漳州市2023-2024学年(上)期末高中教学质量检测
高一英语试题
(共150分，考试时间120分钟)
注:每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试卷上。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the weather like now
A. Cloudy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy.
2. What does the old lady teach her grandson
A. Yoga. B. Basketball. C. Dancing.
3. When will Carter start his holiday
A. In May. B. In July. C. In August.
4. What will George do tomorrow afternoon
A. Look after his sister. B. Repair the bicycle. C. Play tennis.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Their pets. B. Volunteer work. C. A rescue center.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Who is looking for a job
A. Tom. B. John. C. Susan.
7. When did Tom meet John
A. Last week. B. The day before yesterday. C. Yesterday.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. How did Tony learn to play the piano
A. By taking classes.
B. By teaching himself.
C. By learning from his father.
9 Why does Tony take a part-time job
A. To be with children. B. To get some experience. C. To earn money.
10. What will Tony talk about next
A. His childhood. B. His future plans. C. His college life.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is Peter
A. A student. B. A teacher. C. A hotel manager.
12. What does Linda care about most when choosing a hotel
A. The price. B. The food. C. The service.
13. What is Linda interested in
A. A gym. B. A movie room. C. A swimming pool.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What will students mainly do at the camp
A. Share food cultures. B. Learn to cook. C. Do outdoor activities.
15. Who can take part in the camp
A. Anyone interested. B. High school students. C. College students.
16. When will the camp end
A. On Jan. 22nd. B. On Jan. 25th. C. On Jan. 26th.
17. How will the speakers go to the camp
A. By car. B. By bus. C. By bike.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Why did the speaker go to the small park
A. To organize an activity. B. To do some cleaning. C. To take a walk.
19. Where does the speaker’s mother work
A. At a hospital. B. At a school. C. At a park.
20. What did the speaker think of her volunteer experience
A. Challenging. B. Tiring. C. Enjoyable.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共11小题;每小题2.5分，满分27.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Place an Advertisement or a Legal Notice in Los Angeles Times
Some moments and milestones need to be shared Place a legal notice, advertise your services, or sell your goods in the award-winning newspaper. No need to be an expert. There’s no responsibility to create an account or provide a credit card until you are ready to check out on our site.
3 Easy Steps
1. Go through Our Choices. Having trouble finding the right choice We’ll guide you.
2. Design & Schedule Your Ad or Notice. Customize your notice and get real-time price updates (更新).
3. Check Out. Once you check out, you can continue to edit your order until the deadline (最后期限).
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What product or package should I choose
The Los Angeles Times offers dozens of advertising choices. The simplest way to find the right one for you is to visit our Ad Options page, and use the left hand navigation (导航).
2. What if I can’t find the type of advertisement that I want to place on the Self-Service site
Please contact us to see if we can find the right choice for you. Our inside sales team can be reached at 1-800-LATIMES, ext. 72769.
3 How far in advance do I need to hand in my advertisement in order for it to run
You can find the specific deadlines for the product you’re interested in, by visiting the More Info page for that specific product.
4. Do I need to create an account
Yes, in order for us to schedule your advertisement and charge (收费) you for it, we need you to create an account. But feel free to go through our products and design your advertisement without registering. If you need more information regarding our Privacy Policy, please click here.
1. What can we know about placing an advertisement or a legal notice in Los Angeles Times
A You can enjoy the lowest price ever.
B. You can edit it whenever you like.
C. You don’t need to put in much effort.
D. You don’t need to create an account.
2. What can one do if he isn’t sure when to hand in his advertisement
A Visit the More Info page. B. Contact the inside sales team.
C. Search the Privacy Policy page. D. Use the navigation on the Ad Options page.
3. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A newspaper. B. A website. C. A magazine. D. A guidebook.
B
Once upon a time, there was a small village in the center of a big forest. All the villagers were used to their robotic farm work and none of them had the imagination or the will (意愿) to try something new, except for one girl named Jo. Very few could read or write, and Jo was one of them.
One afternoon, when Jo was on one of her explorations in the forest, she came upon an abandoned cottage (废弃的小屋). Though she’d been warned to stay away from abandoned places, her curiosity got the best of her. She slid in and was amazed to find a room full of books! Jo’s excitement was huge when she realized she had found a hidden treasure.
She ran to tell the villagers everything, thinking that they would share her excitement but instead, she heard roars of laughter! Jo was confused by this reaction (反应) and a little hurt too, but she did not give up on her books.
She came to the cottage every day and got down to reading the books. For her, each page was an adventure with characters who challenged difficulties with their determination and who struggled for good. Knowing the power of stories in impressing on people the values of life, she decided to share the stories with the villagers, though she knew it would be a difficult journey. Making this her mission (使命), Jo started telling stories every day at her cottage.
In the beginning, only a few came to the readings. But word spread rapidly, causing more and more people to come, some of whom even traveled from far away to just listen to her stories. She also conducted workshops in which she taught people how to read and write. She was remembered and lived in her stories even after she was long gone.
4. What do the underlined words “got the best of” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Prevented. B. Frightened. C. Cheated. D. Beat.
5. Why did the villagers laugh when Jo told them her discovery
A. They already knew it. B. They thought nothing of it.
C. It was related to something fun. D. It was all Jo’s imagination.
6. Which of the following best describe Jo
A. Caring but confusing. B. Honest and helpful.
C. Adventurous but careless. D. Determined and influential.
7 What is a suitable title for the text
A. The Discovery of a Hidden Treasure
B. Jo’s Journey: from Adventure to Education
C. The Power of Stories in Challenging Difficulties
D. Jo’s Adventure: Unearthing an Abandoned Cottage
C
“Hallucinate” — the Word of 2023
Cambridge Dictionary has named “hallucinate” as the word of the year for 2023 — while giving it an added new meaning relating to AI (artificial intelligence) technology.
The added Cambridge Dictionary definition (定义) reads: “When an AI hallucinates, it produces false information, which can vary (变化) from suggestions that seem perfectly believable to ones that are clearly non-sense.”
Wendalyn Nichols, Cambridge Dictionary’s publishing manager, said: “The fact that AIs can ‘hallucinate’ reminds us that humans still need to bring their critical (批判的) thinking skills to the use of these tools. AIs can draw out specific information we need from huge amounts and piece it together. That’s amazing. But they just stop there. The more original (原创的) you ask them to be, the likelier they are to go wrong.”
Actually, at their best, AIs can only be as dependable as their training information. Humans’ professional knowledge is more important than ever, to create the truthful and up-to-date information that AIs can be trained on.
