(共63张PPT)
Section Ⅰ
Starting out & Understanding ideas
词汇预习·夯实基础
Ⅰ.词义匹配
( )1.percent A．n.慈善机构，慈善团体
( )2.measure B．v.活下来，幸存
( )3.seek C．n.百分比
( )4.survive D．v.量，测量
( )5.charity E．n.影响，结果
( )6.effect F．v.寻找，寻求
( )7.annual G．n.位置
( )8.position H．v.暴跌
( )9.crash I．v.破坏，毁掉
( )10.destroy J．adj.一年一度的，每年的
C
D
F
B
A
E
J
G
H
I
Ⅱ.拓展词汇知变形
1．________ v. 测定，确定→determined adj. 坚决的；有决心的；意志坚定的→determination n. 决心；果断；测定
2．________ adv. 终于，最终→eventual adj. 最终的；可能的
3．________ n. 解决，解决方法→solve v. 解决；解答
4．________ adj. 惊人的，了不起的→amaze v. (使)吃惊；(使)惊异
5．________ v. 活下来，幸存→survival n. 幸存；继续生存→survivor n. 幸存者；生还者
determine
eventually
solution
amazing
survive
Ⅲ.短语互译
1．____________ 在某些时候
2．____________ 一队
3．____________ 砍倒
4．____________ lead to
5．____________ feed on
6．____________ in trouble
at certain times
a team of
cut down
导致
以……为食
陷入困境
预习验收·对接课堂
Ⅰ.单词默写
1．________ adj. 一年一度的，每年的
2．________ v. 寻找，寻求
3．________ v. 测定，确定
4．________ adv. 终于，最终
5．________ n. 解决，解决方法
6．________ adj. 惊人的，了不起的
7．________ v. 暴跌
8．________ v. 破坏，毁掉
9．________ v. 幸存，活下来
10．________ n. 位置
annual
seek
determine
eventually
solution
amazing
crash
destroy
survive
position
Ⅱ.短语填空
at certain times, a team of, cut down, lead to, feed on, in trouble
1．The movement takes six hours with ________ three men.
2．He tried to ________ on smoking but failed.
3．____________ a wonderful and helpful child will turn into a terrible animal.
4．Just call me whenever you're ____________．
5．Bats (蝙蝠) fly at night and _______ insects.
6．All roads _____ Rome.
a team of
cut down
At certain times
in trouble
feed on
lead to
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．许多动物在一年中的某些时候从一个地方迁徙到另一个地方。
Many animals ________________________ at certain times of the year.
2．然而，直到最近，没有人知道它们是如何做到这一点的。
However, until recently no one knew ______________．
3．人们一直在共同努力，记录它的迁徙，并确保有足够的植物供它食用。
People ______________ together to record its migration and make sure that there are enough plants for it to feed on.
move from one place to another
how they did this
have been working
阅读研析·合作学习
Ⅰ.课文解构
migration
activity
migrated
falling
protecting
Ⅱ.长难句分析
1．These two pieces of information—the time of day and the point where the sun is in the sky—allow the butterfly to determine the way to go.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译]
这两条信息——一天中的时间和太阳在天空中的位置——让黑脉金斑蝶决定它需要走哪条路，最终，它设法到达它要去的地方。
2．They cut down trees and use chemicals that kill the plants that monarch caterpillars eat.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译]
他们砍伐树木，使用杀死黑脉金斑蝶幼虫所吃的植物的化学药品。
Ⅲ.框架建构：整体理解
Main ideas Details
The monarch's migration The definition of 1.________．
Millions of monarch butterflies begin a 2.________ and 3.________ journey.
Human's activities 4.________ scientists led by Professor Eli Shlizerman has now found how butterflies migrated.
Human activity is 5._______________ the number of the monarch is falling.
People 6.______________ together to record its migration and make sure there are enough plants for it to feed on.
migration
long
difficult
A team of
the main reason why
have been working
Ⅳ.根据课文内容选择正确答案(细节探究)
1．According to the text, many animals migrate ________．
A.at a fixed time every year
B．every year
C．at an unfixed time every year
D．every autumn
2．According to the text, how many kilometres do monarch butterflies travel south
A．More than 4，000 km.
B．Less than 4，000 km.
C．About 4，000 km.
D．About 4，000 m．
3．According to scientists, how can the monarch measure the position of the sun
A．Using its eyes.
B．Using its wings.
C．Using its legs.
D．Using its nose.
4．What is the author's attitude to monarch butterflies
A.Promising.
B．Indifferent.
C．Negative.
D．Cold.
[教材原文]
The Monarch's Journey
Many animals move from one place to another at certain times of the year. This annual① movement② is called migration③. They migrate to find food, seek a partner, or in search of warmer weather. One of the most wonderful migrations in nature is that of the North American monarch butterfly.
Every autumn, millions of these beautiful insects with fine black and orange wings begin a long and difficult journey. Somehow④ they manage to travel around 4，000 kilometres south and find their way to California or Mexico. However, until recently no one knew how they did this.
A team of scientists led by Professor Eli Shlizerman at the University of Washington 【1】 has now found the answer. They have found out that the monarch is able to tell the time of day. It uses its eyes to measure⑤ the position⑥ of the sun. These two pieces of information—the time of day and the point where the sun is in the sky 【2】—allow the butterfly to determine⑦ the way to go. Eventually⑧， it manages to reach the places where it will spend the winter.
【1】led短语为过去分词短语作定语。
【2】where引导的定语从句修饰先行词point。
The solution⑨ to the mystery of the monarch's amazing⑩ ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble. Its population has crashed by as much as 90 per cent in the last few years. Sadly, human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling. In many of the places where the butterfly can be found, people are destroying the natural environment. They cut down trees and use chemicals that kill the plants that monarch caterpillars eat【3】.
【3】此处两个that都是引导的定语从句。第一个that的先行词是chemicals；第二个that的先行词是plants。
The research on the monarch's behaviour has however led to a greater awareness of this creature. People have been working together to record its migration and make sure that there are enough plants for it to feed on【4】. If this works, there may come a time when the number of monarch butterflies increases once again. The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive 【5】 and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come.
【4】此句运用了现在完成进行时。现在完成进行时表示过去某一时刻发生的动作一直持续到现在，并有可能继续持续下去。
【5】此句为“the＋比较级．.., the＋比较级．..”结构。该结构意为“越……，越……”，是一个复合句，其中前面的句子是状语从句，后面的句子是主句。
[词汇积累]
①annual/' nju l/adj.一年一度的，每年的
②movement/'mu vm nt/n．动作，活动
③migration/maI'ɡreI ( )n/n．迁徙
④somehow/'s mha /adv.用某种方法，不知怎么地
⑤measure/'me /v.量，测量
⑥position/p 'zI ( )n/n．位置
⑦determine/dI't mIn/v.测定，确定
⑧eventually/I'vent u li/adv.终于，最终
⑨solution/s 'lu ( )n/n．解决，解决方法
⑩amazing/ 'meIzI /adj.惊人的，了不起的
crash/kr /v.暴跌
per cent/p 'sent/n．百分之
destroy/dI'str I/vt.破坏，毁掉
awareness/ 'we nIs/n．意识，认识
survive/s 'vaIv/v．活下来，幸存
[课文译文]
黑脉金斑蝶的旅程
许多动物在一年中的某些时候从一个地方迁移到另一个地方。这种一年一度的运动叫作迁徙。它们迁徙是为了寻找食物，寻找伴侣，或寻找温暖的天气。在自然界中，黑脉金斑蝶的迁徙是其中最美妙的一个。
每年秋天，数以百万计的这些长着漂亮的黑色和橙色相间的翅膀的昆虫开始了漫长而艰难的旅程。不知如何做到的，它们能设法向南飞了大约4 000千米，并找到了它们通往加利福尼亚或墨西哥的路。然而，直到最近，没有人知道它们是如何做到这一点的。
由华盛顿大学的伊莱·史利泽曼教授领导的一个科学团队已经找到了答案。他们发现黑脉金斑蝶能够分辨一天中的时间。它用眼睛测量太阳的位置。这两条信息—— 一天中的时间和太阳在天空中的位置——可以让黑脉金斑蝶决定它需要走哪条路。最终，它设法到达它要去过冬的地方。
在黑脉金斑蝶陷入严重困境之际，人们终于揭开了它的惊人能力之谜。在过去的几年里，它的数量减少了百分之九十。不幸的是，人类活动是黑脉金斑蝶数量下降的主要原因。在许多可以找到黑脉金斑蝶的地方，人们正在破坏自然环境。他们砍伐树木，使用化学药品杀死黑脉金斑蝶幼虫所吃的植物。
然而，了解黑脉金斑蝶的行为的研究使人们对这一生物有了更多的认识。人们一直在共同努力，记录它的迁徙，并确保有足够的植物供它食用。如果这项工作奏效，可能有一天黑脉金斑蝶的数量会再次增加。我们对这种可爱的生物了解得越多，它存活下来的机会就越大，并且可以在未来很长一段时间里保持它在自然界中的位置。
1.seek v．寻找，寻求
She managed to calm him down and seek help from a neighbour.
她设法使他平静下来，然后向一位邻居求助。
He sought to account for the reason for his failure.
他试图解释他失败的原因。
He sought for a practical solution to the problem but failed.
他寻求解决这个问题的切实办法，但失败了。
[学法点拨] 以 aught和 ought结尾的过去式和过去分词：
catch→caught→caught teach→taught→taught buy→bought→bought
fight→fought→fought bring→brought→brought think→thought→thought
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He also said he would seek ________ (reduce) state spending.
②We are trying to seek ____ the trouble spot of the instrument.
③His parents asked why he did not seek ____ work.
④我们决定寻找这些问题的答案。
We ____________ solutions to the problems.
to reduce
out
for
determine to seek
2.measure v．量，测量
Scientists are trying to measure all the matter in the universe.
科学家们正在努力测量宇宙中的所有物质。
It measures how much work the team can do.
它可以衡量团队完成的工作量。
Many people are confused about the new ways of measuring temperature.
许多人都搞不清测量温度的新方法。
Perhaps what's most important here is that these measures can be changed.也许这里最重要的是这些措施是可以改变的。
We must take necessary measures to reduce crime in the area.
我们必须采取必要措施来减少这个地区的犯罪。
[归纳探究]
(1)measure n. 措施；方法
(2)take measures... 采取措施
[名师指津] measure作“某物有……长(宽、高等)”时，为不及物动词，用作定语时常用现在分词的形式。
The new bridge, measuring twice as long as the old one，was completed last month.这座新桥是旧桥的两倍长，是上个月完工的。
[图形助记]
The carpenter is measuring the length of the desk.这个木匠正在量这张桌子的长度。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The table ________ (measure) 1 metre long.
②An earthquake ________ (measure) 6.1 struck California yesterday.
③We are ready to help all African countries ____________ (采取措施) to reduce the risks of COVID 19.
measures
measuring
take measures
3.determine v．确定，测定
What he believes to be true determines his action.
他信之为真的事物决定了他的行为。
Authorities are still working to determine how much money was lost.有关部门仍在确定具体的损失金额。
Chandra was determined to become a doctor.钱德拉决心做一名医生。
Carrie went out and there he sat, determining to do something.
嘉莉出去了，而他还坐在那里，下定决心要做些事情。
[归纳探究]
(1)determine to do sth. 决定做某事(表示动作)
(2)determined adj. 坚决的；有决心的
be determined to do sth. 决心做某事(表示状态)
(3)determination n. 决心
[语境助记] He was a very determined young man who fought the illness with courage and determination and was determined to get out of all the bad habits. He thought a decision sometimes could dertermine the future.
他是一个很有决心的年轻人，用勇气和决心对抗疾病，并决心改掉所有的坏习惯。他认为一个决定有时会影响未来。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Age and experience will be ____________ (determine) factors in our choice.
②They have made a __________ (determine) effort to stop smoking.
③他决定给家人一个安全牢固的生活基础。
He _________________ his family a secure and solid base.
④他们离开村庄，决心再也不回来了。
They left their village, __________________________．
determining
determined
was determined to give
determined never to come back
4.survive v．活下来，幸存
The more we know about these delicate creatures，the greater the chance they will survive.
我们对这些纤弱的生物了解得越多，它们活下来的机会就越大。
Every teenager must learn to survive on his own.
每个年轻人必须学会依靠自己生存。
As long as we are together, we will survive from this storm.
