(共47张PPT)
Unit 1
SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
Learning Objectives
Find out the stages of scientific research in this passage.
Learn about John Snow’s research process.
Express your ideas on the given topic through creative thinking.
What disease can you think of when you look at these pictures
COVID-19
COVID-19: an infectious disease.
It was discovered in the human body in 2019.
The virus is generally characterised by fever, dry cough and gradually dyspnea(逐渐出现呼吸困难).
The virus was confirmed to be with the phenomenon of human transmission and have latent(潜在的) infection.
The disease had no specific treatment at that time, so it broke out in 2020 and swept the globe.
Besides coronavirus, what other kinds of epidemics(流行病) have you heard of
Choleara
Add Something At Here
Add Something At Here
Add Something At Here
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Add Something At Here
Add Something At Here
Reading
John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”
Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific research
How many stages are needed to set out a scientific research
Draw a conclusion
Collect data
Ask a question
Find a problem
Analyze the results
Find supporting evidence
Think of a method
What order would you put them in
John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”
What does “ King ” imply in the title
The name of cholera
The causes of cholera
Cholera spread fast
Cholera is powerful and hard to cure
Read the title and predict.
John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”
Who
How
What
Main idea: The text is mainly about ____________ and ______ he defeat ________________
John Snow
how
King Cholera
Activity 2 : Read for the Structure
John Snow desired to ________ cholera.
John Snow decided to prove __________ theory.
Snow began his study by ___________________.
________________ of the infection of cholera.
Para. 1
Para. 2
Para. 3
Para. 4
The results and the _____________of Snow’s work.
Para. 5
What & Who
How
Truth
Results
destroy
the second
marking on a map
The truth
significance
Learning Objectives
Learn about John Snow and cholera.
Build up vocabulary in the context.
Para 1
germ
proof
theory
consequently
attend
investigate
dehydration
infection
cholera
frustrated
contradictory
diarrhoea
subscribe
overcome
severe
severe
Read the Para 1 and find the complex sentences and useful phrases.
Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world, until a British doctor, John Snow, showed how it could be overcome. This illness causes severe diarrhea , dehydration, and even death. In the early 19th century, when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died from the disease. As a young doctor, John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera. In time, he rose to become a famous doctor, and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth. However, he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all.
过去常常做某事
在19世纪早期
死于
最终;及时
逐渐成为
照顾;照料
最终的;彻底的
生育
all at once 突然;同时
at once 立刻,马上
once and again 一而再,再三
While-reading
Read for the imformation.
Para 1 Who & What
John Snow
Cholera
a ______________________ doctor
became _________
never ________________________ _________ once and for all
British, young and famous
_____________ Queen Victoria
attended to
frustrated
lost his desire to destroy cholera
one of __________________diseases
causes severe _____________ _________________________
millions of people __________
the disease in the early 19th century
the most feared
diarrhoea, dehydration and even death
died from
Para 2
germ
proof
theory
consequently
attend
investigate
prevent
infection
spread
frustrated
contradictory
destroy
subscribe
desire
severe
In general, doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. Snow subscribed to the second theory. It was correct, but he still needed proof. Consequently, when an outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, Snow began to investigate. He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why.
Read the Para 2 and find the complex sentences and useful phrases.
一般来说
如此… 以致于
决定
弄清楚
同意,赞成
In general, doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. Snow subscribed to the second theory. It was correct, but he still needed proof. Consequently, when an outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, Snow began to investigate. He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why.
Read the Para 2 and find the complex sentences and useful phrases.
1.最终地;彻底地 _________________
2. 过去常常做某事 _________________
3. 感到沮丧 _________________
4.照料 _________________
5.生孩子 _________________
6. 死于… _________________
7.最后;迟早 _________________
重点词块过关
once and for all
used to do …
feel frustrated
attend to
give birth to …
die from …
in time
重点单词
Part I 课文语法填空
JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”
Cholera used to be one of the most feared (1) _______(disease) in the world. Until a British doctor John Snow showed how it could be (2)_________ (overcome). This illness causes severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and even death. in the early 19th century(3) ______ an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died(4) ______ the disease. As a young doctor John Snow became(5) _________ (frustrat) because no one knew how (6) (prevent) or treat cholera. In time, he rose to become a famous doctor and even attended(7) ____Queen Victoria when she gave birth. However, he never lost his desire(8)_________ (destroy ) cholera once and for all.
diseases
when
from
frustrated
to destroy
to
overcome
to prevent
重点单词
Part I 课文语法填空
(9) general doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread. One theory was (10)_____ bad air caused the disease. (11) other was that cholera was caused by an (12) ________(infect) from germs in food or water. Snow subscribed (13) the second theory. It was correct, but he still needed proof. (14) ____________ (consequent), when an outbreak at cholera hit London in 1854, Snow began to investigate. He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe (15) _____more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why.
In
infection
Consequently
that
that
The
to
重点单词
Part I 课文语法填空
In general doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread. One theory was_____ bad air caused the disease. Another was that cholera was caused by an ________(infect) from germs in food or water. Snow subscribed to the second theory. It was correct, but he still needed proof. ____________ (consequent), when an outbreak at cholera hit London in 1854, Snow began to investigate. He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe _____more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why.
