(共77张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Extended reading
& Project & Assessment
Ⅰ.核心词汇
1．____________ n. 食品杂货；食品杂货店
2．____________ n. 烟斗；管子；管乐器
3．____________ n. 大腿部
4．____________ n. 出纳员；叙述者
5．____________ n. 公寓
adj. 平坦的；瘪了的
6．____________ n. 租金
vi. & vt. 租用；出租
7．____________ n. 数字；人物；体型，身材
8．____________ adv. 在市中心，往市中心
grocery
pipe
lap
teller
flat
rent
figure
downtown
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ n．账户；描述；解释 vt.认为是，视为→________ n．会计师
2．________ adj.安心的；可靠的；牢固的→________ adj.不安全的；不牢靠的→________ adv.安全地；牢固地→________ n．安全，安全工作；保证
3．________ vi. & vt.毕业 n．毕业生→________ n．毕业；毕业典礼
account
accountant
secure
insecure
securely
security
graduate
graduation
4．________ vi.聚集，召集 vt.收拢；搜集，收集；聚集→________ n．聚集；集会
5．________ n．突发事件，紧急情况→________ adj.新出现的，新兴的
6．________ vi. & vt.自愿做，义务做 n．志愿者→________ adj.自愿的；志愿的；自发的
gather
gathering
emergency
emergent
volunteer
voluntary
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．________________ 数(出)某物，不把……算在内
2．________________ 把某物放在一边
3．________________ 自豪，高兴； 以……而骄傲
4．________________ 簇拥，聚集在
5．________________ 取下
6．________________ 放弃
7．________________ 照顾；照看
8．________________ 去市中心
9．________________ 提取，支取
10．________________ 依赖，依靠
11．________________ 第一次
count out
put sth. to the side
be proud of
gather around
take down
give up
look after
go downtown
draw...out of...
depend upon/on
for the first time
Ⅳ.重点句型
无论发生什么事，我们总是知道我们还有那个银行可以依靠。
_________________， we always knew we still had the Bank to depend upon.
Whatever happened
根据课文内容选择正确答案
1．What gave the family a warm, secure feeling in the rough time
A．Papa's money.
B．The big silver pieces.
C．The family meeting at Saturday night.
D．Mama's Bank Account.
D
2．When did they open their “Little Bank”？
A．On a Saturday night.
B．When they met sudden emergencies.
C．When Nels graduated from grammar school.
D．When they didn't want to go to the Bank.
B
3．Why did they feel very good when they didn't have to go downtown
A．They had got enough money.
B．They didn't need to use Mama's Bank Account.
C．They all didn't like to go downtown.
D．They had the “Little Bank”．
B
4．Why did Mama say that she had a Bank Account in downtown
A.She wanted to cheat the children.
B．She always expected to have her own Bank Account.
C.She wanted to get money from the Bank.
D．She wanted the children always had the Bank to depend upon.
D
[词汇注释]
①account/ 'ka nt/n.账户；描述；解释 vt.认为是，视为
give an account of描述
account for占(一定比例或数量)；是……的原因；解释
②count out数(出)某物；不把……算在内
count in把……计算在内
count on/upon依靠，指望
③rent/rent/n.租金
vi. & vt.租用；出租
rent...from...从……租赁……
rent...to...把……出租给……
④grocery/'gr s ri/n.食品杂货；食品杂货店
⑤put sth. to the side把某物放在一起
⑥with anxious interest饶有兴趣地
⑦be proud of自豪，得意；以……为骄傲
take pride in因……而自豪
⑧secure/s 'kj (r)/adj.安心的；可靠的；牢固的
⑨such a...feeling如此……的感觉
⑩graduate/'ɡr d ue t/vi. & vt.毕业/'ɡr d u t/n.毕业生
eagerly adv.热切地；渴望地；渴求地
gather/'ɡ (r)/vi.聚集，集合 vt.收拢；搜集，收集；聚集
gather around簇拥，聚集在
take down取下
lay v．安放，放置(过去式和过去分词都为laid)
emergency/i'm d nsi/n.突发事件，紧急情况
emergent adj.新兴的
list v．列清单；把……列入一览表；(被)列入价目表
n．清单，目录
make a list of列个清单
volunteer/ v l n't (r)/
vt. & vi.主动建议(或告诉)；自愿做，义务做 n．志愿者
volunteer to do主动做……
pipe/pa p/n.烟斗；管子；管乐器
give up放弃
give up smoking戒烟
reach across the table伸长手臂去够桌子另一端的东西
reach伸，伸手
across从一边到另一边
figure/'fiɡ (r)/n.数字；人物；体形，身材
look after照顾；照看
同义短语：care for, attend to, take care of
downtown/ da n'ta n/ adv.在市中心，往市中心
go downtown去市中心
draw sth. out of sth.提取，支取
operation/ p 're n/n.手术；运转，操作
depend upon依赖，依靠
(＝depend on)
depend upon还可表示“取决于”。
hurry over迅速移动；快点结束；赶紧办完
lap/l p/n.大腿部
for the first time第一次，作状语
the first time第一次，名词词组，可用作连词，连接句子。
silver adj.银色的；银白色的；银灰色的 n．银
a silver coin一枚银币
a silver necklace一条银项链
hand vt.交；递；给
teller/'tel (r)/n.出纳员；叙述者
pay it into把它存入
be inside...在……里面
句中good用了斜体，表示强调。
feel secure感到安全
adapt v．改编
adapted from改编自……
形似：adopt v．采纳；收养
[教材原文]
Mama and Her Bank Account①
Every Saturday night Mama would sit down by the kitchen table and count out② the money Papa had brought home [1].
[1]省略了引导词that/which的定语从句
“For the rent③.” Mama would count out the big silver pieces.
“For the groceries④.” Another group of coins.
“I'll need a notebook.” That would be my sister Christine, my brother Nels or me.
Mama would put one or two coins to the side⑤. We would watch with anxious interest⑥. At last, Papa would ask, “Is that all？” And when Mama nodded, we could relax a little. Mama would look up and smile, “Good. We do not have to go to the Bank.” We were all so proud of⑦ Mama's Bank Account. It gave us such a warm, secure⑧ feeling⑨.
When Nels graduated⑩ from grammar school, he wanted to go on to high school. “It will cost a little money，” he said.
Eagerly we gathered around the table. I took down a box and laid it carefully in front of Mama. This was the “Little Bank”. It was used for sudden emergencies ， such as the time when Christine broke her arm and had to be taken to a doctor [2].
[2]when引导的定语从句，修饰the time
Nels listed the costs of the things he would need [3]. Mama counted out the money in the Little Bank. There was not enough. “We do not want to go to the Bank，” she reminded. We all shook our heads.
[3]省略了引导词的定语从句
“I will work in Dillon's grocery after school，” Nels volunteered .
Mama gave him a bright smile and wrote down a number. “That's not enough，” Papa said. Then he took his pipe out of his mouth and looked at it for a long time. “I will give up smoking，” he said suddenly.
Mama reached across the table and touched Papa's arm. Then she wrote down another figure .
“I will look after the Elvington children every Friday night，” I said. “Christine can help me.”
Now there was enough money. We all felt very good because we did not have to go downtown and draw money out of Mama's Bank Account.
So many things came out of the Little Bank that year: Christine's dress for the school play, my little sister Dagmar's operation ...Whatever happened [4], we always knew we still had the Bank to depend upon .
[4]whatever引导的让步状语从句
That was twenty years ago.
