(共96张PPT)
教材知识讲练
选择性必修第四册
UNIT 10 CONNECTIONS
1.(行为描写)(2022·南京市模拟)She refused to leave and sat silently，staring at me angrily from the back of the room.
2.(心理描写)(2022·邵阳市模拟)I was like a pond in which someone had thrown a stone and it had been spilled up.
3.(人物描写)(2022·沈阳市模拟)Dark-haired，with a youthful face and thick eyebrows，he had never travelled beyond the United States and his native Mexico.
续写语料积累 背诵·句之美
(2022·广州市综合测试)Then，one day in October，I was really pleased with what I had written，so pleased that I wanted to share.I remember my heart pounding in my chest as I raised my hand to read，and those urgent little voices in my mind listing all the reasons why it wasn't a good idea：They won't understand you.
续写语料积累 欣赏·语之秀
语基自查自测·巩固验收
01
1.________ n.抵触，冲突，矛盾
2.____________ n.干涉，干预
3.____ vt.羡慕，妒忌
4._______ vt.&n.发表，发布；释放
5.______ vt.揭示，揭露；展现，显露
6.__________ n.印象，感想
7.______ adj.随机的，随意的
核心单词
conflict
intervention
envy
release
reveal
impression
random
8._________ adj.两月一次的；一月两次的
9._____ vi.&vt.收养，领养；采取某种方法、政策、态度
10._______ vi.继续进行，继续做
11.______ vi.有吸引力 vi.&vt.呼吁，恳请；上诉
12._________ vi.&vt.打断(某人的)讲话，中断(某人的)行动，打扰
13.___________ n.原谅，宽恕
核心单词
bimonthly
adopt
proceed
appeal
interrupt
forgiveness
1.He ______ (envy)her—she seemed to have everything she could possibly want.
2.After being questioned by the police，she ___________ (release) without charge.
3.He laughed loudly，_________ (reveal) a line of white teeth.
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
envied
was released
revealing
4.The birth of her son was a minor ___________ (interrupt) to her career.
5.The winning numbers are ________(random) selected by computer.
6.It was an incredible display of motherly love and _________ (forgive).
7.This sort of life is not calculated to appeal __ a young man of 20.
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
interruption
randomly
forgiveness
to
1.agree vt.&vi.同意，赞同；一致；符合→________ vt.&vi.不同意，不赞同；不一致；不符合→_________ n.一致；同意；协议→____________ n.意见不合，分歧，争论
2.encourage vt.鼓励，鼓舞→___________ adj.令人鼓舞的，振奋人心的→_____________ n.鼓励，鼓舞；起激励作用的事物
3.apology n.道歉，谢罪→_________ vi.道歉，谢罪
派生单词
disagree
agreement
disagreement
encouraging
encouragement
apologise
4.add vi.&vt.增加；增添→________ n.增加，增添；附属物→__________ adj.附加的，额外的→____________ adv.除此之外，此外
5.frequent adj.经常的；频繁的→__________ adv.经常地；频繁地→_________ n.频率；频繁
6.consequence n.后果→__________ adj.随之发生的；作为结果的→____________ adv.因此，所以
派生单词
addition
additional
additionally
frequently
frequency
consequent
consequently
7.disturb vt.干扰，打扰，使中断→___________n.干扰；扰乱→__________ adj.令人不安的
8.investigate vi.&vt.查明，调查，侦查→_____________ n.调查
9.legal adj.法律的；法律允许的，合法的→_______adj.不合法的
10.sorrow n.悲伤，悲痛；不幸→_________adj.痛苦的
派生单词
disturbance
disturbing
investigation
illegal
sorrowful
1.It is ______ that what he said is not in _________ with what he did.So we don't trust him any more.(agree)
2.Thanks to your _____________，I made continuous and __________
progress in English，and finally decided to major in it in university.
(encourage)
3.He ____________ for having kept us waiting for an hour，so we all forgave him for his sincere _______．(apologise)
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
agreed
agreement
encouragement
encouraging
apologised
apology
4.I hear the case is under _____________，but I don't know who is _____________ it.(investigate)
5.In ________，he expressed his satisfaction with the talks，______ that he had enjoyed his stay here.(add)
6.It's _______(legal) to read people's private letters without permission.
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
investigation
investigating
addition
adding
illegal
7.You have to bear the ___________ of your action._____________，look before you leap.(consequent)
8.The ________ of Kara's phone calls increased rapidly.She _________
answered the phone in the office，which made others upset.(frequent)
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
consequence
Consequently
frequency
frequently
1.hang out 闲待；厮混
2.call on 号召
3.refer to 指的是
4.be connected to 有关联；连接到
5.be based on 以……为基础
高频短语
6.no more than 仅仅
7.in amazement 惊奇地
8.burst into 突然……起来
9.bury one's face in arms 胳膊掩面
10.due to 由于
11.pick up (用车)接；捡起；(偶然)学会
高频短语
1.Try to figure out what kind of people you want to ________ with.
2.This button can __________ customer requirements，using different materials to package.
3.The company employs ____________ a couple of dozen people.
4.She read the letter and promptly _________ tears.
5.He ________ the case and walked towards the exit.
语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
hang out
be based on
no more than
burst into
picked up
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
1.once＋过去分词作状语
...and once released，the results were published in the bimonthly magazine Psychology Today. 一旦你被那家公司雇用，你将得到很高的薪水。
__________ by that company，you will get a high salary.
Once hired
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
2.情态动词＋have done
I might have expected it.I might have known it was all too beautiful to last.I might have known nobody really did want me. 要不是邻居介入，她可能会没命了。
She ___________________ if the neighbours hadn't intervened.
might have been killed
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
3.there is no need to do sth....
Well，well，there's no need to cry so about it. 你明天不必早起。
___________________________ early tomorrow.
4.with复合结构
Midway between table and bed was the window，with an icy white curtain over it. 她含着眼泪说了声再见。
She said goodbye __________________.
There is no need for you to get up
with tears in her eyes
考点探究归纳·多维讲练
02
词法探究
句法探究
1 conflict [课本义]n.抵触，冲突，矛盾[增补义]n.斗争；争执v.冲突；抵触
练中回想——语法填空
①The supply has been __ conflict with the demand since last year.
②Having disagreements with your parents does not necessarily mean you must come into conflict ____ them.
in
with
完美写作——完成句子
For another，fashion is an essential part of our life，which __________
____________________________ our studies(它与我们的学业并不冲突)．
conflict with/isn't in conflict with
doesn't
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎come into conflict with和……冲突(动作)
(be) in conflict (with)(和……)冲突(状态)
◎conflict with与……发生冲突
语料输入——必备素材
often come into conflict with her mother-in-law经常与婆婆发生争执
found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career发现自己在将来择业的问题上与父母存在着分歧
2 envy [课本义]vt.羡慕，妒忌[增补义]n.庆幸(不必做别人非做不可的事)；羡慕，妒忌
练中回想——语法填空
①He was sure that other drivers looked at him ____ envy.
②He saw the _______ (envy) look in the other boy's eyes.
with
envious
完美写作——完成句子
①This region has increasingly become __________________________
(世界其他地区羡慕的对象)．
②___________________________(不少同学嫉妒)and admired her for her good looks and intelligence.
the envy of the rest of the world
Quite a few schoolmates envied
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎envy sb.sth.羡慕某人某事
envy sb.doing sth.羡慕某人做某事
◎out of envy出于嫉妒
with envy羡慕地
be the envy of...成为……嫉妒/羡慕的对象
◎envious adj.羡慕的；嫉妒的
be envious of...羡慕……
enviable令人羡慕的；引起嫉妒的
语料输入——必备素材
envy him his good looks羡慕他的英俊面容
look with envy at her dress艳羡地看着她的裙子
3 apologise vi.道歉，谢罪
练中回想——语法填空
①I came to you，hat in hand，to apologise ___ the damage I had indirectly caused and to ask you to reconsider my lifetime ban from the hotel.
②I apologised __ my neighbors for disturbing them by redecorating the room.
③I have to make an _______(apologise) to you for taking your parcel home by mistake.
for
to
apology
完美写作——一句多译
我认为你应该因为你的过错向老师道歉。
①I think you should _________________________ your error.
(apologise)
②I think you should _____________________________ your error.
(apology)
apologise to your teacher for
make an apology to your teacher for
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎apologise to sb.for (doing) sth.为(做)某事而向某人道歉
◎apology n.[C]&[U]道歉；歉意
accept/refuse sb.'s apology接受/拒绝某人的道歉
owe sb.an apology＝owe an apology to sb.应该向某人表示歉意
make an apology to sb.(for...)(为……)向某人道歉
语料输入——必备素材
apologise to your sister向你姐姐道歉
apologise for the late arrival of the train为火车误点表示歉意
4 consequence n.后果；重要性
练中回想——语法填空
①I wonder if parents should always tell the truth no matter what the ____________(consequent) are.
②Scientists spent years in researching the technology._____________
(consequent)，Dolly the sheep was cloned.
③___ a consequence of her teacher's frequent encouragement，she worked hard and made great progress.
consequences
Consequently
As
完美写作——词汇升级
(普通表达)All flights have been delayed as a result of the heavy fog.
①(高级表达)All flights have been delayed ________________ the heavy fog.
②(高级表达)All flights have been delayed _______________ the heavy fog.
as a consequence of
in consequence of
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎as a consequence＝in consequence结果，因此
as a consequence of＝in consequence of由于；因为……的缘故
be of no consequence (to sb.)(对某人)无关紧要
◎consequent adj.随之发生的；必然的
consequently adv.因此；结果
语料输入——必备素材
answer for the consequences对后果负责
take/suffer/bear the consequences承担后果
the consequent environmental problems also increasingly become the focus随之而来的环境问题也日益成为人们关注的焦点
5 adopt [课本义]vi.&vt.收养，领养；采取某种方法、政策、态度[增补义]v.正式通过，表决采纳
练中回想——语法填空
①Mr Ken adopted the orphan __ his own son.
②We are talking about the ________(adopt) of a new plan for the picnic.
③This couple treats their _______(adopt) child as their own.
as
adoption
adopted
完美写作——完成句子
He was left an orphan and a kind woman _____________________(收养他为儿子)．
adopted him as her son
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎adopt an idea/a plan采纳意见/计划
adopt sb.as...收养某人为……
◎adoption n.采纳，采用，过继
adopted adj.收养的，领养的；外来的
语料输入——必备素材
adopt a resolution通过一项决议
adopt different approaches to the problem采用不同的方法处理这个问题
6 appeal [课本义]vi.有吸引力vi.& vt.呼吁，恳请；上诉[增补义]n.呼吁；吸引力；上诉
练中回想——语法填空
①In addition，most newspapers had little in them that would appeal __ a mass audience.
②The smell from the canteen was so _________(appeal) that my stomach was growling.
to
appealing
完美写作——完成句子
At the end of my speech，I _________________________________(我呼吁每个人尽自己的一份力) to protect our schoolyard.
appeal to everyone to do your own part
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎appeal to sb.for/to do...向某人呼吁……/恳求某人做……
appeal to sb.吸引某人；投某人所好
◎make an appeal to sb.for sth./to do sth.为某事向某人呼吁/恳求某人做某事
◎appealing adj.吸引人的；恳求的
语料输入——必备素材
appeal to all classes of society吸引社会各阶层人士
appeal to a wide audience吸引了大批的听/观众
7 hang out 闲待，厮混；晾晒(洗好的衣物)
练中回想——语法填空
①Hang on __ the branch，until I bring the ladder.
②The local kids often hang ___ at the mall.
完美写作——完成句子
There's also an area on the rooftop for __________________________ (和其他朋友一起玩)during the summer.
to
out
hanging out with other friends
练后归纳——搭配拓展
hang on紧紧抓住；稍等
hang on to sth.紧紧抓住某物
hang up挂断电话
hang around闲逛
语料输入——必备素材
hang out with their friends和朋友一起出去玩
hang out your washing把洗好的衣服晾出去
8 burst into 闯入；突然发作；突然……起来
练中回想——语法填空
①The aircraft crashed and burst ____ flames.
②He burst __ on the meeting.
③Rubin burst out ________(laugh) as he read the letter.
into
in
laughing
完美写作——一句多译
看到同学们因为她的愚蠢错误哄堂大笑，她突然哭了起来。
①Seeing her classmates ________________ because of her foolish mistakes，she ______________．(burst out)
②Seeing her classmates _________________ because of her foolish mistakes，she ______________．(burst into)
burst out laughing
burst out crying
burst into laughter
burst into tears
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎burst in/into突然闯进；破门而入
burst out crying(＝burst into tears)突然哭起来
burst out laughing(＝burst into laughter)突然笑起来
burst with anger勃然大怒
◎a burst of...一阵……
语料输入——必备素材
burst into tears and ran from the kitchen突然哭起来，跑出了厨房
the crowd burst into prolonged cheering人群中爆发出长时间的欢呼声
put on a burst of speed突然加速了
9 pick up 开车接送某人；搭载乘客；捡起；(偶然)得到，听到，学会；好转；加速；接电话；搭救；廉价买到
练中回想——语法填空
①The hotel business always picks __ in summer.
②Mike is so tall that he is easy to pick ___．
③Never pick __ anybody who isn't your own size，son.
完美写作——完成句子
If you go to England you'll soon ______________(学会英语)．
up
out
on
pick up English
练后归纳——搭配拓展
pick out挑出，辨别出
pick on故意刁难，挑剔
语料输入——必备素材
pick up sea shells at the seashore在海边捡贝壳
pick up speed加速
pick up bad habits染上坏习惯
pick me out in this photo把我从这张照片上认出来
10 [教材原句]I might have expected it.I might have known it was all too beautiful to last.I might have known nobody really did want me.我早就应该料到。我早就应该知道这件事太美好，无法持久。我早就应该想到没人真的想要我。
练中回想——语法填空
①You ______ have revealed the truth to the public，or he couldn't have cheated so many people.
②I could ________(leave) a better impression in the interview，but I ignored something important.
③You ____ not have apologised to him，because it was not your fault.
should
have left
need
完美写作——完成句子
It tears me apart to think__________________________(我可能伤害了她的感情)．
I might have hurt her feelings
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎might have done sth.过去可能发生某事但实际没发生；过去某事可能发生了
◎could have done sth.本能够做某事而未做
◎should (not) have done sth.本(不)应该做某事
◎needn't have done sth.本不需要做某事
语料输入——必备素材
He might have let something slip in a moment of weakness so I should forgive him.他可能一时大意说漏了嘴，所以我应该原谅他。
11 [教材原句]Well，well，there's no need to cry so about it.好啦，好啦，没必要为这事儿哭成这样。
练中回想——语法填空
①There is no sense in _______(get) upset about it now.
②There is no doubt now ____ her marriage is beyond repair.
完美写作——完成句子
Everything is fine with me._________________________________(你不必牵挂)．
getting
that
There is no need for you to be concerned
练后归纳——搭配拓展
There is no doubt that...……毫无疑问。
There is no point/sense in doing sth.做某事毫无意义。
语料输入——必备素材
There is no need for parents to do everything for their children.父母没有必要为孩子做所有的事情。
三层固基达标训练
03
层级一
层级二
层级三
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．I am really _______(envy) of your good luck—it is a blessing to be offered help by a stranger when in trouble.
2．His daughter，who was opposed to the marriage，burst out ______
(cry) with her face buried in her hands.
envious
crying
3．You should ___________(sample) the goods before they were put onto the shelves.Look at the trouble we are in now.
4．The best thing to do would be to make an _______ (apologise) to her.
