UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
练习1 Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
Ⅰ.阅读理解
__A__体裁：记叙文__主题语境：社会生活__难度：★★★☆☆
[2023·重庆高一检测]In 2015, Chennai was destroyed by one of the worst floods in over a century, leaving thousands without food, water and supplies. During the flood, many heroes arose, one of whom was Santosh, a young man who owned a takeout restaurant in Chennai.
When the first flood hit in November, he got a call from a company called Naga Rava. The company asked him to prepare 5, 000 packets of food and give them to the flood victims. He, with his partners, took the order, cooked for 14 hours and delivered them. But that night, as they sat together discussing the event of the day, they actually felt ashamed (羞愧).“Here was a man not even from Chennai and he was going out of his way to help the affected people. We, while living here, had not really done anything ourselves for our own people, ” said Santosh later.
He then began the groundwork for a collection to help cook more dishes. Little did he know that the November flood was just the beginning, and the__real__show was about to begin. The December flood affected them all. His own house got flooded and his family was trapped on the second floor. They lost phone connection and electricity. In spite of this, Santosh went back out into the flood, creating a kitchen and preparing food all by himself for the victims.
He did not sleep for four days, taking a one hour break every day as he kept on cooking. As word got out about this man's effort, others stepped out to join him. From children to the elderly, strangers came to help him in cooking, packing and transporting food. Up to 300 volunteers worked together to make it all happen. By the time the fourth day finally came to an end, Santosh and his team had prepared 170, 000 food boxes and delivered them to people in need.
1．What inspired Santosh to help the affected people
A．A call for help.
B．His cooking skills.
C．An act of kindness of a stranger.
D．The encouragement from his partners.
2．What does “the real show” in the third paragraph refer to
A．The help and support.
B．The severer flood.
C．Santosh's family suffering.
D．Santosh's cooking more food.
3．Which of the following can best describe Santosh
A．Energetic and helpful.
B．Determined and clever.
C．Selfless and caring.
D．Kind and wise.
4．What is the best title for the text
A．Many Hands Make Light Work
B．Kindness Is Its Own Reward
C．Major Floods Brought Challenges to People
D．A Man Cooked 170, 000 Meals for the Affected
__B__体裁：说明文__主题语境：自然灾害与防范__难度：★★★☆☆
During an earthquake, you should know what to do. If the earthquake strikes while you're inside a house, you should lie on the floor under a strong table or other furniture. If there is no furniture, you can cover your head with your arms and keep still in the corner of the room. You should keep away from windows, glass walls, or anything that can fall.
If you are in bed, hold firmly onto your bed and make use of a pillow to safeguard your head. You may use a doorway but only when it is close to you. It should also be considered whether it is strong enough to deal with the load.
If you are running out, do not use lifts, even if they work. Electricity may go out at any time. Many injuries happen when people try to rush out. This means you ought to stay in your house or perhaps wherever you are.
When you stay outdoors, you should stay far from buildings, power wires or lights. You should be in the open until the quake stops. Remember that many earthquake deaths outside the house come from falling apart walls, flying glass and other falling things.
If an earthquake strikes and you are driving, you should pull up to the side of the highway and stop as quickly as possible. You ought not to stop under trees, buildings or power wires. Don't stop in the middle of the street as it could trouble others.
When trapped, you shouldn't move. Your mouth should be covered with a piece of clothing or a handkerchief. This is because it is possible for you to breathe in some dust. Do not shout whenever possible. You should only shout in the end to get help from rescuers.
5．What is the writer's purpose in writing this passage
A．To tell us the dangers of an earthquake.
B．To tell us what to do before an earthquake.
C．To tell us what to do when an earthquake strikes.
D.To tell us why running during an earthquake is dangerous.
6．If there is no furniture in the room during an earthquake, you should________.
A．lie still on the floor
B．stay near the window
C．stay in the center of the room
D．keep still in the corner of the room
7．According to the passage, during an earthquake, you'd better NOT ________.
a．use a lift to escape
b．stay outdoors
c．cut off electricity
d．keep driving to escape
A．a, b B．b, c
C．a, d D．c, d
8．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．When to call out for help in an earthquake.
B.What to do when trapped in an earthquake.
C.How to make use of a handkerchief in an earthquake.