Last year I sold my first story. When the check came, I hurried over to Mama's and put it in her lap . “For you，” I said, “to put in your Bank Account.”
I noticed for the first time how old Mama and Papa looked. Papa seemed shorter, and Mama's hair was silver now.
“Tomorrow，” I told Mama, “you must take it to the Bank.”
“You will go with me, Katrin？”
“That won't be necessary. Just hand it to the teller . He'll pay it into your account.”
Mama looked at me. “There is no account，” she said. “In all my life, I've never been inside a bank.”
And when I didn't—couldn't—answer, Mama said seriously, “It is not good for little ones to be afraid—to not feel secure .”
(Adapted from Kathryn Forbes's Mama's Bank Account, which has 17 short stories and describes the struggles and dreams of a family in San Francisco in the early 1900s)
[汉语译文]
妈妈的银行账户
每个星期六的晚上，妈妈都会坐在餐桌旁，清点爸爸带回家的钱。
“这些付房租。”妈妈会先把大面额银币点出来。
“这些买生活用品。”又是一摞硬币。
“我需要一个笔记本。”说这话的，通常是我的妹妹克里斯蒂娜，或是我的哥哥内尔斯，要不就是我。
妈妈听完会拿出一两个硬币到一旁。我们几个都紧张地看着。最后，爸爸会问：“就这些了？”妈妈点点头，我们几个都稍稍松了口气。妈妈会抬起头，微笑着说：“太好了，我们不用去银行啦。”我们所有人都为妈妈的银行账户感到十分自豪，它给我们一种如此温暖、安全的感觉。
从文法学校毕业后，内尔斯想继续读中学。“上学要花点儿钱。”他说。
于是一家人又急切地围到了餐桌旁。我取下一个盒子，小心翼翼地放在妈妈面前。这个小盒子是我们的“小金库”。它是用来应对家中不时之需的(emergency n．突发事件)，比如有一回，克里斯蒂娜摔断了胳膊，必须得送医。
内尔斯先列出了他所需物品的开支清单。妈妈清点了“小金库”里所有的钱——还是不够。“大家都不想动银行里的存款吧！”妈妈提醒。我们几个都摇了摇头。
“我放学后可以去狄龙的杂货店打工。”内尔斯自告奋勇。
妈妈给了哥哥一个灿烂的笑容，然后记下一个数字。“还是不够。”爸爸说。然后他取下了嘴里的烟斗，对着它端详了半晌。“我把烟戒了。”他冷不丁地说。
妈妈把手伸到桌子对面，摸摸爸爸的胳膊。然后她记下了另一个数字。
“我每周五晚上可以去照看埃尔温顿家的孩子，”我说，“克里斯蒂娜可以帮我。”
现在钱终于凑足了。大家都很开心，因为我们不用去城里从妈妈的银行账户里取钱了。
那一年，“小金库”应付了很多事：克里斯蒂娜参加学校演出的裙子、我小妹妹达格玛的手术……无论发生什么，我们一直都知道，最后还有妈妈的银行账户这个靠山。
一转眼二十年过去了。
去年，我卖出了我的第一部小说。拿到支票后，我迫不及待冲到妈妈家里，把支票放到她膝上。“给您的，”我说，“存到您的银行账户里吧！”
我第一次注意到，爸爸妈妈看起来苍老了好多。爸爸似乎变矮了，而妈妈如今已是满头银发。
“明天，”我跟妈妈说，“您一定要把这笔钱存到银行里。”
“你会跟我一块儿去的吧，凯特琳？”
“没必要啦，您把支票交给出纳员就好，他会帮您把钱存进您的账户的。”
妈妈看着我。“根本就没有银行账户，”她说，“我这辈子压根都没踏进过银行一步。”
我不知该回应什么——也无法回应，这时，妈妈郑重地说道：“让小孩子担惊受怕，心里不踏实，是不好的。”
(改编自凯瑟琳·福布斯的《妈妈的银行账户》。这本书由17个小故事组成，描绘了20世纪初旧金山一家人的奋斗和梦想。)
第一版块|重点词汇诠释
1 account n．账户，账目；说明，解释；叙述，描述 vt.认为是，视为 vi.解释，说明；占（一定比例或数量）
account for 是……的原因；解释；(数量上、比例上)占
open/close an account 开户/销户
give an account of... 描述……
The bad weather may have accounted for the delay.
天气不好可能是延误的原因。
She couldn't account for her spying on me.
她无法解释监视我的原因。
Students account for the majority of our customers.
我们的顾客大多数是学生。
The event was accounted a success.人们认为这次活动是成功的。
I've opened an account at that bank.我在那家银行开了一个账户。
He was too shocked to give an account of what had happened on the spot.他震惊得无法描述现场所发生的事情。
归纳拓展
take...into account/take account of...考虑到/顾及……
on account of因为，由于
on no account决不，绝对不
accountant n．会计，会计师
语境助记
They were prevented from returning home on account of the sudden rain. Besides, taking safety into account, they decided to stay in the tent for another night. These accounted for their absence from school, so it was accounted an awful day.
因为突然下雨，他们不能回家。而且出于安全考虑，他们决定在帐篷里再待一晚。这些就是他们缺课的原因，因此他们认为那是糟糕的一天。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①In modern man, the brain accounts ________ about 2－3% of total body weight, but it consumes 25% of the body's energy when the body is at rest.
②If they had taken everything ________ account, they would not have made such a mistake.
③When questioned, he was too shocked to give an account ________ what had happened.
结合account的用法完成句子
④教授警告学生说在他的课上绝对不要使用手机。
The professor warned the students that __________ should they use mobile phones in his class.
⑤要开户你需要你的身份证和一些钱。
To ______________， you need your ID card and some money.
for
into
of
on no account
open an account
2 rent n．租金 vi. & vt.租用；出租
rent sth. from sb. 从某人那里租用某物
rent sth. (out) (to sb.) 把某物出租(给某人)
rent sb. sth. 把某物出租给某人
rent at/for 以……价格出租
The rents of the houses near the schools are too high for common workers.
那些靠近学校的房子的租金对于一般的工人来说太高了。
We are renting this house from Mr. Smith.
我们打算从史密斯先生那里租这栋房子。
She agreed to rent the basement (out) to me at ￥200 a month.
她同意将地下室以每月200元的价格出租给我。
The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars, and for companies to operate driverless taxi services.
政府也为公司出售或租赁自动驾驶汽车以及运行无人驾驶出租车服务扫清了障碍。
The apartment rents for $500 a month.
这套公寓每月租金为500美元。
词语辨析 rent, hire与employ
(1)rent指长时间“出租；租用”，宾语一般是房屋、土地等
They rented a house from Mr. Smith.他们租用了史密斯先生的一套房子。
(2)hire指短期、临时或一次性“雇用；租用”，宾语可以是人，也可以是物
They hired a boat and went fishing.他们租了一条船去钓鱼了。
(3)employ指长时间“雇用”，宾语一般是人
He employed the girl as a typist.他雇用那个女孩为打字员。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①We had moved into a ________ (rent) house.
②William rented his land ________ us ________ ￡500 a year.
③I don't have enough money to buy a car, so I have to rent one ________ others.
④Last summer Brian Williams rented ________ his house and went camping.
rented
to
at/for
from
out
3 secure adj.安心的；可靠的；牢固的；安全的 vt.保护，使安全
(1)feel secure about... 对……感到安心
be secure against/from.... 没有……的危险
(2)secure...against/from.... 保护……免受……
(3)(反)insecure adj. 无把握的；不牢靠的
securely adv. 安全地；稳固地
security n. [U]安全，平安；保护措施，安全工作
At last they were able to feel secure about the future.
