to record their every move为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”作状语。“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”即with的复合结构，在句中多作状语，也可以作定语。常见的结构有：with＋宾语＋doing/done/adj./adv./to do/介词短语。
With everything for the birthday party prepared，they waited quietly for their mother to come home.准备好了生日宴会的一切东西，他们静静地等待着妈妈回家。
11　[教材原句]The new “white bikes” were not actually white but painted in bright colours.
新的“白色自行车”实际上不是白色的，而是用鲜艳的颜色粉刷的。
①Either I or Mary decides(decide) to take part in the competition.
②Not only his friends but also Tom wants(want) to go to the cinema.
③I did it not because I liked it but because I had to do it.
It is not the words he says but the things he does (不是他说的话而是他做的事)are unforgettable.
not...but...表示“不是……，而是……”，连接两个并列的句子成分，当连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词必须与靠近的主语的人称和数保持一致。除了not...but...应用就近原则，常见的用就近原则的词组还有：either...or...；neither...nor...；not only...but also...等。
Not a hero but the working people made history.不是某一个英雄而是劳动人民创造了历史。
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．Only a few people at the meeting spoke in support of the proposal (propose)．
2．Male family members are recommended to get more involved(involve) in educating children.
3．With its head buried (bury)in the sands，the bird thought it had escaped from the danger.
4．Determined(determine) to come back to the stage，the dancer struggled with his injuries bitterly.
5．The research project involves tracking (track) the careers of 400 graduates.
6．Suddenly it occurred (occur) to me that I could have the book sent to me.
7．The news left me wondering (wonder) what would happen next.
8．The performer couldn't be bothered(bother) to change the costumes between two performances.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．It occurred to the sculptor that he could make a sculpture of Lincoln in his office.
2．The majority of the audience are(be) opposed to advertisements inserted in TV plays.
3．My brother came up with several solutions to the problem，none of which was acceptable.
4．Not he but you were wrong in the incident which happened last week.
5．They ordered that for every tree cut down two more should be planted.
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．The working group will be looking for practical solutions (solution) to the problems faced by doctors.
2．In many towns parking (park) is allowed only on one side of the street.
3．The college is not an officially (official) recognized English language school.
4．They had failed to recognise signs on their instrument panel indicating (indicate) a serious problem in the left engine.
5．Millions of audiences visit National Art Museum of China annually (annual)．
6．There is a great demand for agricultural (agriculture) machinery in this country.
7．If he couldn't find his way out of the forest，there would be little chance of survival (survive)．
8．The drug is not harmful (harm) itself，but is dangerous when taken with alcohol.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．I first made his acquaintance in the early 1960s.
2．What I said is going to make a difference to you.
3．The number of reported crimes is increasing at an alarming rate.
4．Scientists have a fairly negative attitude to/towards the theory.
5．Don't you know VOA stands for the Voice of America
Ⅰ.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Above 4，000 meters is the highland desert：gravel (砾石)，stones and rocks. A
A．n.荒原　　　B．vt.背离　　　C．vt.遗弃
2．(2020·江苏卷)Just before and an hour after each workout，the scientists took additional samples of the men's blood and fat tissue. B
A．纸巾　　B．(人、动植物细胞的)组织
C．薄纸，绵纸
3．(2019·江苏卷)Naomi heard multiple stops and starts，Steve struggling，searching while his wife Joni called him “honey” and encouraged him. C
A．蜂蜜　　　　B．可爱的人　　　　C．亲爱的
Ⅱ.长难语句(分析句子的结构并将句子翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age，with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years.
本句主语为Analyses，谓语动词为confirmed，that引导宾语从句，with复合结构作状语，其中increasing的逻辑主语为the use of “f” and “v”。
[尝试翻译]对语言数据库的分析也证实，新石器时代之后，世界语言的语音发生了全球性的变化，语音“f”和“v”的使用在过去几千年中显著增加。
2．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300，000 years ago.
