北师大版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 6 The admirabl课件（7份ppt+7份学案）

(共69张PPT)
Section A　Topic Talk
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．____________ vt. 治好(疾病)；治愈
n. 疗法
2．____________ n. 职业，事业
3．____________ n. 一代(人)
4．____________ n. 邪恶之事；祸害
adj. 邪恶的
5．____________ n. 边缘
cure　
career
generation
evil　
edge
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．admire vt.钦佩；欣赏→________ adj.令人钦佩的，极其出色的→________ n．钦佩
2．remark n．言论；引人注目；显耀→________ adj.不寻常的；显著的；非凡的
3．just adj.公正的；正义的；正当的→________ n.公平，公正
4．intelligence n．智力；才智；智慧→________ adj.聪敏的；有智慧的
5．generous adj.无私的；慷慨的；大方的→________ adv.慷慨地；大方地→________ n．慷慨，大方
admirable
admiration
remarkable　
justice
intelligent
generously
generosity
6．create vt.创造；创作→________ n．创造，创作；创建作品→________ adj.创造性的，有创造力的→________ adv.创造性地→________ n．独创性，创新性，独创的能力
7．man n．人，男人→________ n．人类
8．form n．形，形状vt.形成，构成，养成→________ vt.修正，改良，改革n.改善；改正，改革
creation
creative
creatively
creativity
mankind　
reform
Ⅲ.重点短语(英汉互译)
A 写出下列短语的汉意
1．put out fires ________________
2．fight for justice ________________
3．cure diseases ________________
4．work for the next generation ________________
5．social reform ________________
6．have...in mind ________________
7．in the face of trouble ________________
8．the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) ________________
9．be honoured as a role model ________________
灭火
为正义而战
治愈疾病
为下一代工作
社会改革
心里已有……
在困难面前
中国人民解放军　
被评为楷模
B 写出下列汉语所对应的英语短语
1．_____________________________ 保护人们/建筑/环境
2．___________________ 作出重大发现
3．_____________________ 把世界变得更美好
4．______________________ 对世界产生影响
5．_______________________________ 对人类作出重大贡献
protect people/buildings/the environment
make important discoveries
make the world a better place
make a difference to the world
make a remarkable contribution to mankind
第一版块|核心单词
1)admirable adj.令人钦佩的，极其出色的(→admirably adv.值得钦佩地；极其出色地)
(教材原句)The Admirable令人钦佩的人
He helped the old man in an admirable manner.
他用一种令人钦佩的方式帮助了那位老人。
It is an admirable place to come to for a holiday and rest.
这是个度假休养的好去处。
admire sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而钦佩/赞赏某人
admire oneself 自我欣赏
admire sb. for one's courage 佩服某人的勇气
admire the view 欣赏风景
admire the moon 赏月
admire one's gift 羡慕某人的才华
You have to admire the way he handled the situation.
你不得不佩服他处理这个局面的手段。
The school is widely admired for its excellent teaching.
这所学校教学优秀，远近称誉。
She couldn't help but notice his admiring glance.
她无法不注意他爱慕的眼神。
have admiration for 对……表示钦佩
in/with admiration 钦佩地；赞赏地
express one's admiration 表达某人的敬佩之情
admiration for 对……的敬佩之情
watch in admiration 赞赏地观看
be full of admiration/be filled with admiration
满怀钦佩之情
I have great admiration for her as a writer.
我十分钦佩她这位作家。
Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for what Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.读多丽丝·莱辛的传记时，我对她在文学上所取得的成就钦佩不已。
All of the musicians performed admirably.
那些音乐家都演奏得极好。
[拓展]　admire vt.钦佩；欣赏→admirer n．钦佩者，赞赏者；追求者，爱慕者→admiring adj.赞赏的，羡慕的，钦佩的→admiration n．赞赏，钦佩；羡慕
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①She's got a secret ________ (admire) who keeps sending her gifts.
②I think you showed ________ (admire) self control in your answer.
③I think she dealt ________ (admirable) with a very difficult situation.
④The public admire Tu Youyou ______ her great contributions to medicine.
⑤Annette was getting lots of ________ (admire) glances in her new red dress.
⑥I've got a lot of ________ (admire) for people who do that sort of work.
admirer　
admirable　
admirably
for　
admiring
admiration
完成句子
⑦At first I thought he was smiling ____________ (钦佩地).
⑧I don't agree with her, but I ____________ (因……而钦佩她) sticking to her principles.
in admiration
admire her for
2)career n．职业，事业；生涯，(一段)工作经历
(教材原句)Careers doctor, firefighter, scientist, police officer, writer 职业　医生、消防员、科学家、警官、作家
a career as... 当……的职业
a teaching career 教学生涯
a career in... 在……领域的职业
pursue/make a career 从事职业/开创事业
a career soldier 职业军人
begin/choose a career 开始/选择一项事业
a change of career 改换职业
During the journey, Raynor began a career as a nature writer.在旅途中，雷诺开始了作为一名自然作家的职业生涯。
She has been concentrating on her career.
她一直专心致志于她的本职工作。
Despite his wealth, he worked to make a career in science.尽管他很富有，但他还是努力在科学方面建功立业。
My school career was not very impressive.
我的学业成绩并不很出色。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He's hoping for a career ________ web design.
②He's hoping for a career in the police ________ a police officer.
完成句子
③It is not easy to ______________ (开创事业) broadcasting.
④________________ (干演员这一行) requires one hundred percent commitment.
in
as
make a career in
A career as an actor
3)justice n．公平，公正，公道；法律制裁，司法
bring sb. to justice 将某人绳之以法；将某人缉拿归案
do justice to sb./sth.＝do sb./sth. justice
公平对待某人/某事；恰当处理某人/某事
a sense of justice 正义感
do sb. an injustice 冤枉某人；使某人受屈
Justice has long arms.(谚)天网恢恢，疏而不漏。
They are asking for equal rights and justice.
他们要求平等的权利和公正的待遇。
He determined to bring the killers to justice.
他决心将凶手绳之以法。
That photo doesn't really do justice to her good looks.
那张照片并不能真正反映出她的美貌。
[拓展]　injustice n．不公正，不公平
just adj.公正的，正直的，对的，正义的
justly adv.公正地；正当地
We may have been doing him an injustice. The work is good.我们可能冤枉他了。这项工作干得不错。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①There's no ________ (just) in the world when people can be made to suffer like that.
②The police are doing all they can to bring the murderer ________ justice.
③The final score doesn't do justice ________ our team's performance.
④Nothing would prevent him from speaking out against ________ (justice).
⑤You do me _____ injustice if you think I'm unwilling to help.
⑥It is the most important contribution for the country to deal with things ________ (just).
justice
to
to
injustice
an
justly
4)cure vt.治好(疾病)；治愈n.疗法；对策，措施，解决办法(→curable adj.可治愈的→incurable adj.不可治愈的)
(教材原句)cure diseases治愈疾病
cure sb. 治好某人
cure sth. 治愈某种疾病；解决某个问题
cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人的某种疾病；矫正/改正某人的某种不良行为
a cure for... ……的治愈方法；解决……的措施
He says he can cure me but I still doubt him.
他说他能治好我的病，但我还是不相信他。
When I left the hospital I was completely cured.
出院时，我已经痊愈了。
The doctor didn't let me down. He cured my father of his illness.医生没让我失望。他治好了我父亲的病。
Scientists are looking for a cure for the deadly disease.
科学家们正在寻找这种致命疾病的疗法。
The best cure for boredom is hard work!
消除无聊最有效的办法就是努力工作！
Most skin cancers are curable if treated early.
如果尽早治疗，多数的皮肤癌是可以治好的。
The baby was born with an incurable heart condition.
这个婴儿一出生就患有无法治愈的心脏疾病。
[拓展]　与cure sb. of sth.结构相同的短语：
accuse sb. of sth.控告某人某事
inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事
rob sb. of sth.抢劫某人某物
cheat sb. of sth.骗取某人某物
remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事
warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事
convince sb. of sth.使某人相信某事
rid sb. of sth.使某人摆脱某事
suspect sb. of sth.怀疑某人涉嫌某事

[比较]　cure/treat (vt.)
cure治愈，cure sth.治好病，cure sb. of sth.治好某人的病；
treat治疗，treat sb./sth.治疗病人或治病，treat sb. with sth.用……治疗某人，treat sb. for sth.治疗某人的疾病(不强调治愈)。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He is suffering from a(n) ________ (curable) skin disease.
②To our surprise and joy, moving to the country cured her ________ the disease.
③After his wife died, he ________ (cure) of his habit of smoking.
④Human life is also threatened for lack of cures _______ certain disease and healthy groundwater.
⑤If it's caught before it spreads below the skin's surface, it's highly ________ (cure).
incurable　
of
was cured
for
curable
完成句子
⑥They are trying to ________________________ (治愈他的毒瘾) but he is beyond hope.
⑦Many people believe that prison isn't _________ (治愈……的良方) crime.
⑧The old photos ______________ (让我想起) the happy days I spent on the island.
选词填空：cure/treat
⑨The doctor can ________ him for his bad cold, but can't ________ him of the cancer.
cure him of his drug addiction
a cure for
reminded me of
treat
cure
5)generation n．一代(人)；(产品发展的)代；产生，发生(→generate vt.产生，创造→generator n．发电机)
(教材原句)for the next generation为下一代
future generations 后代
from generation to generation 一代代地；世世代代；祖祖辈辈
for generations 好几代，几代人
the younger/older generation 年轻/年老一代
It's our duty to protect the planet for future generations.
为了子孙后代保护好这个星球是我们的职责。
Both parents and teenagers must try to bridge the generation gap between them.
父母和青少年都必须努力填补他们之间的代沟。
My family have lived in this house for generations.
我家祖祖辈辈都住在这所房子里。
This book was handed down from generation to generation.
这本书世代相传。
Dams were built for the generation of electricity.
建水坝是作发电之用。
generate electricity 发电
generate heat 发热
generate profits 创收
generate from... 由……产生
We can't generate enough power for the entire city.
我们不能为整个城市生产足够的能量。
Friction generates heat.摩擦生热。
Living cells generate energy from food.
活细胞用食物制造能量。
The company's activities generate profits.公司业务产生利润。
[拓展]
a generation of...一代……
a generation gap代沟
a new generation of vehicle
新一代交通运输工具
the Lost Generation迷惘的一代
the generation of electricity发电
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①China is willing to work with other countries to create a better future for ________ (generation) to come.
②The traditional craft has been passed down ________ generation to generation.
③Coal is still the raw material used for most of the UK's electricity ________ (generate).
完成句子
④The main cause of __________ (代沟) is the lack of communication.
⑤The idea of passing down his knowledge ____________________ (世世代代) is important to McLean.
generations
from
generation
generation gap
from generation to generation
6)reform n．改革，改进　vt.改革　vt. & vi.(使)改过自新
(教材原句)social reform社会改革
far reaching/major reforms 意义深远的/重大的变革
economic/educational/social reform 经济/教育/社会改革
make reforms 进行改革
reform oneself 改过自新
reform the social security system 改革社会保险体制
a reformed character 改过自新的人
The reform in teaching methods is warmly welcomed by students.教学方法的改革受到了学生们的热烈欢迎。
Many reforms must be made to the educational system.
教育体制要做许多改革。
We are reforming our economic system.
我们正在改革我们的经济体制。
The only way out for you is to reform yourself.
你唯一的出路就是悔过自新了。
When his court case was coming up, James promised to reform.他的案子即将开审的时候，詹姆斯保证会改过自新。

[拓展]
curriculum reform课程改革
educational reform教育改革
reform and opening up改革开放
economic reform经济改革
health care reform医疗改革
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The political ________ (reform) have led to major structural changes in the economy.
②The benefit system is complicated and needs to __________ (reform).
完成句子
③He intends to _________________ (进行一些改革) in the prison system.
④______________ (经济改革) will continue to be painful and ineffective.
⑤We will try to _________ (改造他) within the community.
reforms
be reformed
make several reforms
Economic reform
reform him
7)remarkable adj.不寻常的；显著的，引人注目的；非凡的，奇异的
(教材原句)a remarkable contribution to mankind
对人类的卓越贡献
a remarkable achievement/career/talent
非凡的成就/事业/才能
remarkable development 显著发展
be remarkable for 因……而引人注目
It is remarkable that... 值得注意的是……，令人惊讶的是……
The area is remarkable for its beautiful scenery.
这一地区以其优美的景色而引人瞩目。
It is remarkable that nobody noticed it sooner.
值得注意的是，没人早点儿发现这一点。
He is a remarkable man.他是个非凡卓越的人。
remark n. 谈及；言论；评述；引人注目；显耀
vt. & vi. 说起；谈论，评论
make a remark (on)/ make remarks (on) 发表评论
remark on... 评论/谈论……
He made a number of rude remarks about the food here.
关于这里的食物他作了许多无礼的评论。
The judges remarked on the high standard of entries for the competition.评委们说参赛作品水准很高。
[拓展]
remarkably adv.非常地；显著地；引人注目地
The car is in remarkably good condition for its age.就车龄而论，这辆车的状况好极了。
The fighter was remarkably calm at such a great danger.面对如此大的危险，这位战士非常冷静。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①It's that kind of courage and determination that makes him such a ________ (remark) character.
②On the whole the celebrations were ________ (remarkable) peaceful. It seemed almost too good to be true.
③The young man made _______ very intelligent remark on this issue.
④I was just remarking ________ how well you two normally get on with each other.
完成句子
⑤____________________ (真是了不起) she is still alive in the serious accident.
remarkable
remarkably
a
on
It is quite remarkable that
8)intelligent adj.聪敏的；有智慧的(→intelligently adv.聪明地；明智地intelligence n．智力，智慧)
(教材原句)brave, intelligent, creative, sensible, capable, hard working, generous
勇敢，聪明，有创造力，明智，有能力，勤奋，大方
a highly intelligent child 一个非常聪明的孩子
intelligent software/systems 智能软件/系统
forms of intelligent life 智慧生命的形式
ask an intelligent question 问一个机智的问题
All human beings are much more intelligent than animals.所有的人都比动物聪明得多。
Helen had a few intelligent ideas to say on the subject.
关于这个主题，海伦有一些颇有见地的想法要说。
artificial intelligence 人工智能
intelligence quotient (IQ) 智商
have the intelligence to do sth. 有做某事的智慧
a person of high/average/low intelligence
智力高的/一般的/低下的人
He didn't even have the intelligence to call for an ambulance.他连呼叫救护车的头脑都没有。
She intelligently decided to wait until the rush hour was over before driving home.
她聪明地决定等到交通高峰结束再开车回家。
[易混比较]
intelligent指有才智的、悟性强的、聪明的。
smart指聪明的、机敏的、精明的。
clever指聪明的、聪颖的，多用于儿童、学生。
brilliant指聪颖的、才华横溢的。
bright指聪明的、悟性强的，多用于儿童和年轻人。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①They are searching for ________ (intelligence) life forms in other solar systems.
②Man is still far ____________ (intelligent) than the cleverest robot.
③Know what's happening around you, and look for ways to work _________ (intelligent).
④It requires a high degree of ________ (intelligent) to do this job well.
完成句子
⑤He does not _________________ (有……的智慧) tell right from wrong.
intelligent
more intelligent
intelligently
intelligence
have the intelligence to
9)generous adj.无私的，慷慨的，大方的；宽厚的，宽宏大量的，仁慈的；丰富的，充足的，大的
be generous to sb. 对某人宽容/大方
be generous with sth. 在某方面大方
be generous in doing sth. 慷慨地做某事
It is generous of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事很大方。
Although he was poor, he was quite generous to his poor friends.他虽穷，但对贫苦的朋友很慷慨。
She's been very generous with her time, for which I was grateful.她毫不吝惜自己的时间，对此我非常感激。
He was always generous in sharing his enormous knowledge.
他一直不吝分享自己丰富的知识。
It was generous of you to lend me the money.
你借给我钱，真是太慷慨了。
generously adv. 大方地；慷慨地
generosity n. 大方；慷慨
with generosity 慷慨地
an act of generosity 慷慨之举
one's generosity to/towards... 某人对……的慷慨
show (sb.) generosity (对某人)表现出慷慨
He treated them with generosity and thoughtfulness.
他待他们宽容大度、体贴周到。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The old lady is always very generous ________ the kids.
②Jim is very generous ________ his money.
③He is generous ________ giving help to those in need.
④He accepted the apology ________ great generosity.
⑤It is very ________ (generosity) of you to share your food with me.
⑥Those people, in turn, will connect better with others and treat them more ________ (generous).
⑦There are stories about his ________ (generous), the massive amounts of money he gave to charities.
⑧While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show ________ (generous) and sympathy.
to
with
in
with
generous
generously
generosity
generosity
第二版块|重要短语
1)put out fires灭火)
(教材原句)put out fires and save people's lives灭火并且救人
put out 扑灭；熄灭；生产；伸出；预备好(以便使用)；出版(书刊等)
It took the firefighters more than three days to put out forest fires.消防队员花了三天多时间扑灭了森林大火。
And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits.
别忘了准备一些饼干和水果。
The factory puts out cell phones.这家工厂生产手机。
She put out her hand and took off her sunglasses.她伸手摘下太阳镜。
We're going to put out a new book next month.我们打算下月出版一本新书。
make a fire 生火
light a fire 点火
catch fire 着火
open fire on... 向……开火/开枪
set...on fire/set fire to... 使……燃烧；放火烧……
be on fire 着火；火辣辣的
play with fire 玩火；做危险的事情
There is a thick covering of leaves in the forest, which are very easy to catch fire.
森林中有厚厚的一层树叶，它们是非常容易着火的。
Many of the buildings in the west of the city are on fire.
该城西部的许多建筑都着火了。
I stood frozen as ice, but my face was on fire. I wanted to get into a hole and hide.
我呆呆地站着，脸上火辣辣的，恨不能找个洞躲进去。
It is dangerous for children to play with fire.
孩子们玩火是危险的。
(10) A cigarette end set the house on fire.
一根烟蒂点燃了这所房子。
[辨析]
put out (扑灭)与go out (火自行)熄灭
put out“扑灭”，及物动词词组，其后接宾语。
We finally put out the fire.
我们终于扑灭了火。
go out“熄灭”，不及物动词词组，其后不接宾语。
Thanks to the rain, the fire went out.
多亏了这场雨，大火自行熄灭了。
[拓展]
put的相关搭配
put up with　　忍受，容忍
put away 放好；储存
put aside 把……放在一边
put down 放下；写下；平定
put off 推迟，延期
put on 穿上，戴上；上演
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Women were screaming; some of the houses nearest to the bridge were ________ fire.
②Do not play ________ fire at home so as to avoid house fire.
③By the time the firemen arrived, they had already put ________ fires.
on
with　
out
完成句子
④Sam ________ (点火) to welcome us home.
⑤They are frightened to see two men _________ (向……开枪) a group of wolves.
⑥The police haven't found out who ________ (放火烧) the store.
⑦The wooden houses were pulled down, and the fire gradually __________ (熄灭).
lit a fire
open fire on
set fire to
went out
2)fight for努力争取；为……斗争
(教材原句)fight for justice为正义而战
fight for freedom 为自由而战
fight for one's equal rights 为某人的平等权利而战
fight against... 为反对……而斗争
fight with... 与……争斗/争辩
fight back 还击，抵抗
fight hand to hand 短兵相接；打肉搏战
fight one's way 奋力辟出一条路
fight about/over sth. 因某事而争辩
Graduates have to fight for jobs in a highly competitive market.
毕业生不得不在竞争激烈的市场上奋力争取找到工作。
We joined up to fight for our motherland.
我们参军为祖国而战。
She looked away, fighting back her tears.
她看着别处，强忍着泪水。
The young couple often fight with each other about money.这对年轻夫妇经常为钱的事吵架。
She fought her way back into the national team.
她奋力拼搏，又重新回到了国家队。
[误区警示]　
fight也可作及物动词，可接普通名词或同源宾语。
Our soldiers fought a wonderful fight against the floods.我们的战士与洪水做斗争，打了一个漂亮仗。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①They had to fight hard ________ improvements to the road system.
②He was always fighting _____ his neighbours ________ the noise.
③We must take strict measures to fight ________ pollution.
④I had to fight ________ the tears when he said he was leaving.
完成句子
⑤The medical community continues to work hard to ________________ (与……做斗争) cancer.
⑥The crazy fans ______________ (奋力前进) past bodyguards and tore at his clothes.
for
with
over/about
against　
back　
fight against
fought their way
3)have...in mind心里已有……；想到……；打算……
(教材原句)Do you have someone in mind that you admire
你心目中有钦佩的人吗？
Do you have anyone in mind for this job
你有没有想到什么人可以做这项工作？
What did you have in mind, Miss Ream A bust
你有什么想法，雷姆小姐？半身像？
[拓展]
bear/keep sth. in mind 记住某事
keep/bear in mind that... 记住……，将……记在心中
be of the same mind 意见相同；保持原来的意见
change one's mind 改变主意
lose one's mind 失去理智
come into one's mind 掠过/进入某人的脑海
cross one's mind (念头或想法)在头脑中闪现
fix/focus/concentrate one's mind on/upon
把注意力集中在……
keep one's mind on 专心于……
make up one's mind (to do sth.) 下定决心(做某事)
read one's mind 看出某人的心思
It's a good idea—I'll bear it in mind.
这是个好主意，我会记在心里的。
We are of the same mind about this issue.
我们在这个问题上意见一致。
It would never cross my mind to bother her by asking for a pencil.我永远也不会想去通过借铅笔来打扰她。
His parents always know when he's lying. They know him well enough to read his mind.
他父母总是知道他有没有说谎。他们太了解他，所以知道他在想什么。
[语境助记]
What price range do you have in mind
你心里有什么样的价格范围？
—Maybe we could celebrate tonight.
或许我们今晚可以庆祝一下。
—What did you have in mind
你有什么打算？
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①If you concentrate your mind ________ studying English, you will master the language.
②A good idea came gradually ________ his mind as he stood there.
③I'm glad we are ________ the same mind on the discount question.
④Keep ________ mind that nobody is more reliable than yourself.
⑤He has made ________ his mind to overcome his shortcomings.
完成句子
⑥Whenever or however you take notes, ______________ (记住) that note taking is a selective process.
on
into
of
in
up
keep/bear in mind
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Combating climate change is an objective not only for us but also for the future of ________ (人类).
2．The dolphin is an ________ (聪明的) animal.
3．They were accused of attempting to obstruct ________ (公正).
4．Natural resources should be handed on to the next ________ (一代人) intact.
5．What made you decide on a ________ (职业) as a host
mankind
intelligent　
justice　
generation　
career
6．An operation finally ________ (治愈) his shin injury.
7．The school is widely ________ (钦佩) for its renowned teaching.
8．He showed ________ (不寻常的) endurance throughout his illness.
9．Is there any ________ (不同) between A and B
10．The party embarked on (启动) a programme of ecology ________ (改革).
cured
admired　
remarkable　
difference　
reform
Ⅱ.短语填空
put out, do justice to, make a difference, be remarkable for, fight for, have...in mind, be generous with, be generous to
1．The area ______________ its scenery and natural ecology.
2．If we combine our efforts, we can ______________．
3．You cannot ____________ such a remarkable situation in just a few pages.
4．Firemen tried to free the injured and _______ the blaze caused by the eruption.
is remarkable for
make a difference
do justice to
put out
5．Graduates have to _______ jobs in a highly competitive market.
6．What kind of party do you ____________？
7．She's very ____________ her praise.
8．They have been extremely ____________ the church.
fight for
have in mind
generous with
generous to
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
A
1．Bravery is her most ________ (admire) quality and she has a lot of friends.
2．It's the most powerful branch of artificial ________ (intelligent).
3．On the whole the celebrations were ________ (remarkable) good humored and peaceful. It seemed almost too good to be true.
4．We would like to thank all the explorers who gave so ________ (generous) their time.
5．Teachers should inspire all students to think ________ (creative).
admirable
intelligence　
remarkably
generously
creatively
B
1．[天津卷]No one could be ________ (generous); he has a heart of gold.
2．[福建卷]The battle lasts little more than half an hour, in which time around 50，000 kilograms of tomatoes have been thrown at anyone or anything that moves, runs, or ________ (fight) back.
1．答案与解析：more generous　“否定词＋比较级”表示“不可能更……，再……不过”，比较级用在否定句中表示最高级含义。
2．答案与解析：fights　句意：战斗持续了半个多小时，在这段时间里，大约有5万千克的西红柿被扔向任何移动、奔跑或反击的人或物。第二个or前面的动词都是第三人称单数形式，所以此处应与之一致。
3．[2020·天津二考]I plan to make it in an ________ (admire) manner.
4．[2020·江苏卷]The daily number of newly ________ (cure) and discharged (出院) patients exceeded that of the newly confirmed cases.
5．[2022·新高考全国Ⅱ卷]After two years, the second group saw ________ (remark) improvements in heart health.
3．答案与解析：admirable　用形容词作定语。句意：我计划用一种令人钦佩的方式来做。
4．答案与解析：cured　用and连接两个并列的过去分词作定语。句意：日新治愈出院病例数超过新确诊病例数。
5．答案与解析：remarkable　名词需要形容词修饰。句意：两年后，第二组的心脏健康状况有了显著改善。
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．实际上我们确实在考虑设一个职位。你为什么不填一下我们的申请表呢？
Actually we do _____ a position _______. Why don't you fill out our application
2．多亏了他们，一家人才从大火中得救。格兰特和那个警察因他们的勇气而受到尊敬。
Thanks to them, a family was saved from the fire. Grant and the policeman ______________ their courage.
3．竟然没有人早点发现这个避难所，这很不寻常。
_______________ nobody noticed the shelter sooner.
4．他主动为我们俩付钱，真是大方。
__________________ to offer to pay for us both.
have
in mind
were honoured for
It is remarkable that
It was generous of himSection A　Topic Talk
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．____________ vt. 治好(疾病)；治愈
n. 疗法
2．____________ n. 职业，事业
3．____________ n. 一代(人)
4．____________ n. 邪恶之事；祸害
adj. 邪恶的
5．____________ n. 边缘
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．admire vt.钦佩；欣赏→________ adj.令人钦佩的，极其出色的→________ n．钦佩
2．remark n．言论；引人注目；显耀→________ adj.不寻常的；显著的；非凡的
3．just adj.公正的；正义的；正当的→________ n.公平，公正
4．intelligence n．智力；才智；智慧→________ adj.聪敏的；有智慧的
5．generous adj.无私的；慷慨的；大方的→________ adv.慷慨地；大方地→________ n．慷慨，大方
6．create vt.创造；创作→________ n．创造，创作；创建作品→________ adj.创造性的，有创造力的→________ adv.创造性地→________ n．独创性，创新性，独创的能力
7．man n．人，男人→________ n．人类
8．form n．形，形状vt.形成，构成，养成→________ vt.修正，改良，改革n.改善；改正，改革
Ⅲ.重点短语(英汉互译)
A 写出下列短语的汉意
1．put out fires ________________
2．fight for justice ________________
3．cure diseases ________________
4．work for the next generation
________________
5．social reform ________________
6．have...in mind ________________
7．in the face of trouble ________________
8．the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA)
________________
9．be honoured as a role model ________________
B 写出下列汉语所对应的英语短语
1．________________ 保护人们/建筑/环境
2．________________ 作出重大发现
3．________________ 把世界变得更美好
4．________________ 对世界产生影响
5．________________ 对人类作出重大贡献
第一版块|核心单词
1)admirable adj.令人钦佩的，极其出色的(→admirably adv.值得钦佩地；极其出色地)
(教材原句)The Admirable令人钦佩的人
He helped the old man in an admirable manner.
他用一种令人钦佩的方式帮助了那位老人。
It is an admirable place to come to for a holiday and rest.
这是个度假休养的好去处。
admire sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而钦佩/赞赏某人
admire oneself 自我欣赏
admire sb. for one's courage 佩服某人的勇气
admire the view 欣赏风景
admire the moon 赏月
admire one's gift 羡慕某人的才华
You have to admire the way he handled the situation.
你不得不佩服他处理这个局面的手段。
The school is widely admired for its excellent teaching.
这所学校教学优秀，远近称誉。
She couldn't help but notice his admiring glance.
她无法不注意他爱慕的眼神。
have admiration for 对……表示钦佩
in/with admiration 钦佩地；赞赏地
express one's admiration 表达某人的敬佩之情
admiration for 对……的敬佩之情
watch in admiration 赞赏地观看
be full of admiration/be filled with admiration
满怀钦佩之情
I have great admiration for her as a writer.
我十分钦佩她这位作家。
Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for what Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.读多丽丝·莱辛的传记时，我对她在文学上所取得的成就钦佩不已。
All of the musicians performed admirably.
那些音乐家都演奏得极好。
[拓展]　admire vt.钦佩；欣赏→admirer n．钦佩者，赞赏者；追求者，爱慕者→admiring adj.赞赏的，羡慕的，钦佩的→admiration n．赞赏，钦佩；羡慕
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①She's got a secret ________ (admire) who keeps sending her gifts.
②I think you showed ________ (admire) self control in your answer.
③I think she dealt ________ (admirable) with a very difficult situation.
④The public admire Tu Youyou ______ her great contributions to medicine.
⑤Annette was getting lots of ________ (admire) glances in her new red dress.
⑥I've got a lot of ________ (admire) for people who do that sort of work.
完成句子
⑦At first I thought he was smiling ____________________ (钦佩地).
⑧I don't agree with her, but I ____________________ (因……而钦佩她) sticking to her principles.
2)career n．职业，事业；生涯，(一段)工作经历
(教材原句)Careers doctor, firefighter, scientist, police officer, writer 职业　医生、消防员、科学家、警官、作家
a career as... 当……的职业
a teaching career 教学生涯
a career in... 在……领域的职业
pursue/make a career 从事职业/开创事业
a career soldier 职业军人
begin/choose a career 开始/选择一项事业
a change of career 改换职业
During the journey, Raynor began a career as a nature writer.在旅途中，雷诺开始了作为一名自然作家的职业生涯。
She has been concentrating on her career.
她一直专心致志于她的本职工作。
Despite his wealth, he worked to make a career in science.尽管他很富有，但他还是努力在科学方面建功立业。
My school career was not very impressive.
我的学业成绩并不很出色。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He's hoping for a career ________ web design.
②He's hoping for a career in the police ________ a police officer.
完成句子
③It is not easy to ________________________________________ (开创事业) broadcasting.
④__________________________ (干演员这一行) requires one hundred percent commitment.
3)justice n．公平，公正，公道；法律制裁，司法)
bring sb. to justice 将某人绳之以法；将某人缉拿归案
do justice to sb./sth.＝do sb./sth. justice
公平对待某人/某事；恰当处理某人/某事
a sense of justice 正义感
do sb. an injustice 冤枉某人；使某人受屈
Justice has long arms.(谚)天网恢恢，疏而不漏。
They are asking for equal rights and justice.
他们要求平等的权利和公正的待遇。
He determined to bring the killers to justice.
他决心将凶手绳之以法。
That photo doesn't really do justice to her good looks.
那张照片并不能真正反映出她的美貌。
[拓展]　injustice n．不公正，不公平
just adj.公正的，正直的，对的，正义的
justly adv.公正地；正当地
We may have been doing him an injustice. The work is good.我们可能冤枉他了。这项工作干得不错。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①There's no ________ (just) in the world when people can be made to suffer like that.
②The police are doing all they can to bring the murderer ________ justice.
③The final score doesn't do justice ________ our team's performance.
④Nothing would prevent him from speaking out against ________ (justice).
⑤You do me ________ injustice if you think I'm unwilling to help.
⑥It is the most important contribution for the country to deal with things ________ (just).
4)cure vt.治好(疾病)；治愈n.疗法；对策，措施，解决办法(→curable adj.可治愈的→incurable adj.不可治愈的))
(教材原句)cure diseases治愈疾病
cure sb. 治好某人
cure sth. 治愈某种疾病；解决某个问题
cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人的某种疾病；矫正/改正某人的某种不良行为
a cure for... ……的治愈方法；解决……的措施
He says he can cure me but I still doubt him.
他说他能治好我的病，但我还是不相信他。
When I left the hospital I was completely cured.
出院时，我已经痊愈了。
The doctor didn't let me down. He cured my father of his illness.医生没让我失望。他治好了我父亲的病。
Scientists are looking for a cure for the deadly disease.
科学家们正在寻找这种致命疾病的疗法。
The best cure for boredom is hard work!
消除无聊最有效的办法就是努力工作！
Most skin cancers are curable if treated early.
如果尽早治疗，多数的皮肤癌是可以治好的。
The baby was born with an incurable heart condition.
这个婴儿一出生就患有无法治愈的心脏疾病。
[拓展]　与cure sb. of sth.结构相同的短语：
accuse sb. of sth.控告某人某事
inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事
rob sb. of sth.抢劫某人某物
cheat sb. of sth.骗取某人某物
remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事
warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事
convince sb. of sth.使某人相信某事
rid sb. of sth.使某人摆脱某事
suspect sb. of sth.怀疑某人涉嫌某事
[比较]　cure/treat (vt.)
cure治愈，cure sth.治好病，cure sb. of sth.治好某人的病；
treat治疗，treat sb./sth.治疗病人或治病，treat sb. with sth.用……治疗某人，treat sb. for sth.治疗某人的疾病(不强调治愈)。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He is suffering from a(n) ________ (curable) skin disease.
②To our surprise and joy, moving to the country cured her ________ the disease.
③After his wife died, he ________ (cure) of his habit of smoking.
④Human life is also threatened for lack of cures ________ certain disease and healthy groundwater.
⑤If it's caught before it spreads below the skin's surface, it's highly ________ (cure).
完成句子
⑥They are trying to ________________________ (治愈他的毒瘾) but he is beyond hope.
⑦Many people believe that prison isn't ____________________ (治愈……的良方) crime.
⑧The old photos ______________ (让我想起) the happy days I spent on the island.
选词填空：cure/treat
⑨The doctor can ________ him for his bad cold, but can't ________ him of the cancer.
5)generation n．一代(人)；(产品发展的)代；产生，发生(→generate vt.产生，创造→generator n．发电机))
(教材原句)for the next generation为下一代
future generations 后代
from generation to generation 一代代地；世世代代；祖祖辈辈
for generations 好几代，几代人
the younger/older generation 年轻/年老一代
It's our duty to protect the planet for future generations.
为了子孙后代保护好这个星球是我们的职责。
Both parents and teenagers must try to bridge the generation gap between them.
父母和青少年都必须努力填补他们之间的代沟。
My family have lived in this house for generations.
我家祖祖辈辈都住在这所房子里。
This book was handed down from generation to generation.
这本书世代相传。
Dams were built for the generation of electricity.
建水坝是作发电之用。
generate electricity 发电
generate heat 发热
generate profits 创收
generate from... 由……产生
We can't generate enough power for the entire city.
我们不能为整个城市生产足够的能量。
Friction generates heat.摩擦生热。
Living cells generate energy from food.
活细胞用食物制造能量。
The company's activities generate profits.公司业务产生利润。
[拓展]
a generation of...一代……
a generation gap代沟
a new generation of vehicle
新一代交通运输工具
the Lost Generation迷惘的一代
the generation of electricity发电
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①China is willing to work with other countries to create a better future for ________ (generation) to come.
②The traditional craft has been passed down ________ generation to generation.
③Coal is still the raw material used for most of the UK's electricity ________ (generate).
完成句子
④The main cause of ________________ (代沟) is the lack of communication.
⑤The idea of passing down his knowledge ____________________ (世世代代) is important to McLean.
6)reform n．改革，改进　vt.改革　vt. & vi.(使)改过自新)
(教材原句)social reform社会改革
far reaching/major reforms 意义深远的/重大的变革
economic/educational/social reform 经济/教育/社会改革
make reforms 进行改革
reform oneself 改过自新
reform the social security system 改革社会保险体制
a reformed character 改过自新的人
The reform in teaching methods is warmly welcomed by students.教学方法的改革受到了学生们的热烈欢迎。
Many reforms must be made to the educational system.
教育体制要做许多改革。
We are reforming our economic system.
我们正在改革我们的经济体制。
The only way out for you is to reform yourself.
你唯一的出路就是悔过自新了。
When his court case was coming up, James promised to reform.他的案子即将开审的时候，詹姆斯保证会改过自新。
[拓展]
curriculum reform课程改革
educational reform教育改革
reform and opening up改革开放
economic reform经济改革
health care reform医疗改革
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The political ________ (reform) have led to major structural changes in the economy.
②The benefit system is complicated and needs to ________ (reform).
完成句子
③He intends to ____________________ (进行一些改革) in the prison system.
④________________ (经济改革) will continue to be painful and ineffective.
⑤We will try to ____________________ (改造他) within the community.
7)remarkable adj.不寻常的；显著的，引人注目的；非凡的，奇异的)
(教材原句)a remarkable contribution to mankind
对人类的卓越贡献
a remarkable achievement/career/talent
非凡的成就/事业/才能
remarkable development 显著发展
be remarkable for 因……而引人注目
It is remarkable that... 值得注意的是……，令人惊讶的是……
The area is remarkable for its beautiful scenery.
这一地区以其优美的景色而引人瞩目。
It is remarkable that nobody noticed it sooner.
值得注意的是，没人早点儿发现这一点。
He is a remarkable man.他是个非凡卓越的人。
remark n. 谈及；言论；评述；引人注目；显耀
vt. & vi. 说起；谈论，评论
make a remark (on)/ make remarks (on)
发表评论
remark on... 评论/谈论……
He made a number of rude remarks about the food here.
关于这里的食物他作了许多无礼的评论。
The judges remarked on the high standard of entries for the competition.评委们说参赛作品水准很高。
[拓展]
remarkably adv.非常地；显著地；引人注目地
The car is in remarkably good condition for its age.就车龄而论，这辆车的状况好极了。
The fighter was remarkably calm at such a great danger.面对如此大的危险，这位战士非常冷静。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①It's that kind of courage and determination that makes him such a ________ (remark) character.
②On the whole the celebrations were ________ (remarkable) peaceful. It seemed almost too good to be true.
③The young man made ________ very intelligent remark on this issue.
④I was just remarking ________ how well you two normally get on with each other.
完成句子
⑤____________________ (真是了不起) she is still alive in the serious accident.
8)intelligent adj.聪敏的；有智慧的(→intelligently adv.聪明地；明智地intelligence n．智力，智慧))
(教材原句)brave, intelligent, creative, sensible, capable, hard working, generous
勇敢，聪明，有创造力，明智，有能力，勤奋，大方
a highly intelligent child 一个非常聪明的孩子
intelligent software/systems 智能软件/系统
forms of intelligent life 智慧生命的形式
ask an intelligent question 问一个机智的问题
All human beings are much more intelligent than animals.所有的人都比动物聪明得多。
Helen had a few intelligent ideas to say on the subject.
关于这个主题，海伦有一些颇有见地的想法要说。
artificial intelligence 人工智能
intelligence quotient (IQ) 智商
have the intelligence to do sth. 有做某事的智慧
a person of high/average/low intelligence
智力高的/一般的/低下的人
He didn't even have the intelligence to call for an ambulance.他连呼叫救护车的头脑都没有。
She intelligently decided to wait until the rush hour was over before driving home.
她聪明地决定等到交通高峰结束再开车回家。
[易混比较]
intelligent指有才智的、悟性强的、聪明的。
smart指聪明的、机敏的、精明的。
clever指聪明的、聪颖的，多用于儿童、学生。
brilliant指聪颖的、才华横溢的。
bright指聪明的、悟性强的，多用于儿童和年轻人。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①They are searching for ________ (intelligence) life forms in other solar systems.
②Man is still far ________ (intelligent) than the cleverest robot.
③Know what's happening around you, and look for ways to work ________ (intelligent).
④It requires a high degree of ________ (intelligent) to do this job well.
完成句子
⑤He does not ______________________ (有……的智慧) tell right from wrong.
9)generous adj.无私的，慷慨的，大方的；宽厚的，宽宏大量的，仁慈的；丰富的，充足的，大的)
be generous to sb. 对某人宽容/大方
be generous with sth. 在某方面大方
be generous in doing sth. 慷慨地做某事
It is generous of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事很大方。
Although he was poor, he was quite generous to his poor friends.他虽穷，但对贫苦的朋友很慷慨。
She's been very generous with her time, for which I was grateful.她毫不吝惜自己的时间，对此我非常感激。
He was always generous in sharing his enormous knowledge.
他一直不吝分享自己丰富的知识。
It was generous of you to lend me the money.
你借给我钱，真是太慷慨了。
generously adv. 大方地；慷慨地
generosity n. 大方；慷慨
with generosity 慷慨地
an act of generosity 慷慨之举
one's generosity to/towards... 某人对……的慷慨
show (sb.) generosity (对某人)表现出慷慨
He treated them with generosity and thoughtfulness.
他待他们宽容大度、体贴周到。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The old lady is always very generous ________ the kids.
②Jim is very generous ________ his money.
③He is generous ________ giving help to those in need.
④He accepted the apology ________ great generosity.
⑤It is very ________ (generosity) of you to share your food with me.
⑥Those people, in turn, will connect better with others and treat them more ________ (generous).
⑦There are stories about his ________ (generous), the massive amounts of money he gave to charities.
⑧While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show ________ (generous) and sympathy.
第二版块|重要短语
1)put out fires灭火)
(教材原句)put out fires and save people's lives灭火并且救人
put out 扑灭；熄灭；生产；伸出；预备好(以便使用)；出版(书刊等)
It took the firefighters more than three days to put out forest fires.消防队员花了三天多时间扑灭了森林大火。
And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits.
别忘了准备一些饼干和水果。
The factory puts out cell phones.
这家工厂生产手机。
She put out her hand and took off her sunglasses.
她伸手摘下太阳镜。
We're going to put out a new book next month.
我们打算下月出版一本新书。
make a fire 生火
light a fire 点火
catch fire 着火
open fire on... 向……开火/开枪
set...on fire/set fire to... 使……燃烧；放火烧……
be on fire 着火；火辣辣的
play with fire 玩火；做危险的事情
There is a thick covering of leaves in the forest, which are very easy to catch fire.
森林中有厚厚的一层树叶，它们是非常容易着火的。
Many of the buildings in the west of the city are on fire.
该城西部的许多建筑都着火了。
I stood frozen as ice, but my face was on fire. I wanted to get into a hole and hide.
我呆呆地站着，脸上火辣辣的，恨不能找个洞躲进去。
It is dangerous for children to play with fire.
孩子们玩火是危险的。
(10) A cigarette end set the house on fire.
一根烟蒂点燃了这所房子。
[辨析]
put out (扑灭)与go out (火自行)熄灭
put out“扑灭”，及物动词词组，其后接宾语。
We finally put out the fire.
我们终于扑灭了火。
go out“熄灭”，不及物动词词组，其后不接宾语。
Thanks to the rain, the fire went out.
多亏了这场雨，大火自行熄灭了。
[拓展]
put的相关搭配
put up with　　忍受，容忍
put away 放好；储存
put aside 把……放在一边
put down 放下；写下；平定
put off 推迟，延期
put on 穿上，戴上；上演
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Women were screaming; some of the houses nearest to the bridge were ________ fire.
②Do not play ________ fire at home so as to avoid house fire.
③By the time the firemen arrived, they had already put ________ fires.
完成句子
④Sam ____________________ (点火) to welcome us home.
⑤They are frightened to see two men ____________________ (向……开枪) a group of wolves.
⑥The police haven't found out who ____________________ (放火烧) the store.
⑦The wooden houses were pulled down, and the fire gradually __________ (熄灭).
2)fight for努力争取；为……斗争)
(教材原句)fight for justice为正义而战
fight for freedom 为自由而战
fight for one's equal rights 为某人的平等权利而战
fight against... 为反对……而斗争
fight with... 与……争斗/争辩
fight back 还击，抵抗
fight hand to hand 短兵相接；打肉搏战
fight one's way 奋力辟出一条路
fight about/over sth. 因某事而争辩
Graduates have to fight for jobs in a highly competitive market.
毕业生不得不在竞争激烈的市场上奋力争取找到工作。
We joined up to fight for our motherland.
我们参军为祖国而战。
She looked away, fighting back her tears.
她看着别处，强忍着泪水。
The young couple often fight with each other about money.这对年轻夫妇经常为钱的事吵架。
She fought her way back into the national team.
她奋力拼搏，又重新回到了国家队。
[误区警示]　fight也可作及物动词，可接普通名词或同源宾语。
Our soldiers fought a wonderful fight against the floods.我们的战士与洪水做斗争，打了一个漂亮仗。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①They had to fight hard ________ improvements to the road system.
②He was always fighting ________ his neighbours ________ the noise.
③We must take strict measures to fight ________ pollution.
④I had to fight ________ the tears when he said he was leaving.
完成句子
⑤The medical community continues to work hard to ________________ (与……做斗争) cancer.
⑥The crazy fans ________________ (奋力前进) past bodyguards and tore at his clothes.
3)have...in mind心里已有……；想到……；打算……)
(教材原句)Do you have someone in mind that you admire
你心目中有钦佩的人吗？
Do you have anyone in mind for this job
你有没有想到什么人可以做这项工作？
What did you have in mind, Miss Ream A bust
你有什么想法，雷姆小姐？半身像？
[拓展]
bear/keep sth. in mind 记住某事
keep/bear in mind that... 记住……，将……记在心中
be of the same mind 意见相同；保持原来的意见
change one's mind 改变主意
lose one's mind 失去理智
come into one's mind 掠过/进入某人的脑海
cross one's mind (念头或想法)在头脑中闪现
fix/focus/concentrate one's mind on/upon
把注意力集中在……
keep one's mind on 专心于……
make up one's mind (to do sth.) 下定决心(做某事)
read one's mind 看出某人的心思
It's a good idea—I'll bear it in mind.
这是个好主意，我会记在心里的。
We are of the same mind about this issue.
我们在这个问题上意见一致。
It would never cross my mind to bother her by asking for a pencil.我永远也不会想去通过借铅笔来打扰她。
His parents always know when he's lying. They know him well enough to read his mind.
他父母总是知道他有没有说谎。他们太了解他，所以知道他在想什么。
[语境助记]
What price range do you have in mind
你心里有什么样的价格范围？
—Maybe we could celebrate tonight.
或许我们今晚可以庆祝一下。
—What did you have in mind
你有什么打算？
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①If you concentrate your mind ________ studying English, you will master the language.
②A good idea came gradually ________ his mind as he stood there.
③I'm glad we are ________ the same mind on the discount question.
④Keep ________ mind that nobody is more reliable than yourself.
⑤He has made ________ his mind to overcome his shortcomings.
完成句子
⑥Whenever or however you take notes, ____________________ (记住) that note taking is a selective process.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Combating climate change is an objective not only for us but also for the future of ________ (人类).
2．The dolphin is an ________ (聪明的) animal.
3．They were accused of attempting to obstruct ________ (公正).
4．Natural resources should be handed on to the next ________ (一代人) intact.
5．What made you decide on a ________ (职业) as a host
6．An operation finally ________ (治愈) his shin injury.
7．The school is widely ________ (钦佩) for its renowned teaching.
8．He showed ________ (不寻常的) endurance throughout his illness.
9．Is there any ________ (不同) between A and B
10．The party embarked on (启动) a programme of ecology ________ (改革).
Ⅱ.短语填空
put out, do justice to, make a difference, be remarkable for, fight for, have...in mind, be generous with, be generous to
1．The area ____________ its scenery and natural ecology.
2．If we combine our efforts, we can ____________．
3．You cannot ____________ such a remarkable situation in just a few pages.
4．Firemen tried to free the injured and __________ the blaze caused by the eruption.
5．Graduates have to ____________ jobs in a highly competitive market.
6．What kind of party do you ____________？
7．She's very ____________ her praise.
8．They have been extremely ____________ the church.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
A
1．Bravery is her most ________ (admire) quality and she has a lot of friends.
2．It's the most powerful branch of artificial ________ (intelligent).
3．On the whole the celebrations were ________ (remarkable) good humored and peaceful. It seemed almost too good to be true.
4．We would like to thank all the explorers who gave so ________ (generous) their time.
5．Teachers should inspire all students to think ________ (creative).
B
1．[天津卷]No one could be ________ (generous); he has a heart of gold.
2．[福建卷]The battle lasts little more than half an hour, in which time around 50，000 kilograms of tomatoes have been thrown at anyone or anything that moves, runs, or ________ (fight) back.
3．[2020·天津二考]I plan to make it in an ________ (admire) manner.
4．[2020·江苏卷]The daily number of newly ________ (cure) and discharged (出院) patients exceeded that of the newly confirmed cases.
5．[2022·新高考全国Ⅱ卷]After two years, the second group saw ________ (remark) improvements in heart health.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．实际上我们确实在考虑设一个职位。你为什么不填一下我们的申请表呢？
Actually we do ____________ a position __________________________. Why don't you fill out our application
2．多亏了他们，一家人才从大火中得救。格兰特和那个警察因他们的勇气而受到尊敬。
Thanks to them, a family was saved from the fire. Grant and the policeman ________________________ their courage.
3．竟然没有人早点发现这个避难所，这很不寻常。
____________________________ nobody noticed the shelter sooner.
4．他主动为我们俩付钱，真是大方。
__________________________________ to offer to pay for us both.
Section A　Topic Talk
新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．cure　2.career　3.generation　4.evil　5.edge
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．admirable; admiration　2.remarkable　3.justice
4．intelligent　5.generously, generosity　6.creation, creative, creatively, creativity　7.mankind　8.reform
Ⅲ.重点短语
A
1．灭火　2.为正义而战　3.治愈疾病　4.为下一代工作
5．社会改革　6.心里已有……　7.在困难面前　8.中国人民解放军　9.被评为楷模
B
1．protect people/buildings/the environment　2.make important discoveries　3.make the world a better place
4．make a difference to the world　5.make a remarkable contribution to mankind
核心探究·讲练互动
第一版块|核心单词
1．①admirer　②admirable　③admirably　④for　⑤admiring
⑥admiration　⑦in admiration　⑧admire her for
2．①in　②as　③make a career in　④A career as an actor
3．①justice　②to　③to　④injustice　⑤an　⑥justly
4．①incurable　②of　③was cured　④for　⑤curable
⑥cure him of his drug addiction　⑦a cure for　⑧reminded me of　⑨treat; cure
5．①generations　②from　③generation　④generation gap　⑤from generation to generation
6．①reforms　②be reformed　③make several reforms
④Economic reform　⑤reform him
7．①remarkable　②remarkably　③a　④on　⑤It is quite remarkable that
8．①intelligent　②more intelligent　③intelligently
④intelligence　⑤have the intelligence to
9．①to　②with　③in　④with　⑤generous　⑥generously　⑦generosity　⑧generosity
第二版块|重要短语
1．①on　②with　③out　④lit a fire　⑤open fire on　⑥set fire to　⑦went out
2．①for　②with; over/about　③against　④back　⑤fight against　⑥fought their way
3．①on　②into　③of　④in　⑤up　⑥keep/bear in mind
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．mankind　2.intelligent　3.justice　4.generation　5.career
6．cured　7.admired　8.remarkable　9.difference　10.reform
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．is remarkable for　2.make a difference　3.do justice to
4．put out　5.fight for　6.have in mind　7.generous with　8.generous to
Ⅲ.单句语法填空A
1．admirable　2.intelligence　3.remarkably　4.generously　5.creatively
B
1．答案与解析：more generous　“否定词＋比较级”表示“不可能更……，再……不过”，比较级用在否定句中表示最高级含义。
2．答案与解析：fights　句意：战斗持续了半个多小时，在这段时间里，大约有5万千克的西红柿被扔向任何移动、奔跑或反击的人或物。第二个or前面的动词都是第三人称单数形式，所以此处应与之一致。
3．答案与解析：admirable　用形容词作定语。句意：我计划用一种令人钦佩的方式来做。
4．答案与解析：cured　用and连接两个并列的过去分词作定语。句意：日新治愈出院病例数超过新确诊病例数。
5．答案与解析：remarkable　名词需要形容词修饰。句意：两年后，第二组的心脏健康状况有了显著改善。
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．have; in mind　2.were honoured for　3.It is remarkable that　4.It was generous of him(共144张PPT)
Section B　Lesson 1　A Medical Pioneer
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．____________ vt. 授予；给予
n. 奖；奖品；奖金；奖状
2．____________ v. 获得，赢得，取得；受益
n. 好处；利益
3．____________ n. 蚊子
4．____________ n. 舞台；阶段
5．____________ prep. 尽管；虽然
award
gain　
mosquito　
stage
despite
6．____________ n. 全体职员，员工
7．____________ n. 药草
8．____________ n. 处方；秘诀
9．____________ n. 物力；资源
10．____________ n. 药物，药材；毒品
staff
herb
recipe　
resource　
drug
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．limit n．限度；限制；限量；界限 v．限制；限定；限量→________ adj.有限的
2．eventual adj.最后的；最终的；结果的→________ adv.最终；终于
3．promise v．许诺；承诺；答应；预示→________ adj.大有希望的
4．fame n．名声，名誉→________ adj.著名的
5．wise adj.充满智慧的；明智的→________ n．知识；学问；智慧
limited　
eventually　
promising　　
famous　　
wisdom
6．advance n．发展；进步→________ adj.高级的
7．integrate vi. & vt.(使)结合；(使)成为一体→________ n．结合；一体化；融合
8．effect n．效应；影响；结果；效果→________ adj.有效的，产生预期效果的
9．honour n. 荣誉→________ adj.可敬的；品格高尚的
10．recognise v．赞赏；赞成→________ n．表彰；赞扬
11．academy n. 研究院；学会→________ adj.学业的；教学的，学术的
advanced　
integration　
effective　
honourable
recognition　
academic
Ⅲ.重点短语(英汉互译)
A 写出下列短语的汉意
1．an infectious disease ________________
2．apart from... ________________
3．an effective cure ________________
4．a vaccine against ________________
5．a medical researcher ________________
6．be awarded... for... ________________
7．the development of new drugs ________________
传染病　
除……之外
有效的治疗方法　
抗……疫苗
医学研究员
因……而被授予……
新药的开发
8．recognition and encouragement ________________
9．gain a deep knowledge about ________________
10．establish a team ________________
11．one by one ________________
12．limited resources ________________
13．air quality ________________
14．come across ________________
15．be fully integrated ________________
赞扬和鼓励　
对……有深刻了解
组建一个团队
一个接一个，逐一
有限的资源　
空气质量
偶然发现；偶遇
完全融合
B 写出下列汉语所对应的英语短语
1．________________ 数以百万计的
2.________________ 医学文献资料
3．____________________ 传统中医
4．________________ 传统处方
5．______________________ 采用现代研究方法
6．________________ 志愿成为……
7．________________ 准备做……
millions of　　
medical literature
traditional Chinese medicine
traditional recipes
use modern research methods
volunteer to be...
be ready to do...
8．_______________________ 世界上最有效的药物
9．________________ 对名誉感兴趣
10．_______________________ 国际上著名的
11．________________ 在困难时期
12．________________ 做某事的能力
13．________________ 实现某人的目标
14．___________________________ 未来发展的巨大潜力
15．________________ 女科学家
the world's most effective drug
be interested in fame
be internationally renowned
during a difficult time
the ability to do sth.
achieve one's goal
great potential for future advances　
a female scientist
Ⅰ.课文思维导图
Ⅱ.课文阅读理解
1．What's the text mainly about
A.A battle against malaria.
B.A research of malaria.
C.Tu Youyou—a medical pioneer.
D.Artemisinin—the most effective medicine.
C
2．Which of the following might be effective in fighting malaria
A．Chinese herbs. B．Chemicals.
C．Western medicine. D．Animal bones.
A
3．What can we learn from the text
A.The drugs were experimented with animals.
B.Tu Youyou and her team devoted themselves to research.
C.The drugs were tested on her teammates.
D.Tu Youyou and her team used ancient research methods to study Chinese herbs.
B
4．What can be inferred from the text
A．Tu Youyou likes attending a wide range of social activities.
B.Tu Youyou worked with foreign doctors in developing artemisinin.
C.Tu Youyou hopes that Chinese and Western medicine can be fully integrated.
D.Tu Youyou looks down upon those who do nothing.
C
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
In 2015, Tu Youyou won the Nobel Prize. She was the first Chinese female scientist 1.__________ (award) the prize for her great contributions to medicine. Tu Youyou and her team discovered artemisinin, the world's most 2.________ (effect) drug for fighting malaria. The drugs 3.________ (save) the lives of millions so far. When 4.________ (thank) the Committee for the honour, Tu Youyou said, “This is not only an honour for myself, but also 5.________ (recognise) of and encouragement for all scientists in China.”
to be awarded
effective　
have saved
thanking
recognition　
After graduating from Peking University Health Science Centre, Tu Youyou worked in China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and gained 6.________ deep knowledge about traditional practices. In 1969, Tu Youyou was chosen to establish a team to find a cure for malaria. Across the world, scientists tested over 240，000 chemicals with no success. However, Tu Youyou had an idea 7.________ Chinese herbs might hold the secret. She and her team used modern research methods to study these Chinese herbs one by one.
a
that　
This was not an easy work. However, after hundreds of failed experiments, they 8.________ (eventual) found a promising chemical. They tested themselves and the test was a success. The medicine they discovered was artemisinin.
In 2019, Tu Youyou 9.____________ (select) by the BBC as one of the most influential figures of science in the 20th century. 10.________ her age, Tu Youyou continues to conduct research.
eventually　
was selected
Despite
[词汇注释]
①stage/ste d /n.舞台；阶段
②drug/dr ɡ/n.药物，药材；毒品
※the life saving drug
救命药
③with the help of在……的帮助下
④female/'fi me l/
adj.女(性)的
⑤award/ 'w d/vt.授予；给予
※be awarded...for...因……而被授予……
⑥committee/k 'm ti/n.
委员会
⑦lead to 引起；导致
⑧honour/' n /n.荣誉 vt.感到荣幸
※It's an honour to do sth.
做某事是一种荣幸
⑨recognition/ rek ɡ'n n/n.表彰；赞扬
※recognise v．辨认出；承认；认可
⑩academy/ 'k d mi/n.
研究会；学会
gain/ge n/v.获得，赢得，取得；受益 n．好处；利益
※gain a deep knowledge about 对……有深刻了解
traditional practices 传统医学
establish/ 'st bl /vt.
建立，设立
※establish a team组建团队
a cure for……的治疗方法
millions of数以百万计的
across the world 全世界
chemical/'kem k l/n.
化学品　adj.化学的
herb/h b/n.药草
literature/'l t r t /n.
文献资料；著述；文学
recipe/'res pi/n.处方；秘诀
(21) (be) connected to
与……有联系
(22)one by one一个接一个，逐一
(23)limited/'l m t d/ adj.
有限的
(24)resource/r 'z s/n.
物力；资源
※limited resources
有限资源
(25)staff/stɑ f/n.全体职员，员工
(26)eventually/ 'vent u li/ adv.最终；终于
(27)come across偶然发现；偶遇
(28)promising/'pr m s /
adj.大有希望的
※promise v. 承诺；答应；保证
(29)volunteer to do sth.志愿做某事
(30)a success 一个成功的人或一件成功的事
(31)effective / 'fekt v/adj.
有效的，产生预期效果的
(32)*fame/fe m/n.名声，名誉
(33)*renowned/r 'na nd/
adj.著名的，有名望的
(34)be selected as被选为
(35)one of the most influential figures of science科学界最具影响力的人物之一
(36)be noted for因……而出名
(37)bridge vt.架起桥梁；弥合(差距)
(38)despite/d 'spa t/prep.尽管；虽然
※despite＝in spite of
(39)wisdom/'w zd m/n.知识，学问；智慧
※the wisdom behind...……背后的智慧
(40)potential/p 'ten l/n.潜力；可能性
※There is great potential for...在……方面有巨大的潜力。
(41)advance/ d'vɑ ns/n.发展；进步
(42)integrate/' nt ɡre t/
vi. & vt. (使)结合；(使)成为一体
※integrate...with...……与……成为一体,　　
[教材原文]
At the Nobel Prize Lecture on 7 December, 2015, an 84 year old Chinese woman walked slowly on to the stage①. She began to talk about the life saving drug②， artemisinin, which she had discovered with the help of③ her team in the 1970s. The woman was Tu Youyou, the first Chinese female④ scientist to be awarded⑤ a Nobel Prize for her work. A scientist who was on the Nobel Prize Committee⑥ called Hans Forssberg explained that“the discovery of artemisinin has led to⑦ the development of new drugs which have saved the lives of millions”. [1]When thanking the Committee for the honour⑧， Tu Youyou said, “This is not only an honour for myself, but also recognition⑨ of and encouragement for all scientists in China.”
[1]※句子的主干是A scientist explained that...，that引导宾语从句；who和which引导的定语从句分别修饰 A scientist与new drugs。
Tu Youyou was born in Zhejiang Province, China, on 30 December, 1930. She studied medicine at Peking University Health Science Centre. After graduation, she became a member of China AcademyB10 of Chinese Medical Sciences. Later, she studied Chinese medicine for two and a half years with experts in the field from whom she gained a deep knowledge about traditional practices .[2]
[2]※“介词from＋关系代词whom”引导的定语从句，修饰experts。
In 1969, Tu Youyou was chosen to establish a team to find a cure for malaria—a disease that killed millions of people every year. Across the world ， scientists had been trying to find a cure. They tested more than 240，000 chemicals with no success. However, Tu Youyou had an idea that Chinese herbs might hold the secret．[3] She studied ancient Chinese medical literature and visited experts in traditional Chinese medicine. She researched hundreds of traditional recipes connected to21 anti malarial cures. Then Tu Youyou and her team began using modern research methods to study these Chinese herbs one by one.22
[3]※句中that引导同位语从句，对idea进行解释说明。
This was not an easy task. The reason why this was difficult was that the team had limited23 resources24 .[4]They did not have enough staff25, and the laboratory in which they worked had poor air quality.[5] However, after hundreds of failed experiments, they eventually26 came across27 a promising28 chemical. It worked well in experiments on animals, but they had to know if it was safe for humans. Tu Youyou bravely volunteered to29 be the first human subject when they were ready to start testing and the rest of her team followed her. The test was a success30. The medicine they discovered, artemisinin, has now become the world's most effective31 drug for fighting malaria.
Even though Tu Youyou is not interested in fame32, she has become a scientist whose work is internationally renowned33. In 2019, she was selected by the BBC as34 one of the most influential figures of science35 in the 20th century along with Albert Einstein and Alan Mathison Turing. Tu Youyou was noted for36 her bravery in being a scientist during a difficult time for science in China, her ability to use old wisdom and new methods to achieve her goals and the fact that her work bridged37 the Eastern and Western worlds, saving millions of lives. Today Tu Youyou continues to conduct research despite38 her age. According to Tu Youyou, “From our research experience in discovering artemisinin, we learnt the wisdom39 behind both Chinese and Western medicine. There is great potential40 for future advances41 if these two kinds of wisdom can be fully integrated42”．
[4]※固定句式：The reason why...is/was that...……的原因是……。why引导定语从句，修饰The reason；that引导表语从句。
[5]※句中and连接两个并列分句，后一个分句中，含有“介词in＋关系代词which”引导的定语从句，修饰the laboratory。
[汉语译文]
在2015年12月7日的诺贝尔奖颁奖典礼上，一位84岁高龄的中国老奶奶慢慢地走上领奖台(stage)。她开始介绍挽救生命的药物(drug)——青蒿素，这是她在团队的帮助下于20世纪70年代发现的一种药。这位女士就是屠呦呦，是中国第一位获得(award)诺贝尔奖的女(female)科学家。诺贝尔奖委员会(committee)的一位名叫汉斯·福斯伯格的科学家解释说：“青蒿素的发现使得新药得以开发，这些药物拯救了数百万人的生命。”在感谢委员会授予的荣誉(honour)时，屠呦呦说：“这不仅是授予我个人的荣誉，也是对全体中国科学家的认可(recognition)和鼓励。”
1930年12月30日，屠呦呦出生于中国浙江省。她曾在北京大学健康科学中心学习医学。毕业后，她成为中国中医科学研究院(academy)的一员。后来，她跟随该领域的专家学习了两年半的中医，获得(gain)对传统医学的深刻了解。
1969年，屠呦呦被选中组建(establish)一个团队来寻找疟疾的治疗方法，疟疾是一种每年导致数百万人死亡的疾病。世界各地的科学家都在试图找到治疗方法。他们测试了超过24万种化学物质(chemical)，仍然没有成功。然而，屠呦呦认为中草药(herb)可能会起作用。她研究了古代的中医文献资料(literature)，拜访了传统中医界的专家。她研究了数百种与抗疟疾治疗有关的传统配方(recipe)。随后，屠呦呦和她的团队开始采用现代的研究方法对这些中草药逐一进行研究。
这不是一项容易的任务，因为团队资源(resource)有限(limited)。他们没有足够的工作人员(staff)，并且他们工作的实验室空气质量很差。然而，经过数百次失败的实验，他们最终(eventually)发现(come across)了一种有前景的(promising)化学物质。这种物质在动物实验中效果很好，但他们必须知道它对人类是否安全。
当他们准备开始测试时，屠呦呦勇敢地志愿成为第一个人类实验对象，团队中的其他人也紧随其后。这次测试很成功。他们发现的青蒿素现在已经成为世界上抗击疟疾最有效的(effective)药物。
尽管屠呦呦对名誉(fame)不感兴趣，但她已成为一名国际知名的(renowned)科学家。2019年．她被英国广播公司选为20世纪最具影响力的科学人物之一，与阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦和艾伦·麦席森·图灵齐名。屠呦呦在中国科学的困难时期勇敢地成为一名科研人员，用古老的智慧和全新的方法实现目标，她的事业贯通了东西方世界，拯救了数百万人的生命，因此而闻名于世。如今，虽然(despite)年事已高，屠呦呦仍然继续做研究。她说：“从发现青蒿素的研究经验中，我们学到了中医和西医背后的智慧。如果这两种智慧(wisdom)能够完全融合(integrate)，未来将有巨大的发展(advance)潜力(potential)。”

