人教版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land知识点导学案（无答案）

选 修 二 unit 4 知识点汇总讲义
一、 英译汉
1.airline n.　 2.bay n.
3.craft n. 4.antique n. adj.
5.literally adv. 6.awesome adj.
7.spectacular adj. n. 8.peak n.
9.highlight n. vt. 10.mall n.　
11.grizzly bear n. 12.anticipate vt.
13.duration n. 14.alongside prep. adv.
15.steel n. 16.toast n. vt. vi.
17.goat n.
二、 汉译英
1 _____ vi.& vt. (使)加入；注册；登记
2. ____ n. 习语；成语
3. ____ adj. 相反的；相对立的 n. 相反的事实(或事情)
4. __ vi.& vt.钻(孔)；打(眼) n．钻(头)；训练；演习
5. __ n．束；串；捆
6. __ vi.打雷；轰隆隆地响；轰隆隆地快速移动 n．雷声；轰隆声
7. ____ n．窗帘
9. __ n．(海)港；港口
10. n. 霜；严寒天气；霜冻vt. 使蒙上霜vi. 结霜
11. vi.起身；出现；由……引起
12. adj.准备前往(某地)；一定会
13. n．风景；景色
14. adv. 不过；反正
15. vi. 行进；继续做
16. n. 岸；滨
17. n. 黄昏；傍晚
18. n. 口音
三、派生词汇
1.breath n．呼吸的空气→ adj.气喘吁吁的→ v．呼吸
2.mass n．团；堆；许多；大量→ adj.巨大的；非常严重的
3.freeze vi.& vt.(froze，frozen) 结冰；(使)冻住→ adj.极冷的；冰冻的→ adj.结冰的；冻僵的；冷冻的
4.astonish vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊→ n．吃惊，惊讶→ adj.惊讶的→ adj.令人惊讶的
5.mist n．薄雾；水汽→ adj.多雾的；模糊的
6.advertise v．做广告；登广告；宣传→ n．广告；启事→ n．广告商
7.photograph n．照片vt.给……照相→ n．摄影师；拍照者→ n．摄影；摄影术
8.pleasant adj.令人愉快的；友好的→ n．愉快；开心 → adj.高兴的； 满意
四 重点短语
1. 一束；一串；一群；大量
2. 相反的；相对立的
3. 　　令人惊叹
4. 极冷的；冻僵的
5. 进而做(参加)
6. .　　　 欠(某人人情)；把……归功于某人
7. 相比之下
8. 上升；增加
9. 站在远处
10. 去闹市区
11.in addition to_____________
12.be home to______________
13.be impressed by_____________
14.be unique to________________
15.be bound to________________
16.pay attention to_____________
17.be fascinated by_____________
18.translate…….into_____________
19.later on_____________________
20.be close to__________________
21.owe……to___________________
22.set off______________________
23.note…..down________________
24.dress up______________________
e across___________________
26.be suitable for_________________
五、知识详解
1.arise vi.起身;出现;由……引起
知识延伸
________________________由……引起;因……产生
arise from one’s seat_____________________
词义辨析
单词 词义 过去式/过去分词
arise 不及物动词;起身;出现;由……引起 arose/arisen
rise 不及物动词;
raise 及物动词;
选词填空
rise,arise,raise
(1)The meeting will discuss the matters 　　　　　from the recent changes in the law.
(2)The sun 　　　　　in the east and sets in the west.
(3)More TV programs will be produced 　　　　　people’s concern over food safety.
(4)When difficulties 　　　　　,you can turn to me for help.
(5)Don’t worry.We are well prepared to deal with all the problems that may 　　　　　.
(6)他意识到他的大部分错误都源于考试时的紧张。
He recognized that most of his mistakes 　　　　　　　　　　his nervousness in the exam.
2.breath n.呼吸的空气
知识延伸
(1)take sb’s breath away ___________________
___________________ 屏住呼吸
___________________喘不上气
take a deep breath___________________
bad breath___________________
(2)breathe v.呼吸
breathe in___________________
___________________呼出
breathe a sigh of relief长舒一口气
(3)breathtaking adj.令人惊叹的
知识运用
held our breath,out of breath,took our breath away,took a deep breath
(1)He went 　　　　　　　　　after running for half an hour.
(2)We 　　　　　　　　　　　when Mr Evans read the exam results.
(3)As the music began,I 　　　　　　　　　　　and tried to calm down.
(4)When we reached the top of the mountain,the beauty of the scenery 　　　　　.
3.bound adj.准备前往(某地);一定会
知识延伸
northbound/southbound/eastbound/westbound向北/向南/向东/向西行进的
___________________准备前往
homeward bound返家途中
___________________一定会
知识运用
(1)You’ve done so much work;you’re bound 　　　　　(pass) the exam.
(2)飞往地震灾区的飞机装着食物和医疗用品。
The planes 　　　　　the earthquake stricken area carried food and medical supplies.