5．With thick clothes to keep warm，there was no need ____(be) afraid of cold.
have sampled
apology
to be
6．Since the ________(adopt) of the new working method，production has gone up.
7．The organisers of the campaign appealed to the crowd not _______
(panic)．
8．Everyone was quiet when Jenny suddenly burst out ______ (cry)．
adoption
to panic
crying
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．Wendy kept warning her son not to hang ___ at midnight with his so-called friends.
2．The official apologised ___ abusing power in the court，but he failed to get others' forgiveness.
out
for
3．The experts appealed __ school kids to have a healthy diet and keep away from junk food.
4．They looked ____ envy at her latest purchase in the office.
5．The whole class burst ____ laughter when they heard the joke.
to
with
into
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．The issues _____________ (attract) much attention of many scholars in the last few decades.
2．It was her teacher's _____________ (encourage) that led her into acting.
3．If you make this argument unreasonably，not a few people will ________(agree) with it.
have attracted
encouragement
disagree
4．The air temperature was well below freezing，and lakes and rivers _____(freeze) over.
5．At the beginning of each paragraph ___(be) two questions that provoke curiosity.
6．His work was exhibited in some _________ (gallery) in America，Europe and Asia.
froze
are
galleries
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．It was really depressing that he was heavily __ debt and didn't have the capability to pay it off.
2．In addition __ the killed and wounded，many were missing in the war.
3．We can conclude ____ the results that the experiment was a failure.
4．At present，the cause of the accident is _____ investigation.
5．Dozens of people have been injured and many vehicles set __ fire.
in
to
from
under
on
Ⅰ.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300，000 years ago. __
A．当红的 B．受喜爱的 C．普遍的
C
2．(2020·浙江卷)My heart froze in my chest as I saw the tractor heading towards the motorway. __
A．结冰 B．冻死 C．不动，停住
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ) I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different cities. __
A．链子 B．一连串 C．连锁商店(或旅馆)
C
C
Ⅱ.长难语句(分析句子的结构并将句子翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·全国乙卷)That is the very likely future of applying today's “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure (基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
化繁为简 本句为主从复合句。主句为That is the very likely future of applying today's “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure，其中apply sth.to doing sth.意为“____________________”。
[尝试翻译]很可能未来会用今天的“天眼”技术，全天候地确保全球数百万公里的铁轨和基础设施都是安全的。
把某事物运用到某事物
2．(2022·全国乙卷)It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance，including sending maintenance staff，often at night，to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure.
化繁为简 本句为主从复合句。主句为固定句型It is calculated that ...其中，___为形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。主语从句使用固定句型sb.spend(s)＋钱数＋on sth.。
[尝试翻译]据计算，仅欧洲铁路每年就花费约200亿欧元用于维护，包括派遣维护人员，经常在夜间检查和维修铁路基础设施。
It
三维提能培优训练
04
维度一
维度二
维度三
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
“Six Degrees of Separation” refers to the theory 1.____ any person can be connected to any other person through a chain of no more than five other people.The concept was first talked about in a book 2.______(call) Everything Is Different.In 1967，an American sociologist
that
called
tried using a new method，which he called the “small-world problem”，3.______(test) the theory.He chose a random sample of people and asked them to send packages to a stranger.Then sent the parcel onto a contact of 4.______(their)．It only took between five and seven people to get the parcels 5._________(deliver)．
to test
theirs
delivered
Two students in the United States invented a game，6._____ was to link any actor to Kevin Bacon.The game was popular across the United States.Columbia University 7.________(recreate) Milgram's experiment on the Internet，which was known 8.__ the “Columbia Small-world Project”．It involved 24，163 email chains with 18 target people in 13 different 9._________(country)．The results confirmed that the average number of links in the chain was six.
which
recreated
as
countries
The University of Milan analysed the relationship between 721 million social media users and found that 92 percent were connected by only four stages，or five degrees of 10.__________(separate)．
separation
Step 1.要点提示(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)
①当马修带着小女孩到来的时候，玛丽拉惊呆了，因为斯宾塞太太答应她要送来一个男孩。
When Matthew arrived with the little girl，Marilla ________________ because Mrs Spencer promised she would send a boy.
froze in amazement
②当安妮明白他们谈话的意思时，她泪流满面。
When Anne grasped the meaning of their conversation，she ______________．
③玛丽拉不知道如何安慰她。
Marilla _________ how to comfort her.
burst into tears
had no idea
④当玛丽拉试着安慰她时，女孩露出一张泪痕斑斑的脸，并告诉玛丽拉她彻底绝望了。
When Marilla tried to comfort her，the girl revealed a tear-stained face and told her she was ____________________．
⑤玛丽拉让安妮留下过夜，她会调查这件事。
Marilla asked Anne to stay for the night and she would ______________
______．
in the depths of despair
investigate the
affair
⑥她把安妮带到了一间小卧室后，安妮脱掉衣服，钻进了被褥里。
After she brought Anne to a little bedroom，Anne undressed and _____________ the bedclothes.
⑦玛丽拉说她会回来拿蜡烛，因为她不敢把它留给孩子熄灭。
Marilla said she would return for the candle as she dared not leave it for the child ________．
dived down into
to put out
⑧玛丽拉回来对安妮说声“晚安”后，这个孤独、闷闷不乐、没有朋友的孩子哭着睡着了。
After Marilla returned，she said “Good night” to Anne，the lonely，heart-hungry，friendless child ___________________．
cried herself to sleep
Step 2.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
When Matthew arrived with the little girl，Marilla froze in amazement because Mrs Spencer promised she would send a boy.When Anne grasped the meaning of their conversation，she burst into tears.However，Marilla had no idea how to comfort her.When Marilla
tried to comfort her，the girl \revealed a tear-stained face and told her she was in the depths of despair.Marilla asked Anne to stay for the night and she would investigate the affair.Later after she brought Anne to a little bedroom，Anne undressed and dived down into the bedclothes.Marilla said she would return for the candle as she dared not leave it for the child to put out.After Marilla returned，she said “Good night” to Anne，the lonely，heart-hungry，friendless child cried herself to sleep.
Step 1.储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
情感描写
envy vt.羡慕
amazement n.惊奇，诧异
tear-stained adj.泪水沾湿的，有泪痕的
sorrow n.悲伤
动作描写 环境描写
hang out 闲待
apologise vi.道歉，认错
freeze v.(使)结冰；冻僵；停住不动
clasp vt.握紧，抱紧burst into突然……起来(尤指唱歌、哭、笑等)
sigh v.叹气
shiver vi.战栗，发抖
dive vi.跳水，潜水frown vi.皱眉；不同意
appeal v.呼吁，恳请 clinic n.诊所
gallery n.画廊，走廊
grocery n.食品杂货(店)
stadium n.体育场，运动场
bakery n.面包店
canteen n.食堂；餐厅
outskirts n.郊外；市郊
Step 2.尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段)
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡衔接词完成以下语段。
事件发生在一个体育场，那里有一个游泳池。琳达站在泳池边，一想到要潜入水的深处，她就浑身发抖。教练皱起了眉头，频繁敦促她行动。她紧抱着泳池边的一根柱子，突然哭了起来，恳求教练不要催她。看到她流泪的脸，教练叹了口气，把她踢进了水里。令他吃惊的是，琳达的四肢一点都不动。他僵住了一会儿，跳进了水里。他把琳达抱在怀里，出了游泳池，冲到了最近的诊所。
The incident happened in a stadium in which there is a swimming pool.Linda stood at the edge of the pool，shivering at the thought of diving into the depths of water.The coach frowned，urging her frequently to act.She clasped a pillar beside the pool and burst into tears，appealing to the coach not to rush her.Seeing her tear-stained face，the coach sighed and kicked her into the water.To his amazement，Linda didn't move her limbs at all.He froze for a moment，and jumped into the water.Holding Linda in his arms，he came out of the pool and rushed to the nearest clinic.续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀
1.(行为描写)(2022·南京市模拟)She refused to leave and sat silently，staring at me angrily from the back of the room.2.(心理描写)(2022·邵阳市模拟)I was like a pond in which someone had thrown a stone and it had been spilled up.3.(人物描写)(2022·沈阳市模拟)Dark haired，with a youthful face and thick eyebrows，he had never travelled beyond the United States and his native Mexico. (2022·广州市综合测试)Then，one day in October，I was really pleased with what I had written，so pleased that I wanted to share.I remember my heart pounding in my chest as I raised my hand to read，and those urgent little voices in my mind listing all the reasons why it wasn't a good idea：They won't understand you.
核心单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.conflict n．抵触，冲突，矛盾2.intervention n．干涉，干预3.envy vt.羡慕，妒忌4.release vt.&n.发表，发布；释放5.reveal vt.揭示，揭露；展现，显露6.impression n．印象，感想7.random adj.随机的，随意的8.bimonthly adj.两月一次的；一月两次的9.adopt vi.&vt.收养，领养；采取某种方法、政策、态度10.proceed vi.继续进行，继续做11.appeal vi.有吸引力 vi.&vt.呼吁，恳请；上诉12.interrupt vi.&vt.打断(某人的)讲话，中断(某人的)行动，打扰13.forgiveness n．原谅，宽恕 1.He envied (envy)her—she seemed to have everything she could possibly want.2.After being questioned by the police，she was released (release) without charge.3.He laughed loudly，revealing (reveal) a line of white teeth.4.The birth of her son was a minor interruption (interrupt) to her career.5.The winning numbers are randomly (random) selected by computer.6.It was an incredible display of motherly love and forgiveness (forgive).7.This sort of life is not calculated to appeal to a young man of 20.
派生单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.agree vt.&vi.同意，赞同；一致；符合→disagree vt.&vi.不同意，不赞同；不一致；不符合→agreement n．一致；同意；协议→disagreement n．意见不合，分歧，争论2.encourage vt.鼓励，鼓舞→encouraging adj.令人鼓舞的，振奋人心的→encouragement n．鼓励，鼓舞；起激励作用的事物3.apology n．道歉，谢罪→apologise vi.道歉，谢罪4.add vi.&vt.增加；增添→addition n．增加，增添；附属物→additional adj.附加的，额外的→additionally adv.除此之外，此外5.frequent adj.经常的；频繁的→frequently adv.经常地；频繁地→frequency n．频率；频繁6.consequence n．后果→consequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的→consequently adv.因此，所以7.disturb vt.干扰，打扰，使中断→disturbance n．干扰；扰乱→disturbing adj.令人不安的8.investigate vi.&vt.查明，调查，侦查→investigation n．调查9.legal adj.法律的；法律允许的，合法的→illegal adj.不合法的10.sorrow n．悲伤，悲痛；不幸→sorrowful adj.痛苦的 1.It is agreed that what he said is not in agreement with what he did.So we don't trust him any more.(agree)2.Thanks to your encouragement，I made continuous and encouraging progress in English，and finally decided to major in it in university.(encourage)3.He apologised for having kept us waiting for an hour，so we all forgave him for his sincere apology．(apologise)4.I hear the case is under investigation，but I don't know who is investigating it.(investigate)5.In addition，he expressed his satisfaction with the talks，adding that he had enjoyed his stay here.(add)6.It's illegal (legal) to read people's private letters without permission.7.You have to bear the consequence of your action.Consequently，look before you leap.(consequent)8.The frequency of Kara's phone calls increased rapidly.She frequently answered the phone in the office，which made others upset.(frequent)
高频短语 语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
1.hang out 闲待；厮混2.call on号召3.refer to 指的是4.be connected to 有关联；连接到5.be based on 以……为基础6.no more than 仅仅7.in amazement 惊奇地8.burst into 突然……起来9.bury one's face in arms胳膊掩面10.due to 由于11.pick up(用车)接；捡起；(偶然)学会 1.Try to figure out what kind of people you want to hang out with.2.This button can be based on customer requirements，using different materials to package.3.The company employs no more than a couple of dozen people.4.She read the letter and promptly burst into tears.5.He picked up the case and walked towards the exit.
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
1.once＋过去分词作状语...and once released，the results were published in the bimonthly magazine Psychology Today. 一旦你被那家公司雇用，你将得到很高的薪水。Once hired by that company，you will get a high salary.
2.情态动词＋have doneI might have expected it.I might have known it was all too beautiful to last.I might have known nobody really did want me. 要不是邻居介入，她可能会没命了。She might have been killed if the neighbours hadn't intervened.
3.there is no need to do sth....Well，well，there's no need to cry so about it. 你明天不必早起。There is no need for you to get up early tomorrow.
4.with复合结构Midway between table and bed was the window，with an icy white curtain over it. 她含着眼泪说了声再见。She said goodbye with tears in her eyes.
1 conflict [课本义]n.抵触，冲突，矛盾[增补义]n.斗争；争执v.冲突；抵触
①The supply has been in conflict with the demand since last year.
②Having disagreements with your parents does not necessarily mean you must come into conflict with them.
For another，fashion is an essential part of our life，which doesn't conflict with/isn't in conflict with our studies(它与我们的学业并不冲突)．
◎come into conflict with和……冲突(动作)
(be) in conflict (with)(和……)冲突(状态)
◎conflict with与……发生冲突
often come into conflict with her mother in law经常与婆婆发生争执
found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career发现自己在将来择业的问题上与父母存在着分歧
2 envy [课本义]vt.羡慕，妒忌[增补义]n.庆幸(不必做别人非做不可的事)；羡慕，妒忌
①He was sure that other drivers looked at him with envy.
②He saw the envious (envy) look in the other boy's eyes.
①This region has increasingly become the envy of the rest of the world(世界其他地区羡慕的对象)．
②Quite a few schoolmates envied(不少同学嫉妒)and admired her for her good looks and intelligence.
◎envy sb.sth.羡慕某人某事
envy sb.doing sth.羡慕某人做某事
◎out of envy出于嫉妒
with envy羡慕地
be the envy of...成为……嫉妒/羡慕的对象
◎envious adj.羡慕的；嫉妒的
be envious of...羡慕……
enviable令人羡慕的；引起嫉妒的
envy him his good looks羡慕他的英俊面容
look with envy at her dress艳羡地看着她的裙子
3 apologise vi.道歉，谢罪
①I came to you，hat in hand，to apologise for the damage I had indirectly caused and to ask you to reconsider my lifetime ban from the hotel.
②I apologised to my neighbors for disturbing them by redecorating the room.
③I have to make an apology(apologise) to you for taking your parcel home by mistake.
我认为你应该因为你的过错向老师道歉。
①I think you should apologise to your teacher for your error.(apologise)
②I think you should make an apology to your teacher for your error.(apology),
◎apologise to sb.for (doing) sth.为(做)某事而向某人道歉
◎apology n．[C]&[U]道歉；歉意
accept/refuse sb.'s apology接受/拒绝某人的道歉
owe sb.an apology＝owe an apology to sb.应该向某人表示歉意
make an apology to sb.(for...)(为……)向某人道歉
apologise to your sister向你姐姐道歉
apologise for the late arrival of the train为火车误点表示歉意
4 consequence n．后果；重要性
①I wonder if parents should always tell the truth no matter what the consequences(consequent) are.
②Scientists spent years in researching the technology.Consequently (consequent)，Dolly the sheep was cloned.
③As a consequence of her teacher's frequent encouragement，she worked hard and made great progress.
(普通表达)All flights have been delayed as a result of the heavy fog.
①(高级表达)All flights have been delayed as a consequence of the heavy fog.
②(高级表达)All flights have been delayed in consequence of the heavy fog.