第一版块|核心单词
1)apart adj. & adv.分开，散开；相隔，相距)
(教材原句)Malaria kills over 1，000，000 people a year—more people than any disease apart from AIDS.每年有超过100万人死于疟疾，这比除艾滋病之外的任何疾病都要多。
come/fall apart 崩溃；破裂；土崩瓦解
live apart 分开居住
take apart 拆开，拆卸
keep...apart 把……分开
set...apart from 使……与众不同
tell...apart 把……区分开
tear apart 撕毁，撕碎，撕开
At that time we were never apart.那时我们从不分开。
To our regret, his marriage fell apart.
令我们遗憾的是，他的婚姻破裂了。
Li Hua and his sister Li Hong lived just 25 miles apart from each other.李华和妹妹李红住得彼此仅隔25英里。
Rod loves taking apart clocks. However, he never manages to put them together again.
罗德喜欢把钟表拆开，但他从未能再组装上。

[语境助记]　She keeps herself apart from other people.她与其他人保持距离。
I can't tell the twins apart.
我区分不开这对双胞胎。
[即学即练]　完成句子
①I ______________ (要崩溃了). I wasn't getting any sleep.
②He had a deep voice, which _______________ (使他与……不同) others in our small town.
③It's easy to ______________ (区分开我的药片) because they're all different colours.
④They live on the same street, ________________ (相隔大约两个街区).
⑤He ______________________ (把煮好的鸡肉撕开) and began to eat it.
was falling apart
set him apart from
tell my pills apart
about two blocks apart
tore the cooked chicken apart
2)effective adj.有效的，产生预期效果的；生效的，起作用的　effectively adv.有效地
(教材原句)The drug with artemisinin has proved to be the most effective cure.含有青蒿素的药物已被证明是最有效的治疗方法。
be effective against 有对抗……的效力
be effective from 从……起生效
take effective measures to do sth. 采取有效措施做某事
You want to be an effective public speaker.
你想成为一个有影响力的公众演说家。
The new speed limit on this road becomes effective from 1 June.这条路上新的限速规定自6月1日起生效。
You should take effective measures to improve your working conditions.你们应采取有效措施来改善你们的工作条件。
The public should be educated to use resources more effectively.应该教育大众更有效地使用资源。
[拓展]　effect n．效果；影响
come into effect生效；开始实施 have an effect on对……有影响
take effect生效；起作用 in effect实际上；有效
side effect副作用
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Group exercise is one of the ___________ (effective) ways to improve physical fitness.
②Our government has taken ________ (effect) measures to prevent drunk driving.
③I doubt whether soap should be effective ________ all flu viruses.
④If you can use a word correctly and ________ (effective), you understand it.
⑤His wife has, _______ effect, run the government for the past six months.
⑥When do the new driving laws come ________ effect
⑦Does television have an effect ________ children's behaviour？
most effective
effective
against　
effectively
in　
into　
on
3)stage n．舞台，戏剧；阶段，时期，状态
(教材原句)At the Nobel Prize Lecture on 7 December, 2015, an 84 year old Chinese woman walked slowly on to the stage.在2015年12月7日的诺贝尔奖颁奖典礼上，一位84岁高龄的中国老奶奶慢慢地走上领奖台。
early stages 早期，初期
at one stage 有一段时间
go on the stage 当演员
on stage 在舞台上
stage by stage 逐步地，一步一步地
set the stage for 为……做好准备
later stages 后续阶段
in stages 分阶段地
take centre stage 成为关注的焦点
at different stages of development 处在不同的发展阶段
go through a stage 经历某一阶段
There were more than 50 people on stage in one scene.
有一场戏中舞台上有50多个人。
His parents didn't want him to go on the stage.
他父母不想让他当演员。
Don't worry about the baby not wanting to leave you—it's a stage they go through.
宝宝不肯离开你别担心，他们总要经过这个阶段。
At one stage it looked as though they would win.
有一段时间，他们好像会获胜。
While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration.尽管中学通常不鼓励学生对人生的新的方面进行探索，然而大学却要为这一探索作准备。
[误区警示]　当名词stage表示“阶段”时，较为抽象，后接定语从句时，如果定语从句中不缺主语和宾语，常用关系副词where来引导从句。
Their child is at the stage where she can say individual words but not full sentences.他们的孩子已经到了能说单个单词但不能说完整句子的阶段。
[相关拓展]　stage＋where/in which＋定语从句
当先行词是case, situation, position, point, stage等表抽象地点的名词，且定语从句中缺少地点状语时，定语从句常用where或in which引导。
The matter has reached a stage where they have to give in.事情已经发展到他们不得不屈服的地步。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①When the superstar appeared ________ stage, all the audience stood up to applaud.
②________ some stage we need to calculate when the project will be finished.
③The police are building up a picture of the incident stage ________ stage.
④These effective measures have helped to set the stage ________ economic recovery after the big earthquake.
⑤Andrew spends all his spare time playing with his computer but it's probably just a stage ________ he's going through.
on　
At　
by　
for
that/which
完成句子
⑥The government is at a stage ______________________________ (愿意与任何人对话的地步).
where it is willing to talk to almost anyone
4)award vt.授予；给予　n．奖；奖品；奖金
(教材原句)The woman was Tu Youyou, the first Chinese female scientist to be awarded a Nobel Prize for her work.
这位女士就是屠呦呦，是中国第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家。
(1)vt.授予；给予
award sth. to sb.＝award sb. sth.　　把某物授予某人
The mayor awarded Li Ming the first prize.
市长授予李明一等奖。
＝The mayor awarded the first prize to Li Ming.
＝Li Ming was awarded the first prize by the mayor.
(2)n.奖；奖品；奖金
an award presentation/ceremony 颁奖；颁奖仪式
give/present sb. an award (for) (因……)给某人颁奖
get/receive/win/gain/obtain an award (for...)
(因……)获奖
present sb. with an award 给某人颁奖
Our headteacher gave Li Hong an award for her excellent performance.我们校长给李红颁奖以表彰她的杰出表现。
The film won an award for its photography.
这部电影因其摄影而获奖。
[比较]　award/reward/prize
·award名词：奖励、奖赏、奖品；动词：award sb. sth.
＝award sth. to sb.奖励某人某物。award多指官方颁发的奖品、奖金，强调荣誉。
·reward名词：回报，酬谢，悬赏金；动词：reward sb. with sth.以某物奖赏某人。reward多指对某人的工作或服务等的回报、报酬，可以是金钱，也可以是物品或精神奖励。
·prize名词：多指在比赛、竞争或抽奖中获得的奖。
[语境助记]
The movie has won a number of awards.
该片获得了多个奖项。
Winning the match was just reward for the effort the team had made.赢得比赛的胜利是全队付出努力应得的回报。
First prize is a fortnight in Barbados and second prize is a weekend in Rome.一等奖是在巴巴多斯待两周，二等奖是在罗马度周末。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The winner received a gold medal as ________ award.
②A medal was awarded ________ the best speaker in the class.
③Mo Yan _________ (award) the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2012, which made one of the Chinese people's long held dreams come true.
④The award ________ this year's best actress went to Emma Stone.
⑤His movie won several ________ (award) at the film festival, which was beyond his wildest dream.
an
to
was awarded
for
awards
选词填空：award/reward/prize
⑥Mrs Taylor has an 8 year old daughter who has a gift for painting—she has won two national ________．
⑦A ￡100 ________ has been offered for the return of the necklace.
⑧The child smiled at his teacher as he received the ________．
prizes
reward
award
5)committee n．委员会(集体名词)
(教材原句)A scientist who was on the Nobel Prize Committee called Hans Forssberg explained that...诺贝尔奖委员会的一位名叫汉斯·福斯伯格的科学家解释说……
committee members 委员会成员
set up the committee 成立委员会
The committee was made up of professors and engineers.
委员会由教授和工程师组成。
[归纳拓展]
(1)其他类似的集体名词还有：audience, class, club, company, crew, crowd, enemy, family, government, group, party, public, staff, team等。
His family is a happy one.他的家庭是一个幸福的家庭。
(2)还有一些集体名词，如people, police, cattle等，只当复数看待，谓语动词必须用复数。
The police are searching for the thief.警察正在搜寻那个小偷。
[误区警示]　committee是集体名词，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果表示委员会中的成员，谓语动词用复数形式。
The committee has/have decided to dismiss him.委员会已决定辞退他。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The committee ________ (be) concerned about the large number of prisoners in this area.
②The committee who ________ (be) responsible for this decision would consider it over again.
③The police ________ (be) looking for a second car, which appeared on the crime scene the other day.
④There ________ no cattle, no people, no human footprints at all.
is/are
were
are
are
完成句子
⑤The Prime Minister will ________________ (成立委员会) to look into the matter.
⑥全家人都在看电视。
__________________________________________________________
set up the committee
The whole family are watching TV.
6)honour n．荣誉，荣幸，光荣；尊敬，尊重，崇敬；引起尊敬(或尊重、崇敬)的人(或事物)　vt.使感到荣幸；给……荣誉；表彰；尊重
(教材原句)This is not only an honour for myself, but also recognition of and encouragement for all scientists in China.这不仅是授予我个人的荣誉，也是对全体中国科学家的认可和鼓励。
(1)n.荣誉，荣幸，光荣；尊敬，尊重，崇敬；引起尊敬(或尊重、崇敬)的人(或事物)(→honourable adj.可敬的；品格高尚的)
in honour of sb./in sb.'s honour 向某人表示敬意；纪念某人
show honour to sb. 对某人表示敬意
have the honour of doing sth. 有幸做某事
feel it an honour to do sth. 感觉做某事很荣幸
it is an honour to do sth. 做某事很荣幸
do sb. an honour 使某人增光，给某人带来荣誉
We celebrate Mother's Day in honour of our mothers.
我们庆祝母亲节是为了向母亲表示敬意。
May I have the honour of this dance
可以赏光和我跳这支舞吗？
I feel it an honour to have a chance to get together with you.有机会与你们欢聚一堂我感到很荣幸。
So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not for profit Panda Base.
因此，受邀到非营利的熊猫基地(参观)是莫大的荣耀。
(2)vt.使感到荣幸；尊重，尊敬；给予表扬
We feel very honoured to be invited to attend the conference.
应邀来参加这次大会我们深感荣幸。
They gave their lives for their country and were honoured as heroes.他们为祖国献出了生命，被尊为英雄。
[语境助记]　In my office only I was honoured with an invitation.我办公室里只有我荣幸地受到邀请。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①It is indeed ________ honour to serve my country in such a position.
②If I have the honour of ___________ (choose) as a volunteer, I will try my best to offer the best service.
③She felt ________ an honour to have taken part in the work.
④A ceremony was held ________ those soldiers' honour.
⑤The Dragon Boat Festival takes place every year in honour ________ the great poet—Qu Yuan.
an
being chosen
it
in
of
⑥I'm glad to see that you've decided to honour us ______ your presence!
⑦Yuan Longping is honoured ________ his great contributions to agriculture.
⑧I feel ________ (honour) to be invited here to give you a lecture.
完成句子
⑨Two firefighters have ________________ (因……获得嘉奖) their courage.
⑩We had a great party to ____________ (对……表示敬意) the famous scientist.
with
for
honoured
been honoured for
show honour to
7)recognition n．表彰，赞扬；认出，认识，识别；承认，认可
gain/win recognition of... 得到……的赞扬/认可
in recognition of/for sth. 表彰……
beyond/out of (all) recognition 变得面目全非；(完全)认不出……
give sb. recognition 给予某人认可/承认
be given recognition 得到承认/认可
the recognition of 对……的认可
Traditional Chinese paintings have won recognition of the people all over the world.
传统的中国绘画已经赢得了全世界人民的认可。
He received the award in recognition of his achievement over the past year.
他受到了奖励，这是对他过去一年的成就的肯定。
The town has changed beyond recognition since I was last here.
自从我上次离开这里以来，这座小镇已经变得让人认不出来了。
recognise vt. 赞赏，赏识，看重；公认；辨认，识别；承认，意识到
recognise sb./sth. as... 公认某人/某物为……
recognise sb./sth. to be... 承认某人/某事是……
be recognised as/to be... 被认为是……
recognise...by... 通过……认出
recognise that... 承认/意识到……
I recognised him by his red hair as soon as he came in the room.他一进房间我就从他的红头发认出了他。
Since 1958, they have been recognised as the national theatre of Israel.自1958年，它们被公认为是以色列的国家剧院。

[拓展]
recognisable adj.可识别的；可辨认的
After so many years she was still immediately recognisable．
过了这么多年，还是一眼就能认出她。
It is recognised that...
……是大家认可/承认的。
It is recognised that Jane is the most intelligent girl among us.
大家承认简是我们当中最聪明的女孩。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①At last, her father's work has received popular ________ (recognise).
②The prize goes to Mr Smith in recognition ________ his achievement in the field of medicine.
③With the development of its economy, Tianjin has changed ________ recognition in the last few years.
④The hospital is recognised ________ a centre of excellence in research and teaching.
完成句子
⑤These brands ________________________ (已经获得认可) the local market.
⑥________________ (大家一致认为) environment pollution has become one of the most serious problems.
recognition
of
beyond
as
have already gained recognition of
It is recognised that
8)gain vt.获得，赢得，取得　vt. & vi.受益；(钟表等)走得快　vt.增加　n．好处；利益
(教材原句)．..she gained a deep knowledge about traditional practices.……她获得对传统医学的深刻了解。
gain permission/recognition 获得许可/认可
gain entrance/entry/access to sth. 得以进入/接近某物
gain the/one's attention 赢得关注
gain one's respect/trust 获得某人的尊重/信任
gain from... 从……中获益
gain (sth.) from... 从……中获得……
While working in that organisation, I gained a lot of experience.在那个组织工作时，我获得了很多经验。
Her unusual talent gained her worldwide recognition.
她非凡的才能举世公认。
Nothing ventured, nothing gained.(谚)不入虎穴，焉得虎子。
Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there.
总是寻找一种新的方式在这里或者那里挽回一个小时。
They gained greatly from this experiment.
在这次实验中，他们收获很大。
My watch gains two minutes every 24 hours.
我的手表每24小时快两分钟。
No gain without pain.(谚)不劳则无获。
A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit.吃一堑，长一智。
[拓展]　gain a reputation获得声望
gain speed加快速度
gain weight增加体重
gain independence赢得独立
gain popularity受欢迎
gain experience获得经验
gain knowledge获得知识
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①These policies have resulted in great ________ (gain) in public health.
②It is sad that a major company should try to gain ________ other people's suffering.
③There is nothing to ________ (gain) from delaying the decision.
gains　
from　
be gained
写出句中gain的词性及含义
④You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted to your work.____________
⑤He put a lot of money into the firm with the hope of gain in the future.____________
⑥Children who are not active or whose diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.____________
⑦The man gained a lot in the business, but he lost the respect of his friends.____________
动词，获得　
名词，利润　
动词，增加
动词，受益
9)establish vt.建立，设立，确立；确定，证实
(教材原句)In 1969, Tu Youyou was chosen to establish a team to find a cure for malaria...1969年，屠呦呦被选中组建一个团队来寻找疟疾的治疗方法……
establish a company 建立公司
establish a new research centre 建立一个新的研究中心
establish a reputation 树立声誉
establish relations/links/contact with sb. 与某人建立关系/联系
establish sb. as/sb. be established as 任命某人担任……
establish oneself in/sb. be established in
某人立足于……；某人定居于……
It has been established that... 已证实……
The school has established a good relationship with the local community.这所学校与当地社区建立了良好的关系。
The police are still trying to establish the cause of the accident.警方仍在努力确定事故的原因。
He established himself as governor of the province.
他受命当这个省的省长。
A new doctor has established himself in this street.
一位新来的医生在这条街上开业了。
It has been established that his injuries were caused by a fall.已经证实他是摔伤的。
established adj. 已确立的，确定的；公认的
establishment n. 机构；团体；建立；创立
get/become established 立足；站稳脚跟
the establishment of ……的建立
How long did it take you to become established in the office？你用了多长时间才在这个办公室站住了脚？
The speaker announced the establishment of a new college.发言人宣布了新学院的成立。
[易混词语比较]
establish和set up都表示“建立，设立(公司、机构)”，但set up不如establish正式，set up是日常英语中的常用短语。
·open开设，开办(向公众提供服务的企业，如商店、餐馆、酒店等)
·found创立(公司、学校、医院等机构，尤指为其提供奖金)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①It is said that the committee ____________ (establish) in 1912.
②This unit is now ________ established part of the course.
③Many teachers are now comfortably established ________ their new houses.
④What he did made others laugh at him, which made it hard for him to become ________ (establish) in the organisation.
⑤The next stage is to get the elephant to the training ____________ (establish).
⑥________ has been established that the horse was drugged.
was established
an
in
established
establishment
It
完成句子
⑦Mr Smith ______________ (被任命为) governor of the state.
⑧After graduation, he set up his company and gradually __________________ (树立了声誉).
was established as
established a reputation
10)chemical n．化学品(常用复数)　adj.化学的　chemist n．化学家，药剂师
(教材原句)They tested more than 240，000 chemicals with no success.他们测试了超过24万种化学物质，仍然没有成功。
(1)chemical industry 化学工业
chemical change/reaction 化学变化/反应
agricultural chemicals 农药
the organic chemical 有机化学品
chemical engineering 化学工程
chemical research 化学研究
a chemical element 化学元素
(2)the chemist's shop 药店
Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away.有些植物排出有臭味的化学物质来驱赶昆虫。
The chemical change takes place in paper when it burns.
纸燃烧时会产生化学变化。
A chemist can separate a medicine into its components.
化学家能把一种药物的各种成分分解出来。
[拓展]
chemistry n．化学
The new chemistry lab was paid by sponsors of the college.新的化学实验室是由学院的资助者出钱建的。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The government has called on people to reduce the amount of ________ (chemical) used in food production.
②The ________ (chemistry) industry produces such things as petrochemicals, drugs, and rubber.
③She worked as ________ chemist for the water company.
完成句子
④When _______________ (一个化学变化) takes place, one or more substances are formed.
chemicals
chemical　
a　
a chemical change
11)resource n．(常作复数)物力；资源；财力
(教材原句)．..the team had limited resources.
……团队资源有限。
(1)mineral resources 矿产资源
natural resources 自然资源
resources for learning 学习资料
develop/waste resources 开发/浪费资源
financial resources 财力
human resources 人力资源
abundant/rich/limited resources 充足的/丰富的/有限的资源
(2)pool one's resources 集中某人的资源
waste resources 浪费资源
In this poor country, some families don't have the resources to feed themselves properly.
在这个贫穷的国家，有些家庭无力维持生活。
We should take full advantage of natural resources.
我们要充分利用自然资源。
[比较]　resource/source
·resource表示抽象概念“资源”，water resources水力资源；
·source表示具体概念“来源”，water sources水源。
[拓展]　a food/an energy source食物/能量来源
a source of income收入来源
the source of the Nile尼罗河的发源地
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①We need to concentrate ________ (resource) on the poorest areas.
②The Internet is often used as ________ resource and as a tool for distance learning.
选词填空：resource/source
③Your local library will be a useful ________ of information.
④There's a great shortage of ________ materials in many schools.

resources
a
source
resource
12)staff n．全体职员，员工
(教材原句)They did not have enough staff, and the laboratory in which they worked had poor air quality.他们没有足够的工作人员，并且他们工作的实验室空气质量很差。
a staff meeting 员工会议
the entire staff 全体员工
staff members 职工
a staff restaurant 职工食堂
medical/teaching staff 全体医务人员/教师
staff development/training 员工培养/培训
Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests, like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke.
工作人员会为客人们举办大量的酒吧活动，比如免费拍照、酒吧巡游和卡拉OK。
[特别提醒]　staff是集体名词，作主语时，谓语动词既可以用单数也可以用复数。
The staff were very good.员工们都很棒。
The staff was seated at last.终于，全体人员都已落座了。
[知识拓展]　
高中阶段常见的集体名词：
family　　家庭
audience 观众
committee 委员会
public 公众
crew 全体人员
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The staff ________ (be) not very happy about the latest pay increase.
②The staff ________ (be) working on final arrangements for the conference.
翻译句子
③该校的教师队伍是优秀的。
__________________________________________________________
are　
is
The school's teaching staff is/are excellent.
13)eventually adv.最终；终于　eventual adj.最后的，最终的
(教材原句)However, after hundreds of failed experiments, they eventually came across a promising chemical.
然而，经过数百次失败的实验，他们最终发现了一种有前景的化学物质。
the eventual decision/result/victory最终的决定/结果/胜利
After several attempts, they eventually climbed to the top of the mountain.经过几次尝试，他们最终爬上了山顶。
Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him.
埃勒斯最终成功地把这只动物哄到了他身边。
Tom had forgotten the eventual outcome.
汤姆已经忘了最后的结果。
His foolish behaviour led to his eventual failure.
他的愚蠢行为导致了他最终的失败。
[归纳拓展]　
eventually的同义词语常见的有in the end, at last, at length, finally, lastly等
注意：表示列举时，最后一项用finally而不用eventually。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I ________ (eventual) realised I had to change my attitude towards medical work.
②He hated his stepfather and ________ (eventual) ran away from home.
③________ the end, we all decided to organise a concert for Easter.
④He was glad to see his daughter's life ________ last returned to normal.
eventually　
eventually　
In　
at
14)promising adj.大有希望的，有前途的，有出息的
He was voted the most promising new actor for his part in the movie.他因在该电影中扮演的角色而获评为最有前途的新演员。
promising future 光明的前途
promising young people 后起之秀
[拓展]　promise v. & n．
(1)v.许诺，承诺，答应，保证；使很可能，预示
promise to do sth. 答应做某事
promise sb. sth./promise sth. to sb. 答应把某物给某人
promise to be sth. 有……的希望
promise (sb.)＋that从句 (向某人)许诺……
The college principal promised to look into the matter.
学院院长答应研究这个问题。
He promised his grandchildren the money.
他答应给孙子孙女们这笔钱。
It promises to be an exciting day.这将是令人兴奋的一天。
The brochure promised (that) the local food would be superb.
旅游手册中保证说当地有极佳的美食。
Dropping ears of rice promise another good harvest.
沉甸甸的稻穗预示着又一次丰收。
(2)n.诺言，许诺，承诺；希望
make/keep/break a promise 许下/信守/违背诺言
carry out one's promise 履行诺言
live up to one's promise 信守诺言
She kept her promise to visit her aunt regularly.
她信守诺言，定期去看望姑妈。
He always does his best to live up to his promise and men like that are hard to find.
他总是尽力做到信守承诺，像这样的人很难找到。
[拓展]　a promising career in law
很有前途的法律职业
a promising young actor大有前途的年轻演员
a promising start良好的开端
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①A school has honoured one of its brightest and _______________ (promise) former students.
②He promised faithfully ________ (call) me every week.
③Whether YouTube can live up ________ its promise as a big ad platform is uncertain.
④The newspapers described her as a ________ (promise) young singer.
most promising
to call
to
promising　
写出句中promise的词性及含义
⑤I should not have believed the promise of the boss.____________
⑥There were dark clouds overhead promising rain.____________
⑦You show promise as a musician but your lack of practice is keeping you back.____________
完成句子
⑧Whatever reasons you may have, you should _________________ (履行诺言).
⑨The government failed to _____________________________ (信守承诺) of lower taxes.
名词，承诺　
动词，预示
名词，希望
carry out your promise
keep its promise/live up to its promise
15)despite prep.尽管；虽然(＝in spite of)
(教材原句)Today Tu Youyou continues to conduct research despite her age.如今，虽然年事已高，屠呦呦仍然继续做研究。
despite the fact that... 尽管……
despite this 尽管如此
Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.尽管疼痛，我坚持走了一会儿，然后又跑了起来。
Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is reluctant to invest in sufficient training for his staff.尽管酒店的服务很差，经理还是不愿意花钱为员工提供足够的培训。
[误区警示]
despite, in spite of是介词(短语)，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能用that引导从句，但可以用(1)despite/in spite of the fact(尽管事实是……)＋that同位语从句；(2)in spite of/despite＋what从句(√)。
Despite being ill, she works hard and succeeds in the scientific research field.
尽管生病了，但是她还是勤奋工作并在科研领域取得了成功。
Despite what you see in the movies, bats almost never drink human blood.不管你在电影里看到了什么，蝙蝠几乎从不喝人血。
She was good at physics despite the fact that she found it boring.尽管她认为物理枯燥无味，她却学得很好。
[拓展]
despite our best efforts
尽管我们尽了最大努力
despite applying for hundreds of jobs
尽管申请了数百个工作
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Despite ________ happened in the past I want her to know I am there for her.
②Joe is a good basketball player despite ________ (be) short and stout.
③They went swimming in spite ________ all the danger signs.
同义句转换
④In spite of what he said, I think he's still in love with you.
→________________________________________(despite)
what
being
of
Despite what he said, I think he's still in love with you.
16)wisdom n．知识，学问；智慧；至理名言
(教材原句)．..we learnt the wisdom behind both Chinese and Western medicine.……我们学到了中医和西医背后的智慧。
collective wisdom 集体智慧
a man of wisdom 有智慧的人
a woman of great wisdom 才女
goddess of wisdom 智慧女神
words of wisdom 至理名言
an example of bravery and wisdom 一个智勇双全的榜样
That's good wisdom which is wisdom in the end.
最后的聪慧才算真聪慧。
Experience is the father of wisdom and memory the mother.经验是智慧之父，记忆是智慧之母。
It is wrong to think that all wisdom is contained in books.认为一切学问都包含在书里的想法是错误的。
wise adj. 智慧的，明智的
wisely adv. 明智地；精明地
Life makes a wise man smile and a foolish man cry.
生活让智者微笑，让愚者哭泣。
It was very wise of you to leave then.你那时离开非常明智。
He wisely decided to tell the truth.他明智地决定实话实说。
[拓展]　a wise old man智叟
a wise decision/move/choice
明智的决定/明智的举动/明智的选择
It is wise of sb. to do sth.
某人做某事是明智的
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I certainly hope to gain a little ________ (wise) as I grow older.
②I'm older and ________ (wise) after ten years in the business.
③The three of us stood around the machine nodding ________ (wise).
完成句子
④Before I went off to university my father gave me a few ________________ (至理名言).
⑤_____________ (你是明智的) to buy car insurance for your new car.
wisdom
wiser
wisely
words of wisdom
It is wise of you
第二版块|重要短语
1)apart from...除……之外(别无)；除……之外(尚有))
I've finished apart from the last question.
除了最后一道题外，我全做完了。
Apart from their house in London, they also have a villa in Spain.他们在伦敦有一座房子，此外，在西班牙还有一座别墅。
[误区警示]　
(1)apart from＝aside from＝except for(先说整体，再修正局部)除去……之外
Everything is wonderful apart from/aside from/except for the terrible food.除了糟糕的食物之外，一切都很好。
(2)apart from＝aside from＝besides＝in addition to＝as well as(表示包含在内的)除……之外，还有……
Apart from/Aside from/Besides/In addition to/As well as Chinese, he can also speak French fluently.
除了中文外，他还能说流利的法语。
(3)except＝but(不包括在内的)除……之外
All the boys except Jackson are playing football on the playground.除了杰克逊以外，所有的男孩都在操场上踢足球。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Apart ________ the salary, it's not a bad job.
②Apart from ________ (help) the homeless, the organisation also collects money for protecting wild animals.
③The room was empty aside ________ one man seated beside the fire.
④Everything is quiet, except ________ some barks from far away.
⑤In addition ________ the killed and wounded, many were missing.
⑥She is a talented musician as well ________ being a photographer.
from　
helping　
from
for
to　
as
2)come across 偶然发现；偶遇；被理解
It was at the airport that I came across one of my university classmates.我是在机场偶然遇见了我的一位大学同学。
He spoke for a long time, but his meaning did not come across.他讲了很久，但他的意思还是没有被理解。
come about 发生
come up to 达到(标准等)；比得上
come to 总共；达到；(想法或念头)在……的头脑里冒出
come out 出版；出现；结果是
come along 出现；一起来
come back 回来；再度流行
come up 走近，靠近；被提及，被讨论
come up with 想出，想到(主意、答案)
come over 来访，拜访
How did the problem come about in the first place
当初这个问题是怎么产生的？
It came out that he had been telling lies.
后来才知道他一直在说谎。
When the right opportunity comes along, she'll take it.
适当的机会来临时，她会抓住的。
Long hair for men seems to be coming back.
男子留长发好像又在流行了。
What points came up at the meeting
会上讨论了一些什么问题？

[归纳拓展]　表示“偶遇”的短语：run across, meet with, run into, meet... by chance等。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①When reading articles related to science, we often come ________ difficult or unfamiliar words.
②The flood came ________ as a result of the heavy rain.
③Suddenly the answer came ________ me in a flash.
④It came ________ that some government officials received money from that company.
⑤Are you sure you really want all our friends to come ________？
⑥Long skirts have been out of fashion for a long time, but they are coming ________.
⑦Our class came up ________ the idea to make better use of used materials.
across
about
to　
out　
along　
back　
with
3)with the help of在……的帮助下
We broke open the lock with the help of a hammer.
我们用锤子把锁砸开了。
With the help of my deskmate, I made great progress in English.在我同桌的帮助下，我的英语取得了很大进步。
其它表述“在……帮助下”短语
with the assistance of 在……的帮助下
with the aid of... 在……帮助下
She is now able to get around with the aid of a walking stick.她现在能拄着拐杖走路了。
The work was completed with the assistance of local carpenters.这项工作在当地木匠的帮助下得以完成。
[注意]　“在……指导下”和“在……领导下”短语不能用介词with，而要用介词under：
Under the guidance of my teacher, I find the song easy to learn.在老师的指导下，我发现这首歌很容易学。
Under the leadership of the Party, our country has made great progress in every line.
在党的领导下，我国在各行各业都取得了巨大进步。
[归纳拓展]　be of little help没有多大帮助
be of great help＝be very helpful非常有帮助
ask for help请求帮助
need help需要帮助
seek help寻求帮助
help(...) out帮助(……)摆脱困境/渡过难关
come to one's help来帮某人的忙
help oneself to自用；自取
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①________ the help of my family, I achieved my goal of setting up a company of my own.
②________ the aid of this machine, we finished harvesting all the wheat in the field.
③We arrived at the destination finally ________ the assistance of the young driver.
④________ the guidance of the professor I succeeded in doing the experiment.
With
With　
with　
Under　
⑤We got the first place in the contest ________ the leadership of our class director.
⑥A good neighbor is also one who likes to help ________ in small ways.
⑦I didn't mean to eat anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn't help ________ (try) it.
⑧Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself ________ a snack.
under　
out
trying　
to
第三版块|疑难句型
1)that引导的同位语从句
(教材原句)However, Tu Youyou had an idea that Chinese herbs might hold the secret.
然而，屠呦呦认为中草药可能会起作用。
[句式分析]　某些抽象名词如fact, idea, doubt, order, hope, news, promise, truth, conclusion, wish, opinion, happiness等的后面，可以接同位语从句，解释该抽象名词的具体内容。
that在同位语从句中不作句子成分，没有实际意义，但不能省略，也不能用which替代。
The idea that I was “not athletic” stuck with me for years.多年来，我“不擅长运动”的想法一直困扰着我。
He asked me the question whether the work was worth doing.他问我那项工作是否值得做。
[说明]　(1)that引导的同位语从句所修饰的常见抽象名词有ability, idea, belief, doubt, evidence, fact, fear, hope, news, proposal, possibility, promise, suggestion, situation, thought, theory, truth, word (消息), order等。
There is no possibility that Bob can win first prize in the match.鲍勃是不可能在这场比赛中获得第一名的。
(2)that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别
that引导同位语从句，解释说明一些抽象名词的具体内容。that在同位语从句中不作成分，没有意义，但是不能省略。
that引导定语从句，对先行词加以限定，描述其性质或特征。that在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可以省略。
The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.(定语从句)他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。
They made the request that the problem (should) be discussed as soon as possible.(同位语从句)
他们要求尽快讨论这个问题。
[误区警示]　(1)that引导的同位语从句解释说明表示“建议、命令和要求”的名词suggestion, advice, command, demand, order, proposal, request, requirement等时，从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语要用“(should＋) do”形式。
He agreed with my suggestion that we (should) change the date.他同意我提出的我们更改日期的建议。
(2)分隔式同位语从句
有时同位语从句不是紧跟在它所解释说明的名词后，而是被别的成分隔开，形成分隔式同位语从句。
Word came that the sports meeting had been put off.
消息传来说，运动会推迟了。
[注意]　
如果同位语从句中意义和句子成分均完整，则用that引导；如果同位语从句意义不完整，则根据从句表达的意义选取相应的连词：whether是否(if不能引导同位语从句)；who谁；what什么；which哪一个；when何时；where何地；why为何；how如何。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The news ________ our team has won the game is really encouraging.
②There is much chance ________ Bill will recover from his injury for the race.
③She made a good suggestion ________ would be of benefit to the classmates, so we adopted it.
④The advice that he ______________ (invite) to the party was taken.
⑤You should keep the promise _____________ you made.
⑥What motivated me was the promise ________ one day my dreams would come true.
that　
that　
that/which
(should) be invited
that/which/不填
that　
判断下列句中含有哪种从句
⑦There is no doubt that Zhang Wei will keep his promise.________
⑧The report that will be given tomorrow is important to us.________
⑨The thought came to her that maybe she left the door open when she left home.________
⑩His father works in a factory that makes radio parts.________
同位语从句
定语从句
同位语从句
定语从句
2)not only... but also...不但……而且……
(教材原句)．.. Tu Youyou said, “This is not only an honour for myself, but also recognition of and encouragement for all scientists in China.”……屠呦呦说：“这不仅是授予我个人的荣誉，也是对全体中国科学家的认可和鼓励。”
[句式分析]　not only... but also...是并列连词，连接两个对等的成分，如主语、谓语、宾语、表语、状语等，还可连接两个分句。
not only... but also...连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致原则”。
not only... but also...连接两个分句，且not only位于句首时，not only分句要用部分倒装，but also分句不倒装。
Not only do the teachers have their own ideas on the matter, but the students have theirs too.对于这件事，不仅老师们有自己的看法，学生们也有自己的想法。
but和also有时可省略其中一个，或将also换为too, as well(位于句末)。
There, he not only did well as a student but also became an accomplished public speaker.在那里，他不仅作为一个学生做得很好，而且成了一个才华横溢的演说家。
As we all expect, the film will be not only meaningful but also interesting.正如我们大家所期望的那样，这部电影将不仅是有意义的，而且也是有趣的。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Not only you but also Judy ________ (be) to blame for this accident.
②Not only my parents but also I ________ (be) fond of music.
③Not only _______ the prices ________ (increase), but their wages ___________ (raise) as well.
完成句子
④I can speak ________ English _________ French(不但……而且……).
⑤_______ can I speak English _______ French(不但……而且……).
⑥________ can I speak English but French _______(不但……而且……).
is
am
did
increase
were raised
not only
but also
Not only
but also
Not only
as well
3)whose引导定语从句
(教材原句)Even though Tu Youyou is not interested in fame, she has become a scientist whose work is internationally renowned.尽管屠呦呦对声名不感兴趣，但她已成为一名国际知名的科学家。
[句式分析]　whose引导定语从句，先行词既可以指人也可以指物。
·先行词指人时，whose＋名词＝the＋名词＋of whom＝of whom＋the＋名词
·先行词指物时，whose＋名词＝the＋名词＋of which＝of which＋the＋名词
例如：(1)We rushed over to help the man，
那个人的车坏了，我们跑过去帮忙。
(2)He lives in a house
他住在一栋窗户朝向大海的房子里。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Kate, ________ sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.
②My eldest son, ________ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.
③You're the only one ________ advice he might listen to.
④I'd like a room ________ window looks out over the sea.
whose　
whose　
whose　
whose
一句多译(完成句子)
⑤当心！不要太靠近那座建筑物，它的墙正在被粉刷。
Watch out! Don't get too close to the building _________ walls are being painted.
⑥Watch out! Don't get too close to the building ________________ are being painted.
⑦Watch out! Don't get too close to the building ______________ are being painted.

