(共24张PPT)
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
听力词汇·清障
1．news about the ____________ 有关洪水的消息
2．a 7.8-magnitude earthquake ____________
3．tornado ____________
4．eyewitness ____________
5．landslide ____________
6．a southern ____________ 一个南部居住区
floods
一场7.8级地震
龙卷风
目击者
滑坡
neighbourhood
话题听力·体验
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1．Who is the woman talking with
A.Her teacher.
B．Her uncle.
C．Her classmate.
B
2．Where did the earthquake take place according to the woman
A．In New Zealand.
B．In America.
C．In Canada.
A
3．Why did the woman come back to Canada
A．She got hurt in the earthquake.
B．She wanted to take a break.
C．She took an exchange program.
B
4．What does the man think of studying in Australia
A．Wonderful.
B．Terrible.
C．Funny.
A
听力原文
M: Hi, Sally. I haven't seen you in years! What are you up to these days
W: Good to see you, Uncle Jimmy. I'm planning to go back to university.
M: Aren't you studying in New Zealand
W: That's right. But there was a big earthquake during my third year, so I took a break and came back to Canada.
M: Oh, no. Did you get hurt
W: No, I was fine. But I just decided to come back for a couple of months.
M: Okay. So when are you going back to school
W: In two weeks. I'm actually finishing my last year in Australia through an exchange program.
M: That's cool.
W: What about you When are you going back to America
M: In a month.
听说主题·语境
以下是一篇关于自然灾害的对话，根据汉语提示补全对话。
M: I've just learned 1.__________ (一场暴雨) hit your village yesterday. Is everything all right
W: No. The heavy storm 2._________________ (引发了可怕的洪水). I was really frightened.
M: That's terrible.
W: The flood swept over my village and many neighbours 3.________________________ (被巨浪卷走).
a heavy storm
caused a terrible flood
were swept away by huge waves
M: Are your family safe
W: Fortunately they are all safe, but my house has been destroyed.
M: Where are you living now
W: We are 4.______________ (现在住在避难处).
M: I think people should get better prepared to protect themselves from flooding.
W: I think so.
living in a shelter
探·听力发音技巧
发音技巧
1．清辅音和浊辅音的发音技巧
辅音类别 示例
清辅音 [p] pay, peach, supply, speed, spend
[t] foot, sit, team, table, student, stop
[k] kiss, class, clock, cat, sky, skirt
[f] life, first, fast, father, far, photo
[s] face, stop, study, star, sad, nice
[ ] fish, wish, wash, shirt, short
[θ] three, thank, mouth, tooth, think
[h] home, horse, house, he, his, him
[tr] tree, try, train, trip, true, street
[t ] cheap, chair, check, child, watch
浊辅音 [b] bee, buy, but, black, blue, basket
[d] dog, do, sad, bad, dad
[g] big, get, good, guest, glass
[v] very, never, five, fever
[z] busy, easy, nose, zero
[ ] usual, pleasure, decision
[ ] that, these, there, father, brother
[r] red, room, run, right, rat, rose
[dr] driver, dress, draw, dry
[d ] large, cage, bridge, change, job
注意 (1)在[s]后[p]要读成相应的浊辅音[b]
(2)在[s]后[t]要读成相应的浊辅音[d]
(3)在[s]后[k]要读成相应的浊辅音[g]
2.以-ed结尾的单词的发音规律
(1)在清辅音[p][t][k][f][s][h]等后读[t]，如： watched, marked, finished, stopped, cooked等。
(2)在浊辅音[g][v][z][r][m][n]等后或元音后读[d]，如：cleaned, played, prepared等。
(3)在[t][d]后读[id]，如： painted, started, visited, minded等。
听词辩音
1．选出字母组合发音与其他三项不同的单词
(1)A.breathe B．length
C．death D．thank
(2)A.sport B．percent
C．pipe D．tap
(3)A.affect B．erupt
C．whistle D．effect
(4)A.cheap B．ache
C．watch D．child
(5)A.cleaned B．worked
C．washed D．helped
2．在含有所给音标发音的单词下面画线
(1)[p] Peter was sleeping on the pillow.
(2)[f] It's very difficult for us to finish it before five.
(3)[b] Bob will be back before six o'clock.
(4)[d] Every dog has his day.
(5)[t] Time and tide wait for no man.
(6)[ d] We visited the museum where there are some painted pictures.
学·语言要点知识
1 rescue n．& vt.营救；救援
(1)come to one's rescue＝rescue sb. 救援某人
rescue worker 救援人员
(2)rescue...from... 把……从……营救出来
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Those travellers were trapped in the mountain, waiting to ________ (rescue).
②The firefighters rescued five children ________ the burning house yesterday.
be rescued
from
[写美] 词汇升级
③When we were trapped in the ruins, the soldiers saved us.
→When we were trapped in the ruins, the soldiers
______________________．
[助记] Rescue workers were shocked by the damage that the flood had caused.
rescued us/came to our rescue
2 damage vt.损害；破坏 n．损坏；损失
(1)cause/do damage to... 对……造成损害
pay for the damage 赔偿损失
suffer damage 遭受损失
(2)damage one's health 损害某人的健康
[写美] 一句多译
众所周知，吸烟会损害我们的健康。
①It is well-known that smoking can ______________. (damage vt.)
②As we all know, smoking can ______________________. (damage n．)
[指津] ①destroy指彻底的损坏，常含不能或很难修复的意思。
②damage损坏、毁坏，指部分损坏，降低某物的价值。
damage our health
do/cause damage to our health
3 affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动
affect sb./sth. 影响某人/某事
be deeply affected by 被……深深打动
be affected with＋疾病 患有……疾病
[练透] 写出下列句中affect的含义
①In my opinion, following others' advice without thinking will affect our own decision.__________
②Affected with a high fever, he continued with his work.___________
③The audience were deeply affected by the moving story. __________
[写美] 完成句子
④那小男孩的经历深深感动了我们，因此我们决定帮助他。
We ___________________ the little boy's experience, so we decided to help him.
[指津] “对……有很大影响”荟萃：affect sb. greatly; have a great effect/influence on。
影响
(疾病)侵袭
打动
were deeply affected by
4 shelter n．避难处；居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险)
(1)take shelter from... 躲避……
under the shelter of... 在……的庇护下
a shelter for sb./sth. ……的庇护所
(2)shelter...from... 保护……不受……
[练透] 单句语法填空
①We sat in the shade, ________ (shelter) from the sun.
②Some parents are just too protective. They want to shelter their kids ________ every kind of danger.
[写美] 完成句子
③救援队帮助无家可归的妇女和儿童建立了庇护所。
The rescue teams helped ______________ homeless women and children.
sheltering
from
set up shelters for
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The earthquake was so powerful that most of the houses were completely ________ (破坏).
2．The small village was _______ (淹没), leaving the villagers homeless.
3．This is one of the worst natural ________ (灾难) ever to hit the area.
4．________ (避难所) were built for those who were lucky enough to ________ (幸存) the flood.
5．As he was ________ (侵染) with a serious disease, the athlete was no longer able to speak clearly.
destroyed
flooded
disasters
Shelters
survive
affected
Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式
1．A new stadium has been ________ (建立) in our school, where we can take part in many sports events.
2．There are ______ (至少) 200 athletes competing in the track and field.
3．Once you come across a new word, you can _________ (查阅) the dictionary.
4．_________________ (成百上千的幸存者) in the earthquake are in need of water, food and clothes.
5．Even if the weather was terrible, _____________ (营救人员) finally made it to the flood-hit area.
set up
at least
refer to
Hundreds of survivors
the rescue workersUNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
(主题语境——人与自然之自然灾害)
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
听力词汇·清障
1．news about the ____________ 有关洪水的消息
2．a 7.8-magnitude earthquake ____________
3．tornado ____________
4．eyewitness ____________
5．landslide ____________
6．a southern ____________ 一个南部居住区
话题听力·体验
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1．Who is the woman talking with
A.Her teacher.
B．Her uncle.
C．Her classmate.
2．Where did the earthquake take place according to the woman
A．In New Zealand.
B．In America.
C．In Canada.
3．Why did the woman come back to Canada
A．She got hurt in the earthquake.
B．She wanted to take a break.
C．She took an exchange program.
4．What does the man think of studying in Australia
A．Wonderful.
B．Terrible.
C．Funny.
听说主题·语境
以下是一篇关于自然灾害的对话，根据汉语提示补全对话。
M: I've just learned 1.________________________ (一场暴雨) hit your village yesterday. Is everything all right
W: No. The heavy storm 2.____________________ (引发了可怕的洪水). I was really frightened.
M: That's terrible.
W: The flood swept over my village and many neighbours 3.________________________________ (被巨浪卷走).
M: Are your family safe
W: Fortunately they are all safe, but my house has been destroyed.
M: Where are you living now
W: We are 4.________________________ (现在住在避难处).
M: I think people should get better prepared to protect themselves from flooding.
W: I think so.
探·听力发音技巧
发音技巧
1．清辅音和浊辅音的发音技巧
辅音类别 示例
清辅音 [p] pay, peach, supply, speed, spend
[t] foot, sit, team, table, student, stop
[k] kiss, class, clock, cat, sky, skirt
[f] life, first, fast, father, far, photo
[s] face, stop, study, star, sad, nice
[ ] fish, wish, wash, shirt, short
[θ] three, thank, mouth, tooth, think
[h] home, horse, house, he, his, him
[tr] tree, try, train, trip, true, street
[t ] cheap, chair, check, child, watch
浊辅音 [b] bee, buy, but, black, blue, basket
[d] dog, do, sad, bad, dad
[g] big, get, good, guest, glass
[v] very, never, five, fever
[z] busy, easy, nose, zero
[ ] usual, pleasure, decision
[ ] that, these, there, father, brother
[r] red, room, run, right, rat, rose
[dr] driver, dress, draw, dry
[d ] large, cage, bridge, change, job
注意 (1)在[s]后[p]要读成相应的浊辅音[b] (2)在[s]后[t]要读成相应的浊辅音[d] (3)在[s]后[k]要读成相应的浊辅音[g]
2.以-ed结尾的单词的发音规律
(1)在清辅音[p][t][k][f][s][h]等后读[t]，如： watched, marked, finished, stopped, cooked等。
(2)在浊辅音[g][v][z][r][m][n]等后或元音后读[d]，如： cleaned, played, prepared等。
(3)在[t][d]后读[id]，如： painted, started, visited, minded等。
听词辩音
1．选出字母组合发音与其他三项不同的单词
(1)A.breathe B．length
C．death D．thank
(2)A.sport B．percent
C．pipe D．tap
(3)A.affect B．erupt
C．whistle D．effect
(4)A.cheap B．ache
C．watch D．child
(5)A.cleaned B．worked
C．washed D．helped
2．在含有所给音标发音的单词下面画线
(1)[p] Peter was sleeping on the pillow.