◎as a consequence＝in consequence结果，因此
as a consequence of＝in consequence of由于；因为……的缘故
be of no consequence (to sb.)(对某人)无关紧要
◎consequent adj.随之发生的；必然的
consequently adv.因此；结果
answer for the consequences对后果负责
take/suffer/bear the consequences承担后果
the consequent environmental problems also increasingly become the focus随之而来的环境问题也日益成为人们关注的焦点
5 adopt [课本义]vi.&vt.收养，领养；采取某种方法、政策、态度[增补义]v.正式通过，表决采纳
①Mr Ken adopted the orphan as his own son.
②We are talking about the adoption(adopt) of a new plan for the picnic.
③This couple treats their adopted(adopt) child as their own.
He was left an orphan and a kind woman adopted him as her son(收养他为儿子)．
◎adopt an idea/a plan采纳意见/计划
adopt sb.as...收养某人为……
◎adoption n．采纳，采用，过继
adopted adj.收养的，领养的；外来的
adopt a resolution通过一项决议
adopt different approaches to the problem采用不同的方法处理这个问题
6 appeal [课本义]vi.有吸引力vi.& vt.呼吁，恳请；上诉[增补义]n.呼吁；吸引力；上诉
①In addition，most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience.
②The smell from the canteen was so appealing(appeal) that my stomach was growling.
At the end of my speech，I appeal to everyone to do your own part(我呼吁每个人尽自己的一份力) to protect our schoolyard.
◎appeal to sb.for/to do...向某人呼吁……/恳求某人做……
appeal to sb.吸引某人；投某人所好
◎make an appeal to sb.for sth./to do sth.为某事向某人呼吁/恳求某人做某事
◎appealing adj.吸引人的；恳求的
appeal to all classes of society吸引社会各阶层人士
appeal to a wide audience吸引了大批的听/观众
7 hang out 闲待，厮混；晾晒(洗好的衣物)
①Hang on to the branch，until I bring the ladder.
②The local kids often hang out at the mall.
There's also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other friends (和其他朋友一起玩)during the summer.
hang on紧紧抓住；稍等
hang on to sth.紧紧抓住某物
hang up挂断电话
hang around闲逛
hang out with their friends和朋友一起出去玩
hang out your washing把洗好的衣服晾出去
8 burst into 闯入；突然发作；突然……起来
①The aircraft crashed and burst into flames.
②He burst in on the meeting.
③Rubin burst out laughing(laugh) as he read the letter.
看到同学们因为她的愚蠢错误哄堂大笑，她突然哭了起来。
①Seeing her classmates burst out laughing because of her foolish mistakes，she burst out crying．(burst out)
②Seeing her classmates burst into laughter because of her foolish mistakes，she burst into tears．(burst into)
◎burst in/into突然闯进；破门而入
burst out crying(＝burst into tears)突然哭起来
burst out laughing(＝burst into laughter)突然笑起来
burst with anger勃然大怒
◎a burst of...一阵……
burst into tears and ran from the kitchen突然哭起来，跑出了厨房
the crowd burst into prolonged cheering人群中爆发出长时间的欢呼声
put on a burst of speed突然加速了
9 pick up 开车接送某人；搭载乘客；捡起；(偶然)得到，听到，学会；好转；加速；接电话；搭救；廉价买到
①The hotel business always picks up in summer.
②Mike is so tall that he is easy to pick out．
③Never pick on anybody who isn't your own size，son.
If you go to England you'll soon pick up English(学会英语)．
pick out挑出，辨别出
pick on故意刁难，挑剔
pick up sea shells at the seashore在海边捡贝壳
pick up speed加速
pick up bad habits染上坏习惯
pick me out in this photo把我从这张照片上认出来
10 [教材原句]I might have expected it.I might have known it was all too beautiful to last.I might have known nobody really did want me.我早就应该料到。我早就应该知道这件事太美好，无法持久。我早就应该想到没人真的想要我。
①You should have revealed the truth to the public，or he couldn't have cheated so many people.
②I could have left(leave) a better impression in the interview，but I ignored something important.
③You need not have apologised to him，because it was not your fault.
It tears me apart to think I might have hurt her feelings(我可能伤害了她的感情)．
◎might have done sth.过去可能发生某事但实际没发生；过去某事可能发生了
◎could have done sth.本能够做某事而未做
◎should (not) have done sth.本(不)应该做某事
◎needn't have done sth.本不需要做某事
He might have let something slip in a moment of weakness so I should forgive him.他可能一时大意说漏了嘴，所以我应该原谅他。
11 [教材原句]Well，well，there's no need to cry so about it.好啦，好啦，没必要为这事儿哭成这样。
①There is no sense in getting(get) upset about it now.
②There is no doubt now that her marriage is beyond repair.
Everything is fine with me.There is no need for you to be concerned(你不必牵挂)．
There is no doubt that...……毫无疑问。
There is no point/sense in doing sth.做某事毫无意义。
There is no need for parents to do everything for their children.父母没有必要为孩子做所有的事情。
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．I am really envious(envy) of your good luck—it is a blessing to be offered help by a stranger when in trouble.
2．His daughter，who was opposed to the marriage，burst out crying(cry) with her face buried in her hands.
3．You should have sampled(sample) the goods before they were put onto the shelves.Look at the trouble we are in now.
4．The best thing to do would be to make an apology (apologise) to her.
5．With thick clothes to keep warm，there was no need to be(be) afraid of cold.
6．Since the adoption(adopt) of the new working method，production has gone up.
7．The organisers of the campaign appealed to the crowd not to panic(panic)．
8．Everyone was quiet when Jenny suddenly burst out crying (cry)．
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．Wendy kept warning her son not to hang out at midnight with his so called friends.
2．The official apologised for abusing power in the court，but he failed to get others' forgiveness.
3．The experts appealed to school kids to have a healthy diet and keep away from junk food.
4．They looked with envy at her latest purchase in the office.
5．The whole class burst into laughter when they heard the joke.
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．The issues have attracted (attract) much attention of many scholars in the last few decades.
2．It was her teacher's encouragement (encourage) that led her into acting.
3．If you make this argument unreasonably，not a few people will disagree(agree) with it.
4．The air temperature was well below freezing，and lakes and rivers froze(freeze) over.
5．At the beginning of each paragraph are(be) two questions that provoke curiosity.
6．His work was exhibited in some galleries (gallery) in America，Europe and Asia.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．It was really depressing that he was heavily in debt and didn't have the capability to pay it off.
2．In addition to the killed and wounded，many were missing in the war.
3．We can conclude from the results that the experiment was a failure.
4．At present，the cause of the accident is under investigation.
5．Dozens of people have been injured and many vehicles set on fire.
Ⅰ.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300，000 years ago. C
A．当红的 B．受喜爱的 C．普遍的
2．(2020·浙江卷)My heart froze in my chest as I saw the tractor heading towards the motorway. C
A．结冰 B．冻死 C．不动，停住
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ) I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different cities. C
A．链子 B．一连串 C．连锁商店(或旅馆)
Ⅱ.长难语句(分析句子的结构并将句子翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·全国乙卷)That is the very likely future of applying today's “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure (基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
本句为主从复合句。主句为That is the very likely future of applying today's “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure，其中apply sth.to doing sth.意为“把某事物运用到某事物”。
[尝试翻译]很可能未来会用今天的“天眼”技术，全天候地确保全球数百万公里的铁轨和基础设施都是安全的。
2．(2022·全国乙卷)It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance，including sending maintenance staff，often at night，to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure.
本句为主从复合句。主句为固定句型It is calculated that ...其中，It为形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。主语从句使用固定句型sb.spend(s)＋钱数＋on sth.。
[尝试翻译]据计算，仅欧洲铁路每年就花费约200亿欧元用于维护，包括派遣维护人员，经常在夜间检查和维修铁路基础设施。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
“Six Degrees of Separation” refers to the theory 1.that any person can be connected to any other person through a chain of no more than five other people.The concept was first talked about in a book 2.called(call) Everything Is Different.In 1967，an American sociologist tried using a new method，which he called the “small world problem”，3.to test(test) the theory.He chose a random sample of people and asked them to send packages to a stranger.Then sent the parcel onto a contact of 4.theirs(their)．It only took between five and seven people to get the parcels 5.delivered(deliver)．
Two students in the United States invented a game，6.which was to link any actor to Kevin Bacon.The game was popular across the United States.Columbia University 7.recreated(recreate) Milgram's experiment on the Internet，which was known 8.as the “Columbia Small world Project”．It involved 24，163 email chains with 18 target people in 13 different 9.countries(country)．The results confirmed that the average number of links in the chain was six.
The University of Milan analysed the relationship between 721 million social media users and found that 92 percent were connected by only four stages，or five degrees of 10.separation(separate)．
Step 1.要点提示(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)
①当马修带着小女孩到来的时候，玛丽拉惊呆了，因为斯宾塞太太答应她要送来一个男孩。
When Matthew arrived with the little girl，Marilla froze in amazement because Mrs Spencer promised she would send a boy.
②当安妮明白他们谈话的意思时，她泪流满面。
When Anne grasped the meaning of their conversation，she burst into tears．
③玛丽拉不知道如何安慰她。
Marilla had no idea how to comfort her.
④当玛丽拉试着安慰她时，女孩露出一张泪痕斑斑的脸，并告诉玛丽拉她彻底绝望了。
When Marilla tried to comfort her，the girl revealed a tear stained face and told her she was in the depths of despair．
⑤玛丽拉让安妮留下过夜，她会调查这件事。
Marilla asked Anne to stay for the night and she would investigate the affair．
⑥她把安妮带到了一间小卧室后，安妮脱掉衣服，钻进了被褥里。
After she brought Anne to a little bedroom，Anne undressed and dived down into the bedclothes.
⑦玛丽拉说她会回来拿蜡烛，因为她不敢把它留给孩子熄灭。
Marilla said she would return for the candle as she dared not leave it for the child to put out．
⑧玛丽拉回来对安妮说声“晚安”后，这个孤独、闷闷不乐、没有朋友的孩子哭着睡着了。
After Marilla returned，she said “Good night” to Anne，the lonely，heart hungry，friendless child cried herself to sleep．
Step 2.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
When Matthew arrived with the little girl，Marilla froze in amazement because Mrs Spencer promised she would send a boy.When Anne grasped the meaning of their conversation，she burst into tears.However，Marilla had no idea how to comfort her.When Marilla tried to comfort her，the girl revealed a tear stained face and told her she was in the depths of despair.Marilla asked Anne to stay for the night and she would investigate the affair.Later after she brought Anne to a little bedroom，Anne undressed and dived down into the bedclothes.Marilla said she would return for the candle as she dared not leave it for the child to put out.After Marilla returned，she said “Good night” to Anne，the lonely，heart hungry，friendless child cried herself to sleep.
Step 1.储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
情感描写 动作描写 环境描写
envy vt.羡慕amazement n.惊奇，诧异tear stained adj.泪水沾湿的，有泪痕的sorrow n．悲伤 hang out 闲待apologise vi.道歉，认错freeze v．(使)结冰；冻僵；停住不动clasp vt.握紧，抱紧burst into突然……起来(尤指唱歌、哭、笑等)sigh v．叹气shiver vi.战栗，发抖dive vi.跳水，潜水frown vi.皱眉；不同意appeal v．呼吁，恳请 clinic n．诊所gallery n．画廊，走廊grocery n．食品杂货(店)stadium n．体育场，运动场bakery n．面包店canteen n．食堂；餐厅outskirts n．郊外；市郊
Step 2.尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段)
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡衔接词完成以下语段。
事件发生在一个体育场，那里有一个游泳池。琳达站在泳池边，一想到要潜入水的深处，她就浑身发抖。教练皱起了眉头，频繁敦促她行动。她紧抱着泳池边的一根柱子，突然哭了起来，恳求教练不要催她。看到她流泪的脸，教练叹了口气，把她踢进了水里。令他吃惊的是，琳达的四肢一点都不动。他僵住了一会儿，跳进了水里。他把琳达抱在怀里，出了游泳池，冲到了最近的诊所。
The incident happened in a stadium in which there is a swimming pool.Linda stood at the edge of the pool，shivering at the thought of diving into the depths of water.The coach frowned，urging her frequently to act.She clasped a pillar beside the pool and burst into tears，appealing to the coach not to rush her.Seeing her tear stained face，the coach sighed and kicked her into the water.To his amazement，Linda didn't move her limbs at all.He froze for a moment，and jumped into the water.Holding Linda in his arms，he came out of the pool and rushed to the nearest clinic.(共95张PPT)
教材知识讲练
选择性必修第四册
UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE
1.(行为描写)(2022·武汉市调研考试)My little brother Toby immediately sped up and rushed to where Rubby was.
2.(心理描写)(2022·启东、通州市联考)My heart was pounding but I tried to put on a brave face.
3.(环境描写)(2022·南京市调研)Last Sunday，there was no dirt in the air，only bright spring sunshine and a clear blue sky.
续写语料积累 背诵·句之美
(2022·广州市三校联考)Walking across campus with every pair of eyes on you can be embarrassing，especially when you're 13 years old.I looked around me in desperate search of a friendly face，a smile，anything.I was quite disappointed，to say the least.
续写语料积累 欣赏·语之秀
语基自查自测·巩固验收
01
1._________ vi.&vt.谈判，协商
2.___ vt.禁止，取缔 n.禁令，禁止
3.______ vt.发现，察觉(尤指不易觉察到的事物)
4.____ vi.&vt.逃离，逃走
5._________ adj.暂时的，临时的；短期的
6._______ n.&vt.请求，要求
7.__________n.决定；解决
核心单词
negotiate
ban
detect
flee
temporary
request
resolution
8._____ vt.&vi.停止，终止，结束
9.____ vi.&vt.哭泣，流(泪)
10._________ n.离开，起程
11.__________ adj.有偏见的，有成见的，歧视的
12._________ adj.理想的，值得拥有的；值得做的
13.________ vt.作出结论，推断出
14.______ vt.&vi.(使)担心，(使)生气，(使)苦恼
15._____ n.惊恐，惶恐，惊慌
核心单词
cease
weep
departure
prejudiced
desirable
conclude
bother
panic
1.The rent is a matter for ___________(negotiate) between the landlord and the tenant.
2.Most skin cancers are completely curable if ________ (detect) in the early stages.
3.The government is pressing for an early __________(resolute)of the dispute.
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
negotiation
detected
resolution
4.The guests watched as she ____ (flee) from the room.
5.When she went outside she was ___________(temporary) blinded by the sun.
6.I've come to the __________(conclude) that he's not the right person for the job.
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
fled
temporarily
conclusion
7.We all know how difficult it is to reason with a __________ (prejudice) person.
8.He ____ (weep) for the loss of his mother and his late recognition of her affection.
9.He ________(panic)and ran as fast as he could to the classroom.
10.The book opens with an explanation of why some drugs are ______(ban).
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
prejudiced
wept
panicked
banned
1.inquire vi.&vt.询问，打听→_______ n.询问，调查→________ n.询问者，调查者
2.assign vt.分配，分派，指派 (任务)→__________ n.任务；分配
3.warn vt.警告，告诫→_______ n.警告，警示；告诫
4.tolerate vt.忍受；忍耐；容忍，容许；宽容→________ adj.忍受的；容忍的；宽容的→_________ n.容忍，忍受
派生单词
inquiry
inquirer
assignment
warning
tolerant
tolerance
5.invest vi.&vt.投资→__________ n.投资→________ n.投资者
6.distribute vt.分发，分配，分送→___________ n.经销商；分销商→____________ n.分发，分配
7.mature adj.成熟的→________ n.成熟→________adj.不成熟的
8.complain v.抱怨；投诉→_________n.投诉
9.withdraw vi.& vt.(使)退出(活动、组织等)；提，取→__________ n.撤回；收回；退出
派生单词
investment
investor
distributor
distribution
maturity
immature
complaint
withdrawal
1.Our teacher has ________ each of us a different task and you can download your __________ from the Internet.(assign)
2.These ____________ had sent the goods to the area and the group organized the ____________ and they ___________ the goods among the people.(distribute)
3.He has a very ________ attitude towards his daughter，but he has no _________ for his son.(tolerate)
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
assigned
assignment
distributors
distribution
distributed
tolerant
tolerance
4.To _______ about the matter，the government agreed to set up a committee of _______．(inquire)
5.No one ______ us of the trouble ahead and we didn't notice the _______ signs，either.Otherwise，none of this would have happened.