本句中that引导同位语从句，对the popular view进行解释说明，when引导时间状语从句。
[尝试翻译]这项研究推翻了一种普遍的观点，即人类在大约30万年前进化时，所有的语音都已存在。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
Most people suffer from “Just me ism”．You leave the tap 1.running(run) while you brush your teeth，leave a light on when you go out and drop a piece of litter 2.but not pick it up，which is 3.harmful(harm) to our world.Jane Goodall，4.who is best known for wild chimpanzees，set up Roots&Shoots.Its purpose is 5.to educate(educate) young people to help to build a future that is secure and live together in peace 6.with nature.Roots move 7.slowly(slow) under the ground to make a firm foundation，and shoots seem small and weak，but they can break open brick walls to reach the light.Hundreds and thousands of roots and shoots can solve the problems，change the world and make it a better place 8.to live(live) in.Roots&Shoots is all about：the value and 9.importance(important) of each individual—human，animal or plant.Jane Goodall believes that every individual has a role to play and every individual makes a 10.difference(different)．
Step 1.要点提示(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)
①随着社会的发展，全球的环境正变得越来越糟糕。
With the development of society，the global environment is becoming worse and worse.
②我们不得不采取行动来保护我们的环境。
We have to take action to protect our environment.
③我们应该使用对环境无害的材料。
We should use materials that are not harmful to our environment.
④我们回收利用产品和不乱扔垃圾是明智的。
It is wise of us to recycle products and not to throw rubbish everywhere.
⑤最好少开私家车，多乘公共交通。
It's better to cut back on driving private cars and take more public transports．
⑥如果每一个人为保护环境尽力而为，我们的世界将会更好。
If everyone does his part for protecting our environment，our world will be much better.
Step 2.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
With the development of society，the global environment is becoming worse and worse.So we have to take action to protect our environment.
Firstly，we should use materials that are not harmful to our environment.Secondly，it is wise of us to recycle products and not to throw rubbish everywhere.Thirdly，it's better to cut back on driving private cars and take more public transports.
As far as I am concerned，if everyone does his part for protecting our environment，our world will be much better.
Step 1.储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
情感描写 环境描写 动作描写
bother vi.& vt.费心，麻烦contented adj.满意的，满足的work through调整(情绪)determination n．决心；毅力overcome vt.克服(困难)；控制(感情) ocean n．海洋，大海smog n．雾霾desert n．沙漠packaging n．包装盒(瓶、袋)，包装材料plastic adj.塑料制的path n．小径，小道pollutant n.污染物flooding n．水灾，洪水泛滥 wag vi.& vt.(狗)摇(尾巴)involve vt.参与；包含occur vi.发生come up with想出，想到take part (in)参加cut back on削减，缩减shoot vt.射中；射击disappear vi.消失，不见overflow vi.& vt.满是，有许多；泛滥
Step 2.尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段)
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。
史密斯先生曾过着惬意的生活。他生活在海边，当太阳落山时，他总是观赏飞翔的海鸟，他的狗在他身边摇着尾巴。然而，一些可怕的事情发生了，美丽的风景消失了。曾经干净清澈的海水现在满是各种污染物，如塑料包装和一次性容器。空气中总是有雾霾。他感到担心，并参与了呼吁人们减少一次性包装的活动中。
Mr Smith used to live a contented life.Living near the ocean，he would watch sea birds flying when the sun set with his dog wagging its tail beside him.However，something terrible occurred and the beautiful scenery disappeared；the once clean and clear sea water is now overflowed with various pollutants such as plastic packaging and disposable containers.There is always smog in the air.He feels bothered and takes part in activities to call on people to cut back on disposable packaging.(共99张PPT)
教材知识讲练
必修第三册
UNIT 9　LEARNING
1.(事件描写)(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)Then Jeff noticed steam shooting out of the pot and the lid starting to shake.The next minute，the porridge boiled over and put out the fire.
2.(动作描写)(2020·浙江卷)We yelled at the bear，hit pots hard，and fired blank shotgun shells into the air.
3.(心理描写)(2020·浙江卷)Heart in mouth，I reached the fence and looked over.
续写语料积累 背诵·句之美
(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)David had not missed a single practice，and although he always finished his run long after the other children，he did always finish.As a special education teacher at the school，I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.
