续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀
1.(动作描写)(2020·浙江卷) ...a young male polar bear who was playing in a nearby lake sniffed，and smelled our garlic bread.2.(心理描写)(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)I do know how upset the shop staff can get，but I try to persuade them to keep smiling.3.(人物描写)(2022·汕头市模拟)She was one of the friendliest people in school，with shiny black hair and a mile wide smile. (2022·南通市联考)Jordan felt embarrassed，but he pretended not to hear.He quickly paid for all his goods and rushed out of the supermarket，leaving the woman staring at him from behind.He looked at his watch and imagined that he would make it with good luck.He quickly adjusted his scarf and disappeared into the mist like a gust of wind.
核心单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.item n．一项，一条2.informative adj.有教育意义的；知识性强的3.threat n．威胁；(灾难等坏事)发生的可能4.illegally adv.非法地，违法地5.decade n．十年，十年期6.extinct adj.灭绝的，绝种的7.incredibly adv.非常地，极端地8.urgent adj.紧急的，急迫的9.species n．物种，种10.mass adj.大量的11.restore vt.(使)恢复12.decrease n．减少；减少的量vi.&vt.减少13.blame vt.责怪，指责14.realistic adj.现实的，实际的15.claim vt.声称；断言；主张 n．声称；(根据权力而提出的)要求16.relate vi.相联系，有关联 1.Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants，flowers，patterns and masses (mass)of color.2.The book is too long but，nonetheless，informative(information) and entertaining.3.These measures have played a vital role in restoring(restore) the economy.4.This species will be extinct in a few decades (decade).5.To make the training realistic (real) the simulation operates in real time.6.The money could be better spent on more urgent(urgent) cases.7.An operation is beginning to try to save a species of crocodile from extinction(extinct).8.People are becoming more sensitized to the dangers threatening(threaten) the environment.9.If the items(item) are not satisfactory，you will get your money back.
派生单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.conserve v．保存；保护；储藏→conservation n．保护→conservative adj.保守的；守旧的2.recycle vi.&vt.再利用，回收利用→recyclable adj.可回收的→unrecyclable adj.不可回收的3.danger n．危险→dangerous adj.危险的→endanger vt.危及→endangered adj.濒危的4.consume vt.消费；消耗；吃完→consumer n．消费者→consumption n．消费；消耗5.collect vt.收集，采集→collection n．收集；收藏品；专辑6.anxiety n．忧虑，担心→anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的→anxiously adv.焦急地；焦虑地7.annoy vt.打搅；使烦恼→annoyed adj.烦恼的，生气的→annoying adj.使烦恼的→annoyance n．烦恼8.destroy vt.破坏；毁掉→destruction n．破坏；毁掉→destroyer n．破坏者 1.Recyclable materials must be recycled in order to protect our environment.(recycle)2.The food on offer is unfit for human consumption，so its consumers should be animals.(consume)3.Up to now，he has collected a large collection of stamps about animals.(collect)4.To her annoyance，the annoying news that she failed the exam made her parents very annoyed．(annoy)5.He was interested in wildlife conservation and he proposed the local government should introduce some tough new laws to conserve wildlife in the area.(conserve)6.Look out! There are some dangerous animals in the area，including South China Tiger，which is an endangered species.(danger)7.Her husband sat outside the laboratory，anxiously awaiting the result of the medical tests and his anxiety led her to feel more upset.(anxious)
高频短语 语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
1.do one's part尽自己的职责2.die out 消失；绝迹，灭绝3.wipe out彻底毁灭4.be to blame (对某事)负有责任5.be at risk处境危险，受到威胁6.set out开始做某事，着手进行7.be related to与……有关联8.for instance例如9.sum up概括，总结10.take action采取行动11.take steps采取措施12.in short总之13.do away with废除14.get stuck in陷入 1.To sum up，we should form the habit of using mobile phones properly.2.The government has set out to make many needed reforms in the past decade.3.Students ought to do their part to make steady progress.4.To wipe out the resistant force，they declared that they had put arms including advanced tanks and fighter planes in place.5.Many scientists say we are now entering the Earth's sixth mass extinction.This time，human activities will be to blame.6.He had discovered that this noble family had died out and was forgotten.7.123，000 people were at risk of early death over the next 20 years，the study said.
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
1.without引导含蓄虚拟语气Without forests，we would have no air to breathe，and without clean water we would be unable to survive. 没有你的帮助，我们现在就不会有那么大的成就。Without your help，we would not have achieved so much now.
2.over the last＋时间Over the last decade，an average of 2，500 people have died every year in vehicle accidents. 在过去几年里，这里的旅游业获得了相当大的发展。Over the last few years tourism here has developed considerably.
3.with复合结构Storms have been getting worse everywhere too，with more hurricanes hitting the US and Central America. 由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。With prices going up so fast，we can't afford luxuries.
1 threat n．威胁；(灾难等坏事)发生的可能
①Being stuck in a big fire is threatening，and we are threatened with it.(threat)
②He is unlikely to be a threat to the Spanish players in the final.
③David threatened to report (report) his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid.
Since we are still under threat (我们仍然受到威胁)，we really admire them for their courage and contribution.
◎a threat构成威胁的人或事物
under threat受到威胁
◎threaten v．威胁；恐吓；威胁到，危及
threaten to do sth.威胁做某事
◎threatening adj.威胁的；恐吓的
take threats of this kind very seriously对这类威胁非常重视
the clouds threatened rain 乌云密布预示大雨将至
2 switch [课本义]vi.&vt.转换，改变[增补义]vt.交换；调换；对调n.改变；转变；开关；闸
①Switch off the TV before you go out.
②She switched on the lamp because it was dark.
③We asked them if they would switch places with us.
①As far as I know，he started studying history but then switched over to architecture(转为建筑学)．
②Be sure to switch off the light (一定要把灯关掉) when you leave the office.
switch off切断(电源、气体等)
switch on打开(开关)；接通(电源等)
switch (from...) to...(从……)转变成，(从……)转换到
switch sth.with sb.和某人交换某物
switch her attention to films她把注意力投向电影业
encourage companies to switch from coal to cleaner fuels鼓励企业转向使用比煤更清洁的能源
3 urgent adj.紧急的，急迫的
①The report urged that all children (should) be taught(teach) to swim.
②He denounces people who urge him to change(change) his ways.
③I need not press on you the urgency(urgent) of the matter.
There is an urgent need (迫切需要)for qualified teachers.
◎urge v．催促；力劝；强烈要求
urge sb.to do sth.敦促某人做某事
urge that sb.(should) do sth.敦促某人做某事
urge sth.on sb.向某人提出/力陈某事
◎urgency n．紧急的事
an urgent appeal for information 紧急呼吁提供信息
an urgent phone call一个紧急电话
4 decrease n．减少；减少的量vi.&vt.减少
①Reactivity is an increase in negative emotions or a decrease in positive emotions.
②Last year the number of independent firms decreased from 198 to 96.
③The crime rate in this area has decreased to the lowest level nowadays.
Because of human activities，the number of some rare animals is on the decrease(正在减少)．
◎decrease to...减少到……
decrease by...减少了……
decrease from...to...从……减少到……
◎on the decrease正在减少
on the increase正在增加
decreased from 210 to 160 this year今年人数从210减少到160
a decreasing population逐渐减少的人口
be decreasing by 1.4% each year...正在以每年1.4%的速度下降
5 blame [课本义]vt.责怪，指责[增补义]n.责任；责备；指责
①If that happens，the coach will take the blame for it.
②You are not to blame (blame)．I can't put the blame on you.
③You shouldn't blame John for the failure.＝You shouldn't blame the failure on John.
(普通表达)Alice was in low spirits because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network.
(高级表达)Blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network，Alice was in low spirits.(过去分词短语作状语),
◎blame sb.for...因……而指责某人；把……归咎于某人
blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人
be to blame (for sth.)(为某事)承担责任；(因某事)该受责备(主动形式表被动意义)
◎take/deserve the blame for...对……负责；为……承担责任
put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.把某事推到某人身上/归咎于某人
blame the accident on dangerous driving把事故原因归咎于危险驾驶
blame oneself for what happened为发生的事责怪自己
6 relate [课本义]vi.相联系，有关联[增补义]vt.使有联系；把……联系起来；叙述；讲述
①We must relate these principles to our everyday work.
②I am not related(relate) to him in any way.
③It's unfortunate when a father and son can't relate to each other.
你应该把与这个问题有关的所有信息都写下来。
①You should write down all the information related to the problem.(relate)
②You should write down all the information in relation to the problem.(relation),
◎related adj.有关系的，相关的
be related to 与……有关系
◎relate...to/with...向……讲述；把……联系起来
relate to...和……有关联
◎relation n．联系，关系
in/with relation to与……有关；涉及；与……相比
be related to productivity和业绩挂钩
relate her childhood experiences to me向我讲述了她童年的经历
have some comments to make in relation to this matter关于这件事有几点看法
7 claim [课本义]vt.声称；断言；主张n.声称；(根据权力而提出的)要求[增补义]n.索赔
①You could have claimed the cost of the hotel room from your insurance.
②He entered the manager's office and made a claim for higher pay.
③Doctors claimed to have discovered (discover) a cure for the disease.
It is claimed that(据称)humor not only affects patients' moods，but can actually help them recover faster.
◎claim sth.要求获得某物；认领
claim to do/be...声称要做/是……
claim that...声称，断言
claim to have done...声称做了……
◎make a claim for要求……；提出，主张
claim a major breakthrough in the fight against cancer宣称攻克癌症已有重大突破
claim damages from the company for the injury 因受伤向公司要求获得赔偿金
8 die out 消失；绝迹，灭绝
①As the region is becoming hotter，this kind of grass is dying off．
②Their chatter and laughter die away as the group rushed out of the classroom.
③When all the guests had left，the whole house died down．
④We need to take action before all the endangered animals died out．
As a result，these endangered animals may die out(这些濒危的动物可能会灭绝)．
die away逐渐减弱，逐渐模糊，逐渐消失
die down逐渐降低，逐渐平息
die off相继死去
die of死于(内因)
die from死于(外因)
many species will soon die out if we don't take action如果我们不采取行动，许多物种将很快灭绝
her patience started to die away她逐渐失去耐心
9 be at risk 处境危险，受到威胁
①He jumped into the river at the risk of losing his life.
②I didn't want to take/run the risk of leaving(leave) John alone.
③He worked hard，for he couldn't risk losing(lose) the good job.＝He worked hard，for he couldn't take/run the risk of losing the good job.
He had shown himself careless of personal safety where the life of his colleagues might be at risk(他的同事身处危险时)．
◎at the risk of...冒……的危险
take risks/a risk冒险
put one's life at risk冒生命危险
◎risk doing sth.冒险做某事
risk one's life to do sth.冒着生命危险做某事
be at risk of infection冒着被感染的风险
be at risk from flooding遭到洪水侵袭的危险
have no right to take risks with other people's lives 没有权利拿别人的生命去冒险
10 set out [课本义]开始做某事，着手进行[增补义]动身；启程
①We set out to paint (paint) the whole house but finished only the front part that day.
②When the meeting was over，he set about writing (write) a report about it immediately.
③Mary would always set down new ideas that occurred to her.
(普通表达)Considering his health，I advise him to save an hour or two each day to work out.
(高级表达)Considering his health，I advise him to set aside an hour or two each day to work out.
set about sth./doing sth.着手某事/做某事
set aside把……放置一旁，不理会；留出
set back妨碍；阻碍
set down把……放下来；写下；记下
set in(气候，季节等)开始
set off动身，出发；发射；使爆炸
set up创立
set out to search for his pet cat出门去找他的宠物猫
set aside an hour a day for review purpose每天留出一小时用于复习
set off at a cracking pace迅速地出发
set about finding a solution着手寻找一个解决办法
11 [教材原句]Without forests，we would have no air to breathe，and without clean water we would be unable to survive.没有森林，我们就不能呼吸空气；没有干净的水，我们将无法生存。
①Without diverse creatures and plants，our globe would be(be) less interesting.
②Mr Brown gave me a helping hand.Otherwise，I would have got (get)into great trouble.
③But for your advice，I would have no way to deal with the problem.
But for a knee injury，he would take part in the basketball match today(他今天将参加篮球比赛)．
◎without引导含蓄虚拟语气既可表示与现在事实相反的假设(主句中用would/could/might/should do)；也可表示与过去事实相反的假设(主句中用would/could/might/should have done)。
◎有类似用法的还有：with，otherwise/or(否则)，but for(要不是)等。
But for the careful preparation，our project wouldn't have progressed so smoothly.要是没有精心的准备，我们的项目不会进展这么顺利的。
12 [教材原句]Storms have been getting worse everywhere too，with more hurricanes hitting the US and Central America.暴风雨愈发肆虐，越来越多的飓风袭击美国和中美洲。
①I won't be able to go on holiday with my mother being(be) ill.
②She was thinking for a while with her eyes fixed(fix) on the picture.
(普通表达)As he had a lot of work to do，he wasn't allowed to go out.
(高级表达)With a lot of work to do，he wasn't allowed to go out.(用with的复合结构),
with的复合结构，形式为with＋宾语＋宾语补足语，这一结构在句中可作状语也可作定语。在这一结构中，作宾补的可以是形容词、副词、介词短语、动词 ing形式、过去分词短语、不定式等。
With ideals in mind，your life will never lose its direction，which is like a tower in the dark.有理想在心头，你的生活就永远不会迷失方向，它就像黑暗中的灯塔。
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．It is claimed(claim) that another three astronauts will be sent into space next month.
2．In fact，he was really to blame(blame) for his careless driving.
3．At the risk of being scolded(scold)，he drove his father's car to school.
4．All the afternoon he worked with the door locked (lock)．
5．Much of the crime in this area is related(relate) to drug abuse.
6．Without the hybrid rice cultivated，many people would have died(die) from hunger in the past.
7．However hard he works，he won't be recognised as a success，which is really annoying(annoy)．
8．He has been living in this country illegally (legal) since May 2012，with no visa.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．It is his lack of self discipline that is related to his being fired by the company.
2．You are required to sum up the main idea of the passage with a maximum of 6 words.
3．The number of teaching staff members in this school has decreased to 700 persons.
4．We need to switch off the cell phone and leave the children to play by themselves.
5．Without what you had done for me，I would never be a successful businessman.
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．He even received a medal from the Chinese government for his conservation (conserve) efforts.
2．It was the most extreme example of cruelty (cruel) to animals I had ever seen.
3．He wrapped(wrap) the package in brown paper and tied it with string.
4．His car turned over and caught on fire and yet，incredibly(incredible)，he escaped unscathed.
5．We waited with anxiety (anxious) for the news of her safe arrival.
6．We should raise awareness (aware) of protecting our environment.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．A volcanic eruption nearly wiped out the small island of Montserrat in 1997.
2．These measures have had a vital role in restoring the economy.
3．They are still hunting for the missing boy，who disappeared last Sunday after attending his friend's birthday party.
4．The country needs new leadership if she is to play a role in future development.
5．There are jobs more dangerous than truck driving，for instance，training lions.
Ⅰ.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)I stuck the chicken in the freezer. C
A．戳 B．插入 C．放置
2．(2021·浙江1月卷)At first I got jammed just above my eyes and then，as I went on with my task，unwilling to quit，my nose briefly prevented entry. A
A．动弹不得；卡住了
B．塞入；塞进
C．即兴演奏
3．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off“switch” where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight. C
A．改变 B．(铁路的)道岔 C．转换器
4．(2020·江苏卷)...I also began to find something else，a collection of scientists，usually brilliant，occasionally half mad，who made the discoveries. B
A．收藏品 B．一群人 C．募集
Ⅱ.长难语句(分析句子的结构并将句子翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.
本句为主从复合句。主句是Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine；关系副词where引导限制性定语从句修饰 care homes，且在从句中作状语。
[尝试翻译]养老院的工作人员报告说，在使用母鸡的地方，药物的使用有所减少。
2．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they've gone to bed.
本句为主系表结构的简单句。and 连接两个并列表语，letting the hens out 作方式状语，to see they've gone to bed 为目的状语。
[尝试翻译]我早上坐着轮椅下去让母鸡出窝，晚上再下去看它们睡觉。
3．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)The staff is friendly and helpful，providing you with a map of the city when you arrive，and offering advice if you require some.