4.freezing adj.极冷的;冰冻的
知识延伸
(1)above/below freezing冰点以上/以下
____________________冰点
(2)______________adj.冷冻的,冻僵的
freeze v.结冰
be frozen with fear被吓呆了
知识运用
(1)It is known to all that water 　　　　　at 0℃.
(2)It’s 　　　　　cold outside,so you’d better put on more clothes.
(3)The snake was 　　　　　on the road.
5.anticipate vt.预料;预见;期望
(1)_______________________..据预测……
__________________________预计做某事;期待做某事
anticipate sb’s arrival__________________________
anticipate a change in weather_____________________
(2)________________n.预期;预料;期待,希望
happy/eager/excited anticipation愉快的/殷切的/激动的期盼
____________________期待
知识运用
(1)Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than 　　　　　(anticipate).
(2)What is your 　　　　　(anticipate) salary
(3)I didn’t anticipate 　　　　　(have) to do the cooking myself.
(4)In 　　　　　(anticipate) of bad weather they take plenty of warm clothes.
(5)人们预计明年的利率会下调。
　　　 　　　　　　　　　next year interest rates will fall.
6.“not...until...”结构的强调句型
知识延伸
(1)not...until...结构意为“直到……才……”。until后既可以接表示时间的词语,也可以接时间状语从句。
(2)强调句型的基本结构为“It is/was...that/who...”。用强调句型对“not...until...”进行强调时,要把not until放在一起进行强调,且应用that引导从句,故其结构为“It is/was not until...that...”。
(3)not until放在句首时,句子或主句要使用部分倒装结构。
知识运用
(1)Bach died in 1750,but it was not until the early 19th century 　　　　　his musical gift was fully recognized.
(2)直到将近信的末尾,她才提到了自己的计划。

(3)直到我来到这里,我才意识到这个地方不仅以它的美丽而闻名,而且它的天气也很有名。

7.contrary adj.相反的;相对立的　n.相反的事实(或事情)
知识延伸
____________________________________相反的建议/观点/论点
contrary current_________________
contrary wind_________________
___________________与……相反;违反
on the contrary___________________
知识运用
(1)他给人的感觉是他在巴黎玩得不开心。相反的是,他玩得很开心。
He seems to be giving the impression that he didn’t enjoy himself in Paris.　　　　 　　　　　,he had a wonderful time.
(2)与很多人想象的相反,鲨鱼很少攻击人类。
　　　 　　　　　what many people might assume,sharks seldom attack humans.
8.proceed vi.行进;继续做
知识延伸
proceed with sth继续某事
_______________________继续做某事
_______________________前去……
知识运用
(1)Travis paused to consult his notes,then proceeded 　　　　　his questions.
(2)Patrick said he liked my work,but then proceeded 　　　　　(tell) me everything was wrong with it.
(3)Passengers for Miami flight should proceed 　　　　　Gate 25.
9.astonish vt.使十分惊讶;使吃惊
知识延伸
(1)astonish vt.使惊讶;使惊骇
_________________ adj.令人惊讶的
_________________ n.震惊
__________________ 因做某事而感到惊讶
__________________.对……感到吃惊
__________________令人惊讶的是
(2)与astonish词性变化形式相似的动词有interest,surprise,excite,bore,amaze,annoy,please,tire,worry,satisfy,amuse等。
知识运用
(1)After being offered the position,I was completely 　　　　　(astonish).
(2)To our 　　　　　,he ran 1,000 meters in such an 　　　　　speed.(astonish)
(3)We were astonished 　　　　　(find) the temple still in its original condition.
10.owe vt.欠(账、债、情等)
知识延伸
__________________=__________________欠某人某物
_________________欠(某人情);把……归功于某人
_________________________ 自己应该做某事
___________________因为;由于
知识运用
(1)　　　　　(owe) to lack of time,we cannot do more than what we have done.
(2)他认为他的成功是靠运气而不是因为自己有能力。
He 　　　　　his success more 　　　　　luck than to ability.
(3)我真的认为你应该为你的所作所为向这位男士道歉。
I really think you 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　for what you have done.
【基础词汇练】
1.Alice was very glad to find her in such a 　　　(please) temper.
2.The mountain 　　　(peak) are covered with snow all the year.
3.This is an automatic reply, 　　　(confirm) that your e-mail has been received.
4.I took what he said 　　　(literal), but he really meant something else.
5.　　　(see) from the top of the hill, the school looks like a big garden.
6.While climbing up the stairs the old man always loses his 　　　(呼吸).
7.Sam has tried the climbing before, but the storm kept him from reaching the 　　　(顶峰).
8.The chairman quipped(打趣) that he would rather sell his 　　　(航空公司) than his computer systems.
9.He used to live in a dark room with dirty 　　　(窗帘) hanging in front of the windows.
10.The same principle was used in a method of 　　　(drill) in oilfields.
11.Soldiers has temporarily closed the 　　　(边界) between the two countries.
12.I felt an urge to go out and buy a big 　　　(束) of flowers to fill the living room.