只要我们在一起，我们就能从这场风暴中幸存下来。
[归纳探究]
(1)survive from 从……存活下来；从……流传下来
survive on 靠……存活下来
(2)survivor n. 幸存者
survival n. 幸存；残存
[名师指津] survive的宾语
作为及物动词，表示“幸存”时，宾语为地震、事故、袭击、疾病、霜冻等名词；表示“比某人长命”时，以人作宾语。
[即学即练] 用survive的适当形式填空
①There could be two or three of the dolphins left in the river，but they have no chance of ________．
②Her father was a ________. Her mother had not survived.
③He ________ the earthquake after spending 3 days in an air pocket.
survival
survivor
survived
5.effect n．影响，结果
There is no doubt that “The Belt and Road” Initiative will have a great effect on all the relevant countries.
毫无疑问，“一带一路”倡议将会对所有相关国家产生巨大影响。
They will feel sleepy in class, which will have bad effects on their memories and studies.
他们课堂上会犯困，这将对他们的记忆力和学业产生坏的影响。
These new rules will be brought/carried/put into effect soon.
这些新规定将很快付诸实施。
An official said the new marriage law took effect on Wednesday.
一名官员表示，这项新婚姻法条规于周三生效了。
[归纳探究]
[联想拓展]
(1)effect的动词形式为affect.
(2)“对……有影响”还可以用：have an impact on...
have an influence on...
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Overusing will have a bad effect ___ you and your study.
②It's hard to believe that some ancient laws are still ____ effect.
③They did not say when the measure would come ____ effect.
④压力对健康及我们集中精力的能力有重要的影响。
____________________ health and our ability to concentrate.
on
in
into
Stress has a major effect on
6.destroy v．破坏，毁掉，摧毁
A number of paintings in this castle were destroyed in a fire in 2009.
这个城堡里的许多油画在2009年被一场大火毁掉了。
Before the firemen arrived, the whole building had already been completely destroyed in the big fire.
在消防队员到达之前，整幢大楼已经在大火中被完全烧毁了。
The truck whose engine was damaged yesterday is being repaired in the garage now.昨天发动机坏了的那辆卡车现在正在车库里被修理。
The rainy weather lasted for a couple of days, completely ruining our plan for a picnic.持续下了几天雨，这彻底破坏了我们的野餐计划。
[归纳探究]
be completely destroyed by the fire 被火彻底烧毁
destroy the environment 破坏环境
destroy one's confidence/hope /faith 摧毁某人的信心/希望/信仰
[联想拓展]
destruction n．破坏
destructive adj.毁灭性的，造成破坏的
destroy→destroyed→destroyed
destroy指彻底、不能或很难修复的“破坏”“毁坏”；
damage指部分“破坏”“损坏”，一般可以修复；
ruin指严重的“毁坏”，侧重于破坏事物的内在价值。
[熟词生义]
destroy毁掉(希望、计划等)；杀死；消灭
Her mother said the stress was destroying them all.
她母亲说压力正在摧毁他们所有人。
damaged
ruined
were destroyed
destruction
destructive
7.solution n．解决，解决办法；答案
We are supposed to come up with a solution to stop people looking down at their mobile phones while driving cars.
我们应该想出一个解决办法来阻止人们开车时低头看手机。
We must think out three more solutions to the problem.
我们必须再想出三个解决此问题的办法。
I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved.
我写下了不能解决这个问题的所有原因。
With most of the problems solved, I felt a great weight taken off my mind.大部分问题都解决了，我感到如释重负。
[归纳探究]
(1)a solution to... ……的解决办法(to是介词)
provide/offer a solution 提供解决办法
suggest/put forward a solution 提出解决办法
find/come up with a solution 找到/想出解决办法
seek/look for a solution 寻找解决办法
(2)solve a problem 解决问题
solve a mystery/puzzle 解开谜团
[学法点拨]
后跟介词to的常见名词短语：
the key to... ……的钥匙/答案
the answer to... ……的答案
the entrance to... ……的入口
the approach to... ……的方法
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The solution ___ last week's puzzle is on page 12.
②The school advisers help you talk through your problems but they don't give you any direct ________ (solve)．
to
solution
8.(教材原句)The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come.我们对这种可爱的生物了解得越多，它生存的机会以及在很长一段时间内保持它在自然界中的地位就越大。
[句式解构] 本句为“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”结构
(1)该结构意为“(……)越……，(……)越……”，表示后者随着前者的变化而变化。
(2)通常情况下，前一个“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”相当于条件状语从句，后一个“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”相当于主句。
(3)在表示将来意义的情况下，前者常用一般现在时，后者用一般将来时。
The more learned a man is, the more modest he usually becomes.
一个人越博学，通常就会变得越谦虚。
It's believed that the harder you work, the better results you'll get.
人们相信，工作越努力，得到的结果就越好。
(4)如果句意明确，该结构常以省略形式出现。
The more, the better.多多益善。
The sooner, the better.越快越好。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The more fat you take in before bedtime, the ________ (great) burden (负担) you will put on your body at night.
②The ____________ (positive) an article (was), the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book.
③她对考试越来越有信心了。当然，她学习越努力，考试成绩就越好。
She is getting ____________ confident about the exams and of course, ________ she studies, ________ results she will get.
greater
more positive
more and more
the harder
the better
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．They are arguing with their classmates about the s________ to the problem.
2．The big ship was d________ by the iceberg (冰山) and all passengers fell into the river.
3．I want to thank ________ (教授) Doris, without whose help I couldn't have made so much progress.
4．It's ________ (惊人的) that the small village has changed into a famous tourist city in only ten years.
solution
destroyed
Professor
amazing
5．I bought her a beautiful bag to show my ________ (感激) of all the help she'd given me.
6．I worked as a ________ (志愿者) in the 2008 Olympic Games, which is a valuable experience in my life.
7．Well, I've found our ________ (位置) on the map if you want to see where we are.
8．If people keep polluting the ocean, no creature will ________ (存活) in the long run.
appreciation
volunteer
position
survive
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Encouraged by a famous dancer, the little girl is __________ (determine) to do what she is interested in.
2．One day after school, while __________ (explore) the green woods of this magnificent mountain, I almost fell on a set of stairs.
3．He had been in hospital for six months. He felt as if he was cut ________ from the outside world.
4．Learning English not only increases my ________ (aware) of foreign cultures but also helps me to communicate with English speaking people and make more new friends.
5．I want to express our ________ (appreciate) of all the help on behalf of my class.
determined
exploring
off
awareness
appreciation
6．Overfishing and pollution are threatening (威胁) the ________ (survive) of certain fish species.
7．I would appreciate ___ if I'm offered an opportunity to display (展示) my talent.
8．—This is the third time he has been praised for his ________ (volunteer) work for the Red Cross.
—No wonder he is so excited!
9．The temperature now is much higher than ____ of 100 years ago because of more and more greenhouse gases.
10．—Hi, Andrew. How can you improve your English so much
—Oh, it's nothing difficult. The ________ (hard) you work at it, the more progress you will make.
survival
it
voluntary
that
harderUnit 5 Into the wild
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
词汇预习·夯实基础
Ⅰ.词义匹配
( )1.percent A．n.慈善机构，慈善团体
( )2.measure B．v.活下来，幸存
( )3.seek C．n.百分比
( )4.survive D．v.量，测量
( )5.charity E．n.影响，结果
( )6.effect F．v.寻找，寻求
( )7.annual G．n.位置
( )8.position H．v.暴跌
( )9.crash I．v.破坏，毁掉
( )10.destroy J．adj.一年一度的，每年的
Ⅱ.拓展词汇知变形
1．________ v. 测定，确定→determined adj. 坚决的；有决心的；意志坚定的→determination n. 决心；果断；测定
2．________ adv. 终于，最终→eventual adj. 最终的；可能的
3．________ n. 解决，解决方法→solve v. 解决；解答
4．________ adj. 惊人的，了不起的→amaze v. (使)吃惊；(使)惊异
5．________ v. 活下来，幸存→survival n. 幸存；继续生存→survivor n. 幸存者；生还者
Ⅲ.短语互译
1．____________ 在某些时候
2．____________ 一队
3．____________ 砍倒
4．____________ lead to
5．____________ feed on
6．____________ in trouble
预习验收·对接课堂
Ⅰ.单词默写
1．________ adj. 一年一度的，每年的
2．________ v. 寻找，寻求
3．________ v. 测定，确定
4．________ adv. 终于，最终
5．________ n. 解决，解决方法
6．________ adj. 惊人的，了不起的
7．________ v. 暴跌
8．________ v. 破坏，毁掉
9．________ v. 幸存，活下来
10．________ n. 位置
Ⅱ.短语填空
at certain times, a team of, cut down, lead to, feed on, in trouble
1．The movement takes six hours with ____________ three men.
2．He tried to ____________ on smoking but failed.
3．____________ a wonderful and helpful child will turn into a terrible animal.
4．Just call me whenever you're ____________．
5．Bats (蝙蝠) fly at night and ____________ insects.
6．All roads ____________ Rome.
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．许多动物在一年中的某些时候从一个地方迁徙到另一个地方。
Many animals ________________ at certain times of the year.
2．然而，直到最近，没有人知道它们是如何做到这一点的。
However, until recently no one knew ________________________________．
3．人们一直在共同努力，记录它的迁徙，并确保有足够的植物供它食用。
People ________________ together to record its migration and make sure that there are enough plants for it to feed on.
阅读研析·合作学习
Ⅰ.课文解构
Ⅱ.长难句分析
1．These two pieces of information—the time of day and the point where the sun is in the sky—allow the butterfly to determine the way to go.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译]
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．They cut down trees and use chemicals that kill the plants that monarch caterpillars eat.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译]
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Ⅲ.框架建构：整体理解
Main ideas Details
The monarch's migration The definition of 1.________． Millions of monarch butterflies begin a 2.________ and 3.________ journey.
Human's activities 4.________ scientists led by Professor Eli Shlizerman has now found how butterflies migrated. Human activity is 5.________ the number of the monarch is falling. People 6.________ together to record its migration and make sure there are enough plants for it to feed on.
Ⅳ.根据课文内容选择正确答案(细节探究)
1．According to the text, many animals migrate ________．
A.at a fixed time every year
B．every year
C．at an unfixed time every year
D．every autumn
2．According to the text, how many kilometres do monarch butterflies travel south
A．More than 4，000 km. B．Less than 4，000 km.
C．About 4，000 km. D．About 4，000 m．
3．According to scientists, how can the monarch measure the position of the sun
A．Using its eyes. B．Using its wings.
C．Using its legs. D．Using its nose.
4．What is the author's attitude to monarch butterflies
A.Promising. B．Indifferent.
C．Negative. D．Cold.
[教材原文]
The Monarch's Journey
Many animals move from one place to another at certain times of the year. This annual① movement② is called migration③. They migrate to find food, seek a partner, or in search of warmer weather. One of the most wonderful migrations in nature is that of the North American monarch butterfly.
Every autumn, millions of these beautiful insects with fine black and orange wings begin a long and difficult journey. Somehow④ they manage to travel around 4，000 kilometres south and find their way to California or Mexico. However, until recently no one knew how they did this.
A team of scientists led by Professor Eli Shlizerman at the University of Washington 【1】 has now found the answer. They have found out that the monarch is able to tell the time of day. It uses its eyes to measure⑤ the position⑥ of the sun. These two pieces of information—the time of day and the point where the sun is in the sky 【2】—allow the butterfly to determine⑦ the way to go. Eventually⑧， it manages to reach the places where it will spend the winter.
【1】led短语为过去分词短语作定语。
【2】where引导的定语从句修饰先行词point。
The solution⑨ to the mystery of the monarch's amazing⑩ ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble. Its population has crashed by as much as 90 per cent in the last few years. Sadly, human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling. In many of the places where the butterfly can be found, people are destroying the natural environment. They cut down trees and use chemicals that kill the plants that monarch caterpillars eat【3】.
【3】此处两个that都是引导的定语从句。第一个that的先行词是chemicals；第二个that的先行词是plants。
The research on the monarch's behaviour has however led to a greater awareness of this creature. People have been working together to record its migration and make sure that there are enough plants for it to feed on【4】. If this works, there may come a time when the number of monarch butterflies increases once again. The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive 【5】 and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come.