本句是简单句。主句为The staff is friendly and helpful，两个非谓语动词短语providing...和offering...作状语，其中两个非谓语动词短语中都含有一个从句，分别是时间状语从句when you arrive和条件状语从句 if you require some。
[尝试翻译]工作人员是热情且乐于助人的，在你到达时会给你提供一张城市地图，如果你需要的话会提供建议。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
In our Earth's history，there have been five times 1.when life on Earth has almost ended.The third mass extinction 2.killed(kill) 90% to 96% of all species and the fifth event caused the 3.death(die) of the dinosaurs.The reasons for extinctions are varied.The natural reasons include volcanic eruptions，asteroids hitting the Earth from space，changes in sea levels，the decrease 4.of the oxygen content of the sea and 5.global(globe) warming.This time，man will be to blame 6.for the Earth's sixth mass extinction.Air and water pollution，forests being destroyed，factory farming and overfishing are causing species to die out 1，000 times 7.faster(fast) than normal.We ought to take action to avoid a 8.sixth(six)extinction now，which means we have to save 9.endangered(endanger)species，change how we work and travel and improve our farming methods to reduce water，air and land pollution.In short，if we want to survive，we need to stop 10.destroying(destroy) the planet that we live on and start to protect it.
Step 1.要点提示(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)
①每天我们会碰到交通阻塞，抵达工作地点或者学校时感到心力交瘁、心烦气躁。
We get stuck in traffic jams and arrive at the workplace or school，stressed out，tired and angry，every day.
②和真正的社会损失相比，个人的愤怒和焦虑根本不值一提。
Personal anger and stress are nothing compared to the real costs socially.
③在过去的二十年里，路上行驶的汽车数量增加了25%。
In the last 20 years，the number of cars on the roads has gone up by 25%.
④在过去十年中，平均每年有2 500人死于交通事故。
Over the last decade，vehicle accidents have caused an average of 2，500 deaths every year.
⑤来自汽车发动机的各种类型的温室气体导致全球变暖和气候变化。
Various types of greenhouse gases from car engines lead to global warming and climate change．
⑥每年有近3万人死于空气污染，并且有些癌症与交通污染有关。
Almost 30，000 deaths per year are caused by air pollution and some types of cancer are related to traffic pollution.
⑦我们应当立刻采取行动——迈开你的腿，乘坐公共交通工具和与他人拼车。
We should take action at once—using your legs，using public transport and sharing cars with someone else．
Step 2.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
We get stuck in traffic jams and arrive at the workplace or school，stressed out，tired and angry，every day.But personal anger and stress are nothing compared to the real costs socially.In the last 20 years，the number of cars on the roads has gone up by 25%.Over the last decade，vehicle accidents have caused an average of 2，500 deaths every year.Various types of greenhouse gases from car engines lead to global warming and climate change.Almost 30，000 deaths per year are caused by air pollution and some types of cancer are related to traffic pollution.So we should take action at once—using your legs，using public transport and sharing cars with someone else.
Step 1.储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
情感描写 环境描写 动作描写
anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的stressed out焦虑的anger n.愤怒；怒气annoyed adj.烦恼的，生气的 varied adj.各种各样的，形形色色的shell n．壳；贝壳dirt n．灰尘，尘土traffic jam交通堵塞typhoon n．台风valley n．谷，山谷scenic adj.景色优美的historic adj.古老的；历史上重要的 blame v．责怪，指责set out开始做某事，着手进行wrap v.包，裹swallow vi.& vt.吞下，咽下carve vt.雕，刻
Step 2.尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段)
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。
Cinderella住在一个历史悠久、风景优美的小镇上。然而，她最近对一些现象感到恼火。无论她走到哪里，她都会看到各种各样的塑料包装、坚果壳和雕刻在墙壁和树木上的字。此外，镇上还经常有交通堵塞。她对小镇感到焦虑，Cinderella去年开始和其他环保人士一起清理垃圾。她没有把污染归咎于游客，而是决定用自己的行为来影响他人。
Cinderella lives in a historic scenic town.However，she is annoyed about some phenomena recently.Everywhere she goes，she will see varied plastic packaging，shells of nuts and characters carved on walls and trees.Besides，there are often traffic jams in the town.Anxious about her town，Cinderella set out to clean up the rubbish with other environmentalists last year.Instead of blaming the tourists for pollution，she decides to affect others with her behaviour.(共105张PPT)
教材知识讲练
选择性必修第一册
UNIT 1 RELATIONSHIPS
1.(对话描写)(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)“I know you have made full preparations for the run，” I put my palm on his back and persuaded him to take part in the run.“Ignore what the players from other teams would say and I believe you could make it！”
续写语料积累 背诵·句之美
2.(心理描写)(2019·天津卷)I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night，when fear seized me.
3.(景物描写)(2022·日照市模拟)He wanted to show us the beauty of the trees and have us smell the freshness in the mountains.
续写语料积累 背诵·句之美
(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)Thankfully，Jeff stayed calm and turned off the gas quickly.But the stove was a mess now.Jenna told Jeff to clean it up so they could continue to cook the rest of the porridge.But Jeff's hand touched the hot burner and he gave a cry of pain.Jenna made him put his hand in cold water.Then she caught the smell of burning.Oh dear！The piece of bread in the pan had turned black as well.
续写语料积累 欣赏·语之秀
语基自查自测·巩固验收
01
1.______ n.幽默感
2._________ n.意图，目的；打算
3._________ vt.与某人交往
4.________ n.赞许；同意
5.____ vt.主办；做……的东道主 n.主人；主持人
6.________ adj.感激的，感谢的
7._________ adj.实际的；实践的；切实可行的
8.___________ n.刺激
核心单词
humour
intention
associate
approval
host
grateful
practical
stimulation
9.__________ adj.值得做的；重要的；有益的
10._____ adj.烦恼的，心烦意乱的 vt.使生气，使心烦意乱
11.___________ n.约定；约会
12._________ adj.要求严格的；费力的
13.______ vt.应在(某处)；适应
14.____ vt.缺乏
15.______ n.方式，方法
16._____ vi.&vt.推迟，延期
核心单词
worthwhile
upset
appointment
demanding
belong
lack
manner
delay
1.She became famous through her ___________(associate) with the group of poets.
2.Japan ______(host) the Olympic Games in Tokyo in 2021.
3.It's incredible how much Francesca wants her father's ________ (approve).
4.Though _______(lack) money，his parents，making their living by working abroad，managed to send him to a key middle school.
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
association
hosted
approval
lacking
5.It is bad _______ (manner)to talk with your mouth full of food.
6.He delayed _______(tell) her the news，waiting for the right moment.
7.I am not satisfied with your explanation and ______(intention) to take the matter further.
8.This is a permanent ___________(appoint)，requiring commitment and hard work.
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
manners
telling
intend
appointment
1.occasion n.机会；场合→__________ adj.偶尔的；偶然的→____________ adv.偶尔；偶然
2.complain vi.&vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚→_________ n.抱怨；不满
3.access n.进入；接触的机会→__________ adj.易到达的，易接近的→____________ adj.难达到的；难接近的；难见到的
派生单词
occasional
occasionally
complaint
accessible
inaccessible
4.shame n.羞耻；羞愧→________ adj.可耻的；不道德的→_________ adj.无耻的；不知羞耻的→_______ adj.羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的
5.distract vt.使分心→__________ adj.心神不定的，精神无法集中的→___________ n.使人分心的事物
6.real adj.真正的→______ adv.真正地→_______ n.现实；真实
派生单词
shameful
shameless
ashamed
distracted
distraction
really
reality
1.This is my ________ visit to the theme park，in which I __________
meet the cartoon characters I like most.(occasion)
2.Free Internet _____ at home is a huge step in making online education __________ to everybody.(access)
3.After a serious illness，he ______ understood the ____ meaning of _______．(real)
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
occasional
occasionally
access
accessible
really
real
reality
4.The manager received a letter of _________，in which the customer __________ about their bad service.(complain)
5.Her mind was __________ from her studies last night with so many ____________ around her.(distract)
6.You should be _______ of your ________ behaviors or you will be a _________ man.(shame)
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
complaint
complained
distracted
distractions
ashamed
shameful
shameless
1.for the first time 初次，第一次
2.pour into 投入(倒)……于某物
3.associate with 与某人交往
4.obsess over 对……过分担心
5.chatter away 喋喋不休
6.on behalf of sb. 代表某人
7.in contrast to 和……对比
高频短语
8.add up to 总计达到
9.set off 引爆；出发
10.lack confidence in 在……缺乏信心
11.have access to 获许进入
12.check through 查看；校阅
13.in reality 事实上
14.chase after 追逐
15.bend over 伏在……上面
高频短语
1.We usually _____________ living things: a wish to preserve its own existence.
2.When he got a job，he ____________ being out of work because he didn't have a passbook.
3.Online networks，____________ the old kind，are open to all and easy to join.
语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
associate with
obsessed over
in contrast to
4.___________ my company，I must express my thanks to you again and again for your generous help when we were in great trouble.
5.As technology develops，we can ___________the information swiftly.
6.Jamie looked on John as his only real friend，but _________ John often spoke ill of him.
语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
On behalf of
have access to
in reality
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
1.what引导的同位语从句
I had no idea what hydrogen was，and I didn't really want to know，either！ 将会发生什么的困惑使我无法入睡。
The confusion ______________ makes me unable to sleep.
2.if only引导的虚拟条件句
Sometimes I think，if only I could call him and ask for his opinion！ 要是我有一个永不疲惫的身体就好了。
_________________ that never felt tired.
what will happen
If only I had a body
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
3.not all部分否定
However，I have not done as well with all my students as I have with Graham. 不是所有的人都适合从事那类工作。
________________________ that kind of work.
Not all men are suitable for
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
4.it作形式宾语
According to research，over two-thirds of young people find it easier to make friends online than it is “in real life”． 他发现戒烟很困难。
He found ____________________
______________.
it very hard to break the
cigarette habit
考点探究归纳·多维讲练
02
词法探究
句法探究
1 grateful adj.感激的，感谢的
练中回想——语法填空
①I will be deeply grateful __ you for your kindness for the rest of my life.
②She was grateful ___ everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her.
③When knowing that my niece was saved，I bowed again and again with _________(grateful)．
to
for
gratitude
完美写作——完成句子
_________________(我将不胜感激)if you could give me some advice on how to deliver a speech.
I would be grateful
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎be grateful to sb.(for sth.)(因某事)感激某人
be grateful to do sth.因做某事而感激
I would be grateful if you could do...如果你能做……，我将不胜感激。
◎gratitude n.感激
with gratitude感激地
语料输入——必备素材
be grateful to all the teachers for their help 感谢所有老师的帮助
give him a grateful smile感激地对他笑了笑
2 practical adj.实际的；实践的；切实可行的
练中回想——语法填空
①Listen! Someone is practicing _______(play) the piano.
②This kind of product is worthless for all _________(practice) purposes.
完美写作——完成句子
I want to speak about how we apply these principles __________(在实践中)．
playing
practical
in practice
练后归纳——搭配拓展
practice n.实践；实际行动；惯例；惯常做的事v.练习；实习；实行
in practice实际上；事实上
practice (doing) sth.练习(做)某事
语料输入——必备素材
a practical method实用的方法；有效的方法
for (all) practical purposes实际上
3 lack [课本义]vt.缺乏[增补义]vt.缺少；没有 n.缺乏；短缺
练中回想——语法填空
①Later，he worked in Africa，where many people suffered from blindness for lack __ proper treatment.
②It is obvious that the young girl is _______(lack) in useful skills.
完美写作——完成句子
________________________(尽管缺乏经验)，they managed to organise the rescue effectively.
of
lacking
Though lacking experience
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎(a) lack of缺少……
for/through lack of因缺少……
◎lacking adj.不足的；缺乏的
be lacking in在……方面缺乏
语料输入——必备素材
a lack of knowledge about the computer对电脑缺乏了解
be completely lacking in originality 完全没有创意
4 access [课本义]n.进入；接触的机会[增补义]vt.存取(计算机文件)；到达；进入；使用
练中回想——语法填空
①Public libraries connected by a cooperative network benefit readers by giving access __ online reading at a library branch.
②5G technology is not __________(access) to millions of people living in rural areas.
to
accessible
完美写作——完成句子
By studying online，students can _______________________________
________(很容易进入课堂) given by excellent teachers.
have/get/obtain/gain easy access to
lectures
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎have/get/obtain/gain access to拥有/获得……的机会；可以接近/进入
give access to准许进入(接近)
◎accessible adj.可接近的；可使用的
be accessible to可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的
语料输入——必备素材
the only access to the village通往村庄的唯一道路
allow easy access for wheelchairs便于轮椅进出
5 upset adj.烦恼的，心烦意乱的vt.生气，使心烦意乱
练中回想——语法填空
①Seeing his children were upset ___________ the mess，the father encouraged them to try again.
②The mother was upset _______(know) that her son often got distracted in classes.
about/by/at
to know
完美写作——完成句子
_____________(令我感到烦恼的是) is that you will return to your country soon.
What upsets me
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎be upset by/about/at sth.为某事心烦
be upset to do sth./that...对做某事感到不安
◎What upsets sb.is that...让某人心烦的是……
It upsets sb.to do sth./that...做某事让人心烦/让某人心烦的是……
语料输入——必备素材
upset the ecological balance of the area破坏这个地区的生态平衡
6 ashamed adj.羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的
练中回想——语法填空
①“Ouverture des portes.” is the only French phrase I mastered，and __ is a shame that I don't have much use for it.
②We are often ashamed __ our shortcomings，our mistakes and our failures.
it
of
完美写作——心理描写续写佳句
______________________(既尴尬又愧疚)，he lowered his head，motionless.
Embarrassed and ashamed
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎be ashamed to do...耻于做……；因做……而羞愧
be/feel ashamed of...对……感到惭愧/羞耻
◎shame n.羞耻；羞愧
It's a shame that...……是令人遗憾的事。
语料输入——必备素材
bring shame on her family使她的家人蒙羞
be a crying shame to waste food浪费食物真不像话
7 manner n.[课本义]方式；方法[增补义]举止；态度；礼貌；礼仪；习俗
练中回想——语法填空
①I wouldn't have dared to ask you，but my teacher，Mr Mills，says I am ready.I plan to make it __ an admirable manner.
②It is bad _______(manner) to give feedback by chattering away constantly.
in
manners
完美写作——完成句子
The following are my suggestions _______________________________
________(在中国如何注意餐桌礼仪)．
on how to mind your table manners
in China
练后归纳——搭配拓展
in a/an...manner以……的方式
It's bad/good manners to do sth.做……是没有/有礼貌的。
table manners餐桌礼仪
语料输入——必备素材
try to adopt a more relaxed manner试着用一种更加放松的方式
conduct myself in a professional manner 以专业的态度行事
8 associate vt.[课本义]与某人交往[增补义]联想；联系
练中回想——语法填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)As a result，she says，some of the injuries __________(associate) with running，such as runner's knee，are uncommon among race walkers.
②We often associate social networking ____ Internet addiction in reality.
with
associated
完美写作——完成句子
______________________________________(如果你和思想积极的人交往)，you will also become optimistic.
If you associate with positive-thinking people
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎associate...with...把……和……联系在一起
associate with sb.与某人交往
◎associated adj.有联系的
be associated with...与……有关
◎association n.协会；关联；交往
in association with...与……合作；与……有关联
语料输入——必备素材
join educational associations in an attempt to better themselves加入了各种教育协会，以求上进
9 complain vi.&vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚
练中回想——语法填空
①I'm going to complain __ the council about this!
②All the guests complained _____ the noise.
③We received a number of __________(complain) from customers about the lack of parking facilities.
to
about
complaints
完美写作——完成句子
I'm going to ___________________________________(就他的服务向经理投诉)．
complain to the manager about his service
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎complain about/of抱怨……
complain to向……投诉
◎complaint n.抱怨；不满
make a complaint about/of抱怨……
语料输入——必备素材
it's no good complaining抱怨毫无用处
can't complain没的抱怨
complain about the excessive noise 抱怨噪音太大
10 appointment n.[课本义]约定；约会[增补义]任命；委任；职务；职位
练中回想——语法填空
①They appointed him __ captain of the England team.
②We must appoint someone _____(act) as secretary.