他们终于能够对将来感到安心了。
There are no secure jobs these days.
如今已经没有铁饭碗了。
Some measures are needed to secure the bank from floods.
(我们)需要采取一些措施保护这道堤以免被洪水冲坏。
即学即练 完成句子
①后来，她和父亲与一个超市老板进行了第一次商务会谈，这个老板最终同意出售摩尔的产品——CanCandy。
Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a super-market owner, ________ finally agreed to sell Moore's product—CanCandy.
②必须把资料保存起来，这样才不至于意外删除。
Information must be stored so that it is __________ accidental deletion.
who
secure from
4 graduate vi. & vt.毕业 n．大学毕业生
(1)graduate from... 毕业于……学校
graduate in... 毕业于……专业
(2)graduation n. 毕业
We haven't got a chance to talk face to face ever since we graduated from university.
我们自大学毕业后一直没有面对面交流的机会。
He graduated in law from Oxford University.
他是牛津大学法学专业毕业的。
He's a graduate of Yale.他是耶鲁大学的毕业生。
语境助记
Lily was a graduate who graduated from Beijing Normal University. She graduated in English. After graduation, she became a teacher in her hometown.
莉莉是一名毕业于北京师范大学英语专业的毕业生，毕业之后她在她的家乡成了一名老师。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①They are the ________ (graduate) who graduated ________ Wuhan University and now are playing an important part in our company.
②Sarah graduated ________ physics ________ Cambridge University.
③By the time Jack returned home from England, his son ___________ (graduate) from college.
④After ________ (graduate) she reached a point in her career where she needed to decide what to do.
graduates
from
in
from
had graduated
graduation
5 gather vi.聚集，集合；搜集，采集；增加（速度、力量等） vt.收拢；搜集，收集；聚集
gather round/around 聚集；集合
gather together 聚集在一起
gather in 收割；收获
We'll gather at the Students' Club at 8：00 p．m. this Friday.
我们将于本周五晚上8点在学生俱乐部集合。
I chose an old tree and gathered everyone under it before I read.
朗读前，我选了一棵古树，把大家都聚集在树下。
Gather round and listen, children！孩子们，围拢过来听我说！
Give me a moment to gather my notes together.
给我点时间整理一下我的笔记。
The researcher's job is to gather information about people.
这位研究人员的工作是收集人们的信息。
The harvest has been safely gathered in.
庄稼已妥善收割完毕。
易混辨析 collect与gather的用法区别
①当表示“搜集；聚集”时，两者通常可以互换。
These little animals gather/collect nuts from the ground in the autumn.秋天，这些小动物们把地上的坚果收集起来。
They gathered/collected the leaves for burning.
他们把树叶扫拢烧掉了。
②两者的主要区别是：gather通常用来表示把分散的人或物聚拢在一起，还可用于表示将抽象的东西，例如力量、印象等聚集起来；而collect往往指为了特定目的，有条理、有计划地进行较为精心的搜集。所以像下例中的collect就不宜用gather代替。
My hobby is to collect stamps.我的爱好是集邮。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①After the meeting, many people gathered ____________ him and gave him their congratulations.
②The wheat is ripe. The farmers are gathering wheat ________ now.
③Members will ________ (gather) together on our English corner to talk freely under the instruction of our foreign teachers.
完成句子
④请新娘一家人聚在一起拍张照，好吗？
Could the bride's family all _____________ for a photo
⑤人们心中充满了感激，因为他们收割好了用来过冬的粮食，农活也结束了。
People are grateful because their food __________ for the winter and the agricultural work is over.
round/around
in
gather
gather together
is gathered
6 volunteer vi. & vt.主动建议（或告诉）；自愿做，义务做 n．志愿者
volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事
voluntary adj. 自愿的，主动的，志愿的
According to the research, people feel good when they volunteer to do something meaningful for other people.
根据这项研究，人们在自愿为他人做些有意义的事情时感觉良好。
She now helps in a local school as a volunteer three days a week.她现在作为一名志愿者在当地一所学校每周帮忙三天。
Are there any volunteers to help clear up
有自愿帮助清扫的人吗？
联想拓展
volunteer to do sth.的近义表达：
offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
be willing/ready to do sth. 愿意做某事
即学即练 单句语法填空
①My neighbors volunteered ________ (take) care of my pet dog while I was on vacation last summer.
②Over the last 30 years, the number of people taking part in ________ (volunteer) work has increased sharply.
③In front of a large supermarket, five ________ (volunteer) wore white plastic bags and walked through the crowd.
to take
voluntary
volunteers
7 figure n．数字；人物；体形，身材 vt.认为；认定，计算
(1)keep one's figure 保持身材
have a good figure 身材好
(2)figure out 弄明白，弄懂，弄清楚；计算(数量或成本)
Where did you get those figures？你是从哪儿得到那些数字的？
He has become a figure known to everyone.
他已经成为一个人人皆知的人物。
—I wonder how Mary has kept her figure after all these years.
我想知道这些年来玛丽是如何保持身材的。
—By working out every day.通过每天锻炼。
I saw a tall figure in black just now.
我刚看到一个黑衣高个子人影。
I figured that you wanted to see me about it.
我想你会为这件事想见我的。
If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people until you figure it out.
如果你不明白某些东西，你可以研究、学习、和别人交流，直到你弄明白为止。
即学即练 判断下列句子中的figure的词性及含义
①She can't stand others playing a joke on her figure._________
②It will be nice if we have a true figure of how many people in this country haven't got a job._________
③Tsinghua University is home to a great number of outstanding (优秀的) figures._________
④A figure in a blue dress appeared in the doorway._________
⑤It was pouring outside. So I figured you couldn't come to my party._____________
n.身材
n.数字
n.人物
n.人影
vt.认定，认为
8 operation n．手术；运转，操作；企业；公司；经营
(1)do/perform an operation on sb. 给某人动手术
come/go into operation 开始生效
in operation 工作中；使用中；有效
bring...into operation 使……开始运转
(2)operate vi. 运转；工作；经营，营业；开刀，动手术
vt. 使用；操作；经营，管理(企业或机构)
operate on sb. (for...) 给某人动手术(以治疗……)
(3)operator n. 电话接线员；操作者；经营者
Doctors performed an emergency operation for appendicitis last night.医生昨天晚上做了一个紧急阑尾炎手术。
Protective clothing must be worn when the machine is in operation.这台机器运转时，必须穿上防护服。
A scheme is being brought into operation to see how these changes would work.
正在实施一项方案以观察这些变化将如何发挥作用。
The sewing machine is a bit difficult for me to operate.
这台缝纫机对我来说有点儿难以操作。
The doctor had to reflect on how to operate on the patient.
医生必须认真考虑如何给病人动手术。
语境助记
Computers are much easier to operate．
电脑变得更容易操作了。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①Emergency line ________ (operate) must always stay calm and make sure that they get all the information they need to send help.
②Doctors spent several hours doing the ________ (operate) for her and the boy accompanied her all the time.
③Dr. Hunter got a phone call one night. He was asked to go to the hospital at once to operate ________ a seriously wounded boy.
operators
operation
on
9 scene n．（戏剧等）场；场面，片段；地点，现场；景象，风光；情景
on the scene 到场；出现
behind the scenes 在后台；在幕后；秘密地；背地里
the opening scene 开场
the scene of the crime/accident 犯罪/事故现场
a night scene 夜景
Thick black smoke rose over the scene.