(warn)
6.They are unwilling ________ any more money in the project，because they think their __________ won't pay off.(invest)
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
inquire
inquiry
warned
warning
to invest
investment
1.be annoyed with 被……惹恼；对……感到厌烦
2.intend to do sth. 打算做某事
3.hold out 坚持
4.in trouble 有麻烦，处于困境中
5.deal with 处理，应对
6.respond to... 对……作出回应
7.put forward 提出(主意、计划等)
高频短语
8.come across 偶然遇到
9.feel down 感到沮丧；情绪消沉
10.take action 采取行动
11.be prejudiced against... 对……有偏见
12.get rid of 摆脱
13.in a flash 转瞬，一瞬间
14.without doubt 毫无疑问
15.be fed up with 厌烦
高频短语
1.When _________，we should look to the future，which will give enough hope and confidence to move forward.
2.In your letter，you said you suffered from depression because of the heavy study load and didn't know how to ________ it.
3.He ___________ doing the same thing day in，day out.
4.________，I found myself floating in the sky，seemingly not moving，
with a wonderful feeling.
语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
in trouble
get rid of
is fed up with
In a flash
5._____________ he is the most hard-working student in the class.
6.Something new has just come up and I must go and ________ it immediately.
7.We must __________ to deal with the problem before it spreads to other areas.
语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
Without doubt
deal with
take action
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
1.being＋adj.作状语
Being single，Ma Ming often held parties at night，but the biggest problem was his tendency to drum late at night. 孤独而悲伤，他躺在春日的星空下思念着家乡的亲人。
__________________，he lay under the starry sky in spring thinking of his family in his hometown.
Being lonely and sad
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
2.be doing...when...正在做……突然……
He and his family were eating breakfast when the American soldiers entered the village and ordered all civilians out of their homes. 我正在电影院看电影，这时我的手机响了。
___________________________________ my phone rang.
I was seeing the film in the
cinema when
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
3.have＋n.＋过去分词
It was this patient's second visit to us and this time he'd had both his legs blown off—he was all-of-about 20 years old. 昨天在超市我的钱包被偷了。
I _________________ in the supermarket yesterday.
had my wallet stolen
考点探究归纳·多维讲练
02
词法探究
句法探究
1 annoy [课本义]vt.使恼怒，使生气[增补义]vt.打扰，骚扰
练中回想——语法填空
①She was annoyed __ your saying that.
②Their interruption is very ________(annoy)．
③The mosquitoes _______(annoy) me so much that I couldn't sleep.
④The problems were an _________(annoy)，but we managed to cope.
at
annoying
annoyed
annoyance
完美写作——完成句子
I bet _______________ (她感到恼火) having to write it out again.
she was annoyed at
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎annoy at...讨厌……
be annoyed that/to do sth.因(做)某事而生气
◎annoyance n.烦恼，烦恼的事物
annoyed adj.颇为生气的，烦恼的
annoying adj.使人颇为生气或烦恼的
语料输入——必备素材
find his attitude very annoying觉得他的态度很恶劣
was annoyed at having to wait so long为不得不等这么长时间而感到很恼火
2 departure [课本义]n.离开，起程[增补义]n.(在特定时间)离开的飞机(或火车等)；背离，违反
练中回想——语法填空
①Things had got worse and worse since his _________(depart) from head office.
②The next departure ___ New York will be at 11：00.
③Our flight departs ____ Shanghai Airport at 2 o'clock.
departure
for
from
完美写作——完成句子
________________________________ (我离开日本的日子)was drawing nearer every day.
The time for my departure from Japan
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎departure from...从……离开
departure for...前往……
◎depart vi.离开，离去；起程
depart for...起程去……
depart from离开；背离，违背
语料输入——必备素材
his departure from the post of manager他辞去了经理一职
be ready for departure 准备出发
3 tolerate vt.忍受；忍耐；容忍，容许；宽容
练中回想——语法填空
①An excellent teacher won't tolerate ___________ (cheat) in the examinations.
②Understanding，love and _________ (tolerate) are the first three essentials that come to an authentic friendship.
cheating
tolerance
完美写作——完成句子
When he went abroad，he found ________________________________
(新的环境令人很难忍受)．
the new surroundings hard to tolerate
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎tolerate (sb.) doing sth.容忍/忍受(某人)做某事
◎tolerance n.宽容；容忍；忍受
tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的
tolerable adj.可容忍的
语料输入——必备素材
the heat was barely tolerable天气炎热得令人几乎不能忍受
have no tolerance for jokes of any kind容不得开任何玩笑
4 bother [课本义]vt.&vi.(使)担心，(使)生气，(使)苦恼[增补义]vt.打扰，烦扰n.不便；烦心的人或事
练中回想——语法填空
①Don't bother _____________(get) dinner for me.
②He is never bothered _____ his children.
③___ bothers me to tell people what the movie is about because I feel so ridiculous.
完美写作——完成句子
____________ (它令我坐立不安)to think of her alone in that big house.
to get/getting
about
It
It bothers me
练后归纳——搭配拓展
bother sb.with sth.为某事烦扰某人
bother to do sth./doing sth.费心做某事
It bothers sb.to do sth.做某事让某人不安。
be bothered about sb./sth.关心某人/某事
语料输入——必备素材
bother her with my problems让她为我的事操心
not be bothered about what he thinks不在乎他怎么想
5 panic [课本义]n.惊恐，惶恐，惊慌[增补义]vi.&vt.(使)惊慌
练中回想——语法填空
①He got into__panic when he realised that he couldn't meet the deadline.
②He ________ (panic) over the unexpected danger at that time.
完美写作——完成句子
________________________________ (感到恐慌是没有意义的) about the exam.It's not as difficult as you imagine.
a
panicked
There is no point getting into a panic
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎in panic惊慌失措地
get into a panic 陷入恐慌
◎panic sb.into doing sth.使某人惊慌地做某事
语料输入——必备素材
the crowd in panic fled in all directions仓皇的人群向四面八方逃去
a wave of panic spread through the crowd一阵恐慌传遍人群
6 distribute vt.分发，分配，分送
练中回想——语法填空
①At present，the world has about 6，800 languages.The ____________
(distribute) of these languages is hugely uneven.
②Don't bother to distribute the books __ us—we will take them ourselves.
完美写作——完成句子
I told those international students that ____________________________
___________ (茶广泛分布在全国各地)．
distribution
to
tea is widely distributed all over
the country
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎distribute...to...
把……分给……
distribute...among...在……中分发……
◎distribution n.分配，分发；分布状态
语料输入——必备素材
distribute food to the earthquake victims向地震灾民分发食品
distribute the topping evenly over the fruit将配料均匀地撒在水果上
7 ban vt.禁止，取缔n.禁令，禁止
练中回想——语法填空
①She's been banned from _______(leave) Greece while the allegations are investigated.
②The president supports a total ban __ cigarette advertising.
leaving
on
完美写作——词汇升级
(普通表达)We are not permitted to drive after drinking alcohol.
(高级表达)We ____________________ after drinking alcohol.
are banned from driving
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎ban sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事
◎announce a ban on...宣布对……的禁令
put a ban on...宣布禁止……
语料输入——必备素材
impose a ban颁布一项禁令
lift a ban解除一项禁令
be banned from the meeting被取消出席会议的资格
8 desirable adj.理想的，值得拥有的；值得做的
练中回想——语法填空
①She had a strong desire ____(be) a dancer but failed to make the grade.
②She chatted for a few minutes about the qualities she considered _________(desire) in a secretary.
③I owned a bookshop and desired ________(expand) the business.
to be
desirable
to expand
完美写作——完成句子
In order to achieve goals，you must _________________ (有强烈意愿) to do so.
have a strong desire
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎desire vt.&n.渴望；欲望；要求
desire (sb.) to do sth.要求(某人)做某事
desire that...渴望……(从句谓语用should do形式，should可以省略)
语料输入——必备素材
◎have a strong desire to do sth.
迫切想做某事
have a strong desire for sth.
迫切渴望得到某物
9 request n.& vt.请求，要求
练中回想——语法填空
①Our teacher made _ request that we (should) be well prepared for the exam.
②___ your request，I am writing to tell you some ways to learn Chinese well.
③The boy was requested _______ (study) hard.
a
At
to study
完美写作——完成句子
______________ (据要求)that all the students (should) attend the annual school celebration.
It is requested
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎make a request for请求；要求
at one's request应某人的要求
◎request sb.to do sth.请求/要求某人做某事
request that...(should) do sth.要求……(应该)做某事
It is requested that...(should) do sth.据要求……(应该)做某事
语料输入——必备素材
make a formal request for official services为正式的服务作正式的请求
10 in trouble 有麻烦，处于困境中；碰到困难
练中回想——语法填空
①If you get ____ trouble，you can depend on your best friend to help you.
②However，I have some trouble __________(collect) the relevant materials and using the language.
③The doctor said that delaying this type of operation was just asking ___ trouble.
into
collecting
for
完美写作——完成句子
In my opinion，_____________ (当遇到麻烦时)，we should seek help from those we trust most.
when in trouble
语料输入——必备素材
cause him to get into trouble 为他惹来了麻烦
don't ask for trouble by worrying about exams别为考试担心而自寻烦恼了
11 put forward 提议，提出(主意、计划等)；推举，提名；提前，把(钟表等)向前拨
练中回想——语法填空
①The exam results will be put __ on Monday morning.
②Your own personal robot will put ____ books that you have left on the floor or bed.
③Can I put you/your name _______ for club secretary
up
away
forward
完美写作——完成句子
The students ____________________________ (提出了一系列问题) about how to learn English well in class.
put forward a series of questions
练后归纳——搭配拓展
put aside把……搁在一边，忽视
put away把……收拾好/放好，储存
put back放回原处；把……向后拨
put off推迟，延期
put on穿/戴上；增加；上演(戏剧等)
put out扑灭；出版；生产
put up张贴；举起；搭建；供给膳宿
put sb./sth.forward推荐某人/某物
语料输入——必备素材
put aside our differences 抛开分歧
put forward a solution提出一项解决办法
12 [教材原句]It was this patient's second visit to us and this time he'd had both his legs blown off—he was all-of-about 20 years old.这是这个病人第二次来到我们这里，而这次他的双腿都被炸没了——他也就才二十来岁。
练中回想——语法填空
①Don't worry，for I will have the car _______(wait) outside.
②I had Mary _____ (clean) the classroom this morning.
③I have nothing _______(offer) but blood，toil，tears and sweat.
④We had the machine______ (mend)just now and we can work now.
waiting
clean
to offer
mended
完美写作——完成句子
My friend Rose _________________ (将她的腕部摔骨折了)while climbing the mountain.
had her wrist broken
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎have...done遭遇某事；让别人做某事；使某件事被做
◎have sb./sth.doing sth.让某人/某物一直做某事
◎have sb./sth.do sth.让某人/某物做某事
◎have sth.to do有某事要做
语料输入——必备素材
In the past few years，we have had thousands of trees planted around our school.在过去的几年中，我们在我们学校周围种植了很多树。
三层固基达标训练
03
层级一
层级二
层级三
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．There is lowered pain _________(tolerate)，and lowered resistance to infection.
2．Students were banned from _______(hang) out at night.
3．Sorry ________ (bother) you，but there's a call for you on line two.
tolerance
hanging
to bother
4．I ________ (panic) when I saw smoke coming out of the engine.
5．It is no longer _________ (desire) for adult children to live with their parents.
6．They have received no news of him since his _________ (depart) from the island.
panicked
desirable
departure
7．He was beginning to get very _______(annoy) with me about my carelessness.
8．We have all the preparations ____ (make) before the headmaster's inspection.
annoyed
made
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．The case was investigated again __ the request of the Supreme Court.
2．The parcel was opened and a strange furry animal was released from it，making the girl scream __ panic.
3．When the toys were distributed __ the orphans，they clasped the presents firmly.
4．Darwin eventually put _______ a model of biological evolution.
5．I don't want to bother her ____ my problems at the moment.
at
in
to
forward
with
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．I write to make a _________ (complain) about a camera which I bought at your place a week ago.
2．It can be __________ (benefit) to share your feelings with someone you trust.
complaint
beneficial
3．Children should not be allowed to watch movies that show a lot of ________ (violent)．
4．The government ___________(invest) heavily in public transport in the past years.
5．I happened __________(have) lunch in the school canteen when the conflict occurred suddenly.
violence
has invested
to be having
6．Doctors issued a _______ (warn) against eating any fish caught in the river.
7．They made a __________(resolve) to lose all the weight gained during the Christmas period.
8．We should not exclude the possibility of ___________(negotiate)．
warning
resolution
negotiation
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．The boy apologized for his rudeness and was ashamed __ his behaviour.
2．Many excellent works are __ display in the gallery of our school.
3．We shouldn't be prejudiced _______ anyone!
4．He asked me what I would be doing ____ he came the next day.
5．Mr Brown says Sea World has never experienced __ incident like this.
of
on
against
when
an
Ⅰ.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2022·全国甲卷)Sherman Cymru is excited to present a packed programme of the very best theatre，dance，family shows and music from Wales and the rest of the world. __
A．有大量……的；……极多的
B．打包了的
C．挤满人的
A
2．(2022·全国甲卷)Presenting the best of the West End along with the pick of the UK's touring shows，the New Theatre is Cardiff's oldest surviving traditional theatre. __
A．挑选 B．精品；精华 C．摘取
3．(2020·江苏卷)Most obviously，the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten. __
A．展示 B．陈列 C．显示
B
C
Ⅱ.长难语句(分析句子的结构并将句子翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·全国甲卷)While I was thrilled that he was an animal lover，I worried that three dogs were perhaps too many，and my dogs might attack Flora，the cat.
化繁为简 这是一个主从复合句。其中主句部分是I worried that three dogs were perhaps too many，and my dogs might attack Flora，the cat，其中____后是宾语从句，且宾语从句由and并列了两个简单句；从句部分是While I was thrilled that he was an animal lover。
[尝试翻译]虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，并担心我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。
that
2．(2022·全国乙卷)First announced in April，2016，the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml，was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity(肥胖)．
化繁为简 本句为主从复合句。主句主语为the tax，谓语动词为was introduced。其中，过去分词短语First announced in April，2016作____；which引导____从句，修饰先行词the tax。
[尝试翻译]该税种于2016年4月首次公布，适用于每100毫升含糖量超过5克的软饮料，旨在帮助减少儿童肥胖症。
状语
定语
三维提能培优训练
04
维度一
维度二
维度三
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
Grandpa Arrested After One Shower Too Many
Smith，a keen gardener and fish collector，lives above the McKays.1.______________(unfortunate)，the water he sent over his balcony every day 2._______(drop) on the McKays' floor，or too often，
Unfortunately
dropped
on the McKays 3.__________(them)．It was not only the water falling onto their balcony 4.___ the way he cleaned his fish tanks that bothered them.They were sitting there happily 5._______(read) their newspapers when so much water would come from above that they got wet all over.6.___ Saturday evening，when it was James McKay's 7.________(eighty) birthday，Smith emptied one of his larger tanks and
themselves
but
reading
On
eightieth
both the McKays and the cake were wet through.James，who is usually a 8.________(peace) person，couldn't tolerate it any more.He was up there in a flash and hit Smith on 9.___ head with his walking stick.As a result，James McKay spent Saturday night in jail but he said it was definitely the most 10.________(excite) birthday ever.
peaceful
the
exciting
Step 1.要点提示(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)
①马明是个单身的鼓手，经常在晚上开派对，这致使邻居们投诉他扰乱社区的宁静。
Ma Ming，a drummer and bachelor，often held parties at night，which has caused __________________________________________________
______________．
complaints from his neighbours about disturbing the peace of
the community
②他们说他们都快被这样的噪音逼疯了。
They said they were being _________ being exposed to such noise.