【4】此句运用了现在完成进行时。现在完成进行时表示过去某一时刻发生的动作一直持续到现在，并有可能继续持续下去。
【5】此句为“the＋比较级．.., the＋比较级．..”结构。该结构意为“越……，越……”，是一个复合句，其中前面的句子是状语从句，后面的句子是主句。
[词汇积累]
①annual/' nju l/adj.一年一度的，每年的
②movement/'mu vm nt/n．动作，活动
③migration/maI'ɡreI ( )n/n．迁徙
④somehow/'s mha /adv.用某种方法，不知怎么地
⑤measure/'me /v.量，测量
⑥position/p 'zI ( )n/n．位置
⑦determine/dI't mIn/v.测定，确定
⑧eventually/I'vent u li/adv.终于，最终
⑨solution/s 'lu ( )n/n．解决，解决方法
⑩amazing/ 'meIzI /adj.惊人的，了不起的
crash/kr /v.暴跌
per cent/p 'sent/n．百分之
destroy/dI'str I/vt.破坏，毁掉
awareness/ 'we nIs/n．意识，认识
survive/s 'vaIv/v．活下来，幸存
[课文译文]
黑脉金斑蝶的旅程
许多动物在一年中的某些时候从一个地方迁移到另一个地方。这种一年一度的运动叫作迁徙。它们迁徙是为了寻找食物，寻找伴侣，或寻找温暖的天气。在自然界中，黑脉金斑蝶的迁徙是其中最美妙的一个。
每年秋天，数以百万计的这些长着漂亮的黑色和橙色相间的翅膀的昆虫开始了漫长而艰难的旅程。不知如何做到的，它们能设法向南飞了大约4 000千米，并找到了它们通往加利福尼亚或墨西哥的路。然而，直到最近，没有人知道它们是如何做到这一点的。
由华盛顿大学的伊莱·史利泽曼教授领导的一个科学团队已经找到了答案。他们发现黑脉金斑蝶能够分辨一天中的时间。它用眼睛测量太阳的位置。这两条信息—— 一天中的时间和太阳在天空中的位置——可以让黑脉金斑蝶决定它需要走哪条路。最终，它设法到达它要去过冬的地方。
在黑脉金斑蝶陷入严重困境之际，人们终于揭开了它的惊人能力之谜。在过去的几年里，它的数量减少了百分之九十。不幸的是，人类活动是黑脉金斑蝶数量下降的主要原因。在许多可以找到黑脉金斑蝶的地方，人们正在破坏自然环境。他们砍伐树木，使用化学药品杀死黑脉金斑蝶幼虫所吃的植物。
然而，了解黑脉金斑蝶的行为的研究使人们对这一生物有了更多的认识。人们一直在共同努力，记录它的迁徙，并确保有足够的植物供它食用。如果这项工作奏效，可能有一天黑脉金斑蝶的数量会再次增加。我们对这种可爱的生物了解得越多，它存活下来的机会就越大，并且可以在未来很长一段时间里保持它在自然界中的位置。
1.seek v．寻找，寻求
She managed to calm him down and seek help from a neighbour.
她设法使他平静下来，然后向一位邻居求助。
He sought to account for the reason for his failure.
他试图解释他失败的原因。
He sought for a practical solution to the problem but failed.
他寻求解决这个问题的切实办法，但失败了。
[归纳探究]
seek
seek for同义表达：look for, search for, try to find, try to get
[学法点拨] 以 aught和 ought结尾的过去式和过去分词：
catch→caught→caught teach→taught→taught buy→bought→bought
fight→fought→fought bring→brought→brought think→thought→thought
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He also said he would seek ________ (reduce) state spending.
②We are trying to seek ________ the trouble spot of the instrument.
③His parents asked why he did not seek ________ work.
④我们决定寻找这些问题的答案。
We ________________ solutions to the problems.
2.measure v．量，测量
Scientists are trying to measure all the matter in the universe.
科学家们正在努力测量宇宙中的所有物质。
It measures how much work the team can do.
它可以衡量团队完成的工作量。
Many people are confused about the new ways of measuring temperature.
许多人都搞不清测量温度的新方法。
Perhaps what's most important here is that these measures can be changed.也许这里最重要的是这些措施是可以改变的。
We must take necessary measures to reduce crime in the area.
我们必须采取必要措施来减少这个地区的犯罪。
[归纳探究]
(1)measure n. 措施；方法
(2)take measures... 采取措施
[名师指津] measure作“某物有……长(宽、高等)”时，为不及物动词，用作定语时常用现在分词的形式。
The new bridge, measuring twice as long as the old one，was completed last month.这座新桥是旧桥的两倍长，是上个月完工的。
[图形助记]
The carpenter is measuring the length of the desk.这个木匠正在量这张桌子的长度。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The table ________ (measure) 1 metre long.
②An earthquake ________ (measure) 6.1 struck California yesterday.
③We are ready to help all African countries ________ (采取措施) to reduce the risks of COVID 19.
3.determine v．确定，测定
What he believes to be true determines his action.
他信之为真的事物决定了他的行为。
Authorities are still working to determine how much money was lost.有关部门仍在确定具体的损失金额。
Chandra was determined to become a doctor.钱德拉决心做一名医生。
Carrie went out and there he sat, determining to do something.
嘉莉出去了，而他还坐在那里，下定决心要做些事情。
[归纳探究]
(1)determine to do sth. 决定做某事(表示动作)
(2)determined adj. 坚决的；有决心的
be determined to do sth. 决心做某事(表示状态)
(3)determination n. 决心
[语境助记] He was a very determined young man who fought the illness with courage and determination and was determined to get out of all the bad habits. He thought a decision sometimes could dertermine the future.他是一个很有决心的年轻人，用勇气和决心对抗疾病，并决心改掉所有的坏习惯。他认为一个决定有时会影响未来。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Age and experience will be ________ (determine) factors in our choice.
②They have made a ________ (determine) effort to stop smoking.
③他决定给家人一个安全牢固的生活基础。
He ________________________ his family a secure and solid base.
④他们离开村庄，决心再也不回来了。
They left their village, __________________________．
4.survive v．活下来，幸存
The more we know about these delicate creatures，the greater the chance they will survive.
我们对这些纤弱的生物了解得越多，它们活下来的机会就越大。
Every teenager must learn to survive on his own.
每个年轻人必须学会依靠自己生存。
As long as we are together, we will survive from this storm.
只要我们在一起，我们就能从这场风暴中幸存下来。
[归纳探究]
(1)survive from 从……存活下来；从……流传下来
survive on 靠……存活下来
(2)survivor n. 幸存者
survival n. 幸存；残存
[名师指津] survive的宾语
作为及物动词，表示“幸存”时，宾语为地震、事故、袭击、疾病、霜冻等名词；表示“比某人长命”时，以人作宾语。
[即学即练] 用survive的适当形式填空
①There could be two or three of the dolphins left in the river，but they have no chance of ________．
②Her father was a ________. Her mother had not survived.
③He ________ the earthquake after spending 3 days in an air pocket.
5.effect n．影响，结果
There is no doubt that “The Belt and Road” Initiative will have a great effect on all the relevant countries.
毫无疑问，“一带一路”倡议将会对所有相关国家产生巨大影响。
They will feel sleepy in class, which will have bad effects on their memories and studies.
他们课堂上会犯困，这将对他们的记忆力和学业产生坏的影响。
These new rules will be brought/carried/put into effect soon.
这些新规定将很快付诸实施。
An official said the new marriage law took effect on Wednesday.
一名官员表示，这项新婚姻法条规于周三生效了。
[归纳探究]
[联想拓展] (1)effect的动词形式为affect.
(2)“对……有影响”还可以用：have an impact on...
have an influence on...
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Overusing will have a bad effect ________ you and your study.
②It's hard to believe that some ancient laws are still ________ effect.
③They did not say when the measure would come ________ effect.
④压力对健康及我们集中精力的能力有重要的影响。
______________________ health and our ability to concentrate.
6.destroy v．破坏，毁掉，摧毁
A number of paintings in this castle were destroyed in a fire in 2009.
这个城堡里的许多油画在2009年被一场大火毁掉了。
Before the firemen arrived, the whole building had already been completely destroyed in the big fire.
在消防队员到达之前，整幢大楼已经在大火中被完全烧毁了。
The truck whose engine was damaged yesterday is being repaired in the garage now.昨天发动机坏了的那辆卡车现在正在车库里被修理。
The rainy weather lasted for a couple of days, completely ruining our plan for a picnic.持续下了几天雨，这彻底破坏了我们的野餐计划。
[归纳探究]
be completely destroyed by the fire 被火彻底烧毁
destroy the environment 破坏环境
destroy one's confidence/hope /faith 摧毁某人的信心/希望/信仰
[联想拓展]
destruction n．破坏
destructive adj.毁灭性的，造成破坏的
destroy→destroyed→destroyed
destroy指彻底、不能或很难修复的“破坏”“毁坏”；
damage指部分“破坏”“损坏”，一般可以修复；
ruin指严重的“毁坏”，侧重于破坏事物的内在价值。
[熟词生义] destroy毁掉(希望、计划等)；杀死；消灭
Her mother said the stress was destroying them all.
她母亲说压力正在摧毁他们所有人。
[即学即练] 选词填空/单句语法填空
①Several houses were slightly (轻微地) ________ by the storm in the village.
②One of my friends asked me to help him with his lessons this weekend, and this ________ my plan.
③Data shows that nearly 19，770 acres (英亩) of the Brazilian rainforests ________ between August 2015 and July 2016.
④There is worldwide concern about the ________ (destroy) of the rainforests.
⑤In the past, people destroyed forests and rivers for their own benefits. Their ________ (destroy) activities caused the destruction of the earth.
7.solution n．解决，解决办法；答案
We are supposed to come up with a solution to stop people looking down at their mobile phones while driving cars.
我们应该想出一个解决办法来阻止人们开车时低头看手机。
We must think out three more solutions to the problem.
我们必须再想出三个解决此问题的办法。
I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved.
我写下了不能解决这个问题的所有原因。
With most of the problems solved, I felt a great weight taken off my mind.大部分问题都解决了，我感到如释重负。
[归纳探究]
(1)a solution to... ……的解决办法(to是介词)
provide/offer a solution 提供解决办法
suggest/put forward a solution 提出解决办法
find/come up with a solution 找到/想出解决办法
seek/look for a solution 寻找解决办法
(2)solve a problem 解决问题
solve a mystery/puzzle 解开谜团
[学法点拨]
后跟介词to的常见名词短语：
the key to... ……的钥匙/答案
the answer to... ……的答案
the entrance to... ……的入口
the approach to... ……的方法
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The solution ________ last week's puzzle is on page 12.
②The school advisers help you talk through your problems but they don't give you any direct ________ (solve)．
8.(教材原句)The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come.我们对这种可爱的生物了解得越多，它生存的机会以及在很长一段时间内保持它在自然界中的地位就越大。
[句式解构] 本句为“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”结构
(1)该结构意为“(……)越……，(……)越……”，表示后者随着前者的变化而变化。
(2)通常情况下，前一个“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”相当于条件状语从句，后一个“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”相当于主句。
(3)在表示将来意义的情况下，前者常用一般现在时，后者用一般将来时。
The more learned a man is, the more modest he usually becomes.
一个人越博学，通常就会变得越谦虚。
It's believed that the harder you work, the better results you'll get.
人们相信，工作越努力，得到的结果就越好。
(4)如果句意明确，该结构常以省略形式出现。
The more, the better.多多益善。
The sooner, the better.越快越好。
[联想拓展] 比较级的其他常用结构：
越来越……(表示自身程度的改变)
With winter coming，the weather is getting colder and colder.
随着冬天的到来，天气变得越来越冷。
Green products are becoming more and more popular because they are environmentally friendly.绿色产品越来越受欢迎，因为它们环保。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The more fat you take in before bedtime, the ________ (great) burden (负担) you will put on your body at night.
②The ________ (positive) an article (was), the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book.
③她对考试越来越有信心了。当然，她学习越努力，考试成绩就越好。
She is getting ____________________ confident about the exams and of course, ________ she studies, ________ results she will get.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．They are arguing with their classmates about the s________ to the problem.
2．The big ship was d________ by the iceberg (冰山) and all passengers fell into the river.
3．I want to thank ________ (教授) Doris, without whose help I couldn't have made so much progress.