在这一场景中，浓浓的黑烟滚滚升起。
The boats in the harbour at sunset make a beautiful scene.
日落时分港湾的船只构成了美丽的景象。
He could react jealously when and if another child comes on the scene.如果有别的孩子加入其中，他可能会表现得相当嫉妒。
Behind the scenes, both sides are working towards an agreement.双方在幕后努力想达成协议。
语境助记
They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England.
他们成为英格兰流行音乐界最热门的人物。
即学即练 写出下列各句中scene的含义
①The hero met the heroine in the opening scene of the play. __________
②She returned home to find a scene of mess.___________
③Having received an emergency call, the police were soon on the scene.______________
完成句子
④The police ______________ (到现场) within minutes. The murderer couldn't get away with it.
⑤Seeing _____________ (快乐的场景) of students playing basketball there, I can't help thinking of my school years.
(戏剧中的)场
情景；景象
发生地点，现场
were on the scene
the happy scene
10 response n．回复；反应，响应；回答
(1)in response to... 作为对……的答复/回应
make a/no response (to...) (对……)做出/不做答复/回应
(2)respond vi. & vt. 回答
vi. 回应；作出反应
respond to... 回答……；对……作出反应
She opened the door in response to the knock at the door.
听到敲门声，她打开了门。
He made no response to my question, and went on with his movie.
他没有回答我的问题，继续看他的电影。
When asked about the company's future, the director responded that he remained optimistic.
被问及公司的未来时，经理回答说他依然持乐观态度。
Knowing basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.
懂得基本的急救技能将有助于你对紧急情况迅速作出反应。
特别提示
respond常用作不及物动词，后接宾语时，要加介词to，这与reply的用法是一致的。而answer后直接接宾语。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded ________ the recordings.
②There were few people in ________ (respond) to Mr. Robinson's decision sympathetically.
一句多译
他没有回复我的信。
③_________________________ (response)
④_______________________ (respond)
to
response
He made no response to my letter.
He didn't respond to my letter.
第二版块|重点句型解构
(教材原句)Whatever happened, we always knew we still had the Bank to depend upon.
不管发生什么事，我们始终知道我们还有银行可以依靠。
[句式分析] 此句为主从复合句，其中whatever引导让步状语从句，whatever happened相当于no matter what happened，意为“无论发生什么”。
“疑问词＋-ever”引导让步状语从句
“疑问词＋－ever”类词whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever，wherever, whenever, however，它们可引导让步状语从句，通常可以转换为“no matter＋疑问词”。
Whatever (＝No matter what) happens, we must keep calm.
无论发生什么，我们都必须保持镇定。
Wherever (＝No matter where) I go, I always meet interesting people.无论我去哪里，我总会遇见有趣的人。
However (＝No matter how) carefully I explained, she still didn't understand.无论我解释得多么仔细，她仍然不明白。
名师点津
whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever还可引导名词性从句，此时不能转换为“no matter＋疑问词”。
You can take whichever book you like.你可以拿你喜欢的任何一本书。
I'll take whoever wants to go.谁想去我就带谁去。
即学即练 完成句子
①She has the window open, ________________________ (不管多冷) outside.
②__________________________ (不管你怎么努力尝试), it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.
③__________________________ (无论她去哪里), there are crowds of people waiting to see her.
④We promise _____________________ (无论谁参加晚会)a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.
⑤Your support is important to our work. _________________ (无论你能做什么) helps.
however/no matter how cold it is
However/No matter how hard you try
Wherever/No matter where she goes
whoever attends the party
Whatever you can do
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I opened a bank ________ (账户) after I made $1，000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation.
2．The family ________ (租用) a former church in ________ (在市中心) Portland and scheduled a concert.
3．I was ready to pay for my bananas at the ________ (食品杂货店) one night, when fear seized me. My wallet was gone.
4．People slowly ________ (收集) their belongings and left the hall.
5．Schools need ________ (志愿者) to help children to read.
account
rented
downtown
grocery
gathered
volunteers
6．The final ________ (数字) looks like being much higher than predicted.
7．Firefighters were on the ________ (现场) immediately.
8．The parents were shocked by the news that their son needed an ________ (手术) on his knee.
9．The old couple preferred a ________ (公寓) in a small town to one in a large city as Chongqing.
10．The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual (手动的) fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and ________ (管子).
figure
scene
operation
flat
pipes
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．These elephants are relatively secure __________ illegal hunters.
2．By the time Jack returned home from England, his son had graduated ________ college.
3．She made a response ________ my message with a phone call.
4．If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people until you figure it ________．
5．It shouldn't take long to clear up after the party if we all volunteer ________ (help).
against/from
from
to
out
to help
6．This new film is said to be adapted ________ a novel by Jane Austen.
7．________ book you lend me, I'll read it carefully.
8．The professor warned the students that ________ no account should they use mobile phones in his class.
9．Exit immediately from the nearest ________ (emergent) exit; do not use a lift.
10．Who is responsible for the ________ (operate) of such vehicles is not clear among car makers, consumers and lawyers.
from
Whatever
on
emergency
operation
Ⅲ.短语填空
draw sth. out, count out, look up, shake one's head, give up, depend on
1．He thought out a figure and began __________ loud on his fingers.
2．When I __________， I lost sight of the famous actor, which made me become very angry about the whole thing.
3．“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons？” the teacher asked anxiously. The new boy _____________．
4．Meanwhile you have to calm down and prepare the next question ___________ what the person says.
5．When I was in middle school, learning English was a terrible struggle. For some time I even decided __________ learning English.
6．A girl raised her hand and asked the teller, “To _________ all of his savings？”
to count out
looked up
shook his head
depending on
to give up
draw out
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．无论有什么样的困难，你都不应该放弃。(whatever...)
_______________________， you should not give up.
2．他是个聪明的年轻人，我们都被他独特的想法吸引了。(such a/an...)
___________________ that we're all attracted by his unique idea.
3．租来的书必须在规定时间内归还。(have to be done)
The rented books ________________________________．
Whatever difficulties you have
He is such a clever youth
have to be returned within the required time
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
Mama always sat down by the kitchen table and divided the money that Papa brought home into several 1.________ (part). Each part had 2.________ different aim. For example, the big silver pieces were for the rent. In our 3.________ (day) life, Mama tried her best not to draw money out 4.________ her Bank Account, however hard the life was. When Nels wanted to go on to high school, my family members did 5.________ best to earn or save money instead of 6.________ (go) to the Bank.
parts
a
daily
of
our
going
To get enough money, Nels 7.__________ (volunteer) to work in Dillon's grocery after school; Papa decided 8.________ (give) up smoking 9.________ I planned to look after the Elvington children every Friday night. However, when I asked Mama to put the check of my first story in the Bank Account last year, Mama had to admit that there was no account in the bank at all. 10.________ (actual), Mama's Bank Account just made us children feel proud and secure.