whose
the walls of which　
of which the walls
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I've read all the available ________ (文献资料) on keeping rabbits.
2．The result is interesting and different, but do not attempt the ________ (食谱) if time is short.
3．We do not have the ________ (资源) to update our computer software.
4．He was responsible for hiring and firing ________ (员工).
5．Our monitor gains ________ (名声) for being generous with his money to help others.
6．The ________ (委员会) has decided to set the stage for it.
7．It's my great ________ (荣誉) to attend the award ceremony today.
literature
recipe
resources
staff
fame
committee
honour
8．He received the award in ________ (赞扬) of his success over the past years.
9．We need to ________ (建立) a legal framework for the protection of the ecology.
10．This ________ (化学品) has a wide range of industrial uses.
11．Her voice was shaking ________ (尽管) all her efforts to control it.
12．There is only one thing that people can't take away from you, and that is your ________ (智慧)!
13．It was the first time that Jane and I had been ________ (分开) for more than a week.
recognition
establish
chemical
despite
wisdom
apart
14．The ________ (药物) will be useful to millions of infected people.
15．A high percentage of the ________ (女性) staff are part－time workers.
16．The way children talk about or express their feelings depends on their age and ________ (阶段) of development.
17．He was ________ (给予) ￡50，000 in damages.
drug
female
stage　
awarded
Ⅱ.短语填空
apart from, stage by stage, one by one, lead to, hundreds of，with the help of
1．There are ___________ poisonous insects.
2．Officials must often count up the votes __________， going through every ballot and recording the vote.
3．He was standing a bit __________ the rest of the explorers, watching us.
hundreds of
one by one
apart from
4．The admirable police are building up a picture of the incident ________________．
5．Failing to keep the chemical at the right temperature could __________ an explosion.
6．_____________ our teacher, we are sure to be admitted by a famous university.
stage by stage
lead to
With the help of
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
A
1．When sober, he can come ________ as an extremely pleasant and charming young man.
2．Additionally, we select our teachers ____their engaging personalities.
3．These programs will integrate ________ your existing software.
4．Eventually, he was honoured with an award along ________ his mentor.
across
for
into/with
with
5．________ (eventual) your child will leave home to lead her own life as a fully independent adult.
6．I want to thank the nurses, men and women, ________ care has been so surprising.
7．There is nothing to be gained ________ delaying the remarkable decision.
8．We must make the most of the available financial ________ (resource).
Eventually
whose
from
resources
B
1．[重庆卷]Apart ________ an occasional noise from the elephant's stomach, the forest was silent.
2．[新高考全国Ⅰ卷]However, the majority of people are ________ (effect) speakers because they train to be.
1．答案与解析：from　句意：除了(apart from)大象肚子里偶尔发出的声音，森林里一片寂静。
2．答案与解析：effective　用形容词作定语。句意：然而，大多数人之所以能成为有效的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。
3．[江苏卷]Wilson received several international ________ (award) for his great contributions.
4．[2020·天津二考]—Next time you visit Bob, remember to give him a call ________ advance.
—Good point. I will.
3．答案与解析：awards　several后用名词的复数形式。句意：威尔逊因其巨大的贡献获得了几项国际奖。
4．答案与解析：in　in advance提前。句意：“下次你去拜访鲍勃的时候，记得提前给他打个电话。”“好主意。我会的。”
5．[2021·浙江二考]He explained our basic task, the tractor fired up and we were off, riding down the field looking for weeds to spray with ________(chemical).
6．[2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural ________ (resource) wisely.
5．答案与解析：chemicals　chemical当“化学品”讲是可数名词。句意：他解释了我们的基本任务，拖拉机发动起来，我们就出发了，沿着田野寻找可以喷洒化学药剂的杂草。
6．答案与解析：resources　resource当“资源”讲时，是可数名词。句意：印第安人明智地保护了这些宝贵的自然资源。
7．[江苏卷]Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to a waste of ________ (limit) resources.
8．[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and ________ (eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
7．答案与解析：limited　句意：对新技术影响的误判会导致有限资源的浪费。
8．答案与解析：eventually　动词由副词来修饰。句意：大熊猫国家公园的主要目标是改善大熊猫种群和大熊猫家园之间的连通性，最终使其达到预期的野生种群水平。
9．[全国Ⅱ卷]However, the railway quickly proved to be ________ great success and within six months, more than 25，000 people were using it every day.
10．[2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]Judges will choose up to 50 ________ (honour) mention winners, who will each receive a T－shirt in memory of Earhart's final flight.
9．答案与解析：a　success此处是抽象名词具体化的用法，表示“一件成功的事”。句意：然而，这条铁路很快被证明是一个巨大的成功，在6个月内，每天有超过25 000人使用它。
10．答案与解析：honourable　用形容词作定语。句意：评委们将选出多达50名获奖者，每人将获得一件纪念埃尔哈特最后一次飞行的T恤衫。
11．[浙江一考]I ________ (gain) five pounds since I arrived.
12．[江苏卷]The purchase price could also be a signal that an ________ (establish) company is buying a newborn threat.
11．答案与解析：have gained　根据时间状语从句since I arrived可知，主句用现在完成时。
12．答案与解析：established　此处用过去分词作定语，修饰company。that引导名词signal的同位语从句。
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．你的索赔应当能成功，假如这样的话，损害赔偿金将会相当可观。
Your claim ought to succeed, ____________ the damages will be quite substantial.
2．他比我年纪大这一事实无关紧要。
___________ he's older than me is irrelevant.
3．我看见一个人正冲着一个司机大喊，那个司机的车堵住了街道。
I saw a man shouting at a driver ________ car was blocking the street.
in which case
The fact that
whose
4．邻居们借助一把梯子把孩子们从大火中救了出来。
_____________ a ladder, neighbours were able to rescue the children from the blaze.
5．她不仅会说西班牙语，还精通计算机软件。
_______ can she speak Spanish, she's ______ good at computer software.
With the help of
Not only
alsoSection B　Lesson 1　A Medical Pioneer
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．____________ vt. 授予；给予
n. 奖；奖品；奖金；奖状
2．____________ v. 获得，赢得，取得；受益
n. 好处；利益
3．____________ n. 蚊子
4．____________ n. 舞台；阶段
5．____________ prep. 尽管；虽然
6．____________ n. 全体职员，员工
7．____________ n. 药草
8．____________ n. 处方；秘诀
9．____________ n. 物力；资源
10．____________ n. 药物，药材；毒品
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．limit n．限度；限制；限量；界限 v．限制；限定；限量→________ adj.有限的
2．eventual adj.最后的；最终的；结果的→________ adv.最终；终于
3．promise v．许诺；承诺；答应；预示→________ adj.大有希望的
4．fame n．名声，名誉→________ adj.著名的
5．wise adj.充满智慧的；明智的→________ n．知识；学问；智慧
6．advance n．发展；进步→________ adj.高级的
7．integrate vi. & vt.(使)结合；(使)成为一体→________ n．结合；一体化；融合
8．effect n．效应；影响；结果；效果→________ adj.有效的，产生预期效果的
9．honour n. 荣誉→________ adj.可敬的；品格高尚的
10．recognise v．赞赏；赞成→________ n．表彰；赞扬
11．academy n. 研究院；学会→________ adj.学业的；教学的，学术的
Ⅲ.重点短语(英汉互译)
A 写出下列短语的汉意
1．an infectious disease ________________
2．apart from... ________________
3．an effective cure ________________
4．a vaccine against ________________
5．a medical researcher ________________
6．be awarded... for... ________________
7．the development of new drugs
________________
8．recognition and encouragement
________________
9．gain a deep knowledge about
________________
10．establish a team ________________
11．one by one ________________
12．limited resources ________________
13．air quality ________________
14．come across ________________
15．be fully integrated ________________
B 写出下列汉语所对应的英语短语
1．________________ 数以百万计的
2.________________ 医学文献资料
3．________________ 传统中医
4．________________ 传统处方
5．________________ 采用现代研究方法
6．________________ 志愿成为……
7．________________ 准备做……
8．________________ 世界上最有效的药物
9．________________ 对名誉感兴趣
10．________________ 国际上著名的
11．________________ 在困难时期
12．________________ 做某事的能力
13．________________ 实现某人的目标
14．________________ 未来发展的巨大潜力
15．________________ 女科学家
Ⅰ.课文思维导图
Ⅱ.课文阅读理解
1．What's the text mainly about
A.A battle against malaria.
B.A research of malaria.
C.Tu Youyou—a medical pioneer.
D.Artemisinin—the most effective medicine.
2．Which of the following might be effective in fighting malaria
A．Chinese herbs. B．Chemicals.
C．Western medicine. D．Animal bones.
3．What can we learn from the text
A.The drugs were experimented with animals.
B.Tu Youyou and her team devoted themselves to research.
C.The drugs were tested on her teammates.
D.Tu Youyou and her team used ancient research methods to study Chinese herbs.
4．What can be inferred from the text
A．Tu Youyou likes attending a wide range of social activities.
B.Tu Youyou worked with foreign doctors in developing artemisinin.
C.Tu Youyou hopes that Chinese and Western medicine can be fully integrated.
D.Tu Youyou looks down upon those who do nothing.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
In 2015, Tu Youyou won the Nobel Prize. She was the first Chinese female scientist 1.________ (award) the prize for her great contributions to medicine. Tu Youyou and her team discovered artemisinin, the world's most 2.________ (effect) drug for fighting malaria. The drugs 3.________ (save) the lives of millions so far. When 4.________ (thank) the Committee for the honour, Tu Youyou said, “This is not only an honour for myself, but also 5.________ (recognise) of and encouragement for all scientists in China.”
After graduating from Peking University Health Science Centre, Tu Youyou worked in China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and gained 6.________ deep knowledge about traditional practices. In 1969, Tu Youyou was chosen to establish a team to find a cure for malaria. Across the world, scientists tested over 240，000 chemicals with no success. However, Tu Youyou had an idea 7.________ Chinese herbs might hold the secret. She and her team used modern research methods to study these Chinese herbs one by one.
This was not an easy work. However, after hundreds of failed experiments, they 8.________ (eventual) found a promising chemical. They tested themselves and the test was a success. The medicine they discovered was artemisinin.
In 2019, Tu Youyou 9.________ (select) by the BBC as one of the most influential figures of science in the 20th century. 10.________ her age, Tu Youyou continues to conduct research.
[词汇注释]
①stage/ste d /n.舞台；阶段
②drug/dr ɡ/n.药物，药材；毒品
※the life saving drug
救命药
③with the help of在……的帮助下
④female/'fi me l/
adj.女(性)的
⑤award/ 'w d/vt.授予；给予
※be awarded...for...因……而被授予……
⑥committee/k 'm ti/n.
委员会
⑦lead to 引起；导致
⑧honour/' n /n.荣誉 vt.感到荣幸
※It's an honour to do sth.
做某事是一种荣幸
⑨recognition/ rek ɡ'n n/n.表彰；赞扬
※recognise v．辨认出；承认；认可
⑩academy/ 'k d mi/n.
研究会；学会
gain/ge n/v.获得，赢得，取得；受益 n．好处；利益
※gain a deep knowledge about 对……有深刻了解
traditional practices 传统医学
establish/ 'st bl /vt.
建立，设立
※establish a team组建团队
a cure for……的治疗方法
millions of数以百万计的
across the world 全世界
chemical/'kem k l/n.
化学品　adj.化学的
herb/h b/n.药草
literature/'l t r t /n.
文献资料；著述；文学
recipe/'res pi/n.处方；秘诀
(21) (be) connected to
与……有联系
(22)one by one一个接一个，逐一
(23)limited/'l m t d/ adj.
有限的
(24)resource/r 'z s/n.
物力；资源
※limited resources
有限资源
(25)staff/stɑ f/n.全体职员，员工
(26)eventually/ 'vent u li/ adv.最终；终于
(27)come across偶然发现；偶遇
(28)promising/'pr m s /
adj.大有希望的
※promise v. 承诺；答应；保证
(29)volunteer to do sth.志愿做某事
(30)a success 一个成功的人或一件成功的事
(31)effective / 'fekt v/adj.
有效的，产生预期效果的
(32)*fame/fe m/n.名声，名誉
(33)*renowned/r 'na nd/
adj.著名的，有名望的
(34)be selected as被选为
(35)one of the most influential figures of science科学界最具影响力的人物之一
(36)be noted for因……而出名
(37)bridge vt.架起桥梁；弥合(差距)
(38)despite/d 'spa t/prep.
尽管；虽然
※despite＝in spite of
(39)wisdom/'w zd m/n.
知识，学问；智慧
※the wisdom behind...……背后的智慧
(40)potential/p 'ten l/n.
潜力；可能性
※There is great potential for...在……方面有巨大的潜力。
(41)advance/ d'vɑ ns/n.
发展；进步
(42)integrate/' nt ɡre t/
vi. & vt. (使)结合；(使)成为一体
※integrate...with...……与……成为一体,　　
[教材原文]
At the Nobel Prize Lecture on 7 December, 2015, an 84 year old Chinese woman walked slowly on to the stage①. She began to talk about the life saving drug②， artemisinin, which she had discovered with the help of③ her team in the 1970s. The woman was Tu Youyou, the first Chinese female④ scientist to be awarded⑤ a Nobel Prize for her work. A__scientist__who__was__on__the__Nobel__Prize__Committee⑥__called__Hans__Forssberg__explained__that“the__discovery__of__artemisinin__has__led__to⑦__the__development__of__new__drugs__which__have__saved__the__lives__of__millions”.__ [1]When thanking the Committee for the honour⑧， Tu Youyou said, “This is not only an honour for myself, but also recognition⑨ of and encouragement for all scientists in China.”
[1]※句子的主干是A scientist explained that...，that引导宾语从句；who和which引导的定语从句分别修饰 A scientist与new drugs。
Tu Youyou was born in Zhejiang Province, China, on 30 December, 1930. She studied medicine at Peking University Health Science Centre. After graduation, she became a member of China AcademyB10 of Chinese Medical Sciences. Later, she studied Chinese medicine for two and a half years with experts in the field from__whom__she__gained __a__deep____knowledge__about__traditional__practices .[2]
[2]※“介词from＋关系代词whom”引导的定语从句，修饰experts。
In 1969, Tu Youyou was chosen to establish a team to find a cure for malaria—a disease that killed millions of people every year. Across the world ， scientists had been trying to find a cure. They tested more than 240，000 chemicals with no success. However, Tu Youyou had an idea that__Chinese__herbs ____might__hold__the__secret．[3] She studied ancient Chinese medical literature and visited experts in traditional Chinese medicine. She researched hundreds of traditional recipes connected to21 anti malarial cures. Then Tu Youyou and her team began using modern research methods to study these Chinese herbs one by one.22
[3]※句中that引导同位语从句，对idea进行解释说明。
This was not an easy task. The__reason__why__this____was__difficult__was__that__the__team__had__limited23__resources24__.[4]They__did__not__have__enough__staff25,__and__the__laboratory__in__which__they__worked__had____poor__air__quality.[5] However, after hundreds of failed experiments, they eventually26 came across27 a promising28 chemical. It worked well in experiments on animals, but they had to know if it was safe for humans. Tu Youyou bravely volunteered to29 be the first human subject when they were ready to start testing and the rest of her team followed her. The test was a success30. The medicine they discovered, artemisinin, has now become the world's most effective31 drug for fighting malaria.
Even though Tu Youyou is not interested in fame32, she has become a scientist whose work is internationally renowned33. In 2019, she was selected by the BBC as34 one of the most influential figures of science35 in the 20th century along with Albert Einstein and Alan Mathison Turing. Tu Youyou was noted for36 her bravery in being a scientist during a difficult time for science in China, her ability to use old wisdom and new methods to achieve her goals and the fact that her work bridged37 the Eastern and Western worlds, saving millions of lives. Today Tu Youyou continues to conduct research despite38 her age. According to Tu Youyou, “From our research experience in discovering artemisinin, we learnt the wisdom39 behind both Chinese and Western medicine. There is great potential40 for future advances41 if these two kinds of wisdom can be fully integrated42”．
[4]※固定句式：The reason why...is/was that...……的原因是……。why引导定语从句，修饰The reason；that引导表语从句。
[5]※句中and连接两个并列分句，后一个分句中，含有“介词in＋关系代词which”引导的定语从句，修饰the laboratory。
[汉语译文]
在2015年12月7日的诺贝尔奖颁奖典礼上，一位84岁高龄的中国老奶奶慢慢地走上领奖台(stage)。她开始介绍挽救生命的药物(drug)——青蒿素，这是她在团队的帮助下于20世纪70年代发现的一种药。这位女士就是屠呦呦，是中国第一位获得(award)诺贝尔奖的女(female)科学家。诺贝尔奖委员会(committee)的一位名叫汉斯·福斯伯格的科学家解释说：“青蒿素的发现使得新药得以开发，这些药物拯救了数百万人的生命。”在感谢委员会授予的荣誉(honour)时，屠呦呦说：“这不仅是授予我个人的荣誉，也是对全体中国科学家的认可(recognition)和鼓励。”
1930年12月30日，屠呦呦出生于中国浙江省。她曾在北京大学健康科学中心学习医学。毕业后，她成为中国中医科学研究院(academy)的一员。后来，她跟随该领域的专家学习了两年半的中医，获得(gain)对传统医学的深刻了解。
1969年，屠呦呦被选中组建(establish)一个团队来寻找疟疾的治疗方法，疟疾是一种每年导致数百万人死亡的疾病。世界各地的科学家都在试图找到治疗方法。他们测试了超过24万种化学物质(chemical)，仍然没有成功。然而，屠呦呦认为中草药(herb)可能会起作用。她研究了古代的中医文献资料(literature)，拜访了传统中医界的专家。她研究了数百种与抗疟疾治疗有关的传统配方(recipe)。随后，屠呦呦和她的团队开始采用现代的研究方法对这些中草药逐一进行研究。
这不是一项容易的任务，因为团队资源(resource)有限(limited)。他们没有足够的工作人员(staff)，并且他们工作的实验室空气质量很差。然而，经过数百次失败的实验，他们最终(eventually)发现(come across)了一种有前景的(promising)化学物质。这种物质在动物实验中效果很好，但他们必须知道它对人类是否安全。当他们准备开始测试时，屠呦呦勇敢地志愿成为第一个人类实验对象，团队中的其他人也紧随其后。这次测试很成功。他们发现的青蒿素现在已经成为世界上抗击疟疾最有效的(effective)药物。
尽管屠呦呦对名誉(fame)不感兴趣，但她已成为一名国际知名的(renowned)科学家。2019年．她被英国广播公司选为20世纪最具影响力的科学人物之一，与阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦和艾伦·麦席森·图灵齐名。屠呦呦在中国科学的困难时期勇敢地成为一名科研人员，用古老的智慧和全新的方法实现目标，她的事业贯通了东西方世界，拯救了数百万人的生命，因此而闻名于世。如今，虽然(despite)年事已高，屠呦呦仍然继续做研究。她说：“从发现青蒿素的研究经验中，我们学到了中医和西医背后的智慧。如果这两种智慧(wisdom)能够完全融合(integrate)，未来将有巨大的发展(advance)潜力(potential)。”
第一版块|核心单词
1)apart adj. & adv.分开，散开；相隔，相距)
(教材原句)Malaria kills over 1，000，000 people a year—more people than any disease apart from AIDS.每年有超过100万人死于疟疾，这比除艾滋病之外的任何疾病都要多。
come/fall apart 崩溃；破裂；土崩瓦解
live apart 分开居住
take apart 拆开，拆卸
keep...apart 把……分开
set...apart from 使……与众不同
tell...apart 把……区分开
tear apart 撕毁，撕碎，撕开
At that time we were never apart.那时我们从不分开。
To our regret, his marriage fell apart.
令我们遗憾的是，他的婚姻破裂了。
Li Hua and his sister Li Hong lived just 25 miles apart from each other.李华和妹妹李红住得彼此仅隔25英里。
Rod loves taking apart clocks. However, he never manages to put them together again.
罗德喜欢把钟表拆开，但他从未能再组装上。
[语境助记]　She keeps herself apart from other people.她与其他人保持距离。
I can't tell the twins apart.
我区分不开这对双胞胎。
[即学即练]　完成句子
①I ________________________ (要崩溃了). I wasn't getting any sleep.
②He had a deep voice, which ________________________ (使他与……不同) others in our small town.
③It's easy to ______________________ (区分开我的药片) because they're all different colours.
④They live on the same street, ________________ (相隔大约两个街区).
⑤He ______________________ (把煮好的鸡肉撕开) and began to eat it.
2)effective adj.有效的，产生预期效果的；生效的，起作用的　effectively adv.有效地)
(教材原句)The drug with artemisinin has proved to be the most effective cure.含有青蒿素的药物已被证明是最有效的治疗方法。
be effective against 有对抗……的效力
be effective from 从……起生效
take effective measures to do sth. 采取有效措施做某事
You want to be an effective public speaker.
你想成为一个有影响力的公众演说家。
The new speed limit on this road becomes effective from 1 June.这条路上新的限速规定自6月1日起生效。
You should take effective measures to improve your working conditions.你们应采取有效措施来改善你们的工作条件。
The public should be educated to use resources more effectively.应该教育大众更有效地使用资源。
[拓展]　effect n．效果；影响
come into effect生效；开始实施 have an effect on对……有影响
take effect生效；起作用 in effect实际上；有效
side effect副作用
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Group exercise is one of the ________ (effective) ways to improve physical fitness.
②Our government has taken ________ (effect) measures to prevent drunk driving.
③I doubt whether soap should be effective ________ all flu viruses.
④If you can use a word correctly and ________ (effective), you understand it.
⑤His wife has, ________ effect, run the government for the past six months.
⑥When do the new driving laws come ________ effect
⑦Does television have an effect ________ children's behaviour？
3)stage n．舞台，戏剧；阶段，时期，状态)
(教材原句)At the Nobel Prize Lecture on 7 December, 2015, an 84 year old Chinese woman walked slowly on to the stage.在2015年12月7日的诺贝尔奖颁奖典礼上，一位84岁高龄的中国老奶奶慢慢地走上领奖台。
early stages 早期，初期
at one stage 有一段时间
go on the stage 当演员
on stage 在舞台上
stage by stage 逐步地，一步一步地
set the stage for 为……做好准备
later stages 后续阶段
in stages 分阶段地
take centre stage 成为关注的焦点
at different stages of development 处在不同的发展阶段
go through a stage 经历某一阶段
There were more than 50 people on stage in one scene.
有一场戏中舞台上有50多个人。
His parents didn't want him to go on the stage.
他父母不想让他当演员。
Don't worry about the baby not wanting to leave you—it's a stage they go through.
宝宝不肯离开你别担心，他们总要经过这个阶段。
At one stage it looked as though they would win.
有一段时间，他们好像会获胜。
While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration.尽管中学通常不鼓励学生对人生的新的方面进行探索，然而大学却要为这一探索作准备。
[误区警示]　当名词stage表示“阶段”时，较为抽象，后接定语从句时，如果定语从句中不缺主语和宾语，常用关系副词where来引导从句。
Their child is at the stage where she can say individual words but not full sentences.他们的孩子已经到了能说单个单词但不能说完整句子的阶段。
[相关拓展]　stage＋where/in which＋定语从句
当先行词是case, situation, position, point, stage等表抽象地点的名词，且定语从句中缺少地点状语时，定语从句常用where或in which引导。
The matter has reached a stage where they have to give in.事情已经发展到他们不得不屈服的地步。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①When the superstar appeared ________ stage, all the audience stood up to applaud.
②________ some stage we need to calculate when the project will be finished.
③The police are building up a picture of the incident stage ________ stage.
④These effective measures have helped to set the stage ________ economic recovery after the big earthquake.
⑤Andrew spends all his spare time playing with his computer but it's probably just a stage ________ he's going through.
完成句子
⑥The government is at a stage ________________________ (愿意与任何人对话的地步).
4)award vt.授予；给予　n．奖；奖品；奖金)
(教材原句)The woman was Tu Youyou, the first Chinese female scientist to be awarded a Nobel Prize for her work.
这位女士就是屠呦呦，是中国第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家。
(1)vt.授予；给予
award sth. to sb.＝award sb. sth.　　把某物授予某人
The mayor awarded Li Ming the first prize.
市长授予李明一等奖。
＝The mayor awarded the first prize to Li Ming.
＝Li Ming was awarded the first prize by the mayor.
(2)n.奖；奖品；奖金
an award presentation/ceremony 颁奖；颁奖仪式
give/present sb. an award (for) (因……)给某人颁奖
get/receive/win/gain/obtain an award (for...)
(因……)获奖
present sb. with an award 给某人颁奖
Our headteacher gave Li Hong an award for her excellent performance.我们校长给李红颁奖以表彰她的杰出表现。
The film won an award for its photography.
这部电影因其摄影而获奖。
[比较]　award/reward/prize
·award名词：奖励、奖赏、奖品；动词：award sb. sth.
＝award sth. to sb.奖励某人某物。award多指官方颁发的奖品、奖金，强调荣誉。
·reward名词：回报，酬谢，悬赏金；动词：reward sb. with sth.以某物奖赏某人。reward多指对某人的工作或服务等的回报、报酬，可以是金钱，也可以是物品或精神奖励。
·prize名词：多指在比赛、竞争或抽奖中获得的奖。
[语境助记]
The movie has won a number of awards.
该片获得了多个奖项。
Winning the match was just reward for the effort the team had made.赢得比赛的胜利是全队付出努力应得的回报。
First prize is a fortnight in Barbados and second prize is a weekend in Rome.一等奖是在巴巴多斯待两周，二等奖是在罗马度周末。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The winner received a gold medal as ________ award.
②A medal was awarded ________ the best speaker in the class.
③Mo Yan ________ (award) the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2012, which made one of the Chinese people's long held dreams come true.
④The award ________ this year's best actress went to Emma Stone.
⑤His movie won several ________ (award) at the film festival, which was beyond his wildest dream.
选词填空：award/reward/prize
⑥Mrs Taylor has an 8 year old daughter who has a gift for painting—she has won two national ________．
⑦A ￡100 ________ has been offered for the return of the necklace.
⑧The child smiled at his teacher as he received the ________．
5)committee n．委员会(集体名词))
(教材原句)A scientist who was on the Nobel Prize Committee called Hans Forssberg explained that...诺贝尔奖委员会的一位名叫汉斯·福斯伯格的科学家解释说……
committee members 委员会成员
set up the committee 成立委员会
The committee was made up of professors and engineers.
委员会由教授和工程师组成。
[归纳拓展]
(1)其他类似的集体名词还有：audience, class, club, company, crew, crowd, enemy, family, government, group, party, public, staff, team等。
His family is a happy one.他的家庭是一个幸福的家庭。
(2)还有一些集体名词，如people, police, cattle等，只当复数看待，谓语动词必须用复数。
The police are searching for the thief.警察正在搜寻那个小偷。
[误区警示]　committee是集体名词，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果表示委员会中的成员，谓语动词用复数形式。
The committee has/have decided to dismiss him.委员会已决定辞退他。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The committee ________ (be) concerned about the large number of prisoners in this area.
②The committee who ________ (be) responsible for this decision would consider it over again.
③The police ________ (be) looking for a second car, which appeared on the crime scene the other day.
④There ________ no cattle, no people, no human footprints at all.
完成句子
⑤The Prime Minister will ________________________ (成立委员会) to look into the matter.
⑥全家人都在看电视。
________________________________________________________________________
6)honour n．荣誉，荣幸，光荣；尊敬，尊重，崇敬；引起尊敬(或尊重、崇敬)的人(或事物)　vt.使感到荣幸；给……荣誉；表彰；尊重)
(教材原句)This is not only an honour for myself, but also recognition of and encouragement for all scientists in China.这不仅是授予我个人的荣誉，也是对全体中国科学家的认可和鼓励。
(1)n.荣誉，荣幸，光荣；尊敬，尊重，崇敬；引起尊敬(或尊重、崇敬)的人(或事物)(→honourable adj.可敬的；品格高尚的)
in honour of sb./in sb.'s honour 向某人表示敬意；纪念某人
show honour to sb. 对某人表示敬意
have the honour of doing sth. 有幸做某事
feel it an honour to do sth. 感觉做某事很荣幸
it is an honour to do sth. 做某事很荣幸
do sb. an honour 使某人增光，给某人带来荣誉
We celebrate Mother's Day in honour of our mothers.
我们庆祝母亲节是为了向母亲表示敬意。
May I have the honour of this dance
可以赏光和我跳这支舞吗？
I feel it an honour to have a chance to get together with you.有机会与你们欢聚一堂我感到很荣幸。
So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not for profit Panda Base.
因此，受邀到非营利的熊猫基地(参观)是莫大的荣耀。
(2)vt.使感到荣幸；尊重，尊敬；给予表扬
We feel very honoured to be invited to attend the conference.
应邀来参加这次大会我们深感荣幸。
They gave their lives for their country and were honoured as heroes.他们为祖国献出了生命，被尊为英雄。,[语境助记]　In my office only I was honoured with an invitation.我办公室里只有我荣幸地受到邀请。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①It is indeed ________ honour to serve my country in such a position.
②If I have the honour of ________ (choose) as a volunteer, I will try my best to offer the best service.
③She felt ________ an honour to have taken part in the work.
④A ceremony was held ________ those soldiers' honour.
⑤The Dragon Boat Festival takes place every year in honour ________ the great poet—Qu Yuan.
⑥I'm glad to see that you've decided to honour us ________ your presence!
⑦Yuan Longping is honoured ________ his great contributions to agriculture.
⑧I feel ________ (honour) to be invited here to give you a lecture.
完成句子
⑨Two firefighters have ____________________________ (因……获得嘉奖) their courage.
⑩We had a great party to ____________________________ (对……表示敬意) the famous scientist.
7)recognition n．表彰，赞扬；认出，认识，识别；承认，认可)
gain/win recognition of... 得到……的赞扬/认可
in recognition of/for sth. 表彰……
beyond/out of (all) recognition 变得面目全非；(完全)认不出……
give sb. recognition 给予某人认可/承认
be given recognition 得到承认/认可
the recognition of 对……的认可
Traditional Chinese paintings have won recognition of the people all over the world.
传统的中国绘画已经赢得了全世界人民的认可。
He received the award in recognition of his achievement over the past year.
他受到了奖励，这是对他过去一年的成就的肯定。
The town has changed beyond recognition since I was last here.
自从我上次离开这里以来，这座小镇已经变得让人认不出来了。
recognise vt. 赞赏，赏识，看重；公认；辨认，识别；承认，意识到
recognise sb./sth. as... 公认某人/某物为……
recognise sb./sth. to be... 承认某人/某事是……
be recognised as/to be... 被认为是……
recognise...by... 通过……认出
recognise that... 承认/意识到……
I recognised him by his red hair as soon as he came in the room.他一进房间我就从他的红头发认出了他。
Since 1958, they have been recognised as the national theatre of Israel.自1958年，它们被公认为是以色列的国家剧院。
[拓展]
recognisable adj.可识别的；可辨认的
After so many years she was still immediately recognisable．
过了这么多年，还是一眼就能认出她。
It is recognised that...
……是大家认可/承认的。
It is recognised that Jane is the most intelligent girl among us.
大家承认简是我们当中最聪明的女孩。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①At last, her father's work has received popular ________ (recognise).
②The prize goes to Mr Smith in recognition ________ his achievement in the field of medicine.
③With the development of its economy, Tianjin has changed ________ recognition in the last few years.
④The hospital is recognised ________ a centre of excellence in research and teaching.
完成句子
⑤These brands ________________ (已经获得认可) the local market.
⑥________________ (大家一致认为) environment pollution has become one of the most serious problems.
8)gain vt.获得，赢得，取得　vt. & vi.受益；(钟表等)走得快　vt.增加　n．好处；利益)
(教材原句)．..she gained a deep knowledge about traditional practices.……她获得对传统医学的深刻了解。
gain permission/recognition 获得许可/认可
gain entrance/entry/access to sth. 得以进入/接近某物
gain the/one's attention 赢得关注
gain one's respect/trust 获得某人的尊重/信任
gain from... 从……中获益
gain (sth.) from... 从……中获得……
While working in that organisation, I gained a lot of experience.在那个组织工作时，我获得了很多经验。
Her unusual talent gained her worldwide recognition.
她非凡的才能举世公认。
Nothing ventured, nothing gained.
(谚)不入虎穴，焉得虎子。
Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there.
总是寻找一种新的方式在这里或者那里挽回一个小时。
They gained greatly from this experiment.
在这次实验中，他们收获很大。
My watch gains two minutes every 24 hours.
我的手表每24小时快两分钟。
No gain without pain.(谚)不劳则无获。
A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit.
吃一堑，长一智。
[拓展]　gain a reputation获得声望
gain speed加快速度
gain weight增加体重
gain independence赢得独立
gain popularity受欢迎
gain experience获得经验
gain knowledge获得知识
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①These policies have resulted in great ________ (gain) in public health.
②It is sad that a major company should try to gain ________ other people's suffering.
③There is nothing to ________ (gain) from delaying the decision.
写出句中gain的词性及含义
④You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted to your work.____________
⑤He put a lot of money into the firm with the hope of gain in the future.____________
⑥Children who are not active or whose diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.____________
⑦The man gained a lot in the business, but he lost the respect of his friends.____________
9)establish vt.建立，设立，确立；确定，证实)
(教材原句)In 1969, Tu Youyou was chosen to establish a team to find a cure for malaria...1969年，屠呦呦被选中组建一个团队来寻找疟疾的治疗方法……
establish a company 建立公司
establish a new research centre 建立一个新的研究中心
establish a reputation 树立声誉
establish relations/links/contact with sb.
与某人建立关系/联系
establish sb. as/sb. be established as
任命某人担任……
establish oneself in/sb. be established in
某人立足于……；某人定居于……
It has been established that... 已证实……
The school has established a good relationship with the local community.这所学校与当地社区建立了良好的关系。
The police are still trying to establish the cause of the accident.警方仍在努力确定事故的原因。
He established himself as governor of the province.
他受命当这个省的省长。
A new doctor has established himself in this street.
一位新来的医生在这条街上开业了。
It has been established that his injuries were caused by a fall.已经证实他是摔伤的。
established adj. 已确立的，确定的；公认的
establishment n. 机构；团体；建立；创立
get/become established 立足；站稳脚跟
the establishment of ……的建立
How long did it take you to become established in the office？你用了多长时间才在这个办公室站住了脚？
The speaker announced the establishment of a new college.发言人宣布了新学院的成立。,[易混词语比较]
establish和set up都表示“建立，设立(公司、机构)”，但set up不如establish正式，set up是日常英语中的常用短语。
·open开设，开办(向公众提供服务的企业，如商店、餐馆、酒店等)
·found创立(公司、学校、医院等机构，尤指为其提供奖金)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①It is said that the committee ________ (establish) in 1912.
②This unit is now ________ established part of the course.
③Many teachers are now comfortably established ________ their new houses.
④What he did made others laugh at him, which made it hard for him to become ________ (establish) in the organisation.
⑤The next stage is to get the elephant to the training ________ (establish).
⑥________ has been established that the horse was drugged.
完成句子
⑦Mr Smith ______________________ (被任命为) governor of the state.
⑧After graduation, he set up his company and gradually ______________ (树立了声誉).
10)chemical n．化学品(常用复数)　adj.化学的　chemist n．化学家，药剂师)
(教材原句)They tested more than 240，000 chemicals with no success.他们测试了超过24万种化学物质，仍然没有成功。
(1)chemical industry 化学工业
chemical change/reaction 化学变化/反应
agricultural chemicals 农药
the organic chemical 有机化学品
chemical engineering 化学工程
chemical research 化学研究
a chemical element 化学元素
(2)the chemist's shop 药店
Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away.有些植物排出有臭味的化学物质来驱赶昆虫。
The chemical change takes place in paper when it burns.
纸燃烧时会产生化学变化。
A chemist can separate a medicine into its components.
化学家能把一种药物的各种成分分解出来。
[拓展]
chemistry n．化学
The new chemistry lab was paid by sponsors of the college.新的化学实验室是由学院的资助者出钱建的。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The government has called on people to reduce the amount of ________ (chemical) used in food production.
②The ________ (chemistry) industry produces such things as petrochemicals, drugs, and rubber.
③She worked as ________ chemist for the water company.
完成句子
④When ______________________ (一个化学变化) takes place, one or more substances are formed.
11)resource n．(常作复数)物力；资源；财力)
(教材原句)．..the team had limited resources.
……团队资源有限。
(1)mineral resources 矿产资源
natural resources 自然资源
resources for learning 学习资料
develop/waste resources 开发/浪费资源
financial resources 财力
human resources 人力资源
abundant/rich/limited resources
充足的/丰富的/有限的资源
(2)pool one's resources 集中某人的资源
waste resources 浪费资源
In this poor country, some families don't have the resources to feed themselves properly.
在这个贫穷的国家，有些家庭无力维持生活。
We should take full advantage of natural resources.
我们要充分利用自然资源。
[比较]　resource/source
·resource表示抽象概念“资源”，water resources水力资源；
·source表示具体概念“来源”，water sources水源。
[拓展]　a food/an energy source食物/能量来源
a source of income收入来源
the source of the Nile尼罗河的发源地
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①We need to concentrate ________ (resource) on the poorest areas.
②The Internet is often used as ________ resource and as a tool for distance learning.
选词填空：resource/source
③Your local library will be a useful ________ of information.
④There's a great shortage of ________ materials in many schools.
12)staff n．全体职员，员工)
(教材原句)They did not have enough staff, and the laboratory in which they worked had poor air quality.他们没有足够的工作人员，并且他们工作的实验室空气质量很差。
a staff meeting 员工会议
the entire staff 全体员工
staff members 职工
a staff restaurant 职工食堂
medical/teaching staff 全体医务人员/教师
staff development/training 员工培养/培训
Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests, like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke.
工作人员会为客人们举办大量的酒吧活动，比如免费拍照、酒吧巡游和卡拉OK。
[特别提醒]　staff是集体名词，作主语时，谓语动词既可以用单数也可以用复数。
The staff were very good.员工们都很棒。
The staff was seated at last.终于，全体人员都已落座了。
[知识拓展]　
高中阶段常见的集体名词：
family　　家庭
audience 观众
committee 委员会
public 公众
crew 全体人员
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The staff ________ (be) not very happy about the latest pay increase.
②The staff ________ (be) working on final arrangements for the conference.
翻译句子
③该校的教师队伍是优秀的。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
13)eventually adv.最终；终于　eventual adj.最后的，最终的)
(教材原句)However, after hundreds of failed experiments, they eventually came across a promising chemical.
然而，经过数百次失败的实验，他们最终发现了一种有前景的化学物质。
the eventual decision/result/victory最终的决定/结果/胜利
After several attempts, they eventually climbed to the top of the mountain.经过几次尝试，他们最终爬上了山顶。
Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him.
埃勒斯最终成功地把这只动物哄到了他身边。
Tom had forgotten the eventual outcome.
汤姆已经忘了最后的结果。
His foolish behaviour led to his eventual failure.
他的愚蠢行为导致了他最终的失败。
[归纳拓展]　eventually的同义词语常见的有in the end, at last, at length, finally, lastly等
注意：表示列举时，最后一项用finally而不用eventually。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I ________ (eventual) realised I had to change my attitude towards medical work.
②He hated his stepfather and ________ (eventual) ran away from home.
③________ the end, we all decided to organise a concert for Easter.
④He was glad to see his daughter's life ________ last returned to normal.
14)promising adj.大有希望的，有前途的，有出息的)
He was voted the most promising new actor for his part in the movie.他因在该电影中扮演的角色而获评为最有前途的新演员。
promising future 光明的前途
promising young people 后起之秀
[拓展]　promise v. & n．
(1)v.许诺，承诺，答应，保证；使很可能，预示
promise to do sth. 答应做某事
promise sb. sth./promise sth. to sb. 答应把某物给某人
promise to be sth. 有……的希望
promise (sb.)＋that从句 (向某人)许诺……
The college principal promised to look into the matter.
学院院长答应研究这个问题。
He promised his grandchildren the money.
他答应给孙子孙女们这笔钱。
It promises to be an exciting day.这将是令人兴奋的一天。
The brochure promised (that) the local food would be superb.
旅游手册中保证说当地有极佳的美食。
Dropping ears of rice promise another good harvest.
沉甸甸的稻穗预示着又一次丰收。
(2)n.诺言，许诺，承诺；希望
make/keep/break a promise 许下/信守/违背诺言
carry out one's promise 履行诺言
live up to one's promise 信守诺言
She kept her promise to visit her aunt regularly.
她信守诺言，定期去看望姑妈。
He always does his best to live up to his promise and men like that are hard to find.
他总是尽力做到信守承诺，像这样的人很难找到。
[拓展]　a promising career in law
很有前途的法律职业
a promising young actor大有前途的年轻演员
a promising start良好的开端
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①A school has honoured one of its brightest and ________ (promise) former students.
②He promised faithfully ________ (call) me every week.
③Whether YouTube can live up ________ its promise as a big ad platform is uncertain.
④The newspapers described her as a ________ (promise) young singer.
写出句中promise的词性及含义
⑤I should not have believed the promise of the boss.____________
⑥There were dark clouds overhead promising rain.____________
⑦You show promise as a musician but your lack of practice is keeping you back.____________
完成句子
⑧Whatever reasons you may have, you should ________________ (履行诺言).
⑨The government failed to ________________ (信守承诺) of lower taxes.
15)despite prep.尽管；虽然(＝in spite of))
(教材原句)Today Tu Youyou continues to conduct research despite her age.如今，虽然年事已高，屠呦呦仍然继续做研究。
despite the fact that... 尽管……
despite this 尽管如此
Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.尽管疼痛，我坚持走了一会儿，然后又跑了起来。
Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is reluctant to invest in sufficient training for his staff.尽管酒店的服务很差，经理还是不愿意花钱为员工提供足够的培训。
[误区警示]
despite, in spite of是介词(短语)，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能用that引导从句，但可以用(1)despite/in spite of the fact(尽管事实是……)＋that同位语从句；(2)in spite of/despite＋what从句(√)。
Despite being ill, she works hard and succeeds in the scientific research field.
尽管生病了，但是她还是勤奋工作并在科研领域取得了成功。
Despite what you see in the movies, bats almost never drink human blood.不管你在电影里看到了什么，蝙蝠几乎从不喝人血。
She was good at physics despite the fact that she found it boring.尽管她认为物理枯燥无味，她却学得很好。
[拓展]
despite our best efforts
尽管我们尽了最大努力
despite applying for hundreds of jobs
尽管申请了数百个工作
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Despite ________ happened in the past I want her to know I am there for her.
②Joe is a good basketball player despite ________ (be) short and stout.
③They went swimming in spite ________ all the danger signs.
同义句转换
④In spite of what he said, I think he's still in love with you.
→________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________(despite)
16)wisdom n．知识，学问；智慧；至理名言)
(教材原句)．..we learnt the wisdom behind both Chinese and Western medicine.……我们学到了中医和西医背后的智慧。
collective wisdom 集体智慧
a man of wisdom 有智慧的人
a woman of great wisdom 才女
goddess of wisdom 智慧女神
words of wisdom 至理名言
an example of bravery and wisdom 一个智勇双全的榜样
That's good wisdom which is wisdom in the end.
最后的聪慧才算真聪慧。
Experience is the father of wisdom and memory the mother.经验是智慧之父，记忆是智慧之母。
It is wrong to think that all wisdom is contained in books.认为一切学问都包含在书里的想法是错误的。
wise adj. 智慧的，明智的
wisely adv. 明智地；精明地
Life makes a wise man smile and a foolish man cry.
生活让智者微笑，让愚者哭泣。
It was very wise of you to leave then.
你那时离开非常明智。
He wisely decided to tell the truth.
他明智地决定实话实说。
[拓展]　a wise old man智叟
a wise decision/move/choice
明智的决定/明智的举动/明智的选择
It is wise of sb. to do sth.
某人做某事是明智的
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I certainly hope to gain a little ________ (wise) as I grow older.
②I'm older and ________ (wise) after ten years in the business.
③The three of us stood around the machine nodding ________ (wise).
完成句子
④Before I went off to university my father gave me a few ________________ (至理名言).
⑤____________________ (你是明智的) to buy car insurance for your new car.
第二版块|重要短语
1)apart from...除……之外(别无)；除……之外(尚有))
I've finished apart from the last question.
除了最后一道题外，我全做完了。
Apart from their house in London, they also have a villa in Spain.他们在伦敦有一座房子，此外，在西班牙还有一座别墅。
[误区警示]　
(1)apart from＝aside from＝except for(先说整体，再修正局部)除去……之外
Everything is wonderful apart from/aside from/except for the terrible food.除了糟糕的食物之外，一切都很好。
(2)apart from＝aside from＝besides＝in addition to＝as well as(表示包含在内的)除……之外，还有……
Apart from/Aside from/Besides/In addition to/As well as Chinese, he can also speak French fluently.
除了中文外，他还能说流利的法语。
(3)except＝but(不包括在内的)除……之外
All the boys except Jackson are playing football on the playground.除了杰克逊以外，所有的男孩都在操场上踢足球。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Apart ________ the salary, it's not a bad job.
②Apart from ________ (help) the homeless, the organisation also collects money for protecting wild animals.
③The room was empty aside ________ one man seated beside the fire.
④Everything is quiet, except ________ some barks from far away.
⑤In addition ________ the killed and wounded, many were missing.
⑥She is a talented musician as well ________ being a photographer.
2)come across 偶然发现；偶遇；被理解)
It was at the airport that I came across one of my university classmates.我是在机场偶然遇见了我的一位大学同学。
He spoke for a long time, but his meaning did not come across.他讲了很久，但他的意思还是没有被理解。
come about 发生
come up to 达到(标准等)；比得上
come to 总共；达到；(想法或念头)在……的头脑里冒出
come out 出版；出现；结果是
come along 出现；一起来
come back 回来；再度流行
come up 走近，靠近；被提及，被讨论
come up with 想出，想到(主意、答案)
come over 来访，拜访
How did the problem come about in the first place
当初这个问题是怎么产生的？
It came out that he had been telling lies.
后来才知道他一直在说谎。
When the right opportunity comes along, she'll take it.
适当的机会来临时，她会抓住的。
Long hair for men seems to be coming back.
男子留长发好像又在流行了。
What points came up at the meeting
会上讨论了一些什么问题？
[归纳拓展]　表示“偶遇”的短语：run across, meet with, run into, meet... by chance等。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①When reading articles related to science, we often come ________ difficult or unfamiliar words.
②The flood came ________ as a result of the heavy rain.
③Suddenly the answer came ________ me in a flash.
④It came ________ that some government officials received money from that company.
⑤Are you sure you really want all our friends to come ________？
⑥Long skirts have been out of fashion for a long time, but they are coming ________.
⑦Our class came up ________ the idea to make better use of used materials.
3)with the help of在……的帮助下)
We broke open the lock with the help of a hammer.
我们用锤子把锁砸开了。
With the help of my deskmate, I made great progress in English.在我同桌的帮助下，我的英语取得了很大进步。
其它表述“在……帮助下”短语
with the assistance of 在……的帮助下
with the aid of... 在……帮助下
She is now able to get around with the aid of a walking stick.她现在能拄着拐杖走路了。
The work was completed with the assistance of local carpenters.这项工作在当地木匠的帮助下得以完成。
[注意]　“在……指导下”和“在……领导下”短语不能用介词with，而要用介词under：
Under the guidance of my teacher, I find the song easy to learn.在老师的指导下，我发现这首歌很容易学。
Under the leadership of the Party, our country has made great progress in every line.
在党的领导下，我国在各行各业都取得了巨大进步。
[归纳拓展]　be of little help没有多大帮助
be of great help＝be very helpful非常有帮助
ask for help请求帮助
need help需要帮助
seek help寻求帮助
help(...) out帮助(……)摆脱困境/渡过难关
come to one's help来帮某人的忙
help oneself to自用；自取
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①________ the help of my family, I achieved my goal of setting up a company of my own.
②________ the aid of this machine, we finished harvesting all the wheat in the field.
③We arrived at the destination finally ________ the assistance of the young driver.
④________ the guidance of the professor I succeeded in doing the experiment.
⑤We got the first place in the contest ________ the leadership of our class director.
⑥A good neighbor is also one who likes to help ________ in small ways.
⑦I didn't mean to eat anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn't help ________ (try) it.
⑧Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself ________ a snack.
第三版块|疑难句型
1)that引导的同位语从句)
(教材原句)However, Tu Youyou had an idea that Chinese herbs might hold the secret.
然而，屠呦呦认为中草药可能会起作用。
[句式分析]　某些抽象名词如fact, idea, doubt, order, hope, news, promise, truth, conclusion, wish, opinion, happiness等的后面，可以接同位语从句，解释该抽象名词的具体内容。
that在同位语从句中不作句子成分，没有实际意义，但不能省略，也不能用which替代。
The idea that I was “not athletic” stuck with me for years.多年来，我“不擅长运动”的想法一直困扰着我。
He asked me the question whether the work was worth doing.他问我那项工作是否值得做。
[说明]　(1)that引导的同位语从句所修饰的常见抽象名词有ability, idea, belief, doubt, evidence, fact, fear, hope, news, proposal, possibility, promise, suggestion, situation, thought, theory, truth, word (消息), order等。
There is no possibility that Bob can win first prize in the match.鲍勃是不可能在这场比赛中获得第一名的。
(2)that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别
that引导同位语从句，解释说明一些抽象名词的具体内容。that在同位语从句中不作成分，没有意义，但是不能省略。
that引导定语从句，对先行词加以限定，描述其性质或特征。that在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可以省略。
The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.(定语从句)他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。
They made the request that the problem (should) be discussed as soon as possible.(同位语从句)
他们要求尽快讨论这个问题。
[误区警示]　(1)that引导的同位语从句解释说明表示“建议、命令和要求”的名词suggestion, advice, command, demand, order, proposal, request, requirement等时，从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语要用“(should＋) do”形式。
He agreed with my suggestion that we (should) change the date.他同意我提出的我们更改日期的建议。
(2)分隔式同位语从句
有时同位语从句不是紧跟在它所解释说明的名词后，而是被别的成分隔开，形成分隔式同位语从句。
Word came that the sports meeting had been put off.
消息传来说，运动会推迟了。
[注意]　如果同位语从句中意义和句子成分均完整，则用that引导；如果同位语从句意义不完整，则根据从句表达的意义选取相应的连词：whether是否(if不能引导同位语从句)；who谁；what什么；which哪一个；when何时；where何地；why为何；how如何。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The news ________ our team has won the game is really encouraging.
②There is much chance ________ Bill will recover from his injury for the race.
③She made a good suggestion ________ would be of benefit to the classmates, so we adopted it.
④The advice that he ________ (invite) to the party was taken.
⑤You should keep the promise ________ you made.
⑥What motivated me was the promise ________ one day my dreams would come true.
判断下列句中含有哪种从句
⑦There is no doubt that Zhang Wei will keep his promise.________
⑧The report that will be given tomorrow is important to us.________
⑨The thought came to her that maybe she left the door open when she left home.________
⑩His father works in a factory that makes radio parts.________
2)not only... but also...不但……而且……)
(教材原句)．.. Tu Youyou said, “This is not only an honour for myself, but also recognition of and encouragement for all scientists in China.”……屠呦呦说：“这不仅是授予我个人的荣誉，也是对全体中国科学家的认可和鼓励。”
[句式分析]　not only... but also...是并列连词，连接两个对等的成分，如主语、谓语、宾语、表语、状语等，还可连接两个分句。
not only... but also...连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致原则”。
not only... but also...连接两个分句，且not only位于句首时，not only分句要用部分倒装，but also分句不倒装。
Not only do the teachers have their own ideas on the matter, but the students have theirs too.对于这件事，不仅老师们有自己的看法，学生们也有自己的想法。
but和also有时可省略其中一个，或将also换为too, as well(位于句末)。
There, he not only did well as a student but also became an accomplished public speaker.在那里，他不仅作为一个学生做得很好，而且成了一个才华横溢的演说家。
As we all expect, the film will be not only meaningful but also interesting.正如我们大家所期望的那样，这部电影将不仅是有意义的，而且也是有趣的。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Not only you but also Judy ________ (be) to blame for this accident.
②Not only my parents but also I ________ (be) fond of music.
③Not only ________ the prices ______ (increase), but their wages ________ (raise) as well.
完成句子
④I can speak ________________ English ________________ French(不但……而且……).
⑤________________ can I speak English ________________ French(不但……而且……).
⑥________________ can I speak English but French ________________(不但……而且……).
3)whose引导定语从句)
(教材原句)Even though Tu Youyou is not interested in fame, she has become a scientist whose work is internationally renowned.尽管屠呦呦对声名不感兴趣，但她已成为一名国际知名的科学家。
[句式分析]　whose引导定语从句，先行词既可以指人也可以指物。
·先行词指人时，whose＋名词＝the＋名词＋of whom＝of whom＋the＋名词
·先行词指物时，whose＋名词＝the＋名词＋of which＝of which＋the＋名词
例如：(1)We rushed over to help the man，
那个人的车坏了，我们跑过去帮忙。
(2)He lives in a house
他住在一栋窗户朝向大海的房子里。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Kate, ________ sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.
②My eldest son, ________ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.
③You're the only one ________ advice he might listen to.
④I'd like a room ________ window looks out over the sea.
一句多译(完成句子)
⑤当心！不要太靠近那座建筑物，它的墙正在被粉刷。
Watch out! Don't get too close to the building __________________________ walls are being painted.
⑥Watch out! Don't get too close to the building __________________________ are being painted.
⑦Watch out! Don't get too close to the building __________________________ are being painted.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I've read all the available ________ (文献资料) on keeping rabbits.
2．The result is interesting and different, but do not attempt the ________ (食谱) if time is short.
3．We do not have the ________ (资源) to update our computer software.
4．He was responsible for hiring and firing ________ (员工).
5．Our monitor gains ________ (名声) for being generous with his money to help others.
6．The ________ (委员会) has decided to set the stage for it.
7．It's my great ________ (荣誉) to attend the award ceremony today.
8．He received the award in ________ (赞扬) of his success over the past years.
9．We need to ________ (建立) a legal framework for the protection of the ecology.
10．This ________ (化学品) has a wide range of industrial uses.
11．Her voice was shaking ________ (尽管) all her efforts to control it.
12．There is only one thing that people can't take away from you, and that is your ________ (智慧)!
13．It was the first time that Jane and I had been ________ (分开) for more than a week.
14．The ________ (药物) will be useful to millions of infected people.
15．A high percentage of the ________ (女性) staff are part－time workers.
16．The way children talk about or express their feelings depends on their age and ________ (阶段) of development.
17．He was ________ (给予) ￡50，000 in damages.
Ⅱ.短语填空
apart from, stage by stage, one by one, lead to, hundreds of，with the help of
1．There are ________________ poisonous insects.
2．Officials must often count up the votes ________________， going through every ballot and recording the vote.
3．He was standing a bit ________________ the rest of the explorers, watching us.
4．The admirable police are building up a picture of the incident ________________．
5．Failing to keep the chemical at the right temperature could ________________ an explosion.
6．________________ our teacher, we are sure to be admitted by a famous university.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
A
1．When sober, he can come ________ as an extremely pleasant and charming young man.
2．Additionally, we select our teachers ________ their engaging personalities.
3．These programs will integrate ________ your existing software.
4．Eventually, he was honoured with an award along ________ his mentor.
5．________ (eventual) your child will leave home to lead her own life as a fully independent adult.
6．I want to thank the nurses, men and women, ________ care has been so surprising.
7．There is nothing to be gained ________ delaying the remarkable decision.
8．We must make the most of the available financial ________ (resource).
B
1．[重庆卷]Apart ________ an occasional noise from the elephant's stomach, the forest was silent.
2．[新高考全国Ⅰ卷]However, the majority of people are ________ (effect) speakers because they train to be.
3．[江苏卷]Wilson received several international ________ (award) for his great contributions.
4．[2020·天津二考]—Next time you visit Bob, remember to give him a call ________ advance.
—Good point. I will.
5．[2021·浙江二考]He explained our basic task, the tractor fired up and we were off, riding down the field looking for weeds to spray with ________(chemical).
6．[2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural ________ (resource) wisely.
7．[江苏卷]Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to a waste of ________ (limit) resources.
8．[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and ________ (eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
9．[全国Ⅱ卷]However, the railway quickly proved to be ________ great success and within six months, more than 25，000 people were using it every day.
10．[2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]Judges will choose up to 50 ________ (honour) mention winners, who will each receive a T－shirt in memory of Earhart's final flight.
11．[浙江一考]I ________ (gain) five pounds since I arrived.
12．[江苏卷]The purchase price could also be a signal that an ________ (establish) company is buying a newborn threat.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．你的索赔应当能成功，假如这样的话，损害赔偿金将会相当可观。
Your claim ought to succeed, ________________ the damages will be quite substantial.
2．他比我年纪大这一事实无关紧要。
__________________________ he's older than me is irrelevant.
3．我看见一个人正冲着一个司机大喊，那个司机的车堵住了街道。
I saw a man shouting at a driver ________ car was blocking the street.
4．邻居们借助一把梯子把孩子们从大火中救了出来。
__________________________ a ladder, neighbours were able to rescue the children from the blaze.
5．她不仅会说西班牙语，还精通计算机软件。
________________ can she speak Spanish, she's ________ good at computer software.
Section B　Lesson 1　A Medical Pioneer
新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．award　2.gain　3.mosquito　4.stage　5.despite　6.staff
7．herb　8.recipe　9.resource　10.drug
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．limited　2.eventually　3.promising　4.famous　5.wisdom
6．advanced　7.integration　8.effective　9.honourable
10．recognition　11.academic
Ⅲ.重点短语
A
1．传染病　2.除……之外　3.有效的治疗方法　4.抗……疫苗　5.医学研究员　6.因……而被授予……　7.新药的开发
8．赞扬和鼓励　9.对……有深刻了解　10.组建一个团队　11.一个接一个，逐一　12.有限的资源　13.空气质量
14．偶然发现；偶遇　15.完全融合
B
1．millions of　2.medical literature　3.traditional Chinese medicine　4.traditional recipes　5.use modern research methods　6.volunteer to be...　7.be ready to do...　8.the world's most effective drug　9.be interested in fame　10.be internationally renowned　11.during a difficult time　12.the ability to do sth.　13.achieve one's goal　14.great potential for future advances　15.a female scientist
课文研析·语篇理解
Ⅱ.课文阅读理解
1．C　2.A　3.B　4.C
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
1．to be awarded　2.effective　3.have saved　4.thanking
5．recognition　6.a　7.that　8.eventually　9.was selected　10.Despite
核心探究·讲练互动
第一版块|核心单词
1．①was falling apart　②set him apart from　③tell my pills apart　④about two blocks apart　⑤tore the cooked chicken apart
2．①most effective　②effective　③against　④effectively
⑤in　⑥into　⑦on
3．①on　②At　③by　④for　⑤that/which　⑥where it is willing to talk to almost anyone
4．①an　②to　③was awarded　④for　⑤awards　⑥prizes
⑦reward　⑧award
5．①is/are　②were　③are　④are　⑤set up the committee
⑥The whole family are watching TV.
6．①an　②being chosen　③it　④in　⑤of　⑥with　⑦for　⑧honoured　⑨been honoured for　⑩show honour to
7．①recognition　②of　③beyond　④as　⑤have already gained recognition of　⑥It is recognised that
8．①gains　②from　③be gained　④动词，获得　⑤名词，利润　⑥动词，增加　⑦动词，受益
9．①was established　②an　③in　④established　
⑤establishment　⑥It　⑦was established as
⑧established a reputation
10．①chemicals　②chemical　③a　④a chemical change
11．①resources　②a　③source　④resource
12．①are　②is　③The school's teaching staff is/are excellent.
13．①eventually　②eventually　③In　④at
14．①most promising　②to call　③to　④promising　⑤名词，承诺　⑥动词，预示　⑦名词，希望　⑧carry out your promise　⑨keep its promise/live up to its promise
15．①what　②being　③of　④Despite what he said, I think he's still in love with you.
16．①wisdom　②wiser　③wisely　④words of wisdom　⑤It is wise of you
第二版块|重要短语
1．①from　②helping　③from　④for　⑤to　⑥as
2．①across　②about　③to　④out　⑤along　⑥back　⑦with
3．①With　②With　③with　④Under　⑤under　⑥out
⑦trying　⑧to
第三版块|疑难句型
1．①that　②that　③that/which　④(should) be invited
⑤that/which/不填　⑥that　⑦同位语从句　⑧定语从句
⑨同位语从句　⑩定语从句
2．①is　②am　③did; increase; were raised　④not only; but also　⑤Not only; but also　⑥Not only; as well
3．①whose　②whose　③whose　④whose　⑤whose　⑥the walls of which　⑦of which the walls
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．literature　2.recipe　3.resources　4.staff　5.fame
6．committee　7.honour　8.recognition　9.establish
10．chemical　11.despite　12.wisdom　13.apart　14.drug　15.female　16.stage　17.awarded
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．hundreds of　2.one by one　3.apart from　4.stage by stage　5.lead to　6.With the help of
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
A
1．across　2.for　3.into/with　4.with　5.Eventually
6．whose　7.from　8.resources
B
1．答案与解析：from　句意：除了(apart from)大象肚子里偶尔发出的声音，森林里一片寂静。
2．答案与解析：effective　用形容词作定语。句意：然而，大多数人之所以能成为有效的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。
3．答案与解析：awards　several后用名词的复数形式。句意：威尔逊因其巨大的贡献获得了几项国际奖。
4．答案与解析：in　in advance提前。句意：“下次你去拜访鲍勃的时候，记得提前给他打个电话。”“好主意。我会的。”
5．答案与解析：chemicals　chemical当“化学品”讲是可数名词。句意：他解释了我们的基本任务，拖拉机发动起来，我们就出发了，沿着田野寻找可以喷洒化学药剂的杂草。
6．答案与解析：resources　resource当“资源”讲时，是可数名词。句意：印第安人明智地保护了这些宝贵的自然资源。
7．答案与解析：limited　句意：对新技术影响的误判会导致有限资源的浪费。
8．答案与解析：eventually　动词由副词来修饰。句意：大熊猫国家公园的主要目标是改善大熊猫种群和大熊猫家园之间的连通性，最终使其达到预期的野生种群水平。
9．答案与解析：a　success此处是抽象名词具体化的用法，表示“一件成功的事”。句意：然而，这条铁路很快被证明是一个巨大的成功，在6个月内，每天有超过25 000人使用它。
10．答案与解析：honourable　用形容词作定语。句意：评委们将选出多达50名获奖者，每人将获得一件纪念埃尔哈特最后一次飞行的T恤衫。
11．答案与解析：have gained　根据时间状语从句since I arrived可知，主句用现在完成时。
12．答案与解析：established　此处用过去分词作定语，修饰company。that引导名词signal的同位语从句。
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．in which case　2.The fact that　3.whose　4.With the help of　5.Not only, also(共92张PPT)
Section C　Lesson 2　History Makers
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．____________ n. & vi. & vt. 抗议；反对
2．____________ n. 示威游行，抗议游行
v. 示威游行，抗议游行；行进；齐步走
3．____________ n. 铁栅；(门、窗等的)闩
4．____________ n. 皮肤
5．____________ n. 目击者；证人；证据；证言；证明
vt. 目击，以……作证
protest　
march　
bar　
skin　
witness
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．dependence n．依靠，依赖→__________ n．独立→__________ adj.独立的，自主的
2．peace n．和平→________ adj.和平的，没有暴力的；安静的；爱好和平的
3．race n．种族；人种→________ adj.种族的；人种的
4．inspire v．鼓舞，激励→________ adj.鼓舞人心的
5．impress v．使铭记；给……留下深刻印象→________ adj.令人钦佩的，给人印象深刻的
independence
independent　
peaceful　
racial
inspiring　
impressive　
6．respect vt. & n．尊敬；敬佩→________ adj.表示敬意的；尊敬的
7．judge vi. & vt.评价；判断→________ n．判断力；判决
8．evident adj.显而易见的；显然的→________ adj.不证自明的；显而易见的
9．discriminate v．歧视→__________ n．歧视
respectful　
judgement
self-evident
discrimination
Ⅲ.重点短语(英汉互译)
A 写出下列短语的汉意
1．pick out ________________
2．organise peaceful protests ________________
3．suffer racial discrimination ________________
4．a famous and inspiring speech ________________
5．be put behind bars ________________
6．the other day ________________
7．the information on the Internet ________________
8．make a short presentation ________________
挑选；辨认出
组织和平抗议
遭受种族歧视
著名而鼓舞人心的演讲
被关进监狱
不久前某一天
网上的信息
作一个简短的介绍
B 写出下列汉语所对应的英语短语
1．_______________________ 为平等权利和正义而斗争
2．_________________________ 获得诺贝尔和平奖
3．________________ 真遗憾！
4．________________ 毫无疑问……
5．________________________ 成为独立国家