续写语料积累 欣赏·语之秀
语基自查自测·巩固验收
01
1._________ adj.自动的；无意识的
2.________ n.证据，证明
3.________ adj.不大可能的
4.__________ adj.不熟悉的，不了解的
5.______ prep.超出……范围
6.__________ adj.充足的
7.________ n.方法
8._______ n.上下文；语境；背景
核心单词
automatic
evidence
unlikely
unfamiliar
beyond
sufficient
approach
context
9._______ vt.促进，增进
10._________ adj.情感上的；情绪上的
11.________ adj.灵活的，可变通的
12._______ vt.学习，获得(知识，技能)
13._____ adj.急剧的，猛烈的；尖的，锋利的
14.______ adj.适时的，及时的
15._________ n.技巧，手法
16._________ adj.完全相同的；非常相似的
核心单词
promote
emotional
flexible
acquire
sharp
timely
technique
identical
1.There is strong ________(evident) of a link between exercise and a healthy heart.
2.We will be exploring different __________(approach) to gathering information.
3.Being back with their family should provide _________(emotion) stability for the children.
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
evidence
approaches
emotional
4.First，choose the hand you often use so that you can apply it _______
(flexible).
5.They have begun dialogues _________ (promote) better understanding between both communities.
6.Reading is a complex information process during which one ________ (acquire) language information.
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
flexibly
to promote
acquires
7.A workman must _______ (sharp) his tools if he is to do his work well.
8.The artist combines different __________(technique) in the same painting.
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
sharpen
techniques
1.reflect vi.&vt.仔细思考；表达(意见)；反映→__________ n.映像；反射；思考
2.assume vt.认为；假定，假设→__________ n.假定；假设→_______ adj.假设的；假定的
3.argue vi.争论，争吵→________ n.争论，争吵
4.simple adj.简单的；朴素的；易于理解的→______ adv.仅仅，只→________ vt.使简化→__________ adj.简化了的
派生单词
reflection
assumption
assumed
argument
simply
simplify
simplified
5.arrange v.计划；安排→___________ n.计划；安排
6.excite vt.使兴奋；使激动→________ adj.令人兴奋的；令人激动的→_______ adj.兴奋的；激动的→__________ n.兴奋，激动
7.exist vi.存在；实际上有→_________ n.存在；生活
8.ignore vt.忽视；置之不理→_________ n.无知；愚昧→________ adj.无知的；愚昧的
9.expose vt.使接触；使体验→________ n.暴露；面临
派生单词
arrangement
exciting
excited
excitement
existence
ignorance
ignorant
exposure
1.Jim had a huge ________ with his sister last night，who ______ that Jim had stolen her money.(argue)
2.I carried the small lantern and walked along the river.The light was _________ in the river.The __________ looked so beautiful.(reflect)
3.He _______ that your ___________ were all wrong，including this one.(assume)
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
argument
argued
reflected
reflection
assumed
assumptions
4.This book is a __________ version，which explains grammar ______ and clearly.(simple)
5.He has ________ everything for our trip to Europe.I fully agree to the ___________ and take delight in it.(arrange)
6.The man was _______ at the ________ news that his son was admitted to Peking University.(excite)
7.His skin was _________in the sun so frequently that the __________
eventually led to his health problem.(expose)
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
simplified
simply
arranged
arrangement
excited
exciting
exposed
exposure
1.brush up (on) 温习，复习
2.reflect on 思考
3.argue with 争吵
4.end up doing 最后；最终
5.in short 总而言之；简单地说
6.at the heart of... 在……的中心
7.be honoured to do sth. 很荣幸做某事
高频短语
8.in one way or another 不管怎样
9.as a result 作为结果
10.take it easy 放轻松
11.get in the way 妨碍，阻碍
12.look up 查找
13.in terms of 在……方面
14.what's more 而且
15.make the best use of 充分利用
高频短语
1.The start of a new year is a good time to _________ the many achievements of the past.
2.If you fool about with matches，you'll _____ getting burned.
3.She was surrounded by doctors，lawyers，housewives—people，_______，like herself.
语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
reflect on
end up
in short
4.The distinction between right and wrong lies ____________ all questions of morality.
5.Can you ______ the opening times on the website？
6.Just __________ and tell us what happened.
7.__________ extra staff—how many will we need？
语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
at the heart of
look up
take it easy
In terms of
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
1.部分否定
But this isn't always true. 世界并不总是如我们所愿。
The world ___________ what we wish it to be.