D．How to avoid breathing in some dust in an earthquake.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
答案
Ⅱ.七选五
体裁：说明文__主题语境：自然灾害与防范__难度：★★★☆☆
[2023·太原高一检测]Earthquakes strike without warning and are among the most destructive natural disasters. Keeping calm and proper reaction can sometimes save your life. To ride out an earthquake, remember the phrase “drop, cover, and hold on”．__1__．
*Move away from buildings, street lights, power lines, and bridges.
__2__．As soon as the ground begins shaking, try to get as far away as possible from any nearby structures. Do not seek shelter under a bridge or overpass.
*Crouch down low in a wide open area until the shaking stops.
Once you've made your way away from nearby structures, get down on your hands and knees and cover your head. See if there are any objects nearby to use as a shield (保护物), such as a trash can lid.__3__．
*__4__．
As you go out after the earthquake, be careful of broken glass, rubble, downed power lines, fallen trees, and any other potential danger. Check yourself and anyone nearby for injuries. If necessary, perform first aid and call emergency services.
*Get to higher ground if you're on the shore or near a dam.
Earthquakes can cause tsunamis, so put distance between yourself and the coast.__5__ if a shaking lasts more than 20 seconds. Get to ground that's at least 30 meters above sea level or 3.2 kilometers from the shore.
A．Don't wait for an alarm or warning to escape
B.Get down on your hands and knees under a table or desk
C．Watch out for danger as you observe your surroundings
D．Here are four tips helping you survive an earthquake if you are outdoors
E．If none are available, cover your head and neck with your hands and arms
F．The most dangerous locations during an earthquake are areas immediately around buildings
G.If possible, grab a pillow, sofa cushion, or another object to cover your face and head
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________练习2 Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
基础全面练
?维度1 单词拼写
1．The whole village lay in ruins, except a heavily d________ church.
2．If you are trapped in the ruins, please be calm and wait for the r________ team to help.
3．About 60 p________ of the senior high school students wear glasses.
4．After the e________ was cut off, the lights went out.
5．Some research is needed to further understand that computer screens can ________ (影响)our eyes.
6．Whenever a natural ________(灾难) occurs, soldiers are always ready to protect people's lives.
7．They were kind enough to let me in and have a ________ (躲避处) from the heavy rain.
8．It was a real ________ (令人震惊的事) to hear that a terrible typhoon happened again in Guangdong Province.
?维度2 单句语法填空
1．The kind of trees is under threat and ten percent ________ (destroy)in huge wildfires last summer.
2．The earthquake was so big that most of the houses in the small village were completely ________ ruins.
3．He was trying to save the girl ________(trap) in the burning house.
4．________(bury) myself in preparing the coming final exam, I have no time to learn about the news at home and abroad.
5．All the listeners were greatly ________(shock) when they heard the terrible news on radio.
6．I like to live in the countryside where the air is good ________(breathe).
?维度3 完成句子
1．很多房屋遭受严重损坏， 使100多人无家可归。
Many of the houses ________________________， leaving over 100 people homeless.
2．依我看来，你应该更加努力学习。
In my view, you should____________________________.
3．这种处境很容易改变， 如果你考虑我的建议的话。
The situation ____________________ if you take my suggestions into consideration.
4．这个少年英语说得如此流利就好像他是一个英国人。
The teenager speaks English so fluently ________________________．
5．在灾难发生的时候， 我们必须团结起来， 展现出保持积极向上的智慧， 重建一个更加光明的未来。
In times of disasters, we must unify and __________________________ and rebuild for a brighter future.
?维度4 课文语法填空
Strange things happened 1.____________ Tangshan Earthquake happened. The well walls had deep cracks. Some 2.____________(smell) gas came out of them. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous 3. ____________(eat). The water pipes cracked and burst. At 3：42 4.____________ the morning of July 28，1976, everything began to shake. 5.____________ seemed as if the world was at an end. Steam burst from holes in the ground. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. Soon the whole city lay in 6.____________(ruin). Many people died or were 7.____________(injure). Everything in the city was destroyed. People were 8. __________ (shock) at this and wondered how long the disaster would last. The army organized teams to dig out those 9. ____________ were trapped and to bury the dead. Workers built shelters for survivors. Fresh water was taken to the city. Slowly the city began to breathe again. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan 10. ____________ (build) upon the earthquake ruins.