fight for equal rights and justice
win/receive the Nobel Peace Prize
What a shame！
there's no doubt that...
become an independent country
第一版块|核心单词
1)independence n．独立(→dependence n．依靠，依赖　dependent adj.依靠的，依赖的；depend v．依靠；依赖；由……决定，取决于)
(教材原句)He led his country to independence from British rule.他领导他的国家脱离英国统治而独立。
gain/attain/win independence (from...)
(脱离……)获得独立
national independence 民族独立
full/complete independence 完全独立
political/economic independence 政治的/经济的独立
lose one's independance 失去自己的独立性
The Declaration of Independence
《独立宣言》
India won its independence from England in 1947.
印度于1947年脱离英国而独立。
He was afraid of losing his independence.
他害怕失去自己的独立性。
be dependent on 依靠，依赖于
dependence on/upon 对……的依赖
depend on/upon 取决于；依靠
depend on/upon sb. to do sth. 依靠某人做某事
It/That (all) depends.那得视情况而定。
He is now independent of his parents.
他现在不依靠他父母了。
You can't be dependent on your parents all your life.
你不可能一辈子靠父母生活。
He was the sort of person you could depend on.
他是那种你可以信赖的人。
I always placed a lot of dependence on what she says.
我总是对她所说的话有很大的信赖。
He knew he could depend upon her to deal with the situation.他知道可以依靠她来应付这种局面。
[词性比较]　
[动]depend on
[形]dependent on→independent of
[名]dependence on→independence from
[拓展]　
independent adj.独立的，自主的
be/become independent of
独立于……，不受……支配
independently adv.独立地
Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion unless he wants their support.汤姆很独立，除非他想得到父母的支持，否则他从不征求父母的意见。
He lives in a small apartment independently.他独自住在一所小公寓里。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①A good teacher encourages ____________ (independent) of thought.
②The United States gained its independence ________ England in the American Revolutionary War.
③Too much ___________ (dependent) on the teachers risks loss of motivation to discover.
④The cooking time needed depends ________ the size of the potato.
⑤Going away to college has made me much _________________ (independent).
⑥It was important to me to be financially independent ________ my parents.
independence
from　
dependence
on/upon
more independent
of
2)peaceful adj.和平的，没有暴力的；安静的，平静的；和睦的
(教材原句)He organised peaceful protests.
他组织了和平抗议。
a peaceful society 和谐的社会
a peaceful atmosphere/evening 宁静的气氛/夜晚
a peaceful protest/demonstration/solution
和平抗议/示威/解决办法
have a peaceful life 过着平静的生活
The aims of the organisation are wholly peaceful.
这个组织的宗旨是追求完全地和平。
Evening in the country is a very peaceful time.
乡村里的傍晚是平静安谧的时刻。
The villagers have a peaceful life.村民们过着平静的生活。
We must try to find a peaceful solution to the conflict.
我们必须努力寻找和平解决冲突的方法。

at peace 处于和平/平静状态
at war 处于交战之中
After years of war, the people long for a lasting peace.
历经多年战乱之后，人民渴望永久和平。
The two communities live together in peace.
这两个社区和平相处。
Then they find a way to make peace with each other.
然后他们找到了与对方和解的方法。
[拓展]　
(1)peacefully adv.和平地，平静地
Her son was lying peacefully on his back.
她的儿子正安静地仰面躺着。
(2)peace n．和平；平静，安宁，安静，清静；和睦，和谐
in peace和平地，安宁地
make (one's) peace with同……言归于好；与……和解
peace of mind内心的宁静
world peace世界和平
war and peace战争与和平
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He has attempted to find a ________ (peace) solution to the Ossetian conflict.
②A lion was sleeping ________ (peace) in the forest when a mouse ran across his paw.
③Though she is in great trouble, her mind is ________ peace.
④It is a great relief to see that people in the border areas are living ________ peace now.
peaceful　
peacefully　
at
in
3)protest n. & vi. & vt.抗议，反对　vt.坚决表示，申辩(→protester n．反对者；抗议者)
make a protest/protests at/against 对……做出抗议
in protest at/against... 抗议……
without protest 心甘情愿地；一声不吭地
under protest 无奈地；不服气地；不甘心地
protest(s) from 来自……的抗议
do sth. under protest 表示不满后勉强做某事
hold a protest 举行抗议
lead to protests 导致抗议
a violent protest 强烈抗议
a mass protest 大规模抗议
protest at/against/about/over 就……抗议
He hoped to achieve his goal by making peaceful protests.他希望通过和平抗议实现自己的目标。
The director resigned in protest at the decision.
主任辞职以示抗议这项决定。
The announcement led to widespread public protests.
这一通告引发了广泛的公众抗议。
She accepted the charge without protest.
她一声不吭地接受了指控。
Mr Lee protested the action in a telephone call to the president.李先生在打给总统的电话里反对这次行动。
The local people took to the streets to protest against the decision.当地的人们走上街头，抗议这项决定。
He protested that the journey was too far by car.
他坚持说路途太远，不宜开汽车去。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①People who would be affected by the proposed changes made ________ protest last week.
②All local farmers protested ________ building the new airport on their farmland.
③She wrote a letter of apology but only ________ protest.
④We cannot pass this matter by ________ protest.
⑤I turned off the TV, despite loud protests ________ the kids.
a
against
under
without
from
完成句子
⑥Conservation groups have united ______________ (抗议) the planned new road.
⑦Groups of women took to the streets to ____________________(抗议) the regulations.
in protest at/against
protest at/against/about/over
4)discrimination n．歧视；识别力，辨别力
(教材原句)He suffered racial discrimination in South Africa.他在南非受到了种族歧视。
without discrimination 无歧视
discrimination against 对……的歧视
age/racial/sexual discrimination 年龄/种族/性别歧视
learn discrimination between right and wrong 学会分辨是非
make discriminations between...and... 在……和……间做判别
have the discrimination between...and... 能分辨……
show discrimination in doing sth. 在做……方面显示出识别能力
have the discrimination in doing sth. 在……方面有鉴别力
We should not have racial discrimination.
我们不该有种族歧视。
They heard shocking stories of discrimination against women.他们听到了关于歧视妇女的骇人听闻的事。
He has the discrimination in making friends.
在交友方面他有辨别力。
Young children find it difficult to make fine discriminations between right and wrong.小孩子们发现很难分辨是非。
She showed great discrimination in rejecting the poor quality teas.她在剔除劣质茶方面显示出高超的鉴别力。
A teacher must not discriminate between pupils.
老师对学生应当一视同仁。
The law does not discriminate against the poor in favour of the rich.法律绝不歧视穷人而偏袒富人。
The boy is too young to discriminate good books from bad ones.这个男孩太小，分不清好书和坏书。
You must learn to discriminate between facts and opinions.你必须学会把事实和看法区分出来。
[拓展]　
discriminate vt. & vi. 区分；辨别
discriminate against歧视……
discriminate...from...将……与……区别开
discriminate between... and...区别……和……
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①There was a widespread discrimination ________ older people in the job market.
②They knew that ____________ (discriminate) was going on, but chose to ignore it.
③People should not _____________ (discriminate) against.
④They cooked without skill and ate ________ discrimination.
⑤It is unfair to discriminate ________ black people and white people.
完成句子
⑥He ________________________ (颇具慧眼) his choice of friends.
⑦Laws are needed which do not ____________________ (歧视任何人).
against　
discrimination
be discriminated
without
between
showed great discrimination in
discriminate against anyone
5)inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的(→inspired adj.卓越的；有灵感的　inspire v．激励，鼓舞；给……灵感　inspiration n．灵感；鼓舞人心的人或事)
(教材原句)He gave a famous and inspiring speech with the words “I have a dream”．他用“我有一个梦想”这句话做了一次著名而鼓舞人心的演讲。
(1)an inspiring teacher 启发能力强的教师
inspiring news/music 鼓舞人心的消息/音乐
an inspired boy 受到鼓舞的男孩
an inspired leader 卓越的领导人
an inspired performance 优秀的表演
(2)inspire sb. to do sth. 鼓舞某人做某事
inspire sb. with sth. 用……激励某人；使某人产生某种情感
inspire sth. in sb. 激起某人某种情感
(3)draw inspiration from 从……中得到灵感
a flash of inspiration 灵机一动
a source of inspiration 灵感的来源
His speech was inspiring and touched my heart.
他的发言鼓舞人心，感人肺腑。
The company is aggressive and inspired.
该公司雄心勃勃，富于创新精神。
The choice he made was inspired by a trip to Hefei.
他做的这个选择是从一次合肥之行中得到的启发。
The memory of his mother inspired him to write his greatest poetry.
他对母亲的怀念给了他灵感，从而创作出他最伟大的诗篇。
The actors inspired the kids with their enthusiasm.
演员以热情鼓舞着孩子们。
Dreams can be a rich source of inspiration for an artist.
梦境可以是艺术家灵感的丰富源泉。
He is a generous man, and an inspiration to all of us.
他是一个大方的人，对我们所有的人是一种鼓舞。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①She was a very strong, impressive character and one of the _________ (inspire) people I've ever met.
②The other day after I posted my speech, I apparently felt ________ (inspire) by my own words.
③Our challenge is to motivate those voters and inspire them ________ (join) our cause.
④His best music __________ (inspire) by the memory of his mother.
⑤The answer came to her in a flash of ________ (inspire).
most inspiring
inspired
to join
was inspired
inspiration
⑥Powell's unusual journey to high office is ________ inspiration to millions.
⑦I am one of the countless millions who drew inspiration ________ Nelson Mandela's life.
⑧Her work didn't exactly inspire me ________ confidence.
⑨Leslie Nielsen's devotion to acting is wonderfully ________ (inspire).
an
from
with
inspiring
6)bar n．铁栅；(门、窗等的)闩，条，杆，棒，块；酒吧；柜台；障碍，羁绊　vt.阻拦，禁止
(教材原句)He was put behind bars many times.
他多次被关进监狱。
(1)behind bars (n.) 在牢里
put sb. in bars 把某人关进监狱
bar (vt.) sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事
bar (vt.) doing sth. 禁止做某事
(2)candy bars 糖棒
a bar of chocolate/soap 一条巧克力/一块肥皂
a coffee/snack/wine bar 咖啡馆/小吃店/酒吧
All the ground floor windows were fitted with bars.
一楼所有的窗户都装了铁栅。
I went to the store for a candy bar and two bars of soap.
我到商店买了一个糖棒和两块肥皂。
The murderer is now safely behind bars.
那个杀人犯现在被关在监狱里， 不会再造成危险了。
It was so crowded that I couldn't get to the bar.
人太多了，我无法挤到柜台那儿。
Poor health may be a bar to success in life.
健康欠佳可能成为人生中取得成功的障碍。
Soldiers barred the way and we couldn't go any farther.
士兵挡住了路，我们不能再往前走。
My mother barred smoking at the dinner table.
我母亲禁止(我们)吃饭时抽烟。
Nothing could bar them from meeting each other.
什么也不能阻止他们见面。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He was caught by the police and ended up ________ bars.
②After the bombing, the whole area ________ (bar) to the public.
③He has been barred ________ playing for two weeks because of bad behaviour.
写出句中bar的词性及含义
④After the member was caught cheating, he was barred from the club.____________
⑤At that time being a woman was a bar to promotion in most professions.____________
⑥There were bars across the windows of the prison.____________
behind
was barred
from
动词，阻拦，禁止
名词，阻碍　
名词，铁栅
完成句子
⑦The member voted to ___________________ (不让妇女加入该俱乐部).
⑧_______________ (一条巧克力) is enough to stop his crying.
bar women from the club
A bar of chocolate
7)further adj.更多的，进一步　adv.更远地；进一步地　vt.促进；推动；增进
(教材原句)And King organised further protests in the 1960s, right？并且金在20世纪60年代组织了更多的抗议活动，对吧？
(1)further information 更多信息
further development 进一步发展
further education 进修，继续教育
further instructions 进一步的指示
further study 进一步研究；深造
take further action 采取进一步行动
go further 进一步说
(2)study further 进修
(3)further understanding 进一步了解
further the development of economy
促进经济的发展
further one's career 促进某人的事业
further the friendship between A and B
增进A和B两者之间的友谊
For further details call this number.
欲知详情，拨打这个号码。
We had walked further than I had realised.
在我不知不觉中我们已走得很远。
The police decided to investigate further.
警方决定做进一步调查。
With our efforts, ten young boys and girls will now be able to further their education.在我们的努力下，10名男孩和女孩现在将能够继续接受教育。
She took the new job to further her career.
她接受了这个新工作以进一步发展她的事业。

[比较]　further/farther
两者都是far的比较级，但是further除表示“更远”之外，主要是表达程度上更进一步；farther是far的另一个比较级，主要是指距离上更远。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①They watered down the soup to make it go ________ (far).
②I have to travel ________ (far) to work now.
写出句中further的词性及含义
③He dedicated his life to furthering the cause of world peace.____________
④I would go even further and suggest that the entire club is in a mess.____________
⑤There'll be a further performance of the play next week.____________
完成句子
⑥The local government will ______________ (采取进一步措施) to prevent the disease from spreading to other parts.
further
farther
动词，促进
副词，进一步地
形容词，更多的
take further action
8)march n．示威游行，抗议游行；行进，行军　v．(使)行进　marcher n．游行示威者
(教材原句)In 1963, he organised a march to Washington, D.C....1963年，他组织了一次前往华盛顿的游行……
(1)n.示威游行，抗议游行；行军，行进
go on a march 进行示威游行
(be) on the march 在行进中；在行军中
Long March 长征
protest/peace marches 抗议/和平示威游行
Organisers expect up to 300，000 protesters to join the march.组织者预计多达30万的抗议者参加这次游行。
The army began their long march to the coast in March.
军队在三月开始了他们开往沿海地区的长途行军。
Although we were tired, we were still on the march.
虽然我们都很累了，但我们依旧在行进。
(2)vi.示威游行；行军，行进
march on (继续)向前进，向……行进
march out of... 走出……
march into 长驱直入
march in step 齐步走
They marched 20 miles to reach the capital.
他们行进了20英里才到达首都。
Time marches on and we still have not made a decision.
时间过得飞快，而我们还没有拿定主意。
The invading army marched on Rome.
入侵军队向罗马进发。
They are learning to march in step.他们正在学习齐步走。
[拓展]　
march against sth.游行示威反对某事
march up and down踱来踱去
march in support of...游行支持……
march through...(street)
游行穿过……(大街)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①His army was ________ the march along the bank of the river.
②The troops are now preparing to march ________ the street.
③After a rest in the small village, the team marched ________．
④Without saying a word, Anna took hold of my arm and ________ (march) me off to the headmaster's office.
on
along
on
marched
完成句子
⑤The commander waved to the soldiers __________ (向前进).
⑥Mr Yang ________________ (踱来踱去) impatiently in his office.
⑦It is said that all the workers will ___________ (进行示威游行) tomorrow.
to march on
marched up and down
go on a march
9)judge vi. & vt.评价；判断，认为；评判；担任裁判　n．法官；裁判员；鉴赏家
(教材原句)“... they will not be judged by the colour of their skin but by the content of their character...” “……不是根据肤色评判他们，而是根据他们的性格……”
judge... by/from/on... 由……判断……
as far as I can judge 据我判断
judging by/from... 根据……来判断
[提示]　judging from/by用在句首作状语时是独立成分，不受句子主语和时态的影响，只用现在分词形式。
What gives you the right to judge other people
你有什么权利对别人评头论足？
Don't judge a book by its cover.(谚)不要以貌取人。
It is hard to judge this case.这个案子很难断。
She was asked to judge the speech competition.
她被邀请担任演讲比赛的裁判。
As far as I can judge, all of them are to blame.
依我看，他们都应承担责任。
Judging by/from her last letter, they are having a wonderful time.从她上一封信看，他们过得非常愉快。
As a judge, she tried her best to exercise her power.
作为法官，她尽最大努力行使自己的权力。
Mr Taylor is a good judge of the fine arts.
泰勒先生是美术鉴赏行家。
He refused to make a judgement about the situation.
他拒绝对形势作出评价。
10.It was, in her judgement, the wrong thing to do.
在她看来，那样做是错误的。
[拓展]　judgement n．判断力，辨别力；意见，看法，评价
make a judgement about/on对……作出判断/评价
in one's judgement在某人看来
a good/poor judgement判断力强/弱
a lack of judgement缺乏判断力
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①In my opinion, we should never judge a man ________ his appearance.
②________ (judge) from the number of the cars, only a small number of people have attended the meeting.
③Schools should not ________ (judge) only on exam results.
④She showed a lack of ________ (judge) when she gave Mark the job.
⑤As far ________ I can judge, Mr Smith has left London.
⑥He made a judgement ________ the incident, but he didn't say anything.
⑦________ her judgement, it was wrong to give children so much pocket money.
by/from
Judging　
be judged
judgement
as
on/about
In　
写出句中judge的词性及含义
⑧Judging from the look on his face, he must have known the news.____________
⑨I'm no judge of music, but I know what I like.____________
动词，判断
名词，鉴赏家
10)impressive adj.令人钦佩的，给人印象深刻的(→impressively adv.令人敬佩地；给人印象深刻地)
(教材原句)Very impressive indeed!
确实令人印象非常深刻！
an impressive achievement 一项令人敬佩的成就
an impressive performance/scene/speech
令人难忘的演出/场面/演说
an impressive novel 给人印象深刻的小说
an impressive performance 令人难忘的演出
She was very impressive in the interview.
她在面试中表现得十分出色。
Mr King made an impressive speech about equal rights.
金先生就平等权利做了令人印象深刻的演讲。
On the surface, the plant is impressively clean.
该工厂表面看起来干净得令人难忘。
(1)impress vt.给……留下深刻印象，使钦佩
impress sth. on/upon sb. 使某人意识到……
impress sb. with/by sth. 某事(物)给某人留下深刻印象
be impressed with/by 对……深刻印象的/钦佩的
Her words impressed themselves on my memory.
她的话语我铭记在心里。
The teacher impressed the importance of English on/upon me.老师让我意识到英语的重要性。
Li Kang is very impressed with the teachers in his new school.新学校的老师给李康留下了很深的印象。
(2)impression n．印象，感想
leave/make an impression on/upon sb.
给某人留下深刻印象
first impression 第一印象
have the impression that... 有……印象，记得……
have very clear impression on sth.
对……有了非常清晰的认识
First impression cannot always be trusted.
第一印象不总是可信的。
This experience made a deep impression on me.
这次经历给我留下了深刻的印象。
I have the impression that I have seen that man somewhere before.我觉得从前在什么地方见到过那个人。
[延伸]　
句式：It impresses sb. that...
……让某人印象深刻或钦佩。
It impressed me that she remembered my name.令我佩服的是她记得我的名字。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①My first ________ (impress) of him was that he was a genius in music.
②What was ________ (impress) about her victory was that she came first in the marathon bare- footed.
③He impressed the need for immediate action ________ us.
④Even _______________ (impressive), she is the only one who has won first prize.
⑤The composer impressed us ________ his knowledge.
⑥He ___________ (impress) with the careful treatment of the doctors.
⑦His musical talent made a deep impression ________ all the people present.
impression　
impressive
on/upon
more impressively
with/by
was impressed
on/upon
完成句子
⑧My father ___________________ (让我记住重要性) of hard work.
⑨________________ (让我印象深刻的是) he could remember all the phone numbers of his customers.
impressed on me the value
It impressed me that
11)respect vt. & n．尊敬；敬佩　n．方面(→respected adj.受人尊敬的；受人敬重的)
(教材原句)I really admire and respect him, and there's no doubt that he was one of the most important figures of the 20th century.我真的钦佩和尊重他，毫无疑问，他是20世纪最重要的人物之一。
respect oneself 自重
respect sb. for... 因……尊重某人
respect one's views 尊重某人的观点
have respect for sb. 尊敬某人
show respect for 对……表示尊敬
gain/earn/win one's respect 获得/赢得某人的尊敬
lose one's respect 失去某人的尊敬
out of respect (for) 出于(对……的)尊敬
in respect of/with respect to 关于；就……而言
in this respect 在这方面
I respect him very much for his great contributions to science.因他对科学的巨大贡献，我很尊敬他。
In this respect we are very fortunate.
在这方面，我们是很幸运的。
He fought bravely in many battles and gained their respect.他在多次战斗中表现勇敢而获得了他们的尊敬。
Students should show respect for their teachers.
学生们应该尊敬老师。
Out of respect for the audience, he took off his hat.
出于对观众的尊敬，他摘下了帽子。
With respect to your other proposals, I am not yet able to tell you our decision.
谈到你的其他建议，我现在还无法把我们的决定告诉你。
She is a well respected member of the international community.她在国际社会中非常受人敬重。
Go and make yourself look respectable.
去把自己弄得体面点。
We were brought up to be respectful of teachers.
我们从小就学会了尊重老师。
10.They went into their respective bedrooms to pack.
他们回到各自的卧室打包。
11.Their sons were three and six respectively.
他们的儿子分别是3岁和6岁。
[拓展]　respectable adj.可敬的；正派的；体面的
respectful adj.表示尊敬的；恭敬的
be respectful of对……尊重/恭敬
respective adj.各自的；个别的
respectively adv.各自地，依次地
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be equally ________ (respect).
②We all respect Miss Han ________ her generous donation.
③Her two daughters, Jo and Fiona, were born in 1978 and 1981 ________ (respective).
④They chatted about their ________ (respect) ambitions.
⑤If I decided to say a few words, it's only out of respect ________ the supporters.
⑥Mr Brown is a ________ (respect) man, who has helped a lot of homeless people.
⑦You should be more ________ (respect) of other people's points of view.
respected
for
respectively
respective
for
respectable
respectful
完成句子
⑧______________ (出于对……的尊敬) my teacher, I said hello to him.
⑨The two groups were similar ____________________ (就……而言) income and status.
⑩The older generation ____________ (对……尊重) tradition.
Out of respect for
with respect to/in respect of
are respectful of
第二版块|重要短语
1)pick out挑选；辨认出；分辨出
(教材原句)Pick out the right information for each of them.
为他们每个人挑选正确的信息。
Let's pick out the bad potatoes from the basket.
让我们把坏掉的土豆从篮子里挑出来。
The witness picked out the thief from a crowd of men.
证人从一群人中认出了窃贼。
I can pick out his voice in the dark.黑暗中，我能听出他的声音。
pick one's pocket 扒窃
pick on 挑选；挑剔；找……岔子
pick up 拿起；捡起；营救，搭救；学会；(身体)恢复，好转；接收；买到
Why do you pick on me to do the unpleasant jobs
你为什么选我做这些令人不愉快的工作？
I have to pick up my son from school at four o'clock.
我四点钟得去学校接我儿子。
They always pick on me when anything goes wrong.
一旦出了什么差错，他们总是找我的岔子。

give out 发出，分发；用完；精疲力竭
turn out 结果是；最终发现；最终成为
run out (of) 用完；耗尽
make out 看清；听清；分清
After a month their food supplies gave out.
一个月以后他们的食物储备消耗殆尽。
I couldn't make out what she was saying.
我听不清她在说什么。
It turned out that the correct answer was zero.
结果证明正确答案是零。
10.My car broke down on the way to the beach because it had run out of petrol/because its petrol had run out.
在去海滩的路上，我的车因汽油耗尽抛锚了。