AIs can hallucinate in a confident and thus more misleading manner. Their influences have been shown in real-world examples. In Google’s advertisement for its chatbot Bard, the AI tool made an error about the James Webb Space Telescope. A US law company used cases made up by AIs in court after using ChatGPT for legal research.
“The widespread use of the word ‘hallucinate’ to refer to mistakes by AIs offers us a quick look at how we’re treating them as our equals,” said Dr Henry, an AI ethicist at Cambridge University. “‘Hallucinate’ is originally a verb suggesting someone experiencing a disconnect from reality,” he continued. “It mirrors an unnoticeable change in perception (认知): the AI, not the user, is the one ‘hallucinating’”. It seems that as time progresses, psychological vocabulary will be further enlarged to describe the strange abilities of the new intelligences we’re creating.
8. What can be learned about the false information AIs produce
A. It doesn’t make any sense to us. B. We didn’t know about it until 2023.
C. It happens because of AIs’ limitation. D. We invented a new word to describe it.
9. What may be the key to training AIs
A. The information they’re offered. B. The way they’re trained in.
C. The human experts they work with. D. The thinking skills they use.
10. Why does the author mention Google’s advertisement in paragraph 5
A. To introduce a new topic. B. To prove an established fact.
C. To compare the effects AIs produce. D. To list AIs’ different applications.
11. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. The proper way to treat AIs.
B. People’s understanding of AIs.
C. Comments on the new use of “hallucinate”.
D. The change in the meaning of “hallucinate”.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
You probably believe that weight loss has to be tied to countless hours at the gym or eating nothing but vegetables. Luckily, dropping a couple dress sizes doesn’t take anything that extreme. ____12____ Read on and I ensure you’ll be helped in your weight loss efforts.
Stop Eating Out. Think back to when your mother fed you. Do you remember what the dinner plates looked like Now compare that to what the “plates” look like at those chain restaurants. ____13____ There are dozens of studies about eating out and they all lead to one conclusion: if you eat out, you overeat! Take a break from eating out for the next six weeks and see how easily you can drop a dress size or even two.
____14____ You don’t have to avoid the foods that you enjoy — you just can’t eat big servings of them. An easy way to do this is to use smaller plates for your meals. ____15____ And don’t think that just because something is on your plate, you have to eat it. Different from what your mother told you, you don’t have to “clean your plate”. In fact — you shouldn’t. Eat slowly and stop when you aren’t hungry any more.
Make Better Choices. I know I just said that you can eat the foods you enjoy and still lose weight. ____16____ The key is moderation (适量). So when you shop, go to a wet market instead of a supermarket. When you’re at work, keep health snacks handy so you don’t have to turn to the company’s vending machine (自动贩卖机). Improving your choices will speed up your weight loss.
A. Lessen your intake.
B. Eat with smaller plates.
C. It’s no wonder you are putting on weight.
D. You will find that they have a lot in common.
E. But that doesn’t mean contenting yourself with candy and chips.
F. What it does take is making some small changes in your bad behaviors.
G. That way, you’re not losing the fun of eating while still exercising good judgment.
第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分45分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。
I have worked with hundreds of students in my thirty-six years of Spanish teaching at Walpole High School in Massachusetts. Some of them are ____17____ while some are academically (学业上) at risk. ____18____ , only one stands out in my memory.
Vincent entered my classroom as a ____19____ freshman on his first day of high school. His eighth grade teacher had described him as that “ sad, introverted (内向的) boy always lowering his head.” As for his Spanish, he hadn’t had a lot of ____20____ before.
At first he was shy about ____21____ questions in Spanish. I told him I could relate to his shyness, but he needed to get over it and join in more ____22____ about his family and interests. Little by little Vincent became braver. Some classes even saw him not only ____23____ to answer questions but also share his opinions. I was beginning to view him as a ____24____ role model for the other students.
Once spring came I recommended he ____25____ the National Spanish Competition. Much to my ____26____ , he won the second prize. One of my ____27____ moments as his teacher was to call Vincent to the stage at our yearly Foreign Language Awards Night to ____28____ him for his outstanding performance.
Several years later when we ____29____ in the street, he told me my class was the first one where he had ____30____ success. It has impressed on me how important it is for teachers to ____31____ with kids and also reminded me how success produces success.
17. A. responsible B. gifted C. average D. hopeless
18. A. However B. At last C. Instead D. For example
19. A. confident B. curious C. nervous D. top
20. A. success B. courses C. plans D. difficulty
21. A. changing B. listing C. designing D. answering
22. A. reports B. conversations C. games D. jokes
23. A. pretend B. volunteer C. fail D. promise
24. A. shy B. different C. positive D. native
25. A. get ready for B. quit C. host D. sign up for
26. A. surprise B. disappointment C. confusion D. annoyance
27. A. busiest B. saddest C. funniest D. proudest
28. A. respect B. punish C. honor D. pardon
29. A. came across B. came along C. turned up D. turned around
30. A. copied B. tasted C. studied D. celebrated
31. A. play B. compete C. connect D. share
第二节 单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
32. Villagers are requested ________ (preserve) the forests. (所给词的适当形式填空)
33. It rained cats and dogs, ________ (cause) terrible flooding. (所给词的适当形式填空)
34. Diet and exercise are ________ (obvious) important for health. (所给词的适当形式填空)
35. She often swims to build up the ________ (strong) of her arms. (所给词的适当形式填空)
36. China is and will be an engine for the ________ (globe) economy. (所给词的适当形式填空)
37. The film made a deep ________ (impress) on everybody who saw it. (所给词的适当形式填空)
38. Picasso is an artist ________ paintings are recognized all around the world.(用适当的词填空)
39. We’re amazed at the means ________ which ancient Egyptians moved the stones. (用适当的词填空)
40. The mother was frightened because her son ________ (trap) in the burning house. (所给词的适当形式填空)
41. Language is one of the ________ (factor) that affect cultural exchange among countries. (所给词的适当形式填空)
第三节 选词组填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下列句子，选择一个适当的词组填入空白处（注意：每个词组只用一次）。
even though major in other than suitable for in exchange for donates... to first aid kit in shock prevent ... from was based on