13.The sky had clouded over very quickly. 　　　(雷) and lightning were promised(预示).
14.It's very cold today; the temperature has dropped below 　　　(冰冻的) point.
15.Poor family relationship is bound 　　　　　(leave) its mark on the children.
16.Emotional or mental problems can arise 　　　　　a physical cause.
17.It took us a few minutes to get our 　　　　　(breathe) back after the race.
18.He bought extra food in 　　　　　(anticipate) of more people coming than he’d invited.
19.He outlined his plans and then proceeded 　　　　　(explain) them in more detail.
20.He 　　　　　(astonish) to see how his home town had changed in the past 10 years.
21.It was not until he took off his sunglasses 　　　　　I recognized him.
22.If you want to sell your house property,why not put an 　　　　　(advertise) in the newspaper
23.Even more serious difficulties include the 　　　　　(freeze) weather conditions and the heavy storms.
24.My sister became a 　　　　　(photograph),going around the world with her camera.
【选词练】
pull back; start out; take one's breath away; all the way; wake up
1.I 　　　　　　 the curtains and saw a large plane flying outside.
2.Everywhere she turned she saw something that 　　　　　　.
3.Are you going to deliver lectures 　　　　　　home
4.When we 　　　　　　 again, the streets were filled with people.
5.But every day they get up, that old fear 　　　　　　 with them.
【句型练】
1.总的说来,那是个极大的成功。
　　　 　　　 　　　, it was a great success.
2.我走到他的办公室,深吸了一口气,打开了门。
I walked to his office, 　　 　　 　　 　　, and opened the door.
3.当参观纽约时,游客应坐船在曼哈顿转一圈。
When visiting New York City, tourists should 　　 　　 　　 　　
around Manhattan.
【阅读练】
A
It was a rainy day. I had no desire to drive up the winding mountain road to my daughter Carolyn's house. But she had insisted that I come to see something at the peak of the mountain.
So here I was, although unwilling to make the two-hour journey through mist and rain. After lunch, my daughter requested me to drive her to Barage. After a ten-minute drive,we parked the car and got out. We walked along a path that was thick with old pine needles. Huge black green evergreens towered over us. Gradually the peace and silence of the place began to fill my mind. Then we turned a corner and stopped—and I gasped in amazement.
From the peak of the mountain to the slopes and valleys were rivers of daffodils(水仙) in full bloom. A sea of amazing colors, was like a carpet before us. It looked as though the sun had tipped over and spilled gold down the mountainside. At the center hung a waterfall of purple hyacinths. Here and there were breathtaking tulips.
So many questions filled my mind. Who created such beauty Why How
As we approached home, we saw a sign that read “Answers to the Questions I Know You Are Asking.” The first answer was: “One Woman—Two Hands, Two Feet, and Very Little Brain.” The second was: “One at a Time.” The third: “Started in 1958.”
I was so moved by what we had seen. “She changed the world,” I said, not getting over the shock. “One bulb(球茎) at a time. She started almost 40 years ago. It was probably just the beginning of an idea, but she kept at it.”
“Imagine,” I added, “if I had a vision and worked at it, just a little bit every day, what might I have accomplished ”
Carolyn looked sideways at me, smiling. “Start tomorrow,” she said, “better yet, start today.”
1.What does the underlined word “hyacinths” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to
A.A kind of flower.
B.Famous waterfalls.
C.Mountain springs.
D.The name of a place.
2.What did the author learn from the sign
A.Easier said than done.
B.Well begun, half done.
C.Women can shake the world.
D.Little steps add up to big success.
3.What is the best title of the passage
A.An Amazing Trip to Barage
B.A Moving Story of a Mother's Love
C.A Special Sign on the Way Home
D.A Valuable Lesson From a Woman
【语法填空练】
Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian went to Canada to visit their cousins in Halifax on the Atlantic coast. Before starting out, they spent a couple of days in Vancouver, seeing the 　1　(sight). On the morning of departure, the two girls arose early 　2　(take) the train to Lake Louise, passing through the Canadian Rockies. They spent the night, and then took 　3　coach bound north through the Canadian Rockies to Jasper. From Jasper, they caught the train towards Toronto. One of the train's first stops 　4　(be) in Edmonton, the provincial capital of Alberta, the centre of Canada's huge oil and gas 　5　(drill) industry. From Edmonton, the train headed southeast across the great Canadian Prairie. They went through two wheat-growing provinces, 　6　 they saw a bunch of farms that covered a very large area. After another day on the train, 　7　(eventual) they were back in the city of Winnipeg. From there, they travelled through the night, and woke up in Ontario. The train 　8　(thunder) on, through the rolling hills. Night came again, and the train turned south towards Toronto. When they woke up the next morning, they could see the wide stretch of Lake Huron. It was not until 9:30 a.m. 　9　 they finally reached the capital of Ontario, Toronto. All in all, 　10　(they)trip from Vancouver to Toronto had taken a duration of four days.
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　
6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.