主题阅读训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
体裁：说明文__主题语境：做善事的积极影响__难度：★★★☆☆
[2023·山东省潍坊市高一上学期检测]
Scientists who study happiness know that being kind to others can improve happiness. Acts as simple as buying a cup of coffee for someone can better a person's mood (心情), for example. Every day life affords many chances for such actions, yet people do not always make use of them.
In a set of studies published online in the Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, Nick Epley, a behavioral scientist, and I examined a possible explanation. We found that people who perform random (随机的) acts of kindness do not always realize how much of an effect they are having on another person. People usually think little of how others value these acts.
Across our investigations, several results came out. For one, both givers and receivers of the acts of kindness were in more positive moods than usual after these exchanges. For another, it was clear that givers undervalued (低估) their effect; receivers felt much better than the kind givers expected. The receivers also really recognized these acts as “bigger” than the people performing them did.
At first, we studied acts of kindness done for familiar people, such as friends, classmates or family. But later we found that givers undervalued their positive effect on strangers as well. In one experiment, givers in a public park gave away hot chocolate to strangers on a cold winter's day. Once again, the experience was more positive than the givers expected for the receivers. While the people giving the hot chocolate saw the act as unimportant, it really mattered to the receivers.
Our findings suggest that what might seem small to the givers could matter a great deal to the receivers. Since these warm acts can promote our own mood and brighten the day of another person, why not choose kindness when we can
1．What do givers seldom think about
A．Comments about their acts.
B．Effects of their acts on others.
C．Scientists' explanation.
D．Taste of happiness.
2．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．Investigations. B．Moods.
C．Acts. D．Exchanges.
3．Why does the author mention “gave away hot chocolate to strangers” in Paragraph 4
A．To explain a rule. B．To prove a finding.
C．To present a fact. D．To show a topic.
4．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Warm Acts Are Usually Valued
B．Warm Acts Are Necessary For People
C．Kindness Can Have Unexpectedly Positive Results
D.Kindness Can Unexpectedly Brighten Our Own Day
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4
答案
Ⅱ.完形填空
体裁：夹叙夹议文__主题语境：社会生活__难度：★★★★☆
[2023·重庆高一检测]I work for a non profit organization that serves children with disabilities. A particular __1__ made me appreciate it even more.
Last Friday we took them to an amusement park. I was __2__ with three girls who all had Down's syndrome (唐氏综合征). They were having a great time, __3__ the stares and looks from people around us.
The girls were __4__ and screaming in excitement on a roller coaster ride, when a young woman patted me on the shoulder.She __5__ told me that she recognized the girls had Down's syndrome. I told her yes.
I couldn't __6__ what she next said to me. She __7__ me that she had just had a baby who was diagnosed (诊断) with Down's syndrome, and that she had been most worried if her baby would be able to experience joy and live a life full of __8__. She then went on to say that watching these girls made her relieved(宽慰的), because she saw how happy they were. Then, she __9__me for talking to her and giving her the best gift she could have asked for：__10__．
I am so __11__ that these three amazing girls were able to make this mother feel a sense of __12__ — that they gave her the hope and __13__ that her baby will experience a happy life. Every time I think about this, I can't help but __14__. These kids that I am so __15__ to work with and their smiling faces are major reasons why I smile.
1．A.experience B．survey
C．job D．event
2．A.travelling B．quarrelling
C．working D．talking
3．A.for fear of B．in control of
C．because of D．regardless of
4．A.watching B．throwing
C．laughing D．thinking
5．A.excitedly B．politely
C．anxiously D．regretfully
6．A.found B．accept
C．suppose D．believe
7．A.warned B．reminded
C．told D．questioned
8．A.happiness B．freedom
C．worry D．success
9．A.excused B．remembered
C．paid D．thanked
10．A.peace B．promise
C．hope D．wealth
11．A.confused B．pleased
C．grateful D．thoughtful
12．A.sadness B．comfort
C．hopelessness D．responsibility
13．A.knowledge B．fear
C．suggestion D．fact
14．A.apologize B．sigh
C．jump D．smile
15．A.amazed B．tired
C．fortunate D．kind
[答题区]
1～5 ________ 6～10 ________ 11～15 ________练习3 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
基础全面练
?维度1 单句语法填空
1．We came to a place ________ we had never paid a visit to before.