42. I gave him my camera ________ his watch.
43. The lonely girl has no close friends ________ me.
44. The man was ________ after hearing the bad news.
45. The English book is easy to read and ________ beginners.
46. He is the best teacher ________ he has the least experience.
47. My friend ________ blood ________ hospitals every few months.
48. His decision ________ research and investigation, which made it acceptable.
49. Nothing would ________ the brave boy ________ speaking out against anything unfair.
50. The coach had a ________ on hand in case any of the players got injured during the game.
51. My father advised me to ________ biology in college, for he hoped I would be a doctor.
第四部分 写作(共两节;满分35分)
第一节 英汉互译(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
根据提示翻译下列句子。
52. It is not unusual to feel stressed when you first start high school.(英译汉)
53. Those who will take part in the activity must provide their personal information.(英译汉)
54. 我钦佩的是他的责任感。（强调句）（汉译英）
55. 1976 年7月唐山发生了一场强地震。 (strike) (汉译英)
56. 不管你在哪， 你都有可能遇到麻烦。 (no matter, likely) (汉译英)
第二节 书面表达(满分20分)
57. 假定你是李华，你的爱尔兰朋友John打算到漳州旅游，想提前了解漳州的旅游景点。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 推荐一个景点并说明理由；
2. 表达祝愿。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为100左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear John,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
听力答案：1-5BACAA 6-10BCCAB 11-15ACBBB 16-20BACAC漳州市2023-2024学年(上)期末高中教学质量检测
高一英语试题
(共150分，考试时间120分钟)
注:每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试卷上。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the weather like now
A. Cloudy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy.
2. What does the old lady teach her grandson
A. Yoga. B. Basketball. C. Dancing.
3. When will Carter start his holiday
A. In May. B. In July. C. In August.
4. What will George do tomorrow afternoon
A. Look after his sister. B. Repair the bicycle. C. Play tennis.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Their pets. B. Volunteer work. C. A rescue center.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6 Who is looking for a job
A. Tom. B. John. C. Susan.
7. When did Tom meet John
A. Last week. B. The day before yesterday. C. Yesterday.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. How did Tony learn to play the piano
A. By taking classes.
B. By teaching himself.
C. By learning from his father.
9. Why does Tony take a part-time job
A. To be with children. B. To get some experience. C. To earn money.
10. What will Tony talk about next
A. His childhood. B. His future plans. C. His college life.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is Peter
A. A student. B. A teacher. C. A hotel manager.
12. What does Linda care about most when choosing a hotel
A. The price. B. The food. C. The service.
13. What is Linda interested in
A. A gym. B. A movie room. C. A swimming pool.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What will students mainly do at the camp
A. Share food cultures. B. Learn to cook. C. Do outdoor activities.
15. Who can take part in the camp
A. Anyone interested. B. High school students. C. College students.
16. When will the camp end
A. On Jan. 22nd. B. On Jan. 25th. C. On Jan. 26th.
17. How will the speakers go to the camp
A. By car. B. By bus. C. By bike.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Why did the speaker go to the small park
A. To organize an activity. B. To do some cleaning. C. To take a walk.
19. Where does the speaker’s mother work
A. At a hospital. B. At a school. C. At a park.
20. What did the speaker think of her volunteer experience
A. Challenging. B. Tiring. C. Enjoyable.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共11小题;每小题2.5分，满分27.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Place an Advertisement or a Legal Notice in Los Angeles Times
Some moments and milestones need to be shared Place a legal notice, advertise your services, or sell your goods in the award-winning newspaper. No need to be an expert. There’s no responsibility to create an account or provide a credit card until you are ready to check out on our site.
3 Easy Steps
1. Go through Our Choices. Having trouble finding the right choice We’ll guide you.
2. Design & Schedule Your Ad or Notice. Customize your notice and get real-time price updates (更新).
3. Check Out. Once you check out you can continue to edit your order until the deadline (最后期限).
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What product or package should I choose
The Los Angeles Times offers dozens of advertising choices. The simplest way to find the right one for you is to visit our Ad Options page, and use the left hand navigation (导航).
2. What if I can’t find the type of advertisement that I want to place on the Self-Service site
Please contact us to see if we can find the right choice for you. Our inside sales team can be reached at 1-800-LATIMES, ext. 72769.
3. How far in advance do I need to hand in my advertisement in order for it to run
You can find the specific deadlines for the product you’re interested in, by visiting the More Info page for that specific product.
4. Do I need to create an account
Yes, in order for us to schedule your advertisement and charge (收费) you for it, we need you to create an account. But feel free to go through our products and design your advertisement without registering. If you need more information regarding our Privacy Policy, please click here.
1. What can we know about placing an advertisement or a legal notice in Los Angeles Times
A. You can enjoy the lowest price ever.
B You can edit it whenever you like.
C. You don’t need to put in much effort.
D. You don’t need to create an account.
2. What can one do if he isn’t sure when to hand in his advertisement
A. Visit the More Info page. B. Contact the inside sales team.
C. Search the Privacy Policy page. D. Use the navigation on the Ad Options page.
3. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A newspaper. B. A website. C. A magazine. D. A guidebook.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在《洛杉矶时报》上发布广告或法律通知的服务。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Place a legal notice, advertise your services, or sell your goods in the award-winning newspaper. No need to be an expert.(在获奖的报纸上发布法律通知，宣传你的服务，或者销售你的商品。不需要成为专家)”和“3 Easy Steps(3个简单步骤)”可推知，在《洛杉矶时报》上刊登广告或法律通知不麻烦，只需要3个简单步骤就可以完成，即不需要付出太多的精力。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Frequently Asked Questions部分第3条中“You can find the specific deadlines for the product you’re interested in, by visiting the More Info page for that specific product.(您可以通过访问该特定产品的More Info页面，找到您感兴趣的产品的具体截止日期)”可知，如果不确定什么时候提交广告，可以访问More Info页面。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“If you need more information regarding our Privacy Policy , please click here.(如果您需要更多关于我们的隐私政策的信息，请点击这里)”中“click here”可推知，本文出自一个网站。故选B项。
B
Once upon a time, there was a small village in the center of a big forest. All the villagers were used to their robotic farm work and none of them had the imagination or the will (意愿) to try something new, except for one girl named Jo. Very few could read or write, and Jo was one of them.
One afternoon, when Jo was on one of her explorations in the forest, she came upon an abandoned cottage (废弃的小屋). Though she’d been warned to stay away from abandoned places, her curiosity got the best of her. She slid in and was amazed to find a room full of books! Jo’s excitement was huge when she realized she had found a hidden treasure.
She ran to tell the villagers everything, thinking that they would share her excitement but instead, she heard roars of laughter! Jo was confused by this reaction (反应) and a little hurt too, but she did not give up on her books.
She came to the cottage every day and got down to reading the books. For her, each page was an adventure with characters who challenged difficulties with their determination and who struggled for good. Knowing the power of stories in impressing on people the values of life, she decided to share the stories with the villagers, though she knew it would be a difficult journey. Making this her mission (使命), Jo started telling stories every day at her cottage.