(2)[f] It's very difficult for us to finish it before five.
(3)[b] Bob will be back before six o'clock.
(4)[d] Every dog has his day.
(5)[t] Time and tide wait for no man.
(6)[ d] We visited the museum where there are some painted pictures.
学·语言要点知识
1 rescue n．& vt.营救；救援
(1)come to one's rescue＝rescue sb. 救援某人
rescue worker 救援人员
(2)rescue...from... 把……从……营救
出来[练透] 单句语法填空
①Those travellers were trapped in the mountain, waiting to ________ (rescue).
②The firefighters rescued five children ________ the burning house yesterday.
[写美] 词汇升级
③When we were trapped in the ruins, the soldiers saved us.
→When we were trapped in the ruins, the soldiers ________________________．
[助记] Rescue workers were shocked by the damage that the flood had caused.
2 damage vt.损害；破坏 n．损坏；损失
(1)cause/do damage to... 对……造成损害
pay for the damage 赔偿损失
suffer damage 遭受损失
(2)damage one's health 损害某人的健康
[写美] 一句多译
众所周知，吸烟会损害我们的健康。
①It is well-known that smoking can __________________. (damage vt.)
②As we all know, smoking can ______________________. (damage n．)
[指津] ①destroy指彻底的损坏，常含不能或很难修复的意思。
②damage损坏、毁坏，指部分损坏，降低某物的价值。
3 affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动
affect sb./sth. 影响某人/某事
be deeply affected by 被……深深打动
be affected with＋疾病 患有……疾病
[练透] 写出下列句中affect的含义
①In my opinion, following others' advice without thinking will affect our own decision.____________
②Affected with a high fever, he continued with his work.____________
③The audience were deeply affected by the moving story. ____________
[写美] 完成句子
④那小男孩的经历深深感动了我们，因此我们决定帮助他。
We ________________________ the little boy's experience, so we decided to help him.
[指津] “对……有很大影响”荟萃：affect sb. greatly; have a great effect/influence on。
4 shelter n．避难处；居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险)
(1)take shelter from... 躲避……
under the shelter of... 在……的庇护下
a shelter for sb./sth. ……的庇护所
(2)shelter...from... 保护……不受……
[练透] 单句语法填空
①We sat in the shade, ________ (shelter) from the sun.
②Some parents are just too protective. They want to shelter their kids ________ every kind of danger.
[写美] 完成句子
③救援队帮助无家可归的妇女和儿童建立了庇护所。
The rescue teams helped ________________ homeless women and children.
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The earthquake was so powerful that most of the houses were completely ________ (破坏).
2．The small village was ________ (淹没), leaving the villagers homeless.
3．This is one of the worst natural ________ (灾难) ever to hit the area.
4．________ (避难所) were built for those who were lucky enough to ________ (幸存) the flood.
5．As he was ________ (侵染) with a serious disease, the athlete was no longer able to speak clearly.
Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式
1．A new stadium has been ________ (建立) in our school, where we can take part in many sports events.
2．There are ____________ (至少) 200 athletes competing in the track and field.
3．Once you come across a new word, you can ____________ (查阅) the dictionary.
4．____________________ (成百上千的幸存者) in the earthquake are in need of water, food and clothes.
5．Even if the weather was terrible, ____________ (营救人员) finally made it to the flood-hit area.
UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
预学案
听力词汇·清障
1．floods 2.一场7.8级地震 3.龙卷风 4.目击者 5.滑坡
6．neighbourhood
话题听力·体验
答案：1.B 2.A 3.B 4.A
听力原文
M: Hi, Sally. I haven't seen you in years! What are you up to these days
W: Good to see you, Uncle Jimmy. I'm planning to go back to university.
M: Aren't you studying in New Zealand
W: That's right. But there was a big earthquake during my third year, so I took a break and came back to Canada.
M: Oh, no. Did you get hurt
W: No, I was fine. But I just decided to come back for a couple of months.
M: Okay. So when are you going back to school
W: In two weeks. I'm actually finishing my last year in Australia through an exchange program.
M: That's cool.
W: What about you When are you going back to America
M: In a month.
听说主题·语境
1．a heavy storm
2．caused a terrible flood
3．were swept away by huge waves
4．living in a shelter
研学案
探·听力发音技巧
听词辨音
1．(1)A (2)A (3)C (4)B (5)A
2．(1)[p] Peter was sleeping on the pillow．
(2)[f] It's very difficult for us to finish it before five．
(3)[b] Bob will be back before six o'clock.
(4)[d] Every dog has his day．
(5)[t] Time and tide wait for no man.
(6)[ d] We visited the museum where there are some painted pictures.
学· 语言要点知识
1．①be rescued ②from ③rescued us/came to our rescue
2．①damage our health ②do/cause damage to our health
3．①影响 ②(疾病)侵袭 ③打动 ④were deeply affected by
4．①sheltering ②from ③set up shelters for
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．destroyed 2.flooded 3.disasters 4.Shelters; survive 5.affected
Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式
1．set up 2.at least 3.refer to 4.Hundreds of survivors 5.the rescue workers(共37张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
语篇精读 形成阅读能力
Task 1 框架宏观建构：整体理解
1.What's the main idea of the text
A．A terrible earthquake of Tangshan.
B．Before the earthquake of Tangshan.
C．During the earthquake of Tangshan.
D．Damages of the earthquake of Tangshan.
A
2．Match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1 ____ A．The earthquake caused unbelievable destruction to Tangshan.
Para.2 ____ B．The earthquake happened and caused deaths and injuries in Tangshan.
Para.3 ____ C．Help came soon after the quakes.
Para.4 ____ D．Strange things happened, but no one paid attention to them.
Para.5 ____ E．Tangshan came back to life again.
D
B
A
C
E
[指津] 如何猜测词义
通过上下文猜测词义是学生需要掌握的阅读技能之一，体现了学生的推理和判断能力。
阅读时，利用上下文线索来推测生词的意义，必须要弄明白这些线索，便可猜测词汇含义。
Task 2 文本微观剖析：细节探究
Read the text on Page 50 carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．The title “THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP” means “________”．
A．the earth was awake all night long
B．a terrible earthquake happened that night
C．people on the earth couldn't fall asleep that night
D．animals on the earth couldn't fall asleep that night
B
2．Why does the author use the figures in Paragraphs 2 and 3
A．To stress the damage levels of the earthquake.
B．To explain the details of the earthquake.
C．To show the speed of the earthquake.
D．To describe the people's helplessness.
A
3．What's the meaning of the sentence “Slowly, the city began to breathe again.”？
A．People weren't sad any more.
B．The life in Tangshan began to return to normal.
C．The earthquake finally came to an end.
D．Those who were trapped were saved.
B
4．What is the tone of this text
A．Calm.
B．Pessimistic (悲观的).
C．Serious but hopeful.
D．Heartbroken but cautious (谨慎的).
C
Task 3 佳句妙笔生辉：续写提能
What rhetorical device does the author use in the following sentences (作者在下面的句子中使用了什么修辞手法？)
(1)Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.________
(2)It seemed as if the world were coming to an end.________
(3)Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet.________
明喻
夸张
拟人
教材认知 掌握知识必背
Ⅰ.基础词准确填写
1．__________ n．& vt. 破坏；毁坏
2．__________ n. 电；电能
3．__________ vt. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套
n. 险境；陷阱
4．__________ vt. 埋葬；安葬
5．__________ n. 努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
ruin
electricity
trap
bury
effort
6．____________ vi.& vt. 统一；(使)成一体
7．____________ n. 裂纹；裂缝
vi.& vt. (使)破裂
8．context n. ____________
9．percent n. ____________
adj.& adv. ____________
10．brick n. ____________
11．metal n. ____________
unify
crack
上下文；语境；背景
百分之……
每一百中
砖；砖块
金属
Ⅱ.派生词精准变形
1．________ vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过→survivor n．幸存者；生还者→survival n．幸存；生还
2．________ n．死；死亡→die vi.死；死亡→dead adj.死的；无生命的→dying adj.垂死的；临终的
3．________ n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊→shocked adj.震惊的→shocking adj.令人震惊的
survive
death
shock
4．_______ vi.& vt.呼吸→breath n．呼吸
5．_______ vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒→revival n．振兴；复苏
6．_______ vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n．痛苦；苦难→sufferer n．受苦者
7．_______ n．智慧；才智→wise adj.明智的；有智慧的→wisely adv.明智地；有智慧地
breathe
revive
suffer
wisdom
Ⅲ.重点短语双向记
1．_____________ 似乎；好像；仿佛
2．_____________ 严重受损；破败不堪
3．_____________ 震惊；吃惊
4．_____________ 结束
5．_____________ 倒塌
6．_____________ 和往常一样
7．dig out _____________
8．the number of _____________
9．get on one's feet _____________
10．tireless efforts _____________
as if
in ruins
in shock
come to an end
fall down
as usual
挖出
……的数量
站起来
不懈的努力
Ⅳ.经典句式要牢记
1．[句型公式]“too...to...”意为“太……而不能……”
[教材原句]Chickens and even pigs were ______________， and dogs refused to go inside buildings.
鸡甚至猪都因为太紧张而吃不下东西，狗拒绝进入建筑物内。
2．[句型公式]as if引导表语从句
[教材原句]____________ the world were coming to an end!
仿佛世界末日即将来临！
too nervous to eat
It seemed as if
3．[句型公式]everywhere引导地点状语从句
[教材原句]______________________， there was nothing but ruins.
幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟。
4．[句型公式]be＋形容词＋ to do
[教材原句]Water, food, and electricity _____________．
水、食物和电都难获得。
Everywhere survivors looked
were hard to get
学·语言要点知识
重点词汇
1 ruin n．& vt.破坏；毁坏
(1)be/lie in ruins 成为废墟；毁灭
(2)ruin one's hope/health/plan...
毁掉/破坏某人的希望/健康/计划等
[练透] 单句语法填空
①He returned home only to find that his house ____________ (ruin) by the flood.
②Heavy smoking ________ (ruin) your health, so you should give up smoking.