③自从他搬进来，他们很少能安安稳稳地睡一整晚。
Since he moved into the building，they __________________________
_____．
④如果不堵住耳朵，他们就不能放松或看书。
They couldn't get relaxed or read ________________________．
driven mad
have rarely got a full night's
sleep
without plugging their ears
⑤有个邻居还说，他对他十几岁的儿子造成了不良影响。
One neighbour also claimed he ________________ on his teenage son.
⑥当地社区采取了行动，命令他离开所租住的公寓。
The local council __________，ordering him to leave his rented apartment.
⑦他的离开使邻居的生活恢复正常了。
His departure has made his neighbours' life ______________．
had a bad influence
took action
return to normal
Step 2.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
Ma Ming，a drummer and bachelor，often held parties at night，which has caused complaints from his neighbours about disturbing the peace of the community.They said they were being driven mad being exposed to such noise.Since he moved into the building，they have rarely
got a full night's sleep.They even couldn't get relaxed or read without plugging their ears.One neighbour also claimed he had a bad influence on his teenage son.Finally，the local council took action，ordering him to leave his rented apartment.His departure has made his neighbours' life return to normal.
Step 1.储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
情感描写
annoy vt.使生气；惹恼
ashamed adj.惭愧的，羞愧的；内疚的
bitter adj.愤愤不平的；带来痛苦的
keen adj.渴望的；着迷的
weep v.哭泣，流泪
panic n.恐慌；惊恐
appreciation n.欣赏；感激
动作描写 环境描写
detect vt. 发现；查明
monitor v.监视；监听
drum vi.打鼓，击鼓
cease v.停止；终止
greet vt.同……打招呼
flee v.迅速离开；逃离
pray vt.祈祷；请求
recall v.回想起 remote adj.偏僻的，遥远的
frontier n.国界，边境
mud n.泥，烂泥
ward n.病房
ceremony n.典礼，仪式
sacred adj.神圣的；受崇敬的
Step 2.尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段)
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡衔接词完成以下语段。
James 对他将不得不参加颁奖典礼的消息感到很恼火。他回忆起了关于这场战斗的一切。曾经，他渴望在边境作战。然而，当子弹飞过时，他陷入了恐慌。他想逃跑，并祈祷战斗能尽快停止。突然他的左腿中了枪，倒进了泥里。当他在病房里苏醒后，他被告知他所有的战友都死了。他感到既悲伤又羞愧，一直哭到午夜。
James felt annoyed at the news that he would have to attend the award ceremony.He recalled everything about the battle.Once he was keen to fight on the frontier.However，when bullets were flying by，he got into a panic.He wanted to flee and prayed that the battle would cease as soon as possible.Suddenly，he was shot in the left leg and fell into the mud.When he came to life in the ward，he was told all his fellow soldiers had died.Feeling both sad and ashamed，he wept until midnight.续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀
1.(行为描写)(2022·武汉市调研考试)My little brother Toby immediately sped up and rushed to where Rubby was.2.(心理描写)(2022·启东、通州市联考)My heart was pounding but I tried to put on a brave face.3.(环境描写)(2022·南京市调研)Last Sunday，there was no dirt in the air，only bright spring sunshine and a clear blue sky. (2022·广州市三校联考)Walking across campus with every pair of eyes on you can be embarrassing，especially when you're 13 years old.I looked around me in desperate search of a friendly face，a smile，anything.I was quite disappointed，to say the least.
核心单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.negotiate vi.&vt.谈判，协商2.ban vt.禁止，取缔 n．禁令，禁止3.detect vt.发现，察觉(尤指不易觉察到的事物)4.flee vi.&vt.逃离，逃走5.temporary adj.暂时的，临时的；短期的6.request n．&vt.请求，要求7.resolution n．决定；解决8.cease vt.&vi.停止，终止，结束9.weep vi.&vt.哭泣，流(泪)10.departure n．离开，起程11.prejudiced adj.有偏见的，有成见的，歧视的12.desirable adj.理想的，值得拥有的；值得做的13.conclude vt.作出结论，推断出14.bother vt.&vi.(使)担心，(使)生气，(使)苦恼15.panic n．惊恐，惶恐，惊慌 1.The rent is a matter for negotiation(negotiate) between the landlord and the tenant.2.Most skin cancers are completely curable if detected (detect) in the early stages.3.The government is pressing for an early resolution(resolute)of the dispute.4.The guests watched as she fled (flee) from the room.5.When she went outside she was temporarily (temporary) blinded by the sun.6.I've come to the conclusion(conclude) that he's not the right person for the job.7.We all know how difficult it is to reason with a prejudiced (prejudice) person.8.He wept (weep) for the loss of his mother and his late recognition of her affection.9.He panicked (panic)and ran as fast as he could to the classroom.10.The book opens with an explanation of why some drugs are banned(ban).
派生单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.inquire vi.&vt.询问，打听→inquiry n．询问，调查→inquirer n．询问者，调查者2.assign vt.分配，分派，指派 (任务)→assignment n．任务；分配3.warn vt.警告，告诫→warning n．警告，警示；告诫4.tolerate vt.忍受；忍耐；容忍，容许；宽容→tolerant adj.忍受的；容忍的；宽容的→tolerance n．容忍，忍受5.invest vi.&vt.投资→investment n．投资→investor n．投资者6.distribute vt.分发，分配，分送→distributor n．经销商；分销商→distribution n．分发，分配7.mature adj.成熟的→maturity n．成熟→immature adj.不成熟的8.complain v．抱怨；投诉→complaint n．投诉9.withdraw vi.& vt.(使)退出(活动、组织等)；提，取→withdrawal n．撤回；收回；退出 1.Our teacher has assigned each of us a different task and you can download your assignment from the Internet.(assign)2.These distributors had sent the goods to the area and the group organized the distribution and they distributed the goods among the people.(distribute)3.He has a very tolerant attitude towards his daughter，but he has no tolerance for his son.(tolerate)4.To inquire about the matter，the government agreed to set up a committee of inquiry．(inquire)5.No one warned us of the trouble ahead and we didn't notice the warning signs，either.Otherwise，none of this would have happened.(warn)6.They are unwilling to invest any more money in the project，because they think their investment won't pay off.(invest)
高频短语 语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
1.be annoyed with被……惹恼；对……感到厌烦2.intend to do sth.打算做某事3.hold out坚持4.in trouble有麻烦，处于困境中5.deal with处理，应对6.respond to...对……作出回应7.put forward提出(主意、计划等)8.come across偶然遇到9.feel down感到沮丧；情绪消沉10.take action采取行动11.be prejudiced against...对……有偏见12.get rid of摆脱13.in a flash转瞬，一瞬间14.without doubt毫无疑问15.be fed up with厌烦 1.When in trouble，we should look to the future，which will give enough hope and confidence to move forward.2.In your letter，you said you suffered from depression because of the heavy study load and didn't know how to get rid of it.3.He is fed up with doing the same thing day in，day out.4.In a flash，I found myself floating in the sky，seemingly not moving，with a wonderful feeling.5.Without doubt he is the most hard working student in the class.6.Something new has just come up and I must go and deal with it immediately.7.We must take action to deal with the problem before it spreads to other areas.
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
1.being＋adj.作状语Being single，Ma Ming often held parties at night，but the biggest problem was his tendency to drum late at night. 孤独而悲伤，他躺在春日的星空下思念着家乡的亲人。Being lonely and sad，he lay under the starry sky in spring thinking of his family in his hometown.
2.be doing...when...正在做……突然……He and his family were eating breakfast when the American soldiers entered the village and ordered all civilians out of their homes. 我正在电影院看电影，这时我的手机响了。I was seeing the film in the cinema when my phone rang.
3.have＋n.＋过去分词It was this patient's second visit to us and this time he'd had both his legs blown off—he was all of about 20 years old. 昨天在超市我的钱包被偷了。I had my wallet stolen in the supermarket yesterday.
1 annoy [课本义]vt.使恼怒，使生气[增补义]vt.打扰，骚扰
①She was annoyed at your saying that.
②Their interruption is very annoying(annoy)．
③The mosquitoes annoyed(annoy) me so much that I couldn't sleep.
④The problems were an annoyance(annoy)，but we managed to cope.
I bet she was annoyed at (她感到恼火) having to write it out again.
◎annoy at...讨厌……
be annoyed that/to do sth.因(做)某事而生气
◎annoyance n．烦恼，烦恼的事物
annoyed adj.颇为生气的，烦恼的
annoying adj.使人颇为生气或烦恼的
find his attitude very annoying觉得他的态度很恶劣
was annoyed at having to wait so long为不得不等这么长时间而感到很恼火
2 departure [课本义]n.离开，起程[增补义]n.(在特定时间)离开的飞机(或火车等)；背离，违反
①Things had got worse and worse since his departure(depart) from head office.
②The next departure for New York will be at 11：00.
③Our flight departs from Shanghai Airport at 2 o'clock.
The time for my departure from Japan (我离开日本的日子)was drawing nearer every day.
◎departure from...从……离开
departure for...前往……
◎depart vi.离开，离去；起程
depart for...起程去……
depart from离开；背离，违背
his departure from the post of manager他辞去了经理一职
be ready for departure 准备出发
3 tolerate vt.忍受；忍耐；容忍，容许；宽容
①An excellent teacher won't tolerate cheating (cheat) in the examinations.
②Understanding，love and tolerance (tolerate) are the first three essentials that come to an authentic friendship.
When he went abroad，he found the new surroundings hard to tolerate(新的环境令人很难忍受)．
◎tolerate (sb.) doing sth.容忍/忍受(某人)做某事
◎tolerance n．宽容；容忍；忍受
tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的
tolerable adj.可容忍的
the heat was barely tolerable天气炎热得令人几乎不能忍受
have no tolerance for jokes of any kind容不得开任何玩笑
4 bother [课本义]vt.&vi.(使)担心，(使)生气，(使)苦恼[增补义]vt.打扰，烦扰n.不便；烦心的人或事
①Don't bother to get/getting (get) dinner for me.
②He is never bothered about his children.
③It bothers me to tell people what the movie is about because I feel so ridiculous.
It bothers me (它令我坐立不安)to think of her alone in that big house.
bother sb.with sth.为某事烦扰某人
bother to do sth./doing sth.费心做某事
It bothers sb.to do sth.做某事让某人不安。
be bothered about sb./sth.关心某人/某事
bother her with my problems让她为我的事操心
not be bothered about what he thinks不在乎他怎么想
5 panic [课本义]n.惊恐，惶恐，惊慌[增补义]vi.&vt.(使)惊慌
①He got into a panic when he realised that he couldn't meet the deadline.
②He panicked (panic) over the unexpected danger at that time.
There is no point getting into a panic (感到恐慌是没有意义的) about the exam.It's not as difficult as you imagine.
◎in panic惊慌失措地
get into a panic 陷入恐慌
◎panic sb.into doing sth.使某人惊慌地做某事
the crowd in panic fled in all directions仓皇的人群向四面八方逃去
a wave of panic spread through the crowd一阵恐慌传遍人群
6 distribute vt.分发，分配，分送
①At present，the world has about 6，800 languages.The distribution(distribute) of these languages is hugely uneven.
②Don't bother to distribute the books to us—we will take them ourselves.
I told those international students that tea is widely distributed all over the country (茶广泛分布在全国各地)．
◎distribute...to...
把……分给……
distribute...among...在……中分发……
◎distribution n．分配，分发；分布状态
distribute food to the earthquake victims向地震灾民分发食品
distribute the topping evenly over the fruit将配料均匀地撒在水果上
7 ban vt.禁止，取缔n.禁令，禁止
①She's been banned from leaving(leave) Greece while the allegations are investigated.
②The president supports a total ban on cigarette advertising.
(普通表达)We are not permitted to drive after drinking alcohol.
(高级表达)We are banned from driving after drinking alcohol.
◎ban sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事
◎announce a ban on...宣布对……的禁令
put a ban on...宣布禁止……
impose a ban颁布一项禁令
lift a ban解除一项禁令
be banned from the meeting被取消出席会议的资格
8 desirable adj.理想的，值得拥有的；值得做的
①She had a strong desire to be(be) a dancer but failed to make the grade.
②She chatted for a few minutes about the qualities she considered desirable(desire) in a secretary.
③I owned a bookshop and desired to expand(expand) the business.
In order to achieve goals，you must have a strong desire (有强烈意愿) to do so.
◎desire vt.&n.渴望；欲望；要求
desire (sb.) to do sth.要求(某人)做某事
desire that...渴望……(从句谓语用should do形式，should可以省略)
◎have a strong desire to do sth.
迫切想做某事
have a strong desire for sth.
迫切渴望得到某物
9 request n．& vt.请求，要求
①Our teacher made a request that we (should) be well prepared for the exam.
②At your request，I am writing to tell you some ways to learn Chinese well.
③The boy was requested to study (study) hard.
It is requested (据要求)that all the students (should) attend the annual school celebration.
◎make a request for请求；要求
at one's request应某人的要求
◎request sb.to do sth.请求/要求某人做某事
request that...(should) do sth.要求……(应该)做某事
It is requested that...(should) do sth.据要求……(应该)做某事
make a formal request for official services为正式的服务作正式的请求
10 in trouble 有麻烦，处于困境中；碰到困难
①If you get into trouble，you can depend on your best friend to help you.
②However，I have some trouble collecting(collect) the relevant materials and using the language.
③The doctor said that delaying this type of operation was just asking for trouble.
In my opinion，when in trouble (当遇到麻烦时)，we should seek help from those we trust most.
get into trouble陷入麻烦；陷入困境
get out of trouble摆脱困境
have (no) trouble with.../(in)doing...
(做)……有(无)困难
ask for trouble 自找麻烦；自讨苦吃
不辞劳苦地做某事
cause him to get into trouble 为他惹来了麻烦
don't ask for trouble by worrying about exams别为考试担心而自寻烦恼了
11 put forward 提议，提出(主意、计划等)；推举，提名；提前，把(钟表等)向前拨
①The exam results will be put up on Monday morning.
②Your own personal robot will put away books that you have left on the floor or bed.
③Can I put you/your name forward for club secretary
The students put forward a series of questions (提出了一系列问题) about how to learn English well in class.
put aside把……搁在一边，忽视
put away把……收拾好/放好，储存
put back放回原处；把……向后拨
put off推迟，延期
put on穿/戴上；增加；上演(戏剧等)
put out扑灭；出版；生产
put up张贴；举起；搭建；供给膳宿
put sb./sth.forward推荐某人/某物
put aside our differences 抛开分歧
put forward a solution提出一项解决办法
12 [教材原句]It was this patient's second visit to us and this time he'd had both his legs blown off—he was all of about 20 years old.这是这个病人第二次来到我们这里，而这次他的双腿都被炸没了——他也就才二十来岁。
①Don't worry，for I will have the car waiting(wait) outside.