volunteered
to give
and
ActuallySection Ⅲ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
Ⅰ.核心词汇
1．____________ n. 食品杂货；食品杂货店
2．____________ n. 烟斗；管子；管乐器
3．____________ n. 大腿部
4．____________ n. 出纳员；叙述者
5．____________ n. 公寓
adj. 平坦的；瘪了的
6．____________ n. 租金
vi. & vt. 租用；出租
7．____________ n. 数字；人物；体型，身材
8．____________ adv. 在市中心，往市中心
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ n．账户；描述；解释 vt.认为是，视为→________ n．会计师
2．________ adj.安心的；可靠的；牢固的→________ adj.不安全的；不牢靠的→________ adv.安全地；牢固地→________ n．安全，安全工作；保证
3．________ vi. & vt.毕业 n．毕业生→________ n．毕业；毕业典礼
4．________ vi.聚集，召集 vt.收拢；搜集，收集；聚集→________ n．聚集；集会
5．________ n．突发事件，紧急情况→________ adj.新出现的，新兴的
6．________ vi. & vt.自愿做，义务做 n．志愿者→________ adj.自愿的；志愿的；自发的
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．________________ 数(出)某物，不把……算在内
2．________________ 把某物放在一边
3．________________ 自豪，高兴； 以……而骄傲
4．________________ 簇拥，聚集在
5．________________ 取下
6．________________ 放弃
7．________________ 照顾；照看
8．________________ 去市中心
9．________________ 提取，支取
10．________________ 依赖，依靠
11．________________ 第一次
Ⅳ.重点句型
无论发生什么事，我们总是知道我们还有那个银行可以依靠。
________________________， we always knew we still had the Bank to depend upon.
根据课文内容选择正确答案
1．What gave the family a warm, secure feeling in the rough time
A．Papa's money.
B．The big silver pieces.
C．The family meeting at Saturday night.
D．Mama's Bank Account.
2．When did they open their “Little Bank”？
A．On a Saturday night.
B．When they met sudden emergencies.
C．When Nels graduated from grammar school.
D．When they didn't want to go to the Bank.
3．Why did they feel very good when they didn't have to go downtown
A．They had got enough money.
B．They didn't need to use Mama's Bank Account.
C．They all didn't like to go downtown.
D．They had the “Little Bank”．
4．Why did Mama say that she had a Bank Account in downtown
A.She wanted to cheat the children.
B．She always expected to have her own Bank Account.
C.She wanted to get money from the Bank.
D．She wanted the children always had the Bank to depend upon.
[词汇注释]
①account/ 'ka nt/n.账户；描述；解释 vt.认为是，视为
give an account of描述
account for占(一定比例或数量)；是……的原因；解释
②count out数(出)某物；不把……算在内
count in把……计算在内
count on/upon依靠，指望
③rent/rent/n.租金
vi. & vt.租用；出租
rent...from...从……租赁……
rent...to...把……出租给……
④grocery/'gr s ri/n.食品杂货；食品杂货店
⑤put sth. to the side把某物放在一起
⑥with anxious interest饶有兴趣地
⑦be proud of自豪，得意；以……为骄傲
take pride in因……而自豪
⑧secure/s 'kj (r)/adj.安心的；可靠的；牢固的
⑨such a...feeling如此……的感觉
⑩graduate/'ɡr d ue t/vi. & vt.毕业/'ɡr d u t/n.毕业生
eagerly adv.热切地；渴望地；渴求地
gather/'ɡ (r)/vi.聚集，集合 vt.收拢；搜集，收集；聚集
gather around簇拥，聚集在
take down取下
lay v．安放，放置(过去式和过去分词都为laid)
emergency/i'm d nsi/n.突发事件，紧急情况
emergent adj.新兴的
list v．列清单；把……列入一览表；(被)列入价目表
n．清单，目录
make a list of列个清单
volunteer/ v l n't (r)/
vt. & vi.主动建议(或告诉)；自愿做，义务做 n．志愿者
volunteer to do主动做……
pipe/pa p/n.烟斗；管子；管乐器
give up放弃
give up smoking戒烟
reach across the table伸长手臂去够桌子另一端的东西
reach伸，伸手
across从一边到另一边
figure/'fiɡ (r)/n.数字；人物；体形，身材
look after照顾；照看
同义短语：care for, attend to, take care of
downtown/ da n'ta n/
adv.在市中心，往市中心
go downtown去市中心
draw sth. out of sth.提取，支取
operation/ p 're n/n.手术；运转，操作
depend upon依赖，依靠
(＝depend on)
depend upon还可表示“取决于”。
hurry over迅速移动；快点结束；赶紧办完
lap/l p/n.大腿部
for the first time第一次，作状语
the first time第一次，名词词组，可用作连词，连接句子。
silver adj.银色的；银白色的；银灰色的 n．银
a silver coin一枚银币
a silver necklace一条银项链
hand vt.交；递；给
teller/'tel (r)/n.出纳员；叙述者
pay it into把它存入
be inside...在……里面
句中good用了斜体，表示强调。
feel secure感到安全
adapt v．改编
adapted from改编自……
形似：adopt v．采纳；收养
[教材原文]
Mama and Her Bank Account①
Every Saturday night Mama would sit down by the kitchen table and count out② the money Papa had brought home [1].
[1]省略了引导词that/which的定语从句
“For the rent③.” Mama would count out the big silver pieces.
“For the groceries④.” Another group of coins.
“I'll need a notebook.” That would be my sister Christine, my brother Nels or me.
Mama would put one or two coins to the side⑤. We would watch with anxious interest⑥. At last, Papa would ask, “Is that all？” And when Mama nodded, we could relax a little. Mama would look up and smile, “Good. We do not have to go to the Bank.” We were all so proud of⑦ Mama's Bank Account. It gave us such a warm, secure⑧ feeling⑨.
When Nels graduated⑩ from grammar school, he wanted to go on to high school. “It will cost a little money，” he said.
Eagerly we gathered around the table. I took down a box and laid it carefully in front of Mama. This was the “Little Bank”. It was used for sudden emergencies ， such as the time when Christine broke her arm and had to be taken to a doctor [2].
[2]when引导的定语从句，修饰the time
Nels listed the costs of the things he would need [3]. Mama counted out the money in the Little Bank. There was not enough. “We do not want to go to the Bank，” she reminded. We all shook our heads.
“I will work in Dillon's grocery after school，” Nels volunteered .
Mama gave him a bright smile and wrote down a number. “That's not enough，” Papa said. Then he took his pipe out of his mouth and looked at it for a long time. “I will give up smoking，” he said suddenly.
Mama reached across the table and touched Papa's arm. Then she wrote down another figure .
“I will look after the Elvington children every Friday night，” I said. “Christine can help me.”
Now there was enough money. We all felt very good because we did not have to go downtown and draw money out of Mama's Bank Account.
So many things came out of the Little Bank that year: Christine's dress for the school play, my little sister Dagmar's operation ...Whatever happened [4], we always knew we still had the Bank to depend upon .
That was twenty years ago.
Last year I sold my first story. When the check came, I hurried over to Mama's and put it in her lap . “For you，” I said, “to put in your Bank Account.”
I noticed for the first time how old Mama and Papa looked. Papa seemed shorter, and Mama's hair was silver now.
“Tomorrow，” I told Mama, “you must take it to the Bank.”
“You will go with me, Katrin？”
“That won't be necessary. Just hand it to the teller . He'll pay it into your account.”
Mama looked at me. “There is no account，” she said. “In all my life, I've never been inside a bank.”
And when I didn't—couldn't—answer, Mama said seriously, “It is not good for little ones to be afraid—to not feel secure .”