In the beginning, only a few came to the readings. But word spread rapidly, causing more and more people to come, some of whom even traveled from far away to just listen to her stories. She also conducted workshops in which she taught people how to read and write. She was remembered and lived in her stories even after she was long gone.
4. What do the underlined words “got the best of” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Prevented. B. Frightened. C. Cheated. D. Beat.
5. Why did the villagers laugh when Jo told them her discovery
A. They already knew it. B. They thought nothing of it.
C. It was related to something fun. D. It was all Jo’s imagination.
6. Which of the following best describe Jo
A. Caring but confusing. B. Honest and helpful.
C. Adventurous but careless. D. Determined and influential.
7. What is a suitable title for the text
A. The Discovery of a Hidden Treasure
B. Jo’s Journey: from Adventure to Education
C. The Power of Stories in Challenging Difficulties
D. Jo’s Adventure: Unearthing an Abandoned Cottage
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了小女孩乔通过自己的想象力和决心，将一个被遗忘的旧书屋变成了一个充满冒险和想象力的神圣地方。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线短语的上文“Though she’d been warned to stay away from abandoned places,(虽然她被警告要远离废弃的地方，)”和下文“She slid in and was amazed to find a room full of books! Jo’s excitement was huge when she realized she had found a hidden treasure.(她溜了进去，惊奇地发现满屋子都是书!当乔意识到她找到了一个隐藏的宝藏时，她非常兴奋。)”可知，乔虽然被警告远离废弃的地方，但是她还是去了，说明好奇心“战胜了”她，所以划线短语是“战胜、击败”的意思。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“She ran to tell the villagers everything, thinking that they would share her excitement but instead, she heard roars of laughter!(她跑去告诉村民们一切，以为他们会分享她的兴奋，但相反，她听到了哄堂大笑!)”和第四段“Knowing the power of stories in impressing on people the values of life, she decided to share the stories with the villagers, though she knew it would be a difficult journey(她知道故事的力量能让人们深刻认识到生命的价值，所以她决定与村民们分享这些故事，尽管她知道这将是一段艰难的旅程)”可推知，村民们哄堂大笑是因为他们对乔的发现不以为然。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Knowing the power of stories in impressing on people the values of life, she decided to share the stories with the villagers, though she knew it would be a difficult journey. Making this her mission (使命), Jo started telling stories every day at her cottage.(她知道故事的力量能让人们深刻认识到生命的价值，所以她决定与村民们分享这些故事，尽管她知道这将是一段艰难的旅程。把这作为她的使命，乔开始每天在她的小屋里讲故事)”和最后一段“In the beginning, only a few came to the readings. But word spread rapidly, causing more and more people to come, some of whom even traveled from far away to just listen to her stories.(一开始，只有少数人来阅读。但消息迅速传播开来，越来越多的人来听她的故事，其中一些人甚至从很远的地方来听她的故事。)”可知，乔是一个坚定而有影响力的人。故选D项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读可知，文章主要讲述了小女孩乔通过自己的想象力和决心，在探险时发现了一个被遗忘的旧书屋并将其变成了一个充满冒险和想象力的神圣地方，吸引了越来越多的人来听她的故事，且她还举办了讲习班，教人们如何阅读和写作，所以B选项“乔的旅程：从冒险到教育”能概括全文内容，适合用作文章标题。故选B项。
C
“Hallucinate” — the Word of 2023
Cambridge Dictionary has named “hallucinate” as the word of the year for 2023 — while giving it an added new meaning relating to AI (artificial intelligence) technology.
The added Cambridge Dictionary definition (定义) reads: “When an AI hallucinates, it produces false information, which can vary (变化) from suggestions that seem perfectly believable to ones that are clearly non-sense.”
Wendalyn Nichols, Cambridge Dictionary’s publishing manager, said: “The fact that AIs can ‘hallucinate’ reminds us that humans still need to bring their critical (批判的) thinking skills to the use of these tools. AIs can draw out specific information we need from huge amounts and piece it together. That’s amazing. But they just stop there. The more original (原创的) you ask them to be, the likelier they are to go wrong.”
Actually, at their best, AIs can only be as dependable as their training information. Humans’ professional knowledge is more important than ever, to create the truthful and up-to-date information that AIs can be trained on.
AIs can hallucinate in a confident and thus more misleading manner. Their influences have been shown in real-world examples. In Google’s advertisement for its chatbot Bard, the AI tool made an error about the James Webb Space Telescope. A US law company used cases made up by AIs in court after using ChatGPT for legal research.
“The widespread use of the word ‘hallucinate’ to refer to mistakes by AIs offers us a quick look at how we’re treating them as our equals,” said Dr Henry, an AI ethicist at Cambridge University. “‘Hallucinate’ is originally a verb suggesting someone experiencing a disconnect from reality,” he continued. “It mirrors an unnoticeable change in perception (认知): the AI, not the user, is the one ‘hallucinating’”. It seems that as time progresses, psychological vocabulary will be further enlarged to describe the strange abilities of the new intelligences we’re creating.
8. What can be learned about the false information AIs produce
A. It doesn’t make any sense to us. B. We didn’t know about it until 2023.
C. It happens because of AIs’ limitation. D. We invented a new word to describe it.
9. What may be the key to training AIs
A. The information they’re offered. B. The way they’re trained in.
C. The human experts they work with. D. The thinking skills they use.
10. Why does the author mention Google’s advertisement in paragraph 5
A. To introduce a new topic. B. To prove an established fact.
C. To compare the effects AIs produce. D. To list AIs’ different applications.
11. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. The proper way to treat AIs.