2．All the books ________ you borrowed from the library should be returned.
3．The man ________ is giving a lecture now is Liu Fang's father.
4．Lu Xun, ________ real name is Zhou Shuren, was a famous writer.
5．The man ________ is walking on the playground is my old friend.
6．The typhoon __________killed many people was really terrible.
7．We're collecting money for those ________ homes were destroyed by the earthquake.
8．I visited the school yesterday ________ was built fifty years ago.
9．I miss the teachers and the kindergarten ________ my parents think highly of.
10．This is the very film ________ my parents love most.
11．The college won't take on anyone ________ eyesight is weak.
12．Those ________ make most people happy are the happiest in the world.
?维度2 用定语从句合并两个句子
1．I have a friend. He likes listening to classical music.
________________________________________________________________________
2．The student's article was published. I know the student.
________________________________________________________________________
3．My grandparents live in a house. It is more than 100 years old.
________________________________________________________________________
4．The computer is too slow. I bought the computer four years ago.
________________________________________________________________________
5．The man created the famous university. The man never finished college.
________________________________________________________________________
6．I have ever seen the film. It is the most interesting film.
________________________________________________________________________
7．The man used to be a football player. He is the chairman of the club.
________________________________________________________________________
8．The girl speaks English well. Her father is a teacher.
________________________________________________________________________
?维度3 语法与语篇，用适当的关系代词完成下面短文
Do you know the man 1.____________ wrote this book？He was Jason, one of the engineers 2.____________ came from Russia in the 1950s.He worked in the same factory where my father once worked.When he came to China, the first thing 3.____________ he did was to visit the factory 4.____________ did research on trolleybuses and found out the reason why China was so backward in it.Then he spent every minute 5.____________ he could spare to help China develop transportation.As is mentioned above, Jason was a foreigner 6.____________ made great contributions to our country and was a kind man to 7.____________ we should say thanks.
?维度4 用定语从句完成下列短文
The shopping mall, 1.____________________________________(很多人喜欢它的环境), was on fire last week because the gas pipes 2.______________________ (使用太长时间的) cracked. Those 3. ________________________(正在里面购物的) were trapped. It was such a big fire that the world seemed as if it came to an end. Many goods 4.______________________(正在销售的) were destroyed. This was the biggest fire 5.____________________________ (人们有史以来看到的). Luckily, the firefighters 6.____________________________________ (收到紧急电话的) came at once. They did all 7.________________________(他们能做的) to put out the fire. To our relief , no one was injured or dead.
主题阅读训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
体裁：记叙文__主题语境：做人与做事__难度：★★★☆☆
I have a story about raising free range (放养的) kids. This past Columbus Day，my husband and I went fishing with some friends on their boat while our 10 and 8 year olds were in school. We left the house all at the same time，about 7 am. My children walked to and from school every day and we knew they were OK for a couple hours by themselves anyway so we told them to go inside after school and we would be home around 4 pm.
The adults decided to go fishing offshore，since it was a beautiful day in the normally still very humid Texas fall. At around 2 pm we started back to shore and wouldn't you know，we ran out of gas. We were out of cellphone service，even 911 wasn't working，and we didn't have a radio so we were stuck waiting for someone to come by. We were out there until 10 pm. All the while my children were at home，expecting us to return shortly after they got home. At about 7 pm，when it was getting dark，my 10 year old thought something might be wrong so she walked to each house on the street until someone answered the door and asked them what they should do. This was how we were found by the game warden and “rescued”．
Talking with that neighbor the next day，I never took such pride in my children. This neighbor explained to me how calm both my children were when explaining the situation and how impressed they were with my children seeking help，even though they didn't know these particular neighbors. I never doubted them for a minute，though next time we go fishing，we'll monitor the gas more carefully.
1．How did the children go to school
A．Bu bus. B．By car.
C．By boat. D．On foot.
2．What happened to the author and her husband
A.They used up their gas.
B．They lost their cellphones.
C．They found a radio on shore.
D．They fell into the water.
3．What did the author think of her children's behavior
A．Worried. B．Proud.