[写美] 完成句子
③地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜难眠。
_____________________ after the earthquake, which made us awake all night.
had been ruined
ruins
The whole city lay in ruins
2 shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊
(1)a great shock to sb. 对某人来说是极大的震惊
in shock 震惊；吃惊
(2)shocked adj. 震惊的；惊讶的
be shocked at/by 对……吃惊
(3)shocking adj. 令人震惊的
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Jane was shocked ________ (find) that she was lost in the forest and she couldn't help crying.
②When he finally came to himself, he looked at us ________ shock, knowing nothing about the accident.
③Hearing the story her mom told her, she wore a ________ (shock) expression.
to find
in
shocked
[写美] 完成句子
④令我非常吃惊的是，当我重游体育馆时，回忆涌上了心头。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
_______________，memory flooded back when I visited the stadium once again.
[助记] We were all shocked at the shocking news that he was still in a state of shock after the accident.
Much to my shock
Buried
buried
[写美] 句式升级
She was buried in her study. At the end of the term she made great progress.
③→_______________， she made great progress at the end of the term.
④→_____________________，she made great progress at the end of the term.
[指津] bury常用过去分词作状语。
Buried in her study
Burying herself in her study
4 effort n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
with effort 费力地
make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事
spare no effort(s) (to do sth.) 不遗余力(做某事)
[写美] 完成句子
①我将尽全力帮助处在困境中的那些同学。
I will ___________________ those students who are in trouble.
②政府决心不遗余力为无家可归者修建收容所。
The government is determined to ____________________________ homeless people.
③在共同的努力下，我相信我们一定会让世界变得更美好。
______________， I believe that we are sure to make the world a better place.
[指津] 记得“try one's best to do sth.”的高频词为“spare no efforts to do sth.”哟！
make every effort to help
spare no effort(s) to build shelters for
With joint efforts
5 suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
(1)suffer from... 患……病；因……而受苦
(2)suffer losses/pains 遭受损失/痛苦
(3)sufferings n. 苦难，痛苦
sufferer n. 受难者
[练透] 单句语法填空
①A lot of money has been collected to help those ________ (suffer) from the floods.
②She received many letters of support from some cancer ________ (suffer).
③The survivor never talked about his _________ (suffer) in the disaster.
[写美] 完成句子
④很明显，我们的地球正在遭受严重的破坏。
It is obvious that our earth is ___________________．
suffering
sufferers
suffering(s)
suffering serious damage
经典句式
1 句型公式：“too...to...”意为“太……而不能……”
(1)“too＋adj./adv.＋(for sb.) to do sth.”意为“(对某人来说)太……而不能做某事”， 表示否定意义；
(2)“too＋glad/pleased/willing/delighted/anxious＋to do sth.” 表示肯定意义。
【教材P50】 Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings.
鸡甚至猪都因为太紧张而吃不下东西，狗拒绝进入建筑物内。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①The problem is too difficult for me ________ (settle).
②I am ________ pleased to help you with your homework.
[写美] 句型转换
③I was so young that I couldn't understand the meaning of the film.
→_____________________________________________________
to settle
too
I was too young to understand the meaning of the film.
2 句型公式：as if引导表语从句
【教材P50】 It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！看起来仿佛世界末日即将来临！
[练透] 单句语法填空
①The captain treats me as if I ________ (be) his own daughter.
②Tom and his new friend talked as though they ________ (be) friends for years.
③He opened his mouth as if he ________ (say) something.
[写美] 完成句子
④好像你真对中国文化感兴趣，因此我建议你申请北京大学，中国最好的大学之一。(应用文之推荐信)
_____________________________ Chinese culture. So I recommend you to apply for Peking University，one of the best universities in China.
were
had been
would say
It seems as if you are really interested in
用·中频词汇句式
1 trap vt.使陷入困境；使陷入圈套 n．陷阱；险境
(1)be trapped in 困在……中；陷在……中
(2)trap sb. into (doing) sth. 诱使某人(做)某事
[练透] 单句语法填空
①He trapped me ________ cheating in the important examination.
②The rescue team __________ (trap) in the burning building.
into
were trapped
2 breathe vi.& vt.呼吸
breathe in/out 吸气/呼气
breath n. 呼气；呼吸
breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的
[练透] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The morning air in the quiet village is good ________ (breath).
②深深吸口气，我告诉你时再呼气。
Take a deep breath and then __________ when I tell you to.
to breathe
breathe out
3 come to an end结束；终结
at the end of 在……末端
by the end of 到……末为止(用于完成时)
in the end 最后；终于
put an end to... 结束……
[练透] 完成句子/单句语法填空
①这场战争快要结束了，所以每个人都变得对生活更乐观了。
The war was _______________， so everyone became more positive about life.
②By the end of last month, the athlete ________ (win) five medals.
coming to an end
had won
4 句型公式：主语＋be＋adj.＋to do
【教材P50】 Water, food and electricity were hard to get.水、食物和电很难获得。
[练透] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Today's homework was easy _______ (do), so Mike finished it quickly and went out to play.
②据我所知，这个老板很难相处。
As far as I know, the boss _____________________．
to do
is difficult to get along with
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．We moved into a small room with ________ (电) but no running water.
2．Hearing the bad news, she ________ (遮盖) her face in her hands and cried.
3．The rescue team were ________ (困住) in the burning building.
4．Although he knew Mary had cancer, the news of her death came as a ________ (震惊的事).
5．The new leader hopes to ________ (统一) the country.
electricity
buried
trapped
shock
unify
Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式
1．A terrible earthquake left the whole town ________ (成为废墟).
2．The party is _____________ (即将结束了) and we are going to leave.
3．John is far ______________ (太小不能旅行) on his own.
4．________________ (看起来好像) he won't arrive on time.
5．_____________________ (三分之二的学生) have taken part in the physical activity.
6．_______________ (无论他去哪里旅行), the manager takes amazing photos of sights.
in ruins
coming to an end
too small to travel
It looks as if/though
Two thirds of the students
Everywhere he travelsSection Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
语篇精读 形成阅读能力
Task 1 框架宏观建构：整体理解
1.What's the main idea of the text
A．A terrible earthquake of Tangshan.
B．Before the earthquake of Tangshan.
C．During the earthquake of Tangshan.
D．Damages of the earthquake of Tangshan.
2．Match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1 ____ A．The earthquake caused unbelievable destruction to Tangshan.
Para.2 ____ B．The earthquake happened and caused deaths and injuries in Tangshan.
Para.3 ____ C．Help came soon after the quakes.
Para.4 ____ D．Strange things happened, but no one paid attention to them.
Para.5 ____ E．Tangshan came back to life again.
[指津] 如何猜测词义
通过上下文猜测词义是学生需要掌握的阅读技能之一，体现了学生的推理和判断能力。
阅读时，利用上下文线索来推测生词的意义，必须要弄明白这些线索，便可猜测词汇含义。
Task 2 文本微观剖析：细节探究
Read the text on Page 50 carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．The title “THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP” means “________”．
A．the earth was awake all night long
B．a terrible earthquake happened that night
C．people on the earth couldn't fall asleep that night
D．animals on the earth couldn't fall asleep that night
2．Why does the author use the figures in Paragraphs 2 and 3
A．To stress the damage levels of the earthquake.
B．To explain the details of the earthquake.
C．To show the speed of the earthquake.
D．To describe the people's helplessness.
3．What's the meaning of the sentence “Slowly, the city began to breathe again.”？
A．People weren't sad any more.
B．The life in Tangshan began to return to normal.
C．The earthquake finally came to an end.
D．Those who were trapped were saved.
4．What is the tone of this text
A．Calm.
B．Pessimistic (悲观的).
C．Serious but hopeful.
D．Heartbroken but cautious (谨慎的).
Task 3 佳句妙笔生辉：续写提能
What rhetorical device does the author use in the following sentences (作者在下面的句子中使用了什么修辞手法？)
(1)Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.____________
(2)It seemed as if the world were coming to an end.____________
(3)Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet.____________
教材认知 掌握知识必背
Ⅰ.基础词准确填写
1．____________ n．& vt. 破坏；毁坏
2．____________ n. 电；电能
3．____________ vt. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套
n. 险境；陷阱
4．____________ vt. 埋葬；安葬
5．____________ n. 努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
6．____________ vi.& vt. 统一；(使)成一体
7．____________ n. 裂纹；裂缝
vi.& vt. (使)破裂
8．context n. ____________
9．percent n. ____________
adj.& adv. ____________
10．brick n. ____________
11．metal n. ____________
Ⅱ.派生词精准变形
1．________ vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过→survivor n．幸存者；生还者→survival n．幸存；生还
2．________ n．死；死亡→die vi.死；死亡→dead adj.死的；无生命的→dying adj.垂死的；临终的
3．________ n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊→shocked adj.震惊的→shocking adj.令人震惊的
4．________ vi.& vt.呼吸→breath n．呼吸
5．________ vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒→revival n．振兴；复苏
6．________ vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n．痛苦；苦难→sufferer n．受苦者
7．________ n．智慧；才智→wise adj.明智的；有智慧的→wisely adv.明智地；有智慧地
Ⅲ.重点短语双向记
1．________________ 似乎；好像；仿佛
2．________________ 严重受损；破败不堪
3．________________ 震惊；吃惊
4．________________ 结束
5．________________ 倒塌
6．________________ 和往常一样
7．dig out ________________
8．the number of ________________
9．get on one's feet ________________
10．tireless efforts ________________
Ⅳ.经典句式要牢记
1．[句型公式]“too...to...”意为“太……而不能……”
[教材原句]Chickens and even pigs were ________________， and dogs refused to go inside buildings.
鸡甚至猪都因为太紧张而吃不下东西，狗拒绝进入建筑物内。
2．[句型公式]as if引导表语从句
[教材原句]________________ the world were coming to an end!
仿佛世界末日即将来临！
3．[句型公式]everywhere引导地点状语从句
[教材原句]________________________， there was nothing but ruins.
幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟。
4．[句型公式]be＋形容词＋ to do
[教材原句]Water, food, and electricity ________________．
水、食物和电都难获得。
学·语言要点知识
重点词汇
1 ruin n．& vt.破坏；毁坏
(1)be/lie in ruins 成为废墟；毁灭
(2)ruin one's hope/health/plan...
毁掉/破坏某人的希望/健康/计划等
[练透] 单句语法填空
①He returned home only to find that his house ________ (ruin) by the flood.
②Heavy smoking ________ (ruin) your health, so you should give up smoking.