B. People’s understanding of AIs.
C. Comments on the new use of “hallucinate”.
D. The change in the meaning of “hallucinate”.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了剑桥词典近日宣布 2023 年年度词汇为“hallucinate”并赋予了它与人工智能技术相关的新含义。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The added Cambridge Dictionary definition (定义) reads: “When an AI hallucinates, it produces false information, which can vary (变化) from suggestions that seem perfectly believable to ones that are clearly non-sense.”(剑桥词典新增的定义是这样的：‘当人工智能产生幻觉时，它会产生虚假信息，这些信息可能会变化，从看似完全可信的建议到明显毫无意义的建议。’)”以及第三段Wendalyn Nichols所说话中的“AIs can draw out specific information we need from huge amounts and piece it together. That’s amazing. But they just stop there. The more original (原创的) you ask them to be, the likelier they are to go wrong. (人工智能可以从大量信息中提取出我们需要的特定信息，并将其拼凑在一起。这是惊人的。但他们就止步于此。你越要求他们原创，他们出错的可能性就越大。)”可知，人工智能可以从大量信息中提取出我们需要的特定信息并将其拼凑在一起，但是也仅限于此，当你越要求他们原创，他们出错的可能性就越大。由此可知，人工智能产生幻觉时会产生虚假信息，这是由于人工智能的局限性所导致的。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Actually, at their best, AIs can only be as dependable as their training information. Humans’ professional knowledge is more important than ever, to create the truthful and up-to-date information that AIs can be trained on.(实际上，在最好的情况下，人工智能只能和它们的训练信息一样可靠。人类的专业知识比以往任何时候都更重要，因为它可以为人工智能提供真实和最新的信息。)”可知，人工智能的可靠性取决于训练信息，而人类的专业知识比以往任何时候都更重要，因为它可以为人工智能提供真实和最新的信息；由此可知，培训人工智能的关键是人类运用专业知识提供给它们真实和最新的信息，这可以提高人工智能的可靠性。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。文章第五段“AIs can hallucinate in a confident and thus more misleading manner. Their influences have been shown in real-world examples. In Google’s advertisement for its chatbot Bard, the AI tool made an error about the James Webb Space Telescope. A US law company used cases made up by AIs in court after using ChatGPT for legal research.(人工智能可以自信地产生幻觉，从而更容易误导人。它们的影响已经在现实世界的例子中得到了体现。在谷歌的聊天机器人Bard的广告中，这个人工智能工具在詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜的问题上犯了一个错误。一家美国律师公司在使用ChatGPT进行法律研究后，在法庭上使用了人工智能编造的案例。)”指出，人工智能可以自信地产生幻觉，从而更容易误导人，作者运用谷歌的聊天机器人Bard的广告中Bard犯了错误以及一家美国律师公司在法庭上使用ChatGPT编造的案例，来证明证明一个既定的事实：人工智能可以自信地产生幻觉更容易误导人，这在现实世界得到了体现；故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。最后一段““The widespread use of the word ‘hallucinate’ to refer to mistakes by AIs offers us a quick look at how we’re treating them as our equals,” said Dr Henry, an AI ethicist at Cambridge University. “‘Hallucinate’ is originally a verb suggesting someone experiencing a disconnect from reality,” he continued. “It mirrors an unnoticeable change in perception (认知): the AI, not the user, is the one ‘hallucinating’”. It seems that as time progresses, psychological vocabulary will be further enlarged to describe the strange abilities of the new intelligences we’re creating.(剑桥大学人工智能伦理学家亨利Henry说：“‘幻觉’这个词被广泛用于指代人工智能的错误，这让我们迅速了解到，我们是如何平等地对待它们的。”“‘Hallucinate’最初是一个动词，表示某人与现实脱节，”他继续说道。“这反映了一种难以察觉的认知变化：产生‘幻觉’的是人工智能，而不是用户。”似乎随着时间的推移，心理学词汇将进一步扩大，以描述我们正在创造的新智能的奇怪能力。)”阐述了剑桥大学人工智能伦理学家亨利Henry对于“Hallucinate”被赋予了它与人工智能技术相关的新含义的评价，他认为这反应了我们是如何平等对待人工智能以及一种认知变化；C选项“Comments on the new use of “hallucinate”.(对‘hallucinate’新用法的评论)”能够概括本段主旨。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
You probably believe that weight loss has to be tied to countless hours at the gym or eating nothing but vegetables. Luckily, dropping a couple dress sizes doesn’t take anything that extreme. ____12____ Read on and I ensure you’ll be helped in your weight loss efforts.
Stop Eating Out. Think back to when your mother fed you. Do you remember what the dinner plates looked like Now compare that to what the “plates” look like at those chain restaurants. ____13____ There are dozens of studies about eating out and they all lead to one conclusion: if you eat out, you overeat! Take a break from eating out for the next six weeks and see how easily you can drop a dress size or even two.
____14____ You don’t have to avoid the foods that you enjoy — you just can’t eat big servings of them. An easy way to do this is to use smaller plates for your meals. ____15____ And don’t think that just because something is on your plate, you have to eat it. Different from what your mother told you, you don’t have to “clean your plate”. In fact — you shouldn’t. Eat slowly and stop when you aren’t hungry any more.
Make Better Choices. I know I just said that you can eat the foods you enjoy and still lose weight. ____16____ The key is moderation (适量). So when you shop, go to a wet market instead of a supermarket. When you’re at work, keep health snacks handy so you don’t have to turn to the company’s vending machine (自动贩卖机). Improving your choices will speed up your weight loss.
A. Lessen your intake.
B. Eat with smaller plates.
C. It’s no wonder you are putting on weight.
D. You will find that they have a lot in common.
E. But that doesn’t mean contenting yourself with candy and chips.
F. What it does take is making some small changes in your bad behaviors.
G. That way, you’re not losing the fun of eating while still exercising good judgment.
【答案】12. F 13. C 14. A 15. G 16. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些通过改变习惯减肥的方法。
【12题详解】
上文“Luckily, dropping a couple dress sizes doesn’t take anything that extreme.(幸运的是，减小几个裙子尺寸并没有那么极端)”提到了减肥没那么极端，可知本句是在说明减肥的正确方法。故F选项“真正需要做的是在你的坏习惯上做一些小的改变”符合语境，故选F。
【13题详解】
根据上文“Stop Eating Out. Think back to when your mother fed you. Do you remember what the dinner plates looked like Now compare that to what the “ plates” look like at those chain restaurants.(停止外出就餐。回想一下你妈妈给你提供食物时候。你还记得餐盘是什么样子吗？现在把它和那些连锁餐馆里的“盘子”相比较)”以及后文“There are dozens of studies about eating out and they all lead to one conclusion: if you eat out, you overeat! Take a break from eating out for the next six weeks and see how easily you can drop a dress size or even two.(有很多关于外出就餐的研究，它们都得出了一个结论：如果你外出就餐，你会吃得过多！在接下来的六个星期里，休息一下，不要出去吃饭，看看你是如何轻松地减掉一个甚至两个尺码的衣服)”可知，外出就餐会导致吃的更多，从而导致长胖。故C选项“难怪你长胖了”符合语境，承上启下。故选C。
【14题详解】
根据后文“You don’t have to avoid the foods that you enjoy — you just can’t eat big servings of them. An easy way to do this is to use smaller plates for your meals.(你不需要避开你喜欢的食物——你只是不能吃很多。一个简单的方法就是用小盘子吃饭)”可知，本段的建议是减少摄入量。故A选项“减少摄入量”符合语境，故选A。
【15题详解】
根据上文“An easy way to do this is to use smaller plates for your meals.(一个简单的方法就是用小盘子吃饭)”可知，本句承接上文，说明用小盘子吃饭对减肥的好处。故G选项“这样，你既不会失去吃东西的乐趣，又能保持良好的判断力”符合语境，故选G。
【16题详解】
根据上文“I know I just said that you can eat the foods you enjoy and still lose weight.(我知道我刚刚说过，你可以吃你喜欢的食物，仍然可以减肥)”以及后文“The key is moderation (适量).(关键是适度)”可知，上文提到吃喜欢的东西仍然可以减肥，后文提到了适度，故本句是在说明遵循“吃喜欢的东西仍然可以减肥”原则需要注意的问题。故E选项“但这并不意味着满足你吃糖果和薯条”符合语境，故选E。
第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分45分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。
I have worked with hundreds of students in my thirty-six years of Spanish teaching at Walpole High School in Massachusetts. Some of them are ____17____ while some are academically (学业上) at risk. ____18____ , only one stands out in my memory.