C．Doubtful. D．Confident.
4．What can we infer from the text
A．It is wonderful to raise free range kids.
B．One should keep calm in face of danger.
C．A good neighbor is better than a brother far off.
D．Parents should pay more attention to their children.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4
答案
Ⅱ.七选五
体裁：说明文__主题语境：自然灾害与防范__难度：★★★☆☆
Being prepared and knowing the right things you have to do during the flood will give you greater chance to be safe and survive. You can have something following in mind.
__1__
Finding out how long the flood is expected to last will guide you in the proper measures and prevention you have to do. So do listen to the weather report. Don't pay attention to rumors (谣言).
Prepare and keep necessary supplies that will be usable and will last long enough.
Make sure that necessary items during the flood are ready.__2__ They are candles, radio, extra batteries, cash, phones, medicines, extra food, emergency cooking equipment, and bottled water, as water service may be cut off.
Know the emergency (紧急情况) numbers in your place.
In case of emergency conditions where you need further help, you will be able to ask for help. __3__
Stay in a safe place.
__4__ If your house is well built and won't be affected by flood, then it may be the best place to be during a storm. Be aware of the flood signal in your place to help you decide on where to stay and react to the condition. The flood often comes with the strong wind so board up and close windows.__5__
A．Know about the latest weather conditions in your area.
B．We'll keep you updated with weather information all day.
C．Important items to prepare for that will help you survive.
D．You can dial 911 or communicate with the right department.
E．Do check everything that might be blown away or turn loose.
F．Stay away from low lying places which may be swept away by storm waves.
G．Run down to the sea as quickly as possible even if further flooding is likely to occur.
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________练习4 Section Ⅳ Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing
基础全面练
?维度1 单词拼写
1．The injured young man has to have meals ________(递送) to his home.
2．I find it difficult to write a ________(概要) of about 60 words in length.
3．They asked the little boy to ________(打扫) the room clean.
4．The driver lost control of the car by accident and ________ (碰，撞) into a tree.
5．The volcanic eruption showed the shocking p________ of nature.
6．Keeping c________ is very important when you are faced with disasters.
7．Her beauty s________ him deeply and he decided to marry her.
8．Several hours later，the little boy was rescued with the a________ of the police.
9．In the car crash yesterday, only one of the five people s________．
10．Unfortunately, the little boy had stopped b________ before he was rescued from the river.
?维度2 单句语法填空
1．I was taking an online class in my study ________ I heard a loud noise in the backyard.
2．We must take ________ (effect) steps to protect the environment there from going worse.
3．The invention of the high speed railway makes ________ easy to travel thousands of miles a day.
4．________(strike) by the beauty of Mount Tai, we decided to stay another day.
5．That rescue team ________(supply) those people who were affected by the flood with enough fresh water.
6．The ________(long) of the article should be about 800 words.
7．A man in the flood was shouting and ________ (wave) his arms around wildly.
8．Up to now enough food and water ____________ (deliver) to the disaster hit area.
?维度3 完成句子
1．我不会说法语， 但是一位好心的男士来帮助我并告诉我怎么走。
I couldn't speak any French, but a nice man ________________ and told me how to go.
2．我回到家的时候突然想起我把行李忘在机场了。
____________________ I had left my luggage at the airport when I arrived home. (strike)
3．我们正在讨论数学问题， 这时校长进来了。
We ________________________________ the headmaster came in.
4．一场地震袭击了这个小镇，造成了20人死亡。
An earthquake struck the town，______________________.
5．在西方，人们常在圣诞节给亲朋好友购买礼物。
People in the west ____________________ Christmas presents for their relatives and friends.
6．我们都知道，长时间玩手机对我们的视力有不好的影响。
We all know that playing with the smartphone for a long time ________________________．
?维度4 课文语法填空
On 26 December 2004, a tsunami caused by the 1.________(power) earthquake in the past 40 years crashed 2.________ coastlines across Asia, 3.________(cause) more than 6，500 deaths. The undersea quake 4.________(strike) off the west coast of Indonesia's Sumatra Island, killing at least 1，870 people in that area. In Sri Lanka, about 2，498 people were killed and one million more 5.________(affect) by the tsunami. As many as 1，900 people died along the southern coast in India. Another 254 were found 6.________(die) and many more were hurt 7.________ missing in Thailand. Thousands of people are still missing and the number of deaths is expected 8.________(grow). The damage caused by the tsunami will make 9.________ difficult to deliver food and supplies to 10.________(survive).