②I had Mary clean (clean) the classroom this morning.
③I have nothing to offer(offer) but blood，toil，tears and sweat.
④We had the machine mended (mend)just now and we can work now.
My friend Rose had her wrist broken (将她的腕部摔骨折了)while climbing the mountain.
◎have...done遭遇某事；让别人做某事；使某件事被做
◎have sb./sth.doing sth.让某人/某物一直做某事
◎have sb./sth.do sth.让某人/某物做某事
◎have sth.to do有某事要做
In the past few years，we have had thousands of trees planted around our school.在过去的几年中，我们在我们学校周围种植了很多树。
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．There is lowered pain tolerance(tolerate)，and lowered resistance to infection.
2．Students were banned from hanging(hang) out at night.
3．Sorry to bother (bother) you，but there's a call for you on line two.
4．I panicked (panic) when I saw smoke coming out of the engine.
5．It is no longer desirable (desire) for adult children to live with their parents.
6．They have received no news of him since his departure (depart) from the island.
7．He was beginning to get very annoyed(annoy) with me about my carelessness.
8．We have all the preparations made (make) before the headmaster's inspection.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．The case was investigated again at the request of the Supreme Court.
2．The parcel was opened and a strange furry animal was released from it，making the girl scream in panic.
3．When the toys were distributed to the orphans，they clasped the presents firmly.
4．Darwin eventually put forward a model of biological evolution.
5．I don't want to bother her with my problems at the moment.
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．I write to make a complaint (complain) about a camera which I bought at your place a week ago.
2．It can be beneficial (benefit) to share your feelings with someone you trust.
3．Children should not be allowed to watch movies that show a lot of violence (violent)．
4．The government has invested(invest) heavily in public transport in the past years.
5．I happened to be having(have) lunch in the school canteen when the conflict occurred suddenly.
6．Doctors issued a warning (warn) against eating any fish caught in the river.
7．They made a resolution(resolve) to lose all the weight gained during the Christmas period.
8．We should not exclude the possibility of negotiation(negotiate)．
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．The boy apologized for his rudeness and was ashamed of his behaviour.
2．Many excellent works are on display in the gallery of our school.
3．We shouldn't be prejudiced against anyone!
4．He asked me what I would be doing when he came the next day.
5．Mr Brown says Sea World has never experienced an incident like this.
Ⅰ.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2022·全国甲卷)Sherman Cymru is excited to present a packed programme of the very best theatre，dance，family shows and music from Wales and the rest of the world. A
A．有大量……的；……极多的
B．打包了的
C．挤满人的
2．(2022·全国甲卷)Presenting the best of the West End along with the pick of the UK's touring shows，the New Theatre is Cardiff's oldest surviving traditional theatre. B
A．挑选 B．精品；精华 C．摘取
3．(2020·江苏卷)Most obviously，the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten. C
A．展示 B．陈列 C．显示
Ⅱ.长难语句(分析句子的结构并将句子翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·全国甲卷)While I was thrilled that he was an animal lover，I worried that three dogs were perhaps too many，and my dogs might attack Flora，the cat.
这是一个主从复合句。其中主句部分是I worried that three dogs were perhaps too many，and my dogs might attack Flora，the cat，其中that后是宾语从句，且宾语从句由and并列了两个简单句；从句部分是While I was thrilled that he was an animal lover。
[尝试翻译]虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，并担心我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。
2．(2022·全国乙卷)First announced in April，2016，the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml，was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity(肥胖)．
本句为主从复合句。主句主语为the tax，谓语动词为was introduced。其中，过去分词短语First announced in April，2016作状语；which引导定语从句，修饰先行词the tax。
[尝试翻译]该税种于2016年4月首次公布，适用于每100毫升含糖量超过5克的软饮料，旨在帮助减少儿童肥胖症。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
Grandpa Arrested After One Shower Too Many
Smith，a keen gardener and fish collector，lives above the McKays.1.Unfortunately(unfortunate)，the water he sent over his balcony every day 2.dropped(drop) on the McKays' floor，or too often，on the McKays 3.themselves (them)．It was not only the water falling onto their balcony 4.but the way he cleaned his fish tanks that bothered them.They were sitting there happily 5.reading(read) their newspapers when so much water would come from above that they got wet all over.6.On Saturday evening，when it was James McKay's 7.eightieth(eighty) birthday，Smith emptied one of his larger tanks and both the McKays and the cake were wet through.James，who is usually a 8.peaceful(peace) person，couldn't tolerate it any more.He was up there in a flash and hit Smith on 9.the head with his walking stick.As a result，James McKay spent Saturday night in jail but he said it was definitely the most 10.exciting(excite) birthday ever.
Step 1.要点提示(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)
①马明是个单身的鼓手，经常在晚上开派对，这致使邻居们投诉他扰乱社区的宁静。
Ma Ming，a drummer and bachelor，often held parties at night，which has caused complaints from his neighbours about disturbing the peace of the community．
②他们说他们都快被这样的噪音逼疯了。
They said they were being driven mad being exposed to such noise.
③自从他搬进来，他们很少能安安稳稳地睡一整晚。
Since he moved into the building，they have rarely got a full night's sleep．
④如果不堵住耳朵，他们就不能放松或看书。
They couldn't get relaxed or read without plugging their ears．
⑤有个邻居还说，他对他十几岁的儿子造成了不良影响。
One neighbour also claimed he had a bad influence on his teenage son.
⑥当地社区采取了行动，命令他离开所租住的公寓。
The local council took action，ordering him to leave his rented apartment.
⑦他的离开使邻居的生活恢复正常了。
His departure has made his neighbours' life return to normal．
Step 2.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
Ma Ming，a drummer and bachelor，often held parties at night，which has caused complaints from his neighbours about disturbing the peace of the community.They said they were being driven mad being exposed to such noise.Since he moved into the building，they have rarely got a full night's sleep.They even couldn't get relaxed or read without plugging their ears.One neighbour also claimed he had a bad influence on his teenage son.Finally，the local council took action，ordering him to leave his rented apartment.His departure has made his neighbours' life return to normal.
Step 1.储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
情感描写 动作描写 环境描写
annoy vt.使生气；惹恼ashamed adj.惭愧的，羞愧的；内疚的bitter adj.愤愤不平的；带来痛苦的keen adj.渴望的；着迷的weep v．哭泣，流泪panic n．恐慌；惊恐appreciation n．欣赏；感激 detect vt. 发现；查明monitor v.监视；监听drum vi.打鼓，击鼓cease v．停止；终止greet vt.同……打招呼flee v．迅速离开；逃离pray vt.祈祷；请求recall v．回想起 remote adj.偏僻的，遥远的frontier n．国界，边境mud n.泥，烂泥ward n．病房ceremony n．典礼，仪式sacred adj.神圣的；受崇敬的
Step 2.尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段)
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡衔接词完成以下语段。
James 对他将不得不参加颁奖典礼的消息感到很恼火。他回忆起了关于这场战斗的一切。曾经，他渴望在边境作战。然而，当子弹飞过时，他陷入了恐慌。他想逃跑，并祈祷战斗能尽快停止。突然他的左腿中了枪，倒进了泥里。当他在病房里苏醒后，他被告知他所有的战友都死了。他感到既悲伤又羞愧，一直哭到午夜。
James felt annoyed at the news that he would have to attend the award ceremony.He recalled everything about the battle.Once he was keen to fight on the frontier.However，when bullets were flying by，he got into a panic.He wanted to flee and prayed that the battle would cease as soon as possible.Suddenly，he was shot in the left leg and fell into the mud.When he came to life in the ward，he was told all his fellow soldiers had died.Feeling both sad and ashamed，he wept until midnight.续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀
1.(行为描写)(2020·新高考卷Ⅱ)Then he made a U turn，circling back to take another look.2.(心理描写)(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)If we admit it is a door，they'll want to go outside constantly.It will drive us crazy.3.(景物描写)(2022·常德市模拟)Dark rain clouds were gathering in the sky. (2022·济南市模拟考试)Muddy flood water was pouring into the car and rising quickly.Jane knew they had to get out quickly before the water rose too high in the car.Forcing the door open，Charlie jumped into the flood from the back row.
核心单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.donate vi.&vt.捐献(器官)，献(血)；捐赠，捐献2.launch vt.发射；发动，发起，开始从事3.humble adj.谦虚的，谦卑的4.outcome n．结果，后果5.entertainment n．娱乐节目6.gifted adj.有天赋的，有才华的7.productive adj.多产的；丰饶的；富有成效的8.mass n．大量，大宗adj.大量的9.instant adj.立刻的，马上的10.subsequently adv.后来，随后11.availability n．可能性12.perceive vt.察觉，注意到，发觉13.clueless adj.一无所知的，一窍不通的14.specifically adv.特定地，专门地 1.Clouds are masses(mass) of very small drops of water floating in the air.2.A wealthy person came to their rescue with a generous donation (donate).3.I would humbly (humble) suggest that there is something wrong here.4.All of these outcomes (outcome) are linked to a lack of physical exercise.5.The project was launched (launch) in an early stage in 1987.6.People may laugh at his music，but we know he is gifted(gift) in it.7.The data can subsequently(subsequent) be loaded on a computer for processing.8.He's completely clueless(clue) about computers.9.This discovery was perceived(perceive) as a major breakthrough.
派生单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.science n．科学→scientist n．科学家→scientific adj.科学(上)的→scientifically adv.科学(上)地2.efficient adj.生效的，效率高的→efficiently adv.有效率地，高效能地→efficiency n．效率；效能3.propose vt.提出(某观点、方法等)→proposal n．提议4.emerge vi.出现，浮现→emergence n．出现，浮现5.evaluate vt.评估，评价→evaluation n．评估，评价6.explode vi.& vt.(使)爆炸；急剧增长→explosion n．爆炸→explosive adj.(易)爆炸的7.regulate vt.控制，管理→regulation n．规则；控制，管理8.innovate vi.改革，创新→innovation n．新发明，新方法，新观念；革新，创新→innovative adj.创新的9.boil vi.& vt.(使)沸腾，煮沸；(用开水)煮 n．沸腾→boiling adj.炎热的；炽热的→boiled adj.煮沸的，喝醉的 1.The scientist devotes himself to the scientific research，so he has little time to spend with his family.(science)2.They seem able to work together very efficiently，so the project can be completed ahead of time due to their high efficiency．(efficient)3.He proposed changing the name of the company at the conference，but his proposal was turned down at last.(propose)4.The chemical plant exploded suddenly last night，and twenty people were injured in the explosion．(explode)5.She finally emerged from her room at noon，and her emergence made everyone at present feel relieved.(emerge)6.Though performance evaluation is very important，it's hard to evaluate the success of the school because it has only been open for six months.(evaluate)7.Under these new regulations，the spending on office equipment will be strictly regulated．(regulate)
高频短语 语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
1.adapt to 适应2.in spite of虽然；不顾3.range from...to...从……到……变化4.be dedicated to致力于，献身于5.figure out弄清楚，弄明白，计算出6.bury oneself in埋头于，专心致志于7.come up被提出；走近；长出地面；升起8.reflect on思考，反思9.every once in a while偶尔，时常10.put...into operation使运转；使生效11.a sort of近似于，有点像12.be reduced to...减少到……；沦落为……；陷入某种状态 13.be diagnosed with被诊断为14.single out挑选15.turn to sb.for help向某人求助16.in a joint effort在共同努力下 1.We must carry on till success in spite of various challenges and difficulties.2.You should set aside some time to reflect on your successes and failures.3.There are 120 students whose ages range from 10 to 18.4.Once you bury yourself in Tang poems，you'll be charmed by the wonderful Chinese language.5.It took them about one month to figure out how to start the equipment.6.It took Helen more than half a year to adapt to the life in that African country.7.I had a sort of feeling that he wouldn't come.8.Who would you single out as the most promising student of the year？9.In times of crisis I know which friends I can turn to.10.All the buildings in the town have been reduced to ruins.
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
1.“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句He double checked and saw a blue mould in the dish around which the bacteria had been destroyed. 公共汽车车来了，我等了将近一个小时。There comes the bus，for which I have been waiting around an hour.
2.if虚拟条件句If you had to choose the single most important discovery of the 20th century，you would have a real problem on your hands. 要是我有你的那种能力，我就接受那个职位。If I had your ability，I would accept the position.
1 entertainment [课本义]n.娱乐节目[增补义]n.娱乐；款待，招待
①I had several children and books were our main source of entertainment(entertain)．
②Humor makes average looking people look cute and uninteresting people seem entertaining(entertain)．
③To our entertainment，the gifted comedian began to perform an Indian dance.
Having found his mother weeping，little Tommy tried to entertain her with whatever he could think of(试图用他能想到的任何东西来让她开心)．
◎to one's entertainment使某人高兴的是
◎entertain vi.& vt.使娱乐，使快乐；招待entertain sb.to sth.用某物招待某人
entertain sb.with sth.用某物使某人快乐
◎entertaining adj.有趣的；令人愉快的
find entertainment in...以……为乐
give an entertainment to sb.招待某人
give a farewell entertainment to sb.为某人举行欢送会
see life from an entertaining angle从娱乐的角度看待人生
2 gifted [课本义]adj.有天赋的，有才华的[增补义]adj.具有(令人愉快的特质)
①Michael may have been a dunce at mathematics，but he is gifted in/at languages.
②Mother has a gift for making people feel at home.
这个女孩在学习语言方面十分有天赋。
①The girl has a gift for learning languages.
②The girl is gifted in/at learning languages.
◎be gifted in/at在……方面有天赋
◎gift n．天赋，才华；礼物
have a gift for有……天赋
be gifted in music在音乐方面有天赋
one of the most gifted players in the world
世界上最有天赋的运动员之一
3 propose [课本义]vt.提出(某观点、方法等)[增补义]v.提议；打算；求婚
①The teacher may require a second proposal (propose) if the first is off topic or unclear.
②A professor has proposed that a fund be established (establish) to raise money.
As to presents，I make a proposal that you should choose(建议你选择) some with New Zealand features，which is bound to win your friend's affection.
◎propose doing...建议做……
propose that...(should) do...建议……
◎proposal n．提议，建议
the proposal to do...做……的建议
propose building a gymnasium建议建一所体育馆
a new proposal followed on from the discussions讨论出了一个新提案
the proposal has generated a lot of interest这项建议引起众多的关注
4 instant [课本义]adj.立刻的，马上的[增补义]adj.速溶的n.立即，瞬间
①He instantly(instant) grasped that Stephen was talking about his wife.
②Please hold on! She will be back in an instant.
The instant he got to the station，the train had left already.
→The moment/As soon as/Immediately he got to the station，the train had left already.
◎the instant一……就……
in an instant立即
◎instantly adv.立即，马上
instant coffee速溶咖啡
send an instant message发送一条即时消息
be back in an instant马上就回来
5 decline [课本义]vi.减少，降低[增补义]vi.&vt.谢绝，拒绝
①As the economy was in decline，some people in the town had lost their jobs.
②The old couple declined to accept (accept) our reward for their kind help and fine care.
The number of tourists to the resort declined by 60% last year (去年下降了60%)because of the epidemic.
◎a decline in在……方面下降
in decline/on the decline在衰退中
◎decline to do...拒绝做……
decline to减少到……
decline by减少了……
decline their invitation谢绝他们的邀请
fall into (a) decline开始衰退
6 explode [课本义]vi.&vt.(使)爆炸；急剧增长[增补义]vi.(感情)迸发
①Charles exploded with anger when hearing the news.
②On seeing his funny expression，we all exploded into laughter.
③The explosion(explode) could be heard a mile away.