(Adapted from Kathryn Forbes's Mama's Bank Account, which has 17 short stories and describes the struggles and dreams of a family in San Francisco in the early 1900s)
[汉语译文]
妈妈的银行账户
每个星期六的晚上，妈妈都会坐在餐桌旁，清点爸爸带回家的钱。
“这些付房租。”妈妈会先把大面额银币点出来。
“这些买生活用品。”又是一摞硬币。
“我需要一个笔记本。”说这话的，通常是我的妹妹克里斯蒂娜，或是我的哥哥内尔斯，要不就是我。
妈妈听完会拿出一两个硬币到一旁。我们几个都紧张地看着。最后，爸爸会问：“就这些了？”妈妈点点头，我们几个都稍稍松了口气。妈妈会抬起头，微笑着说：“太好了，我们不用去银行啦。”我们所有人都为妈妈的银行账户感到十分自豪，它给我们一种如此温暖、安全的感觉。
从文法学校毕业后，内尔斯想继续读中学。“上学要花点儿钱。”他说。
于是一家人又急切地围到了餐桌旁。我取下一个盒子，小心翼翼地放在妈妈面前。这个小盒子是我们的“小金库”。它是用来应对家中不时之需的(emergency n．突发事件)，比如有一回，克里斯蒂娜摔断了胳膊，必须得送医。
内尔斯先列出了他所需物品的开支清单。妈妈清点了“小金库”里所有的钱——还是不够。“大家都不想动银行里的存款吧！”妈妈提醒。我们几个都摇了摇头。
“我放学后可以去狄龙的杂货店打工。”内尔斯自告奋勇。
妈妈给了哥哥一个灿烂的笑容，然后记下一个数字。“还是不够。”爸爸说。然后他取下了嘴里的烟斗，对着它端详了半晌。“我把烟戒了。”他冷不丁地说。
妈妈把手伸到桌子对面，摸摸爸爸的胳膊。然后她记下了另一个数字。
“我每周五晚上可以去照看埃尔温顿家的孩子，”我说，“克里斯蒂娜可以帮我。”
现在钱终于凑足了。大家都很开心，因为我们不用去城里从妈妈的银行账户里取钱了。
那一年，“小金库”应付了很多事：克里斯蒂娜参加学校演出的裙子、我小妹妹达格玛的手术……无论发生什么，我们一直都知道，最后还有妈妈的银行账户这个靠山。
一转眼二十年过去了。
去年，我卖出了我的第一部小说。拿到支票后，我迫不及待冲到妈妈家里，把支票放到她膝上。“给您的，”我说，“存到您的银行账户里吧！”
我第一次注意到，爸爸妈妈看起来苍老了好多。爸爸似乎变矮了，而妈妈如今已是满头银发。
“明天，”我跟妈妈说，“您一定要把这笔钱存到银行里。”
“你会跟我一块儿去的吧，凯特琳？”
“没必要啦，您把支票交给出纳员就好，他会帮您把钱存进您的账户的。”
妈妈看着我。“根本就没有银行账户，”她说，“我这辈子压根都没踏进过银行一步。”
我不知该回应什么——也无法回应，这时，妈妈郑重地说道：“让小孩子担惊受怕，心里不踏实，是不好的。”
(改编自凯瑟琳·福布斯的《妈妈的银行账户》。这本书由17个小故事组成，描绘了20世纪初旧金山一家人的奋斗和梦想。)
第一版块|重点词汇诠释
1 account n．账户，账目；说明，解释；叙述，描述 vt.认为是，视为 vi.解释，说明；占（一定比例或数量）
account for 是……的原因；解释；(数量上、比例上)占
open/close an account 开户/销户
give an account of... 描述……
The bad weather may have accounted for the delay.
天气不好可能是延误的原因。
She couldn't account for her spying on me.
她无法解释监视我的原因。
Students account for the majority of our customers.
我们的顾客大多数是学生。
The event was accounted a success.人们认为这次活动是成功的。
I've opened an account at that bank.我在那家银行开了一个账户。
He was too shocked to give an account of what had happened on the spot.他震惊得无法描述现场所发生的事情。
归纳拓展
take...into account/take account of...考虑到/顾及……
on account of因为，由于
on no account决不，绝对不
accountant n．会计，会计师
语境助记
They were prevented from returning home on account of the sudden rain. Besides, taking safety into account, they decided to stay in the tent for another night. These accounted for their absence from school, so it was accounted an awful day.
因为突然下雨，他们不能回家。而且出于安全考虑，他们决定在帐篷里再待一晚。这些就是他们缺课的原因，因此他们认为那是糟糕的一天。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①In modern man, the brain accounts ________ about 2－3% of total body weight, but it consumes 25% of the body's energy when the body is at rest.
②If they had taken everything ________ account, they would not have made such a mistake.
③When questioned, he was too shocked to give an account ________ what had happened.
结合account的用法完成句子
④教授警告学生说在他的课上绝对不要使用手机。
The professor warned the students that ________________ should they use mobile phones in his class.
⑤要开户你需要你的身份证和一些钱。
To ________________， you need your ID card and some money.
2 rent n．租金 vi. & vt.租用；出租
rent sth. from sb. 从某人那里租用某物
rent sth. (out) (to sb.) 把某物出租(给某人)
rent sb. sth. 把某物出租给某人
rent at/for 以……价格出租
The rents of the houses near the schools are too high for common workers.
那些靠近学校的房子的租金对于一般的工人来说太高了。
We are renting this house from Mr. Smith.
我们打算从史密斯先生那里租这栋房子。
She agreed to rent the basement (out) to me at ￥200 a month.
她同意将地下室以每月200元的价格出租给我。
The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars, and for companies to operate driverless taxi services.
政府也为公司出售或租赁自动驾驶汽车以及运行无人驾驶出租车服务扫清了障碍。
The apartment rents for $500 a month.
这套公寓每月租金为500美元。
词语辨析 rent, hire与employ
(1)rent指长时间“出租；租用”，宾语一般是房屋、土地等
They rented a house from Mr. Smith.他们租用了史密斯先生的一套房子。
(2)hire指短期、临时或一次性“雇用；租用”，宾语可以是人，也可以是物
They hired a boat and went fishing.他们租了一条船去钓鱼了。
(3)employ指长时间“雇用”，宾语一般是人
He employed the girl as a typist.他雇用那个女孩为打字员。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①We had moved into a ________ (rent) house.
②William rented his land ________ us ________ ￡500 a year.
③I don't have enough money to buy a car, so I have to rent one ________ others.
④Last summer Brian Williams rented ________ his house and went camping.
3 secure adj.安心的；可靠的；牢固的；安全的 vt.保护，使安全
(1)feel secure about... 对……感到安心
be secure against/from.... 没有……的危险
(2)secure...against/from.... 保护……免受……
(3)(反)insecure adj. 无把握的；不牢靠的
securely adv. 安全地；稳固地
security n. [U]安全，平安；保护措施，安全工作
At last they were able to feel secure about the future.
他们终于能够对将来感到安心了。
There are no secure jobs these days.
如今已经没有铁饭碗了。
Some measures are needed to secure the bank from floods.
(我们)需要采取一些措施保护这道堤以免被洪水冲坏。
即学即练 完成句子
①后来，她和父亲与一个超市老板进行了第一次商务会谈，这个老板最终同意出售摩尔的产品——CanCandy。
Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a super-market owner, ________ finally agreed to sell Moore's product—CanCandy.
②必须把资料保存起来，这样才不至于意外删除。
Information must be stored so that it is __________ accidental deletion.