③The time _________(appoint) for the meeting was 10：30.
as
to act
appointed
完美写作——完成句子
___________________________(如果电话预约)，it'll save you waiting.
If you phone for an appointment
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎appoint vt.任命，委派，约定(时间、地点等)
appoint sb.任命某人
appoint sb.as/to be...把某人任命为……
appoint sb.to do sth.指派某人做某事
◎make/fix an appointment with与……约会
keep/break one's appointment守约/失约
语料输入——必备素材
keep an appointment守约
at the appointed time在约定的时间
11 approval n.赞许；同意
练中回想——语法填空
My niece wanted to associate with her boyfriend known online，but my sister didn't approve __ it.The girl was desperate for her mother's _________(approve) and asked me for help.However，I _____________
(approve) of the dangerous relationship as well.
of
approval
disapproved
完美写作——一句多译
如果您批准我们的提议，我们将不胜感激。
① We would be grateful ____________________________．(approve)
② We would be grateful ______________________________________．
(approval)
if you could approve our proposal
if you could give your approval to our proposal
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎approve v.同意；批准；通过
disapprove v.不赞成，反对
approve of赞成，同意
◎give one's approval to sth.批准某事
approving adj.赞许的
语料输入——必备素材
will be submitted to the committee for official approval将送交委员会正式批准
not approve of me leaving school this year不同意我今年离校
give him an approving look对他投以赞许的目光
12 used to 过去经常，曾经
练中回想——语法填空
①Now he has got used to _____(go) to work by bike.
②Knives are used _____ (cut) things.
going
to cut
完美写作——翻译句子
①这个可以用来做相同的事情。
______________________________
②她将会习惯于早起。
________________________________
③我过去经常在清晨去取邮件。
_______________________________________
It can be used to do the same thing.
She will be used to getting up early.
I used to get the mail early in the morning.
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎used to do sth.表示“过去经常做某事”，现在已经不再做了
◎be/get used to (doing) sth.表示“习惯于(做)某事”，现在依旧在做
◎be used to do sth.表示“被用于做某事”，是被动语态
语料输入——必备素材
not what it used to be不是以前那个样子了
used to go sailing on the lake in summer从前在夏天经常泛舟湖上
13 take up [课本义]占据[增补义]拿起；开始从事；继续
练中回想——语法填空
①Technology is here to help us，but we should not allow it to take ____ our lives.
②These promises are a trap and I won't be taken__．
③Don't take __ more responsibilities than you can handle.
over
in
on
完美写作——完成句子
I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldn't want to _______
___________________(占用您太多的时间)．
too much of your time
take up
练后归纳——搭配拓展
take in吸收；收留；欺骗；领会
take on雇用；承担(工作、责任)；呈现
take over接管
take...for granted认为……理所当然
语料输入——必备素材
take up a position in the centre of the room占据了房间中心的位置
take it for granted that they would approve of the idea想当然地认为他们一定会同意这个想法
14 [教材原句]Sometimes I think，if only I could call him and ask for his opinion！有时我想，要是我能打电话给他，征求他的意见就好了！
练中回想——语法填空
①The salesgirl feels upset.If only there ____(be) more kind customers and fewer complaints.
②If only we ________(have)your help and professional instruction，we would have done more brilliantly in the oral English competition.
were
had had
完美写作——完成句子
①If only I ________________________(要是能永远陪伴你就好了)．
②Only if you follow the doctor's advice _________________(才能早日康复)．
could accompany you forever
can you recover soon
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎if only...意为“要是……就好了”，句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气。
if only...did...表示与现在事实相反的愿望。
if only...had done...表示与过去事实相反的愿望。
◎only if意为“只要；只有”，引导条件状语从句。only if位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。
语料输入——必备素材
If only I could stop all the bad things in the world and make all families happy.要是我能阻止这个世界上一切不美好的东西，让所有的家庭都幸福就好了。
15 [教材原句]But he's also never felt more alone.但他也从未感到如此孤单。
练中回想——语法填空
①I couldn't agree with you ____(much)．
②No other book has had a _______ (great) effect on my life.
more
greater
完美写作——一句多译
李洋在班里学习最努力。
①Li Yang studies harder ____________________ in his class.(the other)
②Li Yang studies harder ___________________ in his class.(any other)
③Li Yang studies harder _________________________ in his class.(any of the other)
④Li Yang studies harder ______________ in his class.(anyone)
than the other students
than any other student
than any of the other students
than anyone else
练后归纳——搭配拓展
句中never...more...为比较级的否定形式表示最高级含义。最高级意义的多种表达法通常有以下几种：
◎否定词＋形容词/副词比较级(＋than)
◎否定词＋so/as ＋形容词/副词原级＋as
◎比较级＋ than＋the other＋名词复数/any other＋名词单数/any of the other＋名词复数/anyone else
语料输入——必备素材
At that moment，nothing could be better than her smile.在那一刻，没有什么能比她的微笑更美的了。
三层固基达标训练
03
层级一
层级二
层级三
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．The writer of this book criticized some political issues in a ________ (humour) way.
2．Husband and wife should switch roles with each other ____________ (occasion)．
humorous
occasionally
3．It is bad _______(manner) to argue with your teachers or parents in public.
4．My sister's recommendation was that I should apply to join the student ___________(associate)．
5．If only I _____________(not ignore) the advice that my partner offered to me!
manners
association
hadn't ignored
6．The young couple used to drink coffee，but now they get used to________(drink) tea.
7．He put forward a _________ (practice) plan at the meeting yesterday.
8．In some cases people have had to wait several weeks for an ___________(appoint)．
drinking
practical
appointment
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．I was grateful ___ his timely help and expressed my gratitude to him in person.
2．A lack __ evidence made it difficult for him to prove his innocence.
3．Though we are a little upset _____ the unpleasant feedback，it can help us in many ways.
4．I didn't work out the maths problem on the blackboard，and I felt ashamed __ it.
5．This is a lot easier when you associate ____ positive people.
for
of
about
of
with
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空
1．There was a flood of water _______(pour) into the basement.
2．With the _________(intend) of making a fortune，more and more people intended to invest here.
pouring
intention
3．Many people expressed a strong __________(prefer) for the original plan.
4．You have no idea how _________(depress) it made me.
5．TV can be a welcome ___________ (distract) after a hard day's work.
preference
depressed
distraction
6．An English Drama Competition will ___________ (organise) in our school next week.
7．As is known to us all，China is a developing country ____________
(belong) to the Third World.
8．It isn't worthwhile _____________________(quarrel) with her about such little things.
be organised
belonging
quarrelling/to quarrel
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．This is __ effective method for Chinese students to learn English well.
2．I find __ easy to work this math problem out with this method.
3．I realized that he and I belonged __ different worlds.
4．The classroom teacher must be sensitive __ a child's needs.
5．Whenever these girls get together，they chatter ____ non-stop.
an
it
to
to
away
Ⅰ.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Even worse，I had unthinkingly bought way too much；I could have made six salads with what I threw out. __
A．道路 B．方法 C．很远；大量
C
2．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn't have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. __
A．流动 B．流畅 C．不断供应
3．(2020·浙江卷)Farming produced more food per person than hunting and gathering，so people were able to raise more children. __
A．提高 B．筹集 C．抚养
B
C
4．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)...with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics (美学) on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. __
A．增加；激发
B．给……提供燃料
C．给(交通工具)加油
A
Ⅱ.长难语句(分析句子的结构并将句子翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Producing food that no one eats wastes the water，fuel，and other resources used to grow it.
化繁为简 本句是主从复合句，主句Producing food wastes the water，fuel，and other resources为主谓宾结构，that no one eats是____从句，修饰前面的名词food；used to grow it是过去分词作后置____，修饰other resources。
[尝试翻译]生产无人食用的食物会浪费水、燃料和其他用于种植的资源。
定语
定语
2．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients，while a cheater might use it to control potential victims.
化繁为简 本句为while连接的______。前一个分句的主干为The ability may be used by a doctor，to accurately understand how others are feeling为动词不定式短语作定语，修饰_______，其中how引导____从句；to find how best to help her patients作____状语；后一个分句中to control potential victims为____状语。
[尝试翻译]医生可能利用这种准确理解他人感受的能力来找到最好的帮助病人的方法，而骗子可能利用这种能力来控制潜在的受害者。
并列句
ability
宾语
目的
目的
三维提能培优训练
04
维度一
维度二
维度三
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
Graham used to be not very good at most school 1._______(subject)．
But when he was 15 and went into Mr Jenkins' class，he really became interested 2.__ science for the first time.Before Mr Jenkins taught him，
subjects
in
science had 3.______(simple) been a subject full of strange words to Graham.He found it all so 4.______(bore) and difficult.But Mr Jenkins made everything 5.___________(interest) with lots of practical examples and in simple language.Graham wasn't a willing student，but he wasn't slow 6._______(learn) new things.The problem was that he lacked 7._________(confident) in himself.Mr Jenkins made him feel that
simply
boring
interesting
to learn
confidence
he had his own strengths.Mr Jenkins once asked him 8.______ (give) a presentation of the stars and planets to the class.That was really 9.___ first time he tried to explain science to an audience and now it's his job! Although Graham hasn't seen Mr Jenkins 10._____ he left school，he often thinks about Mr Jenkins.
to give
the
since
Step 1.要点提示(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)
①马克一直都在和网友交往，查看所有的社交网络应用，阅读电子邮件，回复短信。
Mark never stops ______________ his friends online，______________ all his social networking apps，reading his emails and answering text messages.
socialising with
checking through
②社交网络在很多方面支配着他的生活。
Social networking ________________ in so many ways.
③由于他花了很多时间在社交网络上，他总是拖延一些在现实生活中很重要的事情。
Since he ___________________________ online，he _____________ things that are important in his real life.
dominates his life
spends so much time socialising
keeps delaying
④他和朋友们经常在网上喋喋不休，但他们见面时却无话可说。
His friends and he ___________ online so much，but they ___________
_____________ when they meet.
⑤他甚至无法想象一个星期不使用社交网络的情景。真是个网虫！
He can't even __________________ social networking for a week.What an Internet addict!
chatter away
end up having
imagine going without
nothing to say
Step 2.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
Mark never stops socialising with his friends online，checking through all his social networking apps，reading his emails and answering text messages.In reality，social networking dominates his life in so many ways.Since he spends so much time socialising online，he keeps delaying things that are important in his real life.It's funny that his friends and he chatter away online so much，but they end up having nothing to say when they meet.He can't even imagine going without social networking for a week.What an Internet addict!
Step 1.储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
情感描写
grateful adj.感激的；感谢的
upset adj.烦恼的；心烦意乱的
ashamed adj.羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的
distracted adj.心神不定的，精神无法集中的
depressed adj.沮丧的，忧愁的
动作描写 环境描写
drag v.拖，拉
chase vi.& vt.努力赢得
chatter vi.唠叨，喋喋不休
bend vi.& vt.弯腰；俯身
complain vi.& vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚
defend vi.& vt.保护；保卫 pour vt.灌，注，倒
fuel n.燃料
acid n.酸
Step 2.尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段)
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。
我们的地理老师正在解释为什么化石燃料导致酸雨，这时天开始下起倾盆大雨。我很沮丧，因为我没有雨衣，并和我的同桌抱怨这场大雨。突然，老师弯下腰，拉拉我的袖子，告诉我不要喋喋不休。我羞愧地站起来，脸变得通红。老师告诉我不要分心。 尽管有点郁闷，我真的很感激他提醒我。
Our geography teacher was explaining why fossil fuels led to acid rains when it began pouring.I was upset because I didn't have a raincoat and complained about the heavy rain with my deskmate.Suddenly，the teacher bent over，pulled me on the sleeve and told me not to chatter away.Ashamed，I stood up with blood rushing to my face.My teacher told me not to be distracted.Though a bit depressed，I was really grateful to him for reminding me.续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀
1.(对话描写)(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)“I know you have made full preparations for the run，” I put my palm on his back and persuaded him to take part in the run.“Ignore what the players from other teams would say and I believe you could make it！”2.(心理描写)(2019·天津卷)I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night，when fear seized me.3.(景物描写)(2022·日照市模拟)He wanted to show us the beauty of the trees and have us smell the freshness in the mountains. (2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)Thankfully，Jeff stayed calm and turned off the gas quickly.But the stove was a mess now.Jenna told Jeff to clean it up so they could continue to cook the rest of the porridge.But Jeff's hand touched the hot burner and he gave a cry of pain.Jenna made him put his hand in cold water.Then she caught the smell of burning.Oh dear！The piece of bread in the pan had turned black as well.
核心单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.humour n．幽默感2.intention n．意图，目的；打算3.associate vt.与某人交往4.approval n．赞许；同意5.host vt.主办；做……的东道主 n．主人；主持人6.grateful adj.感激的，感谢的7.practical adj.实际的；实践的；切实可行的8.stimulation n．刺激9.worthwhile adj.值得做的；重要的；有益的10.upset adj.烦恼的，心烦意乱的 vt.使生气，使心烦意乱11.appointment n．约定；约会12.demanding adj.要求严格的；费力的13.belong vt.应在(某处)；适应14.lack vt.缺乏15.manner n．方式，方法16.delay vi.&vt.推迟，延期 1.She became famous through her association(associate) with the group of poets.2.Japan hosted(host) the Olympic Games in Tokyo in 2021.3.It's incredible how much Francesca wants her father's approval (approve).4.Though lacking(lack) money，his parents，making their living by working abroad，managed to send him to a key middle school.5.It is bad manners (manner)to talk with your mouth full of food.6.He delayed telling(tell) her the news，waiting for the right moment.7.I am not satisfied with your explanation and intend(intention) to take the matter further.8.This is a permanent appointment(appoint)，requiring commitment and hard work.
派生单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.occasion n．机会；场合→occasional adj.偶尔的；偶然的→occasionally adv.偶尔；偶然2.complain vi.&vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚→complaint n．抱怨；不满3.access n．进入；接触的机会→accessible adj.易到达的，易接近的→inaccessible adj.难达到的；难接近的；难见到的4.shame n．羞耻；羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的；不道德的→shameless adj.无耻的；不知羞耻的→ashamed adj.羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的5.distract vt.使分心→distracted adj.心神不定的，精神无法集中的→distraction n．使人分心的事物6.real adj.真正的→really adv.真正地→reality n．现实；真实 1.This is my occasional visit to the theme park，in which I occasionally meet the cartoon characters I like most.(occasion)2.Free Internet access at home is a huge step in making online education accessible to everybody.(access) 3.After a serious illness，he really understood the real meaning of reality．(real)4.The manager received a letter of complaint，in which the customer complained about their bad service.(complain)5.Her mind was distracted from her studies last night with so many distractions around her.(distract)6.You should be ashamed of your shameful behaviors or you will be a shameless man.(shame)
高频短语 语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
1.for the first time初次，第一次2.pour into投入(倒)……于某物3.associate with与某人交往4.obsess over对……过分担心5.chatter away喋喋不休6.on behalf of sb.代表某人7.in contrast to和……对比8.add up to总计达到9.set off引爆；出发10.lack confidence in在……缺乏信心11.have access to获许进入12.check through查看；校阅13.in reality事实上14.chase after追逐15.bend over伏在……上面 1.We usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence.2.When he got a job，he obsessed over being out of work because he didn't have a passbook.3.Online networks，in contrast to the old kind，are open to all and easy to join.4.On behalf of my company，I must express my thanks to you again and again for your generous help when we were in great trouble.5.As technology develops，we can have access to the information swiftly.6.Jamie looked on John as his only real friend，but in reality John often spoke ill of him.
原句结构辨识 d
1.what引导的同位语从句I had no idea what hydrogen was，and I didn't really want to know，either！ 将会发生什么的困惑使我无法入睡。The confusion what will happen makes me unable to sleep.
2.if only引导的虚拟条件句Sometimes I think，if only I could call him and ask for his opinion！ 要是我有一个永不疲惫的身体就好了。If only I had a body that never felt tired.
3.not all部分否定However，I have not done as well with all my students as I have with Graham. 不是所有的人都适合从事那类工作。Not all men are suitable for that kind of work.
4.it作形式宾语According to research，over two thirds of young people find it easier to make friends online than it is “in real life”． 他发现戒烟很困难。He found it very hard to break the cigarette habit.
1 grateful adj.感激的，感谢的
①I will be deeply grateful to you for your kindness for the rest of my life.
②She was grateful for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her.
③When knowing that my niece was saved，I bowed again and again with gratitude(grateful)．
I would be grateful(我将不胜感激)if you could give me some advice on how to deliver a speech.