[写美] 完成句子
③地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜难眠。
________________________ after the earthquake, which made us awake all night.
2 shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊
(1)a great shock to sb. 对某人来说是极大的震惊
in shock 震惊；吃惊
(2)shocked adj. 震惊的；惊讶的
be shocked at/by 对……吃惊
(3)shocking adj. 令人震惊的
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Jane was shocked ________ (find) that she was lost in the forest and she couldn't help crying.
②When he finally came to himself, he looked at us ________ shock, knowing nothing about the accident.
③Hearing the story her mom told her, she wore a ________ (shock) expression.
[写美] 完成句子
④令我非常吃惊的是，当我重游体育馆时，回忆涌上了心头。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
________________， memory flooded back when I visited the stadium once again.
[助记] We were all shocked at the shocking news that he was still in a state of shock after the accident.
3 bury vt.埋葬；安葬；使专心
(1)be buried under/in... 被埋在……
bury one's face/head in one's hands
双手掩面/捂头
(2) 埋头于/专心于……
[练透] 单句语法填空
①________ (bury) in his study, he didn't notice that his classmates had left.
②Nowadays family members are often found ________ (bury) in their own smartphones.
[写美] 句式升级
She was buried in her study. At the end of the term she made great progress.
③→________________________， she made great progress at the end of the term.
④→________________________， she made great progress at the end of the term.
[指津] bury常用过去分词作状语。
4 effort n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
with effort 费力地
make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事
spare no effort(s) (to do sth.) 不遗余力(做某事)
[写美] 完成句子
①我将尽全力帮助处在困境中的那些同学。
I will ________________ those students who are in trouble.
②政府决心不遗余力为无家可归者修建收容所。
The government is determined to ________________________________ homeless people.
③在共同的努力下，我相信我们一定会让世界变得更美好。
________________， I believe that we are sure to make the world a better place.
[指津] 记得“try one's best to do sth.”的高频词为“spare no efforts to do sth.”哟！
5 suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
(1)suffer from... 患……病；因……而受苦
(2)suffer losses/pains 遭受损失/痛苦
(3)sufferings n. 苦难，痛苦
sufferer n. 受难者
[练透] 单句语法填空
①A lot of money has been collected to help those ________ (suffer) from the floods.
②She received many letters of support from some cancer ________ (suffer).
③The survivor never talked about his ________ (suffer) in the disaster.
[写美] 完成句子
④很明显，我们的地球正在遭受严重的破坏。
It is obvious that our earth is ________________________．
经典句式
1 句型公式：“too...to...”意为“太……而不能……”
(1)“too＋adj./adv.＋(for sb.) to do sth.”意为“(对某人来说)太……而不能做某事”， 表示否定意义；
(2)“too＋glad/pleased/willing/delighted/anxious＋to do sth.” 表示肯定意义。
【教材P50】 Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings.
鸡甚至猪都因为太紧张而吃不下东西，狗拒绝进入建筑物内。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①The problem is too difficult for me ________ (settle).
②I am ________ pleased to help you with your homework.
[写美] 句型转换
③I was so young that I couldn't understand the meaning of the film.
→__________________________________________________________
2 句型公式：as if引导表语从句
【教材P50】 It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！看起来仿佛世界末日即将来临！
[练透] 单句语法填空
①The captain treats me as if I ________ (be) his own daughter.
②Tom and his new friend talked as though they ________ (be) friends for years.
③He opened his mouth as if he ________ (say) something.
[写美] 完成句子
④好像你真对中国文化感兴趣，因此我建议你申请北京大学，中国最好的大学之一。(应用文之推荐信)
________________________________________ Chinese culture. So I recommend you to apply for Peking University，one of the best universities in China.
用·中频词汇句式
1 trap vt.使陷入困境；使陷入圈套 n．陷阱；险境
(1)be trapped in 困在……中；陷在……中
(2)trap sb. into (doing) sth. 诱使某人(做)某事
[练透] 单句语法填空
①He trapped me ________ cheating in the important examination.
②The rescue team ________ (trap) in the burning building.
2 breathe vi.& vt.呼吸
breathe in/out 吸气/呼气
breath n. 呼气；呼吸
breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的[练透] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The morning air in the quiet village is good ________ (breath).
②深深吸口气，我告诉你时再呼气。
Take a deep breath and then ________________ when I tell you to.
3 come to an end结束；终结
at the end of 在……末端
by the end of 到……末为止(用于完成时)
in the end 最后；终于
put an end to... 结束……
[练透] 完成句子/单句语法填空
①这场战争快要结束了，所以每个人都变得对生活更乐观了。
The war was ________________， so everyone became more positive about life.
②By the end of last month, the athlete ________ (win) five medals.
4 句型公式：主语＋be＋adj.＋to do
【教材P50】 Water, food and electricity were hard to get.水、食物和电很难获得。
[练透] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Today's homework was easy ________ (do), so Mike finished it quickly and went out to play.
②据我所知，这个老板很难相处。
As far as I know, the boss ________________________．
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．We moved into a small room with ________ (电) but no running water.
2．Hearing the bad news, she ________ (遮盖) her face in her hands and cried.
3．The rescue team were ________ (困住) in the burning building.
4．Although he knew Mary had cancer, the news of her death came as a ________ (震惊的事).
5．The new leader hopes to ________ (统一) the country.
Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式
1．A terrible earthquake left the whole town ________________ (成为废墟).
2．The party is ________________ (即将结束了) and we are going to leave.
3．John is far ________________ (太小不能旅行) on his own.
4．________________ (看起来好像) he won't arrive on time.
5．________________________ (三分之二的学生) have taken part in the physical activity.
6．________________________ (无论他去哪里旅行), the manager takes amazing photos of sights.
Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
预学案
语篇精读 形成阅读能力
Task 1
1．A
2．DBACE
Task 2
1．B 2.A 3.B 4.C
Task 3
(1)明喻 (2)夸张 (3)拟人
教材认知 掌握知识必背
Ⅰ.基础词准确填写
1．ruin 2.electricity 3.trap 4.bury 5.effort 6.unify 7.crack 8.上下文；语境；背景 9.百分之…… 每一百中 10.砖；砖块 11.金属
Ⅱ.派生词精准变形
1．survive 2.death 3.shock 4.breathe 5.revive 6.suffer
7．wisdom
Ⅲ.重点短语双向记
1．as if 2.in ruins 3.in shock 4.come to an end
5．fall down 6.as usual 7.挖出 8.……的数量 9.站起来
10．不懈的努力
Ⅳ.经典句式要牢记
1．too nervous to eat 2.It seemed as if 3.Everywhere survivors looked 4.were hard to get
研学案
学· 语言要点知识
? 重点词汇 ?
1．①had been ruined ②ruins ③The whole city lay in ruins
2．①to find ②in ③shocked ④Much to my shock
3．①Buried ②buried ③Buried in her study ④Burying herself in her study
4．①make every effort to help ②spare no effort(s) to build shelters for ③With joint efforts
5．①suffering ②sufferers ③suffering(s) ④suffering serious damage
? 经典句式 ?
1．①to settle ②too ③I was too young to understand the meaning of the film.
2．①were ②had been ③would say ④It seems as if you are really interested in
用·中频词汇句式
1．①into ②were trapped
2．①to breathe ②breathe out
3．①coming to an end ②had won
4．①to do ②is difficult to get along with
练· 课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．electricity 2.buried 3.trapped 4.shock 5.unify
Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式
1．in ruins 2.coming to an end 3.too small to travel
4．It looks as if/though 5.Two thirds of the students
6．Everywhere he travels(共21张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
——限制性定语从句(1)
观察下列句子并思考黑体部分的功能
1．There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.
2．Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.
3．The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400，000.
4．Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
5．Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
自我感悟
限制性定语从句的功能：修饰或限定主句中的某个__________ (先行词)。
名词或代词
探·语法课堂学习
一、定义
在复合句中，修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫作定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句，并在从句中充当一定的句子成分。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种，关系代词有that、 which、 who、 whom、 whose、 as等；关系副词有when、 where、 why等。
①The children who were injured in a car accident are being treated in the hospital now.
在车祸中受伤的孩子们现在正在医院接受治疗。
②This is the best film (that) I have ever seen for years.这是几年来我看过的最好的一部电影。
③China is a country which has a long history.
中国是一个历史悠久的国家。
上面例句中的children、 film和country都是被定语从句修饰的词，叫作先行词；其后的黑体部分是定语从句，其中who、 that和which叫作关系代词。
二、关系代词的基本用法
1．who指人，可以在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
①The number of people who were killed in the disaster was over 100.
在那次灾难中丧生的人数超过了100人。(作主语)
②The man (who/whom/that) we are talking about is an expert in IT.
我们正谈论的那个人是位信息技术专家。(作宾语)
2．whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，或用作从句中介词的宾语，介词可位于whom之前，也可以位于句末。
①I'd really like to find a friend whom I can trust completely.
我真的很想找一个可以完全信任的朋友。(作宾语)
②There are many people with whom you can share your feelings.
有很多人，可以和你分享你的感受。(作宾语)
3．whose既可以指人，也可以指物，表示所属关系，whose在定语从句中作定语，常与它所修饰的名词一起出现在从句的句首。
①This is the person whose story surprises everybody.
就是这个人的故事让所有人感到吃惊。(修饰人)
②He lives in a house whose garden is attractive.
他住在一个有着美丽的花园的房子里。(修饰物)
[即学即练1] 用适当的关系代词填空
①The girl ________ graduated from Cambridge University is positive about her future.
②A doctor ________ my father worked with last year has gone abroad.
③Any student ________ family is too poor to let him go to school can get help from the government.
who
whom
whose
4．which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，或在从句中作介词的宾语。先行词为表示事物或动物的名词或表示职业的名词。
①Everywhere I saw, there were buildings which had been destroyed by the earthquake.
我看到到处都是被地震毁掉的建筑。(作主语)
②The gold medal (which) she won has been given to her old school.
她获得的那块金牌已经被送给她的母校了。(作宾语)
③This is the house in which I once lived.
这是我曾经住过的房子。(作介词in的宾语)
5．that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。习惯上指人多用who、 whom，指物多用which。
①Yesterday I read an article that/which was about natural disasters.昨天我读到一篇关于自然灾害的文章。(指物， 作主语)
②Do you know the girl that/who is talking with our teacher？你认识正和我们老师说话的那个女孩吗？(指人， 作主语)
③The woman (that/who/whom) I read about in the newspaper has just won a gold medal.