4 graduate vi. & vt.毕业 n．大学毕业生
(1)graduate from... 毕业于……学校
graduate in... 毕业于……专业
(2)graduation n. 毕业
We haven't got a chance to talk face to face ever since we graduated from university.
我们自大学毕业后一直没有面对面交流的机会。
He graduated in law from Oxford University.
他是牛津大学法学专业毕业的。
He's a graduate of Yale.他是耶鲁大学的毕业生。
语境助记
Lily was a graduate who graduated from Beijing Normal University. She graduated in English. After graduation, she became a teacher in her hometown.
莉莉是一名毕业于北京师范大学英语专业的毕业生，毕业之后她在她的家乡成了一名老师。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①They are the ________ (graduate) who graduated ________ Wuhan University and now are playing an important part in our company.
②Sarah graduated ________ physics ________ Cambridge University.
③By the time Jack returned home from England, his son ________ (graduate) from college.
④After ________ (graduate) she reached a point in her career where she needed to decide what to do.
5 gather vi.聚集，集合；搜集，采集；增加（速度、力量等） vt.收拢；搜集，收集；聚集
gather round/around 聚集；集合
gather together 聚集在一起
gather in 收割；收获
We'll gather at the Students' Club at 8：00 p．m. this Friday.
我们将于本周五晚上8点在学生俱乐部集合。
I chose an old tree and gathered everyone under it before I read.
朗读前，我选了一棵古树，把大家都聚集在树下。
Gather round and listen, children！孩子们，围拢过来听我说！
Give me a moment to gather my notes together.
给我点时间整理一下我的笔记。
The researcher's job is to gather information about people.
这位研究人员的工作是收集人们的信息。
The harvest has been safely gathered in.
庄稼已妥善收割完毕。
易混辨析 collect与gather的用法区别
①当表示“搜集；聚集”时，两者通常可以互换。
These little animals gather/collect nuts from the ground in the autumn.秋天，这些小动物们把地上的坚果收集起来。
They gathered/collected the leaves for burning.
他们把树叶扫拢烧掉了。
②两者的主要区别是：gather通常用来表示把分散的人或物聚拢在一起，还可用于表示将抽象的东西，例如力量、印象等聚集起来；而collect往往指为了特定目的，有条理、有计划地进行较为精心的搜集。所以像下例中的collect就不宜用gather代替。
My hobby is to collect stamps.我的爱好是集邮。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①After the meeting, many people gathered ________ him and gave him their congratulations.
②The wheat is ripe. The farmers are gathering wheat ________ now.
③Members will ________ (gather) together on our English corner to talk freely under the instruction of our foreign teachers.
完成句子
④请新娘一家人聚在一起拍张照，好吗？
Could the bride's family all ________________ for a photo
⑤人们心中充满了感激，因为他们收割好了用来过冬的粮食，农活也结束了。
People are grateful because their food ________________ for the winter and the agricultural work is over.
6 volunteer vi. & vt.主动建议（或告诉）；自愿做，义务做 n．志愿者
volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事
voluntary adj. 自愿的，主动的，志愿的
According to the research, people feel good when they volunteer to do something meaningful for other people.
根据这项研究，人们在自愿为他人做些有意义的事情时感觉良好。
She now helps in a local school as a volunteer three days a week.她现在作为一名志愿者在当地一所学校每周帮忙三天。
Are there any volunteers to help clear up
有自愿帮助清扫的人吗？
联想拓展
volunteer to do sth.的近义表达：
offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
be willing/ready to do sth. 愿意做某事
即学即练 单句语法填空
①My neighbors volunteered ________ (take) care of my pet dog while I was on vacation last summer.
②Over the last 30 years, the number of people taking part in ________ (volunteer) work has increased sharply.
③In front of a large supermarket, five ________ (volunteer) wore white plastic bags and walked through the crowd.
7 figure n．数字；人物；体形，身材 vt.认为；认定，计算
(1)keep one's figure 保持身材
have a good figure 身材好
(2)figure out 弄明白，弄懂，弄清楚；计算(数量或成本)
Where did you get those figures？你是从哪儿得到那些数字的？
He has become a figure known to everyone.
他已经成为一个人人皆知的人物。
—I wonder how Mary has kept her figure after all these years.
我想知道这些年来玛丽是如何保持身材的。
—By working out every day.通过每天锻炼。
I saw a tall figure in black just now.
我刚看到一个黑衣高个子人影。
I figured that you wanted to see me about it.
我想你会为这件事想见我的。
If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people until you figure it out.
如果你不明白某些东西，你可以研究、学习、和别人交流，直到你弄明白为止。
即学即练 判断下列句子中的figure的词性及含义
①She can't stand others playing a joke on her figure.________________
②It will be nice if we have a true figure of how many people in this country haven't got a job.________________
③Tsinghua University is home to a great number of outstanding (优秀的) figures.________________
④A figure in a blue dress appeared in the doorway.________________
⑤It was pouring outside. So I figured you couldn't come to my party.________________
8 operation n．手术；运转，操作；企业；公司；经营
(1)do/perform an operation on sb. 给某人动手术
come/go into operation 开始生效
in operation 工作中；使用中；有效
bring...into operation 使……开始运转
(2)operate vi. 运转；工作；经营，营业；开刀，动手术
vt. 使用；操作；经营，管理(企业或机构)
operate on sb. (for...) 给某人动手术(以治疗……)
(3)operator n. 电话接线员；操作者；经营者
Doctors performed an emergency operation for appendicitis last night.医生昨天晚上做了一个紧急阑尾炎手术。
Protective clothing must be worn when the machine is in operation.这台机器运转时，必须穿上防护服。
A scheme is being brought into operation to see how these changes would work.
正在实施一项方案以观察这些变化将如何发挥作用。
The sewing machine is a bit difficult for me to operate.
这台缝纫机对我来说有点儿难以操作。
The doctor had to reflect on how to operate on the patient.
医生必须认真考虑如何给病人动手术。
语境助记
Computers are much easier to operate．
电脑变得更容易操作了。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①Emergency line ________ (operate) must always stay calm and make sure that they get all the information they need to send help.
②Doctors spent several hours doing the ________ (operate) for her and the boy accompanied her all the time.
③Dr. Hunter got a phone call one night. He was asked to go to the hospital at once to operate ________ a seriously wounded boy.
9 scene n．（戏剧等）场；场面，片段；地点，现场；景象，风光；情景
on the scene 到场；出现
behind the scenes 在后台；在幕后；秘密地；背地里
the opening scene 开场
the scene of the crime/accident 犯罪/事故现场
a night scene 夜景
Thick black smoke rose over the scene.
在这一场景中，浓浓的黑烟滚滚升起。
The boats in the harbour at sunset make a beautiful scene.
日落时分港湾的船只构成了美丽的景象。
He could react jealously when and if another child comes on the scene.如果有别的孩子加入其中，他可能会表现得相当嫉妒。
Behind the scenes, both sides are working towards an agreement.双方在幕后努力想达成协议。
语境助记
They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England.
他们成为英格兰流行音乐界最热门的人物。
即学即练 写出下列各句中scene的含义
①The hero met the heroine in the opening scene of the play.________________
②She returned home to find a scene of mess.________________
③Having received an emergency call, the police were soon on the scene.________________
完成句子
④The police ________________________ (到现场) within minutes. The murderer couldn't get away with it.
⑤Seeing ______________________ (快乐的场景) of students playing basketball there, I can't help thinking of my school years.