2.祈使句＋and＋陈述句
Be flexible in your opinions and you might end up agreeing with the speaker/writer after all. 快点，你就会赶上那班公共汽车。
________，___ you will catch the bus.
is not always
Hurry up
and
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
3.状语从句的省略
That is to say，most of us will have to make an effort when trying to remember things. 她在沿着河堤走时唱着一首流行歌曲。
______________________________，she was singing a pop song.
While walking along the river bank
考点探究归纳·多维讲练
02
词法探究
句法探究
1　approach [课本义]n.方法[增补义]n.接近；路径v.接近，靠近；接洽；着手处理
练中回想——语法填空
①At the class meeting，they worked out three different approaches __ the study of geometry.
②They have a special approach to ________(bring) up their children.
to
bringing
完美写作——完成句子
______________________________(随着考试的临近)，many students are becoming increasingly nervous.
With the examination approaching
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎approach sth./sb.接近某物/某人
◎an approach to (doing) sth.(做)某事的方法/途径；接近，靠近
with...approaching在……快到的时候
语料输入——必备素材
take a different approach to the problem采用另一种方法来解决这一问题
approach the end of the year 接近年末
2　reflect vi.& vt.[课本义]仔细思考； 表达(意见)；反映[增补义]反射；显示
练中回想——语法填空
①As the small boat moved gently along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently _________(reflect) in the water.
②She was extremely pretty，and her house was a __________ (reflect) of herself，everything in good taste and in perfect order.
reflected
reflection
完美写作——完成句子
Our newspaper aims to __________________________________(表达当地人的心声)．
reflect the views of the local community
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎reflect...in...在……中映出……的影像
reflect on/upon sth.反省/认真思考某事
◎reflection n.反射；反映；映像；沉思；思考
on reflection再三考虑
语料输入——必备素材
reflect on my own decision反思自己的决定
the face was reflected in the mirror脸映照在镜子里
3　argue [课本义]vi.争论，争吵[增补义]vt.证明；表明
练中回想——语法填空
①They argued ___ the right to strike.
②It's no use arguing _____ the question with him for he won't change his opinion.
③They argued him into _______(cycle) instead of driving there.
④Few people can argue _______ the need for improved quality of life.
⑤No one can get the better of her in an ________(argue)．
for
about
cycling
against
argument
完美写作——完成句子
_________________________________(关于这件事我和他争论了一整天)but failed to convince him.
I argued with him about it the whole day
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎argue with sb.about/over sth.与某人争论某事
argue for/against sth.为支持/反对某事而辩论
argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事
◎argument n.理由；论据；争论
语料输入——必备素材
argue them into changing their plan说服他们改变计划
argue for the right to be educated据理力争受教育的权利
4　assume vt.[课本义]认为；假定，假设[增补义]承担(责任)
练中回想——语法填空
①It _________ (assume) that there is a direct link between smoking and lung cancer.
②We assume him ___(be) innocent before hearing the evidence against it.
③_________(assume) the house is for sale，would you buy it
④A lot of people make the __________(assume) that poverty only exists in the Third World.
is assumed
to be
Assuming
assumption
完美写作——句式升级
(普通表达)If our plan is turned down，we will put forward the alternative one.
(高级表达)________________________________，we will put forward the alternative one.
Assuming that our plan is turned down
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎assume＋n.＋(to be)n./adj.认为……是……
It is (generally) assumed that...人们(普遍)认为……
◎assumption n.假定；假设
make assumptions about...假定……
◎assuming (that)...＝supposing (that)...假定……
语料输入——必备素材
assume him to be honest以为他是诚实的
always assume the worst总往最坏处想
be based on a false assumption基于错误的设想
5　exist vi.[课本义]存在；实际上有[增补义]生活，生存
练中回想——语法填空
①Scientists are trying their best to save white-naped cranes from going out of _________(exist)．
②His family had great difficulty existing __ the limited money his father earned during his childhood.
③Moreover，the parking place for bikes was an ________(exist) problem for a long time in our school.
existence
on
existing
完美写作——完成句子
The tradition of celebrating the Spring Festival ____________________
____________________(四千多年前就开始存在了)．
came into existence more
than 4，000 years ago
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎exist in存在于……之中
exist on＝live on靠……为生
There exist...有……，存在……
◎existence n.存在；生存
in existence存在
out of existence消失
come into existence出现，产生
bring...into existence使……出现/产生
语料输入——必备素材
cannot exist without air没有空气就不能生存
exist on such a small income靠这点收入生活
6　recommend vt.推荐；建议
练中回想——语法填空
①My English teacher recommended ______ (buy) an English-Chinese dictionary which he thought would be of great help to my studies.