我在报纸上读到的那位女士刚刚赢得一枚金牌。(指人， 作宾语)
[温馨提示] (1)关系代词指代先行词，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或定语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。
[误] The film (that/which) we saw it last night is very frightening.
[正] The film (that/which) we saw last night is very frightening.
(2)关系代词在从句中作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可以省略。
①The young man was very happy to recover the gold ring (which) he had lost.
那个年轻人找到了丢失的金戒指，非常高兴。
②Is this the ship which is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow
这是明天开往上海的船吗？
[即学即练2] 用适当的关系代词填空
①Look, here are some people ____________ I want you to meet.
②Do you still remember the chicken farm ________ we visited three months ago
③The picture ________ was about the accident was terrible.
who/whom/that
that/which
which/that
三、关系词只用that而不用which的情况
1．当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词或最高级时
The first thing that you should do is to call the police at once.
你应该做的第一件事就是马上报警。
This is the most delicious food that I have ever had.
这是我吃过的最美味的食物。
2．当先行词是all, any, little, few, much, everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代词或被不定代词修饰时
All that can be done has been done.
一切能做的都已经做了。
3．当先行词被the only, the very, the last等修饰时
The only thing that I could do is to study for my goal. 我唯一能做的就是为我的目标而学习。
This is the very novel that I have been searching for.这就是我一直寻找的那本小说。
4．当先行词既包括人又包括物时
She took photos of the persons and things that she was interested in.
她把她感兴趣的人和物都拍摄下来了。
5．关系代词在限制性定语从句中作表语时
Our school is no longer the school that it used to be.我们的学校不再是以前的样子了。
[即学即练3] 用适当的关系代词填空
①This is the most beautiful park ________ I have visited.
②They are talking about the school and the teachers ________ they visited yesterday.
③This is the very hotel ________ I stayed at when I was travelling here.
④We often talk about the persons and things ________ we remember.
that
that
that
that
学·语言要点知识
1 supply n．供应(量)；补给；[pl.] 补给品 vt.供应；供给
(1)supply sth. to sb.＝supply sb. with sth. 向某人提供某物
(2)be in short supply 短缺
a large supply of/large supplies of 大量的供应
[练透] 单句语法填空
①The natural resources, such as coal and oil, are ________ short supply in this country.
②At the beginning of the term, students __________ (supply) with all kinds of books to read.
in
are supplied
[写美] 一句多译
在可怕的地震之后，我们给无家可归的人提供食物和衣服。(supply)
③After the terrible earthquake,we ____________________ the homeless.
④After the terrible earthquake, we ____________________ food and clothes.
[指津] 其他表示“为某人提供某物”的短语
①provide sb. with sth.＝provide sth. for sb.
②offer sb. sth.＝offer sth. to sb.
supplied food and clothes to
supplied the homeless with
2 survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过
(1)survive sth. 幸免于；从……中挺过来/活过来
survive from... 从……留存下来
survive sb. by... 比某人多活……
survive on... 依靠……生存
(2)survivor n. 幸存者
survival n. [U]幸存； 生存
[练透] 单句语法填空
①________ (survive) an earthquake, you need to prepare some water on hand.
②The old lady has survived all her sisters and brothers ________ ten years.
③One of the ________ (survive) of the car crash was very calm and he helped other 3 passengers out of danger.
[写美] 完成句子
④有些传统的风俗是从早期遗留下来的。
Some traditional customs ________________________．
To survive
by
survivors
have survived from earlier times
3 power n．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力；有影响力的大国 vt.提供动力，驱动
(1)have the power to do sth. 有能力做某事
come to power 上台；执政(动作)
be in power 执政；掌权(状态)
(2)beyond one's power 超出某人的能力
do everything in one's power 竭尽全力
(3)powerful adj. 强有力的
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Though he has been ________ power for two years, he hasn't found an effective solution to the country's economic problems.
②Being a ________ (power) person, he has the power ________ (deal) with all kinds of problems.
[写美] 完成句子
③作为你最亲密的朋友，我会尽我所能帮助你。
As your closest friend, I will _____________________________．
[小词汇·大文化] As a saying goes, knowledge is power．俗话说， 知识就是力量。
in
powerful
to deal
do everything in my power to help you
练·课堂5分钟夯基
用适当的关系代词填空
1．This is the very hotel ________ I stayed at when I was travelling here.
2．He is a man from ________ we are all ready to learn.
3．It is the most amazing building ________ Daming has seen ever since he came here.
4．We are going to learn some Chinese poems ________ were written in the Tang Dynasty.
that
whom
that
that/which
5．She is one of the girls ________ have passed the exam.
6．I talked with the man ________ house was destroyed in the flood.
7．My father bought a new bike for me ________ price added up to more than 1，000 yuan.
8．Anyone ________ has helped to rescue the drowning girl is worth praising.
who/that
whose
whose
whoSection Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures——限制性定语从句(1)
观察下列句子并思考黑体部分的功能
1．There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.
2．Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.
3．The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400，000.
4．Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
5．Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
自我感悟
限制性定语从句的功能：修饰或限定主句中的某个____________ (先行词)。
探·语法课堂学习
一、定义
在复合句中，修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫作定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句，并在从句中充当一定的句子成分。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种，关系代词有that、 which、 who、 whom、 whose、 as等；关系副词有when、 where、 why等。
①The children who were injured in a car accident are being treated in the hospital now.
在车祸中受伤的孩子们现在正在医院接受治疗。
②This is the best film (that) I have ever seen for years.这是几年来我看过的最好的一部电影。
③China is a country which has a long history.
中国是一个历史悠久的国家。
上面例句中的children、 film和country都是被定语从句修饰的词，叫作先行词；其后的黑体部分是定语从句，其中who、 that和which叫作关系代词。
二、关系代词的基本用法
1．who指人，可以在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
①The number of people who were killed in the disaster was over 100.
在那次灾难中丧生的人数超过了100人。(作主语)
②The man (who/whom/that) we are talking about is an expert in IT.
我们正谈论的那个人是位信息技术专家。(作宾语)
2．whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，或用作从句中介词的宾语，介词可位于whom之前，也可以位于句末。
①I'd really like to find a friend whom I can trust completely.
我真的很想找一个可以完全信任的朋友。(作宾语)
②There are many people with whom you can share your feelings.
有很多人，可以和你分享你的感受。(作宾语)
3．whose既可以指人，也可以指物，表示所属关系，whose在定语从句中作定语，常与它所修饰的名词一起出现在从句的句首。
①This is the person whose story surprises everybody.
就是这个人的故事让所有人感到吃惊。(修饰人)
②He lives in a house whose garden is attractive.
他住在一个有着美丽的花园的房子里。(修饰物)
[即学即练1] 用适当的关系代词填空
①The girl ________ graduated from Cambridge University is positive about her future.
②A doctor ________ my father worked with last year has gone abroad.
③Any student ________ family is too poor to let him go to school can get help from the government.
4．which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，或在从句中作介词的宾语。先行词为表示事物或动物的名词或表示职业的名词。
①Everywhere I saw, there were buildings which had been destroyed by the earthquake.
我看到到处都是被地震毁掉的建筑。(作主语)
②The gold medal (which) she won has been given to her old school.
她获得的那块金牌已经被送给她的母校了。(作宾语)
③This is the house in which I once lived.
这是我曾经住过的房子。(作介词in的宾语)
5．that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。习惯上指人多用who、 whom，指物多用which。
①Yesterday I read an article that/which was about natural disasters.昨天我读到一篇关于自然灾害的文章。(指物， 作主语)
②Do you know the girl that/who is talking with our teacher？你认识正和我们老师说话的那个女孩吗？(指人， 作主语)
③The woman (that/who/whom) I read about in the newspaper has just won a gold medal.
我在报纸上读到的那位女士刚刚赢得一枚金牌。(指人， 作宾语)
[温馨提示] (1)关系代词指代先行词，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或定语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。
[误] The film (that/which) we saw it last night is very frightening.
[正] The film (that/which) we saw last night is very frightening.
(2)关系代词在从句中作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可以省略。
①The young man was very happy to recover the gold ring (which) he had lost.
那个年轻人找到了丢失的金戒指，非常高兴。
②Is this the ship which is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow
这是明天开往上海的船吗？
[即学即练2] 用适当的关系代词填空
①Look, here are some people ________ I want you to meet.
②Do you still remember the chicken farm ________ we visited three months ago
③The picture ________ was about the accident was terrible.
三、关系词只用that而不用which的情况
1．当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词或最高级时
The first thing that you should do is to call the police at once.
你应该做的第一件事就是马上报警。
This is the most delicious food that I have ever had.
这是我吃过的最美味的食物。
2．当先行词是all, any, little, few, much, everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代词或被不定代词修饰时
All that can be done has been done.
一切能做的都已经做了。
3．当先行词被the only, the very, the last等修饰时
The only thing that I could do is to study for my goal. 我唯一能做的就是为我的目标而学习。
This is the very novel that I have been searching for.这就是我一直寻找的那本小说。
4．当先行词既包括人又包括物时
She took photos of the persons and things that she was interested in.
她把她感兴趣的人和物都拍摄下来了。
5．关系代词在限制性定语从句中作表语时
Our school is no longer the school that it used to be.我们的学校不再是以前的样子了。
[即学即练3] 用适当的关系代词填空
①This is the most beautiful park ________ I have visited.
②They are talking about the school and the teachers ________ they visited yesterday.
③This is the very hotel ________ I stayed at when I was travelling here.
④We often talk about the persons and things ________ we remember.
学·语言要点知识
1 supply n．供应(量)；补给；[pl.] 补给品 vt.供应；供给
(1)supply sth. to sb.＝supply sb. with sth. 向某人提供某物
(2)be in short supply 短缺
a large supply of/large supplies of 大量的供应
[练透] 单句语法填空
①The natural resources, such as coal and oil, are ________ short supply in this country.
②At the beginning of the term, students ________ (supply) with all kinds of books to read.
[写美] 一句多译
在可怕的地震之后，我们给无家可归的人提供食物和衣服。(supply)
③After the terrible earthquake, we ________________________ the homeless.
④After the terrible earthquake, we ________________________ food and clothes.
[指津] 其他表示“为某人提供某物”的短语
①provide sb. with sth.＝provide sth. for sb.
②offer sb. sth.＝offer sth. to sb.