Vincent entered my classroom as a ____19____ freshman on his first day of high school. His eighth grade teacher had described him as that “ sad, introverted (内向的) boy always lowering his head.” As for his Spanish, he hadn’t had a lot of ____20____ before.
At first he was shy about ____21____ questions in Spanish. I told him I could relate to his shyness, but he needed to get over it and join in more ____22____ about his family and interests. Little by little Vincent became braver. Some classes even saw him not only ____23____ to answer questions but also share his opinions. I was beginning to view him as a ____24____ role model for the other students.
Once spring came I recommended he ____25____ the National Spanish Competition. Much to my ____26____ , he won the second prize. One of my ____27____ moments as his teacher was to call Vincent to the stage at our yearly Foreign Language Awards Night to ____28____ him for his outstanding performance.
Several years later when we ____29____ in the street, he told me my class was the first one where he had ____30____ success. It has impressed on me how important it is for teachers to ____31____ with kids and also reminded me how success produces success.
17. A. responsible B. gifted C. average D. hopeless
18. A. However B. At last C. Instead D. For example
19. A. confident B. curious C. nervous D. top
20. A. success B. courses C. plans D. difficulty
21. A. changing B. listing C. designing D. answering
22. A. reports B. conversations C. games D. jokes
23. A. pretend B. volunteer C. fail D. promise
24. A. shy B. different C. positive D. native
25. A. get ready for B. quit C. host D. sign up for
26. A. surprise B. disappointment C. confusion D. annoyance
27. A. busiest B. saddest C. funniest D. proudest
28. A. respect B. punish C. honor D. pardon
29. A. came across B. came along C. turned up D. turned around
30. A. copied B. tasted C. studied D. celebrated
31. A. play B. compete C. connect D. share
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. C 20. A 21. D 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了高一新生文森特刚开始很害羞，西班牙语也不是很好，且在课堂上不愿意回答问题，作者鼓励他克服害羞，慢慢地，他会主动在课堂上回答问题，并分享自己的观点。作者还鼓励他参加全国西班牙比赛，最终他获得第二名的好成绩。
【17题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们中的一些人天赋异禀，而另一些人则面临学业上的风险。A. responsible有责任的；B. gifted有天赋的；C. average平均的；D. hopeless没有希望的。由下文“while some are academically (学业上) at risk.”中的while可知，前后是对比关系，即一些人天赋异禀，而另一些人则学习成绩不好，故选B。
【18题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，只有一个在我的记忆中脱颖而出。A. However然而；B. At last最后；C. Instead相反；D. For example例如。上文“Some of them are ____1____ while some are academically (学业上) at risk.”提到作者教过上百个学生，有的很有天赋，而有的则学习成绩不行，下文“only one stands out in my memory.”指出只有一个学生让作者很难忘，上下文是转折关系，应用however，故选A。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：新生文森特在高中第一天紧张地走进我的教室。A. confident自信的；B. curious好奇的；C. nervous紧张的；D. top顶端的。由下文“His eighth grade teacher had described him as that “sad, introverted (内向的) boy always lowering his head”可知，文森特很内向，由此可推知，第一天去高中时应该很紧张，故选C。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于他的西班牙语，他以前并没有取得多大成功。A. success成功；B. courses课程；C. plans计划；D. difficulty困难。由下文“At first he was shy about ____5____questions in Spanish”可知，起初文森特不好意思用西班牙语回答问题，下文提到在作者的鼓励下慢慢地敢于在课堂上回答问题，并在全国西班牙比赛中获得第二名可知，他刚开始西班牙语并没有取得很大成功，即并没有很好。故选A。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初他不好意思用西班牙语回答问题。A. changing改变；B. listing列清单；C. designing设计；D. answering回答。由下文“answer questions”可知，他刚开始不好意思用西班牙语回答问题，但是在作者的鼓励下，他越来越勇敢，敢于在课堂上回答问题，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他我可以理解他的害羞，但他需要克服它并谈论更多有关他的家庭和兴趣。A. reports报告；B. conversations交谈；C. games游戏；D. jokes玩笑。由上文“I told him I could relate to his shyness, but he needed to get over it and join in more”以及上文提到的文森特很害羞，不敢在课堂回答问题，作者鼓励他，慢慢地他开始在课堂回答问题并分享自己的观点可知，作者应该是鼓励他谈论更多有关他的家庭和兴趣。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有的课堂甚至看到他不仅主动回答问题，还分享自己的观点。A. pretend假装；B. volunteer自愿做；主动要求做；C. fail失败；D. promise承诺。由上文“Little by little Vincent became braver.”和下文“to answer questions but also share his opinions”可知，文森特越来越勇敢，所以会主动在课堂上回答问题，并分享自己的观点，故选B。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开始把他视为其他学生的积极榜样。A. shy害羞的；B. different不同的；C. positive积极的；D. native本地的。由上文“Little by little Vincent became braver. Some classes even saw him not only ___7____ to answer questions but also share his opinions.”可知，文森特越来越勇敢，所以会主动在课堂上回答问题，并分享自己的观点，所以作者把他视为其他学生学习的积极榜样，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：春天来临时，我建议他报名参加全国西班牙语比赛。A. get ready for为……准备好；B. quit停止；C. host举办；D. sign up for报名参加。下文“he won the second prize.”提到文森特赢得了比赛第二名，说明在作者的建议下，他参加了全国西班牙语比赛。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，他获得了二等奖。A. surprise惊讶；B. disappointment失望；C. confusion困惑；D. annoyance恼怒。