②I recommend you _______ (think) very carefully before you do anything foolish.
buying
to think
完美写作——一句多译
我们建议你早点儿预订航班。
①We __________________________________________．(用that从句)
②We _________________________________．(用不定式)
recommend that you (should) book your flight early
recommend you to book your flight early
语料输入——必备素材
recommend an experienced English teacher to me给我推荐一位经验丰富的英语老师
recommend you to avoid processed foods
建议你不要食用加工的食品
7　arrangement n.[课本义]计划；安排[增补义]筹备(常用复数形式)
练中回想——语法填空
①Welcome to our school and we have made __ arrangement for you，my dear friends.
②The professor arranged ___ a student ______(meet) his new partner at the subway station，who was unfamiliar with our city.
an
for
to meet
完美写作——完成句子
Will you please inform me of your plan in advance，________________
____________________________________(以便我能为你的造访做相应地安排)？
so that I can make
arrangements for your visit accordingly
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎make arrangements/an arrangement for...
为……做安排
◎arrange v.筹备；安排；整理
arrange to do sth.安排去做某事
arrange for sb.to do sth.安排某人做某事
语料输入——必备素材
arrange for a car to collect us from the airport安排一辆轿车到机场接我们
express their dissatisfaction with the arrangement对这一安排表达他们的不满
8　expose vt.[课本义]使接触；使体验[增补义]暴露
练中回想——语法填空
①Many people in China have limited ________(expose) to English.That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
②If _______ (expose) to the outside surroundings，they'll be stronger and better prepared for their future.
③Don't expose ________to great danger when you're alone.
exposure
exposed
yourself
完美写作——完成句子
_________________________________________________(从小就接触国外的老师)，I can communicate freely with others in English.
Having been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎expose...to...使……接触……
expose oneself to...使自己暴露于……
be exposed to 遭受到；(使)接触到
◎exposure n.暴露；揭露
语料输入——必备素材
want to expose the kids to as much art and culture as possible想让孩子们受到尽可能多的艺术和文化的熏陶
a direct correlation between exposure to sun and skin cancer暴露在太阳下与皮肤癌直接相关
expose a set of amazingly white teeth露出一口雪白的牙齿
9　end up doing 最后；最终
练中回想——语法填空
①It is possible that one day we will end up ____ a disability.
②They win no one's trust and will end up ______(have)no friends at all.
③Stop spending so fast，or you'll end up __ a beggar.
with
having
as
完美写作——完成句子
While studying，fix your mind on what is really important，or _______
_________________________ (你最后什么都记不住)．
end up remembering nothing
you will
练后归纳——搭配拓展
end up in结果为……；最终会……
end up with以……结束，以……告终
end up as最后成为
come to an end结束
put...to an end＝put an end to使……结束
语料输入——必备素材
end up with sweet dreams最后进入甜美的梦乡
end up feeling like a winner终会觉得自己像一个胜利者
10　work out [课本义]弄懂某事物；计算出[增补义]制定出；锻炼身体；成功地发展
练中回想——语法填空
①Let's be practical and work ___ the cost first.
②I leave my little son with Mom when I'm __ work.
③Information about the job market can be a lifeline for those who are ___of work.
out
at
out
完美写作——完成句子
I believe that you can ____________________________(自己能做出这道题)．
work out this problem by yourself
练后归纳——搭配拓展
work at致力于
work on努力改善或完成
be out of work失业
at work在工作
语料输入——必备素材
work out as planned按计划进行
work out at a gym twice a week一周去健身房锻炼两次
11　be based on... 以……为根据
练中回想——语法填空
①Your grade will be based __ four papers and a final exam.
②Hospitals lack even _____ (base) drugs for surgical operations.
③There have been some problems but _________ (base) it's a good system.
on
basic
basically
完美写作——一句多译
这部小说是她根据真实的故事写成的。
①The novel__________ a true story by her.
②__________________，the novel is written by her.
③___________________，she writes/wrote the novel.
is based on
Based on a true story
Basing on a true story
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎base n.基础；以……为根据；根基；底座；源泉vt.以……为据点(或总部等)；把(总部等)设在
base...on/upon...把……建立在……；以……为根据
◎basis n.基础；原因；基准，准则
on the basis of...在……的基础上
◎basic adj.基础的；基本的
basically adv.基本上，大体上
语料输入——必备素材
a movie based on a real-life incident一部以真实事件为蓝本的电影
based on emotion rather than rational thought基于情感而不是理性的思考
12　fit in 融入；相适应
练中回想——语法填空
①He tried to fit in ____ the others，but it was difficult.