4．It's ________ (惊人的) that the small village has changed into a famous tourist city in only ten years.
5．I bought her a beautiful bag to show my ________ (感激) of all the help she'd given me.
6．I worked as a ________ (志愿者) in the 2008 Olympic Games, which is a valuable experience in my life.
7．Well, I've found our ________ (位置) on the map if you want to see where we are.
8．If people keep polluting the ocean, no creature will ________ (存活) in the long run.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Encouraged by a famous dancer, the little girl is __________ (determine) to do what she is interested in.
2．One day after school, while __________ (explore) the green woods of this magnificent mountain, I almost fell on a set of stairs.
3．He had been in hospital for six months. He felt as if he was cut ________ from the outside world.
4．Learning English not only increases my ________ (aware) of foreign cultures but also helps me to communicate with English speaking people and make more new friends.
5．I want to express our ________ (appreciate) of all the help on behalf of my class.
6．Overfishing and pollution are threatening (威胁) the ________ (survive) of certain fish species.
7．I would appreciate ________ if I'm offered an opportunity to display (展示) my talent.
8．—This is the third time he has been praised for his ________ (volunteer) work for the Red Cross.
—No wonder he is so excited!
9．The temperature now is much higher than __________ of 100 years ago because of more and more greenhouse gases.
10．—Hi, Andrew. How can you improve your English so much
—Oh, it's nothing difficult. The ________ (hard) you work at it, the more progress you will make.
Unit 5 Into the wild
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
课前预习·自主学习
词汇预习·夯实基础
Ⅰ.词义匹配
1．C 2.D 3.F 4.B 5.A 6.E 7.J 8.G 9.H 10.I
Ⅱ.拓展词汇知变形
1．determine 2.eventually 3.solution 4.amazing 5.survive
Ⅲ.短语互译
1．at certain times 2.a team of 3.cut down 4.导致
5．以……为食 6.陷入困境
预习验收·对接课堂
Ⅰ.单词默写
1．annual 2.seek 3.determine 4.eventually 5.solution 6.amazing 7.crash 8.destroy 9.survive 10.position
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．a team of 2.cut down 3.At certain times 4.in trouble 5.feed on 6.lead to
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．move from one place to another
2．how they did this
3．have been working
阅读研析·合作学习
Ⅰ.课文解构
1．migration 2.activity 3.migrated 4.falling 5.protecting
Ⅱ.长难句分析
1．这两条信息——一天中的时间和太阳在天空中的位置——让黑脉金斑蝶决定它需要走哪条路，最终，它设法到达它要去的地方。
2．他们砍伐树木，使用杀死黑脉金斑蝶幼虫所吃的植物的化学药品。
Ⅲ.框架建构：整体理解
1．migration 2.long 3.difficult 4.A team of 5.the main reason why 6.have been working
Ⅳ.根据课文内容选择正确答案(细节探究)
1．A 2.C 3.A 4.A
要点精研·探究学习
1．①to reduce ②out ③for ④determine to seek
2．①measures ②measuring ③take measures
3．①determining ②determined ③was determined to give ④determined never to come back
4．①survival ②survivor ③survived
5．①on ②in ③into ④Stress has a major effect on
6．①damaged ②ruined ③were destroyed ④destruction ⑤destructive
7．①to ②solution
8．①greater ②more positive ③more and more; the harder; the better
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．solution 2.destroyed 3.Professor 4.amazing
5．appreciation 6.volunteer 7.position 8.survive
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．determined 2.exploring 3.off 4.awareness
5．appreciation 6.survival 7.it 8.voluntary 9.that 10.harder(共24张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Using language
1.accommodation n．住处，工作场所 v．容纳(乘客等)留宿，使……适应
The advantage of using accommodation agencies is that you will have access to a large number of accommodations.
利用房屋中介的好处是，你将有机会获得大量的房源。
After the TV station moved into new accommodation，its operation seemed to be less satisfying.
电视台搬入新的工作场所后，其运作似乎不太令人满意。
[归纳探究]
provide accommodation(s) for 为……提供住宿
provide comfortable accommodations for visitors
为旅客提供舒适的住宿条件
rented/temporary/furnished accommodation
租的/临时的/有家具的住处
student accommodation 学生宿舍
accommodate (oneself) to (使自己)适应
accommodate easily 轻易地适应
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①He felt anxious that he had not found temporary ________ (accommodate)．
②After entering senior high, I needed to accommodate ____ the new schedule.
accommodation
to
2.found v．创立，创建
Harvard University, (which was) founded in 1636, is the oldest university in the United States.
创办于1636年的哈佛大学是美国最古老的大学。
I found my hopes of success on my own hard work.
我把成功的希望建立在辛勤的工作之上。
[归纳探究]
found a club 创办俱乐部
found...on... 将……建立在……之上
be founded on 建立在……基础上
[联想拓展]
foundation n．创建；创办；基础；根据
founder n．创建者，创始人
find(发现)—found—found
found(建立)—founded—founded
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Their marriage was founded ____ love and respect.
②________ (found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art.
on
Founded
识记下列短语,
①instead of代替，而不是
②take...for example以……为例
③be absent from缺席
④kill two birds with one stone一举两得
⑤when the cat's away (the mice will play)猫儿不在，老鼠作怪
⑥hold your horses慢点，别着急
⑦rain cats and dogs下倾盆大雨
⑧be for or against the statement赞成或反对这个陈述
⑨be unable to live on their own无法独立生活
⑩do more good for对……好处更多
关系副词引导的定语从句
一、语法现象感知
①She would like to live in a country where it never snows.
②The solution comes at a time when it is in serious trouble.
③Sadly, human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling.
二、语法规则理解
1．where引导的定语从句
where表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词in/at/on...＋which”。
Opposite is St. Paul's Church, where you can hear some lovely music.
＝Opposite is St. Paul's Church, in which you can hear some lovely music.
对面是圣保罗大教堂，你们在那里能听到一些动听的音乐。
2．when引导的定语从句
when表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词in/at/on/during...＋which”。
I am looking forward to the day when my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.
我期盼那一天的到来，那时我女儿可以读这本书，并且了解我对她的感情。
3．why引导的定语从句
why表示原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“for＋which”。
Do you know the reason why he didn't attend the meeting
＝Do you know the reason for which he didn't attend the meeting
你知道他没参加会议的原因吗？
关系副词引导的定语从句
引导定语从句的关系副词有when, where或why等。when，where，why在定语从句中均作状语，在意义上相当于“介词＋which”结构，分别代替表示时间、地点或原因的先行词。
一、关系副词的用法
1．when的用法
when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。它的先行词通常为time, day, morning, night, week, year等表示时间的名词。
I still remember the day when I first came to this school.
我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。(when＝on which)
He came at a time when we needed him most.
他是在我们最需要他的时候来的。(when＝at which)
We will never forget the year 1949, when the People's Republic of China was founded.
我们永远忘不了1949年，中华人民共和国成立的那一年。(when＝in which)
2．where的用法
where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常为place, spot, street, house, room, city, town, country等表示地点的名词或point, case, situation, position, stage等表示抽象地点的名词。
I recently went back to the town where I was born.
我最近曾回过一次我出生的城镇。(where＝in which)
I would like to live in a country where there is plenty of sunshine.
我想住在一个阳光充足的国家。(where＝in which)
What's the name of the place where you spent your holiday
你度假的那个地方叫什么名字？(where＝at which)
3．why的用法
why指原因，在限制性定语从句中作原因状语。它的先行词只有reason。
Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
请告诉我你误机的原因。(why＝for which)
The reason why he was punished is unknown to us.他受惩罚的原因我们都不知道。
二、关系副词与关系代词的选择
当先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的名词时，定语从句用关系副词还是关系代词来引导，要根据关系词在定语从句中所作的成分来决定。
I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays together.(when作状语)
我永远忘不了我们一起度假的日子。
I will never forget the days which/that we spent together. (which作we spent的宾语)
我永远忘不了我们一起度过的日子。
I know a place where we can have a picnic.(where作状语)我知道一个我们可以野餐的地方。
I know a place which/that is famous for its beautiful natural scenery.(which作主语)
我知道一个以自然景色优美而闻名的地方。
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．The university ________________________ (提供了很好的膳宿) to athletes from other countries.
2．You will learn how to contact a travel agency and ________________ (安排住宿)．
3．The castle, surviving the earthquake, __________ (被建在) solid rock.
4．For me, playing the piano is a great _______________ (快乐源泉)．
offers excellent accommodations
arrange accommodation
is founded on
source of enjoyment
Ⅱ.用适当的关系词填空
1．Great changes have taken place in the factory ________ we are working.
2．The town ________ we visited last month is the one ________ the famous painter was born.
3．Tony will never forget those days _____ he lived in China with his mother, which has a great effect on his life.
4．The reason _____ he was late was that something was wrong with his bike on the way.
where
that/which
where
when
why
5．Is this the reason ________ he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work
6．He wrote a letter ________ he explained what had happened in the accident.
7．We are trying to reach a point _____ both sides will sit down and talk.
8．She was likely to tell the whole truth, in cases ________ other people would have kept silent.
that/which
where
where
whereSection Ⅱ Using language
1.accommodation n．住处，工作场所 v．容纳(乘客等)留宿，使……适应
The advantage of using accommodation agencies is that you will have access to a large number of accommodations.
利用房屋中介的好处是，你将有机会获得大量的房源。
After the TV station moved into new accommodation，its operation seemed to be less satisfying.
电视台搬入新的工作场所后，其运作似乎不太令人满意。
[归纳探究]
provide accommodation(s) for 为……提供住宿
provide comfortable accommodations for visitors
为旅客提供舒适的住宿条件
rented/temporary/furnished accommodation
租的/临时的/有家具的住处
student accommodation 学生宿舍
accommodate (oneself) to (使自己)适应
accommodate easily 轻易地适应
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①He felt anxious that he had not found temporary ________ (accommodate)．
②After entering senior high, I needed to accommodate ________ the new schedule.
2.found v．创立，创建
Harvard University, (which was) founded in 1636, is the oldest university in the United States.
创办于1636年的哈佛大学是美国最古老的大学。
I found my hopes of success on my own hard work.
我把成功的希望建立在辛勤的工作之上。
[归纳探究]
found a club 创办俱乐部
found...on... 将……建立在……之上
be founded on 建立在……基础上
[联想拓展] foundation n．创建；创办；基础；根据
founder n．创建者，创始人
find(发现)—found—found
found(建立)—founded—founded
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Their marriage was founded ________ love and respect.
②________ (found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art.
识记下列短语,
①instead of代替，而不是
②take...for example以……为例
③be absent from缺席
④kill two birds with one stone一举两得
⑤when the cat's away (the mice will play)猫儿不在，老鼠作怪
⑥hold your horses慢点，别着急
⑦rain cats and dogs下倾盆大雨
⑧be for or against the statement赞成或反对这个陈述
⑨be unable to live on their own无法独立生活
⑩do more good for对……好处更多
关系副词引导的定语从句
一、语法现象感知
①She would like to live in a country where it never snows.
②The solution comes at a time when it is in serious trouble.
③Sadly, human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling.
先行词是表示时间、地点或原因(一般为reason)的名词时，代表先行词的关系词若在从句中作状语，用关系副词when, where, why引导；若在从句中作主语或宾语，就用关系代词which, that引导。
二、语法规则理解
1．where引导的定语从句
where表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词in/at/on...＋which”。
Opposite is St. Paul's Church, where you can hear some lovely music.
＝Opposite is St. Paul's Church, in which you can hear some lovely music.
对面是圣保罗大教堂，你们在那里能听到一些动听的音乐。
先行词为situation, case, stage, point, activity, atmosphere等抽象名词，且引导词在定语从句中表示事情发生的情况、阶段等时，常用关系副词where引导。
They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.
他们已经到了必须分手的地步。
2．when引导的定语从句
when表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词in/at/on/during...＋which”。
I am looking forward to the day when my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.
我期盼那一天的到来，那时我女儿可以读这本书，并且了解我对她的感情。
3．why引导的定语从句
why表示原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“for＋which”。
Do you know the reason why he didn't attend the meeting
＝Do you know the reason for which he didn't attend the meeting
你知道他没参加会议的原因吗？
在非限制性定语从句中，常用for which表示原因，而不用why。
I had told them the reason, for which I didn't attend the meeting.我告诉了他们我为什么没有去参加会议。
关系副词引导的定语从句
引导定语从句的关系副词有when, where或why等。when，where，why在定语从句中均作状语，在意义上相当于“介词＋which”结构，分别代替表示时间、地点或原因的先行词。
一、关系副词的用法
1．when的用法
when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。它的先行词通常为time, day, morning, night, week, year等表示时间的名词。
I still remember the day when I first came to this school.