[归纳拓展]　look/watch out当心
work out计算出；解决；锻炼
Watch out! It's rather wet over there.
小心！那边相当潮湿。
Things just didn't work out as planned.
事情没有像计划的那样进展顺利。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly pick ________ my friend.
②We managed to pick ________ a few bargains in the market.
③Never pick ________ anybody who isn't your own size, son.
out　
up　
on
选词填空：pick/make/turn/look/run/work
④The problem seemed challenging, but it ________ out to be easy to solve.
⑤You have to ________ out because there are land mines all over the place.
⑥Milk has ________ out. Could you buy some on the way back home
⑦Mary, a famous actress, spends two hours every day ________ out to keep slim.
⑧It was so foggy that the driver could hardly ________ out the way ahead.
⑨I was no longer satisfied with the mobile phone that I ________ out last week.
turned　
look　
run
working　
make　
picked
2)the other day不久前某一天，前不久
(教材原句)I learnt this on a radio programme the other day.前几天我在一个广播节目中学到了这一点。
She had her first heart attack the other day.
前不久，她心脏病第一次发作。
He caught several fish the other day.前几天他钓到几条鱼。
The other day I came across a friend in the street.
前几天我在街上遇见了一位朋友。
The other day I saw some children running about in the garden.前几天我看见一些孩子在花园里跑来跑去。
day by day 一天天地，逐日地(强调变化)
day after day 日复一日地，天天(强调重复)
every other day＝every second day＝every two days
每隔一天
day in and day out 夜以继日；天天
all day and all night 整日整夜
all day (long) 一整天
these days 现在；如今
to this day 至今
Nobody knows how hard it is to lie here alone, day after day.没人知道一个人躺在这里，日复一日，有多难。
Most people go through the same routine, day in and day out.绝大多数人总是日复一日过着例行公事般的生活。
As you can see, the number of cars on roads keeps rising these days.如你所见，如今路上的车辆越来越多。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Helen borrowed my book ________ other day, saying that she would return it soon.
②She hates doing the same work day ________ day.
③Most of us work at boring jobs, doing the same thing day ________ and day out.
④The patient's condition is improving day ________ day.
完成句子
⑤He seems to be on the move ___________ (一整天).
⑥The doctor visits her ____________________________________ (每隔一天).
⑦I didn't find time to say goodbye to you before I left. I regret it _________ (至今).
the
after
in
by
all day (long)
every other day/every second day/every two days
to this day
3)give up戒除；放弃
He suffered a serious injury that obliged him to give up work.他受伤严重，不得已只好放弃工作。
The enemy at last gave up.敌人终于投降了。(＝give in)
give up smoking 戒烟
give up one's job 放弃工作
give up easily 轻易放弃
give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
[拓展]　give up既可作及物动词短语，也可作不及物动词短语。人称代词作宾语时，要放在give与up中间。
give away 泄露；暴露；捐赠
give back 归还；使恢复
give in 投降；屈服，让步
give in to... 屈服于……，向……让步
give off 发出(气味、光、热、声音等)
give out 分发；发出(光、热、信号等)；用完
give sth. over to sb. 把……交给/让给某人
He gave over the old bicycle to his son.
他把旧脚踏车交给他的儿子。
[即学即练]　完成句子
①“我放弃了再次找到我的戒指的希望，”她说。
“I ________ hope of finding my ring again，” she says.
②但她拒绝放弃，坚持要去。
But she refused to _______ and insisted that she go.
③那就是为什么我放弃了当画家这一伟大职业。
That was why I ___________ might have been a magnificent career as a painter.
gave up　
give up　
gave up what
④他对她的要求让步，把他所有的钱都送给她了。
He has _________ all his money ________ her request.
⑤玫瑰散发出香味儿。
The rose ________ a nice smell.
⑥油灯散发出淡黄色的光。
An oil lamp ________ yellowish light.
given away
to
gave off
gave out
4)believe in相信……存在；相信……正确；信任
I don't believe in ghosts.我不相信有鬼。
I don't believe in the method.我不相信这个方法。
Believe in yourself！相信自己！
You can believe in this man, he will never let you down.
你可以信任这个人，他决不会让你失望的。
believe it or not 信不信由你
make believe 假装
believe sb./sth. to be... 认为某人/某物……
It is believed that... (＝People believe that...)
人们相信/认为……
He made believe not to hear me.
他假装没听到我的声音。
I believe you/what you say.我相信你所说的。
It is believed that he will win the competition.
人们认为他会赢得比赛。
I asked my boss for a month's holiday, believe it or not, he agreed！我向老板请一个月的假，信不信由你，他居然同意了。
[易混比较]　believe表示相信某人的话、相信某事等。
believe in表示相信某人或某事物的存在，依赖、信任某人。
I believe in you, so I believe what you said.
我信任你，因此我相信你说的话。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The film is believed ________ (be) instructive and full of emotion.
②It is believed ________ today's children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar...
完成句子
③他相信说出自己的想法是对的。
He __________ saying what he thinks.
④相信自己，否则你永远不会成功。
_______________， or you will never succeed.
⑤他在楼上做功课，信不信由你。
He's upstairs doing his homework, _____________．
to be
that　
believes in
Believe in yourself
believe it or not
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It will take a few more years to ________ (判断) the impact of these impressive ideas.
2．Within the Department of Justice are several drug fighting agencies. The lead agency in this ________ (方面) is the DEA.
3．Organisers expect up to 300，000 protesters to join in the ________ (游行示威).
4．The influence of climate on crops is ________ (不证自明的).
5．The building work will go ahead, despite ________ (抗议) from local residents.
judge　
respect　
march　
self -evident
protests
6．Racial ___________ (歧视) is abhorrent to my council and our staff.
7．I admired her _____________ (独立) and bravery.
8．The farmers staged a noisy but ________ (和平的) protest outside the headquarters of the organisation.
9．If a poet is divorced from the hustle of life, he can't write ________ (鼓舞人心的) poetry.
10．Looking still ________ (进一步) ahead, by the end of the next century the world population is expected to be about ten billion.
discrimination　
independence　
peaceful　
inspiring　
further
Ⅱ.短语填空
believe in, pick out, give up, the other day, put sb. in prison, have an impression that, judging from/by
1．I have been _________ to represent the whole team.
2．The student may show signs of feeling the strain of responsibility and she may ________．
3．The tragedy made her question everything she __________．
4．I called her ___________ and she said she'd like to come over.
5．I _________________ I left it on the train.
6．____________ her accent, she is a southerner.
7．Petty committed a serious crime and ____________．
picked out
give up
believed in
the other day
have an impression that
Judging from/by
was put in prison
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
A
1．He has attempted to find a ________ (peace) solution to the Ossetian conflict.
2．I am not satisfied with your explanation and intend to take the matter ________ (far).
3．I want him to respect me ________ a career woman.
4．Don't you believe ________ equality between men and women
5．The price is dependent ________ how many extras you choose.
peaceful
further
as　
in
on/upon
B
1．[2020·浙江二考]A few characters are used to create a single ________ (impress) growing out of the theme.
2．But can uniforms help improve school standards The answer ________ this question is not clear.
1．答案与解析：impression　用名词作宾语。句意：利用几个角色来创造一个从主题中归纳出来的单一印象。
2．答案与解析：to　句意：但是校服能帮助提高学校的标准吗？这个问题的答案不清楚 。
3．[2020·全国Ⅲ卷]Highlights (精彩之处) include China's most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzhou's rolling hills, waterways and ________ (peace) temples.
4．Apparently, blindly following others' advice will affect our own ________ (judge).
3．答案与解析：peaceful　用形容词作定语。句意：亮点包括中国最神圣的泰山山峰和杭州起伏的丘陵、水路和宁静的寺庙。
4．答案与解析：judgement　空格前有our own修饰，故填名词。
5．Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, ________ (independent), confidence and competence—the underpinnings (基础) of emotional health.
6．[2022·全国甲卷]________ (inspire) by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation held in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road.
5．答案与解析：independence　空格前后都是名词，所以此处也填名词。
6．答案与解析：Inspired　由于句子主语Cao与inspire是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作状语。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹晟康决定徒步穿越这条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．他们打算继续前进解放这座城市。
They planned to _________ and liberate the city.
2．真是太糟糕了！我所有的努力都白费了。
____________！ All my efforts turned out to be in vain.
3．英格兰队必须拿下这场比赛才能确保获得世界杯的参赛资格。
England must win this game to _________ qualifying for the World Cup.
march on
What a shame
be sure of
4．这种即将到来的救助不会对可怕的死亡率造成立竿见影的影响。
The type of aid coming in __________________________ the horrific death rates.
5．我们判断我们与其他人相同或不同的程度。
We judge the extent to which we are __________ or different from others.
6．如果不是因为前几天他的邀请，我现在就不会在这里了。
If it had not been for his invitation ___________， I should not be here now.
makes no immediate impression on
the same as
the other daySection C　Lesson 2　History Makers
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．____________ n. & vi. & vt.
抗议；反对
2．____________ n. 示威游行，抗议游行
v. 示威游行，抗议游行；行进；齐步走
3．____________ n. 铁栅；(门、窗等的)闩
4．____________ n. 皮肤
5．____________ n. 目击者；证人；证据；
证言；证明
vt. 目击，以……作证
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．dependence n．依靠，依赖→________ n．独立→________ adj.独立的，自主的
2．peace n．和平→________ adj.和平的，没有暴力的；安静的；爱好和平的
3．race n．种族；人种→________ adj.种族的；人种的
4．inspire v．鼓舞，激励→________ adj.鼓舞人心的
5．impress v．使铭记；给……留下深刻印象→________ adj.令人钦佩的，给人印象深刻的
6．respect vt. & n．尊敬；敬佩→________ adj.表示敬意的；尊敬的
7．judge vi. & vt.评价；判断→________ n．判断力；判决
8．evident adj.显而易见的；显然的→________ adj.不证自明的；显而易见的
9．discriminate v．歧视→________ n．歧视
Ⅲ.重点短语(英汉互译)
A 写出下列短语的汉意
1．pick out ________________
2．organise peaceful protests
________________
3．suffer racial discrimination
________________
4．a famous and inspiring speech
________________
5．be put behind bars ________________
6．the other day ________________
7．the information on the Internet
________________
8．make a short presentation
________________
B 写出下列汉语所对应的英语短语
1．________________ 为平等权利和正义而斗争
2．________________ 获得诺贝尔和平奖
3．________________ 真遗憾！
4．________________ 毫无疑问……
5．________________ 成为独立国家
第一版块|核心单词
1)independence n．独立(→dependence n．依靠，依赖　dependent adj.依靠的，依赖的；depend v．依靠；依赖；由……决定，取决于))
(教材原句)He led his country to independence from British rule.他领导他的国家脱离英国统治而独立。
gain/attain/win independence (from...)
(脱离……)获得独立
national independence 民族独立
full/complete independence 完全独立
political/economic independence 政治的/经济的独立
lose one's independance 失去自己的独立性
The Declaration of Independence
《独立宣言》
India won its independence from England in 1947.
印度于1947年脱离英国而独立。
He was afraid of losing his independence.
他害怕失去自己的独立性。
be dependent on 依靠，依赖于
dependence on/upon 对……的依赖
depend on/upon 取决于；依靠
depend on/upon sb. to do sth. 依靠某人做某事
It/That (all) depends.那得视情况而定。
He is now independent of his parents.
他现在不依靠他父母了。
You can't be dependent on your parents all your life.
你不可能一辈子靠父母生活。
He was the sort of person you could depend on.
他是那种你可以信赖的人。
I always placed a lot of dependence on what she says.
我总是对她所说的话有很大的信赖。
He knew he could depend upon her to deal with the situation.他知道可以依靠她来应付这种局面。
[词性比较]　
[动]depend on
[形]dependent on→independent of
[名]dependence on→independence from
[拓展]　
independent adj.独立的，自主的
be/become independent of
独立于……，不受……支配
independently adv.独立地
Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion unless he wants their support.汤姆很独立，除非他想得到父母的支持，否则他从不征求父母的意见。
He lives in a small apartment independently.他独自住在一所小公寓里。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①A good teacher encourages ________ (independent) of thought.
②The United States gained its independence ________ England in the American Revolutionary War.
③Too much ________ (dependent) on the teachers risks loss of motivation to discover.
④The cooking time needed depends ________ the size of the potato.
⑤Going away to college has made me much ________ (independent).
⑥It was important to me to be financially independent ________ my parents.
2)peaceful adj.和平的，没有暴力的；安静的，平静的；和睦的)
(教材原句)He organised peaceful protests.
他组织了和平抗议。
a peaceful society 和谐的社会
a peaceful atmosphere/evening 宁静的气氛/夜晚
a peaceful protest/demonstration/solution
和平抗议/示威/解决办法
have a peaceful life 过着平静的生活
The aims of the organisation are wholly peaceful.
这个组织的宗旨是追求完全地和平。
Evening in the country is a very peaceful time.
乡村里的傍晚是平静安谧的时刻。
The villagers have a peaceful life.村民们过着平静的生活。
We must try to find a peaceful solution to the conflict.
我们必须努力寻找和平解决冲突的方法。
at peace 处于和平/平静状态
at war 处于交战之中
After years of war, the people long for a lasting peace.
历经多年战乱之后，人民渴望永久和平。
The two communities live together in peace.
这两个社区和平相处。
Then they find a way to make peace with each other.
然后他们找到了与对方和解的方法。
[拓展]　
(1)peacefully adv.和平地，平静地
Her son was lying peacefully on his back.
她的儿子正安静地仰面躺着。
(2)peace n．和平；平静，安宁，安静，清静；和睦，和谐
in peace和平地，安宁地
make (one's) peace with同……言归于好；与……和解
peace of mind内心的宁静
world peace世界和平
war and peace战争与和平
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He has attempted to find a ________ (peace) solution to the Ossetian conflict.
②A lion was sleeping ________ (peace) in the forest when a mouse ran across his paw.
③Though she is in great trouble, her mind is ________ peace.
④It is a great relief to see that people in the border areas are living ________ peace now.
3)protest n. & vi. & vt.抗议，反对　vt.坚决表示，申辩(→protester n．反对者；抗议者))
make a protest/protests at/against
对……做出抗议
in protest at/against... 抗议……
without protest 心甘情愿地；一声不吭地
under protest 无奈地；不服气地；不甘心地
protest(s) from 来自……的抗议
do sth. under protest 表示不满后勉强做某事
hold a protest 举行抗议
lead to protests 导致抗议
a violent protest 强烈抗议
a mass protest 大规模抗议
protest at/against/about/over 就……抗议
He hoped to achieve his goal by making peaceful protests.他希望通过和平抗议实现自己的目标。
The director resigned in protest at the decision.
主任辞职以示抗议这项决定。
The announcement led to widespread public protests.
这一通告引发了广泛的公众抗议。
She accepted the charge without protest.
她一声不吭地接受了指控。
Mr Lee protested the action in a telephone call to the president.李先生在打给总统的电话里反对这次行动。
The local people took to the streets to protest against the decision.当地的人们走上街头，抗议这项决定。
He protested that the journey was too far by car.
他坚持说路途太远，不宜开汽车去。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①People who would be affected by the proposed changes made ________ protest last week.
②All local farmers protested ________ building the new airport on their farmland.
③She wrote a letter of apology but only ________ protest.
④We cannot pass this matter by ________ protest.
⑤I turned off the TV, despite loud protests ________ the kids.
完成句子
⑥Conservation groups have united __________________ (抗议) the planned new road.
⑦Groups of women took to the streets to ____________________(抗议) the regulations.
4)discrimination n．歧视；识别力，辨别力)
(教材原句)He suffered racial discrimination in South Africa.他在南非受到了种族歧视。
without discrimination 无歧视
discrimination against 对……的歧视
age/racial/sexual discrimination 年龄/种族/性别歧视
learn discrimination between right and wrong
学会分辨是非
make discriminations between...and...
在……和……间做判别
have the discrimination between...and...
能分辨……
show discrimination in doing sth. 在做……方面显示出识别能力
have the discrimination in doing sth.
在……方面有鉴别力
We should not have racial discrimination.
我们不该有种族歧视。
They heard shocking stories of discrimination against women.他们听到了关于歧视妇女的骇人听闻的事。
He has the discrimination in making friends.
在交友方面他有辨别力。
Young children find it difficult to make fine discriminations between right and wrong.小孩子们发现很难分辨是非。
She showed great discrimination in rejecting the poor quality teas.她在剔除劣质茶方面显示出高超的鉴别力。
A teacher must not discriminate between pupils.
老师对学生应当一视同仁。
The law does not discriminate against the poor in favour of the rich.法律绝不歧视穷人而偏袒富人。
The boy is too young to discriminate good books from bad ones.这个男孩太小，分不清好书和坏书。
You must learn to discriminate between facts and opinions.你必须学会把事实和看法区分出来。
[拓展]　
discriminate vt. & vi. 区分；辨别
discriminate against歧视……
discriminate...from...将……与……区别开
discriminate between... and...区别……和……
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①There was a widespread discrimination ________ older people in the job market.
②They knew that ________ (discriminate) was going on, but chose to ignore it.
③People should not ________ (discriminate) against.
④They cooked without skill and ate ________ discrimination.
⑤It is unfair to discriminate ________ black people and white people.
完成句子
⑥He __________________________ (颇具慧眼) his choice of friends.
⑦Laws are needed which do not ________________________________ (歧视任何人).
5)inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的(→inspired adj.卓越的；有灵感的　inspire v．激励，鼓舞；给……灵感　inspiration n．灵感；鼓舞人心的人或事))
(教材原句)He gave a famous and inspiring speech with the words “I have a dream”．他用“我有一个梦想”这句话做了一次著名而鼓舞人心的演讲。
(1)an inspiring teacher 启发能力强的教师
inspiring news/music 鼓舞人心的消息/音乐
an inspired boy 受到鼓舞的男孩
an inspired leader 卓越的领导人
an inspired performance 优秀的表演
(2)inspire sb. to do sth. 鼓舞某人做某事
inspire sb. with sth. 用……激励某人；使某人产生某种情感
inspire sth. in sb. 激起某人某种情感
(3)draw inspiration from 从……中得到灵感
a flash of inspiration 灵机一动
a source of inspiration 灵感的来源
His speech was inspiring and touched my heart.
他的发言鼓舞人心，感人肺腑。
The company is aggressive and inspired.
该公司雄心勃勃，富于创新精神。
The choice he made was inspired by a trip to Hefei.
他做的这个选择是从一次合肥之行中得到的启发。
The memory of his mother inspired him to write his greatest poetry.
他对母亲的怀念给了他灵感，从而创作出他最伟大的诗篇。
The actors inspired the kids with their enthusiasm.
演员以热情鼓舞着孩子们。
Dreams can be a rich source of inspiration for an artist.
梦境可以是艺术家灵感的丰富源泉。
He is a generous man, and an inspiration to all of us.
他是一个大方的人，对我们所有的人是一种鼓舞。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①She was a very strong, impressive character and one of the ________ (inspire) people I've ever met.
②The other day after I posted my speech, I apparently felt ________ (inspire) by my own words.
③Our challenge is to motivate those voters and inspire them ________ (join) our cause.
④His best music ________ (inspire) by the memory of his mother.
⑤The answer came to her in a flash of ________ (inspire).
⑥Powell's unusual journey to high office is ________ inspiration to millions.
⑦I am one of the countless millions who drew inspiration ________ Nelson Mandela's life.
⑧Her work didn't exactly inspire me ________ confidence.
⑨Leslie Nielsen's devotion to acting is wonderfully ________ (inspire).
6)bar n．铁栅；(门、窗等的)闩，条，杆，棒，块；酒吧；柜台；障碍，羁绊　vt.阻拦，禁止)
(教材原句)He was put behind bars many times.
他多次被关进监狱。
(1)behind bars (n.) 在牢里
put sb. in bars 把某人关进监狱
bar (vt.) sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事
bar (vt.) doing sth. 禁止做某事
(2)candy bars 糖棒
a bar of chocolate/soap 一条巧克力/一块肥皂
a coffee/snack/wine bar 咖啡馆/小吃店/酒吧
All the ground floor windows were fitted with bars.
一楼所有的窗户都装了铁栅。
I went to the store for a candy bar and two bars of soap.
我到商店买了一个糖棒和两块肥皂。
The murderer is now safely behind bars.
那个杀人犯现在被关在监狱里， 不会再造成危险了。
It was so crowded that I couldn't get to the bar.
人太多了，我无法挤到柜台那儿。
Poor health may be a bar to success in life.
健康欠佳可能成为人生中取得成功的障碍。
Soldiers barred the way and we couldn't go any farther.
士兵挡住了路，我们不能再往前走。
My mother barred smoking at the dinner table.
我母亲禁止(我们)吃饭时抽烟。
Nothing could bar them from meeting each other.
什么也不能阻止他们见面。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He was caught by the police and ended up ________ bars.
②After the bombing, the whole area ________ (bar) to the public.
③He has been barred ________ playing for two weeks because of bad behaviour.
写出句中bar的词性及含义
④After the member was caught cheating, he was barred from the club.____________
⑤At that time being a woman was a bar to promotion in most professions.____________
⑥There were bars across the windows of the prison.____________
完成句子
⑦The member voted to ______________________ (不让妇女加入该俱乐部).
⑧______________________ (一条巧克力) is enough to stop his crying.
7)further adj.更多的，进一步　adv.更远地；进一步地　vt.促进；推动；增进)
(教材原句)And King organised further protests in the 1960s, right？并且金在20世纪60年代组织了更多的抗议活动，对吧？
(1)further information 更多信息
further development 进一步发展
further education 进修，继续教育
further instructions 进一步的指示
further study 进一步研究；深造
take further action 采取进一步行动
go further 进一步说
(2)study further 进修
(3)further understanding 进一步了解
further the development of economy
促进经济的发展
further one's career 促进某人的事业
further the friendship between A and B
增进A和B两者之间的友谊
For further details call this number.
欲知详情，拨打这个号码。
We had walked further than I had realised.
在我不知不觉中我们已走得很远。
The police decided to investigate further.
警方决定做进一步调查。
With our efforts, ten young boys and girls will now be able to further their education.在我们的努力下，10名男孩和女孩现在将能够继续接受教育。
She took the new job to further her career.
她接受了这个新工作以进一步发展她的事业。
[比较]　further/farther
两者都是far的比较级，但是further除表示“更远”之外，主要是表达程度上更进一步；farther是far的另一个比较级，主要是指距离上更远。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①They watered down the soup to make it go ________ (far).
②I have to travel ________ (far) to work now.
写出句中further的词性及含义
③He dedicated his life to furthering the cause of world peace.____________
④I would go even further and suggest that the entire club is in a mess.____________
⑤There'll be a further performance of the play next week.____________
完成句子
⑥The local government will ______________________ (采取进一步措施) to prevent the disease from spreading to other parts.
8)march n．示威游行，抗议游行；行进，行军　v．(使)行进　marcher n．游行示威者)
(教材原句)In 1963, he organised a march to Washington, D.C....1963年，他组织了一次前往华盛顿的游行……
(1)n.示威游行，抗议游行；行军，行进
go on a march 进行示威游行
(be) on the march 在行进中；在行军中
Long March 长征
protest/peace marches 抗议/和平示威游行
Organisers expect up to 300，000 protesters to join the march.组织者预计多达30万的抗议者参加这次游行。
The army began their long march to the coast in March.
军队在三月开始了他们开往沿海地区的长途行军。
Although we were tired, we were still on the march.
虽然我们都很累了，但我们依旧在行进。
(2)vi.示威游行；行军，行进
march on (继续)向前进，向……行进
march out of... 走出……
march into 长驱直入
march in step 齐步走
They marched 20 miles to reach the capital.
他们行进了20英里才到达首都。
Time marches on and we still have not made a decision.
时间过得飞快，而我们还没有拿定主意。
The invading army marched on Rome.
入侵军队向罗马进发。
They are learning to march in step.他们正在学习齐步走。
[拓展]　
march against sth.游行示威反对某事
march up and down踱来踱去
march in support of...游行支持……
march through...(street)
游行穿过……(大街)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①His army was ________ the march along the bank of the river.
②The troops are now preparing to march ________ the street.
③After a rest in the small village, the team marched ________．
④Without saying a word, Anna took hold of my arm and ________ (march) me off to the headmaster's office.
完成句子
⑤The commander waved to the soldiers ________________________ (向前进).
⑥Mr Yang ________________________ (踱来踱去) impatiently in his office.
⑦It is said that all the workers will ______________________ (进行示威游行) tomorrow.
9)judge vi. & vt.评价；判断，认为；评判；担任裁判　n．法官；裁判员；鉴赏家)
(教材原句)“... they will not be judged by the colour of their skin but by the content of their character...” “……不是根据肤色评判他们，而是根据他们的性格……”
judge... by/from/on... 由……判断……
as far as I can judge 据我判断
judging by/from... 根据……来判断
[提示]　judging from/by用在句首作状语时是独立成分，不受句子主语和时态的影响，只用现在分词形式。
What gives you the right to judge other people
你有什么权利对别人评头论足？
Don't judge a book by its cover.(谚)不要以貌取人。
It is hard to judge this case.这个案子很难断。
She was asked to judge the speech competition.
她被邀请担任演讲比赛的裁判。
As far as I can judge, all of them are to blame.
依我看，他们都应承担责任。
Judging by/from her last letter, they are having a wonderful time.从她上一封信看，他们过得非常愉快。
As a judge, she tried her best to exercise her power.
作为法官，她尽最大努力行使自己的权力。
Mr Taylor is a good judge of the fine arts.
泰勒先生是美术鉴赏行家。
He refused to make a judgement about the situation.
他拒绝对形势作出评价。
It was, in her judgement, the wrong thing to do.
在她看来，那样做是错误的。
[拓展]　judgement n．判断力，辨别力；意见，看法，评价
make a judgement about/on对……作出判断/评价
in one's judgement在某人看来
a good/poor judgement判断力强/弱
a lack of judgement缺乏判断力
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①In my opinion, we should never judge a man ________ his appearance.
②________ (judge) from the number of the cars, only a small number of people have attended the meeting.
③Schools should not ________ (judge) only on exam results.
④She showed a lack of ________ (judge) when she gave Mark the job.
⑤As far ________ I can judge, Mr Smith has left London.
⑥He made a judgement ________ the incident, but he didn't say anything.
⑦________ her judgement, it was wrong to give children so much pocket money.
写出句中judge的词性及含义
⑧Judging from the look on his face, he must have known the news.____________
⑨I'm no judge of music, but I know what I like.____________
10)impressive adj.令人钦佩的，给人印象深刻的(→impressively adv.令人敬佩地；给人印象深刻地))
(教材原句)Very impressive indeed!
确实令人印象非常深刻！
an impressive achievement 一项令人敬佩的成就
an impressive performance/scene/speech
令人难忘的演出/场面/演说
an impressive novel 给人印象深刻的小说
an impressive performance 令人难忘的演出
She was very impressive in the interview.
她在面试中表现得十分出色。
Mr King made an impressive speech about equal rights.
金先生就平等权利做了令人印象深刻的演讲。
On the surface, the plant is impressively clean.
该工厂表面看起来干净得令人难忘。
(1)impress vt.给……留下深刻印象，使钦佩
impress sth. on/upon sb. 使某人意识到……
impress sb. with/by sth. 某事(物)给某人留下深刻印象
be impressed with/by 对……深刻印象的/钦佩的
Her words impressed themselves on my memory.
她的话语我铭记在心里。
The teacher impressed the importance of English on/upon me.老师让我意识到英语的重要性。
Li Kang is very impressed with the teachers in his new school.新学校的老师给李康留下了很深的印象。
(2)impression n．印象，感想
leave/make an impression on/upon sb.
给某人留下深刻印象
first impression 第一印象
have the impression that... 有……印象，记得……
have very clear impression on sth.
对……有了非常清晰的认识
First impression cannot always be trusted.
第一印象不总是可信的。
This experience made a deep impression on me.
这次经历给我留下了深刻的印象。
I have the impression that I have seen that man somewhere before.我觉得从前在什么地方见到过那个人。
[延伸]　
句式：It impresses sb. that...
……让某人印象深刻或钦佩。
It impressed me that she remembered my name.令我佩服的是她记得我的名字。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①My first ________ (impress) of him was that he was a genius in music.
②What was ________ (impress) about her victory was that she came first in the marathon bare footed.
③He impressed the need for immediate action ________ us.
④Even ________ (impressive), she is the only one who has won first prize.
⑤The composer impressed us ________ his knowledge.
⑥He ________ (impress) with the careful treatment of the doctors.
⑦His musical talent made a deep impression ________ all the people present.
完成句子
⑧My father ________________________ (让我记住重要性) of hard work.
⑨__________________________ (让我印象深刻的是) he could remember all the phone numbers of his customers.
11)respect vt. & n．尊敬；敬佩　n．方面(→respected adj.受人尊敬的；受人敬重的))
(教材原句)I really admire and respect him, and there's no doubt that he was one of the most important figures of the 20th century.我真的钦佩和尊重他，毫无疑问，他是20世纪最重要的人物之一。
respect oneself 自重
respect sb. for... 因……尊重某人
respect one's views 尊重某人的观点
have respect for sb. 尊敬某人
show respect for 对……表示尊敬
gain/earn/win one's respect 获得/赢得某人的尊敬
lose one's respect 失去某人的尊敬
out of respect (for) 出于(对……的)尊敬
in respect of/with respect to 关于；就……而言
in this respect 在这方面
I respect him very much for his great contributions to science.因他对科学的巨大贡献，我很尊敬他。
In this respect we are very fortunate.
在这方面，我们是很幸运的。
He fought bravely in many battles and gained their respect.他在多次战斗中表现勇敢而获得了他们的尊敬。
Students should show respect for their teachers.
学生们应该尊敬老师。
Out of respect for the audience, he took off his hat.
出于对观众的尊敬，他摘下了帽子。
With respect to your other proposals, I am not yet able to tell you our decision.
谈到你的其他建议，我现在还无法把我们的决定告诉你。
She is a well respected member of the international community.她在国际社会中非常受人敬重。
Go and make yourself look respectable.
去把自己弄得体面点。
We were brought up to be respectful of teachers.
我们从小就学会了尊重老师。
They went into their respective bedrooms to pack.
他们回到各自的卧室打包。
Their sons were three and six respectively.
他们的儿子分别是3岁和6岁。
[拓展]　respectable adj.可敬的；正派的；体面的
respectful adj.表示尊敬的；恭敬的
be respectful of对……尊重/恭敬
respective adj.各自的；个别的
respectively adv.各自地，依次地
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be equally ________ (respect).
②We all respect Miss Han ________ her generous donation.
③Her two daughters, Jo and Fiona, were born in 1978 and 1981 ________ (respective).
④They chatted about their ________ (respect) ambitions.
⑤If I decided to say a few words, it's only out of respect ________ the supporters.
⑥Mr Brown is a ________ (respect) man, who has helped a lot of homeless people.
⑦You should be more ________ (respect) of other people's points of view.
完成句子
⑧______________________________ (出于对……的尊敬) my teacher, I said hello to him.
⑨The two groups were similar ____________________________ (就……而言) income and status.
⑩The older generation ________________________ (对……尊重) tradition.
第二版块|重要短语
1)pick out挑选；辨认出；分辨出)
(教材原句)Pick out the right information for each of them.
为他们每个人挑选正确的信息。
Let's pick out the bad potatoes from the basket.
让我们把坏掉的土豆从篮子里挑出来。
The witness picked out the thief from a crowd of men.
证人从一群人中认出了窃贼。
I can pick out his voice in the dark.黑暗中，我能听出他的声音。
pick one's pocket 扒窃
pick on 挑选；挑剔；找……岔子
pick up 拿起；捡起；营救，搭救；学会；(身体)恢复，好转；接收；买到
Why do you pick on me to do the unpleasant jobs
你为什么选我做这些令人不愉快的工作？
I have to pick up my son from school at four o'clock.
我四点钟得去学校接我儿子。
They always pick on me when anything goes wrong.
一旦出了什么差错，他们总是找我的岔子。
give out 发出，分发；用完；精疲力竭
turn out 结果是；最终发现；最终成为
run out (of) 用完；耗尽
make out 看清；听清；分清
After a month their food supplies gave out.
一个月以后他们的食物储备消耗殆尽。
I couldn't make out what she was saying.
我听不清她在说什么。
It turned out that the correct answer was zero.
结果证明正确答案是零。
My car broke down on the way to the beach because it had run out of petrol/because its petrol had run out.
在去海滩的路上，我的车因汽油耗尽抛锚了。
[归纳拓展]　look/watch out当心
work out计算出；解决；锻炼
Watch out! It's rather wet over there.
小心！那边相当潮湿。
Things just didn't work out as planned.
事情没有像计划的那样进展顺利。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly pick ________ my friend.
②We managed to pick ________ a few bargains in the market.
③Never pick ________ anybody who isn't your own size, son.
选词填空：pick/make/turn/look/run/work
④The problem seemed challenging, but it ________ out to be easy to solve.
⑤You have to ________ out because there are land mines all over the place.
⑥Milk has ________ out. Could you buy some on the way back home
⑦Mary, a famous actress, spends two hours every day ________ out to keep slim.
⑧It was so foggy that the driver could hardly ________ out the way ahead.
⑨I was no longer satisfied with the mobile phone that I ________ out last week.
2)the other day不久前某一天，前不久)
(教材原句)I learnt this on a radio programme the other day.前几天我在一个广播节目中学到了这一点。
She had her first heart attack the other day.
前不久，她心脏病第一次发作。
He caught several fish the other day.前几天他钓到几条鱼。
The other day I came across a friend in the street.
前几天我在街上遇见了一位朋友。
The other day I saw some children running about in the garden.前几天我看见一些孩子在花园里跑来跑去。
day by day 一天天地，逐日地(强调变化)
day after day 日复一日地，天天(强调重复)
every other day＝every second day＝every two days
每隔一天
day in and day out 夜以继日；天天
all day and all night 整日整夜
all day (long) 一整天
these days 现在；如今
to this day 至今
Nobody knows how hard it is to lie here alone, day after day.没人知道一个人躺在这里，日复一日，有多难。
Most people go through the same routine, day in and day out.绝大多数人总是日复一日过着例行公事般的生活。
As you can see, the number of cars on roads keeps rising these days.如你所见，如今路上的车辆越来越多。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Helen borrowed my book ________ other day, saying that she would return it soon.
②She hates doing the same work day ________ day.
③Most of us work at boring jobs, doing the same thing day ________ and day out.
④The patient's condition is improving day ________ day.
完成句子
⑤He seems to be on the move ____________________ (一整天).
⑥The doctor visits her ____________________ (每隔一天).
⑦I didn't find time to say goodbye to you before I left. I regret it ____________________ (至今).
3)give up戒除；放弃)
He suffered a serious injury that obliged him to give up work.他受伤严重，不得已只好放弃工作。
The enemy at last gave up.敌人终于投降了。(＝give in)
give up smoking 戒烟
give up one's job 放弃工作
give up easily 轻易放弃
give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
[拓展]　give up既可作及物动词短语，也可作不及物动词短语。人称代词作宾语时，要放在give与up中间。
give away 泄露；暴露；捐赠
give back 归还；使恢复
give in 投降；屈服，让步
give in to... 屈服于……，向……让步
give off 发出(气味、光、热、声音等)
give out 分发；发出(光、热、信号等)；用完
give sth. over to sb. 把……交给/让给某人
He gave over the old bicycle to his son.
他把旧脚踏车交给他的儿子。
[即学即练]　完成句子
①“我放弃了再次找到我的戒指的希望，”她说。
“I ________________________ hope of finding my ring again，” she says.
②但她拒绝放弃，坚持要去。
But she refused to ________________ and insisted that she go.
③那就是为什么我放弃了当画家这一伟大职业。
That was why I ____________________ might have been a magnificent career as a painter.
④他对她的要求让步，把他所有的钱都送给她了。
He has ____________________ all his money ________ her request.
⑤玫瑰散发出香味儿。
The rose ______________ a nice smell.
⑥油灯散发出淡黄色的光。
An oil lamp ________________ yellowish light.
4)believe in相信……存在；相信……正确；信任)
I don't believe in ghosts.我不相信有鬼。
I don't believe in the method.我不相信这个方法。
Believe in yourself！相信自己！
You can believe in this man, he will never let you down.
你可以信任这个人，他决不会让你失望的。
believe it or not 信不信由你
make believe 假装
believe sb./sth. to be... 认为某人/某物……
It is believed that... (＝People believe that...)
人们相信/认为……
He made believe not to hear me.
他假装没听到我的声音。
I believe you/what you say.我相信你所说的。
It is believed that he will win the competition.
人们认为他会赢得比赛。
I asked my boss for a month's holiday, believe it or not, he agreed！我向老板请一个月的假，信不信由你，他居然同意了。
[易混比较]　believe表示相信某人的话、相信某事等。
believe in表示相信某人或某事物的存在，依赖、信任某人。
I believe in you, so I believe what you said.
我信任你，因此我相信你说的话。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The film is believed ________ (be) instructive and full of emotion.
②It is believed ________ today's children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar...
完成句子
③他相信说出自己的想法是对的。
He ______________ saying what he thinks.
④相信自己，否则你永远不会成功。
____________________， or you will never succeed.
⑤他在楼上做功课，信不信由你。
He's upstairs doing his homework, ________________________．
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It will take a few more years to ________ (判断) the impact of these impressive ideas.
2．Within the Department of Justice are several drug fighting agencies. The lead agency in this ________ (方面) is the DEA.
3．Organisers expect up to 300，000 protesters to join in the ________ (游行示威).
4．The influence of climate on crops is ________ (不证自明的).
5．The building work will go ahead, despite ________ (抗议) from local residents.
6．Racial ________ (歧视) is abhorrent to my council and our staff.
7．I admired her ________ (独立) and bravery.
8．The farmers staged a noisy but ________ (和平的) protest outside the headquarters of the organisation.
9．If a poet is divorced from the hustle of life, he can't write ________ (鼓舞人心的) poetry.
10．Looking still ________ (进一步) ahead, by the end of the next century the world population is expected to be about ten billion.
Ⅱ.短语填空
believe in, pick out, give up, the other day, put sb. in prison, have an impression that, judging from/by
1．I have been ____________ to represent the whole team.
2．The student may show signs of feeling the strain of responsibility and she may ____________．
3．The tragedy made her question everything she ____________．
4．I called her ________ and she said she'd like to come over.
5．I ____________ I left it on the train.
6．____________ her accent, she is a southerner.
7．Petty committed a serious crime and ____________．
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
A
1．He has attempted to find a ________ (peace) solution to the Ossetian conflict.
2．I am not satisfied with your explanation and intend to take the matter ________ (far).
3．I want him to respect me ________ a career woman.
4．Don't you believe ________ equality between men and women
5．The price is dependent ________ how many extras you choose.
B
1．[2020·浙江二考]A few characters are used to create a single ________ (impress) growing out of the theme.
2．But can uniforms help improve school standards The answer ________ this question is not clear.
3．[2020·全国Ⅲ卷]Highlights (精彩之处) include China's most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzhou's rolling hills, waterways and ________ (peace) temples.
4．Apparently, blindly following others' advice will affect our own ________ (judge).
5．Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, ________ (independent), confidence and competence—the underpinnings (基础) of emotional health.
6．[2022·全国甲卷]________ (inspire) by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation held in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．他们打算继续前进解放这座城市。
They planned to ____________________ and liberate the city.
2．真是太糟糕了！我所有的努力都白费了。
________________________！ All my efforts turned out to be in vain.
3．英格兰队必须拿下这场比赛才能确保获得世界杯的参赛资格。
England must win this game to ________________________ qualifying for the World Cup.
4．这种即将到来的救助不会对可怕的死亡率造成立竿见影的影响。
The type of aid coming in __________________________ the horrific death rates.
5．我们判断我们与其他人相同或不同的程度。
We judge the extent to which we are ________________________ or different from others.
6．如果不是因为前几天他的邀请，我现在就不会在这里了。
If it had not been for his invitation ____________________________， I should not be here now.
Section C　Lesson 2　History Makers
新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．protest　2.march　3.bar　4.skin　5.witness
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．independence; independent　2.peaceful　3.racial
4．inspiring　5.impressive　6.respectful　7.judgement
8．self evident　9.discrimination
Ⅲ.重点短语
A
1．挑选；辨认出　2.组织和平抗议　3.遭受种族歧视
4．著名而鼓舞人心的演讲　5.被关进监狱　6.不久前某一天
7．网上的信息　8.作一个简短的介绍
B
1．fight for equal rights and justice　2.win/receive the Nobel Peace Prize　3.What a shame！　4.there's no doubt that...
5．become an independent country
核心探究·讲练互动
第一版块|核心单词
1．①independence　②from　③dependence　④on/upon
⑤more independent　⑥of
2．①peaceful　②peacefully　③at　④in
3．①a　②against　③under　④without　⑤from　⑥in protest at/against　⑦protest at/against/about/over
4．①against　②discrimination　③be discriminated
④without　⑤between　⑥showed great discrimination in
⑦discriminate against anyone
5．①most inspiring　②inspired　③to join　④was inspired　⑤inspiration　⑥an　⑦from　⑧with　⑨inspiring
6．①behind　②was barred　③from　④动词，阻拦，禁止
⑤名词，阻碍　⑥名词，铁栅　⑦bar women from the club
⑧A bar of chocolate
7．①further　②farther　③动词，促进　④副词，进一步地　⑤形容词，更多的　⑥take further action
8．①on　②along　③on　④marched　⑤to march on
⑥marched up and down　⑦go on a march
9．①by/from　②Judging　③be judged　④judgement　⑤as
⑥on/about　⑦In　⑧动词，判断　⑨名词，鉴赏家
10．①impression　②impressive　③on/upon　④more impressively　⑤with/by　⑥was impressed　⑦on/upon
⑧impressed on me the value　⑨It impressed me that
11．①respected　②for　③respectively　④respective　⑤for
⑥respectable　⑦respectful　⑧Out of respect for　⑨with respect to/in respect of　⑩are respectful of
第二版块|重要短语
1．①out　②up　③on　④turned　⑤look　⑥run
⑦working　⑧make　⑨picked
2．①the　②after　③in　④by　⑤all day (long)　⑥every other day/every second day/every two days　⑦to this day
3．①gave up　②give up　③gave up what　④given away　to　⑤gave off　⑥gave out
4．①to be　②that　③believes in　④Believe in yourself
⑤believe it or not
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．judge　2.respect　3.march　4.self evident　5.protests　6.discrimination　7.independence　8.peaceful　9.inspiring　10.further
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．picked out　2.give up　3.believed in　4.the other day　
5．have an impression that　6.Judging from/by　7.was put in prison
Ⅲ.单句语法填空A
1．peaceful　2.further　3.as　4.in　5.on/upon
B
1．答案与解析：impression　用名词作宾语。句意：利用几个角色来创造一个从主题中归纳出来的单一印象。
2．答案与解析：to　句意：但是校服能帮助提高学校的标准吗？这个问题的答案不清楚 。
3．答案与解析：peaceful　用形容词作定语。句意：亮点包括中国最神圣的泰山山峰和杭州起伏的丘陵、水路和宁静的寺庙。
4．答案与解析：judgement　空格前有our own修饰，故填名词。
5．答案与解析：independence　空格前后都是名词，所以此处也填名词。
6．答案与解析：Inspired　由于句子主语Cao与inspire是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作状语。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹晟康决定徒步穿越这条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．march on　2.What a shame　3.be sure of　4.makes no immediate impression on　5.the same as　6.the other day(共133张PPT)
Section D　Lesson 3　
The Superhero Behind Superman
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．____________ n. 提倡者；拥护者；鼓吹者
v. 拥护；支持；提倡
2．____________ vi. & vt. 突然发生(某种不幸)；突然有坏的影响；打，击
3．____________ n. 机会；时机
4．____________ vt. 着手做，承担
5．____________ n. 名誉；名望
6．____________ n. 看法，态度
7．____________ adj. 强烈的，剧烈的
8．____________ n. 传记
advocate
strike　
opportunity
undertake
reputation
attitude
intense
biography
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．aware adj.意识到的→_________ n．认识；意识
2．organise v．组织→0__________ n．组织；团体；机构
3．move v．(使)改变位置，移动→________ n．运动，动作，活动
4．depress v．使抑郁；使沮丧；使消沉→________ n.忧郁，沮丧，消沉；抑郁症
5．commit v．承诺，保证→________ n．投入，忠诚，奉献；承诺
6．horror n．令人惊恐的事→________ adj.令人震惊的；恐怖的→horrify vt.恐吓，惊吓
7．regard vt.认为，看作→________ prep.关于；至于
awareness　
organisation　
movement　
depression　
commitment　
horrible　
regarding　
8．novel n．小说→________ n．小说家
9．journal n．杂志；日志→________ n．新闻工作者
10．passion n．强烈的爱好，热爱；激情→________ adj.热诚的，狂热的
11．design vt.计划，设计→________ n．设计者
12．energy n．精力；活力→________ adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的
13．disable v．使丧失能力；使伤残→________ n．伤残，残障，障碍→ability n．能力
14．night＋mare→________ n．噩梦，梦魇
novelist
journalist　
passionate　
designer　
energetic
disability　
nightmare
Ⅲ.重点短语(英汉互译)
A 写出下列短语的汉意
1．be regarded as ________________
2．one's passion in doing sth. ________________
3．star in ________________
4．act on stage ________________
5．try out for ________________
6．feel like＋从句 ________________
7．be trapped in ________________
8．fall into a depression ________________
被认为，被看作
某人热衷于做某事
主演；在……中担任主角
在舞台上表演
参加……选拔
感觉好像……
受困于……
陷入抑郁状态
9．due to ________________
10．focus one's attention on ________________
11．in support of ________________
12．be based on ________________
13．be stuck in ________________
14．be sensitive to ________________
15．work with organisations ________________
由于，因为
把注意力集中于……
支持
以……为基础
受困于
对……敏感
和组织合作
B 写出下列汉语所对应的英语短语
1．___________________ 做某事的机会
2．________________ 因为……而获得名誉
3．________________ 提高对……的认识
4．________________ 畅谈
5．________________ 把……从……抛下来
6．_________________________ 力量和使命感
7．_____________________________ 开始高强度的运动计划
8．________________ 参加；进行
the opportunity to do sth.
gain a reputation for
raise awareness for
speak out about
throw...off...　
a sense of energy and commitment
undertake an intense exercise programme
engage in　
9．________________ 旨在做某事
10．_________________________ 一个热情而积极的支持者
11．________________ 积极乐观的态度
12．________________ 去世
13．________________ 作为……被铭记
14．________________ 记录……
15．________________ 现实生活中的超级英雄
(be) designed to do sth.
a passionate and energetic advocate　
a positive attitude
pass away
be remembered as
take notes of
a superhero in real life
Ⅰ.课文思维导图
Ⅱ.课文阅读理解
1．What's the text mainly about
A.The Superman films.
B.A terrible disaster.
C.Christopher Reeve—a superhero in films and in real life.
D.Christopher Reeve—a man devoted to public welfare work.
C
2．What did Reeve do after he became famous for the role Superman
A.He took care of the homeless.
B.He raised awareness for good causes.
C.He protected wild animals.
D.He adopted some poor children.
B
3．What happened to Reeve in 1995
A.He lost his eyesight.
B.He injured his leg.
C.He was injured in a traffic accident.
D.He broke his neck after falling off the horse.
D
4．What made him have the will to live again
A.The medical research.
B.His public welfare work.
C.The ongoing support of his fans.
D.The ongoing support of his wife, parents and friends.
D
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Christopher Reeve is not only known as a superhero in the Superman films, but also he 1.________ (regard) as a superhero to many in real life.
Reeve had passion in acting and starred in his first school play at the age of eight. Later, he was given the lead role in a Superman film. Reeve starred in four Superman films from 1978 to 1987. He gained a reputation for raising 2.________ (aware) for good causes. He spoke out about health, education and child protection to help those most 3.________ need.
Unfortunately, in 1995 disaster 4.________ (strike) Reeve. He was thrown off his horse and broke his neck. His injuries were 5.________ severe that his doctors didn't believe he would survive. He even thought of ending his own life. It was only due to the ongoing support of his wife, parents and friends 6.________ he eventually found the will to live again.
is regarded
awareness
in
struck　
so
that
After hard training, Reeve managed 7.________ (return) to his film career by directing, producing and even starring in films. He became a passionate and 8.________ (energy) advocate for people with back injuries and disabilities, 9.________ (raise) millions of dollars in support of medical research. Many people who were stuck in illness were inspired by his positive attitude.
10.______ (sad), Reeve died on 10 October, 2004. He will always be remembered as a superhero—in more ways than one.
to return
energetic
raising
Sadly
第一版块|核心单词
1)regard vt.认为，看作　n．尊重，敬佩；关注；[常pl.]问候；致意
(1)vt.认为，看作
regard...as 把……看作……
be regarded as... 被认为/被看作……
I regard creativity both as a gift and as a skill.
我认为创造力既是一种天赋也是一种技巧。
Though he is regarded as one of the best students in the class, he is still very modest.
虽然他被认为是班上最优秀的学生之一，但是他仍然非常谦虚。
(2)n.尊重，敬佩；关注；[常pl.]问候；致意
have regard for 重视；敬佩
hold...in high regard 高度重视；非常尊敬
give one's regards to... 代某人向……问候
as regards 关于，至于
with/in regard to 关于；至于
without regard to 不考虑；不顾及
in this/that regard 在这/那点上
I had great regard for his abilities.
我非常敬佩他的能力。
Give my regards to your parents.
代我向你的父母问好。
With regard to the party on July 1st, I shall be pleased to attend.关于7月1日的聚会，我很高兴参加。
You need't worry as regards the cost of the operation.
你无需担心手术的费用。

[拓展]
regarding prep.关于；至于
She has said nothing regarding your request.关于你的要求，她什么也没说。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①________ (regard) air pollution, we still have a long way to go.
②I have great regard ________ him and what he has achieved.
③When you go home, please give my ________ (regard) to your parents.
④________ regard to the space exploration, we have something to say.
⑤I have little information ________ regards her fitness for the post.
⑥He __________ (regard) as the most successful president of modern times.
⑦He was driving ________ regard to speed limits.
写出句中regard的词性及含义
⑧He held her in high regard.____________
⑨We regard labour as a matter of honour.____________
Regarding
for
regards
With/In
as
was regarded
without
名词，尊重
动词，看作
2)passion n．强烈的爱好，热爱；激情
(教材原句)He found his passion in acting and starred in his first school play at the age of eight.他发现自己热衷于表演，并在八岁时第一次在学校的戏剧中担任主角。
with passion 带有强烈情感地/充满激情地
be filled with/be full of passion 充满激情
have a passion for... 酷爱……
one's passion in... 某人在……方面的热情
arouse one's passion 唤起某人的激情
express one's passion in sth. through...
通过……表达对某事的热情
Whatever you decide to do, do it with passion and all the energy that you have.
无论你决定做什么，都需要投入所有的热忱和能量。
The artist was full of passion when he created his works.
这位艺术家在创作时充满了激情。
We are really interested in the subject and have a passion for it.我们对该科目很感兴趣，而且对它充满热情。
The dancer expressed his passion in dancing through the performance.
这位舞蹈演员在整个表演中以舞蹈表达了他的热情。
[拓展]　passionate adj.具有强烈信念的；热爱的，酷爱的
passionately adv.热情地，强烈地
a passionate speech激情的演讲
a passionate interest in music对音乐的浓厚兴趣
He is very passionate about the project.
他对这个项目非常热诚。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①We are glad to have an English teacher with full passion ________ helping our study.
②The real me is a person ________ passion, dream, and like to help people.
③One should always be full ________ passion in his life no matter how old he is.
④If you have a passion ________ football, watch matches or the sports news.
⑤He is passionate ________ sport, most of which leaves her cold.
⑥I admire his ________ (passion) belief in what he is doing.
in
with　
of
for
about
passionate
完成句子
⑦Great speakers ______________ (对……有激情) what they're expressing.
have a passion for
3)opportunity n．机会；时机
(教材原句)He realised that his roles in these films had given him the opportunity to be a real- life superman...
他意识到自己在这些电影中的角色给了他在现实生活中成为超人的机会……
give sb. an opportunity 给某人一个机会
take advantage of the opportunity to do sth.
利用机会做某事
an opportunity in a million 千载难逢的机会
I have an opportunity to go to New York and study.
我有一个去纽约学习的机会。
I'm glad that I have the opportunity to help the expert．
我很高兴有机会帮助这位专家。(不定式短语作后置定语，修饰the opportunity)
It's an opportunity in a million, and we shouldn't waste it.这个机会千载难逢，我们万万不可浪费。
I'd like to take this opportunity to thank my colleagues for their support.我谨借此机会感谢同事们的支持。

[拓展]　the opportunity to do/of doing sth.做某事的机会
have/grasp/seize/take an opportunity
有/抓住/抓住/利用机会
miss/lose/waste an opportunity
错过/失去/浪费机会
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I had ________ opportunity to go to New York and study, but I missed.
②Our company provides equal __________ (opportunity) for females.
③As far as I'm concerned, everyone should have the opportunity ________ (get) a good education.
完成句子
④Now that you ________________ (错过这个机会), it's no use crying.
an
opportunities
to get
miss the opportunity
4)journalist n．新闻工作者　journal n．日记；杂志；定期刊物　journalism n．新闻业
a scientific/trade journal 科学/行业杂志
keep a journal of... 记录；将……记录下来
keep a journal of what happened 记录所发生的事
keep a journal of one's travels across Asia
把某人的亚洲之行记录下来
He was a renowned journalist and a very fine man.
他是个有名的记者，也是个品德很高尚的人。
The journalist kept a journal of what he had experienced in that country.这位记者记录下了他在那个国家经历的一切。
[拓展]
keep a journal (＝keep a diary)写日记
表达“写日记”，用keep，不可以用write
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①You'd better keep a journal ________ what you do through out the day.
②Keep a journal ________ your daily reactions to your job situation and look for reoccuring themes.
完成句子
③根据一本医学杂志上的证据综述，跑步者比非跑步者寿命长三年。
According to a review of evidence in a _____________， runners live three years longer than non- runners.
of
of
medical journal
5)reputation n．名誉；名望
(教材原句)．..he soon gained a reputation for raising awareness for good causes.
……他很快就因提高人们对慈善事业的认识而获得了声誉。
have a good/bad reputation 有好/坏名声
have a reputation for... 因……而有名声
have a reputation as... 作为……著称
win/earn/gain/acquire a reputation 赢得/获得声誉
enhance one's reputation 提高某人的声誉
damage/destroy/ruin one's reputation 损害/败坏/毁掉某人的声誉
enjoy a reputation 享有声誉
establish a reputation 确立声誉
build/develop a reputation 树立名声
with a long standing reputation 久享盛名；久负盛名
The artist's reputation had made him proud.
这位艺术家的名声使他感到骄傲。
He had a very good reputation in the industry.
他在业内有很好的声誉。
Jack has a reputation for studying hard.
杰克刻苦学习是出了名的。
He earned a reputation as an entertaining speaker.
他赢得了娱乐演讲家的声誉。

[拓展]
by reputation听说；耳闻
live up to one's reputation名副其实
The weather in England is living up to its reputation．
英格兰的天气真是名副其实。
She was by reputation a good organiser.听说她的组织能力很强。
But I know you by reputation, Dr. Li.但我已经久仰您的大名了，李博士。
reputation可用于人或事物，而fame(声誉)仅用于人
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He built up ________ reputation as a tough businessman.
②The restaurant has a reputation ________ its excellent service.
③He earned a reputation ________ an expert on tax law.
完成句子
④Companies must ______________ (赢得声誉) for honesty.
⑤The beauty of the West Lake __________________ (名副其实).
⑥Alice Munro ______________ (有……的名声) being a very depressing writer.
a
for
as
earn a reputation
lives up to its reputation
has a reputation for
6)awareness n．认识；意识
environmental awareness 环境意识
raise/increase/promote public awareness of...
提高/增强/促进公众对……的意识
aware adj. 意识到的，察觉到的
be/become aware of 意识到……
be/become aware＋that从句 意识到……
so/as far as I am aware 据我所知
as you are aware 如你所知
During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.在此期间，环境意识的提高使它成为可取的。
The aim of the movement is to raise awareness of the danger of smoking.
这项运动的目的是提高人们对吸烟危害的认识。
Young people are very environmentally aware.
年轻人的环保意识很强。
Smokers are well aware of the dangers to their own health.吸烟的人都知道吸烟对自身健康的危害。
As far as I'm aware, nobody has done anything about it.
据我所知，尚无人对此采取任何措施。
[拓展]
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①________ awareness of the importance of eating a healthy diet is beneficial.
②Public ________ (aware) of the problem will make politicians take it seriously.
③There was not enough education about how to be aware ________ the threat of the animals on the island.
④People should be aware ________ climate change is no joke.
完成句子
⑤_____________ (如你所知), this is not a new problem.
⑥They suddenly _____________ (意识到) people looking at them.
An
awareness
of
that
As you're aware
became aware of
7)organisation n．组织；团体；机构；筹备工作
(教材原句)He visited sick children in hospitals and worked with organisations such as Save the Children...他去看望医院的患病儿童，并与“拯救儿童”等组织合作……
(1)n.组织；团体；机构(＝organization)
a business/political/voluntary organisation
一个商业/政治/志愿机构
World Health Organisation 世界卫生组织
the World Trade Organisation 世界贸易组织
an international organisation 国际组织
work for a business organisation 为一个商业机构工作
start/set up an organisation 创立一个组织
join an organisation 加入一个组织
He's the president of a large international organisation.
他是一个大型国际组织的主席。
I leave most of the organisation of these conferences to my assistant.我把这些会议的大部分筹备工作留给我的助手。
(2)organise vt.组织；安排　organised adj.有组织的；有条理的
well/badly organised 组织良好的/很糟的
organise a meeting/party/trip 筹备会议/聚会/旅行
an organised person 一个有条理的人
a well- organised office 一间井然有序的办公室
a carefully organised campaign 一场精心策划的运动
Modern computers can organise large amounts of data very quickly.现代计算机能非常迅速地处理大量的数据。
I'll invite people if you can organise food and drinks.
如果你能备办饮食，我就邀请人。
She's not a very organised person and she always arrives late at meetings.她不是一个很有条理的人，开会总是迟到。
[拓展]　organiser n．组织者，安排者
She was by reputation a good organiser.
久闻她是个出色的组织者。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Most of the food for the homeless is provided by voluntary _________ (organise).
②So far as I know, it's ________ organisation that provides information for shoppers.
③We do not fully understand how the brain ________ (organise).
④He has a lot of good qualities but being ________ (organise) isn't one of them.
⑤There aren't enough seats for all the guests—I must tell the ______________ (organise).
organisations
an
is organised
organised
organiser/organisers
完成句子
⑥He didn't want to be involved in __________________________ (会议的筹备).
⑦In the end, we all decided to _______________ (组织一场音乐会) for him.
the organisation of/for the conference
organise a concert
8)strike vi. & vt. (struck, struck)突然发生(某种不幸)；打，击，撞击；(使)突然想到，猛然意识到；擦，划(火柴)；敲，鸣，报时　n．袭击，罢工
(教材原句)Unfortunately, in 1995 disaster struck Reeve.
不幸的是，1995年，灾难降临在里夫身上。
strike ten 钟敲十点
be struck by lightning 被闪电击中
strike a match 划火柴
an air strike 空袭
Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。
strike sb.＋介词＋the＋表示身体部位的名词 击打某人的……
strike sb. on the head 击中某人的头
be struck with/by... 被……打动；对……有深刻的印象
strike...into one's heart 使某人对……刻骨铭心
be/go on strike (n.) 在罢工
Sth. strikes sb./It strikes sb. that... 某人突然想到……
Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods.
上个月，东南亚部分地区遭受洪灾。
He struck the table with his fist.他用拳头击打桌子。
The child ran into the road and was struck by a car.
那个孩子跑到公路上被汽车撞了。
The film struck friendship into my heart.
这部电影使我对友情刻骨铭心。
This combination of healing myself and healing the world struck me as the perfect solution.
这种治愈自己和治愈世界的结合让我觉得是完美的解决方案。
It suddenly struck me that we could improve the situation in this way.我突然想到我们可以用这种方式来改善局面。
The coal miners have been out on strike for several weeks.煤矿工人已罢工了几个星期。
These damp matches won't strike.这些湿火柴划不着。
The huge clock of the Customs House strikes the hour.
海关的大钟整点报时。
10.He was in low spirits after that strike.
那次打击之后，他情绪低落。
11.An awful thought has just struck me.
刚才我脑子里突然闪过一个可怕的念头。
[拓展]　stricken adj.受灾的；患病的；受苦的
Food is being shipped to drought- stricken areas.
食物正被运送到遭受旱灾的地区。
striking adj.惊人的；显著的；引人注目的
He's good- looking, but he's not as striking as his brother.他长得很帅，但不像他哥哥那么引人注目。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The disease has ________ (strike) the whole community, sometimes wiping out the whole families.
②She raised her ________ (strike) face and begged for help.
③One of his ____________ (strike) features is that he is very tall.
④________ (strike) by the beauty of the West Lake, she wanted to stay here for another week.
⑤________ struck me that we might have made the wrong decision.
⑥What he said struck terror ________ my heart.
⑦There is something in their minds which strikes one ________ not quite right.
struck
stricken
(most) striking
Struck
It
into
as
写出句中strike的词性及含义
⑧The strike has delivered a heavy blow to the management.____________
⑨It suddenly struck me that we ought to make a new plan.____________
⑩Don't strike a match if you smell gas.____________
Strike while the iron is hot.____________
完成句子
________________________ (我忽然想起) she had come to borrow money.
名词，罢工
动词，忽然想到
动词，划(火柴)
动词，敲击
It struck/hit/occurred to me that
9)severe adj.很严重的，极为恶劣的；严厉的；剧烈的
(教材原句)His injuries were so severe that he had no movement or feeling in his body at all...
他的伤势非常严重，身体完全丧失了运动能力和知觉……
be severe with/on sb. 对某人严厉
be severe on/with oneself 严于律己
severe weather 恶劣天气
severe illness 严重的疾病
a severe look 严肃的神情
a severe punishment 重罚
a severe winter 严冬
severe losses 惨败；严重的损失
severe injuries 严重的伤势
severe economic problems 严重的经济问题
severe criticism 严厉的批评
A severe storm turned the small village down to ground.
一场猛烈的暴风雨把小村庄夷为平地。
She was a severe woman who seldom smiled.
她是个严肃的女人，脸上很少出现笑容。
When the earthquake came, the house had a severe quake.地震到来时，房子一阵剧烈颤动。
The courts are becoming more severe on young offenders.
法庭对青少年犯罪者的处罚趋于严厉。
Be severe on/with oneself and lenient towards others.
严于律己，宽以待人。
The storm caused severe damage.
这场暴风雨造成了严重的破坏。
[拓展]　
severely adv.严重地；严厉地；严肃地
be severely disabled/damaged
严重残疾的/受损的
a severely polluted lake严重污染的湖
Anyone breaking the law will be severely punished.违法者将受到严惩。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Some young men left the company because the CEO was very severe ________ them.
②The UN wants to send food aid to 10 countries in Africa ________ (severe) affected by the drought.
③In my opinion, she is too severe with ________ (she).
完成句子
④The couple used to ________________ (对……很严厉) their kids.
⑤The party ________________ (遭到惨败) during the last election.
⑥You will make it so long as you ________________ (对自己严格).
with/on
severely
herself
be very severe with
suffered severe losses
are severe on yourself
10)movement n．运动，动作，活动
graceful/smooth movements 优雅的/流畅的动作
a slight movement 细微的动作
a quick movement 快速的动作
hand/eye movements 手/眼睛的活动
freedom of movement 行动自由
Our movement is rooted in the hearts of the people.
我们的运动在人民的心中根深蒂固。
Loose clothing gives you greater freedom of movement.
衣服宽松，可以活动自如。
They actually monitor the movement of the fish going up river.他们实际上在监测鱼类迁往上游的活动。
move v. 移动；迁移，搬家；使感动
movable adj. 可移动/活动的
move about/around 四处走动；经常搬动
move on 往前走，继续前进；出发
move sb. to tears 使某人感动得流泪
make a move 采取行动；离开；出发
move house/home 搬家
move to... 搬家到……
move away 搬走
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners.我看着大卫和其他选手一起走到起跑线上。
They've just moved and they're not on the telephone yet.
他们刚搬家，还没接通电话。
He stood up and began to move around the room.
他起身并开始在屋里来回走动。
It was such a sad film that it moved him to tears.
这是一部如此悲伤的电影，使他感动得流下了眼泪。
[拓展]
the women's/peace movement妇女/和平运动
a movement for/against...支持/反对……的运动
the civil- rights movement民权运动
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①If you did so, you would lose the ________ (move) of the knee.
②She said that she was deeply ________ (move) by all the letters she had received.
③Let's stay here tonight, and then move ________ tomorrow morning.
④He became very ill and it was difficult for him to even move ____________．
⑤Above the swimming pool is a ________ (move) roof with skylights.
⑥When I was a little girl, my family ________ (move) to a tiny town at the bottom of a big mountain.
movement
moved
on
about/around
movable
moved
完成句子
⑦After supper the old man planned to ________________ (四处走走) on the square.
⑧I ________________ (被感动得落泪) when seeing the moving passage.
move about/around
was moved to tears
11)depression n．忧郁，沮丧，消沉；抑郁症；萧条期，不景气
(教材原句)He fell into a depression which lasted for many months.他陷入了持续数月的抑郁状态。
fall into (a) depression 陷入忧郁中
get into a state of depression 变得消沉/抑郁
suffer from depression 患抑郁症
be in deep depression 极度消沉
economic depression 经济萧条
business depression 商业不景气
experience a great depression 经历大萧条时期
There was a feeling of depression in the office when the news of the job cuts was announced.
裁员消息宣布时办公室里一片沮丧的气氛。
She suffered from severe depression after losing her job.
她失业后患了严重的抑郁症。
The country was in the period of economic depression then.当时国家正处于经济萧条时期。
depress vt. 使抑郁，使沮丧，使消沉；使萧条
depress sb. 使某人心情抑郁/沮丧
depress business activity 使经济活动萧条
depress the central nervous system 抑制中枢神经系统
depressed adj. 抑郁的，沮丧的；萧条的
feel/look depressed 感到/看上去没精打采的
She felt very depressed about the future.她感到前途无望。
It depresses me that nobody seems to care.
似乎没有人在乎，这让我感到很沮丧。
The threat of war has depressed business activity.
战争的威胁使经济活动萧条。
[拓展]　depressing adj.令人沮丧的
depressing news令人沮丧的消息
Looking for a job these days can be very depressing.
如今求职有时会令人非常沮丧。
a depressed basin盆地
depressed areas of the country
国内经济不景气的地区
be/feel depressed about对……感到沮丧
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①If you suffer from ________ (depress), it's best to get professional help.
②I am not an outgoing girl and wet weather always ________ (depress) me.
③She's been very ________ (depress) and upset about the whole situation.
④It's ________ (depress) to think that it will soon be winter.
⑤He seemed a bit depressed ________ his work situation.
完成句子
⑥When the business __________ (萧条), there is usually an increase in unemployment.
⑦He is always ________________ (情绪低落).
depression
depresses
depressed
depressing
about
is depressed
in a state of depression
12)commitment n．投入，忠诚，奉献；承诺
(教材原句)With a new sense of energy and commitment, Reeve undertook an intense exercise programme to help him achieve this goal.为了达成目标，里夫凭借一种新的力量和使命感，开始了高强度的运动计划。
commitment to (doing) sth. (做)……的承诺
make a commitment to (do) sth. 对(做)某事作出承诺
honour/fulfil/meet a commitment 信守诺言
a sense of commitment 一种责任感
A career as a teacher requires one hundred percent commitment.做老师这一行需要百分之百的投入。
We have made a commitment to help, and we will.
我们已经答应帮忙了，就一定会做到的。
They are looking for someone with a real sense of commitment to the job.
他们正在找一个对这一工作真正有责任感的人。
commit v. 投入；使承诺；犯(罪)，犯(错误)
committed adj. 坚定的；忠实的
commit oneself to doing sth. 承诺做某事
commit an error 犯错
commit a crime 犯罪
commit murder/suicide 犯谋杀罪/自杀
be committed to (doing) sth. 致力于/承诺(做)某事
He commits an hour to reading the newspaper every morning.他每天早上抽出一小时读报。
The president is committed to reforming health care.
总统承诺要改革医疗保健制度。
There is no doubt that he is a committed reformer.
毫无疑问，他是一位坚定的改革者。