2 survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过
(1)survive sth. 幸免于；从……中挺过来/活过来
survive from... 从……留存下来
survive sb. by... 比某人多活……
survive on... 依靠……生存
(2)survivor n. 幸存者
survival n. [U]幸存； 生存
[练透] 单句语法填空
①________ (survive) an earthquake, you need to prepare some water on hand.
②The old lady has survived all her sisters and brothers ________ ten years.
③One of the ________ (survive) of the car crash was very calm and he helped other 3 passengers out of danger.
[写美] 完成句子
④有些传统的风俗是从早期遗留下来的。
Some traditional customs ________________________．
3 power n．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力；有影响力的大国 vt.提供动力，驱动
(1)have the power to do sth. 有能力做某事
come to power 上台；执政(动作)
be in power 执政；掌权(状态)
(2)beyond one's power 超出某人的能力
do everything in one's power 竭尽全力
(3)powerful adj. 强有力的
[练透] 单句语法填空
①Though he has been ________ power for two years, he hasn't found an effective solution to the country's economic problems.
②Being a ________ (power) person, he has the power ________ (deal) with all kinds of problems.
[写美] 完成句子
③作为你最亲密的朋友，我会尽我所能帮助你。
As your closest friend, I will __________________________________．
[小词汇·大文化] As a saying goes, knowledge is power．俗话说， 知识就是力量。
练·课堂5分钟夯基
用适当的关系代词填空
1．This is the very hotel ________ I stayed at when I was travelling here.
2．He is a man from ________ we are all ready to learn.
3．It is the most amazing building ________ Daming has seen ever since he came here.
4．We are going to learn some Chinese poems ________ were written in the Tang Dynasty.
5．She is one of the girls ________ have passed the exam.
6．I talked with the man ________ house was destroyed in the flood.
7．My father bought a new bike for me ________ price added up to more than 1，000 yuan.
8．Anyone ________ has helped to rescue the drowning girl is worth praising.
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures——限制性定语从句(1)
自我感悟
名词或代词
研学案
探·语法课堂学习
[即学即练1] ①who ②whom ③whose
[即学即练2] ①who/whom/that ②that/which
③which/that
[即学即练3] ①that ②that ③that ④that
学· 语言要点知识
1．①in ②are supplied ③supplied food and clothes to ④supplied the homeless with
2．①To survive ②by ③survivors ④have survived from earlier times
3．①in ②powerful; to deal ③do everything in my power to help you
练·课堂5分钟夯基
用适当的关系代词填空
1．that 2.whom 3.that 4.that/which 5.who/that
6．whose 7.whose 8.who(共29张PPT)
Section Ⅳ Reading for Writing
语篇精读 形成阅读能力
Task 1 文本微观剖析：细节探究
Read the text and then choose the best answer to each question.
1．Where can this passage most probably be seen
A．A monthly magazine.
B．A daily newspaper.
C．A travel brochure.
D．A government website.
B
2．When did the tsunami happen
A．At 7：00 am，27 December 2004.
B．At 7：00 pm，27 December 2004.
C．At 7：00 am，26 December 2004.
D．At 7：00 pm，26 December 2004.
C
3．What caused the tsunami
A．A drought. B．A flood.
C．A volcanic eruption. D．An earthquake.
D
4．Why would it be difficult to deliver food and supplies to the tsunami-hit countries
A．There were no enough trucks.
B．It was still raining heavily.
C．The people in these areas were not willing to accept these food and supplies.
D．The roads to these areas were blocked.
D
Task 2 佳句妙笔生辉：应用文提能
掌握下列表达灾害导致破坏的句子
1．Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves.
2．The number of deaths stood at 2，498, and one million more were affected by the tsunami.
3．Thousands of people are still missing, and the number of deaths is expected to grow even higher over the next few days.
教材认知 掌握知识必背
Ⅰ.基础词准确填写
1．____________ n. 供应(量)；补给；
[pl.] 补给品
vt. 供应；供给
2．____________ vi. 吹口哨；发出笛声
vt. 吹口哨
n. 哨子(声)；呼啸声
3．____________ n. 突发事件；紧急情况
supply
whistle
emergency
4．____________ adj. 镇静的；沉着的
vt. 使平静；使镇静
5．____________ n. 援助；帮助；救援物资
vi.& vt. (formal)帮助；援助
6．____________ vt.& vi. 碰撞；撞击
n. 撞车；碰撞
7．____________ vt.& vi. (swept，swept)打扫；清扫
8．____________ n. 海浪；波浪
vi.& vt. 挥手；招手
calm
aid
crash
sweep
wave
9．__________ vi.& vt. (struck，struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打
n. 罢工；罢课；袭击
10．typhoon n. ____________
11．hurricane n. ____________
12．pipe n. ____________
13．kit n. ____________
14．summary n. ____________
strike
台风
(尤指西大西洋的)飓风
管子；管道
成套工具；成套设备
总结；概括；概要
Ⅱ.派生词精准变形
1．________ n. 电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→powerful adj. 强大的；强有力的→powerless adj. 无力的；没有能力的；无权力的
2．________ vi.& vt. (火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→eruption n. 爆发
3．________ vt.& vi. 递送；传达 vt.发表→delivery n．递送；传达
4．________ n. 影响；结果；效果→effective adj. 有效的
5．________ n．长；长度→long adj.长的→lengthen vt. 加长
power
erupt
deliver
effect
length
Ⅲ.重点短语双向记
1．_____________ 露天； 在户外
2．_____________ 急救箱
3．_____________ 现有(尤指帮助)
4．_____________ 消灭； 彻底消除
5．put up _____________
6. at least _____________
7. stay away from _____________
8. make sure _____________
9. in danger _____________
10. first of all _____________
in the open air
first aid kit
on hand
sweep away
搭起
至少
远离
确保
处于危险中
首先
Ⅳ.经典句式要牢记
1．[句型公式]be doing sth. when...正在做某事，这时……
[教材原句]I _____________________________________ water started filling my home.
我和三个孩子正在吃早饭， 这时水开始灌进屋内。
2．[句型公式]the number of ＋名词复数作主语，谓语动词用单数形式
[教材原句]Thousands of people are still missing, and _________________ ___________ grow even higher over the next few days.
仍有成千上万人失踪， 预计未来几天死亡人数还将增加。
3．[句型公式]make＋it＋形容词/名词(宾语补足语)＋to do/that从句
[教材原句] However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will _________________________________．
然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。
was having breakfast with my three children when
the number of deaths
is expected to
make it difficult to deliver food and supplies
学·语言要点知识
重点词汇
1 calm adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静
(1)calm down 平静下来
calm sb. down 使某人平静下来；使某人镇定下来
(2)keep/stay calm 保持镇静
[练透] 单句语法填空
①When he is anxious, he often breathes deeply to calm ________．
②When he was trapped in the flood, he gave his wife a call ________ (calm).
[写美] 完成句子
③让你自己平静下来，没有必要为此事伤心。
________________， there is no need to feel sad about it.
down
calmly
Calm yourself down
2 aid n．援助；帮助；救援物资 vi.& vt.(formal)帮助；援助
(1)with the aid of sb. 在某人的帮助下
(1) 帮助某人做某事
[练透] 单句语法填空/补全句子
①I'd be very grateful if you could aid me ________ my English.
②He is so kind a boy that he often aids his mother ________ (clean) the house.
③I couldn't speak French but a kind man _____________(帮助了我).
[写美] 完成句子
④在我的英语老师的帮助下，我这学期取得了很大的进步。
_____________________________， I have made great progress this term.
with
to clean
came to my aid
With the aid/help of my English teacher
[图形记忆]
give first aid
3 wave n．海浪；波浪 vi.& vt.挥手；招手
(1)wave goodbye to sb. 向某人挥手告别
(2)a wave of 一波……；一阵……
[写美] 完成句子
①当我进入体育场时，一些运动员向我热情地挥手。
When I entered the stadium, some athletes _________________．
②一阵恐惧席卷了我，我一句话也说不出来。
____________ swept over me and I couldn't speak any word.
③我热泪盈眶，向妈妈挥手告别。
I ______________________，with tears welling up in my eyes.
waved at me warmly
A wave of fear
waved goodbye to my mother
[助记]
wave goodbye to sb.
[练透] 写出下列句中strike的词性及含义
①A terrible earthquake struck the northern part of Peru on 26 May 2019.________
②A good idea struck me when I was reading the newspaper.________
③They were on strike for higher pays.________
④The visitors were struck by the beauty of the West Lake.________
⑤His competitor struck him on the head，making him badly injured.________
[写美] 完成句子
⑥我突然想起我可以在体育馆和其他运动员一起锻炼。
________________ I can work out with other athletes in the stadium.
vt.侵袭
vt.突然想到
n.罢工
vt.打动，迷住
vt.击打
It strikes/hits me that
5 deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表
(1)deliver sth. to sb. 把某物递送给某人
deliver free of charge 免费送达
(2)deliver a speech/lecture 发表演说
(3)delivery n. 递送； 交付
[练透] 单句语法填空
①The volunteers made every effort to deliver the medicines ________ the disaster area in time.
②The supermarket offers customers a free home ________ (deliver) service.
[写美] 完成句子
③我很荣幸为大家做一个题为《携手共进，共创未来》的演讲。
_________________________________ titled “Together for a shared future”．
to
delivery
It is a great honour for me to deliver a speech
6 effect n．影响；结果；效果
(1)have an effect on/upon 对……产生影响
come into effect 生效
side effect 副作用
(2)effective adj. 有效的；有影响的
[练透] 单句语法填空
①The measures taken by the local government will come ________ effect next month.
②In order to find more _______ (effect) ways to protect the environment, we called on the government to put the law ________ effect.
[写美] 完成句子
③不可否认，读书会对儿童有良好的影响。
There is no doubt that reading books can _______________________．
into
effective
into
have a good effect on the children
经典句式
1 句型公式：be doing sth. when...正在做某事，这时……
when在本句中用作并列连词，表示“正在那时；这时”，常用句型还有：
be about to do sth. when... 正要做某事，这时……
had just done sth. when... 刚做过某事，这时……
【教材P54】 I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.
我和三个孩子正在吃早饭，这时海水开始灌入屋内。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①I had just finished my homework ________ the phone rang.
②The children __________ (play) football on the playground when it began to rain.