10 response n．回复；反应，响应；回答
(1)in response to... 作为对……的答复/回应
make a/no response (to...) (对……)做出/不做答复/回应
(2)respond vi. & vt. 回答
vi. 回应；作出反应
respond to... 回答……；对……作出反应
She opened the door in response to the knock at the door.
听到敲门声，她打开了门。
He made no response to my question, and went on with his movie.
他没有回答我的问题，继续看他的电影。
When asked about the company's future, the director responded that he remained optimistic.
被问及公司的未来时，经理回答说他依然持乐观态度。
Knowing basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.
懂得基本的急救技能将有助于你对紧急情况迅速作出反应。
特别提示
respond常用作不及物动词，后接宾语时，要加介词to，这与reply的用法是一致的。而answer后直接接宾语。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded ________ the recordings.
②There were few people in ________ (respond) to Mr. Robinson's decision sympathetically.
一句多译
他没有回复我的信。
③_________________________________________________________________(response)
④__________________________________________________________________(respond)
第二版块|重点句型解构
(教材原句)Whatever happened, we always knew we still had the Bank to depend upon.
不管发生什么事，我们始终知道我们还有银行可以依靠。
[句式分析] 此句为主从复合句，其中whatever引导让步状语从句，whatever happened相当于no matter what happened，意为“无论发生什么”。
“疑问词＋-ever”引导让步状语从句
“疑问词＋－ever”类词whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever，wherever, whenever, however，它们可引导让步状语从句，通常可以转换为“no matter＋疑问词”。
Whatever (＝No matter what) happens, we must keep calm.
无论发生什么，我们都必须保持镇定。
Wherever (＝No matter where) I go, I always meet interesting people.无论我去哪里，我总会遇见有趣的人。
However (＝No matter how) carefully I explained, she still didn't understand.无论我解释得多么仔细，她仍然不明白。
名师点津
whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever还可引导名词性从句，此时不能转换为“no matter＋疑问词”。
You can take whichever book you like.你可以拿你喜欢的任何一本书。
I'll take whoever wants to go.谁想去我就带谁去。
即学即练 完成句子
①She has the window open, ________________________ (不管多冷)outside.
②________________________ (不管你怎么努力尝试), it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.
③________________________ (无论她去哪里), there are crowds of people waiting to see her.
④We promise ________________________ (无论谁参加晚会)a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.
⑤Your support is important to our work. ________________________ (无论你能做什么) helps.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I opened a bank ________ (账户) after I made $1，000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation.
2．The family ________ (租用) a former church in ________ (在市中心) Portland and scheduled a concert.
3．I was ready to pay for my bananas at the ________ (食品杂货店) one night, when fear seized me. My wallet was gone.
4．People slowly ________ (收集) their belongings and left the hall.
5．Schools need ________ (志愿者) to help children to read.
6．The final ________ (数字) looks like being much higher than predicted.
7．Firefighters were on the ________ (现场) immediately.
8．The parents were shocked by the news that their son needed an ________ (手术) on his knee.
9．The old couple preferred a ________ (公寓) in a small town to one in a large city as Chongqing.
10．The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual (手动的) fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and ________ (管子).
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．These elephants are relatively secure ________ illegal hunters.
2．By the time Jack returned home from England, his son had graduated ________ college.
3．She made a response ________ my message with a phone call.
4．If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people until you figure it ________．
5．It shouldn't take long to clear up after the party if we all volunteer ________ (help).
6．This new film is said to be adapted ________ a novel by Jane Austen.
7．________ book you lend me, I'll read it carefully.
8．The professor warned the students that ________ no account should they use mobile phones in his class.
9．Exit immediately from the nearest ________ (emergent) exit; do not use a lift.
10．Who is responsible for the ________ (operate) of such vehicles is not clear among car makers, consumers and lawyers.
Ⅲ.短语填空
draw sth. out, count out, look up, shake one's head, give up, depend on
1．He thought out a figure and began ________________ loud on his fingers.
2．When I ________________， I lost sight of the famous actor, which made me become very angry about the whole thing.
3．“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons？” the teacher asked anxiously. The new boy ________________．
4．Meanwhile you have to calm down and prepare the next question ________________ what the person says.
5．When I was in middle school, learning English was a terrible struggle. For some time I even decided ________________ learning English.
6．A girl raised her hand and asked the teller, “To ________________ all of his savings？”
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．无论有什么样的困难，你都不应该放弃。(whatever...)
____________________________， you should not give up.
2．他是个聪明的年轻人，我们都被他独特的想法吸引了。(such a/an...)
____________________________ that we're all attracted by his unique idea.
3．租来的书必须在规定时间内归还。(have to be done)
The rented books __________________________．
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
Mama always sat down by the kitchen table and divided the money that Papa brought home into several 1.________ (part). Each part had 2.________ different aim. For example, the big silver pieces were for the rent. In our 3.________ (day) life, Mama tried her best not to draw money out 4.________ her Bank Account, however hard the life was. When Nels wanted to go on to high school, my family members did 5.________ best to earn or save money instead of 6.________ (go) to the Bank. To get enough money, Nels 7.________ (volunteer) to work in Dillon's grocery after school; Papa decided 8.________ (give) up smoking 9.________ I planned to look after the Elvington children every Friday night. However, when I asked Mama to put the check of my first story in the Bank Account last year, Mama had to admit that there was no account in the bank at all. 10.________ (actual), Mama's Bank Account just made us children feel proud and secure.
Section Ⅲ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.核心词汇
1．grocery 2.pipe 3.lap 4.teller 5.flat 6.rent 7.figure
8．downtown
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．account accountant 2.secure insecure securely security 3.graduate graduation 4.gather gathering
5．emergency emergent 6.volunteer voluntary
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．count out 2.put sth. to the side 3.be proud of 4.gather around 5.take down 6.give up 7.look after 8.go downtown 9.draw...out of... 10.depend upon/on 11.for the first time
Ⅳ.重点句型
Whatever happened
文本研析·语篇理解
1．D 2.B 3.B 4.D
核心突破·互动探究
第一版块|重点词汇诠释
1．①for ②into ③of ④on no account ⑤open an account
2．①rented ②to at/for ③from ④out
3．①who ②secure from
4．①graduates from ②in from ③had graduated ④graduation
5．①round/around ②in ③gather ④gather together ⑤is gathered
6．①to take ②voluntary ③volunteers
7．①n.身材 ②n.数字 ③n.人物 ④n.人影 ⑤vt.认定，认为
8．①operators ②operation ③on
9．①(戏剧中的)场 ②情景；景象 ③发生地点，现场
④were on the scene ⑤the happy scene
10．①to ②response ③He made no response to my letter.
④He didn't respond to my letter.
第二版块|重点句型解构
①however/no matter how cold it is ②However/No matter how hard you try ③Wherever/No matter where she goes ④whoever attends the party ⑤Whatever you can do
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．account 2.rented downtown 3.grocery 4.gathered 5.volunteers 6.figure 7.scene 8.operation 9.flat 10.pipes
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．against/from 2.from 3.to 4.out 5.to help 6.from
7．Whatever 8.on 9.emergency 10.operation
Ⅲ.短语填空
1．to count out 2.looked up 3.shook his head 4.depending on 5.to give up 6.draw out
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．Whatever difficulties you have 2.He is such a clever youth 3.have to be returned within the required time
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
1．parts 2.a 3.daily 4.of 5.our 6.going 7.volunteered
8．to give 9.and 10.Actually