◎be grateful to sb.(for sth.)(因某事)感激某人
be grateful to do sth.因做某事而感激
I would be grateful if you could do...如果你能做……，我将不胜感激。
◎gratitude n．感激
with gratitude感激地
be grateful to all the teachers for their help 感谢所有老师的帮助
give him a grateful smile感激地对他笑了笑
2 practical adj.实际的；实践的；切实可行的
①Listen! Someone is practicing playing(play) the piano.
②This kind of product is worthless for all practical(practice) purposes.
I want to speak about how we apply these principles in practice(在实践中)．
practice n．实践；实际行动；惯例；惯常做的事v.练习；实习；实行
in practice实际上；事实上
practice (doing) sth.练习(做)某事
a practical method实用的方法；有效的方法
for (all) practical purposes实际上
3 lack [课本义]vt.缺乏[增补义]vt.缺少；没有 n．缺乏；短缺
①Later，he worked in Africa，where many people suffered from blindness for lack of proper treatment.
②It is obvious that the young girl is lacking(lack) in useful skills.
Though lacking experience(尽管缺乏经验)，they managed to organise the rescue effectively.
◎(a) lack of缺少……
for/through lack of因缺少……
◎lacking adj.不足的；缺乏的
be lacking in在……方面缺乏
a lack of knowledge about the computer对电脑缺乏了解
be completely lacking in originality 完全没有创意
4 access [课本义]n.进入；接触的机会[增补义]vt.存取(计算机文件)；到达；进入；使用
①Public libraries connected by a cooperative network benefit readers by giving access to online reading at a library branch.
②5G technology is not accessible(access) to millions of people living in rural areas.
By studying online，students can have/get/obtain/gain easy access to lectures(很容易进入课堂) given by excellent teachers.
◎have/get/obtain/gain access to拥有/获得……的机会；可以接近/进入
give access to准许进入(接近)
◎accessible adj.可接近的；可使用的
be accessible to可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的
the only access to the village通往村庄的唯一道路
allow easy access for wheelchairs便于轮椅进出
5 upset adj.烦恼的，心烦意乱的vt.生气，使心烦意乱
①Seeing his children were upset about/by/at the mess，the father encouraged them to try again.
②The mother was upset to know(know) that her son often got distracted in classes.
What upsets me(令我感到烦恼的是) is that you will return to your country soon.
◎be upset by/about/at sth.为某事心烦
be upset to do sth./that...对做某事感到不安
◎What upsets sb.is that...让某人心烦的是……
It upsets sb.to do sth./that...做某事让人心烦/让某人心烦的是……
upset the ecological balance of the area破坏这个地区的生态平衡
6 ashamed adj.羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的
①“Ouverture des portes.” is the only French phrase I mastered，and it is a shame that I don't have much use for it.
②We are often ashamed of our shortcomings，our mistakes and our failures.
Embarrassed and ashamed(既尴尬又愧疚)，he lowered his head，motionless.
◎be ashamed to do...耻于做……；因做……而羞愧
be/feel ashamed of...对……感到惭愧/羞耻
◎shame n．羞耻；羞愧
It's a shame that...……是令人遗憾的事。
bring shame on her family使她的家人蒙羞
be a crying shame to waste food浪费食物真不像话
7 manner n．[课本义]方式；方法[增补义]举止；态度；礼貌；礼仪；习俗
①I wouldn't have dared to ask you，but my teacher，Mr Mills，says I am ready.I plan to make it in an admirable manner.
②It is bad manners(manner) to give feedback by chattering away constantly.
The following are my suggestions on how to mind your table manners in China(在中国如何注意餐桌礼仪)．
in a/an...manner以……的方式
It's bad/good manners to do sth.做……是没有/有礼貌的。
table manners餐桌礼仪
try to adopt a more relaxed manner试着用一种更加放松的方式
conduct myself in a professional manner 以专业的态度行事
8 associate vt.[课本义]与某人交往[增补义]联想；联系
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)As a result，she says，some of the injuries associated(associate) with running，such as runner's knee，are uncommon among race walkers.
②We often associate social networking with Internet addiction in reality.
If you associate with positive thinking people(如果你和思想积极的人交往)，you will also become optimistic.
◎associate...with...把……和……联系在一起
associate with sb.与某人交往
◎associated adj.有联系的
be associated with...与……有关
◎association n．协会；关联；交往
in association with...与……合作；与……有关联
join educational associations in an attempt to better themselves加入了各种教育协会，以求上进
9 complain vi.&vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚
①I'm going to complain to the council about this!
②All the guests complained about the noise.
③We received a number of complaints(complain) from customers about the lack of parking facilities.
I'm going to complain to the manager about his service(就他的服务向经理投诉)．
◎complain about/of抱怨……
complain to向……投诉
◎complaint n．抱怨；不满
make a complaint about/of抱怨……
it's no good complaining抱怨毫无用处
can't complain没的抱怨
complain about the excessive noise 抱怨噪音太大
10 appointment n．[课本义]约定；约会[增补义]任命；委任；职务；职位
①They appointed him as captain of the England team.
②We must appoint someone to act(act) as secretary.
③The time appointed(appoint) for the meeting was 10：30.
If you phone for an appointment(如果电话预约)，it'll save you waiting.
◎appoint vt.任命，委派，约定(时间、地点等)
appoint sb.任命某人
appoint sb.as/to be...把某人任命为……
appoint sb.to do sth.指派某人做某事
◎make/fix an appointment with与……约会
keep/break one's appointment守约/失约
keep an appointment守约
at the appointed time在约定的时间
11 approval n．赞许；同意
My niece wanted to associate with her boyfriend known online，but my sister didn't approve of it.The girl was desperate for her mother's approval(approve) and asked me for help.However，I disapproved(approve) of the dangerous relationship as well.
如果您批准我们的提议，我们将不胜感激。
① We would be grateful if you could approve our proposal．(approve)
② We would be grateful if you could give your approval to our proposal．(approval),
◎approve v．同意；批准；通过
disapprove v．不赞成，反对
approve of赞成，同意
◎give one's approval to sth.批准某事
approving adj.赞许的
will be submitted to the committee for official approval将送交委员会正式批准
not approve of me leaving school this year不同意我今年离校
give him an approving look对他投以赞许的目光
12 used to 过去经常，曾经
①Now he has got used to going(go) to work by bike.
②Knives are used to cut (cut) things.
①这个可以用来做相同的事情。
It can be used to do the same thing.
②她将会习惯于早起。
She will be used to getting up early.
③我过去经常在清晨去取邮件。
I used to get the mail early in the morning.
◎used to do sth.表示“过去经常做某事”，现在已经不再做了
◎be/get used to (doing) sth.表示“习惯于(做)某事”，现在依旧在做
◎be used to do sth.表示“被用于做某事”，是被动语态
not what it used to be不是以前那个样子了
used to go sailing on the lake in summer从前在夏天经常泛舟湖上
13 take up [课本义]占据[增补义]拿起；开始从事；继续
①Technology is here to help us，but we should not allow it to take over our lives.
②These promises are a trap and I won't be taken in．
③Don't take on more responsibilities than you can handle.
I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldn't want to take up too much of your time(占用您太多的时间)．
take in吸收；收留；欺骗；领会
take on雇用；承担(工作、责任)；呈现
take over接管
take...for granted认为……理所当然
take up a position in the centre of the room占据了房间中心的位置
take it for granted that they would approve of the idea想当然地认为他们一定会同意这个想法
14 [教材原句]Sometimes I think，if only I could call him and ask for his opinion！有时我想，要是我能打电话给他，征求他的意见就好了！
①The salesgirl feels upset.If only there were(be) more kind customers and fewer complaints.
②If only we had had (have)your help and professional instruction，we would have done more brilliantly in the oral English competition.
①If only I could accompany you forever(要是能永远陪伴你就好了)．
②Only if you follow the doctor's advice can you recover soon(才能早日康复)．
◎if only...意为“要是……就好了”，句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气。
if only...did...表示与现在事实相反的愿望。
if only...had done...表示与过去事实相反的愿望。
◎only if意为“只要；只有”，引导条件状语从句。only if位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。
If only I could stop all the bad things in the world and make all families happy.要是我能阻止这个世界上一切不美好的东西，让所有的家庭都幸福就好了。
15 [教材原句]But he's also never felt more alone.但他也从未感到如此孤单。
①I couldn't agree with you more(much)．
②No other book has had a greater (great) effect on my life.
李洋在班里学习最努力。
①Li Yang studies harder than the other students in his class.(the other)
②Li Yang studies harder than any other student in his class.(any other)
③Li Yang studies harder than any of the other students in his class.(any of the other)
④Li Yang studies harder than anyone else in his class.(anyone),
句中never...more...为比较级的否定形式表示最高级含义。最高级意义的多种表达法通常有以下几种：
◎否定词＋形容词/副词比较级(＋than)
◎否定词＋so/as ＋形容词/副词原级＋as
◎比较级＋ than＋the other＋名词复数/any other＋名词单数/any of the other＋名词复数/anyone else
At that moment，nothing could be better than her smile.在那一刻，没有什么能比她的微笑更美的了。
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．The writer of this book criticized some political issues in a humorous (humour) way.
2．Husband and wife should switch roles with each other occasionally (occasion)．
3．It is bad manners(manner) to argue with your teachers or parents in public.
4．My sister's recommendation was that I should apply to join the student association (associate)．
5．If only I hadn't ignored(not ignore) the advice that my partner offered to me!
6．The young couple used to drink coffee，but now they get used to drinking(drink) tea.
7．He put forward a practical (practice) plan at the meeting yesterday.
8．In some cases people have had to wait several weeks for an appointment(appoint)．
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．I was grateful for his timely help and expressed my gratitude to him in person.
2．A lack of evidence made it difficult for him to prove his innocence.
3．Though we are a little upset about the unpleasant feedback，it can help us in many ways.
4．I didn't work out the maths problem on the blackboard，and I felt ashamed of it.
5．This is a lot easier when you associate with positive people.
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空
1．There was a flood of water pouring(pour) into the basement.
2．With the intention(intend) of making a fortune，more and more people intended to invest here.
3．Many people expressed a strong preference(prefer) for the original plan.
4．You have no idea how depressed(depress) it made me.
5．TV can be a welcome distraction (distract) after a hard day's work.
6．An English Drama Competition will be organised (organise) in our school next week.
7．As is known to us all，China is a developing country belonging(belong) to the Third World.
8．It isn't worthwhile quarrelling/to quarrel(quarrel) with her about such little things.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．This is an effective method for Chinese students to learn English well.
2．I find it easy to work this math problem out with this method.
3．I realized that he and I belonged to different worlds.
4．The classroom teacher must be sensitive to a child's needs.
5．Whenever these girls get together，they chatter away non stop.
Ⅰ.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Even worse，I had unthinkingly bought way too much；I could have made six salads with what I threw out. C
A．道路 B．方法 C．很远；大量
2．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn't have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. B
A．流动 B．流畅 C．不断供应
3．(2020·浙江卷)Farming produced more food per person than hunting and gathering，so people were able to raise more children. C
A．提高 B．筹集 C．抚养
4．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)...with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics (美学) on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. A
A．增加；激发
B．给……提供燃料
C．给(交通工具)加油
Ⅱ.长难语句(分析句子的结构并将句子翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Producing food that no one eats wastes the water，fuel，and other resources used to grow it.
本句是主从复合句，主句Producing food wastes the water，fuel，and other resources为主谓宾结构，that no one eats是定语从句，修饰前面的名词food；used to grow it是过去分词作后置定语，修饰other resources。
[尝试翻译]生产无人食用的食物会浪费水、燃料和其他用于种植的资源。
2．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients，while a cheater might use it to control potential victims.
本句为while连接的并列句。前一个分句的主干为The ability may be used by a doctor，to accurately understand how others are feeling为动词不定式短语作定语，修饰ability，其中how引导宾语从句；to find how best to help her patients作目的状语；后一个分句中to control potential victims为目的状语。
[尝试翻译]医生可能利用这种准确理解他人感受的能力来找到最好的帮助病人的方法，而骗子可能利用这种能力来控制潜在的受害者。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
Graham used to be not very good at most school 1.subjects(subject)．But when he was 15 and went into Mr Jenkins' class，he really became interested 2.in science for the first time.Before Mr Jenkins taught him，science had 3.simply(simple) been a subject full of strange words to Graham.He found it all so 4.boring(bore) and difficult.But Mr Jenkins made everything 5.interesting(interest) with lots of practical examples and in simple language.Graham wasn't a willing student，but he wasn't slow 6.to learn(learn) new things.The problem was that he lacked 7.confidence(confident) in himself.Mr Jenkins made him feel that he had his own strengths.Mr Jenkins once asked him 8.to give (give) a presentation of the stars and planets to the class.That was really 9.the first time he tried to explain science to an audience and now it's his job! Although Graham hasn't seen Mr Jenkins 10.since he left school，he often thinks about Mr Jenkins.
Step 1.要点提示(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)
①马克一直都在和网友交往，查看所有的社交网络应用，阅读电子邮件，回复短信。
Mark never stops socialising with his friends online，checking through all his social networking apps，reading his emails and answering text messages.
②社交网络在很多方面支配着他的生活。
Social networking dominates his life in so many ways.
③由于他花了很多时间在社交网络上，他总是拖延一些在现实生活中很重要的事情。
Since he spends so much time socialising online，he keeps delaying things that are important in his real life.
④他和朋友们经常在网上喋喋不休，但他们见面时却无话可说。
His friends and he chatter away online so much，but they end up having nothing to say when they meet.
⑤他甚至无法想象一个星期不使用社交网络的情景。真是个网虫！
He can't even imagine going without social networking for a week.What an Internet addict!
Step 2.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
Mark never stops socialising with his friends online，checking through all his social networking apps，reading his emails and answering text messages.In reality，social networking dominates his life in so many ways.Since he spends so much time socialising online，he keeps delaying things that are important in his real life.It's funny that his friends and he chatter away online so much，but they end up having nothing to say when they meet.He can't even imagine going without social networking for a week.What an Internet addict!
Step 1.储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
情感描写 动作描写 环境描写
grateful adj.感激的；感谢的upset adj.烦恼的；心烦意乱的ashamed adj.羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的distracted adj.心神不定的，精神无法集中的depressed adj.沮丧的，忧愁的 drag v．拖，拉chase vi.& vt.努力赢得chatter vi.唠叨，喋喋不休bend vi.& vt.弯腰；俯身complain vi.& vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚defend vi.& vt.保护；保卫 pour vt.灌，注，倒fuel n．燃料acid n．酸
Step 2.尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段)
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。
我们的地理老师正在解释为什么化石燃料导致酸雨，这时天开始下起倾盆大雨。我很沮丧，因为我没有雨衣，并和我的同桌抱怨这场大雨。突然，老师弯下腰，拉拉我的袖子，告诉我不要喋喋不休。我羞愧地站起来，脸变得通红。老师告诉我不要分心。 尽管有点郁闷，我真的很感激他提醒我。
Our geography teacher was explaining why fossil fuels led to acid rains when it began pouring.I was upset because I didn't have a raincoat and complained about the heavy rain with my deskmate.Suddenly，the teacher bent over，pulled me on the sleeve and told me not to chatter away.Ashamed，I stood up with blood rushing to my face.My teacher told me not to be distracted.Though a bit depressed，I was really grateful to him for reminding me.(共97张PPT)
教材知识讲练
选择性必修第一册
UNIT 2 SUCCESS
1.(心理描写)(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)But like anyone for whom you feel affection，customers can also drive you mad.
2.(动作描写)(2017·浙江卷)He waved and yelled at passing cars but was careful not to slow down.
3.(人物描写)(2022·潍坊市模拟)She's a lovely，charming and full of life personality.
续写语料积累 背诵·句之美
(2020·江苏卷)Documentaries about China，produced either in China or in other countries，are becoming increasingly popular among foreigners.For one thing，the overall development over the past decades has been so striking that they feel eager to familiarize themselves with what is going on in China.
续写语料积累 欣赏·语之秀
语基自查自测·巩固验收
01
1._____ vt.& n.限制，限定
2._______ n.基本部分；要素
3.___________ adj.遵守纪律的
4._________ adj.坚定的；尽心尽力的
5.____ vt.毁掉，糟蹋，毁坏
6._________ n.提升，晋升
7.__________ vi.& vt.增进；捐献；促成
核心单词
limit
element
disciplined
committed
ruin
promotion
contribute
8.________ adj.巨大的，庞大的
9.________vt.说服；使确信
10._______ adj.平庸的，普通的 n.平均水平；平均数
11.____ vt.不做(本来应做的事)；蹦跳着走
12.______ vt.拒绝接受
13._____ vt.创立；创建
核心单词
enormous
convince
average
skip
reject
found
1.The little girl _______ (skip) home happily after school.