The population can explode to (人口能激增至)40，000 during the tourist season in the place of interest.
◎explode with anger/rage勃然大怒
explode into...爆发……
◎explosion n．爆炸；突增
◎explosive adj.易爆炸的；暴躁的；突增的n.炸药
◎unexploded adj.未爆炸的
explode into wild laughter一下子大笑起来
the exploding world population迅猛增长的世界人口
7 figure out 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白；计算出
①Have you figured in/out the cost of food for our holiday
②I figure on going to New York in January.
It didn't take the children long to figure out the correct answer(算出正确的答案)．
figure in把……考虑在内
figure on计划；打算；预料到
figure out what's on her mind猜透她的心事
help me figure out this problem帮我解决这个问题
8 turn to 求助于； 转向；翻到(页码)
①He turned down my suggestion without hesitation.
②The farmers are turning waste land into rice fields.
③The factory turned out more products than they had expected.
④The man turned over and went to sleep again when the telephone rang.
⑤Go down the street and then turn to the left in the end.
If you meet new words，you can turn to the dictionary for help(你可以求助于字典)．
turn against背叛
turn down关小；拒绝
turn up开大；出现；被找到
turn in上交
turn(...)into...(使……)成为……
turn off关闭(水源、煤气、电灯等)
turn on打开(水、煤气、电灯、无线电等)
turn out结果是；证明是；生产出
turn over(使)打翻；翻身
turn to trusted adults for support向自己信任的成年人寻求帮助
9 [教材原句]He double checked and saw a blue mould in the dish around which the bacteria had been destroyed.经过反复检查，他发现器皿里有一种蓝色的霉菌，而霉菌周围的细菌已经被杀死了。
①Ours is a beautiful country，of which we are greatly proud.
②Who is the man with whom our teacher is shaking hands
He handed me a pen with which I wrote down my name(我用它写下了自己的名字)．
在“介词＋关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中，关系代词指物时用which；指人时用whom，而不能用that或who代替。
Mr.Wang have benefited me a lot，without whose teachings I would not have achieved so much.王老师使我受益匪浅，没有他的教导我就不会取得这么大的成就。
10 [教材原句]If you had to choose the single most important discovery of the 20th century，you would have a real problem on your hands.如果你必须在20世纪重大发现中选出最重要的一项，这可不是件容易的事。
①They might have found a better hotel if they had driven (drive) a few more kilometers.
②If it rained (rain) this afternoon，the basketball match would be put off.
③If I were (be) a flower，I would bring people a nice spring.
如果王亚平明天来我们学校，我就和她合影。
①If Wang Yaping came to our school tomorrow，I would take a photo with her．(did)
②If Wang Yaping were to come to our school tomorrow，I would take a photo with her．(were to do)
③If Wang Yaping should come to our school tomorrow，I would take a photo with her．(should do),
条件句分为真实条件句与非真实条件句(虚拟条件句)两种。虚拟条件句所表示的假设是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与主句皆须用虚拟语气。
◎与现在事实相反：If＋主语＋过去式/were，主语＋should/could/would/might＋动词原形。
◎与过去事实相反：If＋主语＋had＋动词 ed形式，主语＋should/could/would/might＋have＋动词 ed形式。
◎与将来事实相反：If＋主语＋should do/did/were to do，主语＋should/could/would/might＋动词原形。
If I had followed my parents' advice at that time，I would not have encountered so many difficulties in life.要是我那时听从了父母的建议，我就不会在生活中遇到那么多的困难。
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．To my entertainment(entertain)，the cat jumped up in panic when seeing the cucumber.
2．The general proposed that they (should) cease(cease) firing and negotiate a compromise.
3．He declined to give(give) any information on the presidential election.
4．The truck hit the car，and the driver was killed instantly (instant)．
5．She was blown off her feet by the shock wave from the explosion (explode)．
6．A large number of new gifted (gift) people have emerged in the academic world.
7．If you had prepared(prepare) for the exam more carefully，you could have passed it.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．I really admire the manager because he is gifted in/at resolving problems efficiently.
2．I don't know the man to whom you spoke just now near the school gate.
3．He carefully figured out what time the first train would pass by.
4．Industrial production has declined by 20% since 2018.
5．Turning to adults for help shows that you are much more mature.
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．Right now，there are about 1，000 artificial satellites orbiting (orbit) the earth.
2．The plan is designed to motivate employees to work more efficiently (efficient)．
3．Science and technology are part of the productive(produce) forces.
4．The condition prevents the blood from circulating (circulate) freely.
5．She overcame (overcome) injury to win the gold medal in the Tokyo Olympics.
6．Many companies make an annual evaluation (evaluate) of their employees.
7．The view of the case occurred (occur) to me suddenly just now.
8．The doctor told him specifically (specific) not to smoke any more.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．At the weekend，there are always a mass of people shopping in the supermarket.
2．Similar to other rockets，the Electron rocket splits into two parts once it reaches outer space.
3．The ban on plastic bags is to preserve the environment from being polluted.
4．My grandpa is dedicated to education in spite of his advanced age.
5．I have called you several times，but you were not in by coincidence.
Ⅰ.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2022·全国甲卷)After our third run Andrew shut down the engine，and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break，I to explore the city. C
A．跑步 B．经营 C．旅程，航程
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)For example，most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly，we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined. A
A．固定的；不变的 B．经常的 C．重复的
3．(2019·北京卷)For football and basketball，adding talented players to a team proves a good method，but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent；above that level，the team's performance begins to decline. C
A．谢绝；婉拒 B．减少 C．衰退
Ⅱ.长难语句(分析句子的结构并将句子翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·全国乙卷)Today's figures，according to one government official，show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities(设施) and healthier eating in schools.
本句为主从复合句。主句主干为Today's figures...show the positive influence...。其中，according to one government official为插入语， the sugar tax is having为省略关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词 influence；介宾短语by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities and healthier eating in schools在句子中作方式状语。
[尝试翻译]据一位政府官员说，今天的数字显示了含糖税的积极影响，它为体育设施和学校的健康饮食筹集了数百万英镑。
2．(2021·全国甲卷)Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe，a local high point，I came across a small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the fresh snow.
本句是简单句。主语是I，谓语是came across和noticed。动词 ing形式短语Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe在句中作状语，a local high point是地点名词Shutlingsloe的同位语。
[尝试翻译]沿着一条穿过森林的小径，朝着当地的一个高点舒特林斯洛走去，我发现了一块小空地，立刻注意到枯黄的草映衬着新鲜的积雪。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
It's really hard for us 1.to single (single) out the premier discovery of the 20th century，because so many 2.amazing (amaze) discoveries were made in such a large number of scientific 3.areas(area)．Here are some pioneers of scientists.
Albert Einstein 4.discovered (discover)the “E＝mc2” when he was taking care of his little baby.Alexander Fleming made another finding：a kind of blue mould，later 5.called (call) penicillin，could be used to kill bacteria.Eckert and Mauchly invented 6.the world's first computer so as to improve the 7.accuracy (accurate) of the US Navy's missiles.Tim Berners Lee invented the World Wide Web，8.which enabled computers all over the world to communicate 9.with each other.
The breakthroughs of these pioneers have changed the world pletely (complete)．
Step 1.要点提示(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)
①斯蒂芬·霍金在21岁时被诊断为肌肉萎缩性侧索硬化症。
Stephen Hawking was diagnosed with ALS at the age of 21．
②他的病情恶化了；他丧失了说话能力，他的手也动不了了。
His illness got/became worse；he lost his speech and the use of his hands.
③在过去几十年里，他的身体机能在衰退；他从未停止过研究，对黑洞有了许多新的想法。
His physical abilities declined over decades；he never ceased his studies and he developed a number of new ideas about black holes.
④霍金认为我们应该用一种不同的方式去发现宇宙最深处的秘密。科学家们应该把他们已经有的想法汇集起来。
He argued that we should look for a different way to discover the deepest secrets of the universe and scientists should put together the ideas that they already have.
⑤在奥运会开幕式上，他鼓励电视观众要保持好奇心。
At the opening of the Olympics，he made a speech to encourage TV audiences to be curious．
⑥尽管霍金患有疾病，但他并不认为自己是个不幸的人。
In spite of his disease，Hawking didn't consider himself an unlucky man.
⑦他说，这并没有阻碍他拥有家庭，也没有阻碍他在工作中取得成功。
He said it had not prevented him from having a family，and being successful in his work．
⑧他认为自己的成功源于家人的支持和许多人及机构的帮助。
He believed his success was because of the help he received from his family and a lot of people and organisations.
Step 2.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
Stephen Hawking was diagnosed with ALS at the age of 21.As his illness got/became worse，he lost his speech and the use of his hands.Although his physical abilities declined over decades，he never ceased his studies and he developed a number of new ideas about black holes.He argued that we should look for a different way to discover the deepest secrets of the universe and scientists should put together the ideas that they already have.At the opening of the Olympics，he made a speech to encourage TV audiences to be curious.In spite of his disease，Hawking didn't consider himself an unlucky man.He said it had not prevented him from having a family，and being successful in his work.He believed his success was because of the help he received from his family and a lot of people and organizations.
Step 1.储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
动作描写 环境描写
launch vt.开始从事；发起overcome vt.克服；战胜；受到……的极大影响boil v．(使)沸腾；用开水煮；怒火中烧donate vi.& vt.捐赠，捐献 garbage n．垃圾mass n．一团；大堆
Step 2.尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段)
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡衔接词完成以下语段。
在非洲旅行时，汉斯(Hans)看到一个人把食物扔进垃圾桶，在它旁边有一群孩子正在寻找可以吃的东西。他怒不可遏，完全被悲伤所征服。一个伟大的想法出现在他的脑海，即他可以为那些可怜的孩子捐赠食物。他一回到家，就发起了一场反对饥饿的运动。
When travelling in Africa，Hans saw a guy throwing food into the garbage can，beside which a mass of kids were looking for something to eat.He boiled with anger and was totally overcome by sadness.A grand idea emerged in his mind that he could donate food for those poor children.The instant he returned home，he launched a campaign against starvation.(共86张PPT)
教材知识讲练
选择性必修第四册
UNIT 12 INNOVATION
1.(行为描写)(2020·新高考卷Ⅱ)Then he made a U-turn，circling back to take another look.
2.(心理描写)(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)If we admit it is a door，they'll want to go outside constantly.It will drive us crazy.
3.(景物描写)(2022·常德市模拟)Dark rain clouds were gathering in the sky.
续写语料积累 背诵·句之美
(2022·济南市模拟考试)Muddy flood water was pouring into the car and rising quickly.Jane knew they had to get out quickly before the water rose too high in the car.Forcing the door open，Charlie jumped into the flood from the back row.
续写语料积累 欣赏·语之秀
语基自查自测·巩固验收
01
1.______ vi.&vt.捐献(器官)，献(血)；捐赠，捐献
2.______ vt.发射；发动，发起，开始从事
3.______ adj.谦虚的，谦卑的
4._______ n.结果，后果
5._____________ n.娱乐节目
6.______ adj.有天赋的，有才华的
7.__________ adj.多产的；丰饶的；富有成效的
核心单词
donate
launch
humble
outcome
entertainment
gifted
productive
8.____ n.大量，大宗adj.大量的
9._______ adj.立刻的，马上的
10.____________ adv.后来，随后
11.____________ n.可能性
12.________ vt.察觉，注意到，发觉
13.________ adj.一无所知的，一窍不通的
14.____________ adv.特定地，专门地
核心单词
mass
instant
subsequently
availability
perceive
clueless
specifically
1.Clouds are ______(mass) of very small drops of water floating in the air.
2.A wealthy person came to their rescue with a generous ________ (donate).
3.I would ______ (humble) suggest that there is something wrong here.
4.All of these ________ (outcome) are linked to a lack of physical exercise.
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
masses
donation
humbly
outcomes
5.The project ___________ (launch) in an early stage in 1987.
6.People may laugh at his music，but we know he is ______(gift) in it.
7.The data can____________(subsequent) be loaded on a computer for processing.
8.He's completely ________(clue) about computers.
9.This discovery ____________(perceive) as a major breakthrough.
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
was launched
gifted
subsequently
clueless
was perceived
1.science n.科学→_________ n.科学家→__________ adj.科学(上)的→______________ adv.科学(上)地
2.efficient adj.生效的，效率高的→___________ adv.有效率地，高效能地→__________ n.效率；效能
3.propose vt.提出(某观点、方法等)→________ n.提议
4.emerge vi.出现，浮现→_________ n.出现，浮现
5.evaluate vt.评估，评价→__________ n.评估，评价
派生单词
scientist
scientific
scientifically
efficiently
efficiency
proposal
emergence
evaluation
6.explode vi.& vt.(使)爆炸；急剧增长→_________ n.爆炸→_________ adj.(易)爆炸的
7.regulate vt.控制，管理→__________ n.规则；控制，管理
8.innovate vi.改革，创新→__________ n.新发明，新方法，新观念；革新，创新→__________ adj.创新的
9.boil vi.& vt.(使)沸腾，煮沸；(用开水)煮 n.沸腾→_______adj.炎热的；炽热的→______ adj.煮沸的，喝醉的
派生单词
explosion
explosive
regulation
innovation
innovative
boiling
boiled
1.The _________ devotes himself to the __________ research，so he has little time to spend with his family.(science)
2.They seem able to work together very ___________，so the project can be completed ahead of time due to their high _________．(efficient)
3.He ________ changing the name of the company at the conference，but his ________ was turned down at last.(propose)
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
scientist
scientific
efficiently
efficiency
proposed
proposal
4.The chemical plant ________ suddenly last night，and twenty people were injured in the _________．(explode)
5.She finally _______ from her room at noon，and her _________ made everyone at present feel relieved.(emerge)
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
exploded
explosion
emerged
emergence
6.Though performance __________ is very important，it's hard to ________ the success of the school because it has only been open for six months.(evaluate)
7.Under these new ___________，the spending on office equipment will be strictly _________．(regulate)
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
evaluation
evaluate
regulations
regulated
1.adapt to 适应
2.in spite of 虽然；不顾
3.range from...to... 从……到……变化
4.be dedicated to 致力于，献身于
5.figure out 弄清楚，弄明白，计算出
6.bury oneself in 埋头于，专心致志于
7.come up 被提出；走近；长出地面；升起
8.reflect on 思考，反思
高频短语
9.every once in a while 偶尔，时常
10.put...into operation 使运转；使生效
11.a sort of 近似于，有点像
12.be reduced to... 减少到……；沦落为……；陷入某种状态
13.be diagnosed with 被诊断为
14.single out 挑选
15.turn to sb.for help 向某人求助
16.in a joint effort 在共同努力下
高频短语
1.We must carry on till success _________various challenges and difficulties.
2.You should set aside some time to _________your successes and failures.
3.There are 120 students whose ages _________ 10 __18.
4.Once you ______________ Tang poems，you'll be charmed by the wonderful Chinese language.
语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
in spite of
reflect on
range from
to
bury yourself in
5.It took them about one month to _________ how to start the equipment.
6.It took Helen more than half a year to _______ the life in that African country.
7.I had _______ feeling that he wouldn't come.
8.Who would you _________ as the most promising student of the year？
9.In times of crisis I know which friends I can ______.
10.All the buildings in the town have been _________ruins.