②You don't know what he did! He's not fit ____(be) president!
③I recognize that I am not fit ___ the job.
with
to be
for
完美写作——完成句子
①His plans to take his vacation early in August _____________(与我的计划相符合)．
②Generally speaking，_________________________________(她不太适合做这种工作)．
fit in with mine
she's not quite fit for this kind of work
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎fit in with sb./sth.与……合得来；适应
fit sth.to sth.使……与……相符
fit up安装；安放
◎be fit to do sth.适合做某事
be fit for胜任；适合
keep fit保持健康
语料输入——必备素材
fit in with your arrangements 和你的安排不冲突
fit in with the other people与其他人合得来
13　[教材原句]Be flexible in your opinions and you might end up agreeing with the speaker/writer after all.在你的观点上灵活些，最终，你也许会同意说话人或是作者的观点。
练中回想——语法填空
①Hurry up，____________ you will not be able to catch the first bus.
②One more minute，___ I will finish my paper.
完美写作——翻译句子
再给我一个小时，我就会完成工作。
__________________________________________________
or/otherwise
and
Give me one more hour，and I'll get the work finished.
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎祈使句＋and＋陈述句，表示如果做了祈使句表示的内容，就会有后面句子表示的结果。
◎祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陈述句，表示如果不做祈使句表示的内容，就会有后面句子表示的结果。
语料输入——必备素材
Work hard and you will succeed sooner or later.努力工作你迟早会成功。
14　[教材原句]Yet，there are some people who do have amazing memories.然而，有些人确实有着惊人的记忆力。
练中回想——语法填空
①I __ sincerely hope that you can take my application into account at your earliest convenience.
②To our joy，he ___ manage to finish the task ahead of schedule.
do
did
完美写作——完成句子
Don't blame him—______________________________(他至少确实写了信道谢)．
he did at least write to say thank you
练后归纳——搭配拓展
“do/does/did＋动词原形”构成强调句，意为“确实；的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但须符合以下两个条件：
①句子是肯定句；
②句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。
语料输入——必备素材
I did visit you on that stormy night，but you weren't at home，which made me very worried.在那个暴风雨的夜晚我确实去看望你了，但你没在家，这令我很担心。
三层固基达标训练
03
层级一
层级二
层级三
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．The solution they proposed was a __________(reflect) of their attitude to disposable packaging.
2．The peasants depend on a good harvest for their very __________ (exist)．
reflection
existence
3．If you are not contented with our ____________(arrangement)，please tell us so that we can adjust them timely.
4．He is not fit ____ (do) the work，as he is too old.
5．_________(assume) it's possible，how much information can we send
6．Now look at a few of them and some _____(base) examples of using them.
arrangements
to do
Assuming
basic
7．A workman must _______(sharp) his tools if he is to do his work well.
8．If you are free on Friday，we recommend _______(visit) the national museum.
9．________(expose) to wind and rain for many years，the quotes on the headstone are hard to read.
sharpen
visiting
Exposed
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．The most effective approach __ global warming is to cut back on the discharge of carbon dioxide.
2．___ is generally assumed that deserts can be transformed into forests if people plant more trees annually.
3．She was left to reflect __ the implications of her decision.
4．They argued ____ each other about the best place for a holiday.
5．She recommended this movie __ anyone with an interest in the subject.
to
It
on
with
to
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．What worried the officials was that they found the pollutants in the river difficult ________(remove)．
2．One of the first questions they attempted ________(answer) was where does stability come from
to remove
to answer
3．The results I have seen show an ________(impress) and rapid impact on health outcomes.
4．Abuse can lead to both psychological and _________(emotion) problems.
5．The two sets of figures are not _____________ (significant) different.
6．Forgive my _________ (ignore)，but what exactly does the company do
impressive
emotional
significantly
ignorance
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．Whenever I feel nervous about a match，the coach will tell me to take __ easy.
2．Have you come up with some ideas？If __，please put up your hands.
3．As _ result of the heavy fog，all flights have been delayed.
4．The exercise was too difficult，which is ______ the abilities of most of the class.