我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。(when＝on which)
He came at a time when we needed him most.
他是在我们最需要他的时候来的。(when＝at which)
We will never forget the year 1949, when the People's Republic of China was founded.
我们永远忘不了1949年，中华人民共和国成立的那一年。(when＝in which)
2．where的用法
where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常为place, spot, street, house, room, city, town, country等表示地点的名词或point, case, situation, position, stage等表示抽象地点的名词。
I recently went back to the town where I was born.
我最近曾回过一次我出生的城镇。(where＝in which)
I would like to live in a country where there is plenty of sunshine.
我想住在一个阳光充足的国家。(where＝in which)
What's the name of the place where you spent your holiday
你度假的那个地方叫什么名字？(where＝at which)
3．why的用法
why指原因，在限制性定语从句中作原因状语。它的先行词只有reason。
Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
请告诉我你误机的原因。(why＝for which)
The reason why he was punished is unknown to us.他受惩罚的原因我们都不知道。
二、关系副词与关系代词的选择
当先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的名词时，定语从句用关系副词还是关系代词来引导，要根据关系词在定语从句中所作的成分来决定。
I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays together.(when作状语)
我永远忘不了我们一起度假的日子。
I will never forget the days which/that we spent together. (which作we spent的宾语)
我永远忘不了我们一起度过的日子。
I know a place where we can have a picnic.(where作状语)我知道一个我们可以野餐的地方。
I know a place which/that is famous for its beautiful natural scenery.(which作主语)
我知道一个以自然景色优美而闻名的地方。
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．The university ________________________ (提供了很好的膳宿) to athletes from other countries.
2．You will learn how to contact a travel agency and ________________________ (安排住宿)．
3．The castle, surviving the earthquake, ________________________ (被建在) solid rock.
4．For me, playing the piano is a great ________________________ (快乐源泉)．
Ⅱ.用适当的关系词填空
1．Great changes have taken place in the factory ________ we are working.
2．The town ________ we visited last month is the one ________ the famous painter was born.
3．Tony will never forget those days ________ he lived in China with his mother, which has a great effect on his life.
4．The reason ________ he was late was that something was wrong with his bike on the way.
5．Is this the reason ________ he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work
6．He wrote a letter ________ he explained what had happened in the accident.
7．We are trying to reach a point ________ both sides will sit down and talk.
8．She was likely to tell the whole truth, in cases ________ other people would have kept silent.
Section Ⅱ Using language
要点精研·探究学习
1．①accommodation ②to
2．①on ②Founded
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．offers excellent accommodations
2．arrange accommodation
3．is founded on
4．source of enjoyment
Ⅱ.用适当的关系词填空
1．where 2.that/which; where 3.when 4.why
5．that/which 6.where 7.where 8.where(共60张PPT)
Section Ⅲ
Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
词汇预习·夯实基础
Ⅰ.认知词汇知其意
1．photographer n. ____________
2．button n. ____________
3．element n. ____________
4．path n. ____________
5．capture v. ____________
6．image n. ____________
7．file n. ____________
摄影师
按钮
基本部分，要素
小径，小道
(用文字或图片)记录，捕捉
图像，影像
档案，文件
Ⅱ.拓展词汇知变形
1．________ n. 多样化，变化→vary v. 变化；改变→various adj.各种各样的；多方面的
2．__________ v. 专注，专心→concentration n. 专注，专心
3．________ v. (从糟糕经历中)恢复→recovery n. 恢复，复原；痊愈；重获
4．________ n. 吃惊，震惊→shocking adj. 令人震惊的，可怕的→shocked adj. 惊愕的，受震惊的
variety
concentrate
recover
shock
Ⅲ.短语互译
1．______________ 把……和……比较
2．____________ 与……有关
3．____________ 凝视
4．____________ a variety of
5．_______________________ concentrate on
6．____________ after all
compare...to/with...
be related to
stare at
各种各样的
把注意力集中于，全神贯注于
毕竟，终究
预习验收·对接课堂
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．What matters is how the people who possess ________ (权力) think of it.
2．The hotel offers its guests a wide ________ (种类) of amusements.
3．You only need to press all the power ________ (按钮) once.
4．The ________ (小道) offers an easy escape.
5．In some cases these ________ (要素) have different definitions and purposes.
authority
variety
buttons
path
elements
6．With his attention ____________ (集中) on his homework, John didn't notice me come in.
7．It was weeks before he fully ________ (恢复)．
8．She fainted (昏倒) away with the ________ (震惊) of the news.
9．What's your first ________ (反应) when you hear that somebody got something for free
10．The company has changed its ________ (形象)．
concentrated
recovered
shock
reaction
image
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The shop sells ___ great variety of books.
2．His IQ is ________ average, so he can solve the problem.
3．Cherries ________ (variety) in colour from almost black to yellow.
4．They took a long time to recover _____ the death of their son.
5．Young children can't concentrate ____ one activity for very long.
a
above
vary
from
on
Ⅲ.短语填空
hold your horses, rain cats and dogs, brave the elements, after all, concentrate on, a variety of
1．I have ____________ books at home.
2．Shall we ______________ and go for a walk
3．You should understand him; he is a child, __________．
4．When we were well on the way, it began to _________________ and everybody got wet.
5．____________！ We don't have to rush to the shop now. It's open till late tonight.
6．We must ____________ improving education.
a variety of
brave the elements
after all
rain cats and dogs
Hold your horses
concentrate on
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．离我只有几米的地方有一只熊。
________________________________________________________
2．我的眼睛仍然盯着相机，但我慢慢地转过身去，我吓呆了。
Slowly, and __________________________， I turned...and froze.
3．毕竟，我们才是它们世界的访客。
________ after all we ________ are the visitors to their world.
Only metres away from me was a bear.
with the camera still held to my eye
It is
who
observe
variety
stared
respect
Ⅱ.根据课文内容选择正确答案(细节探究)
1．Which of the following is the greatest in the writer's opinion
A．Take photos.
B．Working outside.
C．Observe animals.
D．Natural environment.
2．Which is not mentioned in Paragraph 2
A．Yellowstone National Park is the world's first national park.
B．There are a variety of wildlife in Yellowstone.
C．Bears can live for up to 30 years.
D．There are many kinds of bears in Yellowstone.
3．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3
A．The breathtaking view of Yellowstone.
B．The animals in Yellowstone.
C．The experience of taking photos in Yellowstone.
D．An encounter with a bear when taking photos in Yellowstone.
4．Which word can be used to describe the feeling when the writer saw the bear
A．Frightened.
B．Happy.
C．Angry.
D．Amazed.
5．Which of the following is true according to the passage
A.A photographer took some photos of the Yellowstone.
B．A photographer took some photos of wildlife in Yellowstone.
C．A photographer took a photo of a bear in Yellowstone.
D．A photographer took a photo of an eagle in Yellowstone.
Ⅲ.重点句式补全
1．我最喜欢拍照的地方是黄石国家公园。
My favourite place ___________ is Yellowstone National Park.
2．尽管体重最高可达到300千克，它们能以大约每小时64千米的速度奔跑，而且非常擅长游泳。
Despite a weight of ____ 300 kilograms, they can run at a speed of around 64 kilometres per hour and are also excellent swimmers.
3．当我专注于拍摄这个令人惊叹的场景时，我突然有了一种被人注视的感觉。
While I ________________ photographing this amazing scene, I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched.
4．我不时地看看这张照片，提醒自己要尊重所有的动物。
______________ I look at the photo as a reminder to _____________ all animals.
to take photos
up to
was concentrating on
From time to time
show respect to
Ⅳ.长难句分析
1．When I finally stepped out of the trees, the view was breathtaking.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译]
当我最终走出树林时，眼前的景色令人惊叹。
2．With water falling off its thick, brown hair, the bear stared back at me.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译]
水正从熊的浓密的棕色毛发上滴下来，它转回头凝视着我。
3．Time stood still as the bear and I both waited to see who would move first.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译]
时间静止了，熊和我都在等着看谁先行动。
[教材原文]
An Encounter with Nature
As a nature photographer, I have to brave the elements①. But despite the wind and the rain, I still enjoy working outside in the wild. One of the best things about this job is that you can observe② animals in their natural environment 【1】．
【1】that从句为表语从句。
My favourite place to take photos is Yellowstone National Park. As the world's first national park, Yellowstone is famous for the variety③ of its wildlife, but it is probably best known for its bears. These huge, strong animals can live for 30 years. Despite a weight of up to 300 kilograms, they can run at a speed of around 64 kilometres per hour and are also excellent swimmers.
Last spring in Yellowstone, I followed a path④ that took me through a dark forest 【2】. When I finally stepped out of the trees, the view was breathtaking. An eagle flew over the snow capped mountains, which were reflected in the still lake below. While I was concentrating on⑤ photographing this amazing scene⑥， I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched. Slowly, and with the camera still held to my eye 【3】， I turned...and froze. Only metres away from me was a bear. With water falling off its thick, brown hair, the bear stared back at⑦me. Time stood still as the bear and I both waited to see who would move first.
My legs started shaking. Somehow, I forced my finger to press⑧ the button. A second later, the bear turned and ran back into the forest. When I recovered⑨ from the shock⑩， I looked at my camera. My most frightening but magical experience was now captured forever in a single image .
【2】that引导的是定语从句，修饰path。
【3】“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”为with的复合结构，此结构在句中常作状语。
From time to time I look at the photo as a reminder to show respect to all animals. It is after all we who are the visitors to their world【4】．
【4】It is...who为强调句型。
[词汇积累]
①brave the elements不顾天气恶劣，冒着风雨
②observe/ b'z v/v.看到，观察
③variety/v 'raI ti/n.多样化，变化
④path/pɑ θ/n.小径，小道
⑤concentrate on把注意力集中于，全神贯注于
⑥scene/si n/n.景色，景象
⑦stare/ste /v.凝视，盯着看stare at盯着看，凝视
⑧press v．按，压
⑨recover/rI'k v /v.(从糟糕经历中)恢复
⑩shock/ k/n.吃惊，震惊
capture/'k pt /v.用(文字或图片)记录，捕捉
image/'ImId /n．图像，影像
after all毕竟，终究
[课文译文]
与自然的一次邂逅
作为一名自然摄影师，我必须不顾天气恶劣。但是，尽管有风和雨，我仍然喜欢在野外工作。这项工作中最好的事情之一就是你可以在自然环境中观察动物。
我最喜欢拍照的地方是黄石国家公园。作为世界上第一个国家公园，黄石公园以其野生生物的多样性而闻名，但最为人熟知的可能是它的熊。这些巨大而强壮的动物可以活到30岁。尽管体重达到300千克，它们能以大约每小时64千米的速度奔跑，而且也是优秀的游泳运动员。
去年春天在黄石公园，我沿着一条小路穿过一片黑暗的森林。当我终于走出树林时，景色令人叹为观止。一只老鹰飞过白雪皑皑的群山，反射在静谧的湖面上。当我专注于拍摄这个令人惊叹的场景时，我突然有了一种被人注视的感觉。
慢慢地，相机还贴着我的眼睛，我转过身来……呆住了。离我只有几米远的地方有一只熊。水从熊的浓密的棕色毛发上落下，它回望着我。时间凝固了，熊和我都在等着看谁先动。我的腿开始发抖。不知怎么地，我强迫我的手指按下按钮。一秒钟后，熊转身跑回了森林里。当我从震惊中恢复过来时，我看着我的相机。我的最可怕的却神奇的经历已经被永远定格在一张照片中。
我不时地看看这张照片，提醒自己要尊重所有的动物。毕竟，我们才是它们世界的访客。
1.recover v．(从糟糕经历中)恢复；康复
When I recovered from the shock, I looked at my camera.