语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
figure out
adapt to
a sort of
single out
turn to
reduced to
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
1.“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
He double-checked and saw a blue mould in the dish around which the bacteria had been destroyed. 公共汽车车来了，我等了将近一个小时。
There comes the bus，_________________________ around an hour.
for which I have been waiting
原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵
2.if虚拟条件句
If you had to choose the single most important discovery of the 20th century，you would have a real problem on your hands. 要是我有你的那种能力，我就接受那个职位。
If I ___your ability，I ___________the position.
had
would accept
考点探究归纳·多维讲练
02
词法探究
句法探究
1 entertainment [课本义]n.娱乐节目[增补义]n.娱乐；款待，招待
练中回想——语法填空
①I had several children and books were our main source of __________
(entertain)．
②Humor makes average-looking people look cute and uninteresting people seem ____________(entertain)．
③___ our entertainment，the gifted comedian began to perform an Indian dance.
entertainment
entertaining
To
完美写作——完成句子
Having found his mother weeping，little Tommy __________________
___________________________(试图用他能想到的任何东西来让她开心)．
tried to entertain her
with whatever he could think of
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎to one's entertainment使某人高兴的是
◎entertain vi.& vt.使娱乐，使快乐；招待entertain sb.to sth.用某物招待某人
entertain sb.with sth.用某物使某人快乐
◎entertaining adj.有趣的；令人愉快的
语料输入——必备素材
find entertainment in...以……为乐
give an entertainment to sb.招待某人
give a farewell entertainment to sb.为某人举行欢送会
see life from an entertaining angle从娱乐的角度看待人生
2 gifted [课本义]adj.有天赋的，有才华的[增补义]adj.具有(令人愉快的特质)
练中回想——语法填空
①Michael may have been a dunce at mathematics，but he is gifted _____ languages.
②Mother has a gift ___ making people feel at home.
in/at
for
完美写作——一句多译
这个女孩在学习语言方面十分有天赋。
①The girl ___________ learning languages.
②The girl _____________ learning languages.
has a gift for
is gifted in/at
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎be gifted in/at在……方面有天赋
◎gift n.天赋，才华；礼物
have a gift for有……天赋
语料输入——必备素材
be gifted in music在音乐方面有天赋
one of the most gifted players in the world
世界上最有天赋的运动员之一
3 propose [课本义]vt.提出(某观点、方法等)[增补义]v.提议；打算；求婚
练中回想——语法填空
①The teacher may require a second ________ (propose) if the first is off-topic or unclear.
②A professor has proposed that a fund _____________ (establish) to raise money.
proposal
be established
完美写作——完成句子
As to presents，__________________________________(建议你选择) some with New Zealand features，which is bound to win your friend's affection.
I make a proposal that you should choose
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎propose doing...建议做……
propose that...(should) do...建议……
◎proposal n.提议，建议
the proposal to do...做……的建议
语料输入——必备素材
propose building a gymnasium建议建一所体育馆
a new proposal followed on from the discussions讨论出了一个新提案
the proposal has generated a lot of interest这项建议引起众多的关注
4 instant [课本义]adj.立刻的，马上的[增补义]adj.速溶的n.立即，瞬间
练中回想——语法填空
①He _________(instant) grasped that Stephen was talking about his wife.
②Please hold on! She will be back in __ instant.
instantly
an
完美写作——同义改写
The instant he got to the station，the train had left already.
→_________________________________ he got to the station，the train had left already.
The moment/As soon as/Immediately
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎the instant一……就……
in an instant立即
◎instantly adv.立即，马上
语料输入——必备素材
instant coffee速溶咖啡
send an instant message发送一条即时消息
be back in an instant马上就回来
5 decline [课本义]vi.减少，降低[增补义]vi.&vt.谢绝，拒绝
练中回想——语法填空
①As the economy was __decline，some people in the town had lost their jobs.
②The old couple declined ________ (accept) our reward for their kind help and fine care.
in
to accept
完美写作——完成句子
The number of tourists to the resort ________________________ (去年下降了60%)because of the epidemic.
declined by 60% last year
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎a decline in在……方面下降
in decline/on the decline在衰退中
◎decline to do...拒绝做……
decline to减少到……
decline by减少了……
语料输入——必备素材
decline their invitation谢绝他们的邀请
fall into (a) decline开始衰退
6 explode [课本义]vi.&vt.(使)爆炸；急剧增长[增补义]vi.(感情)迸发
练中回想——语法填空
①Charles exploded ____ anger when hearing the news.
②On seeing his funny expression，we all exploded ____ laughter.
③The _________(explode) could be heard a mile away.
with
into
explosion
完美写作——完成句子
__________________________ (人口能激增至)40，000 during the tourist season in the place of interest.
The population can explode to
练后归纳——搭配拓展
◎explode with anger/rage勃然大怒
explode into...爆发……
◎explosion n.爆炸；突增
◎explosive adj.易爆炸的；暴躁的；突增的n.炸药
◎unexploded adj.未爆炸的
语料输入——必备素材
explode into wild laughter一下子大笑起来
the exploding world population迅猛增长的世界人口
7 figure out 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白；计算出
练中回想——语法填空
①Have you figured ______ the cost of food for our holiday
②I figure __ going to New York in January.
完美写作——完成句子
It didn't take the children long to _________________________(算出正确的答案)．
in/out
on
figure out the correct answer
练后归纳——搭配拓展
figure in把……考虑在内
figure on计划；打算；预料到
语料输入——必备素材
figure out what's on her mind猜透她的心事
help me figure out this problem帮我解决这个问题
8 turn to 求助于； 转向；翻到(页码)
练中回想——语法填空
①He turned ____ my suggestion without hesitation.
②The farmers are turning waste land ____ rice fields.
③The factory turned ___ more products than they had expected.
④The man turned ____ and went to sleep again when the telephone rang.
⑤Go down the street and then turn__ the left in the end.
down
into
out
over
to
完美写作——完成句子
If you meet new words，________________________________(你可以求助于字典)．
you can turn to the dictionary for help
练后归纳——搭配拓展
turn against背叛
turn down关小；拒绝
turn up开大；出现；被找到
turn in上交
turn(...)into...(使……)成为……
turn off关闭(水源、煤气、电灯等)
turn on打开(水、煤气、电灯、无线电等)
turn out结果是；证明是；生产出
turn over(使)打翻；翻身
语料输入——必备素材
turn to trusted adults for support向自己信任的成年人寻求帮助
9 [教材原句]He double-checked and saw a blue mould in the dish around which the bacteria had been destroyed.经过反复检查，他发现器皿里有一种蓝色的霉菌，而霉菌周围的细菌已经被杀死了。
练中回想——语法填空
①Ours is a beautiful country，of _____ we are greatly proud.
②Who is the man with ______ our teacher is shaking hands
which
whom
完美写作——完成句子
He handed me a pen _______________________________(我用它写下了自己的名字)．
with which I wrote down my name
练后归纳——搭配拓展
在“介词＋关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中，关系代词指物时用which；指人时用whom，而不能用that或who代替。
语料输入——必备素材
Mr.Wang have benefited me a lot，without whose teachings I would not have achieved so much.王老师使我受益匪浅，没有他的教导我就不会取得这么大的成就。
10 [教材原句]If you had to choose the single most important discovery of the 20th century，you would have a real problem on your hands.如果你必须在20世纪重大发现中选出最重要的一项，这可不是件容易的事。
练中回想——语法填空
①They might have found a better hotel if they _________ (drive) a few more kilometers.
②If it ______ (rain) this afternoon，the basketball match would be put off.
③If I ____ (be) a flower，I would bring people a nice spring.
had driven
rained
were
完美写作——一句多译
如果王亚平明天来我们学校，我就和她合影。
①If Wang Yaping ________________ tomorrow，I ________________
________．(did)
②If Wang Yaping _______________________ tomorrow，I _________
______________．(were to do)
③If Wang Yaping ______________________ tomorrow，I __________
_______________．(should do)
came to our school
would take a photo
with her
were to come to our school
would take
a photo with her
should come to our school
would take
a photo with her
练后归纳——搭配拓展
条件句分为真实条件句与非真实条件句(虚拟条件句)两种。虚拟条件句所表示的假设是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与主句皆须用虚拟语气。
◎与现在事实相反：If＋主语＋过去式/were，主语＋should/could/would/might＋动词原形。
◎与过去事实相反：If＋主语＋had＋动词-ed形式，主语＋should/could/would/might＋have＋动词-ed形式。
◎与将来事实相反：If＋主语＋should do/did/were to do，主语＋should/could/would/might＋动词原形。
语料输入——必备素材
If I had followed my parents' advice at that time，I would not have encountered so many difficulties in life.要是我那时听从了父母的建议，我就不会在生活中遇到那么多的困难。
三层固基达标训练
03
层级一
层级二
层级三
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．To my _____________(entertain)，the cat jumped up in panic when seeing the cucumber.
2．The general proposed that they _____________(cease) firing and negotiate a compromise.
3．He declined ______(give) any information on the presidential election.
4．The truck hit the car，and the driver was killed ________ (instant)．
entertainment
(should) cease
to give
instantly
5．She was blown off her feet by the shock wave from the _________ (explode)．
6．A large number of new ______ (gift) people have emerged in the academic world.
7．If you ___________(prepare) for the exam more carefully，you could have passed it.
explosion
gifted
had prepared
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．I really admire the manager because he is gifted _____ resolving problems efficiently.
2．I don't know the man to _____ you spoke just now near the school gate.
3．He carefully figured ___ what time the first train would pass by.
4．Industrial production has declined __ 20% since 2018.
5．Turning to adults ___ help shows that you are much more mature.
in/at
whom
out
by
for
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．Right now，there are about 1，000 artificial satellites ________ (orbit) the earth.
2．The plan is designed to motivate employees to work more _________
(efficient)．
3．Science and technology are part of the __________(produce) forces.
4．The condition prevents the blood from ___________ (circulate) freely.
orbiting
efficiently
productive
circulating
5．She ________ (overcome) injury to win the gold medal in the Tokyo Olympics.
6．Many companies make an annual __________ (evaluate) of their employees.
7．The view of the case ________ (occur) to me suddenly just now.
8．The doctor told him ____________ (specific) not to smoke any more.
overcame
evaluation
occurred
specifically
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．At the weekend，there are always a mass__people shopping in the supermarket.
2．Similar to other rockets，the Electron rocket splits____ two parts once it reaches outer space.
3．The ban on plastic bags is to preserve the environment ____ being polluted.
4．My grandpa is dedicated __ education in spite of his advanced age.
5．I have called you several times，but you were not in __ coincidence.
of
into
from
to
by
Ⅰ.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2022·全国甲卷)After our third run Andrew shut down the engine，and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break，I to explore the city. __
A．跑步 B．经营 C．旅程，航程
C
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)For example，most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly，we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined. __
A．固定的；不变的 B．经常的 C．重复的
A
3．(2019·北京卷)For football and basketball，adding talented players to a team proves a good method，but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent；above that level，the team's performance begins to decline. __
A．谢绝；婉拒 B．减少 C．衰退
C
Ⅱ.长难语句(分析句子的结构并将句子翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·全国乙卷)Today's figures，according to one government official，show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities(设施) and healthier eating in schools.
化繁为简 本句为主从复合句。主句主干为Today's figures...show the positive influence...。其中，according to one government official为插入语， the sugar tax is having为省略关系代词的____从句，修饰先行词 influence；介宾短语by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities and healthier eating in schools在句子中作________。
[尝试翻译]据一位政府官员说，今天的数字显示了含糖税的积极影响，它为体育设施和学校的健康饮食筹集了数百万英镑。
定语
方式状语
2．(2021·全国甲卷)Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe，a local high point，I came across a small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the fresh snow.
化繁为简 本句是____句。主语是I，谓语是___________________。动词-ing形式短语Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe在句中作状语，a local high point是地点名词Shutlingsloe的______。
[尝试翻译]沿着一条穿过森林的小径，朝着当地的一个高点舒特林斯洛走去，我发现了一块小空地，立刻注意到枯黄的草映衬着新鲜的积雪。
简单
came across和noticed
同位语
三维提能培优训练
04
维度一
维度二
维度三
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
It's really hard for us 1.________ (single) out the premier discovery of the 20th century，because so many 2._______ (amaze) discoveries were made in such a large number of scientific 3.______
(area)．Here are some pioneers of scientists.
to single
amazing
areas
Albert Einstein 4.__________ (discover)the “E＝mc2” when he was taking care of his little baby.Alexander Fleming made another finding：a kind of blue mould，later 5.______ (call) penicillin，could be used to kill bacteria.Eckert and Mauchly invented 6.___ world's first computer so as to improve the 7.________ (accurate) of the US Navy's missiles.Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web，8._____ enabled computers all over the world to communicate 9.____ each other.
The breakthroughs of these pioneers have changed the world 10._________ (complete)．
discovered
called
the
accuracy
which
with
completely
Step 1.要点提示(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)
①斯蒂芬·霍金在21岁时被诊断为肌肉萎缩性侧索硬化症。
Stephen Hawking was diagnosed with ALS ______________．
②他的病情恶化了；他丧失了说话能力，他的手也动不了了。
__________________________；he lost his speech and the use of his hands.
at the age of 21
His illness got/became worse
③在过去几十年里，他的身体机能在衰退；他从未停止过研究，对黑洞有了许多新的想法。
His physical abilities ___________________；he never ceased his studies and he developed ___________________ about black holes.
④霍金认为我们应该用一种不同的方式去发现宇宙最深处的秘密。科学家们应该把他们已经有的想法汇集起来。
He argued that we should look for a different way __________________
___________________ and scientists should ___________ the ideas that they already have.
declined over decades
a number of new ideas
to discover the deepest
secrets of the universe
put together
⑤在奥运会开幕式上，他鼓励电视观众要保持好奇心。
At the opening of the Olympics，he made a speech to encourage TV audiences ___________．
⑥尽管霍金患有疾病，但他并不认为自己是个不幸的人。
__________ his disease，Hawking didn't consider himself an unlucky man.
to be curious
In spite of
⑦他说，这并没有阻碍他拥有家庭，也没有阻碍他在工作中取得成功。
He said it had not ____________________________________________
___________________．
⑧他认为自己的成功源于家人的支持和许多人及机构的帮助。
He believed his success was ________________ he received from his family and a lot of people and organisations.
prevented him from having a family，and being
successful in his work
because of the help
Step 2.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
Stephen Hawking was diagnosed with ALS at the age of 21.As his illness got/became worse，he lost his speech and the use of his hands.Although his physical abilities declined over decades，he never ceased his studies and he developed a number of new ideas about black holes.He argued that we should look for a different way to discover the
deepest secrets of the universe and scientists should put together the ideas that they already have.At the opening of the Olympics，he made a speech to encourage TV audiences to be curious.In spite of his disease，Hawking didn't consider himself an unlucky man.He said it had not prevented him from having a family，and being successful in his work.He believed his success was because of the help he received from his family and a lot of people and organizations.
Step 1.储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
动作描写 环境描写
launch vt.开始从事；发起
overcome vt.克服；战胜；受到……的极大影响
boil v.(使)沸腾；用开水煮；怒火中烧
donate vi.& vt.捐赠，捐献 garbage n.垃圾
mass n.一团；大堆
Step 2.尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段)
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡衔接词完成以下语段。
在非洲旅行时，汉斯(Hans)看到一个人把食物扔进垃圾桶，在它旁边有一群孩子正在寻找可以吃的东西。他怒不可遏，完全被悲伤所征服。一个伟大的想法出现在他的脑海，即他可以为那些可怜的孩子捐赠食物。他一回到家，就发起了一场反对饥饿的运动。
When travelling in Africa，Hans saw a guy throwing food into the garbage can，beside which a mass of kids were looking for something to eat.He boiled with anger and was totally overcome by sadness.A grand idea emerged in his mind that he could donate food for those poor children.The instant he returned home，he launched a campaign against starvation.