Snow began by ________(mark) on a map the exact places _______ all those who died had lived. There were multiple deaths near the water pump in Broad Street (especially house numbers 16, 3738, and 40). However some households (such as 20 and 21 Bread Street, and 8 and 9 Cambridge Streets)
that
infection
Consequently
that
marking
where
Read for the imformation.
Para 2&3 How
1. What problem did the two theories try to solve
To explain how Cholera spread.
2. What were the two theories and which did John Snow agree with
Two contradictory theories
Theory one:
caused by ________
Theory two:
caused by _______
bad air
germs
Snow subscribed to the second theory.
problem
Read for the imformation.
Para 2&3 How
3. What’s the proof he found
question
While-reading
Read for the imformation.
Para 2&3 How
What method did he use
How did he finally find out why
marking on a map
Analyze the map with your group member.
Which houses had more than 4 deaths in Broad Street
Which houses had no death in Broad Street
Para 3
germ
blame
water pump
consequently
accordingly
evidence
prevent
household
remove
frustrated
multiple
handle
suspect
track
severe
intervention
Snow began by marking on a map the exact places where all those who died had lived. There were multiple deaths near the water pump in Broad Street (especially house numbers 16, 37, 38, and 40). However, some households (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street, and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. These people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer, and so had not drunk the water from the pump. Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.
Read the Para 3 and find the complex sentences and useful phrases.
What is more, in another part of London, a woman and her daughter had died of cholera after moving away from Broad Street. It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. As a result of this evidence, John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used. Through this intervention, the disease was stopped in its tracks.
Read the Para 3 and find the complex sentences and useful phrases.
What is more, in another part of London, a woman and her daughter had died of cholera after moving away from Broad Street. It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. As a result of this evidence, John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used. Through this intervention, the disease was stopped in its tracks.
Read the Para 3 and find the complex sentences and useful phrases.
重点单词
Part I 课文语法填空
Snow began by (1)________(mark) on a map the exact places (2) _______ all those who died had lived. There were multiple (3)_______ (die) near the water pump in Broad Street (especially house numbers 16, 3738, and 40). However some households (such as 20 and 21 Bread Street, and 8 and 9 Cambridge Streets) had had no deaths. These people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. snow suspected that the water pump was (4)_________(blame).
deaths
marking
where
to blame
重点单词
Part I 课文语法填空
what is (5) (much), in another part of London, a woman and her daughter had died of cholera after moving away from Broad street. It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it (6) ___________(deliver) to her house every day. (7) _____ a result of this evidence, John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. (8) (according), he had the handle of the pump (9) ________ (remove) so that it could not be used. Through this (10) (interven),the disease was stopped in its tracks.
As
removed
delivered
more
Accordingly
intervention
While-reading
Read for the imformation.
Para 2&3 How
Any other evidence
What result did he get
Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.
A woman and her daughter died in another part of London after drinking water from the pump.
John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs.
John Snow had the handle of the pump removed.
The disease was stopped.
Para 4 - 5
germ
pure
link
pollute
statistics
substantial
prevent
raw
infect
decrease
waste
likely
transform
severe
intervention
The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste. Moreover, Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London. Some companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water.
Read the Para 4 and find the complex sentences and useful phrases.
【
】
【 】
【 】
【 】
Through Snow’s tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. However, cholera is still a problem. Each year, millions of people around the world get cholera and many
die from it. Fortunately, we now know how to prevent cholera, thanks to the work of John Snow. Moreover, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases. For this reason, Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology.
Read the Para 5 and find the complex sentences and useful phrases.
【
】
重点单词
The(1) _____(true) was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste. Moreover Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera(2) _____ the different water companies in London. Some companies sold water from the River Thames(3) _________ was polluted by raw waste The people who drank this water were much more likely(4) ______ get cholera than those(5) ______drank pure or (6)_______(boil) water.Though Snow's (7)_______(tire) efforts, water companies began to sell clean water and the threat of cholera around the world(8) ______(see) a substantial decrease. However, cholera is still a problem. Each year millions of people around the world get cholera and many die from it. (9)_________(fortunate), we now know how to prevent cholera, thanks to the work of John Snow. Moreover, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases.(10) _____this reason, Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology.
and
truth
that/which
to get
who
boiled
tireless
saw
Fortunately
For
Read for the stages.
Think of a method
Collect data
Analyse the results
Find supporting evidence
Draw a conclusion
Find a solution
A: It was believed that cholera was caused by bad ____ or germs in _______________.
B:Snow____________the places where the people who ____ had lived
C:Many deaths occurred near the __________ in Broad Street.
Some people __________ drunk the water from the pump, and lived.
A woman and her daughter died in another part of London after _____________________.
D: The pump water carried
__________.
Match the following headers with the letters from the chart above. Write A-E in the blanks.
conclusion
evidence
handle
process
solution
theories
Read the passage again and complete the chart below.
E: The _______ of the pump was removed.
air
food or water
marked on
died
water pump
hadn’t
drinking water from the pump
cholera germs
Post-reading
In order not to get infected with disease, what should we pay attention to in our daily life.
Drink boiled water.
Remember to wear a mask when going out.
Heat the food left overnight.
Wash your hands often.
Cook raw food thoroughly.
Deal with rubbish timely and properly.
Post-reading
Tu Youyou
Yuan Longping
John Snow
malaria
shortage of food
cholera
Qualities
passion
creativity
devotion
selflessness
hard work
What qualities do you need to be a scientist
Post-reading
Thanks