当我从震惊中恢复过来的时候，我看了看相机。
Is there any chance for her to recover？她有没有复原的希望？
[归纳探究]
(1)recover from... 从……恢复
(2)recovery n. 恢复；复苏；回升；痊愈
make a recovery from 康复
[联想拓展] 常见的“恢复”的表达：
recover v．恢复 regain v．恢复
refresh vt.使恢复精神 come to oneself恢复常态
catch one's breath喘口气；恢复正常呼吸 pick up恢复原状
[即学即练] 完成句子
①人们告诉他在他能够康复并返回工作之前要至少三个多月的时间。
He was told that it would be at least three more months
____________________________________ .
②我父亲手术后已完全康复了。
My father has ___________________ the operation.
before he could recover and return to work
made a full recovery from
2.variety n．品种；多样化，变化
Yellowstone is famous for the variety of its wildlife.
黄石国家公园就是以它多样化的野生动物而闻名。
Rooms vary in size and are all equipped with hairdriers, televisions and telephones.房间大小不同，均配有吹风机、电视和电话。
Anger seems simple when we are feeling it，but the causes of anger are various.
我们感到生气似乎很简单，但是生气的原因是多种多样的。
[归纳探究]
(1)vary v. 变化，不同
vary in... 在……方面不同
vary with... 随着……而变化
(2)various adj. 各种各样的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①There are ________ (vary) ways to solve the problem.
②There are ________ (variety) of plants in the garden.
③The amount of sleep we need ______ (vary) from person to person.
④樱桃的颜色由近乎黑到黄各不相同。
Cherries ___________ from almost black to yellow.
⑤人们会由于种种原因改变主意。
People can change their minds for ______________________．
various
varieties
varies
vary in color
a variety of/various reasons
3.shock n．吃惊，震惊 v．使惊愕
Seeing the scene，the little boy was speechless with shock.
看到那个场面，小男孩惊得说不出话来。
The news of his death came as a great shock to everyone.
他去世的消息让所有人都非常震惊。
It shocked us to hear that the cinema was closing down.
听说这家电影院就要关闭，我们惊讶不已。
[归纳探究]
(1)It shocks sb. to see/hear... 看到/听到……使某人震惊
(2)shocking adj. 令人震惊的，令人气愤的(常用来形容事物)
shocked adj. 吃惊的，震惊的(多用来形容人)
be shocked at... 对……感到震惊,
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①____ shocked us to learn that Louis was disabled, after an operation (手术) on his foot.
②We were ________ (shock) when we heard of the news that the plane crashed in the storm.
③All the people present at the meeting felt ________ at the ________ decision announced (宣布) by the manager. (shock)
It
shocked
shocked
shocking
4.concentrate v．专注，专心
Some students can't concentrate on their study and tend to feel sleepy in class.有些学生不能全神贯注学习，往往在课堂上犯困。
She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.
为了集中精力学习，她已经拒绝了几个在节目中担任主演的邀请。
[归纳探究]
concentrate on (doing)．.. 把注意力集中于(做)……，
专注(做)……
concentrate one's efforts/attention on (doing)．..
集中精力/注意力于(做)……
be difficult/impossible to concentrate 很难/不可能专心
[联想拓展]
“集中精力于……”的其他表达：
focus on focus/fix one's mind/attention on
be buried/lost/absorbed in pay attention to
put one's heart into devote oneself to
[归纳拓展]
concentration n．专注，专心
concentrated adj.全力以赴的，浓缩的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①When I drove, I lost my _________ (concentrate) and nearly drove into a bridge.
②These kids are so absorbed ____ their studies that I just sit back.
③Tom and his partner made a _________ (concentrate) effort to finish the work on time.
concentration
in
concentrated
5.freeze v．突然停住，呆住
When the thermometer is at 0 degree centigrade, water will freeze.
当温度计降到摄氏零度时，水便会结冰。
The first thing he did was to find shelter from the freezing wind and snow.
他做的第一件事就是找个躲避寒冷风雪的地方。
[归纳探究]
be frozen with horror 被吓呆
be frozen to death 被冻死
freeze up 突然呆住；冻住
[联想拓展]
freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的 adv.极冷地 n.冰点
frozen adj.冷冻的；结冰的；极冷
freezing cold极冷
freezing point冰点
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①I ____________ (freeze) with terrors as the door slowly opened.
②Our professor told us that salt water ________ (freeze) at a lower temperature than fresh water.
froze/was frozen
freezes
6.reaction n．(对某一情形或事件的)反应
Most people's reaction to that question is that we are probably not helping enough.大多数人对那个问题的反应是我们可能不会帮得太多。
It is important to know how metals react with different substances, for example, water and oxygen.
知道金属与不同的物质如何发生反应是很重要的，如水和氧气。
He reacted angrily to the suggestion that he had lied.
说他撒谎，他非常生气。
[归纳探究]
[名师指津] 与“反应”搭配的介词
动词react和名词reaction表示“(化学)反应”时常与介词with搭配；表示“作出反应，回应”时，常与介词to搭配。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①What was Jeff's ________ (react) when you told him about the job
②The water was reacting ________ the iron in the tank.
③Children tend to react ________ their parents by going against their wishes.
④公众对罗宾逊夫人的决定有何反应？
What was ______________ the public to Mrs Robinson's decision？
reaction
with
against
the reaction of
7.after all毕竟；终究
“I might win that race after all，” he said to himself.
他自言自语道：我终究会赢得那场比赛。
First of all, you should know what job suits you.
首先，你该知道什么职业适合你。
There were twelve of us in all for dinner.
我们一共十二人吃的晚饭。
Without her care and concern, he had no chance at all.
若非她的关心和照顾，他根本没有机会。
Above all, chairs should be comfortable.
椅子首先应该舒适。
[归纳探究]
(1)first of all 首先(强调顺序)
(2)in all (＝in total＝altogether) 总共
(3)at all 到底，根本
(4)above all 最重要的是(强调重要性)
[语境助记] First of all, you should not have scolded the boy; he is a child after all. Above all he only made two mistakes in all.
首先，你本不该责备那个男孩，毕竟他是个孩子。最重要的是，他总共只犯了两次错。,
[即学即练] 选词填空
after all/first of all/in all/at all/above all
①_________ I must take these magazines to the teacher.
②Children need many things, but _________ they need love.
③There were twenty ____ at the party.
④________， 15 minutes of exercise is better than nothing.
⑤For the first few years, I didn't get any money ________．
First of all
above all
in all
After all
at all
8.(教材原句)It is after all we who are the visitors to their world.毕竟，我们才是它们世界的访客。
[句式解构] 本句为强调句型
强调句型的基本结构为“It＋is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他”。该句型可对句子的主语、宾语、状语等进行强调，但不能强调谓语。使用强调句型时需要注意以下几点：
(1)强调句型中的It本身没有意义，但不能用其他词代替。
(2)被强调部分指人时用that/who均可，其他情况一律用that。
(3)被强调部分如果是原句的主语，that/who之后的谓语动词在人称和数上应与原句的主语保持一致。
It is you that/who are too careless.是你太粗心了。
强调句型的特殊形式：
一般疑问句式 Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他？
Was it you that/who I saw last night at the concert
昨晚在音乐会上我见到的人是你吗？
特殊疑问句式 特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it that＋其他？
Who was it that told Jim the news？是谁告诉吉姆这个消息的？
[联想拓展] 强调句型的判断方法：去掉it is/was和that/who，适当调整语序，如果能还原成完整的句子，则为强调句型，否则就不是。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ________ we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
②It was my sister ________ helped me out when I was in trouble.
③Was it because Jack came late for school ________ Mr. Smith got angry
that
that/who
that
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．There are a v________ of tourist attractions (旅游景点) and historical sites in Beijing.
2．He was c______________ on his job, so he didn't even look up when we came in.
3．Scientists have been curious about that fish. How does it live where most fish would f________ to death
4．When Tony finished telling his joke, all his schoolmates s________ at him and then burst into laughter.
variety
concentrating
freeze
stared
5．The guidance teacher is their adviser, offering them suggestions and solutions when they e________ difficulties.
6．Jane Goodall thinks it worthwhile (值得的) to spend the whole day in the forest and ________ (观察) how the chimps live.
7．A positive attitude (态度) towards your disease will definitely help you ________ (康复)．
encounter
observe
recover
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Anger seems simple when we are feeling it，but the causes of anger are ________ (vary)．
2．When you begin to work, you should be able to concentrate ________ the subject.
3．She stared ________ the painting, wondering where she had seen it.
4．What Tom's parents really doubt is whether he will recover ________ the serious disease soon.
various
on
at
from
5．After full ________ (recover) at home, he went back to the hospital to thank the nurse who had cared for him.
6．The news was ________ (frighten) and they were very ________ (shock) at it.
7．Whatever the weather is like, my younger sister works ___ in the gym every day.
8．It was only after he had read the papers _____ Mr Gross realized the task was extremely difficult to complete.
recovery
frightening
shocked
out
thatSection Ⅲ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
词汇预习·夯实基础
Ⅰ.认知词汇知其意
1．photographer n. ____________
2．button n. ____________
3．element n. ____________
4．path n. ____________
5．capture v. ____________
6．image n. ____________
7．file n. ____________
Ⅱ.拓展词汇知变形
1．________ n. 多样化，变化→vary v. 变化；改变→various adj.各种各样的；多方面的
2．________ v. 专注，专心→concentration n. 专注，专心
3．________ v. (从糟糕经历中)恢复→recovery n. 恢复，复原；痊愈；重获
4．________ n. 吃惊，震惊→shocking adj. 令人震惊的，可怕的→shocked adj. 惊愕的，受震惊的
Ⅲ.短语互译
1．____________ 把……和……比较
2．____________ 与……有关
3．____________ 凝视
4．____________ a variety of
5．____________ concentrate on
6．____________ after all
预习验收·对接课堂
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．What matters is how the people who possess ________ (权力) think of it.
2．The hotel offers its guests a wide ________ (种类) of amusements.
3．You only need to press all the power ________ (按钮) once.
4．The ________ (小道) offers an easy escape.
5．In some cases these ________ (要素) have different definitions and purposes.
6．With his attention ________ (集中) on his homework, John didn't notice me come in.
7．It was weeks before he fully ________ (恢复)．
8．She fainted (昏倒) away with the ________ (震惊) of the news.
9．What's your first ________ (反应) when you hear that somebody got something for free
10．The company has changed its ________ (形象)．
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The shop sells ________ great variety of books.
2．His IQ is ________ average, so he can solve the problem.
3．Cherries ________ (variety) in colour from almost black to yellow.
4．They took a long time to recover ________ the death of their son.
5．Young children can't concentrate ________ one activity for very long.
Ⅲ.短语填空
hold your horses, rain cats and dogs, brave the elements, after all, concentrate on, a variety of
1．I have ____________ books at home.
2．Shall we ____________ and go for a walk
3．You should understand him; he is a child, __________．
4．When we were well on the way, it began to ____________ and everybody got wet.
5．____________！ We don't have to rush to the shop now. It's open till late tonight.
6．We must ____________ improving education.
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．离我只有几米的地方有一只熊。
________________________________________________________________________
2．我的眼睛仍然盯着相机，但我慢慢地转过身去，我吓呆了。
Slowly, and ________________________________， I turned...and froze.
3．毕竟，我们才是它们世界的访客。
________ after all we ________ are the visitors to their world.
阅读研析·合作学习
Ⅰ.框架建构：整体理解
A nature photographer can 1.________ animals in their natural environment.
His favourite place to take photos is Yellowstone National Park, which is famous for the 2.________ of its wildlife.
When the writer encountered a bear, they 3.________ at each other and a second later, it left.
We humans should show 4.________ to all animals.
Ⅱ.根据课文内容选择正确答案(细节探究)
1．Which of the following is the greatest in the writer's opinion
A．Take photos. B．Working outside.
C．Observe animals. D．Natural environment.
2．Which is not mentioned in Paragraph 2
A．Yellowstone National Park is the world's first national park.
B．There are a variety of wildlife in Yellowstone.
C．Bears can live for up to 30 years.
D．There are many kinds of bears in Yellowstone.
3．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3
A．The breathtaking view of Yellowstone.
B．The animals in Yellowstone.
C．The experience of taking photos in Yellowstone.
D．An encounter with a bear when taking photos in Yellowstone.
4．Which word can be used to describe the feeling when the writer saw the bear
A．Frightened. B．Happy.
C．Angry. D．Amazed.
5．Which of the following is true according to the passage
A.A photographer took some photos of the Yellowstone.
B．A photographer took some photos of wildlife in Yellowstone.
C．A photographer took a photo of a bear in Yellowstone.