5．She grew many wonderful plants that were unfamiliar __ me.
it
so
a
beyond
to
Ⅰ.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)As the small boat moved gently along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. __
A．表达　　　B．映出(影像)　　　C．仔细思考
B
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)“Nicolo，”whose real name cannot be exposed to the public because of Italy's privacy laws，finished working the whole night at a factory in Turin. __
A．暴露　　　　B．揭露　　　　C．使面临
3．(2017·浙江卷)The governments argue that this will help foreigners better join the society and promote understanding across cultures. __
A．争论　　　　B．证明　　　　C．论证
A
C
Ⅱ.长难语句(分析句子的结构并将句子翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings，but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution...
化繁为简　本句是一个______，为not...but rather...的并列结构，前半句的主干为The set of speech sounds...has not necessarily remained stable，后半句的主干为the huge variety of speech sounds...is the product of...。
[尝试翻译]自从人类出现后，我们使用的这些语音并不是一成不变的。相反，我们今天发现的多种多样的语音正是多种事物如生物变化与文化演变相互交织、相互作用的产物……
并列句
2．(2022·全国甲卷)This indicates that Goffin's cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space，similar to two-year-old babies.
化繁为简　句中that引导____从句；do强调________possess；when moving objects in space为____状语从句的省略形式。
[尝试翻译]这表明戈芬氏凤头鹦鹉在空间中移动物体时，确实拥有一种非中心的参照系，类似于两岁的婴儿。
宾语
谓语动词
时间
三维提能培优训练
04
维度一
维度二
维度三
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
Anyone can be an active learner if he/she trains 1.________ (active)．Active learners don't pay too much attention 2.__ the inner voice because it can stop them from fully 3._____________(understand)
actively
to
understanding
what they're hearing or reading.4._____(be) an active learner，you can also react to your inner voice，for example，arguing with your inner voice，and questioning your point of view.Be flexible in your opinions and you might end up 5.________(agree) with the speaker/writer after all.Ask as many questions as you can because the answers will lead you to 6._______(far) learning，and the way of working out questions will
To be
agreeing
further
help you 7._________ (achieve) a higher level of understanding about the topic.Don't accept everything you learn and try to find the 8._____(true) at the heart of each idea so you can understand why people believe this.Finally，don't let your feelings get in the way when you're learning.Even if you cannot help 9._________(dislike) some people，you may still be able to learn 10.____ them.
to achieve
truth
disliking
from
Step 1.要点提示(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)
①吉姆和鲍勃是双胞胎，今天上午因为谁应该干家务活而争论起来。
Jim and Bob，who are twins，________________________ who should do the housework this morning.
argued with each other about
②他们争论得如此激烈以至于最后都打起来了。
They argued so fiercely that they _______________．
③妈妈弄懂为什么会发生这样的事后，批评了他们并告诉他们要多考虑别人。
After their mother _________ why this had happened，she criticized them and told them to think more of others.
④他们都承认了自己的错误，并和好了。
They both _____________________ and made peace with each other.
ended up fighting
worked out
admitted their mistakes
Step 2.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
Jim and Bob，who are twins，argued with each other about who should do the housework this morning.They argued so fiercely that they ended up fighting.
After their mother worked out why this had happened，she criticized them and told them to think more of others.As a result，they both admitted their mistakes and made peace with each other.
Step 1.储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
情感描写 动作描写 环境描写
excitement n.兴奋，激动
take it easy放轻松
be honoured to do sth.很荣幸做某事 reflect on思考
argue with争吵
ignore vt.忽视；置之不理
expose vt.使接触；使体验 subway n.(美)地铁
worldwide adj.& adv.遍及世界的；在全世界
helicopter n.直升机
Step 2.尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段)
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。
琳达躺在床上，还在想那天发生的一切。她感到很荣幸能被邀请乘坐直升机飞越城市上空。她假装很镇静，但她那不自觉颤抖的手暴露了她的兴奋和紧张。她希望其他人会忽略这一点，但一个英俊的男孩告诉她要放轻松。太尴尬了！
Lying on the bed，Linda was still reflecting on everything that happened that day.She felt honoured to be invited to take a helicopter above the city.She pretended to be calm，but her automatically trembling hands exposed her excitement as well as nervousness.She hoped others would ignore this，but a handsome boy told her to take it easy.How embarrassed!