主题阅读训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
体裁：记叙文__主题语境：自然灾害与防范__难度：★★☆☆☆
On 26 December, 2004, a 9.0 magnitude earthquake off the Indonesian coast sent a wall of water racing toward Thailand, Malaysia and Sri Lanka. Lang was on the island of Ko Phi Phi, shopping on Main Street with her friend Rubina Wong, when suddenly everything changed. “People started running inland. From where we were, we could not see the beach so we had no idea what was going on. Nobody was saying it's a tsunami (海啸)，” she said.
Lang and Rubina started running inland in the same direction as everyone else, when she noticed water racing into the island, but so strong and fast that she could no longer lift her feet to run. Rubina had gone down. Lang never saw her alive again. “I could no longer move and then I saw a black wall of water. It just threw me right off my feet.” she said.
Lang was stuck underwater between debris (碎片) with the surface just above her face. “The more I struggled (挣扎), the tighter I was stuck. I could not reach the surface.” she said. “I must have blacked out because the next thing I remember is waking up underwater.”
The water was motionless (静止的) and black. Lang looked up and could see at the top, there was a small circle of light. She started swimming through the motionless water and made it to the surface of the water. She pulled herself onto a floating (漂浮的) door and could see that the whole island was flooded. She could see a house not far away. She managed to climb over floating objects to the balcony (阳台) of the house. From there she saw the water start to slowly go back to the ocean.
1．What was Lang doing when the tsunami happened
A．She was running in a race.
B．She was playing on the beach.
C．She was looking for her friend.
D．She was shopping in the street.
2．Why was Lang unable to run
A．There was a wall in the way.
B．She feared she would get lost.
C．She had to wait for her friend.
D．The racing water was too powerful.
3．What can we learn about Lang from Paragraph 3
A．She didn't want to struggle.
B．She was trapped underwater.
C．She didn't regret going shopping.
D．She managed to keep awake in the water.
4．How did Lang manage to save herself
A．By calling for help.
B．By hiding in a house.
C．By climbing up a tall tree.
D．By making use of floating objects.
[答题区]
题号 1 2 3 4
答案
Ⅱ.完形填空
体裁：记叙文__主题语境：人与自然——灾害防范__难度：★★★☆☆
A tsunami alert (警报) was given. My company __1__ its workers who lived in the coastal areas to return home to help people evacuate. By the time I got to my __2__， the time had already passed. My father was there. I suggested we evacuate, but my father said we would be __3__ because the predicted (预计的) time had already passed. He stayed upstairs. All of a sudden, my father shouted, “Come upstairs right away！”
I suggested we should __4__， but it was too late. We decided to remain upstairs. The water level rapidly grew higher and higher. At one moment I thought I'd try to go outside, however, I __5__. There was little space to breathe. __6__ we watched the space become completely occupied (侵占) by the water.
The next moment I __7__ my home was gone. I was drained (吸走) from my house into the soup of seawater, cars, houses, and everything the tsunami carried. However, I was __8__ and a drawer (抽屉) for clothes moved toward me and I climbed onto it.
After a long time, I got to the __9__. March in Fukushima is __10__. I was shaking and wet. The next tsunami was about to reach me. But I was unable to __11__ myself because of the coldness. And then I __12__ myself and got up. I walked, paying no attention to the __13__ in my body and feet. Finally, I was __14__ and I reunited with my family. I have never given up the __15__ that one day I will be able to return to my town and raise my family there.