2.His proposal that the system should be changed ___________(reject) at the meeting yesterday.
3.Water is a compound containing the ________(element)—hydrogen and oxygen.
4.Standards in health care have improved __________(enormous) compared to 40 years ago.
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
skipped
was rejected
elements
enormously
5.The People's Republic of China __________(found) on October 1st，1949.
6.Since time is _______(limit)，it is better to limit your lecture to half an hour.
7.He became _________(convince) of the need for cheap editions of good quality writing.
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
was founded
limited
convinced
1.motivate vt.成为……的动机；激发；诱发→__________ adj.起激励作用的；激发(人)的→__________ n.动力，积极性
2.enthusiasm n.热情；热心；热衷的事物→____________ adj.热心的，热衷的→________________ adv.热情地，热心地
3.employ vt.使用；雇佣→________n.雇员→________ n.雇佣，雇主→__________ n.职业；雇佣，使用
派生单词
motivating
motivation
enthusiastic
enthusiastically
employee
employer
employment
4.fortune n.大笔的钱，巨款→_________ adj.幸运的→___________ adv.幸运地→_____________adv.不幸地
5.influence n.影响v.影响；对……起作用→___________ adj.有影响力的→__________ adj.受影响的
6.long adj.长的；冗长的→______ n.长度→________ vt.加长
派生单词
fortunate
fortunately
unfortunately
influential
influenced
length
lengthen
7.cooperate v.合作，协作→___________ n.合作，协作→___________ adj.合作的；同心协力的
8.devote vt.把……奉献给；专心致力于→_______ adj.忠诚的；全心全意的→________ n.奉献；忠心
9.produce vt.&vi.生产；产生；出产→_______ n.产品→__________ n.生产；产量
派生单词
cooperation
cooperative
devoted
devotion
product
production
1.He is ____________ in sports and has been devoted to football with great __________ since he was young.(enthusiasm)
2.If the factory can't sell its________ that were ________ last month，it will have to cut back __________．(produce)
3.The trousers are only one metre in ______．Can they be __________？(long)
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
enthusiastic
enthusiasm
products
produced
production
length
lengthened
4.The flu __________ the ___________ speaker's fluency of speech.
(influence)
5.I am glad to _________ with you on this project.I hope that our ___________ will be strengthened in the coming year.(cooperate)
6.He has been _______ to this cause for many years.We look on him as a shining example of ________ to the scientific cause.(devote)
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
influenced
influential
cooperate
cooperation
devoted
devotion
7.Jack is an intelligent pupil，but he lacks __________．So our head teacher often _________ him using __________ words.(motivate)
8.It was _________of them to make a _______ trading with foreigners.
And more ___________ for them，they were supported by the government.(fortune)
9.The ________has decided to ______ Tom as her secretary and she hopes to have a talk with all her _________ now.(employ)
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
motivation
motivates
motivating
fortunate
fortune
fortunately
employer
employ
employees
1.make sense 有意义；解释得通
2.drop out 退出，脱离；辍学
3.devote...to 致力于
4.boil down to sth. 归结为；要点是
5.apply oneself to sth. 努力；专心致志于某事
6.set sb./sth.apart 使与众不同
7.retire from 从……退休
高频短语
8.turn one's back on 对……置之不理
9.be tired of 厌烦
10.give away 馈赠
11.have the chance to do sth. 有机会做某事
12.get ahead 取得进步
13.check out 检验
14.push oneself to the limits 把某人推到极限
15.search for 寻找
高频短语
1.Although I couldn't have a good look at the temple，it did ________
to me.
2.If you ______ more time __ practicing your spoken English，you can speak English more fluently.
3.Some people take pains to _________cultural relics and take possession of them illegally.
语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
make sense
devote
to
search for
4.There are people who have __________________ their millions and found different ways to be happy in their lives.
5.If you __________wandering around the gym wasting time，you can attend a group fitness class.
6.She ________ all her furniture when she went abroad.
7.The advice we gave him ____________ this: he should take care of his health.
语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
turned their backs on
are tired of
gave away
boiled down to
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
1.whenever引导让步状语从句
Whenever he had more than two thousand dollars，he would give away small bank notes to homeless people in the streets of local areas. 每次英国下雪，我们都会感到惊讶。
__________________________，we are taken by surprise.
Whenever it snows in Britain
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
2.while表转折
I would get the bus on my own at ten years old and go to swim 100 lengths of the pool while other kids played pool games... 他们国家有丰富的石油，然而你们国家一点也没有。
Their country has plenty of oil，_________________.
while yours has none
考点探究归纳·多维讲练
02
词法探究
句法探究
1 committed adj.坚定的；尽心尽力的
练中回想——语法填空
①On a summer evening in Beijing in 2008，all those long，hard hours of work and __________(commit) finally bore fruit.
②The professor loved his career and was committed __ it all his life.
③The government made a commitment to ________(reduce) the loss caused by the flood to the minimum.
commitment
to
reducing
完美写作——完成句子
Professors，for the most part，______________________ (投身于教学)as well as research.
are committed to teaching
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎commit vt.犯(罪或错等)；承诺；保证 vi.全心全意投入(工作、活动等)
be committed to (doing) sth./commit oneself to (doing) sth.致力于(做)某事
◎commitment n.投入；忠诚；奉献；承诺
make a commitment to (doing) sth.保证/承诺(做)某事
语料输入——必备素材
a committed member of the team忠于职守的队员
committed socialists 坚定的社会主义者
2 devote vt.把……奉献给；专心致力于
练中回想——语法填空
①I still remember what you have devoted to _________ (improve) my oral English and writing skills.
②Behaving in this selfless and _______ (devote) manner，these little creatures have survived on Earth for more than 140 million years...
③He devoted himself __ community activities and was praised by the people around.
improving
devoted
to
完美写作——完成句子
He decided __________________________ (将自己的余生献给)scientific investigation.
to devote the rest of his life to
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎devote...to (doing) sth.把……献给(做)某事
devote oneself to＝be devoted to献身于；专心致力于
◎devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的
◎devotion n.奉献；关爱
语料输入——必备素材
devote two hours a day to the work在这个工作上一天花两个小时
devote herself to her career全力倾注于她自己的事业
be in praise of her devotion to the cause of education称赞她献身教育事业的精神
3 limit vt.&n.[课本义]限制，限定[增补义]限量，减量；界限，范围
练中回想——语法填空
①There is a limit to one's life，but no limit to _______(serve) the people.
②We must limit the expense __ 10 pounds.
③Families are _______(limit) to four free tickets each.
serving
to
limited
完美写作——完成句子
When you are driving on this road，you have to ___________________
_______________(把速度限制到每小时60英里)．
limit your speed to 60
miles per hour
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎set a limit to限制……
within the limits of限定在……范围内
There is a/no limit to...……是有限的/无限的。
◎limit...to...把……限定在……范围内
◎limited adj.有限的
◎limitless adj.无限制的
语料输入——必备素材
perform to the limit of his capabilities他已竭尽全力
4 convince vt.说服；使确信
练中回想——语法填空
①He convinced the police department _______(allow) him to set up a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks.
②You'd better take the time to make your point in a mature and __________(convince) manner.
③You need to convince them __ the information that you are enthusiastic about the job.
to allow
convincing
of
完美写作——完成句子
_____________________ (我坚信)that where there is a will，there is a way.
I am strongly convinced
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎convince sb.of sth.使某人相信某事
convince sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事
◎convinced adj.确信的，坚信的
be convinced of/that...相信……
◎convincing adj.令人信服的
语料输入——必备素材
convince them of your enthusiasm for the job让他们相信你对这份工作的热情
convince him of his mistake使他认识自己的错误
5 ruin [课本义]vt.毁掉，糟蹋，毁坏[增补义]n.废墟；毁灭
练中回想——语法填空
①The flood _____ rops in the field，and many buildings lay in _____．
(ruin)
②The constant rain caused damage __ the old building and finally it collapsed.
ruined
ruins
to
完美写作——句式升级
(普通表达)The heavy rain lasted two weeks，which completely ruined our holiday.
(高级表达)The heavy rain lasted two weeks，_____________________
________．(用非谓语动词作状语)
completely ruining our
holiday
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎in ruins破败不堪；严重受损
◎ruin one's hope/chance毁掉某人的希望/机会
ruin oneself自我毁灭
语料输入——必备素材
around the ruins of the ancient city围绕古城遗迹
build a new life out of the ruins of his career
从事业失败中爬起来，重新开始新的生活
6 average [课本义]adj.平庸的，普通的n.平均水平；平均数[增补义]vt.平均为
练中回想——语法填空
①___ average，boys like playing football better than girls.
②He is working hard and his grades are _____ the average in his class.
③The average of 3，8 and 10 __(be) 7.
④___ average of ten students haven't passed the exam in each class.
On
above
is
An
完美写作——一句多译
父母买玩具的花费每年平均为220美元。
①Parents spend ___________ $220 on toys every year.
②Parents spend $220 on toys _________ every year.
an average of
on average
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎on (the) average平均来看
above (the) average高于平均水平
below (the) average低于平均水平
◎an average of...平均有……(后跟数词)
the average of...……的平均数
语料输入——必备素材
at an average speed of 100 miles per hour以平均每小时100英里的速度
children of above/below average intelligence高于/低于一般智力的儿童
walk for an hour at an average speed以平均速度走一小时
7 recognised adj.公认的；经过检验的
练中回想——语法填空
①The outstanding entrepreneur is a well __________(recognise) successful person in the world.
②Huang Danian was recognised __ one of the world's leading experts in deep earth exploration technology.
③The village，which lay in ruins after the earthquake，was totally beyond ___________(recognise)．
recognised
as
recognition
完美写作——完成句子
___________________ (人们都认为)he is a disciplined and committed astronaut.
It is recognised that
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎recognise vt.认出；认可；承认
recognise sb./one's voice认出某人/听出某人的声音
be recognised as/to be...被认作……/被认为是……
It is recognised that...人们公认……
◎recognition n.认出；认识
beyond recognition认不出来
语料输入——必备素材
have changed beyond recognition已经变得面目全非
recognise the demand for popular music承认人们对流行音乐的需求
8 contribute vi.& vt.增进；捐献；促成
练中回想——语法填空
①Apart from money，people contributed food and clothes __ the disaster area.
②With determination and devotion，everyone can make a___________
(contribute)to the development of society.
to
contribution
完美写作——完成句子
I believe that each of us can _______________________________(对世界的未来有所贡献)．
contribute to the future of the world
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎contribute sth.to...把某物捐献给……
contribute to有助于；导致；投稿
◎contribution n.捐献；贡献；投稿
make a contribution/contributions to 对……做出贡献
语料输入——必备素材
contribute to our gradual progress in school促使我们在学校平稳进步
9 make sense [课本义]有意义；解释得通[增补义]是明智的；合乎情理；表述清楚；易于理解
练中回想——语法填空
①I hear him making sense__friendship and its limits.
②There is no sense in ______ (buy) expensive clothes for children，as they soon grow out of them.
③In_sense，students today respond badly to traditional methods of teaching.
of
buying
a
完美写作——完成句子
_________(从某种意义上说)，Youth is a good teacher that helps me to improve my English.
In a sense
练后归纳——搭配拓展
make sense of...弄懂……的意思
make no sense无意义
in a sense在某种意义上
in no sense决不；绝非(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
There's no sense in doing sth.做某事是没有道理/作用的。
语料输入——必备素材
make sense of these marks on paper弄清纸上这些符号的意义
make no sense of what he did弄不懂他做了些什么
10 drop out 退出，脱离；辍学
练中回想——语法填空
①Gradually his strength failed and he dropped ______ in the race.
②My friend David fell down near the finishing line and injured his right leg.As a consequence，he had to _______．
③One day，the poor man dropped in___a wise old man and asked him for advice about changing his life.
behind
drop out
on
完美写作——完成句子
In a long march of several hundred kilometres，_______________(没有一个人掉队)．
no one dropped out
练后归纳——搭配拓展
drop out of (sth.)退出(某事)
drop back/behind后退；落后
drop off打盹；小睡；减少；下降
drop in on sb.顺便拜访某人
drop in at sp.顺便到访某地
语料输入——必备素材
be likely to drop out of the game可能就会退出比赛
drop in on you while I was passing路过时顺便来看看你
the flowers drop off，and the fruit takes their place花朵凋谢，果实长了出来
11 [教材原句]Whenever he had more than two thousand dollars，he would give away small bank notes to homeless people in the streets of local areas.只要他有两千多美元，他就会把小面额的钞票送给当地街道上无家可归的人。
练中回想——语法填空
①_________ happened，he wouldn't say a word.
②__________ dictionary you take，you will have to pay at least 20 dollars.
③________ breaks the law will be punished.
完美写作——完成句子
______________________________(每当我们遇到困难时)，they came to help us.
Whatever
Whichever
Whoever
Whenever we met with difficulties
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎“疑问代词＋ever”可引导两种类型的从句，即让步状语从句和名词性从句。引导状语从句时相当于“no matter＋疑问代词”。
◎“no matter＋疑问代词”只能引导让步状语从句。
语料输入——必备素材
What difficulties I encounter，the motherland is my strong backing for ever.无论我遇到什么困难，祖国永远都是我的坚强后盾。
12 [教材原句]He was tired of being regarded as living a successful life，as a person who had everything while many people had nothing.他厌倦了过别人眼中成功的生活，在很多人一无所有的时候自己能够拥有一切。
①While I fully understand your point of view，I also have some sympathy with Michael's. __________
②It is beneficial to some people，while it puts others into a dilemma over whether to vote or not. __________
尽管；虽然
然而；可是
完美写作——完成句子
Some sports are usually done indoors，__________________________ (然而其他的在室外做)．
while others are done outdoors
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎while作并列连词，表示对比或转折，意为“然而；可是”；
◎while引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管；虽然”；
◎while可作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”。
语料输入——必备素材
Peace of mind can make you think quickly while anger can make you lose your mind.心平气和可以使你思维敏捷，然而，愤怒却会使你失去理智。
三层固基达标训练
03
层级一
层级二
层级三
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．These measures would make a valuable ____________(contribute) towards reducing industrial accidents.
2．The constant rain caused serious flood，which，in turn，left many houses lying in _____(ruin)．
contribution
ruins
3．Your essay is _______(limit) to 800 words and you are supposed to hand it in before the deadline of Oct.10.
4．It is widely __________(recognise) that chasing stimulation online is bad for your academic work.
5．All his spare time has been devoted to ________(learn) English over the radio.
6．He was _________(convince) that doctors and dentists knew best.
limited
recognised
learning
convinced
7．The hospital has a ___________(commit) to provide the best possible medical care.
8．Accomplishing goals is a major __________(motivate) factor for anyone.
9．We would like to see closer ___________(cooperate) between parents and schools.
10．The company was ordered to pay compensation to the __________
(employ) who had been fired.
commitment
motivating
cooperation
employee
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．If you devote yourself __ the demanding job，you are sure to make it.
2．Playing basketball used to take up 3 hours __ average every day，but now he is too busy.
3．The organization contributed a million yuan ___ the disaster area，which earned it a good reputation.
4．I didn't make sense ___ his intention in his presentation given at the meeting.
5．__________ I visited him，he was always busy working.
to
on
to
of
Whenever
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．I find it hard to work at home because there are too many _________
(distract)．
2．Because he shows courage and ________ (optimistic) when facing difficulty and misfortune，Zou was awarded the Touching Hunan award in November.
distractions
optimism
3．The zoo keeper walked towards the bird cages because he knew he could sleep ___________(comfortable) on the benches near the cages.
4．Language materials for practice are ___________ (influence) in both language teaching and culture exchanging.
5．Her __________ (retire) from politics will free her to write her memoirs.
comfortably
influential
retirement
6．She is intelligent but suffers from a lack of ________ (ambitious)．
7．Not the host but the guests ____(be) to blame for the quarrel yesterday.
8．When discussing ___________(influence) modern artists，three names immediately come to mind.
ambition
were
influential
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．The entrance__the train station was closed off following the explosion.