[联想拓展]　“答应/许诺做某事”的多种表达法：
make a commitment to do sth.
promise to do sth.
make a promise to do sth.
agree to do sth.
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I was impressed by the energy and ________ (commit) shown by the players.
②I made a commitment to him ________ (pay) all of the debts.
③Both sides committed themselves to ________ (settle) the dispute peacefully.
④The council has ________ (commit) large amounts of money to housing projects.
⑤The government __________ (commit) to promoting the development and use of public transportation.
⑥I must go. I have committed myself ________ the club tonight and the members are expecting me.
commitment
to pay
settling
committed
is committed
to
完成句子
⑦Despite some unpleasantness, we ________________________ (作出承诺) to keep working together.
⑧I would advise people to think very carefully about __________________________ (答应工作) on Sundays.
have made/made a commitment
committing themselves to working
13)undertake vt. (undertook, undertaken)着手做，承担；从事；承诺，允诺，答应
undertake the responsibility for... 承担起……的责任
undertake a task/project 承担一个任务/项目
undertake research 从事研究工作
undertake an investigation 进行调查
undertake to do sth.(＝promise to do sth.)
承诺/答应做某事
I repeat that we cannot undertake the task.
我再说一遍，我们不能承担这项任务。
I want you to undertake all the responsibility.
我要你承担所有的责任。
The company has announced that it will undertake a full investigation into the matter.
该公司已宣布将对此事进行全面调查。
In other words, they have undertaken to provide us with the latest equipment.
换句话说，他们已经答应为我们提供最新设备。
[拓展]
undertake not to do sth.答应不做某事
undertake that...答应……
I can undertake that you will enjoy the play.我保证你会喜欢这个剧。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He undertook ________ (finish) the job by Friday.
②This is one of the largest aid projects ever ________ (undertake).
完成句子
③The young couple ______________________ (承担起……的责任) bringing the child up.
④This is one of the most challenging projects ______________________ (我从事过的).
to finish
undertaken
undertook the responsibility for
that I have ever undertaken
14)intense adj.强烈的，剧烈的；有强烈感情的，热切的；紧张的　intensely adv.剧烈地，极度地；热切地
intense pain 强烈的疼痛；剧痛
intense heat/cold/hatred 酷热/严寒/痛恨
take an intense interest in... 对……很感兴趣
under intense pressure 承受着沉重的压力
Now he felt intense dissatisfaction.
现在他感到强烈的不满。
The patient has an intense will to recover.
那个病人热切地希望恢复健康。
My work is so intense that I even have no time to take a rest.我的工作非常紧张，以至于我甚至没有时间休息。
I found the story intensely moving.
我觉得这个故事非常感人。
I was intensely curious to know more about him.
我迫不及待地想更多地了解他的情况。
[拓展]
intense competition激烈的竞争
intense interest/pleasure/desire/anger
浓厚的兴趣/十分快乐/强烈的欲望/极度愤怒
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①________ intense debate is going on within the government.
②The little girl is ________ (intense) afraid of thunder.
写出句中intense的含义
③He felt an intense pain in his leg.________
④She's a very intense person who cares deeply about everything.________
⑤She gradually got used to the intense work as a doctor.________
An
intensely
剧烈的
热情的
紧张的
15)engage v．(使)参加，(使)参与；雇用，聘请
(教材原句)He engaged in a wide range of exercises designed to rebuild muscle, and made remarkable progress.
他参加了一系列广泛的旨在重建肌肉的锻炼，并取得了显著的进步。
engage sb. to sb. else 使某人与某人订婚；把某人许给某人
engage oneself in 从事于；忙于
engage sb. in (doing) sth. 使某人参与(做)某事
engage to do sth. 保证做某事
engage oneself to do sth. 某人答应做某事
engage sb. as... 聘任某人为……
You can engage in an argument respectfully without stirring up anger.
你可以有礼貌地进行争论，而不会激起愤怒。
The old man engaged his daughter to John.
老头儿把女儿许给了约翰。
The restaurant decided to engage a pop singer.
餐馆决定雇用一名流行歌手。
The company had engaged to finish the building by May.
公司保证大楼在5月份完工。
I got myself engaged in preparing for the College Entrance Examination.我紧张地准备高考。
Our department has engaged a foreign teacher as phonetic adviser.我们系已经聘请了一位外籍老师作为语音顾问。
engaged adj. 忙于……的；已订婚的；(电话)占线的
engagement n. 订婚，约定；雇用，聘用
be/get/become engaged on/in (doing) sth.
忙于/从事(做)某事
be/get/become engaged to... 与……订婚
an engaged couple 已订婚的一对情侣
an engagement party 订婚宴会
He is now engaged on his second novel.
他正埋头写他的第二部小说。
They were engaged in conversation.他们正谈得来劲。
Tom and Mary are engaged.汤姆和玛丽订婚了。
10.When did they get engaged to each other
他们什么时候订婚的？
11.Their engagement was announced in the local paper.
他们订婚的消息已在当地报纸上公布。
[拓展]　engage sb.'s interest/attention吸引某人的兴趣/注意力
engage sb. in conversation开始与某人攀谈
engage sb. to do sth.聘请某人做某事
engage with sb./sth.与某人/某事物建立密切关系
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Only 10% of American adults engage ________ exercise.
②The programme aims to encourage students to engage themselves in ________ (make) a difference in society.
③He has a number of social __________ (engage) next week.
④I can't come to dinner on Tuesday—I'm otherwise ________ (engage).
⑤Last week, Mary got engaged ________ Tom.
in
making
engagements
engaged
to
⑥The line is ________ (engage), so I have to ring him up later.
⑦When Henry was at university, he was engaged ________ many social activities.
⑧I tried the number again, but got ________ engaged tone.
⑨She engaged ________ (she) to attend the meeting.
⑩He engaged himself ________ (pay) back the money.
engaged
in
an
herself
to pay
写出句中engage的含义
He is now engaged as a lawyer.____________
Those who engage in mental work are also workers.____________
He was engaged to be married to her.____________
Our company engages some women to do cleaning.____________
聘请
参与
订婚
雇用
16)design vt.计划，设计　n．设计，图案，构思；目的，打算，意图　designer n．设计者，设计师
design a car/a dress/an office 设计汽车/连衣裙/办公室
design... for... 为……设计……
be designed for... 为……而设计
be designed to do sth. 为了做某事而设计；旨在做某事
be designed as... 打算做……用
by design (＝on purpose) 故意地
by chance＝by accident 意外地
The method is specifically designed for use in small groups.这方法是专为小组活动设计的。
The route was designed to relieve the heavy traffic.
这条路线是为了缓解繁忙的交通而设计的。
The course is designed as an introduction to the subject.
这门课程是作为该科目的入门课而开设的。
The basic design of the car is very similar to that of earlier models.这种汽车的基本设计与早期的样式非常相似。
I don't know whether they did it by accident or by design.我不知道他们这样做是偶然的，还是故意的。
I hope I'll work in a computer company as a program designer.我希望自己在一家电脑公司当一名程序设计师。
[知识积累]
well/badly designed设计良好/糟糕的
specially designed software专门设计的软件
the design and development of new products
新产品的设计和开发
a bowl with floral designs有花卉图案的碗
a fashion/jewellery designer时装/珠宝设计师

[一言助记]　The Amber Room designed by the best designers in the country was very wonderful in design, whose design was in fancy style.
由全国最好的设计师设计的琥珀屋在设计上非常棒，其设计采用了花哨的风格。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①That part of the garden ________ (design) for vegetables.
②Her books were designed ________ women who lived in the countryside.
③The room on the first floor is designed ________ a library.
④The official visit, ________ (design) to strengthen the friendship between the two countries, was a great success.
⑤Robert broke the window ________ design to catch the policeman's eye.
⑥The most famous ________ (design) are Chinese, so are the models and the consumers.
is designed
for
as
designed
by
designers
完成句子
⑦Lucy made the noise ________ (故意地) to express her dissatisfaction.
⑧The seat _____________ (专为……而设计) the baby's use.
⑨This project ___________ (旨在) help homeless people.
by design
was designed for
is designed to
17)energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的　energy n．精力，力量；活力，干劲；能量；能源
(教材原句)Reeve became a passionate and energetic advocate for people with back injuries and disabilities...
里夫成为脊背受伤和残疾人士的热情而积极的支持者……
keep energetic 保持活力
feel energetic 感到精力充沛的
an energetic supporter 热情的支持者
make sb. energetic in... 使某人在……中精力充沛
full of energy 精力充沛，充满活力
have the energy to do sth. 有精力做某事
put all one's energies into... 把某人的全部精力投入到……
solar/nuclear energy 太阳能/核能
an energy crisis 能源危机
Humour can make one energetic in his work, study, and life.幽默能使人在工作、学习和生活中精力充沛。
The more he worked, the more energetic he became.
他越干越起劲。
Running in the morning can let you keep energetic in study the whole day.早晨跑步能让你在一整天的学习中保持精力充沛。
It's a waste of time and energy.
那是浪费时间和精力。
She put all her energies into her work.
她把全部精力都投入到工作中去了。
[拓展]
energetically adv.精力充沛地，积极地
talk energetically满怀热情地说
He had worked energetically all day on his new book.
他一整天干劲十足地写他的新书。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The old woman is ________ energetic member in the club.
②The teenagers in our town are lively, enthusiastic and ________ (energy).
③Only if you exercise regularly can you work __________ (energetic).
④You are always full of ________ (energetic). Can you tell me the secret
⑤She has an assistant to help her out. Now she has the energy ________ (accompany) her family.
完成句子
⑥He felt bright and cheerful and ___________ (充满活力).
an
energetic
energetically
energy
to accompany
full of energy
18)advocate n．提倡者；拥护者；鼓吹者　vt.拥护，支持，提倡
advocate doing sth. 提倡做某事
advocate that...(should) do... 提倡/主张……做……
advocate late marriage 提倡晚婚
advocate free trade 提倡自由贸易
an advocate of free speech 言论自由的拥护者
She's a strong advocate of peace and justice.
她是和平与正义的强烈拥护者。
She is a passionate advocate of education reform.
她是一名教育改革的热情拥护者。
Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour.很多专家主张对孩子的良好表现加以奖励。
The report advocated that all buildings (should) be fitted with smoke detectors.报告主张所有的建筑物都应安装烟雾探测器。[虚拟语气：(should＋)动词原形]
[误区警示]
advocate是及物动词，接动名词而不接不定式作宾语。
advocate后接从句时，从句谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①She has always been ________ advocate for changes to English spelling, to make it easier to learn.
②Even in the old world, teaching by film has its ________ (advocate).
③He ________ (advocate) the return of capital punishment.
④We would advocate ________ (sell) those shares at current levels.
⑤They advocated that we ____________ (build) a day-care centre.
an
advocates
advocates
selling
(should) build
第二版块|重要短语
1)due to
(教材原句)It was only due to the ongoing support of his wife, parents and friends that he eventually found the will to live again.是因为在妻子、父母和朋友的不断支持下，他才最终找到了重新生活的意愿。(注：本句是“It was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分”句型)
(1)由于，因为(作状语)
The captain of the ship was advised to turn back due to a sudden heavy storm.由于突然来了一场暴风雨，船长被建议折回。(作状语，表原因)
[归纳联想]　其他“由于，因为”的表达：thanks to; because of; as a result of; on account of; owing to。
It was a great success—thanks to a lot of hard work.
由于尽心竭力，这才大获成功。
He walked slowly because of his bad leg.
他因为腿不方便而行走缓慢。
Millions will face starvation in the world next year as a result of the drought.
由于发生旱灾，明年世界上将有数百万人面临饥饿的威胁。
Trains were delayed on account of the bad weather.
由于天气不好，火车都误点了。
Owing to circumstances beyond our control, the flight to Rome has been cancelled.
由于出现了我们无法控制的情况，飞往罗马的航班已被取消。
(2)起因于(只作表语)
The delay was due to power failure.此延滞起因于停电。
The delay of the train is due to an accident.
火车晚点是因为出了事故。(作表语)