D．A photographer took a photo of an eagle in Yellowstone.
Ⅲ.重点句式补全
1．我最喜欢拍照的地方是黄石国家公园。
My favourite place ________________ is Yellowstone National Park.
2．尽管体重最高可达到300千克，它们能以大约每小时64千米的速度奔跑，而且非常擅长游泳。
Despite a weight of ________ 300 kilograms, they can run at a speed of around 64 kilometres per hour and are also excellent swimmers.
3．当我专注于拍摄这个令人惊叹的场景时，我突然有了一种被人注视的感觉。
While I ________________ photographing this amazing scene, I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched.
4．我不时地看看这张照片，提醒自己要尊重所有的动物。
________________ I look at the photo as a reminder to ________________ all animals.
Ⅳ.长难句分析
1．When I finally stepped out of the trees, the view was breathtaking.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译]
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．With water falling off its thick, brown hair, the bear stared back at me.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译]
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．Time stood still as the bear and I both waited to see who would move first.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译]
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[教材原文]
An Encounter with Nature
As a nature photographer, I have to brave the elements①. But despite the wind and the rain, I still enjoy working outside in the wild. One of the best things about this job is that you can observe② animals in their natural environment 【1】．
【1】that从句为表语从句。
My favourite place to take photos is Yellowstone National Park. As the world's first national park, Yellowstone is famous for the variety③ of its wildlife, but it is probably best known for its bears. These huge, strong animals can live for 30 years. Despite a weight of up to 300 kilograms, they can run at a speed of around 64 kilometres per hour and are also excellent swimmers.
Last spring in Yellowstone, I followed a path④ that took me through a dark forest 【2】. When I finally stepped out of the trees, the view was breathtaking. An eagle flew over the snow capped mountains, which were reflected in the still lake below. While I was concentrating on⑤ photographing this amazing scene⑥， I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched. Slowly, and with the camera still held to my eye 【3】， I turned...and froze. Only metres away from me was a bear. With water falling off its thick, brown hair, the bear stared back at⑦me. Time stood still as the bear and I both waited to see who would move first. My legs started shaking. Somehow, I forced my finger to press⑧ the button. A second later, the bear turned and ran back into the forest. When I recovered⑨ from the shock⑩， I looked at my camera. My most frightening but magical experience was now captured forever in a single image .
【2】that引导的是定语从句，修饰path。
【3】“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”为with的复合结构，此结构在句中常作状语。
From time to time I look at the photo as a reminder to show respect to all animals. It is after all we who are the visitors to their world【4】．
【4】It is...who为强调句型。
[词汇积累]
①brave the elements不顾天气恶劣，冒着风雨
②observe/ b'z v/v.看到，观察
③variety/v 'raI ti/n.多样化，变化
④path/pɑ θ/n.小径，小道
⑤concentrate on把注意力集中于，全神贯注于
⑥scene/si n/n.景色，景象
⑦stare/ste /v.凝视，盯着看stare at盯着看，凝视
⑧press v．按，压
⑨recover/rI'k v /v.(从糟糕经历中)恢复
⑩shock/ k/n.吃惊，震惊
capture/'k pt /v.用(文字或图片)记录，捕捉
image/'ImId /n．图像，影像
after all毕竟，终究
[课文译文]
与自然的一次邂逅
作为一名自然摄影师，我必须不顾天气恶劣。但是，尽管有风和雨，我仍然喜欢在野外工作。这项工作中最好的事情之一就是你可以在自然环境中观察动物。
我最喜欢拍照的地方是黄石国家公园。作为世界上第一个国家公园，黄石公园以其野生生物的多样性而闻名，但最为人熟知的可能是它的熊。这些巨大而强壮的动物可以活到30岁。尽管体重达到300千克，它们能以大约每小时64千米的速度奔跑，而且也是优秀的游泳运动员。
去年春天在黄石公园，我沿着一条小路穿过一片黑暗的森林。当我终于走出树林时，景色令人叹为观止。一只老鹰飞过白雪皑皑的群山，反射在静谧的湖面上。当我专注于拍摄这个令人惊叹的场景时，我突然有了一种被人注视的感觉。慢慢地，相机还贴着我的眼睛，我转过身来……呆住了。离我只有几米远的地方有一只熊。水从熊的浓密的棕色毛发上落下，它回望着我。时间凝固了，熊和我都在等着看谁先动。我的腿开始发抖。不知怎么地，我强迫我的手指按下按钮。一秒钟后，熊转身跑回了森林里。当我从震惊中恢复过来时，我看着我的相机。我的最可怕的却神奇的经历已经被永远定格在一张照片中。
我不时地看看这张照片，提醒自己要尊重所有的动物。毕竟，我们才是它们世界的访客。
1.recover v．(从糟糕经历中)恢复；康复
When I recovered from the shock, I looked at my camera.
当我从震惊中恢复过来的时候，我看了看相机。
Is there any chance for her to recover？她有没有复原的希望？
[归纳探究]
(1)recover from... 从……恢复
(2)recovery n. 恢复；复苏；回升；痊愈
make a recovery from 康复
[联想拓展] 常见的“恢复”的表达：
recover v．恢复 regain v．恢复
refresh vt.使恢复精神 come to oneself恢复常态
catch one's breath喘口气；恢复正常呼吸 pick up恢复原状
[即学即练] 完成句子
①人们告诉他在他能够康复并返回工作之前要至少三个多月的时间。
He was told that it would be at least three more months ________________________ .
②我父亲手术后已完全康复了。
My father has ________________________________ the operation.
2.variety n．品种；多样化，变化
Yellowstone is famous for the variety of its wildlife.
黄石国家公园就是以它多样化的野生动物而闻名。
Rooms vary in size and are all equipped with hairdriers, televisions and telephones.房间大小不同，均配有吹风机、电视和电话。
Anger seems simple when we are feeling it，but the causes of anger are various.
我们感到生气似乎很简单，但是生气的原因是多种多样的。
[归纳探究]
(1)vary v. 变化，不同
vary in... 在……方面不同
vary with... 随着……而变化
(2)various adj. 各种各样的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①There are ________ (vary) ways to solve the problem.
②There are ________ (variety) of plants in the garden.
③The amount of sleep we need ______ (vary) from person to person.
④樱桃的颜色由近乎黑到黄各不相同。
Cherries ____________________ from almost black to yellow.
⑤人们会由于种种原因改变主意。
People can change their minds for ______________________．
3.shock n．吃惊，震惊 v．使惊愕
Seeing the scene，the little boy was speechless with shock.
看到那个场面，小男孩惊得说不出话来。
The news of his death came as a great shock to everyone.
他去世的消息让所有人都非常震惊。
It shocked us to hear that the cinema was closing down.
听说这家电影院就要关闭，我们惊讶不已。
[归纳探究]
(1)It shocks sb. to see/hear... 看到/听到……使某人震惊
(2)shocking adj. 令人震惊的，令人气愤的(常用来形容事物)
shocked adj. 吃惊的，震惊的(多用来形容人)
be shocked at... 对……感到震惊,
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①________ shocked us to learn that Louis was disabled, after an operation (手术) on his foot.
②We were ________ (shock) when we heard of the news that the plane crashed in the storm.
③All the people present at the meeting felt ________ at the ________ decision announced (宣布) by the manager. (shock)
4.concentrate v．专注，专心
Some students can't concentrate on their study and tend to feel sleepy in class.有些学生不能全神贯注学习，往往在课堂上犯困。
She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.
为了集中精力学习，她已经拒绝了几个在节目中担任主演的邀请。
[归纳探究]
concentrate on (doing)．.. 把注意力集中于(做)……，
专注(做)……
concentrate one's efforts/attention on (doing)．..
集中精力/注意力于(做)……
be difficult/impossible to concentrate 很难/不可能专心
[联想拓展]
“集中精力于……”的其他表达：
focus on focus/fix one's mind/attention on
be buried/lost/absorbed in pay attention to
put one's heart into devote oneself to
[归纳拓展]
concentration n．专注，专心
concentrated adj.全力以赴的，浓缩的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①When I drove, I lost my ________ (concentrate) and nearly drove into a bridge.
②These kids are so absorbed ________ their studies that I just sit back.
③Tom and his partner made a ________ (concentrate) effort to finish the work on time.
5.freeze v．突然停住，呆住
When the thermometer is at 0 degree centigrade, water will freeze.
当温度计降到摄氏零度时，水便会结冰。
The first thing he did was to find shelter from the freezing wind and snow.
他做的第一件事就是找个躲避寒冷风雪的地方。
[归纳探究]
be frozen with horror 被吓呆
be frozen to death 被冻死
freeze up 突然呆住；冻住
[联想拓展]
freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的 adv.极冷地 n.冰点
frozen adj.冷冻的；结冰的；极冷
freezing cold极冷
freezing point冰点
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①I ________ (freeze) with terrors as the door slowly opened.
②Our professor told us that salt water ________ (freeze) at a lower temperature than fresh water.
6.reaction n．(对某一情形或事件的)反应
Most people's reaction to that question is that we are probably not helping enough.大多数人对那个问题的反应是我们可能不会帮得太多。
It is important to know how metals react with different substances, for example, water and oxygen.
知道金属与不同的物质如何发生反应是很重要的，如水和氧气。
He reacted angrily to the suggestion that he had lied.
说他撒谎，他非常生气。
[归纳探究]
[名师指津] 与“反应”搭配的介词
动词react和名词reaction表示“(化学)反应”时常与介词with搭配；表示“作出反应，回应”时，常与介词to搭配。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①What was Jeff's ________ (react) when you told him about the job
②The water was reacting ________ the iron in the tank.
③Children tend to react ________ their parents by going against their wishes.
④公众对罗宾逊夫人的决定有何反应？
What was __________________ the public to Mrs Robinson's decision？
7.after all毕竟；终究
“I might win that race after all，” he said to himself.
他自言自语道：我终究会赢得那场比赛。
First of all, you should know what job suits you.
首先，你该知道什么职业适合你。
There were twelve of us in all for dinner.
我们一共十二人吃的晚饭。
Without her care and concern, he had no chance at all.
若非她的关心和照顾，他根本没有机会。
Above all, chairs should be comfortable.
椅子首先应该舒适。
[归纳探究]
(1)first of all 首先(强调顺序)
(2)in all (＝in total＝altogether) 总共
(3)at all 到底，根本
(4)above all 最重要的是(强调重要性)
[语境助记] First of all, you should not have scolded the boy; he is a child after all. Above all he only made two mistakes in all.
首先，你本不该责备那个男孩，毕竟他是个孩子。最重要的是，他总共只犯了两次错。,
[即学即练] 选词填空
after all/first of all/in all/at all/above all
①________________ I must take these magazines to the teacher.
②Children need many things, but ________________ they need love.
③There were twenty ________ at the party.
④________， 15 minutes of exercise is better than nothing.
⑤For the first few years, I didn't get any money ________．
8.(教材原句)It is after all we who are the visitors to their world.毕竟，我们才是它们世界的访客。
[句式解构] 本句为强调句型
强调句型的基本结构为“It＋is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他”。该句型可对句子的主语、宾语、状语等进行强调，但不能强调谓语。使用强调句型时需要注意以下几点：
(1)强调句型中的It本身没有意义，但不能用其他词代替。
(2)被强调部分指人时用that/who均可，其他情况一律用that。
(3)被强调部分如果是原句的主语，that/who之后的谓语动词在人称和数上应与原句的主语保持一致。
It is you that/who are too careless.是你太粗心了。
强调句型的特殊形式：
一般疑问句式 Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他？ Was it you that/who I saw last night at the concert 昨晚在音乐会上我见到的人是你吗？
特殊疑问句式 特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it that＋其他？ Who was it that told Jim the news？是谁告诉吉姆这个消息的？
[联想拓展] 强调句型的判断方法：去掉it is/was和that/who，适当调整语序，如果能还原成完整的句子，则为强调句型，否则就不是。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ________ we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
②It was my sister ________ helped me out when I was in trouble.
③Was it because Jack came late for school ________ Mr. Smith got angry
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．There are a v________ of tourist attractions (旅游景点) and historical sites in Beijing.
2．He was c________ on his job, so he didn't even look up when we came in.
3．Scientists have been curious about that fish. How does it live where most fish would f________ to death
4．When Tony finished telling his joke, all his schoolmates s________ at him and then burst into laughter.