[写美] 完成句子
③他刚要放弃这时他被救援人员发现了。
He ____________________ he was found by rescue workers.
when
were playing
was about to give up when
2 句型公式：make＋it＋形容词/名词(宾语补足语)＋to do/that从句
“make＋it＋形容词/名词(宾语补足语)＋动词不定式/that从句”中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面的动词不定式或that从句。find、 feel、 think、 take等动词也有这样的用法。
【教材P54】 However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。
[写美] 完成句子
①我必须表明，我会全力以赴赢得奖牌。
I must ______________ I will make every effort to win the medal.
②你会发现做你感兴趣的事情很有帮助。
You'll ___________________ what you are interested in.
make it clear that
find it quite helpful to do
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．At the moment, we heard a huge ________ (撞击声) and then silence.
2．This book will be ________ (运送) to your house for free.
3．The dustman ________ (打扫) up all the fallen leaves on this street from 6 to 8 that morning.
4．The man ________ (挥手) until they were out of sight.
5．Would you like to give me a ________ (概括) of the report
crash
delivered
swept
waved
summary
Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式
1．In time of great danger, it's important ______________ (保持镇静).
2．Those survivors had to sleep ____________ (露天) as all houses had been destroyed.
3．To survive an earthquake, you need to prepare some water ________ (现有).
4．What you said at the meeting _______________________ (对我们的将来有很大影响).
5．You should _____________ (远离) big trees and buildings in an earthquake.
to keep/stay calm
in the open air
on hand
had a great effect on our future
stay away fromSection Ⅳ Reading for Writing
语篇精读 形成阅读能力
Task 1 文本微观剖析：细节探究
Read the text and then choose the best answer to each question.
1．Where can this passage most probably be seen
A．A monthly magazine.
B．A daily newspaper.
C．A travel brochure.
D．A government website.
2．When did the tsunami happen
A．At 7：00 am，27 December 2004.
B．At 7：00 pm，27 December 2004.
C．At 7：00 am，26 December 2004.
D．At 7：00 pm，26 December 2004.
3．What caused the tsunami
A．A drought. B．A flood.
C．A volcanic eruption. D．An earthquake.
4．Why would it be difficult to deliver food and supplies to the tsunami-hit countries
A．There were no enough trucks.
B．It was still raining heavily.
C．The people in these areas were not willing to accept these food and supplies.
D．The roads to these areas were blocked.
Task 2 佳句妙笔生辉：应用文提能
掌握下列表达灾害导致破坏的句子
1．Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves.
2．The number of deaths stood at 2，498, and one million more were affected by the tsunami.
3．Thousands of people are still missing, and the number of deaths is expected to grow even higher over the next few days.
教材认知 掌握知识必背
Ⅰ.基础词准确填写
1．____________ n. 供应(量)；补给；
[pl.] 补给品
vt. 供应；供给
2．____________ vi. 吹口哨；发出笛声
vt. 吹口哨
n. 哨子(声)；呼啸声
3．____________ n. 突发事件；紧急情况
4．____________ adj. 镇静的；沉着的
vt. 使平静；使镇静
5．____________ n. 援助；帮助；救援物资
vi.& vt. (formal)帮助；援助
6．____________ vt.& vi. 碰撞；撞击
n. 撞车；碰撞
7．____________ vt.& vi. (swept，swept)打扫；清扫
8．____________ n. 海浪；波浪
vi.& vt. 挥手；招手
9．____________ vi.& vt. (struck，struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打
n. 罢工；罢课；袭击
10．typhoon n. ____________
11．hurricane n. ____________
12．pipe n. ____________
13．kit n. ____________
14．summary n. ____________
Ⅱ.派生词精准变形
1．________ n. 电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→powerful adj. 强大的；强有力的→powerless adj. 无力的；没有能力的；无权力的
2．________ vi.& vt. (火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→eruption n. 爆发
3．________ vt.& vi. 递送；传达 vt.发表→delivery n．递送；传达
4．________ n. 影响；结果；效果→effective adj. 有效的
5．________ n．长；长度→long adj.长的→lengthen vt. 加长
Ⅲ.重点短语双向记
1．________________ 露天； 在户外
2．________________ 急救箱
3．________________ 现有(尤指帮助)
4．________________ 消灭； 彻底消除
5．put up ________________
6. at least ________________
7. stay away from ________________
8. make sure ________________
9. in danger ________________
10. first of all ________________
Ⅳ.经典句式要牢记
1．[句型公式]be doing sth. when...正在做某事，这时……
[教材原句]I ________________________________________ water started filling my home.
我和三个孩子正在吃早饭， 这时水开始灌进屋内。
2．[句型公式]the number of ＋名词复数作主语，谓语动词用单数形式
[教材原句]Thousands of people are still missing, and ______________________________________ grow even higher over the next few days.
仍有成千上万人失踪， 预计未来几天死亡人数还将增加。
3．[句型公式]make＋it＋形容词/名词(宾语补足语)＋to do/that从句
[教材原句] However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will ________________________________________．
然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。
学·语言要点知识
重点词汇
1 calm adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静
(1)calm down 平静下来
calm sb. down 使某人平静下来；使某人镇定下来
(2)keep/stay calm 保持镇静
[练透] 单句语法填空
①When he is anxious, he often breathes deeply to calm ________．
②When he was trapped in the flood, he gave his wife a call ________ (calm).
[写美] 完成句子
③让你自己平静下来，没有必要为此事伤心。
________________， there is no need to feel sad about it.
2 aid n．援助；帮助；救援物资 vi.& vt.(formal)帮助；援助
(1)with the aid of sb. 在某人的帮助下
(1) 帮助某人做某事
[练透] 单句语法填空/补全句子
①I'd be very grateful if you could aid me ________ my English.
②He is so kind a boy that he often aids his mother ________ (clean) the house.
③I couldn't speak French but a kind man ______________(帮助了我).
[写美] 完成句子
④在我的英语老师的帮助下，我这学期取得了很大的进步。
________________________________________， I have made great progress this term.
[图形记忆]
give first aid
3 wave n．海浪；波浪 vi.& vt.挥手；招手
(1)wave goodbye to sb. 向某人挥手告别
(2)a wave of 一波……；一阵……
[写美] 完成句子
①当我进入体育场时，一些运动员向我热情地挥手。
When I entered the stadium, some athletes ________________________．
②一阵恐惧席卷了我，我一句话也说不出来。
____________________________ swept over me and I couldn't speak any word.
③我热泪盈眶，向妈妈挥手告别。
I ________________________________， with tears welling up in my eyes.
[助记]
wave goodbye to sb.
4 strike vi.& vt.侵袭；突击；击打；突然想到 n．罢工；罢课；袭击
(1)be struck by 被……打动
某人突然想到……
(2)be/go on strike 举行罢工[练透] 写出下列句中strike的词性及含义
①A terrible earthquake struck the northern part of Peru on 26 May 2019.________
②A good idea struck me when I was reading the newspaper.________
③They were on strike for higher pays.________
④The visitors were struck by the beauty of the West Lake.________
⑤His competitor struck him on the head，making him badly injured.________
[写美] 完成句子
⑥我突然想起我可以在体育馆和其他运动员一起锻炼。
________________________ I can work out with other athletes in the stadium.
5 deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表
(1)deliver sth. to sb. 把某物递送给某人
deliver free of charge 免费送达
(2)deliver a speech/lecture 发表演说
(3)delivery n. 递送； 交付
[练透] 单句语法填空
①The volunteers made every effort to deliver the medicines ________ the disaster area in time.
②The supermarket offers customers a free home ________ (deliver) service.
[写美] 完成句子
③我很荣幸为大家做一个题为《携手共进，共创未来》的演讲。
________________________________________________ titled “Together for a shared future”．
6 effect n．影响；结果；效果
(1)have an effect on/upon 对……产生影响
come into effect 生效
side effect 副作用
(2)effective adj. 有效的；有影响的
[练透] 单句语法填空
①The measures taken by the local government will come ________ effect next month.
②In order to find more ________ (effect) ways to protect the environment, we called on the government to put the law ________ effect.
[写美] 完成句子
③不可否认，读书会对儿童有良好的影响。
There is no doubt that reading books can ________________________________．
经典句式
1 句型公式：be doing sth. when...正在做某事，这时……
when在本句中用作并列连词，表示“正在那时；这时”，常用句型还有：
be about to do sth. when... 正要做某事，这时……
had just done sth. when... 刚做过某事，这时……
【教材P54】 I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.
我和三个孩子正在吃早饭，这时海水开始灌入屋内。
[练透] 单句语法填空
①I had just finished my homework ________ the phone rang.
②The children ________ (play) football on the playground when it began to rain.
[写美] 完成句子
③他刚要放弃这时他被救援人员发现了。
He ________________________________ he was found by rescue workers.
2 句型公式：make＋it＋形容词/名词(宾语补足语)＋to do/that从句
“make＋it＋形容词/名词(宾语补足语)＋动词不定式/that从句”中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面的动词不定式或that从句。find、 feel、 think、 take等动词也有这样的用法。
【教材P54】 However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。
[写美] 完成句子
①我必须表明，我会全力以赴赢得奖牌。
I must ____________________ I will make every effort to win the medal.
②你会发现做你感兴趣的事情很有帮助。
You'll ________________________ what you are interested in.
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．At the moment, we heard a huge ________ (撞击声) and then silence.
2．This book will be ________ (运送) to your house for free.
3．The dustman ________ (打扫) up all the fallen leaves on this street from 6 to 8 that morning.
4．The man ________ (挥手) until they were out of sight.
5．Would you like to give me a ________ (概括) of the report
Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式
1．In time of great danger, it's important ________________ (保持镇静).
2．Those survivors had to sleep ________________ (露天) as all houses had been destroyed.
3．To survive an earthquake, you need to prepare some water ________________ (现有).
4．What you said at the meeting ________________________________ (对我们的将来有很大影响).
5．You should ________________ (远离) big trees and buildings in an earthquake.
Section Ⅳ Reading for Writing
预学案
语篇精读 形成阅读能力
Task 1
1．B 2.C 3.D 4.D
教材认知 掌握知识必背
Ⅰ.基础词准确填写
1．supply 2.whistle 3.emergency 4.calm 5.aid 6.crash
7．sweep 8.wave 9.strike 10.台风 11.(尤指西大西洋的)飓风 12.管子；管道 13.成套工具；成套设备 14.总结；概括；概要
Ⅱ.派生词精准变形
1．power 2.erupt 3.deliver 4.effect 5.length
Ⅲ.重点短语双向记
1．in the open air 2.first aid kit 3.on hand 4.sweep away
5．搭起 6.至少 7.远离 8.确保 9.处于危险中 10.首先
Ⅳ.经典句式要牢记
1．was having breakfast with my three children when
2．the number of deaths is expected to
3．make it difficult to deliver food and supplies
学· 语言要点知识
? 重点词汇 ?