2．It is a sense of humour that sets him _____ from other competitors.
3．It was the boy who had been in prison ____ stole the money.
4．I would appreciate __ if you could give me some advice on how to solve these problems.
5．Faulks has applied himself __ this task with considerable energy.
to
apart
that
it
to
Ⅰ.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)Mail your entry to us by October 31 this year. __
A．进入 B．条目 C．参赛作品
C
2．(2020·江苏卷)Before one of these workouts，the men skipped breakfast，meaning that they exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast (禁食)． __
A．跳过
B．不做(应做的事等)
C．快速转移
B
3．(2020·天津卷)For those who hunger for some peace and quiet，sound can now create silence. __
A．饥饿 B．渴求 C．食欲
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)This production of Shakespeare's Richard Ⅲ will be directed by the National's Associate Director，Wang Xiaoying. __
A．生产 B．作品 C．产量
B
B
Ⅱ.长难语句(分析句子的结构并将句子翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Everyone can play a part in reducing waste，whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won't eat...
化繁为简 此句为简单句，其中“whether by doing or by doing”属于whether加________的结构，表示一种选择。
[尝试翻译]每个人都可以在减少浪费方面发挥作用，无论是通过在每周购物时不要购买超过必需的食物，还是通过要求餐厅不要提供你不会吃的配菜……
介词短语
2．(2021·全国甲卷)The adorable female calf is the second black rhino born this year at the reserve，but it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild.
化繁为简 but连接前后两个句子。在第一个分句中，born this year at the reserve 是过去分词短语作____，修饰black rhino，相当于定语从句that was born this year at the reserve；在第二个分句中，it是形式主语，动词不定式to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild是__________。在动词不定式中，if引导________，作tell的宾语。在if从句中，动词不定式to be returned to protected areas of the wild作定语，修饰candidates，其中protected是过去分词作定语修饰areas。
定语
真正的主语
宾语从句
[尝试翻译]这只可爱的雌性小犀牛是今年在这个保护区出生的第二只黑犀牛，但是现在说这些小犀牛们是否会成为回到野生保护区的优秀候选者还为时过早。
三维提能培优训练
04
维度一
维度二
维度三
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
As an Olympic athlete，I miss birthday parties，ruin family holidays and skip nights out.My friend was worried that I had no longer
becomee fun 1._______(train) with and that I was in danger of 2._________(leave) with only a world championship medal and no one to share it with.Deep down I knew 3.________(element) of what he was saying were right.I was pushing the limits and extremes beyond 4.____ most thought were healthy.This is because I was born with an enormous amount of drive and 5._____________(determine)．Being a professional
to train
being left
elements
what
determination
athlete is no different.If you want to be 6.__ Olympic champion，it's all about that little extra thing you have done in your 7.__________(prepare) that will set you apart 8.____ your competitors.It is certainly not a 9.________(balance) way to live and it is certainly not normal but for any athlete who is striving for greatness，you have to be totally 10._________ (commit) to your sport.
an
preparation
from
balanced
committed
Step 1.要点提示(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)
①詹森过去是个百万富翁，然而他放弃了百万家财。
Jason used to be a millionaire，but he _______________ his millions.
turned his back on
②他住在一个只有二手家具的小宿舍里，他的东西都是从慈善商店买的。
He lives in a small dormitory room _____________________________，who gets his things ________________．
③詹森很乐意放弃富人的生活方式，把自己的钱财都捐赠出去。
Jason is pleased to ______ the lifestyle of a rich man and ________ all his money to charities.
with only second-hand furniture
from charity shops
give up
give away
④这给他的生活带来了快乐和成功感。
This brings him ___________________________ in life.
⑤他认为他的成就感来自帮助别人并找到生活的真谛。
He thinks _____________________ comes from helping others and ________________________．
happiness and a sense of success
his sense of achievement
finding true meaning in life
⑥正如詹森所说的，成功不是看你有多少钱，而是看你如何理解生活的真谛。
As Jason says，success is not measured by how much money you have _________________________________________．
but by how you understand the true meaning of life
Step 2.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
Jason used to be a millionaire，but he turned his back on his millions.Today he lives in a small dormitory room with only second-hand furniture，who gets his things from charity shops.Jason is pleased to give up the lifestyle of a rich man and give away all his money to charities.And this brings him happiness and a sense of success in life.He thinks his sense of achievement comes from helping others and finding true meaning in life.As Jason says，success is not measured by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life.
Step 1.储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
情感描写
determined adj.坚定的，坚决的
optimistic adj.乐观的，乐观主义的
committed adj.坚定的；尽心尽力的
enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的
appreciative adj.感激的
guilty adj.内疚的，羞愧的
动作描写 环境描写
drop out退出，脱离；辍学
reject vt.拒绝接受
skip vt.不做(本来应做的事)；蹦跳着走
hire vt.租用
apply oneself to sth.努力；专心致志于某事
collapse vi.突然倒下；倒塌 dormitory n.寝室，学生宿舍
furniture n.家具
platform n.舞台；月台
Step 2.尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段)
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。
我的表弟一直热衷于电子游戏，并且专注于电子游戏。他是如此沉迷以至于废寝忘食。因为他的大学拒绝了他，他不得不退学。直到那时，他才发现舒适地住在一间装有家具的宿舍里是多么幸运。站在火车站的站台上，他感到内疚，并且决心放弃这个习惯。
My cousin was always enthusiastic about video games and would apply himself to them.He was so addicted to it that he skipped meals and stayed up late.Because his college rejected him，he had to drop out.Not until then did he realise how lucky it was to live comfortably in a dormitory which was equipped with furniture.Standing on the platform of the railway station，he felt guilty and was determined to give up the habit.续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀
1.(心理描写)(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)But like anyone for whom you feel affection，customers can also drive you mad.2.(动作描写)(2017·浙江卷)He waved and yelled at passing cars but was careful not to slow down.3.(人物描写)(2022·潍坊市模拟)She's a lovely，charming and full of life personality. (2020·江苏卷)Documentaries about China，produced either in China or in other countries，are becoming increasingly popular among foreigners.For one thing，the overall development over the past decades has been so striking that they feel eager to familiarize themselves with what is going on in China.
核心单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.limit vt.& n．限制，限定2.element n．基本部分；要素3.disciplined adj.遵守纪律的4.committed adj.坚定的；尽心尽力的5.ruin vt.毁掉，糟蹋，毁坏6.promotion n．提升，晋升7.contribute vi.& vt.增进；捐献；促成8.enormous adj.巨大的，庞大的9.convince vt.说服；使确信10.average adj.平庸的，普通的 n．平均水平；平均数 11.skip vt.不做(本来应做的事)；蹦跳着走12.reject vt.拒绝接受13.found vt.创立；创建 1.The little girl skipped (skip) home happily after school.2.His proposal that the system should be changed was rejected(reject) at the meeting yesterday.3.Water is a compound containing the elements(element)—hydrogen and oxygen.4.Standards in health care have improved enormously(enormous) compared to 40 years ago.5.The People's Republic of China was founded(found) on October 1st，1949.6.Since time is limited(limit)，it is better to limit your lecture to half an hour.7.He became convinced(convince) of the need for cheap editions of good quality writing.
派生单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.motivate vt.成为……的动机；激发；诱发→motivating adj.起激励作用的；激发(人)的→motivation n．动力，积极性2.enthusiasm n．热情；热心；热衷的事物→enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的→enthusiastically adv.热情地，热心地3.employ vt.使用；雇佣→employee n．雇员→employer n．雇佣，雇主→employment n．职业；雇佣，使用4.fortune n．大笔的钱，巨款→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunately adv.不幸地5.influence n．影响v.影响；对……起作用→influential adj.有影响力的→influenced adj.受影响的6.long adj.长的；冗长的→length n．长度→lengthen vt.加长7.cooperate v．合作，协作→cooperation n．合作，协作→cooperative adj.合作的；同心协力的8.devote vt.把……奉献给；专心致力于→devoted adj.忠诚的；全心全意的→devotion n．奉献；忠心9.produce vt.&vi.生产；产生；出产→product n．产品→production n．生产；产量 1.He is enthusiastic in sports and has been devoted to football with great enthusiasm since he was young.(enthusiasm)2.If the factory can't sell its products that were produced last month，it will have to cut back production．(produce)3.The trousers are only one metre in length．Can they be lengthened？(long)4.The flu influenced the influential speaker's fluency of speech.(influence)5.I am glad to cooperate with you on this project.I hope that our cooperation will be strengthened in the coming year.(cooperate)6.He has been devoted to this cause for many years.We look on him as a shining example of devotion to the scientific cause.(devote)7.Jack is an intelligent pupil，but he lacks motivation．So our head teacher often motivates him using motivating words.(motivate)8.It was fortunate of them to make a fortune trading with foreigners.And more fortunately for them，they were supported by the government.(fortune)9.The employer has decided to employ Tom as her secretary and she hopes to have a talk with all her employees now.(employ)
高频短语 语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
1.make sense 有意义；解释得通2.drop out 退出，脱离；辍学3.devote...to致力于4.boil down to sth.归结为；要点是5.apply oneself to sth.努力；专心致志于某事6.set sb./sth.apart 使与众不同7.retire from从……退休8.turn one's back on对……置之不理9.be tired of厌烦10.give away馈赠11.have the chance to do sth.有机会做某事12.get ahead取得进步13.check out检验14.push oneself to the limits把某人推到极限15.search for寻找 1.Although I couldn't have a good look at the temple，it did make sense to me.2.If you devote more time to practicing your spoken English，you can speak English more fluently.3.Some people take pains to search for cultural relics and take possession of them illegally.4.There are people who have turned their backs on their millions and found different ways to be happy in their lives.5.If you are tired of wandering around the gym wasting time，you can attend a group fitness class.6.She gave away all her furniture when she went abroad.7.The advice we gave him boiled down to this: he should take care of his health.
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
1.whenever引导让步状语从句Whenever he had more than two thousand dollars，he would give away small bank notes to homeless people in the streets of local areas. 每次英国下雪，我们都会感到惊讶。Whenever it snows in Britain，we are taken by surprise.
2.while表转折I would get the bus on my own at ten years old and go to swim 100 lengths of the pool while other kids played pool games... 他们国家有丰富的石油，然而你们国家一点也没有。Their country has plenty of oil，while yours has none.
1 committed adj.坚定的；尽心尽力的
①On a summer evening in Beijing in 2008，all those long，hard hours of work and commitment (commit) finally bore fruit.
②The professor loved his career and was committed to it all his life.
③The government made a commitment to reducing(reduce) the loss caused by the flood to the minimum.
Professors，for the most part，are committed to teaching (投身于教学)as well as research.
◎commit vt.犯(罪或错等)；承诺；保证 vi.全心全意投入(工作、活动等)
be committed to (doing) sth./commit oneself to (doing) sth.致力于(做)某事
◎commitment n．投入；忠诚；奉献；承诺
make a commitment to (doing) sth.保证/承诺(做)某事
a committed member of the team忠于职守的队员
committed socialists 坚定的社会主义者
2 devote vt.把……奉献给；专心致力于
①I still remember what you have devoted to improving (improve) my oral English and writing skills.
②Behaving in this selfless and devoted (devote) manner，these little creatures have survived on Earth for more than 140 million years...
③He devoted himself to community activities and was praised by the people around.
He decided to devote the rest of his life to (将自己的余生献给)scientific investigation.
◎devote...to (doing) sth.把……献给(做)某事
devote oneself to＝be devoted to献身于；专心致力于
◎devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的
◎devotion n．奉献；关爱
devote two hours a day to the work在这个工作上一天花两个小时
devote herself to her career全力倾注于她自己的事业
be in praise of her devotion to the cause of education称赞她献身教育事业的精神
3 limit vt.&n.[课本义]限制，限定[增补义]限量，减量；界限，范围
①There is a limit to one's life，but no limit to serving(serve) the people.
②We must limit the expense to 10 pounds.
③Families are limited(limit) to four free tickets each.
When you are driving on this road，you have to limit your speed to 60 miles per hour(把速度限制到每小时60英里)．
◎set a limit to限制……
within the limits of限定在……范围内
There is a/no limit to...……是有限的/无限的。
◎limit...to...把……限定在……范围内
◎limited adj.有限的
◎limitless adj.无限制的
perform to the limit of his capabilities他已竭尽全力
4 convince vt.说服；使确信
①He convinced the police department to allow(allow) him to set up a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks.
②You'd better take the time to make your point in a mature and convincing(convince) manner.
③You need to convince them of the information that you are enthusiastic about the job.
I am strongly convinced (我坚信)that where there is a will，there is a way.
◎convince sb.of sth.使某人相信某事
convince sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事
◎convinced adj.确信的，坚信的
be convinced of/that...相信……
◎convincing adj.令人信服的
convince them of your enthusiasm for the job让他们相信你对这份工作的热情
convince him of his mistake使他认识自己的错误
5 ruin [课本义]vt.毁掉，糟蹋，毁坏[增补义]n.废墟；毁灭
①The flood ruined crops in the field，and many buildings lay in ruins．(ruin)
②The constant rain caused damage to the old building and finally it collapsed.
(普通表达)The heavy rain lasted two weeks，which completely ruined our holiday.
(高级表达)The heavy rain lasted two weeks，completely ruining our holiday．(用非谓语动词作状语),
◎in ruins破败不堪；严重受损
◎ruin one's hope/chance毁掉某人的希望/机会
ruin oneself自我毁灭
around the ruins of the ancient city围绕古城遗迹
build a new life out of the ruins of his career
从事业失败中爬起来，重新开始新的生活
6 average [课本义]adj.平庸的，普通的n.平均水平；平均数[增补义]vt.平均为
①On average，boys like playing football better than girls.
②He is working hard and his grades are above the average in his class.
③The average of 3，8 and 10 is(be) 7.
④An average of ten students haven't passed the exam in each class.
父母买玩具的花费每年平均为220美元。
①Parents spend an average of $220 on toys every year.
②Parents spend $220 on toys on average every year.
◎on (the) average平均来看
above (the) average高于平均水平
below (the) average低于平均水平
◎an average of...平均有……(后跟数词)
the average of...……的平均数
at an average speed of 100 miles per hour以平均每小时100英里的速度
children of above/below average intelligence高于/低于一般智力的儿童
walk for an hour at an average speed以平均速度走一小时
7 recognised adj.公认的；经过检验的
①The outstanding entrepreneur is a well recognised(recognise) successful person in the world.
②Huang Danian was recognised as one of the world's leading experts in deep earth exploration technology.
③The village，which lay in ruins after the earthquake，was totally beyond recognition(recognise)．
It is recognised that (人们都认为)he is a disciplined and committed astronaut.
◎recognise vt.认出；认可；承认
recognise sb./one's voice认出某人/听出某人的声音
be recognised as/to be...被认作……/被认为是……
It is recognised that...人们公认……
◎recognition n．认出；认识
beyond recognition认不出来
have changed beyond recognition已经变得面目全非
recognise the demand for popular music承认人们对流行音乐的需求
8 contribute vi.& vt.增进；捐献；促成
①Apart from money，people contributed food and clothes to the disaster area.
②With determination and devotion，everyone can make a contribution(contribute)to the development of society.
I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world(对世界的未来有所贡献)．
◎contribute sth.to...把某物捐献给……
contribute to有助于；导致；投稿
◎contribution n．捐献；贡献；投稿
make a contribution/contributions to 对……做出贡献
contribute to our gradual progress in school促使我们在学校平稳进步
9 make sense [课本义]有意义；解释得通[增补义]是明智的；合乎情理；表述清楚；易于理解
①I hear him making sense of friendship and its limits.
②There is no sense in buying (buy) expensive clothes for children，as they soon grow out of them.
③In a sense，students today respond badly to traditional methods of teaching.
In a sense(从某种意义上说)，Youth is a good teacher that helps me to improve my English.
make sense of...弄懂……的意思
make no sense无意义
in a sense在某种意义上
in no sense决不；绝非(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
There's no sense in doing sth.做某事是没有道理/作用的。
make sense of these marks on paper弄清纸上这些符号的意义
make no sense of what he did弄不懂他做了些什么
10 drop out 退出，脱离；辍学
①Gradually his strength failed and he dropped behind in the race.
②My friend David fell down near the finishing line and injured his right leg.As a consequence，he had to drop out．
③One day，the poor man dropped in on a wise old man and asked him for advice about changing his life.