5．The guidance teacher is their adviser, offering them suggestions and solutions when they e________ difficulties.
6．Jane Goodall thinks it worthwhile (值得的) to spend the whole day in the forest and ________ (观察) how the chimps live.
7．A positive attitude (态度) towards your disease will definitely help you ________ (康复)．
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Anger seems simple when we are feeling it，but the causes of anger are ________ (vary)．
2．When you begin to work, you should be able to concentrate ________ the subject.
3．She stared ________ the painting, wondering where she had seen it.
4．What Tom's parents really doubt is whether he will recover ________ the serious disease soon.
5．After full ________ (recover) at home, he went back to the hospital to thank the nurse who had cared for him.
6．The news was ________ (frighten) and they were very ________ (shock) at it.
7．Whatever the weather is like, my younger sister works ________ in the gym every day.
8．It was only after he had read the papers ________ Mr Gross realized the task was extremely difficult to complete.
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
课前预习·自主学习
词汇预习·夯实基础
Ⅰ.认知词汇知其意
1．摄影师 2.按钮 3.基本部分，要素 4.小径，小道
5．(用文字或图片)记录，捕捉 6.图像，影像 7.档案，文件
Ⅱ.拓展词汇知变形
1．variety 2.concentrate 3.recover 4.shock
Ⅲ.短语互译
1．compare...to/with... 2.be related to 3.stare at 4.各种各样的 5.把注意力集中于，全神贯注于 6.毕竟，终究
预习验收·对接课堂
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．authority 2.variety 3.buttons 4.path 5.elements
6．concentrated 7.recovered 8.shock 9.reaction 10.image
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．a 2.above 3.vary 4.from 5.on
Ⅲ.短语填空
1．a variety of 2.brave the elements 3.after all 4.rain cats and dogs 5.Hold your horses 6.concentrate on
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．Only metres away from me was a bear.
2．with the camera still held to my eye
3．It is; who
阅读研析·合作学习
Ⅰ.框架建构：整体理解
1．observe 2.variety 3.stared 4.respect
Ⅱ.根据课文内容选择正确答案(细节探究)
1．C 2.D 3.D 4.A 5.C
Ⅲ.重点句式补全
1．to take photos 2.up to 3.was concentrating on
4．From time to time; show respect to
Ⅳ.长难句分析
1．当我最终走出树林时，眼前的景色令人惊叹。
2．水正从熊的浓密的棕色毛发上滴下来，它转回头凝视着我。
3．时间静止了，熊和我都在等着看谁先行动。
要点精研·探究学习
1．①before he could recover and return to work
②made a full recovery from
2．①various ②varieties ③varies
④vary in color ⑤a variety of/various reasons
3．①It ②shocked ③shocked; shocking
4．①concentration ②in ③concentrated
5．①froze/was frozen ②freezes
6．①reaction ②with ③against ④the reaction of
7．①First of all ②above all ③in all ④After all ⑤at all
8．①that ②that/who ③that
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．variety 2.concentrating 3.freeze
4．stared 5.encounter 6.observe 7.recover
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．various 2.on 3.at 4.from 5.recovery
6．frightening；shocked 7.out 8.that(共14张PPT)
Section Ⅳ Writing an animal fact file
Step Ⅰ 文本研读
Ⅰ.框架建构：整体理解
Skim an animal fact file and you'll find that it is usually described on the basis of ________________________ as a clue.
information of an animal
Ⅱ.文本剖析：细节探究
An animal fact file
Appearance
(外貌) one of the largest cranes in the world, standing at about 1.________ tall
features: as 2.________ as snow, except for some black ones on the face, neck and wings
unique feature: the 3.___________ on the top of its head
Habitat
(栖息地) in 4.________， Russia, Mongolia, Japan and the Korean Peninsula
Migration
(迁徙) When the weather gets cold, it will 5.________ to warm places.
150 cm
white
bright red skin
China
migrate
Diet(饮食) 6.________： fish, snails and water plants
Symbolic
meaning
(象征意义) a symbol of long life and good luck
food
Ⅲ.语言点
①except for除了
His composition is good except for some spelling mistakes.
他的作文比较好，除了几个拼写错误。
②unique feature独有的特征
③red crowned crane丹顶鹤
Step Ⅱ Writing
[篇章结构]
描写动物有以下几种写作方法：
(1)总分结合法
采用总分结合法描写动物时，要注意总述与分述之间的关系。分述部分要紧紧围绕总述的内容来写，包括动物的外表、栖息地、食物等方面。此外，分述要有一定的顺序。
(2)特征说明法
采用特征说明法描写动物时，一般先介绍动物的某一特征，再说明该特征的作用或说明为什么会具有这样的特征。接着用同样的方式介绍动物的其他特征。
(3)重点突出法
采用重点突出法描写动物时，首先要仔细观察此动物，找出它与众不同的地方加以描述。在描述动物最主要的特点时，可采用比喻、拟人等修辞手法，使重点更加突出，给读者留下深刻的印象。
[常用表达]
①...is an animal that/which lives in the mountains.……是一种生活在山里的动物。
②It feeds/lives on...它靠……为生。
③As forests are constantly being cut down, its habitat is becoming smaller and smaller.
随着森林被不断砍伐，它的栖息地变得越来越小。
④To protect the..., measures should be taken to set up some nature reserves.
为了保护……，应该采取措施建立一些自然保护区。
⑤It's our eager hope that more people will lend us a hand to help save them.
我们热切地希望有更多的人能帮助我们拯救它们。
⑥If we don't protect them, they will probably die out soon.
如果我们不保护它们，它们可能很快就会灭绝。
⑦Finally, we should let people know the importance of protecting endangered animals.
最后，我们应该让人们知道保护濒危动物的重要性。
[实践应用]
根据下列内容，写一篇有关濒危动物——金丝猴的短文。
1．外貌：金黄色或者灰色；尾巴几乎和身体一样长。
2．栖息地：主要在中国，海拔在1 500～3 300米的森林中。
3．生活习性：群居，吃树叶、果子。
4．濒危动物，呼吁大家保护金丝猴。
注意：词数80个左右。
第一步 谋篇布局
第二步 遣词造句
?完成句子
1．金丝猴是一种可爱的动物。
The golden monkey is _________________．
2．它们的毛是金黄色或灰色的。
Their fur ______________．
3．它们居住在森林里。
____________________
4．处于海拔1 500～3 300米的地方。
The altitude ________________________．
5．我们的政府已经建立了一些自然保护区来保护它们。
Our government _________________________________．
6．越来越多的人意识到保护它们的重要性。
More and more people ________________________________．
a kind of lovely animal
is golden or gray
They live in the forests.
is 1，500～3，300 metres high
has set up some nature reserves to protect them
realize the importance of protecting them
句式升级
7．用whose引导的定语从句改写句1和句2。
8．用where引导的定语从句改写句3和句4。
9．用with的复合结构合并句5和句6。
The golden monkey is a kind of lovely animal, whose fur is golden or gray.
They live in the forests, where the altitude is 1，500～3，300 metres high.
With our government setting up some nature reserves, more and more people realize the importance of protecting them.
第三步 完美成篇
用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇英语短文。
The golden monkey is a kind of lovely animal, whose fur is golden or gray. Their tails are almost as long as their bodies.
Golden monkeys mainly live in China. They live in the forests, where the altitude is 1，500～3，300 metres high. Besides, they like to live in groups and eat fruit, tree leaves, and so on.
Nowadays, the number of the golden monkey is decreasing. So our government has taken measures to control this. With our government setting up some nature reserves, more and more people realize the importance of protecting them. It's time for every one of us to take immediate action to preserve golden monkeys.Section Ⅳ Writing an animal fact file
Step Ⅰ 文本研读
Ⅰ.框架建构：整体理解
Skim an animal fact file and you'll find that it is usually described on the basis of ________________________ as a clue.
Ⅱ.文本剖析：细节探究
An animal fact file
Appearance (外貌) one of the largest cranes in the world, standing at about 1.________ tall features: as 2.________ as snow, except for some black ones on the face, neck and wings unique feature: the 3.________ on the top of its head
Habitat (栖息地) in 4.________， Russia, Mongolia, Japan and the Korean Peninsula
Migration (迁徙) When the weather gets cold, it will 5.________ to warm places.
Diet(饮食) 6.________： fish, snails and water plants
Symbolic meaning (象征意义) a symbol of long life and good luck
Ⅲ.语言点
①except for除了
His composition is good except for some spelling mistakes.他的作文比较好，除了几个拼写错误。
②unique feature独有的特征
③red crowned crane丹顶鹤
Step Ⅱ Writing
[篇章结构]
描写动物有以下几种写作方法：
(1)总分结合法
采用总分结合法描写动物时，要注意总述与分述之间的关系。分述部分要紧紧围绕总述的内容来写，包括动物的外表、栖息地、食物等方面。此外，分述要有一定的顺序。
(2)特征说明法
采用特征说明法描写动物时，一般先介绍动物的某一特征，再说明该特征的作用或说明为什么会具有这样的特征。接着用同样的方式介绍动物的其他特征。
(3)重点突出法
采用重点突出法描写动物时，首先要仔细观察此动物，找出它与众不同的地方加以描述。在描述动物最主要的特点时，可采用比喻、拟人等修辞手法，使重点更加突出，给读者留下深刻的印象。
[常用表达]
①...is an animal that/which lives in the mountains.……是一种生活在山里的动物。
②It feeds/lives on...它靠……为生。
③As forests are constantly being cut down, its habitat is becoming smaller and smaller.
随着森林被不断砍伐，它的栖息地变得越来越小。
④To protect the..., measures should be taken to set up some nature reserves.
为了保护……，应该采取措施建立一些自然保护区。
⑤It's our eager hope that more people will lend us a hand to help save them.
我们热切地希望有更多的人能帮助我们拯救它们。
⑥If we don't protect them, they will probably die out soon.
如果我们不保护它们，它们可能很快就会灭绝。
⑦Finally, we should let people know the importance of protecting endangered animals.
最后，我们应该让人们知道保护濒危动物的重要性。
[实践应用]
根据下列内容，写一篇有关濒危动物——金丝猴的短文。
1．外貌：金黄色或者灰色；尾巴几乎和身体一样长。
2．栖息地：主要在中国，海拔在1 500～3 300米的森林中。
3．生活习性：群居，吃树叶、果子。
4．濒危动物，呼吁大家保护金丝猴。
注意：词数80个左右。
第一步 谋篇布局
第二步 遣词造句
?完成句子
1．金丝猴是一种可爱的动物。
The golden monkey is __________________________________________________．
2．它们的毛是金黄色或灰色的。
Their fur __________________________________________________________．
3．它们居住在森林里。
________________________________________________________________________
4．处于海拔1 500～3 300米的地方。
The altitude ________________________________________________________________．
5．我们的政府已经建立了一些自然保护区来保护它们。
Our government ________________________________________．
6．越来越多的人意识到保护它们的重要性。
More and more people __________________________________________．
?句式升级
7．用whose引导的定语从句改写句1和句2。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
8．用where引导的定语从句改写句3和句4。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
9．用with的复合结构合并句5和句6。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
第三步 完美成篇
用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇英语短文。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Section Ⅳ Writing an animal fact file
写作精析·技能提升
Step Ⅰ 文本研读
Ⅰ.框架建构：整体理解
information of an animal
Ⅱ.文本剖析：细节探究
1．150 cm 2.white 3.bright red skin 4.China 5.migrate
6．food
Step Ⅱ Writing
第二步
1．a kind of lovely animal
2．is golden or gray
3．They live in the forests.
4．is 1，500～3，300 metres high
5．has set up some nature reserves to protect them
6．realize the importance of protecting them
7．The golden monkey is a kind of lovely animal, whose fur is golden or gray.
8．They live in the forests, where the altitude is 1，500～3，300 metres high.
9．With our government setting up some nature reserves, more and more people realize the importance of protecting them.
第三步
The golden monkey is a kind of lovely animal, whose fur is golden or gray. Their tails are almost as long as their bodies.
Golden monkeys mainly live in China. They live in the forests, where the altitude is 1，500～3，300 metres high. Besides, they like to live in groups and eat fruit, tree leaves, and so on.
Nowadays, the number of the golden monkey is decreasing. So our government has taken measures to control this. With our government setting up some nature reserves, more and more people realize the importance of protecting them. It's time for every one of us to take immediate action to preserve golden monkeys.