[拓展]　due adj.(车、船等)预定应到的
be due to do sth.预计要做某事
The plane is due at 9：10.飞机预定9点10分到达。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Thanks ________ Sandy, I found this great apartment.
②The water shortage is severe mainly due ________ global warming, environmental pollution and the ever-increasing population.
③The flight was delayed because ________ the bad weather.
④The concert has been cancelled owing ________ lack of interest.
⑤Her heart was slightly damaged ________ a result of her long illness.
⑥He doesn't drink alcohol ________ account of his poor health.
⑦His new book is due ____________ (publish) next year.
完成句子
火车预计8：00到。
⑧The train is ________ at 8：00.
to
to
of
to
as
on
to be published
due
2)not only...but (also)...不但……而且……/不仅……还……
(教材原句)Thus, not only is he known as a superhero in the Superman films, but he is also regarded as a superhero to many in real life.
因此，他不仅是《超人》电影中的超级英雄，在现实生活中也被许多人视为超级英雄。
[学法点拨]
(1)not only...but also...连接并列的句子成分，其变体可以是not just/merely/simply...but...(as well)。如：
She is not only beautiful, but also clever.
她不但长得漂亮，而且还很聪明。
They not simply talked but shouted and laughed.
他们不只谈话，而且又喊又笑。
(2)当not only位于句首时，句子需用部分倒装，but (also)后面不用倒装，即前倒后不倒。
Not only is she a good teacher, but she is (also) a good friend and a lovely elder sister.
她不仅仅是一个好老师，而且还是一个好朋友，一个可爱的姐姐。
Not only does singing in a group give the lungs a good workout, but it also gives a sense of community.
参加小组唱歌不仅能使肺部得到很好的锻炼，而且还能给人一种团体意识。
(3)not only...but also...连接并列主语时，谓语动词由but also后的主语决定，即“就近原则”。采用“就近原则”的结构还有：
either...or...或者……，或者……
neither...nor...既不……，也不……
not...but...不是……，而是……
Not only his parents but also Harry is leaving for London for holidays.不但他的父母而且哈里都将去伦敦度假。
Either you or he has to clean the classroom.
你或者他必须打扫教室。
[语境助记]
Mr. Li is not only a foreign minister but also a poet.李先生不仅是一位外交部长，而且还是个诗人。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The activity impressed me very much because not only ________ it train my skills of communication but also it allowed me to know more about our traditional culture.
②Not only Helen but also her friends ________ (be) going to attend the party this Sunday.
③Neither Anna nor one of her friends ________ (have) read the book written in Chinese so far.
④Not only does he write the words to the songs, ________ he composes the music as well.
did
are
has
but
句型转换
⑤He can speak not only English but also French.
____________________________________(倒装)
⑥I not only heard the car, but I actually saw it crash.
________________________________________(倒装)
Not only can he speak English but also French.
Not only did I hear the car, but I actually saw it crash.
第三版块|疑难句型
1)wish＋宾语从句
(教材原句)He admitted that during the early stages of living with his injury, he wished that he was dead and even thought of ending his own life.他承认，在他受伤的早期阶段，他希望自己已经死掉，甚至想过结束自己的生命。
[句式分析]　本句中，wished后跟了that引导的宾语从句。
wish后跟宾语从句时通常要用虚拟语气：
(1)表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用一般过去时。
I wish I were as young as you！但愿我和你一样年轻！(虚拟语气中be动词常用were)
(2)表示与过去事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用过去完成时。
How I wish I had been able to say the rules without a mistake！我多么想能够一点不错地把这些规则说出来啊！
(3)表示将来难以实现的愿望，从句谓语用“would/could＋动词原形”或过去将来时的其他形式。
I wish it would rain tomorrow.我希望明天会下雨。
[知识拓展]
wish后面还可以接不定式，表示大概可以实现的愿望。
I wish to go to Beijing.我希望去北京。
wish后接宾语加不定式，多表示请求和命令。
I wish you not to do that any more.希望你别再那样做了。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I ________ (have) a second chance to become more involved.
②I wish I ________ (be) at my sister's wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.
③It's rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker ________ (speak) longer.”
④Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I ________ (dance) as well as her.
⑤He is right, but I can't help wishing they ________ (will) keep those old ferries.
⑥I wish ________ (have) a chain of cafes in many different cities.
⑦I wish you ________ (not ask) me the question any more.
had
had been
had spoken
danced
would
to have
not to ask
2)what引导的主语从句
(教材原句)What I do is based on powers we all have inside us...我所做的是基于我们每个人体内都拥有的力量……
[句式分析]　what引导主语从句时既有一定的含义，又起连接作用。在从句中可充当主语、宾语、表语。含义要根据上下文来判定。常常理解为“……的意思”，“……的内容”，“……的样子”“……的事情”等，翻译成汉语中的“的”字结构：“……的”。如：
What you did yesterday was praised by the teacher.
你昨天所做的(事)受到了老师的表扬。
[知识拓展]　what除了可以引导主语从句之外，还可以引导其他名词性从句，如表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。它引导名词性从句时可在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。
He is no longer what he used to be.
他不再是以前那个样子了。(what引导表语从句，并在从句中作表语)
I wonder what he was trying out.
我想知道他在试验什么。(what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语)
I have no idea what we can do about the exhibition.
我不知道关于展览会我们能做什么。(what引导同位语从句，并在从句中作宾语)
[易混比较]　what/that引导名词性从句的区别
·what引导名词性从句时，在从句中可以作主语、宾语或表语，what表示“……的事物”，相当于the thing(s) that。
·that引导名词性从句时，在从句中不作任何成分，也无实际含义，只起连接作用，但不可省略(宾语从句中that可省略)。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①________ impressed me most is his honesty.
②It's kind of hard to find a balance between ________ you have to do and ________ you want to do.
③I think ________ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.
④________ he didn't attend the party disappointed us a lot.
⑤The deadlines and ________ you need to apply depend on the program.
⑥People have heard ________ the President has said; they are waiting to see ________ he will do.
⑦You have no idea ________ I suffered.
⑧________ really matters is ________ she is late for work again.
What
what
what
what
That
what
what
what
what
What
that
3)too...to...太……而不能(表示否定意义)
(教材原句)So you can see, I'm too busy with living to think of giving up!
所以你可以看到，我忙于生活，无暇考虑是否放弃！
[句式分析]　(1)too...to...结构有时可与not...enough to...或so...that...相互转换。
He was too weak to walk.
＝He was not strong enough to walk.
＝He was so weak that he could not walk.
他身体太弱了，不能走路。
(2)当句子主语不是不定式的逻辑主语时，可在不定式前加上for sb.引出逻辑主语。
The box is too heavy for me to lift.
这个箱子太重，我提不起来。
[知识拓展]
too...to...结构在下列情况下表示肯定意义：
①too...to...结构中含有not, never等否定词时。
②too之前有only, simply, just等词时。
③当too后的形容词表示心理状态或是描述性形容词时，如anxious, eager, glad, pleased, easy, kind等。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①She was too upset ________ (spend) much time at the real museum.
②I hate it when she calls me at work—I'm always __________ (太忙而不能) carry on a conversation with her.
③It's _____________ (越早越好) make necessary preparations for a healthy and meaningful college experience.
to spend
too busy to
never too early to
把下面英文句子译成汉语
④Carrying adequate batteries, however, would make the plane too heavy to get off the ground.
__________________________________________________________
⑤She is too anxious to leave.
__________________________________________________________
⑥He can never be too careful while crossing the street.
__________________________________________________________
⑦It's never too late to learn.
__________________________________________________________
然而，携带足够的电池会使飞机太重而无法起飞。
她急于离开。
横穿马路时，他怎么小心也不为过/越小心越好。
活到老学到老。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．At the continental congresses, Adams is depicted as the lead ________ (提倡者) for independence.
2．________ (伤残) can make extra demands on financial resources because the disabled need extra care.
3．The wrong ________ (态度) will have exactly the reverse effect.
4．Lack of exercise can lead to feelings of ________ (忧郁) and exhaustion.
5．In my everyday life, I am on a(n) ________ (继续进行的) journey to figure out different ways to reduce my carbon footprint on the planet.
6．He was a born mechanic with a flair for ________ (设计).
advocate
Disability
attitude
depression
ongoing
design
7．Despite the fact that she has been teaching English for twenty years, she is still ________ (热爱的) about teaching.
8．We become more ________ (精力充沛的), more alert, better able to take effective action.
9．Her book raised ________ (意识) of the harmful effects of chemicals on the world's lakes.
10．I am aware that the ________ (组织) of the book leaves something to be desired.
11．Fed officials continued to insist that the dollar would soon return to stability but disaster ________ (突然发生).
12．Shortages of professional staff are very ________ (严重的) in some places.
passionate
energetic
awareness
organisation
struck　
severe
13．The green ________ (运动) lacks effective repre-sentation in Parliament.
14．The media have been filled with tales of ________ (令人惊恐的事) and loss resulting from Monday's earthquake.
15．The key to success as a romantic ________ (小说家) is absolute belief in your story.
16．Eventually ________ (激情) was distilled into the natural beauty of a balmy night.
17．This is a(n) ________ (机会) to enhance the reputation of the company.
18．This college has a good academic ________ (名誉).
movement　
horror
novelist　
passion
opportunity　
reputation
Ⅱ.短语填空
in support of, due to, pass away, try out, star in, keep a journal of, disable sb. from doing
1．The committee came down ____________ his application.
2．It was the first time that I had found life could so easily _________．
3．The software is _______ ship next month.
4．The previous year Adolphson had ________ the latest play in which Ingrid had been an extra.
5．I highly recommend that you ______ the examples.
6．Did you ____________ what happened to you during the journey
7．His disability ______________ joining the army.
in support of
pass away
due to
starred in
try out
keep a journal of　
disabled him from
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
A
1．People who engage in ________ (threaten) behaviour should be arrested.
2．Steve was ________ (intense) curious about the world I came from.
3．He was struck down by cancer at the age ________ thirty.
4．The landscape has been radically altered, ________ (severe) damaging wildlife.
5．It is important to raise public ________ (aware) of the significance of eating a healthy diet.
threatening
intensely
of
severely
awareness
6．If you tend to overeat because of ________ (depress), first take steps to recognise the source of your sadness.
7．Eventually, being unemployed produces negative attitudes ________ work.
8．The man born with ________ (disable) became the champion of the Paralympics, which was very honourable.
9．We will ________ (energetic) develop vocational education, with the focus on supporting rural secondary vocational education.
depression
to/towards
disability
energetically
B
1．[2019·全国Ⅰ卷]Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a ________ (disable).
2．[天津二考]Now we live in a world surrounded by the “can't do” ________ (attitude).
1．答案与解析：disability　句意：有些职位要求学生年龄在15至24岁之间，对于残疾人士，年龄可放宽至29岁。
2．答案与解析：attitudes　句意：现在我们生活在一个被“不能做”的态度包围的世界里。
3．[2021·北京卷]Your child has been looking for an opportunity ________ (climb) out of the window.
4．[2019·天津一考]By delaying the development of mental and physical functioning problems, people can still be engaged in society ________ their senior years.
3．答案与解析：to climb　an opportunity to do sth.“做某事的机会”。句意：你的孩子一直在找机会从窗户爬出去。
4．答案与解析：in　句意：通过延迟心理和生理功能问题的发展，人们仍然可以在晚年参与社会活动。
5．[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]The GPNP ________ (design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”．
6．[全国Ⅰ卷]Running is cheap, easy and it's always ________ (energy).
5．答案与解析：is designed　be designed to do sth.“旨在做某事”。句意：大熊猫国家公园旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，并为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。
6．答案与解析：energetic　句意：跑步既便宜又容易，而且总是充满活力。
7．[2022·新高考全国Ⅱ卷]We offer scholarships to low-income schools and youth ________ (organization), subject to availability.
8．[全国Ⅲ卷]Just before September, Miller ________ (strike) by a car and lost his right arm.
7．答案与解析：organizations　根据and前面的schools是复数形式可判断，此处也是复数形式。句意：我们为低收入学校和青年组织提供奖学金，视情况而定。
8．答案与解析：was struck　句意：就在九月之前，米勒被一辆小汽车撞了，失去了右臂。
9．[2020·天津二考]．..loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to ________ (depress) and even crimes...
10．[2020·江苏卷]And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the ________ (commit) Wilson made to preventing the preventable.
9．答案与解析：depression　句中to是介词，后跟名词。句意：……孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪……
10．答案与解析：commitment　用名词作of的宾语。句意：因为威尔逊对预防可预防情况所做的贡献，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人得以看见光明。
11．[2020·江苏卷]But Wilson did not regard the accident ________ catastrophic.
12．[2020·江苏卷]Being good at something and having a passion ________ it are not enough.
11．答案与解析：as　regard...as...“把……认为……”。句意：但威尔逊并不认为这次事故是灾难性的。
12．答案与解析：for　have a passion for“对……有激情”。句意：仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的。
13．[2021·全国乙卷]Ecotourism is commonly ________ (regard) as low impact (影响) travel to undisturbed places.
14．[天津二考]If your ________ (aware) is as sharp as it could be, you'll have no trouble answering these questions.
13．答案与解析：regarded　be regarded as“被认为是”。句意：生态旅游通常被认为是对生态未被破坏的地方影响较小的旅游。
14．答案与解析：awareness　句意：如果你的意识足够敏锐，你回答这些问题就不会有困难。
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．遵照厂家的说明很重要。
___________________ the manufacturer's instructions.
2．我希望你不把衣服丢得满地都是。
____________________ your clothes all over the floor.
3．他被看作近代最成功的总统。
He _____________ the most successful president of modern times.
4．因为她觉得这件事太难应付，就拿别人出气。
Since she'd found it _________ cope with, she'd taken it out on other people.
It is important to follow
I wish you wouldn't leave
was regarded as
too hard toSection D　Lesson 3　The Superhero Behind Superman
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．____________ n. 提倡者；拥护者；鼓吹者
v. 拥护；支持；提倡
2．____________ vi. & vt. 突然发生(某种不幸)；突然有坏的影响；打，击
3．____________ n. 机会；时机
4．____________ vt. 着手做，承担
5．____________ n. 名誉；名望
6．____________ n. 看法，态度
7．____________ adj. 强烈的，剧烈的
8．____________ n. 传记
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．aware adj.意识到的→________ n．认识；意识
2．organise v．组织→________ n．组织；团体；机构
3．move v．(使)改变位置，移动→________ n．运动，动作，活动
4．depress v．使抑郁；使沮丧；使消沉→________ n.忧郁，沮丧，消沉；抑郁症
5．commit v．承诺，保证→________ n．投入，忠诚，奉献；承诺
6．horror n．令人惊恐的事→________ adj.令人震惊的；恐怖的→horrify vt.恐吓，惊吓
7．regard vt.认为，看作→________ prep.关于；至于
8．novel n．小说→________ n．小说家
9．journal n．杂志；日志→________ n．新闻工作者
10．passion n．强烈的爱好，热爱；激情→________ adj.热诚的，狂热的
11．design vt.计划，设计→________ n．设计者
12．energy n．精力；活力→________ adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的
13．disable v．使丧失能力；使伤残→________ n．伤残，残障，障碍→ability n．能力
14．night＋mare→________ n．噩梦，梦魇
Ⅲ.重点短语(英汉互译)
A 写出下列短语的汉意
1．be regarded as ________________
2．one's passion in doing sth. ________________
3．star in ________________
4．act on stage ________________
5．try out for ________________
6．feel like＋从句 ________________
7．be trapped in ________________
8．fall into a depression ________________
9．due to ________________
10．focus one's attention on ________________
11．in support of ________________
12．be based on ________________
13．be stuck in ________________
14．be sensitive to ________________
15．work with organisations ________________
B 写出下列汉语所对应的英语短语
1．________________ 做某事的机会
2．________________ 因为……而获得名誉
3．________________ 提高对……的认识
4．________________ 畅谈
5．________________ 把……从……抛下来
6．________________ 力量和使命感
7．________________ 开始高强度的运动计划
8．________________ 参加；进行
9．________________ 旨在做某事
10．________________ 一个热情而积极的支持者
11．________________ 积极乐观的态度
12．________________ 去世
13．________________ 作为……被铭记
14．________________ 记录……
15．________________ 现实生活中的超级英雄
Ⅰ.课文思维导图
Ⅱ.课文阅读理解
1．What's the text mainly about
A.The Superman films.
B.A terrible disaster.
C.Christopher Reeve—a superhero in films and in real life.
D.Christopher Reeve—a man devoted to public welfare work.
2．What did Reeve do after he became famous for the role Superman
A.He took care of the homeless.
B.He raised awareness for good causes.
C.He protected wild animals.
D.He adopted some poor children.
3．What happened to Reeve in 1995
A.He lost his eyesight.
B.He injured his leg.
C.He was injured in a traffic accident.
D.He broke his neck after falling off the horse.
4．What made him have the will to live again
A.The medical research.
B.His public welfare work.
C.The ongoing support of his fans.
D.The ongoing support of his wife, parents and friends.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Christopher Reeve is not only known as a superhero in the Superman films, but also he 1.________ (regard) as a superhero to many in real life.
Reeve had passion in acting and starred in his first school play at the age of eight. Later, he was given the lead role in a Superman film. Reeve starred in four Superman films from 1978 to 1987. He gained a reputation for raising 2.________ (aware) for good causes. He spoke out about health, education and child protection to help those most 3.________ need.
Unfortunately, in 1995 disaster 4.________ (strike) Reeve. He was thrown off his horse and broke his neck. His injuries were 5.________ severe that his doctors didn't believe he would survive. He even thought of ending his own life. It was only due to the ongoing support of his wife, parents and friends 6.________ he eventually found the will to live again.
After hard training, Reeve managed 7.________ (return) to his film career by directing, producing and even starring in films. He became a passionate and 8.________ (energy) advocate for people with back injuries and disabilities, 9.________ (raise) millions of dollars in support of medical research. Many people who were stuck in illness were inspired by his positive attitude.
10.________ (sad), Reeve died on 10 October, 2004. He will always be remembered as a superhero—in more ways than one.
第一版块|核心单词
1)regard vt.认为，看作　n．尊重，敬佩；关注；[常pl.]问候；致意)
(1)vt.认为，看作
regard...as 把……看作……
be regarded as... 被认为/被看作……
I regard creativity both as a gift and as a skill.
我认为创造力既是一种天赋也是一种技巧。
Though he is regarded as one of the best students in the class, he is still very modest.
虽然他被认为是班上最优秀的学生之一，但是他仍然非常谦虚。
(2)n.尊重，敬佩；关注；[常pl.]问候；致意
have regard for 重视；敬佩
hold...in high regard 高度重视；非常尊敬
give one's regards to... 代某人向……问候
as regards 关于，至于
with/in regard to 关于；至于
without regard to 不考虑；不顾及
in this/that regard 在这/那点上
I had great regard for his abilities.
我非常敬佩他的能力。
Give my regards to your parents.
代我向你的父母问好。
With regard to the party on July 1st, I shall be pleased to attend.关于7月1日的聚会，我很高兴参加。
You need't worry as regards the cost of the operation.
你无需担心手术的费用。
[拓展]
regarding prep.关于；至于
She has said nothing regarding your request.关于你的要求，她什么也没说。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①________ (regard) air pollution, we still have a long way to go.
②I have great regard ________ him and what he has achieved.
③When you go home, please give my ________ (regard) to your parents.
④________ regard to the space exploration, we have something to say.
⑤I have little information ________ regards her fitness for the post.
⑥He ________ (regard) as the most successful president of modern times.
⑦He was driving ________ regard to speed limits.
写出句中regard的词性及含义
⑧He held her in high regard.____________
⑨We regard labour as a matter of honour.____________
2)passion n．强烈的爱好，热爱；激情)
(教材原句)He found his passion in acting and starred in his first school play at the age of eight.他发现自己热衷于表演，并在八岁时第一次在学校的戏剧中担任主角。
with passion 带有强烈情感地/充满激情地
be filled with/be full of passion 充满激情
have a passion for... 酷爱……
one's passion in... 某人在……方面的热情
arouse one's passion 唤起某人的激情
express one's passion in sth. through...
通过……表达对某事的热情
Whatever you decide to do, do it with passion and all the energy that you have.
无论你决定做什么，都需要投入所有的热忱和能量。
The artist was full of passion when he created his works.
这位艺术家在创作时充满了激情。
We are really interested in the subject and have a passion for it.我们对该科目很感兴趣，而且对它充满热情。
The dancer expressed his passion in dancing through the performance.
这位舞蹈演员在整个表演中以舞蹈表达了他的热情。
[拓展]　passionate adj.具有强烈信念的；热爱的，酷爱的
passionately adv.热情地，强烈地
a passionate speech激情的演讲
a passionate interest in music对音乐的浓厚兴趣
He is very passionate about the project.
他对这个项目非常热诚。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①We are glad to have an English teacher with full passion ________ helping our study.
②The real me is a person ________ passion, dream, and like to help people.
③One should always be full ________ passion in his life no matter how old he is.
④If you have a passion ________ football, watch matches or the sports news.
⑤He is passionate ________ sport, most of which leaves her cold.
⑥I admire his ________ (passion) belief in what he is doing.
完成句子
⑦Great speakers ________________ (对……有激情) what they're expressing.
3)opportunity n．机会；时机)
(教材原句)He realised that his roles in these films had given him the opportunity to be a real life superman...
他意识到自己在这些电影中的角色给了他在现实生活中成为超人的机会……
give sb. an opportunity 给某人一个机会
take advantage of the opportunity to do sth.
利用机会做某事
an opportunity in a million 千载难逢的机会
I have an opportunity to go to New York and study.
我有一个去纽约学习的机会。
I'm glad that I have the opportunity to help the expert．
我很高兴有机会帮助这位专家。(不定式短语作后置定语，修饰the opportunity)
It's an opportunity in a million, and we shouldn't waste it.这个机会千载难逢，我们万万不可浪费。
I'd like to take this opportunity to thank my colleagues for their support.我谨借此机会感谢同事们的支持。
[拓展]　the opportunity to do/of doing sth.做某事的机会
have/grasp/seize/take an opportunity
有/抓住/抓住/利用机会
miss/lose/waste an opportunity
错过/失去/浪费机会
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I had ________ opportunity to go to New York and study, but I missed.
②Our company provides equal ________ (opportunity) for females.
③As far as I'm concerned, everyone should have the opportunity ________ (get) a good education.
完成句子
④Now that you ________________ (错过这个机会), it's no use crying.
4)journalist n．新闻工作者　journal n．日记；杂志；定期刊物　journalism n．新闻业)
a scientific/trade journal 科学/行业杂志
keep a journal of... 记录；将……记录下来
keep a journal of what happened 记录所发生的事
keep a journal of one's travels across Asia
把某人的亚洲之行记录下来
He was a renowned journalist and a very fine man.
他是个有名的记者，也是个品德很高尚的人。
The journalist kept a journal of what he had experienced in that country.这位记者记录下了他在那个国家经历的一切。
[拓展]
keep a journal (＝keep a diary)写日记
表达“写日记”，用keep，不可以用write
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①You'd better keep a journal ________ what you do through out the day.
②Keep a journal ________ your daily reactions to your job situation and look for reoccuring themes.
完成句子
③根据一本医学杂志上的证据综述，跑步者比非跑步者寿命长三年。
According to a review of evidence in a ________________， runners live three years longer than non runners.
5)reputation n．名誉；名望)
(教材原句)．..he soon gained a reputation for raising awareness for good causes.
……他很快就因提高人们对慈善事业的认识而获得了声誉。
have a good/bad reputation 有好/坏名声
have a reputation for... 因……而有名声
have a reputation as... 作为……著称
win/earn/gain/acquire a reputation 赢得/获得声誉
enhance one's reputation 提高某人的声誉
damage/destroy/ruin one's reputation
损害/败坏/毁掉某人的声誉
enjoy a reputation 享有声誉
establish a reputation 确立声誉
build/develop a reputation 树立名声
with a long standing reputation 久享盛名；久负盛名
The artist's reputation had made him proud.
这位艺术家的名声使他感到骄傲。
He had a very good reputation in the industry.
他在业内有很好的声誉。
Jack has a reputation for studying hard.
杰克刻苦学习是出了名的。
He earned a reputation as an entertaining speaker.
他赢得了娱乐演讲家的声誉。
[拓展]
by reputation听说；耳闻
live up to one's reputation名副其实
The weather in England is living up to its reputation．
英格兰的天气真是名副其实。
She was by reputation a good organiser.听说她的组织能力很强。
But I know you by reputation, Dr. Li.但我已经久仰您的大名了，李博士。
reputation可用于人或事物，而fame(声誉)仅用于人
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He built up ________ reputation as a tough businessman.
②The restaurant has a reputation ________ its excellent service.
③He earned a reputation ________ an expert on tax law.
完成句子
④Companies must __________________ (赢得声誉) for honesty.
⑤The beauty of the West Lake ____________________ (名副其实).
⑥Alice Munro ______________ (有……的名声) being a very depressing writer.
6)awareness n．认识；意识)
environmental awareness 环境意识
raise/increase/promote public awareness of...
提高/增强/促进公众对……的意识
aware adj. 意识到的，察觉到的
be/become aware of 意识到……
be/become aware＋that从句 意识到……
so/as far as I am aware 据我所知
as you are aware 如你所知
During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.在此期间，环境意识的提高使它成为可取的。
The aim of the movement is to raise awareness of the danger of smoking.
这项运动的目的是提高人们对吸烟危害的认识。
Young people are very environmentally aware.
年轻人的环保意识很强。
Smokers are well aware of the dangers to their own health.吸烟的人都知道吸烟对自身健康的危害。
As far as I'm aware, nobody has done anything about it.
据我所知，尚无人对此采取任何措施。
[拓展]
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①________ awareness of the importance of eating a healthy diet is beneficial.
②Public ________ (aware) of the problem will make politicians take it seriously.
③There was not enough education about how to be aware ________ the threat of the animals on the island.
④People should be aware ________ climate change is no joke.
完成句子
⑤________________ (如你所知), this is not a new problem.
⑥They suddenly ________________ (意识到) people looking at them.
7)organisation n．组织；团体；机构；筹备工作)
(教材原句)He visited sick children in hospitals and worked with organisations such as Save the Children...他去看望医院的患病儿童，并与“拯救儿童”等组织合作……
(1)n.组织；团体；机构(＝organization)
a business/political/voluntary organisation
一个商业/政治/志愿机构
World Health Organisation 世界卫生组织
the World Trade Organisation 世界贸易组织
an international organisation 国际组织
work for a business organisation 为一个商业机构工作
start/set up an organisation 创立一个组织
join an organisation 加入一个组织
He's the president of a large international organisation.
他是一个大型国际组织的主席。
I leave most of the organisation of these conferences to my assistant.我把这些会议的大部分筹备工作留给我的助手。
(2)organise vt.组织；安排　organised adj.有组织的；有条理的
well/badly organised 组织良好的/很糟的
organise a meeting/party/trip 筹备会议/聚会/旅行
an organised person 一个有条理的人
a well organised office 一间井然有序的办公室
a carefully organised campaign 一场精心策划的运动
Modern computers can organise large amounts of data very quickly.现代计算机能非常迅速地处理大量的数据。
I'll invite people if you can organise food and drinks.
如果你能备办饮食，我就邀请人。
She's not a very organised person and she always arrives late at meetings.她不是一个很有条理的人，开会总是迟到。
[拓展]　organiser n．组织者，安排者
She was by reputation a good organiser.
久闻她是个出色的组织者。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Most of the food for the homeless is provided by voluntary ________ (organise).
②So far as I know, it's ________ organisation that provides information for shoppers.
③We do not fully understand how the brain ________ (organise).
④He has a lot of good qualities but being ________ (organise) isn't one of them.
⑤There aren't enough seats for all the guests—I must tell the ________ (organise).
完成句子
⑥He didn't want to be involved in ________________________ (会议的筹备).
⑦In the end, we all decided to __________________________________________ (组织一场音乐会) for him.
8)strike vi. & vt. (struck, struck)突然发生(某种不幸)；打，击，撞击；(使)突然想到，猛然意识到；擦，划(火柴)；敲，鸣，报时　n．袭击，罢工)
(教材原句)Unfortunately, in 1995 disaster struck Reeve.
不幸的是，1995年，灾难降临在里夫身上。
strike ten 钟敲十点
be struck by lightning 被闪电击中
strike a match 划火柴
an air strike 空袭
Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。
strike sb.＋介词＋the＋表示身体部位的名词
击打某人的……
strike sb. on the head 击中某人的头
be struck with/by... 被……打动；对……有深刻的印象
strike...into one's heart 使某人对……刻骨铭心
be/go on strike (n.) 在罢工
Sth. strikes sb./It strikes sb. that...
某人突然想到……
Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods.
上个月，东南亚部分地区遭受洪灾。
He struck the table with his fist.他用拳头击打桌子。
The child ran into the road and was struck by a car.
那个孩子跑到公路上被汽车撞了。
The film struck friendship into my heart.
这部电影使我对友情刻骨铭心。
This combination of healing myself and healing the world struck me as the perfect solution.
这种治愈自己和治愈世界的结合让我觉得是完美的解决方案。
It suddenly struck me that we could improve the situation in this way.我突然想到我们可以用这种方式来改善局面。
The coal miners have been out on strike for several weeks.煤矿工人已罢工了几个星期。
These damp matches won't strike.这些湿火柴划不着。
The huge clock of the Customs House strikes the hour.
海关的大钟整点报时。
He was in low spirits after that strike.
那次打击之后，他情绪低落。
An awful thought has just struck me.
刚才我脑子里突然闪过一个可怕的念头。
[拓展]　stricken adj.受灾的；患病的；受苦的
Food is being shipped to drought stricken areas.
食物正被运送到遭受旱灾的地区。
striking adj.惊人的；显著的；引人注目的
He's good looking, but he's not as striking as his brother.他长得很帅，但不像他哥哥那么引人注目。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The disease has ________ (strike) the whole community, sometimes wiping out the whole families.
②She raised her ________ (strike) face and begged for help.
③One of his ________ (strike) features is that he is very tall.
④________ (strike) by the beauty of the West Lake, she wanted to stay here for another week.
⑤________ struck me that we might have made the wrong decision.
⑥What he said struck terror ________ my heart.
⑦There is something in their minds which strikes one ________ not quite right.
写出句中strike的词性及含义
⑧The strike has delivered a heavy blow to the management.____________
⑨It suddenly struck me that we ought to make a new plan.____________
⑩Don't strike a match if you smell gas.____________
Strike while the iron is hot.____________
完成句子
____________________ (我忽然想起) she had come to borrow money.
9)severe adj.很严重的，极为恶劣的；严厉的；剧烈的)
(教材原句)His injuries were so severe that he had no movement or feeling in his body at all...
他的伤势非常严重，身体完全丧失了运动能力和知觉……
be severe with/on sb. 对某人严厉
be severe on/with oneself 严于律己
severe weather 恶劣天气
severe illness 严重的疾病
a severe look 严肃的神情
a severe punishment 重罚
a severe winter 严冬
severe losses 惨败；严重的损失
severe injuries 严重的伤势
severe economic problems 严重的经济问题
severe criticism 严厉的批评
A severe storm turned the small village down to ground.
一场猛烈的暴风雨把小村庄夷为平地。
She was a severe woman who seldom smiled.
她是个严肃的女人，脸上很少出现笑容。
When the earthquake came, the house had a severe quake.地震到来时，房子一阵剧烈颤动。
The courts are becoming more severe on young offenders.
法庭对青少年犯罪者的处罚趋于严厉。
Be severe on/with oneself and lenient towards others.
严于律己，宽以待人。
The storm caused severe damage.
这场暴风雨造成了严重的破坏。
[拓展]　
severely adv.严重地；严厉地；严肃地
be severely disabled/damaged
严重残疾的/受损的
a severely polluted lake严重污染的湖
Anyone breaking the law will be severely punished.违法者将受到严惩。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Some young men left the company because the CEO was very severe ________ them.
②The UN wants to send food aid to 10 countries in Africa ________ (severe) affected by the drought.
③In my opinion, she is too severe with ________ (she).
完成句子
④The couple used to ________________ (对……很严厉) their kids.
⑤The party ________________ (遭到惨败) during the last election.
⑥You will make it so long as you ________________ (对自己严格).
10)movement n．运动，动作，活动)
graceful/smooth movements 优雅的/流畅的动作
a slight movement 细微的动作
a quick movement 快速的动作
hand/eye movements 手/眼睛的活动
freedom of movement 行动自由
Our movement is rooted in the hearts of the people.
我们的运动在人民的心中根深蒂固。
Loose clothing gives you greater freedom of movement.
衣服宽松，可以活动自如。
They actually monitor the movement of the fish going up river.他们实际上在监测鱼类迁往上游的活动。
move v. 移动；迁移，搬家；使感动
movable adj. 可移动/活动的
move about/around 四处走动；经常搬动
move on 往前走，继续前进；出发
move sb. to tears 使某人感动得流泪
make a move 采取行动；离开；出发
move house/home 搬家
move to... 搬家到……
move away 搬走
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners.我看着大卫和其他选手一起走到起跑线上。
They've just moved and they're not on the telephone yet.
他们刚搬家，还没接通电话。
He stood up and began to move around the room.
他起身并开始在屋里来回走动。
It was such a sad film that it moved him to tears.
这是一部如此悲伤的电影，使他感动得流下了眼泪。
[拓展]
the women's/peace movement妇女/和平运动
a movement for/against...支持/反对……的运动
the civil rights movement民权运动
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①If you did so, you would lose the ________ (move) of the knee.
②She said that she was deeply ________ (move) by all the letters she had received.
③Let's stay here tonight, and then move ________ tomorrow morning.
④He became very ill and it was difficult for him to even move ________．
⑤Above the swimming pool is a ________ (move) roof with skylights.
⑥When I was a little girl, my family ________ (move) to a tiny town at the bottom of a big mountain.
完成句子
⑦After supper the old man planned to ________________ (四处走走) on the square.
⑧I ________________ (被感动得落泪) when seeing the moving passage.
11)depression n．忧郁，沮丧，消沉；抑郁症；萧条期，不景气)
(教材原句)He fell into a depression which lasted for many months.他陷入了持续数月的抑郁状态。
fall into (a) depression 陷入忧郁中
get into a state of depression 变得消沉/抑郁
suffer from depression 患抑郁症
be in deep depression 极度消沉
economic depression 经济萧条
business depression 商业不景气
experience a great depression 经历大萧条时期
There was a feeling of depression in the office when the news of the job cuts was announced.
裁员消息宣布时办公室里一片沮丧的气氛。
She suffered from severe depression after losing her job.
她失业后患了严重的抑郁症。
The country was in the period of economic depression then.当时国家正处于经济萧条时期。
depress vt. 使抑郁，使沮丧，使消沉；使萧条
depress sb. 使某人心情抑郁/沮丧
depress business activity 使经济活动萧条
depress the central nervous system 抑制中枢神经系统
depressed adj. 抑郁的，沮丧的；萧条的
feel/look depressed 感到/看上去没精打采的
She felt very depressed about the future.她感到前途无望。
It depresses me that nobody seems to care.
似乎没有人在乎，这让我感到很沮丧。
The threat of war has depressed business activity.
战争的威胁使经济活动萧条。
[拓展]　depressing adj.令人沮丧的
depressing news令人沮丧的消息
Looking for a job these days can be very depressing.
如今求职有时会令人非常沮丧。
a depressed basin盆地
depressed areas of the country
国内经济不景气的地区
be/feel depressed about对……感到沮丧
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①If you suffer from ________ (depress), it's best to get professional help.
②I am not an outgoing girl and wet weather always ________ (depress) me.
③She's been very ________ (depress) and upset about the whole situation.
④It's ________ (depress) to think that it will soon be winter.
⑤He seemed a bit depressed ________ his work situation.
完成句子
⑥When the business ________________ (萧条), there is usually an increase in unemployment.
⑦He is always ________________ (情绪低落).
12)commitment n．投入，忠诚，奉献；承诺)
(教材原句)With a new sense of energy and commitment, Reeve undertook an intense exercise programme to help him achieve this goal.为了达成目标，里夫凭借一种新的力量和使命感，开始了高强度的运动计划。
commitment to (doing) sth. (做)……的承诺
make a commitment to (do) sth. 对(做)某事作出承诺
honour/fulfil/meet a commitment 信守诺言
a sense of commitment 一种责任感
A career as a teacher requires one hundred percent commitment.做老师这一行需要百分之百的投入。
We have made a commitment to help, and we will.
我们已经答应帮忙了，就一定会做到的。
They are looking for someone with a real sense of commitment to the job.
他们正在找一个对这一工作真正有责任感的人。
commit v. 投入；使承诺；犯(罪)，犯(错误)
committed adj. 坚定的；忠实的
commit oneself to doing sth. 承诺做某事
commit an error 犯错
commit a crime 犯罪
commit murder/suicide 犯谋杀罪/自杀
be committed to (doing) sth. 致力于/承诺(做)某事
He commits an hour to reading the newspaper every morning.他每天早上抽出一小时读报。
The president is committed to reforming health care.
总统承诺要改革医疗保健制度。
There is no doubt that he is a committed reformer.
毫无疑问，他是一位坚定的改革者。
[联想拓展]　“答应/许诺做某事”的多种表达法：
make a commitment to do sth.
promise to do sth.
make a promise to do sth.
agree to do sth.
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I was impressed by the energy and ________ (commit) shown by the players.
②I made a commitment to him ________ (pay) all of the debts.
③Both sides committed themselves to ________ (settle) the dispute peacefully.
④The council has ________ (commit) large amounts of money to housing projects.
⑤The government ________ (commit) to promoting the development and use of public transportation.
⑥I must go. I have committed myself ________ the club tonight and the members are expecting me.
完成句子
⑦Despite some unpleasantness, we ________________________ (作出承诺) to keep working together.
⑧I would advise people to think very carefully about ____________________ (答应工作) on Sundays.
13)undertake vt. (undertook, undertaken)着手做，承担；从事；承诺，允诺，答应)
undertake the responsibility for... 承担起……的责任
undertake a task/project 承担一个任务/项目
undertake research 从事研究工作
undertake an investigation 进行调查
undertake to do sth.(＝promise to do sth.)
承诺/答应做某事
I repeat that we cannot undertake the task.
我再说一遍，我们不能承担这项任务。
I want you to undertake all the responsibility.
我要你承担所有的责任。
The company has announced that it will undertake a full investigation into the matter.
该公司已宣布将对此事进行全面调查。
In other words, they have undertaken to provide us with the latest equipment.
换句话说，他们已经答应为我们提供最新设备。
[拓展]
undertake not to do sth.答应不做某事
undertake that...答应……
I can undertake that you will enjoy the play.我保证你会喜欢这个剧。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He undertook ________ (finish) the job by Friday.
②This is one of the largest aid projects ever ________ (undertake).
完成句子
③The young couple ______________________ (承担起……的责任) bringing the child up.
④This is one of the most challenging projects ______________________ (我从事过的).
14)intense adj.强烈的，剧烈的；有强烈感情的，热切的；紧张的　intensely adv.剧烈地，极度地；热切地)
intense pain 强烈的疼痛；剧痛
intense heat/cold/hatred 酷热/严寒/痛恨
take an intense interest in... 对……很感兴趣
under intense pressure 承受着沉重的压力
Now he felt intense dissatisfaction.
现在他感到强烈的不满。
The patient has an intense will to recover.
那个病人热切地希望恢复健康。
My work is so intense that I even have no time to take a rest.我的工作非常紧张，以至于我甚至没有时间休息。
I found the story intensely moving.
我觉得这个故事非常感人。
I was intensely curious to know more about him.
我迫不及待地想更多地了解他的情况。
[拓展]
intense competition激烈的竞争
intense interest/pleasure/desire/anger
浓厚的兴趣/十分快乐/强烈的欲望/极度愤怒
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①________ intense debate is going on within the government.
②The little girl is ________ (intense) afraid of thunder.
写出句中intense的含义
③He felt an intense pain in his leg.________
④She's a very intense person who cares deeply about everything.________
⑤She gradually got used to the intense work as a doctor.________
15)engage v．(使)参加，(使)参与；雇用，聘请)
(教材原句)He engaged in a wide range of exercises designed to rebuild muscle, and made remarkable progress.
他参加了一系列广泛的旨在重建肌肉的锻炼，并取得了显著的进步。
engage sb. to sb. else 使某人与某人订婚；把某人许给某人
engage oneself in 从事于；忙于
engage sb. in (doing) sth. 使某人参与(做)某事
engage to do sth. 保证做某事
engage oneself to do sth. 某人答应做某事
engage sb. as... 聘任某人为……
You can engage in an argument respectfully without stirring up anger.
你可以有礼貌地进行争论，而不会激起愤怒。
The old man engaged his daughter to John.
老头儿把女儿许给了约翰。
The restaurant decided to engage a pop singer.
餐馆决定雇用一名流行歌手。
The company had engaged to finish the building by May.
公司保证大楼在5月份完工。
I got myself engaged in preparing for the College Entrance Examination.我紧张地准备高考。
Our department has engaged a foreign teacher as phonetic adviser.我们系已经聘请了一位外籍老师作为语音顾问。
engaged adj. 忙于……的；已订婚的；(电话)占线的
engagement n. 订婚，约定；雇用，聘用
be/get/become engaged on/in (doing) sth.
忙于/从事(做)某事
be/get/become engaged to... 与……订婚
an engaged couple 已订婚的一对情侣
an engagement party 订婚宴会
He is now engaged on his second novel.
他正埋头写他的第二部小说。
They were engaged in conversation.他们正谈得来劲。
Tom and Mary are engaged.汤姆和玛丽订婚了。
When did they get engaged to each other
他们什么时候订婚的？
Their engagement was announced in the local paper.
他们订婚的消息已在当地报纸上公布。
[拓展]　engage sb.'s interest/attention吸引某人的兴趣/注意力
engage sb. in conversation开始与某人攀谈
engage sb. to do sth.聘请某人做某事
engage with sb./sth.与某人/某事物建立密切关系
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Only 10% of American adults engage ________ exercise.
②The programme aims to encourage students to engage themselves in ________ (make) a difference in society.
③He has a number of social ________ (engage) next week.
④I can't come to dinner on Tuesday—I'm otherwise ________ (engage).
⑤Last week, Mary got engaged ________ Tom.
⑥The line is ________ (engage), so I have to ring him up later.
⑦When Henry was at university, he was engaged ________ many social activities.
⑧I tried the number again, but got ________ engaged tone.
⑨She engaged ________ (she) to attend the meeting.
⑩He engaged himself ________ (pay) back the money.
写出句中engage的含义
He is now engaged as a lawyer.____________
Those who engage in mental work are also workers.____________
He was engaged to be married to her.____________
Our company engages some women to do cleaning.____________
16)design vt.计划，设计　n．设计，图案，构思；目的，打算，意图　designer n．设计者，设计师)
design a car/a dress/an office 设计汽车/连衣裙/办公室
design... for... 为……设计……
be designed for... 为……而设计
be designed to do sth. 为了做某事而设计；旨在做某事
be designed as... 打算做……用
by design (＝on purpose) 故意地
by chance＝by accident 意外地
The method is specifically designed for use in small groups.这方法是专为小组活动设计的。
The route was designed to relieve the heavy traffic.
这条路线是为了缓解繁忙的交通而设计的。
The course is designed as an introduction to the subject.
这门课程是作为该科目的入门课而开设的。
The basic design of the car is very similar to that of earlier models.这种汽车的基本设计与早期的样式非常相似。
I don't know whether they did it by accident or by design.我不知道他们这样做是偶然的，还是故意的。
I hope I'll work in a computer company as a program designer.我希望自己在一家电脑公司当一名程序设计师。
[知识积累]
well/badly designed设计良好/糟糕的
specially designed software专门设计的软件
the design and development of new products
新产品的设计和开发
a bowl with floral designs有花卉图案的碗
a fashion/jewellery designer时装/珠宝设计师
[一言助记]　The Amber Room designed by the best designers in the country was very wonderful in design, whose design was in fancy style.
由全国最好的设计师设计的琥珀屋在设计上非常棒，其设计采用了花哨的风格。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①That part of the garden ________ (design) for vegetables.
②Her books were designed ________ women who lived in the countryside.
③The room on the first floor is designed ________ a library.
④The official visit, ________ (design) to strengthen the friendship between the two countries, was a great success.
⑤Robert broke the window ________ design to catch the policeman's eye.
⑥The most famous ________ (design) are Chinese, so are the models and the consumers.
完成句子
⑦Lucy made the noise ______________ (故意地) to express her dissatisfaction.
⑧The seat ________________ (专为……而设计) the baby's use.
⑨This project ________________ (旨在) help homeless people.
17)energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的　energy n．精力，力量；活力，干劲；能量；能源)
(教材原句)Reeve became a passionate and energetic advocate for people with back injuries and disabilities...
里夫成为脊背受伤和残疾人士的热情而积极的支持者……
keep energetic 保持活力
feel energetic 感到精力充沛的
an energetic supporter 热情的支持者
make sb. energetic in... 使某人在……中精力充沛
full of energy 精力充沛，充满活力
have the energy to do sth. 有精力做某事
put all one's energies into... 把某人的全部精力投入到……
solar/nuclear energy 太阳能/核能
an energy crisis 能源危机
Humour can make one energetic in his work, study, and life.幽默能使人在工作、学习和生活中精力充沛。
The more he worked, the more energetic he became.
他越干越起劲。
Running in the morning can let you keep energetic in study the whole day.早晨跑步能让你在一整天的学习中保持精力充沛。
It's a waste of time and energy.
那是浪费时间和精力。
She put all her energies into her work.
她把全部精力都投入到工作中去了。
[拓展]
energetically adv.精力充沛地，积极地
talk energetically满怀热情地说
He had worked energetically all day on his new book.
他一整天干劲十足地写他的新书。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The old woman is ________ energetic member in the club.
②The teenagers in our town are lively, enthusiastic and ________ (energy).
③Only if you exercise regularly can you work ________ (energetic).
④You are always full of ________ (energetic). Can you tell me the secret
⑤She has an assistant to help her out. Now she has the energy ________ (accompany) her family.
完成句子
⑥He felt bright and cheerful and ________________ (充满活力).
18)advocate n．提倡者；拥护者；鼓吹者　vt.拥护，支持，提倡)
advocate doing sth. 提倡做某事
advocate that...(should) do... 提倡/主张……做……
advocate late marriage 提倡晚婚
advocate free trade 提倡自由贸易
an advocate of free speech 言论自由的拥护者
She's a strong advocate of peace and justice.
她是和平与正义的强烈拥护者。
She is a passionate advocate of education reform.
她是一名教育改革的热情拥护者。
Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour.很多专家主张对孩子的良好表现加以奖励。
The report advocated that all buildings (should) be fitted with smoke detectors.报告主张所有的建筑物都应安装烟雾探测器。[虚拟语气：(should＋)动词原形]
[误区警示]
advocate是及物动词，接动名词而不接不定式作宾语。
advocate后接从句时，从句谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①She has always been ________ advocate for changes to English spelling, to make it easier to learn.
②Even in the old world, teaching by film has its ________ (advocate).
③He ________ (advocate) the return of capital punishment.
④We would advocate ________ (sell) those shares at current levels.
⑤They advocated that we ________ (build) a day care centre.
第二版块|重要短语
1)due to
(教材原句)It was only due to the ongoing support of his wife, parents and friends that he eventually found the will to live again.是因为在妻子、父母和朋友的不断支持下，他才最终找到了重新生活的意愿。(注：本句是“It was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分”句型)
(1)由于，因为(作状语)
The captain of the ship was advised to turn back due to a sudden heavy storm.由于突然来了一场暴风雨，船长被建议折回。(作状语，表原因)
[归纳联想]　其他“由于，因为”的表达：thanks to; because of; as a result of; on account of; owing to。
It was a great success—thanks to a lot of hard work.
由于尽心竭力，这才大获成功。
He walked slowly because of his bad leg.
他因为腿不方便而行走缓慢。
Millions will face starvation in the world next year as a result of the drought.
由于发生旱灾，明年世界上将有数百万人面临饥饿的威胁。
Trains were delayed on account of the bad weather.
由于天气不好，火车都误点了。
Owing to circumstances beyond our control, the flight to Rome has been cancelled.
由于出现了我们无法控制的情况，飞往罗马的航班已被取消。
(2)起因于(只作表语)
The delay was due to power failure.此延滞起因于停电。
The delay of the train is due to an accident.
火车晚点是因为出了事故。(作表语)
[拓展]　due adj.(车、船等)预定应到的
be due to do sth.预计要做某事
The plane is due at 9：10.飞机预定9点10分到达。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Thanks ________ Sandy, I found this great apartment.
②The water shortage is severe mainly due ________ global warming, environmental pollution and the ever increasing population.
③The flight was delayed because ________ the bad weather.
④The concert has been cancelled owing ________ lack of interest.
⑤Her heart was slightly damaged ________ a result of her long illness.
⑥He doesn't drink alcohol ________ account of his poor health.
⑦His new book is due ________ (publish) next year.
完成句子
火车预计8：00到。
⑧The train is ________ at 8：00.
2)not only...but (also)...不但……而且……/不仅……还……
(教材原句)Thus, not only is he known as a superhero in the Superman films, but he is also regarded as a superhero to many in real life.
因此，他不仅是《超人》电影中的超级英雄，在现实生活中也被许多人视为超级英雄。
[学法点拨]
(1)not only...but also...连接并列的句子成分，其变体可以是not just/merely/simply...but...(as well)。如：
She is not only beautiful, but also clever.
她不但长得漂亮，而且还很聪明。
They not simply talked but shouted and laughed.
他们不只谈话，而且又喊又笑。
(2)当not only位于句首时，句子需用部分倒装，but (also)后面不用倒装，即前倒后不倒。
Not only is she a good teacher, but she is (also) a good friend and a lovely elder sister.
她不仅仅是一个好老师，而且还是一个好朋友，一个可爱的姐姐。
Not only does singing in a group give the lungs a good workout, but it also gives a sense of community.
参加小组唱歌不仅能使肺部得到很好的锻炼，而且还能给人一种团体意识。
(3)not only...but also...连接并列主语时，谓语动词由but also后的主语决定，即“就近原则”。采用“就近原则”的结构还有：
either...or...或者……，或者……
neither...nor...既不……，也不……
not...but...不是……，而是……
Not only his parents but also Harry is leaving for London for holidays.不但他的父母而且哈里都将去伦敦度假。
Either you or he has to clean the classroom.
你或者他必须打扫教室。,[语境助记]
Mr. Li is not only a foreign minister but also a poet.李先生不仅是一位外交部长，而且还是个诗人。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The activity impressed me very much because not only ________ it train my skills of communication but also it allowed me to know more about our traditional culture.
②Not only Helen but also her friends ________ (be) going to attend the party this Sunday.
③Neither Anna nor one of her friends ________ (have) read the book written in Chinese so far.
④Not only does he write the words to the songs, ________ he composes the music as well.
句型转换
⑤He can speak not only English but also French.
________________________________________________________________________(倒装)
⑥I not only heard the car, but I actually saw it crash.
________________________________________________________________________(倒装)
第三版块|疑难句型
1)wish＋宾语从句
(教材原句)He admitted that during the early stages of living with his injury, he wished that he was dead and even thought of ending his own life.他承认，在他受伤的早期阶段，他希望自己已经死掉，甚至想过结束自己的生命。
[句式分析]　本句中，wished后跟了that引导的宾语从句。
wish后跟宾语从句时通常要用虚拟语气：
(1)表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用一般过去时。
I wish I were as young as you！但愿我和你一样年轻！(虚拟语气中be动词常用were)
(2)表示与过去事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用过去完成时。
How I wish I had been able to say the rules without a mistake！我多么想能够一点不错地把这些规则说出来啊！
(3)表示将来难以实现的愿望，从句谓语用“would/could＋动词原形”或过去将来时的其他形式。
I wish it would rain tomorrow.我希望明天会下雨。
[知识拓展]
wish后面还可以接不定式，表示大概可以实现的愿望。
I wish to go to Beijing.我希望去北京。
wish后接宾语加不定式，多表示请求和命令。
I wish you not to do that any more.希望你别再那样做了。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I ________ (have) a second chance to become more involved.
②I wish I ________ (be) at my sister's wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.
③It's rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker ________ (speak) longer.”
④Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I ________ (dance) as well as her.
⑤He is right, but I can't help wishing they ________ (will) keep those old ferries.
⑥I wish ________ (have) a chain of cafes in many different cities.
⑦I wish you ________ (not ask) me the question any more.
2)what引导的主语从句
(教材原句)What I do is based on powers we all have inside us...我所做的是基于我们每个人体内都拥有的力量……
[句式分析]　what引导主语从句时既有一定的含义，又起连接作用。在从句中可充当主语、宾语、表语。含义要根据上下文来判定。常常理解为“……的意思”，“……的内容”，“……的样子”“……的事情”等，翻译成汉语中的“的”字结构：“……的”。如：
What you did yesterday was praised by the teacher.
你昨天所做的(事)受到了老师的表扬。
[知识拓展]　what除了可以引导主语从句之外，还可以引导其他名词性从句，如表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。它引导名词性从句时可在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。
He is no longer what he used to be.
他不再是以前那个样子了。(what引导表语从句，并在从句中作表语)
I wonder what he was trying out.
我想知道他在试验什么。(what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语)
I have no idea what we can do about the exhibition.
我不知道关于展览会我们能做什么。(what引导同位语从句，并在从句中作宾语)
[易混比较]　what/that引导名词性从句的区别
·what引导名词性从句时，在从句中可以作主语、宾语或表语，what表示“……的事物”，相当于the thing(s) that。
·that引导名词性从句时，在从句中不作任何成分，也无实际含义，只起连接作用，但不可省略(宾语从句中that可省略)。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①________ impressed me most is his honesty.
②It's kind of hard to find a balance between ________ you have to do and ________ you want to do.
③I think ________ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.
④________ he didn't attend the party disappointed us a lot.
⑤The deadlines and ________ you need to apply depend on the program.
⑥People have heard ________ the President has said; they are waiting to see ________ he will do.
⑦You have no idea ________ I suffered.
⑧________ really matters is ________ she is late for work again.
3)too...to...太……而不能(表示否定意义)
(教材原句)So you can see, I'm too busy with living to think of giving up!
所以你可以看到，我忙于生活，无暇考虑是否放弃！
[句式分析]　(1)too...to...结构有时可与not...enough to...或so...that...相互转换。
He was too weak to walk.
＝He was not strong enough to walk.
＝He was so weak that he could not walk.
他身体太弱了，不能走路。
(2)当句子主语不是不定式的逻辑主语时，可在不定式前加上for sb.引出逻辑主语。
The box is too heavy for me to lift.
这个箱子太重，我提不起来。
[知识拓展]
too...to...结构在下列情况下表示肯定意义：
①too...to...结构中含有not, never等否定词时。
②too之前有only, simply, just等词时。
③当too后的形容词表示心理状态或是描述性形容词时，如anxious, eager, glad, pleased, easy, kind等。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①She was too upset ________ (spend) much time at the real museum.
②I hate it when she calls me at work—I'm always ________________ (太忙而不能) carry on a conversation with her.
③It's ________________ (越早越好) make necessary preparations for a healthy and meaningful college experience.
把下面英文句子译成汉语
④Carrying adequate batteries, however, would make the plane too heavy to get off the ground.
________________________________________________________________________
⑤She is too anxious to leave.
________________________________________________________________________
⑥He can never be too careful while crossing the street.
________________________________________________________________________
⑦It's never too late to learn.
________________________________________________________________________
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．At the continental congresses, Adams is depicted as the lead ________ (提倡者) for independence.
2．________ (伤残) can make extra demands on financial resources because the disabled need extra care.
3．The wrong ________ (态度) will have exactly the reverse effect.
4．Lack of exercise can lead to feelings of ________ (忧郁) and exhaustion.
5．In my everyday life, I am on a(n) ________ (继续进行的) journey to figure out different ways to reduce my carbon footprint on the planet.
6．He was a born mechanic with a flair for ________ (设计).
7．Despite the fact that she has been teaching English for twenty years, she is still ________ (热爱的) about teaching.
8．We become more ________ (精力充沛的), more alert, better able to take effective action.
9．Her book raised ________ (意识) of the harmful effects of chemicals on the world's lakes.
10．I am aware that the ________ (组织) of the book leaves something to be desired.
11．Fed officials continued to insist that the dollar would soon return to stability but disaster ________ (突然发生).
12．Shortages of professional staff are very ________ (严重的) in some places.
13．The green ________ (运动) lacks effective repre sentation in Parliament.
14．The media have been filled with tales of ________ (令人惊恐的事) and loss resulting from Monday's earthquake.
15．The key to success as a romantic ________ (小说家) is absolute belief in your story.
16．Eventually ________ (激情) was distilled into the natural beauty of a balmy night.
17．This is a(n) ________ (机会) to enhance the reputation of the company.
18．This college has a good academic ________ (名誉).
Ⅱ.短语填空
in support of, due to, pass away, try out, star in, keep a journal of, disable sb. from doing
1．The committee came down ____________ his application.
2．It was the first time that I had found life could so easily ____________．
3．The software is ____________ ship next month.
4．The previous year Adolphson had ____________ the latest play in which Ingrid had been an extra.
5．I highly recommend that you ____________ the examples.
6．Did you ____________ what happened to you during the journey
7．His disability ____________ joining the army.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
A
1．People who engage in ________ (threaten) behaviour should be arrested.
2．Steve was ________ (intense) curious about the world I came from.
3．He was struck down by cancer at the age ________ thirty.
4．The landscape has been radically altered, ________ (severe) damaging wildlife.
5．It is important to raise public ________ (aware) of the significance of eating a healthy diet.
6．If you tend to overeat because of ________ (depress), first take steps to recognise the source of your sadness.
7．Eventually, being unemployed produces negative attitudes ________ work.
8．The man born with ________ (disable) became the champion of the Paralympics, which was very honourable.
9．We will ________ (energetic) develop vocational education, with the focus on supporting rural secondary vocational education.
B
1．[2019·全国Ⅰ卷]Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a ________ (disable).
2．[天津二考]Now we live in a world surrounded by the “can't do” ________ (attitude).
3．[2021·北京卷]Your child has been looking for an opportunity ________ (climb) out of the window.
4．[2019·天津一考]By delaying the development of mental and physical functioning problems, people can still be engaged in society ________ their senior years.
5．[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷]The GPNP ________ (design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”．
6．[全国Ⅰ卷]Running is cheap, easy and it's always ________ (energy).
7．[2022·新高考全国Ⅱ卷]We offer scholarships to low income schools and youth ________ (organization), subject to availability.
8．[全国Ⅲ卷]Just before September, Miller ________ (strike) by a car and lost his right arm.
9．[2020·天津二考]．..loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to ________ (depress) and even crimes...
10．[2020·江苏卷]And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the ________ (commit) Wilson made to preventing the preventable.
11．[2020·江苏卷]But Wilson did not regard the accident ________ catastrophic.
12．[2020·江苏卷]Being good at something and having a passion ________ it are not enough.
13．[2021·全国乙卷]Ecotourism is commonly ________ (regard) as low impact (影响) travel to undisturbed places.
14．[天津二考]If your ________ (aware) is as sharp as it could be, you'll have no trouble answering these questions.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．遵照厂家的说明很重要。
____________________________ the manufacturer's instructions.
2．我希望你不把衣服丢得满地都是。
__________________________ your clothes all over the floor.
3．他被看作近代最成功的总统。
He ______________________ the most successful president of modern times.
4．因为她觉得这件事太难应付，就拿别人出气。
Since she'd found it ________________________ cope with, she'd taken it out on other people.
Section D　Lesson 3　The Superhero Behind Superman
新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．advocate　2.strike　3.opportunity　4.undertake
5．reputation　6.attitude　7.intense　8.biography
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．awareness　2.organisation　3.movement　4.depression　5.commitment　6.horrible　7.regarding　8.novelist
9．journalist　10.passionate　11.designer　12.energetic
13．disability　14.nightmare
Ⅲ.重点短语
A
1．被认为，被看作　2.某人热衷于做某事　3.主演；在……中担任主角　4.在舞台上表演　5.参加……选拔
6．感觉好像……　7.受困于……　8.陷入抑郁状态
9．由于，因为　10.把注意力集中于……　11.支持
12．以……为基础　13.受困于　14.对……敏感
15．和组织合作
B
1．the opportunity to do sth.　2.gain a reputation for　3.raise awareness for　4.speak out about　5.throw...off...　6.a sense of energy and commitment　7.undertake an intense exercise programme　8.engage in　9.(be) designed to do sth.
10．a passionate and energetic advocate　11.a positive attitude
12．pass away　13.be remembered as　14.take notes of　
15．a superhero in real life
课文研析·语篇理解
Ⅱ.课文阅读理解
1．C　2.B　3.D　4.D
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
1．is regarded　2.awareness　3.in　4.struck　5.so　6.that
7．to return　8.energetic　9.raising　10.Sadly
核心探究·讲练互动
第一版块|核心单词
1．①Regarding　②for　③regards　④With/In　⑤as　⑥was regarded　⑦without　⑧名词，尊重　⑨动词，看作
2．①in　②with　③of　④for　⑤about　⑥passionate
⑦have a passion for
3．①an　②opportunities　③to get　④miss the opportunity
4．①of　②of　③medical journal
5．①a　②for　③as　④earn a reputation　⑤lives up to its reputation　⑥has a reputation for
6．①An　②awareness　③of　④that　⑤As you're aware　⑥became aware of
7．①organisations　②an　③is organised　④organised
⑤organiser/organisers　⑥the organisation of/for the conference　⑦organise a concert
8．①struck　②stricken　③(most) striking　④Struck　⑤It　⑥into　⑦as　⑧名词，罢工　⑨动词，忽然想到　⑩动词，划(火柴)　 动词，敲击　 It struck/hit/occurred to me that
9．①with/on　②severely　③herself　④be very severe with　⑤suffered severe losses　⑥are severe on yourself
10．①movement　②moved　③on　④about/around
⑤movable　⑥moved　⑦move about/around　⑧was moved to tears
11．①depression　②depresses　③depressed　④depressing　⑤about　⑥is depressed　⑦in a state of depression
12．①commitment　②to pay　③settling　④committed　⑤is committed　⑥to　⑦have made/made a commitment
⑧committing themselves to working
13．①to finish　②undertaken　③undertook the responsibility for　④that I have ever undertaken
14．①An　②intensely　③剧烈的　④热情的　⑤紧张的
15．①in　②making　③engagements　④engaged　⑤to
⑥engaged　⑦in　⑧an　⑨herself　⑩to pay　 聘请
参与　 订婚　 雇用
16．①is designed　②for　③as　④designed　⑤by
⑥designers　⑦by design　⑧was designed for　⑨is designed to
17．①an　②energetic　③energetically　④energy　⑤to accompany　⑥full of energy
18．①an　②advocates　③advocates　④selling
⑤(should) build
第二版块|重要短语
1．①to　②to　③of　④to　⑤as　⑥on　⑦to be published　⑧due
2．①did　②are　③has　④but　⑤Not only can he speak English but also French.　⑥Not only did I hear the car, but I actually saw it crash.
第三版块|疑难句型
1．①had　②had been　③had spoken　④danced　⑤would　⑥to have　⑦not to ask
2．①What　②what; what　③what　④That　⑤what
⑥what; what　⑦what　⑧What; that
3．①to spend　②too busy to　③never too early to　④然而，携带足够的电池会使飞机太重而无法起飞。　⑤她急于离开。　⑥横穿马路时，他怎么小心也不为过/越小心越好。　⑦活到老学到老。
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．advocate　2.Disability　3.attitude　4.depression
5．ongoing　6.design　7.passionate　8.energetic
9．awareness　10.organisation　11.struck　12.severe
13．movement　14.horror　15.novelist　16.passion
17．opportunity　18.reputation
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．in support of　2.pass away　3.due to　4.starred in　5.try out　6.keep a journal of　7.disabled him from
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
A
1．threatening　2.intensely　3.of　4.severely　5.awareness　6.depression　7.to/towards　8.disability　9.energetically
B
1．答案与解析：disability　句意：有些职位要求学生年龄在15至24岁之间，对于残疾人士，年龄可放宽至29岁。
2．答案与解析：attitudes　句意：现在我们生活在一个被“不能做”的态度包围的世界里。
3．答案与解析：to climb　an opportunity to do sth.“做某事的机会”。句意：你的孩子一直在找机会从窗户爬出去。
4．答案与解析：in　句意：通过延迟心理和生理功能问题的发展，人们仍然可以在晚年参与社会活动。
5．答案与解析：is designed　be designed to do sth.“旨在做某事”。句意：大熊猫国家公园旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，并为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。
6．答案与解析：energetic　句意：跑步既便宜又容易，而且总是充满活力。
7．答案与解析：organizations　根据and前面的schools是复数形式可判断，此处也是复数形式。句意：我们为低收入学校和青年组织提供奖学金，视情况而定。
8．答案与解析：was struck　句意：就在九月之前，米勒被一辆小汽车撞了，失去了右臂。
9．答案与解析：depression　句中to是介词，后跟名词。句意：……孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪……
10．答案与解析：commitment　用名词作of的宾语。句意：因为威尔逊对预防可预防情况所做的贡献，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人得以看见光明。
11．答案与解析：as　regard...as...“把……认为……”。句意：但威尔逊并不认为这次事故是灾难性的。
12．答案与解析：for　have a passion for“对……有激情”。句意：仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的。
13．答案与解析：regarded　be regarded as“被认为是”。句意：生态旅游通常被认为是对生态未被破坏的地方影响较小的旅游。
14．答案与解析：awareness　句意：如果你的意识足够敏锐，你回答这些问题就不会有困难。
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．It is important to follow　2.I wish you wouldn't leave
3．was regarded as 　4.too hard to(共40张PPT)
Section E　Writing Workshop，
Viewing Workshop & Reading Clubs 1～2
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．____________ n. 概要；摘要，总结
2．____________ adj. 勇敢的
3．____________ adv. 原先，最初
summary
daring
originally
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．remark vi.谈起，谈论　n．言论；评论→________ adj.显著的；值得注意的，出众的
2．-graphy(名词后缀)表示(1)“书写等的方法方式”(2)“写的东西”→________ n．传记→________ n．书法→photography n．摄影术→autobiography n．自传→biographer n．传记作者
3．bio-(前缀)生物的→________ n．生物学→__________n.生物化学→__________ n．生物多样性
remarkable
biography
calligraphy
biology
biochemistry
biodiversity
Ⅲ.重点短语(英汉互译)
A 写出下列短语的汉意
1．write a summary of ________________
2．leave out ________________
3．a medical pioneer ________________
4．be awarded...for... ________________
5．major in ________________
6．test the medicine on ________________
7．be uninterested in ________________
8．prefer to do sth. ________________
9．divide...into... ________________
10．write out ________________
写……的概要
忽略；删掉；遗漏
一个医学先锋
因……而被授予……
主修……
在……上测试药物
对……不感兴趣
更愿意做某事
把……分为……
写出
B 写出下列汉语所对应的英语短语
1．________________ 学中医
2．________________ 成立，建立
3．________________ 未能做某事
4．________________ 求助于……
5．________________ 为了……
6．________________ 把……和……匹配起来
7．________________ 某人对……的态度
8．________________ 必要时
9．________________ 能，能够
study Chinese medicine
set up
fail to do sth.
turn to...
in order to...
match...with...
one's attitude towards...
where/when necessary
be able to
第一版块|核心单词
1)summary n．概要；摘要；总结(→summarise v．总结；概括；概述))
(教材原句)You are going to write a summary of the text “The Superhero Behind Superman”．
你要写《〈超人〉背后的超级英雄》这篇文章的概要。
in summary (＝to sum up) 总之，总的来说，归纳起来
write a summary of 写……的概要
make a summary 作总结
to summarise 简而言之
a news summary 新闻综述
Having seen the film, you should write a summary of it.
看完这部电影后，你应该写一篇它的概要。
In summary, this was a disappointing performance.
总的来说，这是一场令人失望的演出。
The authors summarise their views in the introduction.
作者在序言里概述了他们的观点。
What follows is a brief summary of the process.
接下来是对此流程的一个简短概括。
Basically, the article can be summarised in three sentences.
基本上，这篇文章可用三句话概括。
[联想]　
“总之”的其他表达：in a word, in short, in brief, all in all
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①What followed was a ________ (summarise) of the day filled with a strong feeling such as love or hate.
②________ summary, nobody knows the source of the disease.
③Let's get down to discussing how to write ________ summary of the passage.
④At yesterday's meeting, Jane _________ (summary) the contents of the new policy in several sentences.
完成句子
⑤__________(总之), we must try our best to protect our environment.
summary　
In
a
summarised
In summary
2)daring adj.勇敢的，大胆的　dare v．敢于；胆敢　daringly adv.大胆地；毅然地
(教材原句)Your loved ones were daring and brave...
你所爱的人勇敢无畏……
a daring crime 公然的罪行
a daring walk in space 勇敢的太空漫步
a daring young man 勇敢的年轻人
He realised this to be a very daring thing to ask.
他意识到这是一个非常大胆的问题。
His daring rescue saved the lives of the youngsters.
他英勇的救援行动挽救了那些少年的生命。
Tom was probably more daring than I was.
汤姆可能比我胆子还大。
She said it as loudly as she dared.
她壮着胆子大声说了出来。
He didn't dare (to) say what he thought.
他不敢说出他的想法。
[拓展]　
how dare you你竟敢
I dare say我想，我认为
[语境助记]　
They daren't ask for any more money.
他们不敢再要钱了。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The gallery was known for putting on ________ (dare) exhibitions.
②Two of the ________ (daring) elephants walked over to the gate.
完成句子
③____________ (你竟敢) pick up the phone and listen in on my conversations!
④There is something wrong with the TV set, __________(我认为).
daring
daring
How dare you
I dare say
3)originally adv.原先，最初　original adj.最初的；原始的；独创的；新颖的　origin n．起源；由来；起因；出身
(教材原句)France originally refused to sign the treaty.
最初法国拒绝签署该条约。
a highly original design 非常独特的设计
in origin 在来源上
the origin of the word 词源
the origins of life on earth 地球上生命的起源
your original plan 你原来的计划
an original idea 独到的见解
an original thinker 有创意的人
Young upper middle-class people in London, have begun to adopt some regional accents, in order to hide their class origins.
伦敦年轻的中上层阶级人群开始采用一些地区口音，以隐藏他们的阶级出身。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The ________ (origin) iron boxes with the round roofs first appeared in 1926.
②________ (original) called Lili, she eventually shortened her name to Lee.
③Our ________ (origin) plan wasn't very good.
④Nobody knows the ________ (original) of the rumor.
⑤The teacher is talking about the _____ (original) of human civilization.
⑥He is an ________ (origin) writer.
original
Originally
original
origin
origin
original
第二版块|重要短语
1)in spite of 尽管……(仍……)；虽然；不顾
(教材原句)In spite of everything I still believe that people are really good at heart.尽管如此，我仍然相信人的内心是善良的。
In spite of his age, he still leads an active life.
尽管年事已高，他依旧过着一种忙碌的生活。
In spite of what you say, I still believe he is honest.
不管你说什么，我还是相信他是诚实的。
He failed the test in spite of all his hard studying.
他尽管学习很努力，可考试还是没及格。
[特别提醒]　in spite of/despite是(短语)介词，后面不可以直接跟that从句，但可以用in spite of/despite the fact that...(这里的the fact作in spite of或despite的宾语；that从句是同位语从句，作the fact的同位语)。
They made it on time in spite of the fact that they got a flat tyre.尽管汽车轮胎瘪了，他们还是准时到达了。

[特别提示]　in spite of后面可以接名词、代词或者动词-ing形式，也可以接what引导的名词性名词。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①In spite ________ all your talk you never seem to come to the point.
②He stuck to his opinion in spite of ________ I had said.
③He has modern ideas ________ spite of his great age.
④Despite ________ (apply) for hundreds of jobs, he is still out of work.
⑤In spite of the fact ________ I failed the exam, I will never give up.
of
what
in
applying
that
2)major in主修……
He majors in civil engineering.他主修土木工程。
They major in Chinese.他们主修中文。
a major road 一条干道
the major causes of sth. 某事的主要原因
play a major role/part in sth. 在某事中起重要作用
a major international company 大型国际公司
one's major 某人的专业
an English major 英语专业的学生
the majority of 大多数……
in a/the majority 占大多数
Selected from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years.这是他四十多年来首次举办的大型作品展，此次展览精选自世界各地的藏品。
Drug abuse has long been a major problem for the authorities there.长期以来吸毒一直是那里当局面临的一大难题。
What is your major？你的主修科目是什么？
The majority of the people supported the party.
大多数的国民都支持这个党派。
[知识拓展]　
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①_____________________ major is a person full of age.
②This party won ________ majority in the national election.
③The ________ (major) is/are against the plan.
④The bill (提案) was passed by ________ large majority (票数).
完成句子
事实上，他激励我在大学主修英语。
⑤In fact, he inspires me to _________ English in college.
A(a major意为“成年人”)
a
majority
a
major in
3)turn to求助于；致力于
(教材原句)When in trouble, I always turn to my parents for help.遇到麻烦时，我总是求助于父母。
turn to sb. for help 向某人求助
turn to improving air quality 致力于改善空气质量
turn up 调高(音量等)；出现，到来
turn down 调低(音量等)；拒绝
turn on 打开(水、煤气、电灯等)
turn off 关掉(水、煤气、电灯等)
turn out 结果是，证明是
There was no one to turn to, no one to tell.
没人可以求助，没人可以诉说。
How could you turn down such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months
你失业好几个月了，怎么能拒绝这么好的工作呢？
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①When I am in trouble, I always turn ________ my friends for help.
②Would you please turn ________ your TV a bit It's too noisy.
③What he said to me yesterday turned ________ to be true.
完成句子
④最后，我将依靠我自己，但我仍想在我需要帮助的时候求助于父母。
At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to ________ my parents whenever I need help.
to
down
out
turn to
4)prefer to do sth.宁愿做某事
(教材原句)I prefer to think of peace not war.
我更喜欢思考和平而不是战争。
prefer A to B 喜欢A胜过B
prefer doing...(to doing...) 宁愿做……(而不愿做……)
prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事
prefer to do... rather than do...
＝would rather do...than do...
宁愿做……而不愿意做……
I prefer tea to coffee.
我喜欢茶胜过咖啡。
I prefer having tea to having coffee.
我喜欢喝茶而不喜欢喝咖啡。
I prefer to play basketball rather than play football.
＝I would rather play basketball than play football.
我宁愿打篮球而不愿踢足球。

[误区提醒]　prefer本身已具有比较意味，相当于like...better，因此不能再与better, more等词连用。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①That is why fish prefer shallow water ________ deep water because the former is warmer.
②I prefer bananas ________ apples.
③He preferred ________ (die)rather than ________ (steal)
＝He preferred ________ (die) instead of ________ (steal).
④I prefer ________ (swim) to ________ (skate).
⑤I prefer you ________ (come) to the blackboard and write some new words on it.
to
to
to die
(to) steal
to die
stealing
swimming
skating
to come
第三版块|疑难句型
1)介词短语(作表语)前置引起的完全倒装
(教材原句)Among them was Sharon Christa Auliffe, a secondary school teacher...其中一位是莎伦·克里斯塔·麦考利芙，她是一名中学教师……
[句式分析]　本句采用了完全倒装结构，介词短语(作表语)置于句首表示强调。再如：
Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles, turkeys and toys.商品中有圣诞树、花、蜡烛、火鸡和玩具。