In a long march of several hundred kilometres，no one dropped out(没有一个人掉队)．
drop out of (sth.)退出(某事)
drop back/behind后退；落后
drop off打盹；小睡；减少；下降
drop in on sb.顺便拜访某人
drop in at sp.顺便到访某地
be likely to drop out of the game可能就会退出比赛
drop in on you while I was passing路过时顺便来看看你
the flowers drop off，and the fruit takes their place花朵凋谢，果实长了出来
11 [教材原句]Whenever he had more than two thousand dollars，he would give away small bank notes to homeless people in the streets of local areas.只要他有两千多美元，他就会把小面额的钞票送给当地街道上无家可归的人。
①Whatever happened，he wouldn't say a word.
②Whichever dictionary you take，you will have to pay at least 20 dollars.
③Whoever breaks the law will be punished.
Whenever we met with difficulties(每当我们遇到困难时)，they came to help us.
◎“疑问代词＋ever”可引导两种类型的从句，即让步状语从句和名词性从句。引导状语从句时相当于“no matter＋疑问代词”。
◎“no matter＋疑问代词”只能引导让步状语从句。
What difficulties I encounter，the motherland is my strong backing for ever.无论我遇到什么困难，祖国永远都是我的坚强后盾。
12 [教材原句]He was tired of being regarded as living a successful life，as a person who had everything while many people had nothing.他厌倦了过别人眼中成功的生活，在很多人一无所有的时候自己能够拥有一切。
①While I fully understand your point of view，I also have some sympathy with Michael's. 尽管；虽然
②It is beneficial to some people，while it puts others into a dilemma over whether to vote or not. 然而；可是
Some sports are usually done indoors，while others are done outdoors (然而其他的在室外做)．
◎while作并列连词，表示对比或转折，意为“然而；可是”；
◎while引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管；虽然”；
◎while可作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”。
Peace of mind can make you think quickly while anger can make you lose your mind.心平气和可以使你思维敏捷，然而，愤怒却会使你失去理智。
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．These measures would make a valuable contribution(contribute) towards reducing industrial accidents.
2．The constant rain caused serious flood，which，in turn，left many houses lying in ruins(ruin)．
3．Your essay is limited(limit) to 800 words and you are supposed to hand it in before the deadline of Oct.10.
4．It is widely recognised(recognise) that chasing stimulation online is bad for your academic work.
5．All his spare time has been devoted to learning(learn) English over the radio.
6．He was convinced(convince) that doctors and dentists knew best.
7．The hospital has a commitment (commit) to provide the best possible medical care.
8．Accomplishing goals is a major motivating(motivate) factor for anyone.
9．We would like to see closer cooperation(cooperate) between parents and schools.
10．The company was ordered to pay compensation to the employee(employ) who had been fired.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．If you devote yourself to the demanding job，you are sure to make it.
2．Playing basketball used to take up 3 hours on average every day，but now he is too busy.
3．The organization contributed a million yuan to the disaster area，which earned it a good reputation.
4．I didn't make sense of his intention in his presentation given at the meeting.
5．Whenever I visited him，he was always busy working.
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．I find it hard to work at home because there are too many distractions (distract)．
2．Because he shows courage and optimism (optimistic) when facing difficulty and misfortune，Zou was awarded the Touching Hunan award in November.
3．The zoo keeper walked towards the bird cages because he knew he could sleep comfortably(comfortable) on the benches near the cages.
4．Language materials for practice are influential (influence) in both language teaching and culture exchanging.
5．Her retirement (retire) from politics will free her to write her memoirs.
6．She is intelligent but suffers from a lack of ambition (ambitious)．
7．Not the host but the guests were(be) to blame for the quarrel yesterday.
8．When discussing influential(influence) modern artists，three names immediately come to mind.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．The entrance to the train station was closed off following the explosion.
2．It is a sense of humour that sets him apart from other competitors.
3．It was the boy who had been in prison that stole the money.
4．I would appreciate it if you could give me some advice on how to solve these problems.
5．Faulks has applied himself to this task with considerable energy.
Ⅰ.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)Mail your entry to us by October 31 this year. C
A．进入 B．条目 C．参赛作品
2．(2020·江苏卷)Before one of these workouts，the men skipped breakfast，meaning that they exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast (禁食)． B
A．跳过
B．不做(应做的事等)
C．快速转移
3．(2020·天津卷)For those who hunger for some peace and quiet，sound can now create silence. B
A．饥饿 B．渴求 C．食欲
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)This production of Shakespeare's Richard Ⅲ will be directed by the National's Associate Director，Wang Xiaoying. B
A．生产 B．作品 C．产量
Ⅱ.长难语句(分析句子的结构并将句子翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Everyone can play a part in reducing waste，whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won't eat...
此句为简单句，其中“whether by doing or by doing”属于whether加介词短语的结构，表示一种选择。
[尝试翻译]每个人都可以在减少浪费方面发挥作用，无论是通过在每周购物时不要购买超过必需的食物，还是通过要求餐厅不要提供你不会吃的配菜……
2．(2021·全国甲卷)The adorable female calf is the second black rhino born this year at the reserve，but it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild.
but连接前后两个句子。在第一个分句中，born this year at the reserve 是过去分词短语作定语，修饰black rhino，相当于定语从句that was born this year at the reserve；在第二个分句中，it是形式主语，动词不定式to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild是真正的主语。在动词不定式中，if引导宾语从句，作tell的宾语。在if从句中，动词不定式to be returned to protected areas of the wild作定语，修饰candidates，其中protected是过去分词作定语修饰areas。
[尝试翻译]这只可爱的雌性小犀牛是今年在这个保护区出生的第二只黑犀牛，但是现在说这些小犀牛们是否会成为回到野生保护区的优秀候选者还为时过早。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
As an Olympic athlete，I miss birthday parties，ruin family holidays and skip nights out.My friend was worried that I had no longer become fun 1.to train(train) with and that I was in danger of 2.being left(leave) with only a world championship medal and no one to share it with.Deep down I knew 3.elements(element) of what he was saying were right.I was pushing the limits and extremes beyond 4.what most thought were healthy.This is because I was born with an enormous amount of drive and 5.determination(determine)．Being a professional athlete is no different.If you want to be 6.an Olympic champion，it's all about that little extra thing you have done in your 7.preparation(prepare) that will set you apart 8.from your competitors.It is certainly not a 9.balanced(balance) way to live and it is certainly not normal but for any athlete who is striving for greatness，you have to be totally mitted (commit) to your sport.
Step 1.要点提示(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)
①詹森过去是个百万富翁，然而他放弃了百万家财。
Jason used to be a millionaire，but he turned his back on his millions.
②他住在一个只有二手家具的小宿舍里，他的东西都是从慈善商店买的。
He lives in a small dormitory room with only second hand furniture，who gets his things from charity shops．
③詹森很乐意放弃富人的生活方式，把自己的钱财都捐赠出去。
Jason is pleased to give up the lifestyle of a rich man and give away all his money to charities.
④这给他的生活带来了快乐和成功感。
This brings him happiness and a sense of success in life.
⑤他认为他的成就感来自帮助别人并找到生活的真谛。
He thinks his sense of achievement comes from helping others and finding true meaning in life．
⑥正如詹森所说的，成功不是看你有多少钱，而是看你如何理解生活的真谛。
As Jason says，success is not measured by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life．
Step 2.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
Jason used to be a millionaire，but he turned his back on his millions.Today he lives in a small dormitory room with only second hand furniture，who gets his things from charity shops.Jason is pleased to give up the lifestyle of a rich man and give away all his money to charities.And this brings him happiness and a sense of success in life.He thinks his sense of achievement comes from helping others and finding true meaning in life.As Jason says，success is not measured by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life.
Step 1.储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
情感描写 动作描写 环境描写
determined adj.坚定的，坚决的optimistic adj.乐观的，乐观主义的committed adj.坚定的；尽心尽力的enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的appreciative adj.感激的guilty adj.内疚的，羞愧的 drop out退出，脱离；辍学reject vt.拒绝接受skip vt.不做(本来应做的事)；蹦跳着走hire vt.租用apply oneself to sth.努力；专心致志于某事collapse vi.突然倒下；倒塌 dormitory n．寝室，学生宿舍furniture n．家具platform n．舞台；月台
Step 2.尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段)
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。
我的表弟一直热衷于电子游戏，并且专注于电子游戏。他是如此沉迷以至于废寝忘食。因为他的大学拒绝了他，他不得不退学。直到那时，他才发现舒适地住在一间装有家具的宿舍里是多么幸运。站在火车站的站台上，他感到内疚，并且决心放弃这个习惯。
My cousin was always enthusiastic about video games and would apply himself to them.He was so addicted to it that he skipped meals and stayed up late.Because his college rejected him，he had to drop out.Not until then did he realise how lucky it was to live comfortably in a dormitory which was equipped with furniture.Standing on the platform of the railway station，he felt guilty and was determined to give up the habit.(共98张PPT)
教材知识讲练
选择性必修第一册
UNIT 3 CONSERVATION
1.(动作描写)(2020·浙江卷) ...a young male polar bear who was playing in a nearby lake sniffed，and smelled our garlic bread.
2.(心理描写)(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)I do know how upset the shop staff can get，but I try to persuade them to keep smiling.
3.(人物描写)(2022·汕头市模拟)She was one of the friendliest people in school，with shiny black hair and a mile-wide smile.
续写语料积累 背诵·句之美
(2022·南通市联考)Jordan felt embarrassed，but he pretended not to hear.He quickly paid for all his goods and rushed out of the supermarket，leaving the woman staring at him from behind.He looked at his watch and imagined that he would make it with good luck.He quickly adjusted his scarf and disappeared into the mist like a gust of wind.
续写语料积累 欣赏·语之秀
语基自查自测·巩固验收
01
1.____ n.一项，一条
2.___________ adj.有教育意义的；知识性强的
3.______n.威胁；(灾难等坏事)发生的可能
4._________ adv.非法地，违法地
5.______ n.十年，十年期
6._______ adj.灭绝的，绝种的
7.__________ adv.非常地，极端地
8.______ adj.紧急的，急迫的
核心单词
item
informative
threat
illegally
decade
extinct
incredibly
urgent
9._______ n.物种，种
10.____ adj.大量的
11._______ vt.(使)恢复
12.________ n.减少；减少的量vi.&vt.减少
13._____ vt.责怪，指责
14._________ adj.现实的，实际的
15._____ vt.声称；断言；主张 n.声称；(根据权力而提出的)要求
16.______ vi.相联系，有关联
核心单词
species
mass
restore
decrease
blame
realistic
claim
relate
1.Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants，flowers，patterns and ______ (mass)of color.
2.The book is too long but，nonetheless，___________(information) and entertaining.
3.These measures have played a vital role in _________(restore) the economy.
4.This species will be extinct in a few _______ (decade).
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
masses
informative
restoring
decades
5.To make the training _________ (real) the simulation operates in real time.
6.The money could be better spent on __________(urgent) cases.
7.An operation is beginning to try to save a species of crocodile from__________(extinct).
8.People are becoming more sensitized to the dangers ______________
(threaten) the environment.
9.If the _____(item) are not satisfactory，you will get your money back.
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
realistic
more urgent
extinction
threatening
items
1.conserve v.保存；保护；储藏→____________ n.保护→____________ adj.保守的；守旧的
2.recycle vi.&vt.再利用，回收利用→__________ adj.可回收的→____________ adj.不可回收的
3.danger n.危险→_________ adj.危险的→________ vt.危及→__________ adj.濒危的
派生单词
conservation
conservative
recyclable
unrecyclable
dangerous
endanger
endangered
4.consume vt.消费；消耗；吃完→________ n.消费者→___________ n.消费；消耗
5.collect vt.收集，采集→__________ n.收集；收藏品；专辑
6.anxiety n.忧虑，担心→_______ adj.焦虑的，不安的→_________ adv.焦急地；焦虑地
派生单词
consumer
consumption
collection
anxious
anxiously
7.annoy vt.打搅；使烦恼→_______ adj.烦恼的，生气的→________ adj.使烦恼的→_________ n.烦恼
8.destroy vt.破坏；毁掉→___________ n.破坏；毁掉→_________n.破坏者
派生单词
annoyed
annoying
annoyance
destruction
destroyer
1.___________ materials must be ________ in order to protect our environment.(recycle)
2.The food on offer is unfit for human ___________，so its _________ should be animals.(consume)
3.Up to now，he has _________ a large __________ of stamps about animals.(collect)
4.To her _________，the ________ news that she failed the exam made her parents very _______．(annoy)
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
Recyclable
recycled
consumption
consumers
collected
collection
annoyance
annoying
annoyed
5.He was interested in wildlife ____________ and he proposed the local government should introduce some tough new laws to ________ wildlife in the area.(conserve)
6.Look out! There are some _________ animals in the area，including South China Tiger，which is an __________ species.(danger)
7.Her husband sat outside the laboratory，_________ awaiting the result of the medical tests and his _______ led her to feel more upset.
(anxious)
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
conservation
conserve
dangerous
endangered
anxiously
anxiety
1.do one's part 尽自己的职责
2.die out 消失；绝迹，灭绝
3.wipe out 彻底毁灭
4.be to blame (对某事)负有责任
5.be at risk 处境危险，受到威胁
6.set out 开始做某事，着手进行
7.be related to 与……有关联
高频短语
8.for instance 例如
9.sum up 概括，总结
10.take action 采取行动
11.take steps 采取措施
12.in short 总之
13.do away with 废除
14.get stuck in 陷入
高频短语
1.To _____，we should form the habit of using mobile phones properly.
2.The government has ______ to make many needed reforms in the past decade.
3.Students ought to ___________ to make steady progress.
4.To _______ the resistant force，they declared that they had put arms including advanced tanks and fighter planes in place.
语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
sum up
set out
do their part
wipe out
5.Many scientists say we are now entering the Earth's sixth mass extinction.This time，human activities will _________.
6.He had discovered that this noble family had ______and was forgotten.
7.123，000 people were________early death over the next 20 years，the study said.
语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
be to blame
died out
at risk of
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
1.without引导含蓄虚拟语气
Without forests，we would have no air to breathe，and without clean water we would be unable to survive. 没有你的帮助，我们现在就不会有那么大的成就。
Without your help，we _______
_______________ so much now.
not have achieved
would
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
2.over the last＋时间
Over the last decade，an average of 2，500 people have died every year in vehicle accidents. 在过去几年里，这里的旅游业获得了相当大的发展。
____________________ tourism here has developed considerably.
Over the last few years
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
3.with复合结构
Storms have been getting worse everywhere too，with more hurricanes hitting the US and Central America. 由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。
________________________，we can't afford luxuries.
With prices going up so fast
考点探究归纳·多维讲练
02
词法探究
句法探究
1 threat n.威胁；(灾难等坏事)发生的可能
练中回想——语法填空
①Being stuck in a big fire is __________，and we are __________ with
it.(threat)
②He is unlikely to be _ threat to the Spanish players in the final.
③David threatened ________ (report) his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid.
threatening
threatened
a
to report
完美写作——完成句子
Since _____________________ (我们仍然受到威胁)，we really admire them for their courage and contribution.
we are still under threat
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎a threat构成威胁的人或事物
under threat受到威胁
◎threaten v.威胁；恐吓；威胁到，危及
threaten to do sth.威胁做某事
◎threatening adj.威胁的；恐吓的
语料输入——必备素材
take threats of this kind very seriously对这类威胁非常重视
the clouds threatened rain 乌云密布预示大雨将至
2 switch [课本义]vi.&vt.转换，改变[增补义]vt.交换；调换；对调n.改变；转变；开关；闸
练中回想——语法填空
①Switch ___ the TV before you go out.
②She switched __ the lamp because it was dark.
③We asked them if they would switch places ____ us.
off
on
with
完美写作——完成句子
①As far as I know，he started studying history but then _____________
_____________(转为建筑学)．
②__________________________ (一定要把灯关掉) when you leave the office.
switched over
to architecture
Be sure to switch off the light
练后归纳——搭配拓展
switch off切断(电源、气体等)
switch on打开(开关)；接通(电源等)
switch (from...) to...(从……)转变成，(从……)转换到
switch sth.with sb.和某人交换某物
语料输入——必备素材
switch her attention to films她把注意力投向电影业
encourage companies to switch from coal to cleaner fuels鼓励企业转向使用比煤更清洁的能源
3 urgent adj.紧急的，急迫的
练中回想——语法填空
①The report urged that all children ________________(teach) to swim.