由下文“he won the second prize.”可知，文森特获得了第二名，这让作者感到很惊讶，故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词最高级辨析。句意：作为他的老师，我最自豪的时刻之一就是在我们一年一度的外语颁奖之夜邀请文森特上台，以表彰他的杰出表现。A. busiest最忙的；B. saddest最伤心的；C. funniest最有趣的；D. proudest最骄傲的。由上文“he won the second prize.”和下文“as his teacher was to call Vincent to the stage at our yearly Foreign Language Awards Night”可知，文森特获得了全国西班牙语比赛第二名，作者作为他的老师，在一年一度的外语颁奖之夜邀请他上台，这是作者最自豪的时刻，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为他的老师，我最自豪的时刻之一就是在我们一年一度的外语颁奖之夜邀请文森特上台，以表彰他的杰出表现。A. respect尊敬；B. punish惩罚；C. honor给……以荣誉；表彰；D. pardon原谅。由下文“him for his outstanding performance.”可知，邀请文森特上台，以表彰他的杰出表现，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：几年后，当我们在街上相遇时，他告诉我，在我的班级他第一次尝到成功的滋味。A. came across偶遇；B. came along过来；C. turned up出现；D. turned around转身。由下文“he told me my class was the first one”可知，作者在街上遇到文森特，他和作者谈话，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年后，当我们在街上相遇时，他告诉我，在我的班级他第一次尝到成功的滋味。A. copied复制；B. tasted品尝；C. studied学习；D. celebrated庆祝。由下文“success.”和上文提到作者的学生文森特获得了全国西班牙语比赛第二名可知，在作者的班级上，文森特第一次尝到成功的滋味。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让我印象深刻，老师与孩子们建立良好关系是多么重要，也提醒我成功是如何产生成功的。A. play玩；B. compete竞争；C. connect连接，建立良好关系；D. share分享。上文提到作者鼓励害羞的文森特在课堂上大胆用西班牙语回答问题，慢慢地文森特勇敢起来，开始在课堂上积极回答问题可知，作者作为一名老师对文森特产生了很大的影响，这让作者感悟到，学生与老师建立良好关系很重要，故选C。
第二节 单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
32. Villagers are requested ________ (preserve) the forests. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to preserve
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：村民们被要求保护森林。此处用固定短语be requested to do sth.表示“被要求做某事”，空处应用preserve“保护”的不定式形式，作主语补足语。故填to preserve。
33. It rained cats and dogs, ________ (cause) terrible flooding. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】causing
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：下起了倾盆大雨，造成了可怕的洪水。分析句式结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作状语，再分析句意，“造成了可怕的洪水”是自然而然，顺理成章的结果，所以用非谓语动词中的现在分词作结果状语。故填causing。
34. Diet and exercise are ________ (obvious) important for health. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】obviously
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：饮食和运动对健康显然很重要。设空处修饰形容词important作状语，用副词obviously。故填obviously。
35. She often swims to build up the ________ (strong) of her arms. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】strength
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她经常游泳以增强手臂的力量。由句意及空前的build up the可知，设空处应填strong的名词形式strength作宾语，意为“力量”，为不可数名词。故填strength。
36. China is and will be an engine for the ________ (globe) economy. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】global
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：中国现在是、将来也将是全球经济的引擎。分析句式结构可知，此处用提示词的形容词形式global作定语修饰名词economy表示“全球的”经济。故填global。
37. The film made a deep ________ (impress) on everybody who saw it. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】impression
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这部电影给每个看过的人都留下了深刻的印象。分析句子可知，空处作make的宾语，设空处应填名词，make an impression on sb.为固定搭配，意为“给……留下印象”。故填impression。
38. Picasso is an artist ________ paintings are recognized all around the world.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】whose
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：毕加索是一位艺术家，他的画是全世界公认的。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词artist指人，再根据从句中的名词paintings可知，此处用关系代词whose作定语修饰paintings，表示所属关系。故填whose。
39. We’re amazed at the means ________ which ancient Egyptians moved the stones. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】by
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：我们对古埃及人移动石头的方式感到惊讶。句子分析可知，“_______ which ancient Egyptians moved the stones”为“介词+which”引导的限制性定语从句，which指代先行词the means，表示“用……方法”means与介词by搭配，设空处应填介词by。故填by。
40. The mother was frightened because her son ________ (trap) in the burning house. (所给词适当形式填空)
【答案】was trapped
【解析】
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：母亲很害怕，因为她的儿子被困在着火的房子里。分析句意可知，本句时态为一般过去时，因为trap和从句中的主语her son之间是被动关系，所以从句用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语动词用be+过去分词，又因为her son是第三人称单数形式，所以be动词用was。故答案为was trapped。
41. Language is one of the ________ (factor) that affect cultural exchange among countries. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】factors
【解析】
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：语言是影响国家间文化交流的因素之一。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，factor为可数名词，意为“因素”，根据空前one of the可知设空处表示复数意义，应填factors，构成“one of the+名词复数”的结构。故填factors。
第三节 选词组填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下列句子，选择一个适当的词组填入空白处（注意：每个词组只用一次）。
even though major in other than suitable for in exchange for donates... to first aid kit in shock prevent ... from was based on