1．①down ②calmly ③Calm yourself down
2．①with ②to clean ③came to my aid
④With the aid/help of my English teacher
3．①waved at me warmly ②A wave of fear
③waved goodbye to my mother
4．①vt.侵袭 ②vt.突然想到 ③n.罢工 ④vt.打动，迷住
⑤vt.击打 ⑥It strikes/hits me that
5．①to ②delivery ③It is a great honour for me to deliver a speech
6．①into ②effective; into ③have a good effect on the children
? 经典句式 ?
1．①when ②were playing ③was about to give up when
2．①make it clear that ②find it quite helpful to do
练· 课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．crash 2.delivered 3.swept 4.waved 5.summary
Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式
1．to keep/stay calm 2.in the open air 3.on hand
4．had a great effect on our future 5.stay away from(共12张PPT)
Section Ⅴ Writing——概要写作(新闻报道)
通·题型解读
在整体把握原文的前提下， 用自己简洁、精练的语言， 对原文的主旨大意进行高度浓缩， 写出一篇语义连贯的短文。
析·谋篇思路
提供一篇300词以内的短文， 要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。
概要写作应注意以下几点：
(1)客观性：概要写作其实是一种客观的复述， 在正确理解原文的基础上， 用自己的语言真实地再现作者的思想， 写作内容要全面， 既不能漏掉任何要点， 也不能随意增加内容。特别需要注意的是， 考生不能对原文进行解释和评论， 也不能掺杂任何个人想法， 或做出任何评判。
(2)简洁性：能简则简， 避免反复。概要写作是一种对原文“浓缩”后产生的新语篇， 通过删除细节， 减少例证， 简化描述以及去除重复来实现语言的简洁性， 但是简洁的同时还要做到意义完整。
(3)连贯性：概要写作并不是写提纲那样只是罗列要点。写概要时， 必须在各要点之间增加一些体现逻辑的关系词， 使概要衔接紧密、脉络清晰。写出的概要读起来要完整连贯、独立成篇。
积·满分素材
1．描写某事物的性质功能。即“对象＋性质功能＋利弊”： (In the passage )The writer introduces...to us, especially its..., from which we know...
2．针对某个问题提出解决方法或措施。即“问题＋解决方法”：The passage tells us... So the author tells us how to...including...
3．介绍某现象及其原因、结果。即“现象＋原因＋结果”：The author talks about... It is caused by... As a result(Consequently)...
练·写作规范
阅读下面短文写一篇60词左右的概要。
The earthquake that hit San Francisco on April 18, 1906 shook down hundreds of thousands of dollars' worth of walls and chimneys (烟囱). But the fire that followed burned up hundreds of millions of dollars' worth of buildings and homes. Never before in history has a city been so completely destroyed. San Francisco is gone. The factories, the great stores and newspaper buildings, the hotels, and the great houses of the rich are all gone.
On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five came the earthquake. A moment later, the disaster was a fact. South of Market Street, in the working-class neighborhoods and in the factories, fires started. Within an hour of the first quake, the smoke could be seen 100 miles away. The sun was red in the dark sky. There was no stopping the fires. The firefighters to whom the task was given did their best but there was no way to organize or communicate. The railway tracks were now useless and there was no water in water pipes. All of the ways man had made to keep the city safe were gone in the thirty seconds the earth moved.
By Wednesday afternoon, half the heart of the city was gone. At that time, I watched the disaster from a ship on the bay (海湾). Out at sea it was calm. No wind came up. Yet from every direction—east, west, north, and south—strong winds blew upon the unlucky city and those whose homes had once stood in its green hills.
Wednesday night saw the destruction of the very heart of the city. Man himself had to make ruins of some of the city's best buildings so that they would not be a danger to those in the streets. Tens of thousands who had lost their homes left the city to look for shelter from the fires. Some were dressed only in blankets and carried the things that they had been able to rescue from the fires. But there were no fights and no pushing or shoving. Somehow this worst of disasters brought out the best in the survivors. Never in all of San Francisco's history were her people so kind as on this night of terror.
第一步：认真审题 谋篇布局
第二步：斟词酌句 靓化表达
1．一场大地震在1906年4月18日袭击了旧金山。这场地震使这座城市完全被破坏了。(分词作结果状语)
___________________ San Francisco on April 18th, 1906, ___________ ________________．
2．地震发生在凌晨5点15分，随后在市场街南部发生火灾，整个城市失去了通讯和交通工具。(强调句型)
_____________________________， and later fires started in South of Market Street and the city was left _____________________________ ___________．
A great earthquake struck
leaving the city
completely destroyed
It was at 5：15 am that the quake began
without means of communication or
transportation
3．到了下午，一半城市中心已经消失了。
_____________， half the heart of the city _____________．
4．当夜晚降临的时候， 无家可归的人们看到了可怕的破坏。
_____________， homeless people saw the terrible destruction.
5．无家可归的人们逃离这座城市寻找避难之所。
________________________________________________________
6．尽管在灾难中，但是人们表现出了最大的善意。
Although in disaster, people had ______________________．
By the afternoon
had disappeared
When night fell
Homeless people escaped the city to find shelter.
shown their greatest kindness
第三步：合理过渡 完美卷面
One possible version：
A great earthquake struck San Francisco on April 18th, 1906, leaving the city completely destroyed. It was at 5：15 am that the quake began, and later fires started in South of Market Street and the city was left without means of communication or transportation. By the afternoon, half the heart of the city had disappeared. When night fell, seeing the awful destruction, homeless people escaped the city to find shelter. Although in disaster, people had shown their greatest kindness.Section Ⅴ Writing——概要写作(新闻报道)
通·题型解读
在整体把握原文的前提下， 用自己简洁、精练的语言， 对原文的主旨大意进行高度浓缩， 写出一篇语义连贯的短文。
析·谋篇思路
提供一篇300词以内的短文， 要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。
概要写作应注意以下几点：
(1)客观性：概要写作其实是一种客观的复述， 在正确理解原文的基础上， 用自己的语言真实地再现作者的思想， 写作内容要全面， 既不能漏掉任何要点， 也不能随意增加内容。特别需要注意的是， 考生不能对原文进行解释和评论， 也不能掺杂任何个人想法， 或做出任何评判。
(2)简洁性：能简则简， 避免反复。概要写作是一种对原文“浓缩”后产生的新语篇， 通过删除细节， 减少例证， 简化描述以及去除重复来实现语言的简洁性， 但是简洁的同时还要做到意义完整。
(3)连贯性：概要写作并不是写提纲那样只是罗列要点。写概要时， 必须在各要点之间增加一些体现逻辑的关系词， 使概要衔接紧密、脉络清晰。写出的概要读起来要完整连贯、独立成篇。
积·满分素材
1．描写某事物的性质功能。即“对象＋性质功能＋利弊”： (In the passage )The writer introduces...to us, especially its..., from which we know...
2．针对某个问题提出解决方法或措施。即“问题＋解决方法”：The passage tells us... So the author tells us how to...including...
3．介绍某现象及其原因、结果。即“现象＋原因＋结果”：The author talks about... It is caused by... As a result(Consequently)...
练·写作规范
阅读下面短文写一篇60词左右的概要。
The earthquake that hit San Francisco on April 18, 1906 shook down hundreds of thousands of dollars' worth of walls and chimneys (烟囱). But the fire that followed burned up hundreds of millions of dollars' worth of buildings and homes. Never before in history has a city been so completely destroyed. San Francisco is gone. The factories, the great stores and newspaper buildings, the hotels, and the great houses of the rich are all gone.
On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five came the earthquake. A moment later, the disaster was a fact. South of Market Street, in the working-class neighborhoods and in the factories, fires started. Within an hour of the first quake, the smoke could be seen 100 miles away. The sun was red in the dark sky. There was no stopping the fires. The firefighters to whom the task was given did their best but there was no way to organize or communicate. The railway tracks were now useless and there was no water in water pipes. All of the ways man had made to keep the city safe were gone in the thirty seconds the earth moved.
By Wednesday afternoon, half the heart of the city was gone. At that time, I watched the disaster from a ship on the bay (海湾). Out at sea it was calm. No wind came up. Yet from every direction—east, west, north, and south—strong winds blew upon the unlucky city and those whose homes had once stood in its green hills.
Wednesday night saw the destruction of the very heart of the city. Man himself had to make ruins of some of the city's best buildings so that they would not be a danger to those in the streets. Tens of thousands who had lost their homes left the city to look for shelter from the fires. Some were dressed only in blankets and carried the things that they had been able to rescue from the fires. But there were no fights and no pushing or shoving. Somehow this worst of disasters brought out the best in the survivors. Never in all of San Francisco's history were her people so kind as on this night of terror.
?第一步：认真审题 谋篇布局
?第二步：斟词酌句 靓化表达
1．一场大地震在1906年4月18日袭击了旧金山。这场地震使这座城市完全被破坏了。(分词作结果状语)
________________________________ San Francisco on April 18th, 1906, ________________________________．
2．地震发生在凌晨5点15分，随后在市场街南部发生火灾，整个城市失去了通讯和交通工具。(强调句型)
________________________________________， and later fires started in South of Market Street and the city was left ________________________．
3．到了下午，一半城市中心已经消失了。
________________， half the heart of the city ________________．
4．当夜晚降临的时候， 无家可归的人们看到了可怕的破坏。
________________， homeless people saw the terrible destruction.
5．无家可归的人们逃离这座城市寻找避难之所。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
6．尽管在灾难中，但是人们表现出了最大的善意。
Although in disaster, people had ________________________．
?第三步：合理过渡 完美卷面
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Section Ⅴ Writing——概要写作
练·写作规范
第二步
1．A great earthquake struck; leaving the city completely destroyed
2．It was at 5：15 am that the quake began; without means of communication or transportation
3．By the afternoon; had disappeared
4．When night fell
5．Homeless people escaped the city to find shelter.
6．shown their greatest kindness
第三步
One possible version：
A great earthquake struck San Francisco on April 18th, 1906, leaving the city completely destroyed. It was at 5：15 am that the quake began, and later fires started in South of Market Street and the city was left without means of communication or transportation. By the afternoon, half the heart of the city had disappeared. When night fell, seeing the awful destruction, homeless people escaped the city to find shelter. Although in disaster, people had shown their greatest kindness.