②He denounces people who urge him ________(change) his ways.
③I need not press on you the _______(urgent) of the matter.
完美写作——完成句子
____________________ (迫切需要)for qualified teachers.
(should) be taught
to change
urgency
There is an urgent need
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎urge v.催促；力劝；强烈要求
urge sb.to do sth.敦促某人做某事
urge that sb.(should) do sth.敦促某人做某事
urge sth.on sb.向某人提出/力陈某事
◎urgency n.紧急的事
语料输入——必备素材
an urgent appeal for information 紧急呼吁提供信息
an urgent phone call一个紧急电话
4 decrease n.减少；减少的量vi.&vt.减少
练中回想——语法填空
①Reactivity is an increase in negative emotions or__decrease in positive emotions.
②Last year the number of independent firms decreased ____ 198 to 96.
③The crime rate in this area has decreased __ the lowest level nowadays.
a
from
to
完美写作——完成句子
Because of human activities，the number of some rare animals _______________(正在减少)．
is on the decrease
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎decrease to...减少到……
decrease by...减少了……
decrease from...to...从……减少到……
◎on the decrease正在减少
on the increase正在增加
语料输入——必备素材
decreased from 210 to 160 this year今年人数从210减少到160
a decreasing population逐渐减少的人口
be decreasing by 1.4% each year...正在以每年1.4%的速度下降
5 blame [课本义]vt.责怪，指责[增补义]n.责任；责备；指责
练中回想——语法填空
①If that happens，the coach will take ___ blame for it.
②You are not _______ (blame)．I can't put the blame __ you.
③You shouldn't blame John ___ the failure.＝You shouldn't blame the failure __ John.
the
to blame
on
for
on
完美写作——句式升级
(普通表达)Alice was in low spirits because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network.
(高级表达)________________________________________________，Alice was in low spirits.(过去分词短语作状语)
Blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎blame sb.for...因……而指责某人；把……归咎于某人
blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人
be to blame (for sth.)(为某事)承担责任；(因某事)该受责备(主动形式表被动意义)
◎take/deserve the blame for...对……负责；为……承担责任
put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.把某事推到某人身上/归咎于某人
语料输入——必备素材
blame the accident on dangerous driving把事故原因归咎于危险驾驶
blame oneself for what happened为发生的事责怪自己
6 relate [课本义]vi.相联系，有关联[增补义]vt.使有联系；把……联系起来；叙述；讲述
练中回想——语法填空
①We must relate these principles __ our everyday work.
②I am not _______(relate) to him in any way.
③It's unfortunate when a father and son can't relate __ each other.
to
related
to
完美写作——一句多译
你应该把与这个问题有关的所有信息都写下来。
①You should write down all the information_______ the problem.(relate)
②You should write down all the information __________ the problem.
(relation)
related to
in relation to
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎related adj.有关系的，相关的
be related to 与……有关系
◎relate...to/with...向……讲述；把……联系起来
relate to...和……有关联
◎relation n.联系，关系
in/with relation to与……有关；涉及；与……相比
语料输入——必备素材
be related to productivity和业绩挂钩
relate her childhood experiences to me向我讲述了她童年的经历
have some comments to make in relation to this matter关于这件事有几点看法
7 claim [课本义]vt.声称；断言；主张n.声称；(根据权力而提出的)要求[增补义]n.索赔
练中回想——语法填空
①You could have claimed the cost of the hotel room ____ your insurance.
②He entered the manager's office and made a claim ___ higher pay.
③Doctors claimed ________________ (discover) a cure for the disease.
from
for
to have discovered
完美写作——完成句子
________________(据称)humor not only affects patients' moods，but can actually help them recover faster.
It is claimed that
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎claim sth.要求获得某物；认领
claim to do/be...声称要做/是……
claim that...声称，断言
claim to have done...声称做了……
◎make a claim for要求……；提出，主张
语料输入——必备素材
claim a major breakthrough in the fight against cancer宣称攻克癌症已有重大突破
claim damages from the company for the injury 因受伤向公司要求获得赔偿金
8 die out 消失；绝迹，灭绝
练中回想——语法填空
①As the region is becoming hotter，this kind of grass is dying ___．
②Their chatter and laughter die ____ as the group rushed out of the classroom.
③When all the guests had left，the whole house died _____．
④We need to take action before all the endangered animals died ___．
off
away
down
out
完美写作——完成句子
As a result，_______________________________(这些濒危的动物可能会灭绝)．
these endangered animals may die out
练后归纳——搭配拓展
die away逐渐减弱，逐渐模糊，逐渐消失
die down逐渐降低，逐渐平息
die off相继死去
die of死于(内因)
die from死于(外因)
语料输入——必备素材
many species will soon die out if we don't take action如果我们不采取行动，许多物种将很快灭绝
her patience started to die away她逐渐失去耐心
9 be at risk 处境危险，受到威胁
练中回想——语法填空
①He jumped into the river __ the risk of losing his life.
②I didn't want to take/run the risk of _______(leave) John alone.
③He worked hard，for he couldn't risk ______(lose) the good job.＝He worked hard，for he couldn't take/run the risk __ losing the good job.
at
leaving
losing
of
完美写作——完成句子
He had shown himself careless of personal safety where the life of __________________________(他的同事身处危险时)．
his colleagues might be at risk
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎at the risk of...冒……的危险
take risks/a risk冒险
put one's life at risk冒生命危险
◎risk doing sth.冒险做某事
risk one's life to do sth.冒着生命危险做某事
语料输入——必备素材
be at risk of infection冒着被感染的风险
be at risk from flooding遭到洪水侵袭的危险
have no right to take risks with other people's lives 没有权利拿别人的生命去冒险
10 set out [课本义]开始做某事，着手进行[增补义]动身；启程
练中回想——语法填空
①We set out _______(paint) the whole house but finished only the front part that day.
②When the meeting was over，he set about _______ (write) a report about it immediately.
③Mary would always set ______new ideas that occurred to her.
to paint
writing
down
完美写作——词汇升级
(普通表达)Considering his health，I advise him to save an hour or two each day to work out.
(高级表达)Considering his health，I advise him to ________ an hour or two each day to work out.
set aside
练后归纳——搭配拓展
set about sth./doing sth.着手某事/做某事
set aside把……放置一旁，不理会；留出
set back妨碍；阻碍
set down把……放下来；写下；记下
set in(气候，季节等)开始
set off动身，出发；发射；使爆炸
set up创立
语料输入——必备素材
set out to search for his pet cat出门去找他的宠物猫
set aside an hour a day for review purpose每天留出一小时用于复习
set off at a cracking pace迅速地出发
set about finding a solution着手寻找一个解决办法
11 [教材原句]Without forests，we would have no air to breathe，and without clean water we would be unable to survive.没有森林，我们就不能呼吸空气；没有干净的水，我们将无法生存。
练中回想——语法填空
①Without diverse creatures and plants，our globe _______(be) less interesting.
②Mr Brown gave me a helping hand.Otherwise，I would_______ (get)
into great trouble.
③But ___ your advice，I would have no way to deal with the problem.
would be
have got
for
完美写作——完成句子
But for a knee injury，________________________________________
(他今天将参加篮球比赛)．
he would take part in the basketball match today
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎without引导含蓄虚拟语气既可表示与现在事实相反的假设(主句中用would/could/might/should do)；也可表示与过去事实相反的假设(主句中用would/could/might/should have done)。
◎有类似用法的还有：with，otherwise/or(否则)，but for(要不是)等。
语料输入——必备素材
But for the careful preparation，our project wouldn't have progressed so smoothly.要是没有精心的准备，我们的项目不会进展这么顺利的。
12 [教材原句]Storms have been getting worse everywhere too，with more hurricanes hitting the US and Central America.暴风雨愈发肆虐，越来越多的飓风袭击美国和中美洲。
练中回想——语法填空
①I won't be able to go on holiday with my mother _____(be) ill.
②She was thinking for a while with her eyes _____(fix) on the picture.
being
fixed
完美写作——句式升级
(普通表达)As he had a lot of work to do，he wasn't allowed to go out.
(高级表达)___________________，he wasn't allowed to go out.(用with的复合结构)
With a lot of work to do
练后归纳——搭配拓展
with的复合结构，形式为with＋宾语＋宾语补足语，这一结构在句中可作状语也可作定语。在这一结构中，作宾补的可以是形容词、副词、介词短语、动词-ing形式、过去分词短语、不定式等。
语料输入——必备素材
With ideals in mind，your life will never lose its direction，which is like a tower in the dark.有理想在心头，你的生活就永远不会迷失方向，它就像黑暗中的灯塔。
三层固基达标训练
03
层级一
层级二
层级三
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．It _________(claim) that another three astronauts will be sent into space next month.
2．In fact，he was really _______(blame) for his careless driving.
3．At the risk of ____________(scold)，he drove his father's car to school.
4．All the afternoon he worked with the door ______ (lock)．
is claimed
to blame
being scolded
locked
5．Much of the crime in this area is _______(relate) to drug abuse.
6．Without the hybrid rice cultivated，many people _____________(die) from hunger in the past.
7．However hard he works，he won't be recognised as a success，which is really ________(annoy)．
8．He has been living in this country _________ (legal) since May 2012，with no visa.
related
would have died
annoying
illegally
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．It is his lack of self-discipline that is related __ his being fired by the company.
2．You are required to sum __ the main idea of the passage with a maximum of 6 words.
to
up
3．The number of teaching staff members in this school has decreased __ 700 persons.
4．We need to switch ___ the cell phone and leave the children to play by themselves.
5．Without what you had done for me，I _____never be a successful businessman.
to
off
would
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．He even received a medal from the Chinese government for his ____________ (conserve) efforts.
2．It was the most extreme example of_______ (cruel) to animals I had ever seen.
3．He _______(wrap) the package in brown paper and tied it with string.
conservation
cruelty
wrapped
4．His car turned over and caught on fire and yet，________(incredible)，he escaped unscathed.
5．We waited with _______ (anxious) for the news of her safe arrival.
6．We should raise _________ (aware) of protecting our environment.
incredibly
anxiety
awareness
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．A volcanic eruption nearly wiped ___the small island of Montserrat in 1997.
2．These measures have had__vital role in restoring the economy.
3．They are still hunting ___ the missing boy，who disappeared last Sunday after attending his friend's birthday party.
out
a
for
4．The country needs new leadership if she is to play a role __ future development.
5．There are jobs more dangerous than truck driving，___ instance，training lions.
in
for
Ⅰ.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)I stuck the chicken in the freezer. __
A．戳 B．插入 C．放置
C
2．(2021·浙江1月卷)At first I got jammed just above my eyes and then，as I went on with my task，unwilling to quit，my nose briefly prevented entry. __
A．动弹不得；卡住了
B．塞入；塞进
C．即兴演奏
A
3．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off“switch” where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight. __
A．改变 B．(铁路的)道岔 C．转换器
4．(2020·江苏卷)...I also began to find something else，a collection of scientists，usually brilliant，occasionally half-mad，who made the discoveries. __
A．收藏品 B．一群人 C．募集
C
B
Ⅱ.长难语句(分析句子的结构并将句子翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.
化繁为简 本句为主从复合句。主句是Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine；关系副词_____引导限制性定语从句修饰 care homes，且在从句中作状语。
[尝试翻译]养老院的工作人员报告说，在使用母鸡的地方，药物的使用有所减少。
where
2．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they've gone to bed.
化繁为简 本句为______结构的简单句。and 连接两个并列表语，letting the hens out 作____状语，to see they've gone to bed 为____状语。
[尝试翻译]我早上坐着轮椅下去让母鸡出窝，晚上再下去看它们睡觉。
主系表
方式
目的
3．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)The staff is friendly and helpful，providing you with a map of the city when you arrive，and offering advice if you require some.
化繁为简 本句是简单句。主句为_____________________________，两个非谓语动词短语providing...和offering...作____，其中两个非谓语动词短语中都含有一个从句，分别是________从句when you arrive和________从句 if you require some。
[尝试翻译]工作人员是热情且乐于助人的，在你到达时会给你提供一张城市地图，如果你需要的话会提供建议。
The staff is friendly and helpful
状语
时间状语
条件状语
三维提能培优训练
04
维度一
维度二
维度三
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
In our Earth's history，there have been five times 1.____ life on Earth has almost ended.The third mass extinction 2.______(kill) 90% to 96% of all species and the fifth event caused the 3._____(die) of the
when
killed
death
dinosaurs.The reasons for extinctions are varied.The natural reasons include volcanic eruptions，asteroids hitting the Earth from space，changes in sea levels，the decrease 4.__ the oxygen content of the sea and 5.______(globe) warming.This time，man will be to blame 6.___ the Earth's sixth mass extinction.Air and water pollution，forests being destroyed，factory farming and overfishing are causing species to die
of
global
for
out 1，000 times 7.______(fast) than normal.We ought to take action to avoid a 8._____(six)extinction now，which means we have to save 9.__________(endanger)species，change how we work and travel and improve our farming methods to reduce water，air and land pollution.In short，if we want to survive，we need to stop 10.__________(destroy) the planet that we live on and start to protect it.
faster
sixth
endangered
destroying
Step 1.要点提示(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)
①每天我们会碰到交通阻塞，抵达工作地点或者学校时感到心力交瘁、心烦气躁。
We __________ traffic jams and arrive at the workplace or school，___________，tired and angry，every day.
get stuck in
stressed out
②和真正的社会损失相比，个人的愤怒和焦虑根本不值一提。
______________________are nothing __________the real costs socially.
Personal anger and stress
compared to
③在过去的二十年里，路上行驶的汽车数量增加了25%。
In the last 20 years，the number of cars on the roads ___________ 25%.
④在过去十年中，平均每年有2 500人死于交通事故。
Over the last decade，vehicle accidents have caused ___________ 2，500 deaths every year.
⑤来自汽车发动机的各种类型的温室气体导致全球变暖和气候变化。
Various types of greenhouse gases from car engines _________________
_________________．
has gone up by
an average of
lead to global warming
and climate change
⑥每年有近3万人死于空气污染，并且有些癌症与交通污染有关。
Almost 30，000 deaths per year are caused by air pollution and some types of cancer ____________ traffic pollution.
⑦我们应当立刻采取行动——迈开你的腿，乘坐公共交通工具和与他人拼车。
We should __________ at once—using your legs，using public transport and __________________________．
are related to
take action
sharing cars with someone else
Step 2.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
We get stuck in traffic jams and arrive at the workplace or school，stressed out，tired and angry，every day.But personal anger and stress are nothing compared to the real costs socially.In the last 20 years，the number of cars on the roads has gone up by 25%.Over the last decade，
vehicleaccidents have caused an average of 2，500 deaths every year.Various types of greenhouse gases from car engines lead to global warming and climate change.Almost 30，000 deaths per year are caused by air pollution and some types of cancer are related to traffic pollution.So we should take action at once—using your legs，using public transport and sharing cars with someone else.
Step 1.储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
情感描写
anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的
stressed out焦虑的
anger n.
愤怒；怒气
annoyed adj.烦恼的，生气的
环境描写 动作描写
varied adj.各种各样的，形形色色的
shell n.壳；贝壳
dirt n.灰尘，尘土
traffic jam交通堵塞
typhoon n.台风
valley n.谷，山谷
scenic adj.景色优美的
historic adj.古老的；历史上重要的 blame v.责怪，指责
set out开始做某事，着手进行
wrap v.
包，裹
swallow vi.& vt.吞下，咽下
carve vt.雕，刻
Step 2.尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段)
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。
Cinderella住在一个历史悠久、风景优美的小镇上。然而，她最近对一些现象感到恼火。无论她走到哪里，她都会看到各种各样的塑料包装、坚果壳和雕刻在墙壁和树木上的字。此外，镇上还经常有交通堵塞。她对小镇感到焦虑，Cinderella去年开始和其他环保人士一起清理垃圾。她没有把污染归咎于游客，而是决定用自己的行为来影响他人。
Cinderella lives in a historic scenic town.However，she is annoyed about some phenomena recently.Everywhere she goes，she will see varied plastic packaging，shells of nuts and characters carved on walls and trees.Besides，there are often traffic jams in the town.Anxious about her town，Cinderella set out to clean up the rubbish with other environmentalists last year.Instead of blaming the tourists for pollution，she decides to affect others with her behaviour.