42. I gave him my camera ________ his watch.
43. The lonely girl has no close friends ________ me.
44. The man was ________ after hearing the bad news.
45. The English book is easy to read and ________ beginners.
46. He is the best teacher ________ he has the least experience.
47. My friend ________ blood ________ hospitals every few months.
48. His decision ________ research and investigation, which made it acceptable.
49. Nothing would ________ the brave boy ________ speaking out against anything unfair.
50. The coach had a ________ on hand in case any of the players got injured during the game.
51. My father advised me to ________ biology in college, for he hoped I would be a doctor.
【答案】42. in exchange for
43. other than
44. in shock
45. suitable for
46. even though
47. ①. donates ②. to
48. was based on
49. ①. prevent ②. from
50. first aid kit
51. major in
【解析】
【42题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：我用我的照相机换他的手表。短语in exchange for“交换”，作状语。符合句意。故填in exchange for。
【43题详解】
考查短语。句意：这个孤独的女孩除了我之外没有亲密的朋友。短语other than“除……以外”符合句意。故填other than。
【44题详解】
考查介宾短语。句意：听到这个坏消息后，这个人很震惊。设空处在句中作表语，短语in shock“震惊，吃惊”符合句意。故填in shock。
【45题详解】
考查形容词短语。句意：这本英语书容易读，适合初学者。设空处与“easy to read”并列，在句中作表语，形容词短语suitable for“适合……的，适合于……”符合句意。故填suitable for。
【46题详解】
考查连词。句意：他是最好的老师，尽管他经验最少。句子结构分析可知，设空处应填连词，even though“虽然”符合句意，在句中引导让步状语从句。故填even though。
【47题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意：我的朋友每隔几个月就去医院献血。donate…to…“向……捐赠……，捐赠……给……”，符合句意；第一空在句中作谓语动词，由时间状语“every few months”可知此句应用一般现在时，My friend作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数；因此，第一空填donates，第二空填介词to。故填①donates；②to。
【48题详解】
考查短语和时态。句意：他的决定是基于研究和调查的，这使其可以接受。短语be based on“以……为基础，根据……”符合句意，设空处在主句中作谓语，由从句“which made it acceptable”可知此句陈述过去的事情，主句也应用一般过去时态，His decision 作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数，设空处应填was based on。故填was based on。
【49题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：没有什么能阻止这个勇敢的男孩公开反对任何不公平的事情。动词短语prevent ... from“阻止……做某事”符合句意；由第一空前的would，可知第一空应填动词原形；因此，第一空填动词prevent，第二空填介词from。故填①prevent；②from。
【50题详解】
考查名词短语。句意：教练手边有一个急救箱，以防球员在比赛中受伤。由空前的had a 可知设空处应填名词（短语）单数形式，作宾语；名词短语first aid kit“急救包，急救药箱”符合句意。故填first aid kit。
【51题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：我父亲建议我在大学主修生物学，因为他希望我将来成为一名医生。动词短语major in“主修”符合句意。由空前“advised me to”可知设空处动词用原形，与to构成不定式作宾语补足语。故填major in。
第四部分 写作(共两节;满分35分)
第一节 英汉互译(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
根据提示翻译下列句子。
52. It is not unusual to feel stressed when you first start high school.(英译汉)
【答案】当你刚上高中时，感到有压力 是很正常的。
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构。本句是主从复合句。主句为It is not unusual to feel stressed，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，其中unusual翻译为“不正常的”与not连用表示“正常的”，动词不定式短语to feel stressed翻译为“感到有压力的”所以主句翻译为“感到有压力是很正常的”；从句为when引导的时间状语从句，其中first翻译为“第一次”，start high school翻译为“开始上高中”，所以从句翻译为“当你刚上高中时”，所以整句翻译为“当你刚上高中时，感到有压力 是很正常的”。故答案为：当你刚上高中时，感到有压力 是很正常的。
53. Those who will take part in the activity must provide their personal information.(英译汉)
【答案】那些要参加活动的人必须提供他们的个人信息。
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，who will take part in the activity是定语从句，修饰先行词those，take part in固定搭配，意为“参加”，Those who will take part in the activity翻译为“那些要参加活动的人”，“must”翻译为“必须”，“provide”为动词，翻译为“提供”，personal为形容词，翻译为“个人的”，information为名词，翻译为“信息”，故整句翻译为：那些要参加活动的人 必须提供他们的个人信息。
54. 我钦佩的是他的责任感。（强调句）（汉译英）
【答案】It is his sense of responsibility/duty that I admire./It was his sense of responsibility/duty that I admired.
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句型和时态。“钦佩”表达为动词admire，“他的责任感”表达为名词短语his sense of responsibility/duty，作动词admire的宾语；题干分析可知，此句用强调句型“It is/was +被强调部分+that…”表达，对“他的责任感（his sense of responsibility/duty）”进行强调；根据句意可知，此句既可用一般现在时表示陈述目前的状态，也可用一般过去时陈述过去的事情；故此句翻译为：It is his sense of responsibility/duty that I admire./It was his sense of responsibility/duty that I admired.
55. 1976 年7月唐山发生了一场强地震。 (strike) (汉译英)
【答案】A strong earthquake struck Tangshan in July, 1976.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。表示“一场强地震”翻译为a strong earthquake，作主语；表示“发生”此处应用动词strike，后跟Tangshan作宾语；表示“1976 年7月”翻译为in July, 1976。为一般过去时。故翻译为A strong earthquake struck Tangshan in July, 1976.
56. 不管你在哪， 你都有可能遇到麻烦。 (no matter, likely) (汉译英)
【答案】No matter where you are, you are likely to get into / meet / come across trouble(s).或No matter where you are, it’s likely that you’ll get into / meet / come across trouble(s).
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句和固定短语。表示“不管你在哪”应用no matter where，引导让步状语从句，翻译为no matter where you are；表示“可能”可用短语be likely to do sth.，为一般现在时；或用it’s likely that句型，it作形式主语，从句用一般将来时；表示“遇到麻烦”短语为get into / meet / come across trouble(s)。故翻译为No matter where you are, you are likely to get into / meet / come across trouble(s).或No matter where you are, it’s likely that you’ll get into / meet / come across trouble(s).
第二节 书面表达(满分20分)
57. 假定你是李华，你的爱尔兰朋友John打算到漳州旅游，想提前了解漳州的旅游景点。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 推荐一个景点并说明理由；
2. 表达祝愿。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为100左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear John,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear John,
I’m glad to hear that you’re planning a trip to Zhangzhou. Since you want to learn about Zhangzhou’s tourist attractions in advance, I’d like to recommend one to you — Nanjing Tulou.
Nanjing Tulou, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is a must-see in Zhangzhou. These round houses, built with special bricks and stones, are not only architecturally impressive but also offer a glimpse into the traditional lifestyle in the region. Besides, you can learn about the unique culture and history of the area while enjoying the stunning views.
I can’t wait to show you what my hometown has to offer and I’m sure we will have lots of fun together! Safe travels and best wishes!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以李华的身份，给想提前了解漳州旅游景点的爱尔兰朋友John写一封邮件，为他推荐一个当地的景点，说明自己推荐该景点的理由，并表达对他旅途的美好祝愿。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
建造：build→construct
此外：besides→what’s more, in addition
独特的：unique→distinctive
极好的：stunning→extraordinary, incredible
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：These round houses, built with special bricks and stones, are not only architecturally impressive but also offer a glimpse into the traditional lifestyle in the region.
拓展句：These round houses, which were built with special bricks and stones, are not only architecturally impressive but also offer a glimpse into the traditional lifestyle in the region.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Since you want to learn about Zhangzhou’s tourist attractions in advance, I’d like to recommend one to you — Nanjing Tulou. (运用了Since引导原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] I can’t wait to show you what my hometown has to offer and I’m sure we will have lots of fun together! (运用了what引导名词性从句作show的宾语)
听力答案：1-5BACAA 6-10BCCAB 11-15ACBBB 16-20BACAC