[知识拓展]　(1)为保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密，可把介词短语、形容词或分词提到句首，构成完全倒装。
On her left sat her husband.她左边坐着她的丈夫。
Present at the meeting are some great scientists.
出席会议的是一些伟大的科学家。
(2)here, there等方位副词及now, then等时间副词位于句首，谓语为be, come, go, leave, run等表示动作趋向或状态(be)的动词，且主语是名词时，用完全倒装。
Here's your pen.这是你的钢笔。
Now comes your turn.现在轮到你了。
(3)away, down, in, off, out, over, round, up等副词位于句首，且主语是名词时，也用完全倒装语序。这类倒装句的谓语通常是表示动态的不及物动词。
Away went the runners.赛跑选手们跑远了。
(4)there be句型属于完全倒装结构，该句型中be还可用appear, lie, live, stand, remain, exist等表示存在的动词替换。
There lived a cruel king in the castle.
在城堡里住着一位残忍的国王。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Folded in the card ________ (be) a piece of paper; written on the card was a message under the printed “Happy Birthday”．
②—Is everyone here
—Not yet...Look, there ________ (come) the rest of our guests!
③There ________ (stand) a girl who is singing English songs.
④At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River ________ (lie) Chongqing, one of the ten largest cities in China.
⑤The child tiptoed quietly to the bird, but away ________ (fly) the bird into the forest when he was about to catch it.
完成句子
⑥一听到火警，他就跑了出来。
_____________ on hearing the fire alarm.
was
come
stands
lies
flew
Out he rushed
2)This/That was a time when...这/那是一个……的时期。
(教材原句)This was a time when the German Nazis were killing Jews.当时德国纳粹正在杀害犹太人。
[句式分析]　该句式中，when引导定语从句，修饰a time, when在从句中作时间状语。
This was a time when people devoted all their energy to work.这是一个人们全身心投入工作的时代。
That was a time when people went through many sufferings.那是一个人们经历许多苦难的时代。
[拓展]　There was a time when...曾经有一段时间……(when引导定语从句)
There was a time when I was depressed.曾经有一段时间我很抑郁。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①That was a time ________ many people were out of work and had difficulty earning their living.
②This was a time ________ a great number of people went abroad.
③There was a time ________ I was addicted to playing with my smartphone.
when
when
when
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Only by establishing confidence can we ________ (完成) our goal. Nevertheless, many people especially teenagers suffer from a lack of confidence.
2．I can give you a quick ________ (总结) of how whales hold their breath underwater.
3．There are a variety of activities at the resort for the less ________ (勇敢的).
4．The symbol of the organisation was ________ (最初) just the Red Cross.
accomplish
summary
daring　
originally
Ⅱ.短语填空
major in, in spite of, a number of, turn to, 　
belong to
1．The report highlights ____________ instances of injustice.
2．_________ all these sufferings, he never despairs of living a better life.
3．This is a soft movement and it ________ t'ai chi.
4．I want to ________ biology because I have long wondered about the origin of life.
5．When a child feels frightened, he will ______ his parents.
a number of
In spite of
belongs to
major in
turn to
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
A
1．She prefers to be a journalist ________ a novelist.
2．For a novelist, that's quite an _____________ (accomplish).
3．The designers who undertake green fashion avoid ________ (face) many challenges.
4．As a person who has ability in being responsible for his own, to ________ (daring) face reality and courageously meet challenges may be the most important key to success.
5．Central to the operation is a mile-deep well, dug ________ (original) to explore for oil.
to
accomplishment　
facing　
daringly　
originally
B
1．[2020·天津二考]He convinced the police department to allow him to set ________ a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks.
2．[2019·天津二考]In spite ________ all the problems, several of the players produced excellent performances.
1．答案与解析：up　set up设置；安装。句意：他说服警察局允许他在当地的两个公园里设置几张“聊天长椅”。
2．答案与解析：of　句意：尽管有所有这些问题，但几个运动员的表现还是很出色。
3．[2021·全国甲卷]It was built ________ (original) to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).
4．[2019·天津一考]When I graduated from high school, I wanted to major ________ comparative literature.
5．[2019·全国Ⅲ卷]It took a few youthful and ________ (dare) businessmen to get the ball rolling.
3．答案与解析：originally　副词修饰动词。句意：它最初是在唐代为了保护城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。
4．答案与解析：in　句意：高中毕业后，我想主修比较文学。
5．答案与解析：daring　句意：这需要一些年轻而大胆的商人来推动。
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．那段时间他的公司是不断发展的。
_________________ his company was ongoing.
2．书的结尾是这篇文章的一个概要。
_________________ is a summary of the article.
3．总的来说，这场演出非常令人失望。
__________， this was a severely disappointing performance.
4．我成为一名教师是因为我更喜欢书籍和充满活力的学生而不是政治。
I became a teacher because I _______ books and energetic students ____ politics.
5．在他们当中站着一位老师，他的名字叫王小凯。
_______________ a teacher, whose name is Wang Xiaokai.
That was a time when
At the end of the book
In summary
preferred
to
Among them standsSection E　Writing Workshop，Viewing Workshop & Reading Clubs 1～2
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．____________ n. 概要；摘要，总结
2．____________ adj. 勇敢的
3．____________ adv. 原先，最初
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．remark vi.谈起，谈论　n．言论；评论→________ adj.显著的；值得注意的，出众的
2． graphy(名词后缀)表示(1)“书写等的方法方式”(2)“写的东西”→________ n．传记→________ n．书法→photography n．摄影术→autobiography n．自传→biographer n．传记作者
3．bio (前缀)生物的→________ n．生物学→________n.生物化学→________ n．生物多样性
Ⅲ.重点短语(英汉互译)
A 写出下列短语的汉意
1．write a summary of ________________
2．leave out ________________
3．a medical pioneer ________________
4．be awarded...for... ________________
5．major in ________________
6．test the medicine on ________________
7．be uninterested in ________________
8．prefer to do sth. ________________
9．divide...into... ________________
10．write out ________________
B 写出下列汉语所对应的英语短语
1．________________ 学中医
2．________________ 成立，建立
3．________________ 未能做某事
4．________________ 求助于……
5．________________ 为了……
6．________________ 把……和……匹配起来
7．________________ 某人对……的态度
8．________________ 必要时
9．________________ 能，能够
第一版块|核心单词
1)summary n．概要；摘要；总结(→summarise v．总结；概括；概述))
(教材原句)You are going to write a summary of the text “The Superhero Behind Superman”．
你要写《〈超人〉背后的超级英雄》这篇文章的概要。
in summary (＝to sum up) 总之，总的来说，归纳起来
write a summary of 写……的概要
make a summary 作总结
to summarise 简而言之
a news summary 新闻综述
Having seen the film, you should write a summary of it.
看完这部电影后，你应该写一篇它的概要。
In summary, this was a disappointing performance.
总的来说，这是一场令人失望的演出。
The authors summarise their views in the introduction.
作者在序言里概述了他们的观点。
What follows is a brief summary of the process.
接下来是对此流程的一个简短概括。
Basically, the article can be summarised in three sentences.
基本上，这篇文章可用三句话概括。
[联想]　
“总之”的其他表达：in a word, in short, in brief, all in all
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①What followed was a ________ (summarise) of the day filled with a strong feeling such as love or hate.
②________ summary, nobody knows the source of the disease.
③Let's get down to discussing how to write ________ summary of the passage.
④At yesterday's meeting, Jane ______ (summary) the contents of the new policy in several sentences.
完成句子
⑤____________________(总之), we must try our best to protect our environment.
2)daring adj.勇敢的，大胆的　dare v．敢于；胆敢　daringly adv.大胆地；毅然地)
(教材原句)Your loved ones were daring and brave...
你所爱的人勇敢无畏……
a daring crime 公然的罪行
a daring walk in space 勇敢的太空漫步
a daring young man 勇敢的年轻人
He realised this to be a very daring thing to ask.
他意识到这是一个非常大胆的问题。
His daring rescue saved the lives of the youngsters.
他英勇的救援行动挽救了那些少年的生命。
Tom was probably more daring than I was.
汤姆可能比我胆子还大。
She said it as loudly as she dared.
她壮着胆子大声说了出来。
He didn't dare (to) say what he thought.
他不敢说出他的想法。
[拓展]　
how dare you你竟敢
I dare say我想，我认为
[语境助记]　
They daren't ask for any more money.
他们不敢再要钱了。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The gallery was known for putting on ________ (dare) exhibitions.
②Two of the ________ (daring) elephants walked over to the gate.
完成句子
③________________________(你竟敢) pick up the phone and listen in on my conversations!
④There is something wrong with the TV set, __________________(我认为).
3)originally adv.原先，最初　original adj.最初的；原始的；独创的；新颖的　origin n．起源；由来；起因；出身)
(教材原句)France originally refused to sign the treaty.
最初法国拒绝签署该条约。
a highly original design 非常独特的设计
in origin 在来源上
the origin of the word 词源
the origins of life on earth 地球上生命的起源
your original plan 你原来的计划
an original idea 独到的见解
an original thinker 有创意的人
Young upper middle class people in London, have begun to adopt some regional accents, in order to hide their class origins.伦敦年轻的中上层阶级人群开始采用一些地区口音，以隐藏他们的阶级出身。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①The ________ (origin) iron boxes with the round roofs first appeared in 1926.
②________ (original) called Lili, she eventually shortened her name to Lee.
③Our ________ (origin) plan wasn't very good.
④Nobody knows the ________ (original) of the rumor.
⑤The teacher is talking about the ________ (original) of human civilization.
⑥He is an ________ (origin) writer.
第二版块|重要短语
1)in spite of 尽管……(仍……)；虽然；不顾
(教材原句)In spite of everything I still believe that people are really good at heart.尽管如此，我仍然相信人的内心是善良的。
In spite of his age, he still leads an active life.
尽管年事已高，他依旧过着一种忙碌的生活。
In spite of what you say, I still believe he is honest.
不管你说什么，我还是相信他是诚实的。
He failed the test in spite of all his hard studying.
他尽管学习很努力，可考试还是没及格。
[特别提醒]　in spite of/despite是(短语)介词，后面不可以直接跟that从句，但可以用in spite of/despite the fact that...(这里的the fact作in spite of或despite的宾语；that从句是同位语从句，作the fact的同位语)。
They made it on time in spite of the fact that they got a flat tyre.尽管汽车轮胎瘪了，他们还是准时到达了。
[特别提示]　in spite of后面可以接名词、代词或者动词 ing形式，也可以接what引导的名词性名词。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①In spite ________ all your talk you never seem to come to the point.
②He stuck to his opinion in spite of ________ I had said.
③He has modern ideas ________ spite of his great age.
④Despite ________ (apply) for hundreds of jobs, he is still out of work.
⑤In spite of the fact ________ I failed the exam, I will never give up.
2)major in主修……
He majors in civil engineering.他主修土木工程。
They major in Chinese.他们主修中文。
a major road 一条干道
the major causes of sth. 某事的主要原因
play a major role/part in sth. 在某事中起重要作用
a major international company 大型国际公司
one's major 某人的专业
an English major 英语专业的学生
the majority of 大多数……
in a/the majority 占大多数
Selected from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years.这是他四十多年来首次举办的大型作品展，此次展览精选自世界各地的藏品。
Drug abuse has long been a major problem for the authorities there.长期以来吸毒一直是那里当局面临的一大难题。
What is your major？你的主修科目是什么？
The majority of the people supported the party.
大多数的国民都支持这个党派。
[知识拓展]　
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①________ major is a person full of age.
②This party won ________ majority in the national election.
③The ________ (major) is/are against the plan.
④The bill (提案) was passed by ________ large majority (票数).
完成句子
事实上，他激励我在大学主修英语。
⑤In fact, he inspires me to ________________________ English in college.
3)turn to求助于；致力于
(教材原句)When in trouble, I always turn to my parents for help.遇到麻烦时，我总是求助于父母。
turn to sb. for help 向某人求助
turn to improving air quality 致力于改善空气质量
turn up 调高(音量等)；出现，到来
turn down 调低(音量等)；拒绝
turn on 打开(水、煤气、电灯等)
turn off 关掉(水、煤气、电灯等)
turn out 结果是，证明是
There was no one to turn to, no one to tell.
没人可以求助，没人可以诉说。
How could you turn down such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months
你失业好几个月了，怎么能拒绝这么好的工作呢？
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①When I am in trouble, I always turn ________ my friends for help.
②Would you please turn ________ your TV a bit It's too noisy.
③What he said to me yesterday turned ________ to be true.
完成句子
④最后，我将依靠我自己，但我仍想在我需要帮助的时候求助于父母。
At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to __________________ my parents whenever I need help.
4)prefer to do sth.宁愿做某事)
(教材原句)I prefer to think of peace not war.
我更喜欢思考和平而不是战争。
prefer A to B 喜欢A胜过B
prefer doing...(to doing...) 宁愿做……(而不愿做……)
prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事
prefer to do... rather than do...
＝would rather do...than do...
宁愿做……而不愿意做……
I prefer tea to coffee.
我喜欢茶胜过咖啡。
I prefer having tea to having coffee.
我喜欢喝茶而不喜欢喝咖啡。
I prefer to play basketball rather than play football.
＝I would rather play basketball than play football.
我宁愿打篮球而不愿踢足球。
[误区提醒]　prefer本身已具有比较意味，相当于like...better，因此不能再与better, more等词连用。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①That is why fish prefer shallow water ________ deep water because the former is warmer.
②I prefer bananas ________ apples.
③He preferred ________ (die)rather than ________ (steal)
＝He preferred ________ (die) instead of ________ (steal).
④I prefer ________ (swim) to ________ (skate).
⑤I prefer you ________ (come) to the blackboard and write some new words on it.
第三版块|疑难句型
1)介词短语(作表语)前置引起的完全倒装
(教材原句)Among them was Sharon Christa Auliffe, a secondary school teacher...其中一位是莎伦·克里斯塔·麦考利芙，她是一名中学教师……
[句式分析]　本句采用了完全倒装结构，介词短语(作表语)置于句首表示强调。再如：
Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles, turkeys and toys.商品中有圣诞树、花、蜡烛、火鸡和玩具。
[知识拓展]　(1)为保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密，可把介词短语、形容词或分词提到句首，构成完全倒装。
On her left sat her husband.她左边坐着她的丈夫。
Present at the meeting are some great scientists.
出席会议的是一些伟大的科学家。
(2)here, there等方位副词及now, then等时间副词位于句首，谓语为be, come, go, leave, run等表示动作趋向或状态(be)的动词，且主语是名词时，用完全倒装。
Here's your pen.这是你的钢笔。
Now comes your turn.现在轮到你了。
(3)away, down, in, off, out, over, round, up等副词位于句首，且主语是名词时，也用完全倒装语序。这类倒装句的谓语通常是表示动态的不及物动词。
Away went the runners.赛跑选手们跑远了。
(4)there be句型属于完全倒装结构，该句型中be还可用appear, lie, live, stand, remain, exist等表示存在的动词替换。
There lived a cruel king in the castle.
在城堡里住着一位残忍的国王。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Folded in the card ________ (be) a piece of paper; written on the card was a message under the printed “Happy Birthday”．
②—Is everyone here
—Not yet...Look, there ________ (come) the rest of our guests!
③There ________ (stand) a girl who is singing English songs.
④At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River ________ (lie) Chongqing, one of the ten largest cities in China.
⑤The child tiptoed quietly to the bird, but away ________ (fly) the bird into the forest when he was about to catch it.
完成句子
⑥一听到火警，他就跑了出来。
________________________ on hearing the fire alarm.
2)This/That was a time when...这/那是一个……的时期。
(教材原句)This was a time when the German Nazis were killing Jews.当时德国纳粹正在杀害犹太人。
[句式分析]　该句式中，when引导定语从句，修饰a time, when在从句中作时间状语。
This was a time when people devoted all their energy to work.这是一个人们全身心投入工作的时代。
That was a time when people went through many sufferings.那是一个人们经历许多苦难的时代。
[拓展]　There was a time when...曾经有一段时间……(when引导定语从句)
There was a time when I was depressed.曾经有一段时间我很抑郁。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①That was a time ________ many people were out of work and had difficulty earning their living.
②This was a time ________ a great number of people went abroad.
③There was a time ________ I was addicted to playing with my smartphone.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Only by establishing confidence can we ________ (完成) our goal. Nevertheless, many people especially teenagers suffer from a lack of confidence.
2．I can give you a quick ________ (总结) of how whales hold their breath underwater.
3．There are a variety of activities at the resort for the less ________ (勇敢的).
4．The symbol of the organisation was ________ (最初) just the Red Cross.
Ⅱ.短语填空
major in, in spite of, a number of, turn to, 　
belong to
1．The report highlights ____________ instances of injustice.
2．____________ all these sufferings, he never despairs of living a better life.
3．This is a soft movement and it ____________ t'ai chi.
4．I want to ____________ biology because I have long wondered about the origin of life.
5．When a child feels frightened, he will ____________ his parents.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
A
1．She prefers to be a journalist ________ a novelist.
2．For a novelist, that's quite an ________ (accomplish).
3．The designers who undertake green fashion avoid ________ (face) many challenges.
4．As a person who has ability in being responsible for his own, to ________ (daring) face reality and courageously meet challenges may be the most important key to success.
5．Central to the operation is a mile deep well, dug ________ (original) to explore for oil.
B
1．[2020·天津二考]He convinced the police department to allow him to set ________ a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks.
2．[2019·天津二考]In spite ________ all the problems, several of the players produced excellent performances.
3．[2021·全国甲卷]It was built ________ (original) to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).
4．[2019·天津一考]When I graduated from high school, I wanted to major ________ comparative literature.
5．[2019·全国Ⅲ卷]It took a few youthful and ________ (dare) businessmen to get the ball rolling.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．那段时间他的公司是不断发展的。
______________________________ his company was ongoing.
2．书的结尾是这篇文章的一个概要。
______________________________ is a summary of the article.
3．总的来说，这场演出非常令人失望。
________________， this was a severely disappointing performance.
4．我成为一名教师是因为我更喜欢书籍和充满活力的学生而不是政治。
I became a teacher because I ________ books and energetic students ________ politics.
5．在他们当中站着一位老师，他的名字叫王小凯。
____________________________ a teacher, whose name is Wang Xiaokai.
Section E　Writing Workshop, Viewing Workshop & Reading Clubs 1～2
新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．summary　2.daring　3.originally
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．remarkable　2.biography; calligraphy　3.biology; biochemistry; biodiversity
Ⅲ.重点短语
A
1．写……的概要　2.忽略；删掉；遗漏　3.一个医学先锋
4．因……而被授予……　5.主修……　6.在……上测试药物
7．对……不感兴趣　8.更愿意做某事　9.把……分为……　10.写出
B
1．study Chinese medicine　2.set up　3.fail to do sth.
4．turn to...　5.in order to...　6.match...with...
7．one's attitude towards...　8.where/when necessary
9．be able to
核心探究·讲练互动
第一版块|核心单词
1．①summary　②In　③a　④summarised　⑤In summary
2．①daring　②daring　③How dare you　④I dare say
3．①original　②Originally　③original　④origin　⑤origin　⑥original
第二版块|重要短语
1．①of　②what　③in　④applying　⑤that
2．①A(a major意为“成年人”)　②a　③majority　④a
⑤major in
3．①to　②down　③out　④turn to
4．①to　②to　③to die　(to) steal　to die　stealing
④swimming　skating　⑤to come
第三版块|疑难句型
1．①was　②come　③stands　④lies　⑤flew　⑥Out he rushed
2．①when　②when　③when
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．accomplish　2.summary　3.daring　4.originally
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．a number of　2.In spite of　3.belongs to　4.major in
5．turn to
Ⅲ.单句语法填空A
1．to　2.accomplishment　3.facing　4.daringly　5.originally
B
1．答案与解析：up　set up设置；安装。句意：他说服警察局允许他在当地的两个公园里设置几张“聊天长椅”。
2．答案与解析：of　句意：尽管有所有这些问题，但几个运动员的表现还是很出色。
3．答案与解析：originally　副词修饰动词。句意：它最初是在唐代为了保护城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。
4．答案与解析：in　句意：高中毕业后，我想主修比较文学。
5．答案与解析：daring　句意：这需要一些年轻而大胆的商人来推动。
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．That was a time when　2.At the end of the book　3.In summary　4.preferred; to　5.Among them stands(共32张PPT)
Section F　单元语法专项——
“介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句
(一) “介词＋which/whom”的用法
我们知道，关系代词在定语从句中可以作宾语，包括及物动词的宾语和介词的宾语。关系代词作介词宾语时，介词通常放在定语从句的末尾。但在很多情况下，需要把介词放在关系代词的前面。这就是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。具体使用什么介词，可能与先行词的固定搭配有关，可能与定语从句中动词的要求有关，可能与定语从句中形容词的搭配有关。还有一种可能，就是与定语从句所要表达的具体意思有关。
关系副词when，where，why引导定语从句时，关系副词也可用“介词＋关系代词”代替。在“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which或whom，不可用that或who。先行词指物时用which，先行词指人时用whom。“介词＋which/whom”是定语从句中常见的语言现象，也是同学们不易掌握的一个语法项目，问题的关键是这个“介词”较难确定。但它是有规律可循的，有以下几种情况：
1．“介词＋which”可以替代关系副词when，where，why
(1)替代when
I'll never forget the day on which(＝when) my son was born.
我永远忘不了我儿子出生的那一天。(on依据on the day确定)
The year in which(＝when) the earthquake happened was 2008.
发生地震的那年是2008年。(in依据in the year确定)
(2)替代where
This is the farm on which(＝where) I used to work.
这就是我过去工作过的农场。(on依据on the farm确定)
He forgot the exact place in which(＝where) he had hidden the jewellery.他忘记了埋藏珠宝的确切地点。(in依据in the exact place确定)
(3)替代why
I'd like you to explain the reason for which(＝why) you refused my offer of help.我想让你解释一下你拒绝我帮助的原因。(for依据for the reason确定)
2．依据与先行词的固定搭配确定使用什么介词
I'll never forget the time during which I was with my friends in the country.我永远不会忘记和朋友们一起在乡村度过的时光。(during依据during the time确定)
I will offer you a better way in which you can do the job.我要给你提供一个可以做这项工作更好的办法。(in依据in a better way确定)
3．依据定语从句中动词或形容词的搭配来确定介词
She bought several dresses, on which she spent all her money.她买了几件连衣裙，这些连衣裙花光了她所有的钱。(on依据spend...on确定)
It is the grammar rules of which I am not sure.
我没有把握的就是语法规则。(of依据be sure of确定)
4．根据定语从句所表达的具体意思来确定介词
Can you see the river across which there is a bridge？你能看见上面有座桥的那条河吗？
He is swimming in the river, on which there is a boat.他正在那条河里游泳，河面上有一只小船。
This is the river in which I used to swim.
这就是我过去常在里面游泳的那条河。
此外，除了“介词＋ which”以外，如果定语从句的先行词是“人”，也可以用“介词＋whom”引导定语从句。例如：
Mary is the girl for whom I bought this gift.玛丽就是那个我为其买此礼物的女孩。(for依据bought this gift for确定)
There should be someone to whom you can turn for advice.应该有你可以征求意见的人。(to依据turn to someone for advice确定)
She began to love the young man with whom she had worked for so long.
她开始爱上和她一起工作了这么久的那个年轻人。(with依据worked with the young man确定)
5．“介词＋关系代词”的其他表达法
(1)如果在whom和which之前用of表示所属关系(即of whom，of which表示所属关系)，这时名词需要特指，应加定冠词，该名词放在of whom，of which之前或之后均可。
I'd like a room the window of which looks out over the sea.
I'd like a room of which the window looks out over the sea.
因为whose也表示所属关系，所以可以转换为：
I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.
(2)在whom和which之前用of，还可以表示部分与整体的关系。这时，表示“部分”的数词或代词，放在of whom，of which之前或之后均可。
She has three daughters, one of whom is a doctor.
She has three daughters, all of whom are beautiful.
还可以说：
She has three daughters, of whom one is a doctor.
She has three daughters, of whom all are beautiful.
特别提示
有些“动词＋介词”短语被视为一个固定的词组，不可分割。这时不能把介词置于关系代词前，如listen to, look at, look for, look after, care for, hear from, send for。
This is the right book for which I'm looking.(误)
This is the right book( which) I'm looking for.(正)
记忆口诀
定语从句真奇妙，关系代(副)词来引导，定语从句分两种，是否限定看逗号。
which指物who指人，地点where时间when，that人或物均可，why之前是reason。
从句当中作宾语，whom可以代替who，为了句子更简练，关系代词可省去。
关系若是表所属，whose用法不可无。除此之外还有啥？whom，which加of。

(二) 特殊结构的定语从句
有一些其他形式的定语从句在实际运用过程中，具有较强的灵活性，因此其结构也较为复杂，现将常见的特殊结构的定语从句归纳分析如下：
1．嵌入式定语从句
He is the only person that we expect will win．
他是唯一我们希望会获胜的人。
She had a book which she believed was bought by her father at a dear price．她有一本书，她相信是父亲花了大价钱买来送她的。
“嵌入式”，相当于在定语从句前加了一个“主谓句”(位置在关系词之后)。例句中，that will win作了we expect的宾语。which was bought by her father at a dear price作了she believed的宾语。“嵌入式”实际就是在一个定语从句前，又加了一个插入成分，让定语从句作其宾语。常见的嵌入语有I think/believe/guess/expect以及I am sure，they say等。
2．并列式定语从句
Paris is a good place where art is so popular and which many people_ appreciate．巴黎是一个艺术非常受欢迎的好地方，也是许多人赞赏的好地方。
I find it hard to leave the land where I _have lived for 30 years and where there are sweet memories of my childhood．我发现很难离开这片土地，我在这里生活了30年，而且在这里有我美好的童年记忆。
“并列式”，是两个或两个以上的定语从句并列，中间由and或or连接，共同修饰一个先行词的结构。相互之间不包含、不修饰、不重叠。
3．双重式定语从句
Is there anything you'd like that you don't see on the shelves
有没有你想要的，在货架上没有看到的东西？
I like the tie you wear which your sister gave you as a birthday gift．我喜欢你佩戴的你姐姐作为生日礼物送给你的那条领带。
These are things we're doing that don't make sense．这些是我们正在做的但没有意义的事情。
其特点是：
(1)一个先行词首先被一个限定性定语从句所修饰，来表示一个特定的意思。然后，这个“先行词＋限定性定语从句”再被另外一个限定性定语从句所修饰。
(2)这两个限定性定语从句是处在不同层次上的，并不像并列式定语从句那样是同一个先行词后面带有两个并列的定语从句，因而不能用连词and，but，or等来连接它们。
4．省略式定语从句
在含将来意义的定语从句中，我们可以省略主语和谓语的一部分(主要是情态动词和助动词)，而代之以“介词＋关系代词＋不定式”的形式，叫作省略式定语从句。
I have saved a sum of money with which to buy a new car for myself
我已经攒了一笔钱，要用这些钱为自己买一辆新汽车。
本句的完整形式：I have saved a sum of money with _which I'd like to buy a new car for myself.
I was trying to find a place in which to lay the new piano.我在试图找一个能放这架新钢琴的地方。
本句的完整形式：I was trying to find a place in which I could lay the new piano.
特别提示
在这类句子里，主句的主语必须与不定式的逻辑主语一致，否则不可改为省略式定语从句。试比较：
I was trying to find a place in which to live.我在设法找一个我可以住的地方。
I was trying to find a place in which my younger brother could live.我在设法找一个我弟弟可以住的地方。
5.分隔式定语从句
定语从句一般紧跟在被它修饰的先行词之后，但有时候它和先行词之间插入其他成分，使得它与先行词分隔开来，这种定语从句叫作分隔式定语从句。
一般说来，定语从句被分隔开来大致有以下三种情况：
(1)先行词与定语从句被一个状语分隔。
There are quite a few students in our school who like this athlete very much．
我们学校有不少学生非常喜欢这位运动员。
The film brought the hours back to me when I was taken good care of in that faraway village．
这部电影使我回想起我在那个遥远的村庄受到良好照顾的那些时光。
(2)先行词与定语从句被另一个定语分隔。
My grandpa has a picture by a famous painter which was sent to him for his birthday．
我爷爷有一幅出自著名画家的画，它是被作为他的生日礼物寄来的。
After graduation she reached a point in her career where she had to decide what to do．
毕业后，她在职业生涯中到了一个必须决定做什么的时刻。
(3)先行词与定语从句被谓语分隔。
此时，先行词通常是句子的主语，因定语从句较长，主句谓语较短，为使句子结构平衡，常将定语从句移至谓语之后。
The professor entered the hall who had just presented several lectures．
刚刚做完几场演讲的教授进了大厅。
(三) 定语从句表达状语从句的意义
How can anyone hope to be a qualified teacher, who doesn't know what the students are thinking and demanding
一个人如果不知道学生在想什么、需要什么，怎么能指望自己成为一名合格的教师呢？
在学习非限制性定语从句时，我们提到定语从句有时候可以按照并列句理解，还可以按照状语从句理解。这要求我们准确判断定语从句和主句之间的关系，并充分考虑汉语的表达习惯，做到翻译通顺流畅。就本句而言，尽管句中没有if，但定语从句确实表达了条件句的意义，所以才按照条件状语从句翻译。从结构上看，它是某个先行词的定语从句；但从意义上看，它实际上修饰主句谓语或整个主句，起到了状语从句的作用。所以，为了理解方便，我们称之为“定语从句的形式，状语从句的意义”。这样的表达在英语中是很常见的。
1．定语从句的形式，条件状语从句的意义
The same thing, which happened twenty years ago, would lead to disaster. (＝The same thing would lead to disaster if it happened twenty years ago.)同样一件事情，如果发生在20年前，将会导致灾难。
2．定语从句的形式，原因状语从句的意义
He is a kind man, who is always ready to help others. (＝He is a kind man because he is always ready to help others.)
他是一个好人，因为他总是乐于助人。
3．定语从句的形式，让步状语从句的意义
Mr Smith insisted on building another house which he had no use for. (＝Mr Smith insisted on building another house though he had no use for it.)史密斯先生坚持再盖一幢房子，尽管他无此需要。
4．定语从句的形式，目的状语从句的意义
He wishes to write an article that will attract public attention to the matter. (＝He wishes to write an article so that it will attract public attention to the matter.)
他想写篇文章，以引起公众对此事的关注。
5．定语从句的形式，结果状语从句的意义
My car broke down halfway, which caused me to come late. (＝My car broke down halfway so that it caused me to come late.)我的汽车在半路上出了故障，结果我来晚了。
6．定语从句的形式，时间状语从句的意义。
I saw Mr Wang who was wandering on the street. (＝I saw Mr Wang when he was wandering on the street.)王先生在街上闲逛的时候，我看到了他。
[即学即练]
Ⅰ.用适当的关系代词或关系副词完成句子
1．A novelist is a person ________ writes novels, while a journalist is a person ________ job is to collect and cover news.
2．Someone's reputation is the opinion ________ people have about how good they are.
3．Those ________ have gained fame become well known.
4．Someone ________ has a passion for something is interested in it and likes it very much.
5．A situation ________ is regarded as a nightmare is very frightening and unpleasant.
who/that
whose
that/which
who
who
that/which
6．Martin Luther King gave a famous and inspiring speech ________ started with the words “I have a dream”．
7．“What a shame！” is an expression ________ you use to express your regret.
8．A country ________ gains independence has its own government and is not ruled by any other country.
9．A biography of someone is an account of his life, ________ is written by someone else.
10．He is regarded as a superhero ____________ everyone should learn from.
11．A committee is a group of people ________ meet to make decisions or plans for other people.
that/which
that/which
that/which
which
who/whom/that
who
12．The honour is a special award ________ is given to someone, usually because they are greatly respected.
13．They want to establish a committee or a special academy ________ job is to give recognition to new drugs.
14．Mosquitos are small flying insects ________ bite people and animals in order to suck their blood.
15．We should focus on making efficient use of the limited resources ________ we have.
16．A career is the job ________ someone does for a long period of his life.
17．Someone ________ is female is a woman or a girl.
that/which
whose
that/which
that/which
that/which
who
18．An award is a prize ________ is given to someone for doing something well or making remarkable achievements.
19．A person ________ is intelligent has the ability to think, understand, and learn things quickly and creatively.
20．People ________ fight for justice of mankind should be respected and admired.
21．An admirable person is someone ________ deserves to be respected and admired.
22．Those ________ have made achievements in their careers are worthy of respect.
that/which
who
who
who
who
23．All ________ he has in mind is how to gain fame, ________ is quite wrong.
24．They eventually came across a promising chemical, ________ was likely to be an effective cure for the disease.
25．A fireman is a person, usually a man, ________ job is to put out fires.
that
which　
which　
whose
Ⅱ.用“介词＋关系代词”填空
1．John invites about 40 people to his wedding, most _________ are family members.
2．The children, all ________ had played the whole day, were worn out.
3．The newly built cafe, the walls ________ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.
4．She brought it with her three friends, none _________ I had ever met before.
5．The man took out a gold watch, the hands ________ were made of small diamonds.
of whom
of whom
of which
of whom
of which
6．He is a learned man, _________ I've learned a lot about space science.
7．China has many islands, the largest ________ is Taiwan Island.
8．The school has 3，500 students, _________ around two thirds are girls.
9．The old man has two daughters, ________ one is a nurse in our neighbourhood.
10．In our class there are 46 students, half ________ wear glasses.
from whom
of which
of whom
of whom
of whom
11．Give me a piece of paper _________ I can write the phone number.
12．The boy built a telescope ____________ he could study the sky.
13．Eric received training in computers for one year, _________ he found a job in a big company.
14．Here are the table tennis players, some ________ are from our school.
15．The tool _________ he is working is called an engine.
16．Have you ever read the book ________ there are many pictures
on which
through which
after which
of whom　
with which　
in which
17．The man __________ he had a talk yesterday is a doctor.
18．The library __________ we often borrow books is very large.
19．The gentleman ___________ you spoke just now is our headmaster.
20．This is the new bicycle _________ I spend five hundred dollars.
with whom
from which
to/with whom
on whichSection F　单元语法专项——“介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句
(一) “介词＋which/whom”的用法
我们知道，关系代词在定语从句中可以作宾语，包括及物动词的宾语和介词的宾语。关系代词作介词宾语时，介词通常放在定语从句的末尾。但在很多情况下，需要把介词放在关系代词的前面。这就是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。具体使用什么介词，可能与先行词的固定搭配有关，可能与定语从句中动词的要求有关，可能与定语从句中形容词的搭配有关。还有一种可能，就是与定语从句所要表达的具体意思有关。
关系副词when，where，why引导定语从句时，关系副词也可用“介词＋关系代词”代替。在“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which或whom，不可用that或who。先行词指物时用which，先行词指人时用whom。“介词＋which/whom”是定语从句中常见的语言现象，也是同学们不易掌握的一个语法项目，问题的关键是这个“介词”较难确定。但它是有规律可循的，有以下几种情况：
1．“介词＋which”可以替代关系副词when，where，why
(1)替代when
I'll never forget the day on__which(＝when) my son was born.
我永远忘不了我儿子出生的那一天。(on依据on the day确定)
The year in__which(＝when) the earthquake happened was 2008.
发生地震的那年是2008年。(in依据in the year确定)
(2)替代where
This is the farm on__which(＝where) I used to work.
这就是我过去工作过的农场。(on依据on the farm确定)
He forgot the exact place in__which(＝where) he had hidden the jewellery.他忘记了埋藏珠宝的确切地点。(in依据in the exact place确定)
(3)替代why
I'd like you to explain the reason for__which(＝why) you refused my offer of help.我想让你解释一下你拒绝我帮助的原因。(for依据for the reason确定)
2．依据与先行词的固定搭配确定使用什么介词
I'll never forget the time during__which I was with my friends in the country.我永远不会忘记和朋友们一起在乡村度过的时光。(during依据during the time确定)
I will offer you a better way in__which you can do the job.我要给你提供一个可以做这项工作更好的办法。(in依据in a better way确定)
3．依据定语从句中动词或形容词的搭配来确定介词
She bought several dresses, on__which she spent all her money.她买了几件连衣裙，这些连衣裙花光了她所有的钱。(on依据spend...on确定)
It is the grammar rules of__which I am not sure.
我没有把握的就是语法规则。(of依据be sure of确定)
4．根据定语从句所表达的具体意思来确定介词
Can you see the river across__which there is a bridge？你能看见上面有座桥的那条河吗？
He is swimming in the river, on__which there is a boat.他正在那条河里游泳，河面上有一只小船。
This is the river in__which__I used to swim.
这就是我过去常在里面游泳的那条河。
此外，除了“介词＋ which”以外，如果定语从句的先行词是“人”，也可以用“介词＋whom”引导定语从句。例如：
Mary is the girl for__whom I bought this gift.玛丽就是那个我为其买此礼物的女孩。(for依据bought this gift for确定)
There should be someone to__whom you can turn for advice.应该有你可以征求意见的人。(to依据turn to someone for advice确定)
She began to love the young man with__whom she had worked for so long.
她开始爱上和她一起工作了这么久的那个年轻人。(with依据worked with the young man确定)
5．“介词＋关系代词”的其他表达法
(1)如果在whom和which之前用of表示所属关系(即of whom，of which表示所属关系)，这时名词需要特指，应加定冠词，该名词放在of whom，of which之前或之后均可。
I'd like a room the__window__of__which looks out over the sea.
I'd like a room of__which__the__window looks out over the sea.
因为whose也表示所属关系，所以可以转换为：
I'd like a room whose__window looks out over the sea.
(2)在whom和which之前用of，还可以表示部分与整体的关系。这时，表示“部分”的数词或代词，放在of whom，of which之前或之后均可。
She has three daughters, one__of__whom is a doctor.
She has three daughters, all__of__whom are beautiful.
还可以说：
She has three daughters, of__whom__one is a doctor.
She has three daughters, of__whom__all are beautiful.
特别提示
有些“动词＋介词”短语被视为一个固定的词组，不可分割。这时不能把介词置于关系代词前，如listen to, look at, look for, look after, care for, hear from, send for。
This is the right book for which I'm looking.(误)
This is the right book( which) I'm looking for.(正)
记忆口诀
定语从句真奇妙，关系代(副)词来引导，定语从句分两种，是否限定看逗号。
which指物who指人，地点where时间when，that人或物均可，why之前是reason。
从句当中作宾语，whom可以代替who，为了句子更简练，关系代词可省去。
关系若是表所属，whose用法不可无。除此之外还有啥？whom，which加of。
(二) 特殊结构的定语从句
有一些其他形式的定语从句在实际运用过程中，具有较强的灵活性，因此其结构也较为复杂，现将常见的特殊结构的定语从句归纳分析如下：
1．嵌入式定语从句
He is the only person that we expect will__win．
他是唯一我们希望会获胜的人。
She had a book which she believed was__bought__by__her__father__at__a__dear__price．她有一本书，她相信是父亲花了大价钱买来送她的。
“嵌入式”，相当于在定语从句前加了一个“主谓句”(位置在关系词之后)。例句中，that will win作了we expect的宾语。which was bought by her father at a dear price作了she believed的宾语。“嵌入式”实际就是在一个定语从句前，又加了一个插入成分，让定语从句作其宾语。常见的嵌入语有I think/believe/guess/expect以及I am sure，they say等。
2．并列式定语从句
Paris is a good place where__art__is__so__popular and which__many__people__appreciate．巴黎是一个艺术非常受欢迎的好地方，也是许多人赞赏的好地方。
I find it hard to leave the land where__I__have__lived__for__30__years and where__there__are__sweet__memories__of__my__childhood．我发现很难离开这片土地，我在这里生活了30年，而且在这里有我美好的童年记忆。
“并列式”，是两个或两个以上的定语从句并列，中间由and或or连接，共同修饰一个先行词的结构。相互之间不包含、不修饰、不重叠。
3．双重式定语从句
Is there anything you'd__like that you don't see on the shelves
有没有你想要的，在货架上没有看到的东西？
I like the tie you__wear which your sister gave you as a birthday gift．我喜欢你佩戴的你姐姐作为生日礼物送给你的那条领带。
These are things we're__doing that don't make sense．这些是我们正在做的但没有意义的事情。
其特点是：
(1)一个先行词首先被一个限定性定语从句所修饰，来表示一个特定的意思。然后，这个“先行词＋限定性定语从句”再被另外一个限定性定语从句所修饰。
(2)这两个限定性定语从句是处在不同层次上的，并不像并列式定语从句那样是同一个先行词后面带有两个并列的定语从句，因而不能用连词and，but，or等来连接它们。
4．省略式定语从句
在含将来意义的定语从句中，我们可以省略主语和谓语的一部分(主要是情态动词和助动词)，而代之以“介词＋关系代词＋不定式”的形式，叫作省略式定语从句。
I have saved a sum of money with__which__to__buy a new car for myself
我已经攒了一笔钱，要用这些钱为自己买一辆新汽车。
本句的完整形式：I have saved a sum of money with____which__I'd__like__to__buy a new car for myself.
I was trying to find a place in__which__to__lay the new piano.我在试图找一个能放这架新钢琴的地方。
本句的完整形式：I was trying to find a place in__which__I__could__lay the new piano.
特别提示
在这类句子里，主句的主语必须与不定式的逻辑主语一致，否则不可改为省略式定语从句。试比较：
I was trying to find a place in which to live.我在设法找一个我可以住的地方。
I was trying to find a place in which my younger brother could live.我在设法找一个我弟弟可以住的地方。
5.分隔式定语从句
定语从句一般紧跟在被它修饰的先行词之后，但有时候它和先行词之间插入其他成分，使得它与先行词分隔开来，这种定语从句叫作分隔式定语从句。
一般说来，定语从句被分隔开来大致有以下三种情况：
(1)先行词与定语从句被一个状语分隔。
There are quite a few students in our school who__like__this______athlete__very__much．
我们学校有不少学生非常喜欢这位运动员。
The film brought the hours back to me when__I__was__taken__good____care__of__in__that__faraway__village．
这部电影使我回想起我在那个遥远的村庄受到良好照顾的那些时光。
(2)先行词与定语从句被另一个定语分隔。
My grandpa has a picture by a famous painter which__was__sent__to__him__for__his__birthday．
我爷爷有一幅出自著名画家的画，它是被作为他的生日礼物寄来的。
After graduation she reached a point in her career where__she__had__to__decide__what__to__do．
毕业后，她在职业生涯中到了一个必须决定做什么的时刻。
(3)先行词与定语从句被谓语分隔。
此时，先行词通常是句子的主语，因定语从句较长，主句谓语较短，为使句子结构平衡，常将定语从句移至谓语之后。
The professor entered the hall who__had__just__presented__several__lectures．
刚刚做完几场演讲的教授进了大厅。
(三) 定语从句表达状语从句的意义
How can anyone hope to be a qualified teacher, who doesn't know what the students are thinking and demanding
一个人如果不知道学生在想什么、需要什么，怎么能指望自己成为一名合格的教师呢？
在学习非限制性定语从句时，我们提到定语从句有时候可以按照并列句理解，还可以按照状语从句理解。这要求我们准确判断定语从句和主句之间的关系，并充分考虑汉语的表达习惯，做到翻译通顺流畅。就本句而言，尽管句中没有if，但定语从句确实表达了条件句的意义，所以才按照条件状语从句翻译。从结构上看，它是某个先行词的定语从句；但从意义上看，它实际上修饰主句谓语或整个主句，起到了状语从句的作用。所以，为了理解方便，我们称之为“定语从句的形式，状语从句的意义”。这样的表达在英语中是很常见的。
1．定语从句的形式，条件状语从句的意义
The same thing, which__happened__twenty__years__ago,__would lead to disaster. (＝The same thing would lead to disaster if it happened twenty years ago.)同样一件事情，如果发生在20年前，将会导致灾难。
2．定语从句的形式，原因状语从句的意义
He is a kind man, who__is__always__ready__to__help__others. (＝He is a kind man because he is always ready to help others.)
他是一个好人，因为他总是乐于助人。
3．定语从句的形式，让步状语从句的意义
Mr Smith insisted on building another house which__he__had__no__use__for. (＝Mr Smith insisted on building another house though he had no use for it.)史密斯先生坚持再盖一幢房子，尽管他无此需要。
4．定语从句的形式，目的状语从句的意义
He wishes to write an article that__will__attract__public__attention__to__the__matter. (＝He wishes to write an article so that it will attract public attention to the matter.)
他想写篇文章，以引起公众对此事的关注。
5．定语从句的形式，结果状语从句的意义
My car broke down halfway, which__caused__me__to__come__late. (＝My car broke down halfway so that it caused me to come late.)我的汽车在半路上出了故障，结果我来晚了。
6．定语从句的形式，时间状语从句的意义。
I saw Mr Wang who__was__wandering__on__the__street. (＝I saw Mr Wang when he was wandering on the street.)王先生在街上闲逛的时候，我看到了他。
[即学即练]
Ⅰ.用适当的关系代词或关系副词完成句子
1．A novelist is a person ________ writes novels, while a journalist is a person ________ job is to collect and cover news.
2．Someone's reputation is the opinion ________ people have about how good they are.
3．Those ________ have gained fame become well known.
4．Someone ________ has a passion for something is interested in it and likes it very much.
5．A situation ________ is regarded as a nightmare is very frightening and unpleasant.
6．Martin Luther King gave a famous and inspiring speech ________ started with the words “I have a dream”．
7．“What a shame！” is an expression ________ you use to express your regret.
8．A country ________ gains independence has its own government and is not ruled by any other country.
9．A biography of someone is an account of his life, ________ is written by someone else.
10．He is regarded as a superhero ________ everyone should learn from.
11．A committee is a group of people ________ meet to make decisions or plans for other people.
12．The honour is a special award ________ is given to someone, usually because they are greatly respected.
13．They want to establish a committee or a special academy ________ job is to give recognition to new drugs.
14．Mosquitos are small flying insects ________ bite people and animals in order to suck their blood.
15．We should focus on making efficient use of the limited resources ________ we have.
16．A career is the job ________ someone does for a long period of his life.
17．Someone ________ is female is a woman or a girl.
18．An award is a prize ________ is given to someone for doing something well or making remarkable achievements.
19．A person ________ is intelligent has the ability to think, understand, and learn things quickly and creatively.
20．People ________ fight for justice of mankind should be respected and admired.
21．An admirable person is someone ________ deserves to be respected and admired.
22．Those ________ have made achievements in their careers are worthy of respect.
23．All ________ he has in mind is how to gain fame, ________ is quite wrong.
24．They eventually came across a promising chemical, ________ was likely to be an effective cure for the disease.
25．A fireman is a person, usually a man, ________ job is to put out fires.
Ⅱ.用“介词＋关系代词”填空
1．John invites about 40 people to his wedding, most ________________ are family members.
2．The children, all ________________ had played the whole day, were worn out.
3．The newly built cafe, the walls ________________ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.
4．She brought it with her three friends, none ________________ I had ever met before.
5．The man took out a gold watch, the hands ________________ were made of small diamonds.
6．He is a learned man, ________________ I've learned a lot about space science.
7．China has many islands, the largest ______________ is Taiwan Island.
8．The school has 3，500 students, ________________ around two thirds are girls.
9．The old man has two daughters, ________________ one is a nurse in our neighbourhood.
10．In our class there are 46 students, half ________________ wear glasses.
11．Give me a piece of paper ________________ I can write the phone number.
12．The boy built a telescope ________________ he could study the sky.
13．Eric received training in computers for one year, ________________ he found a job in a big company.
14．Here are the table tennis players, some ________________ are from our school.
15．The tool ________________ he is working is called an engine.
16．Have you ever read the book ________________ there are many pictures
17．The man ________________ he had a talk yesterday is a doctor.
18．The library ________________ we often borrow books is very large.
19．The gentleman ________________ you spoke just now is our headmaster.
20．This is the new bicycle ________________ I spend five hundred dollars.
Section F　单元语法专项——“介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句
即学即练
Ⅰ.用适当的关系代词或关系副词完成句子
1．who/that; whose　2.that/which　3.who　4.who
5．that/which　6.that/which　7.that/which　8.that/which
9．which　10.who/whom/that　11.who　12.that/which
13．whose　14.that/which　15.that/which　16.that/which　17.who　18.that/which　19.who　20.who　21.who
22．who　23.that; which　24.which　25.whose
Ⅱ.用“介词＋关系代词”填空
1．of whom　2.of whom　3.of which　4.of whom　5.of which　6.from whom　7.of which　8.of whom　9.of whom
10．of whom　11.on which　12.through which　13.after which　14.of whom　15.with which　16.in which　17.with whom　18.from which　19.to/with whom　20.on which(共16张PPT)
Section G　单元写作专题
主题写作——人与社会(对社会有突出贡献的人物)
1．写作任务
假定你是李华，你们学校正在进行“我最敬佩的人物——钟南山”征文大赛，请你根据以下要点写一篇文章，要点主要包括：
(1)新冠肺炎疫情暴发，钟南山投身战斗；
(2)钟南山的事迹；
(3)钟南山被授予“共和国勋章”。
注意：
(1)词数80左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数)；
(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
My most admired personage—Zhong Nanshan
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(2)二定：时态与人称
时态：一般过去时
人称：第三人称
(3)三明确：写作要点
第一段：新冠肺炎疫情暴发，钟南山投身战斗；
第二段：事迹；
第三段：被授予“共和国勋章”。
3．素材整理
(1)关键词语
the COVID 19 strikes China
新冠肺炎疫情在中国暴发
face the severe situation 面对严峻的形势
in spite of 不管，不顾
engage in 从事于(参加)
judge the ongoing situation 对当前形势作出判断
put forward 提出
early detection and early isolation
早发现，早隔离
prevent human to human transmission
防止人传人
treatment measures 治疗措施
call on 号召，呼吁
enhance awareness of epidemic prevention and control 增强疫情防控意识
be awarded the “Medal of the Republic”
被授予“共和国勋章”
due to 因为，由于
generous commitment 慷慨奉献
Nobel Peace Prize/Nobel Prize in Physics
诺贝尔和平奖/诺贝尔物理学奖
commit... to... 投入……于……
be responsible for 对……负责
under the world's spotlight 成为世界关注点
get through the difficulty 克服困难
have the responsibility 有责任
go to the front line 去前线
the public figure 公众人物
be given the title of... 获得……称号
win a gold/silver/copper medal……
获得金/银/铜牌
devote oneself to 献身于，致力于，投身于
be qualified for 适合，胜任
make joint efforts 做出共同努力
full of wisdom 充满智慧的
have deep comprehension of life
对人生有深刻的理解
(2)完成句子
①新冠肺炎疫情突然在中国暴发，这是一场噩梦。
It was a nightmare when the COVID 19 __________________．
②面对严峻的形势，84岁高龄的钟南山勇敢地投身到抗击新冠肺炎的斗争中。
Facing the severe situation, ________ his 84 age, Zhong Nanshan _________ the fight against COVID 19 bravely.
struck China suddenly
in spite of
engaged in
③他以智慧、智力和激情，对当前形势作出了判断，实施的著名的“早发现、早隔离，预防人际传播”和治疗措施都是有效的。
With his ________， ________ and passion, he ____________________ and carried out the renowned “early detection and early isolation to prevent human to human transmission” and treatment measures which are effective.
④他呼吁人们增强疫情防控意识。
He _______ people to ________________ epidemic prevention and control.
wisdom
energy
judged the ongoing situation
called on
enhance awareness of
⑤他的奉献赢得了极大的尊重、认可和声誉。
His commitment _______________， ________ and reputation.
⑥由于他的慷慨奉献，钟南山被授予“共和国勋章”。
Zhong __________ the Medal of the Republic _______ his ________________．
⑦他是我最敬佩的英雄。
He is the most remarkable hero ____________．
earned great respect
recognition
was awarded
due to
generous commitment
whom I admire
4．整理成文
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
整理成文
My most admired personage—Zhong Nanshan
It was a nightmare when the COVID 19 struck China suddenly. Facing the severe situation, in spite of his 84 age, Zhong Nanshan engaged in the fight against COVID 19 bravely．
With his wisdom, energy and passion, he judged the ongoing situation and put forward the renowned “early detection and early isolation to prevent human to human transmission” and treatment measures which are effective. He called on people to enhance awareness of epidemic prevention and control.
His commitment earned great respect, recognition and reputation. Zhong was awarded the “Medal of the Republic” due to his generous commitment. He is the most remarkable hero whom I admire．
教师点评
第一段：导入＋写作背景。
句型：第一段第一句中when the COVID 19 struck China suddenly是when引导的时间状语从句；第二句中Facing the severe situation是现在分词短语作伴随状语；in spite of his 84 age是介词短语表示让步。
第二段：主体部分，介绍钟南山的事迹。
句型：第二段第一句中which are effective是which引导的定语从句，修饰“early detection and early isolation to prevent human to human transmission” and treatment measures。
第三段：结束语，介绍钟南山的荣誉。
句型：第三段第三句中whom I admire是whom引导的定语从句，修饰hero。
5．写作练习
假定你是李华，你的朋友Paul在报纸上看到一篇关于林巧稚医生的报道，写信请你介绍更多的有关她的情况，请你根据以下要点给他写一封回信，主要内容包括：
(1)林巧稚：“万婴之母”；
(2)致力于新中国妇产科事业的建立和发展；
(3)被授予“全国三八红旗手”等荣誉称号。
注意：
(1)词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；
(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：obstetrics and gynecology妇产科学
Dear Paul，
I am writing to give you some information about Dr Lin Qiaozhi.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
If you want to know more, please let me know in time.
Li Hua
写作练习
One possible version：
Dear Paul，
I am writing to give you some information about Dr Lin Qiaozhi.
As a remarkable medical scientist, Lin Qiaozhi was the only female member of the first Chinese Academy of Sciences. Personally having delivered more than 50，000 babies in her life, Lin Qiaozhi was regarded as the “mother of ten thousand babies”．
She had made great commitment to the establishment and development of obstetrics and gynecology in New China, and trained generations of outstanding successors in the field of obstetrics and gynecology in China, benefiting hundreds of millions of women and children. Lin Qiaozhi was awarded the honorary title of the Bearer of Red Flag March 8 and so on.
If you want to know more, please let me know in time.
Li HuaSection G　单元写作专题
主题写作——人与社会(对社会有突出贡献的人物)
1．写作任务
假定你是李华，你们学校正在进行“我最敬佩的人物——钟南山”征文大赛，请你根据以下要点写一篇文章，要点主要包括：
(1)新冠肺炎疫情暴发，钟南山投身战斗；
(2)钟南山的事迹；
(3)钟南山被授予“共和国勋章”。
注意：
(1)词数80左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数)；
(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
My most admired personage—Zhong Nanshan
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．写作思路
(1)一审：体裁、结构与主题
体裁：应用文
结构(三段)
主题：人与社会(对社会有突出贡献的人物)
(2)二定：时态与人称
时态：一般过去时
人称：第三人称
(3)三明确：写作要点
第一段：新冠肺炎疫情暴发，钟南山投身战斗；
第二段：事迹；
第三段：被授予“共和国勋章”。
3．素材整理
(1)关键词语
the COVID 19 strikes China
新冠肺炎疫情在中国暴发
face the severe situation 面对严峻的形势
in spite of 不管，不顾
engage in 从事于(参加)
judge the ongoing situation 对当前形势作出判断
put forward 提出
early detection and early isolation
早发现，早隔离
prevent human to human transmission
防止人传人
treatment measures 治疗措施
call on 号召，呼吁
enhance awareness of epidemic prevention and control 增强疫情防控意识
be awarded the “Medal of the Republic”
被授予“共和国勋章”
due to 因为，由于
generous commitment 慷慨奉献
Nobel Peace Prize/Nobel Prize in Physics
诺贝尔和平奖/诺贝尔物理学奖
commit... to... 投入……于……
be responsible for 对……负责
under the world's spotlight 成为世界关注点
get through the difficulty 克服困难
have the responsibility 有责任
go to the front line 去前线
the public figure 公众人物
be given the title of... 获得……称号
win a gold/silver/copper medal……
获得金/银/铜牌
devote oneself to 献身于，致力于，投身于
be qualified for 适合，胜任
make joint efforts 做出共同努力
full of wisdom 充满智慧的
have deep comprehension of life
对人生有深刻的理解
(2)完成句子
①新冠肺炎疫情突然在中国暴发，这是一场噩梦。
It was a nightmare when the COVID 19 ________________________________．
②面对严峻的形势，84岁高龄的钟南山勇敢地投身到抗击新冠肺炎的斗争中。
Facing the severe situation, ________________ his 84 age, Zhong Nanshan ________________ the fight against COVID 19 bravely.
③他以智慧、智力和激情，对当前形势作出了判断，实施的著名的“早发现、早隔离，预防人际传播”和治疗措施都是有效的。
With his ________________， ________________ and passion, he ________________ and carried out the renowned “early detection and early isolation to prevent human to human transmission” and treatment measures which are effective.
④他呼吁人们增强疫情防控意识。
He ______________ people to ________________ epidemic prevention and control.
⑤他的奉献赢得了极大的尊重、认可和声誉。
His commitment __________________________， ________ and reputation.
⑥由于他的慷慨奉献，钟南山被授予“共和国勋章”。
Zhong __________________________ the Medal of the Republic ________________ his ________________．
⑦他是我最敬佩的英雄。
He is the most remarkable hero ______________．
4．整理成文
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5．写作练习
假定你是李华，你的朋友Paul在报纸上看到一篇关于林巧稚医生的报道，写信请你介绍更多的有关她的情况，请你根据以下要点给他写一封回信，主要内容包括：
(1)林巧稚：“万婴之母”；
(2)致力于新中国妇产科事业的建立和发展；
(3)被授予“全国三八红旗手”等荣誉称号。
注意：
(1)词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；
(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：obstetrics and gynecology妇产科学
Dear Paul，
I am writing to give you some information about Dr Lin Qiaozhi.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
If you want to know more, please let me know in time.
Li Hua
Section G　单元写作专题
3．素材整理
①struck China suddenly　②in spite of; engaged in
③wisdom; energy; judged the ongoing situation　④called on; enhance awareness of　⑤earned great respect; recognition　⑥was awarded; due to; generous commitment
⑦whom I admire
4．整理成文
My most admired personage—Zhong Nanshan
It was a nightmare when the COVID 19 struck China suddenly. Facing the severe situation, in spite of his 84 age, Zhong Nanshan engaged in the fight against COVID 19 bravely．
With his wisdom, energy and passion, he judged the ongoing situation and put forward the renowned “early detection and early isolation to prevent human to human transmission” and treatment measures which are effective. He called on people to enhance awareness of epidemic prevention and control.
His commitment earned great respect, recognition and reputation. Zhong was awarded the “Medal of the Republic” due to his generous commitment. He is the most remarkable hero whom I admire．
教师点评
第一段：导入＋写作背景。
句型：第一段第一句中when the COVID 19 struck China suddenly是when引导的时间状语从句；第二句中Facing the severe situation是现在分词短语作伴随状语；in spite of his 84 age是介词短语表示让步。
第二段：主体部分，介绍钟南山的事迹。
句型：第二段第一句中which are effective是which引导的定语从句，修饰“early detection and early isolation to prevent human to human transmission” and treatment measures。
第三段：结束语，介绍钟南山的荣誉。
句型：第三段第三句中whom I admire是whom引导的定语从句，修饰hero。
5．写作练习
One possible version：
Dear Paul，
I am writing to give you some information about Dr Lin Qiaozhi.
As a remarkable medical scientist, Lin Qiaozhi was the only female member of the first Chinese Academy of Sciences. Personally having delivered more than 50，000 babies in her life, Lin Qiaozhi was regarded as the “mother of ten thousand babies”．
She had made great commitment to the establishment and development of obstetrics and gynecology in New China, and trained generations of outstanding successors in the field of obstetrics and gynecology in China, benefiting hundreds of millions of women and children. Lin Qiaozhi was awarded the honorary title of the Bearer of Red Flag March 8 and so on.
If you want to know more, please let me know in time.
Li Hua