1．A.forced B．taught
C．ordered D．invited
2．A.school B．company
C．car D．house
3．A.fine B．dangerous
C．angry D．interested
4．A.show off B．run away
C．take over D．set off
5．A.succeeded B．started
C．failed D．asked
6．A.Helplessly B．Safely
C．Carelessly D．Proudly
7．A.doubted B．forgot
C．remembered D．realized
8．A.bored B．lucky
C．lovely D．busy
9．A.beach B．door
C．ground D．office
10．A.cold B．beautiful
C．different D．strange
11．A.stop B．introduce
C．protect D．move
12．A.enjoyed B．educated
C．encouraged D．expressed
13．A.pain B．fact
C．truth D．noise
14．A.refused B．saved
C．controlled D．attracted
15．A.pity B．power
C．patience D．hope
[答题区]
1～5 ________ 6～10 ________ 11～15 ________练习5 单元语基自查
Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking
[时间：20分钟]
Ⅰ.默写重点单词
1．________ n. 灾难；灾害
2．________ n. 旱灾；久旱
3．________ vi.& vt. (使)滑行；滑动
4．________ n. 洪水；大量
vi. 淹没；大量涌入
vt. 使灌满水；淹没
5．________ n．& vt. 营救；救援
6．________ vt. 摧毁；毁灭
7．________ vt. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动
8．________ n. 避难处；居所；庇护
vt. 保护；掩蔽
vi. 躲避(风雨或危险)
9．________ n. 百分之……
adj.& adv. 每一百中
10．________ vt. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套
n. 险境；陷阱
11．________ n. 努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
12．________ n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊→________ adj.震惊的→________ adj. 令人震惊的
13．________ n．电；电能→________ adj. 电的，用电的
14．________ n．智慧；才智→________ adj. 睿智的，明智的
15．________ vi.& vt.呼吸→________ n. 呼吸
Ⅱ.默写核心短语
1．________________ 仿佛；好像；似乎
2．________________ 终结；结束
3．________________ 严重受损；破败不堪
4．________________ 震惊；吃惊
5．as usual ________________
6．blow...away ________________
7．fall down ________________
8．go through ________________
Ⅲ.词形变化填空
1．To avoid being trapped in the ________(destroy) buildings，they had to stay in the open air.
2.__________(bury) in the newspaper, he didn't notice what was happening.
3．The________ news ________ all the people around, which was also a great ________ to people all over the country.(shock)
4．①To our delight, the ________ (suffer) has decided to give up smoking.
②The doctor decided to offer some advice to the athlete ________ (suffer) from a bad back.
③The serious drought affected the farmers and caused great ________ (suffer).
5．Obviously, they didn't realize that their behavior had done great damage ________the beauty of the park.
Ⅳ.选词填空
从上面默写核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子
1．The people in the city，who didn't think much about the signs，went to sleep ______________．
2．He looked shocked at the news ______________ he knew nothing about it.
3．The town is________________，but fortunately the hospital remains in good condition and usable.
4．The west wind ________________ the fallen leaves，making the street colder.
5．All the survivors looked at the fallen houses ________________ after the earthquake.
V.结合课文主题， 使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇80词左右的短文
1. 2020年10月30号， 一场地震袭击了希腊， 给这个国家造成巨大破坏。(damage)
2. 大约118人死亡， 数百人被埋在废墟中。(bury, ruin)
3. 幸运的是， 政府派遣士兵去救援那些被困的人们。(rescue)
4. 尽管地震已经结束， 那里的人们仍然遭受着巨大痛苦， 因为难以得到干净的水和食物。(come to an end; suffer; be adj. to do)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Reading for Writing & Other Parts of the Unit
[时间：20分钟]
Ⅰ.默写重点单词
1．________ vt. 供应；供给
n. 供应(量)；补给；
[pl.] 补给品
2．________ n. 水龙头；轻敲；轻叩
vt.& vi. 轻叩；轻敲；轻拍
3．________ n. 管道；管子
4．________ n. 紧急情况；突发事件
5．________ adj. 镇静的；沉着的
vt. 使平静；使镇静
6．________ n. 援助；帮助；救援物资
vt.& vi. 援助；帮助
7．________ vt.& vi. 碰撞；撞击
n. 撞车；碰撞
8．________ vt.& vi. 打扫；清扫
9．________ n. 海浪；波浪
vt.& vi. 挥手；招手
10．________ vt.& vi. 侵袭；突击；击打
n. 罢工；罢课；袭击
11．________ n. 总结；概括；概要
12．________ vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→________ n．爆发
13．________ vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过→________ n．幸存者；生还者→________ n．幸存
14．________ n．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→________ adj.强有力的；有影响力的
15．________ vt.& vi.传达；递送 vt.发表→________ n．递送
16．________ n．影响；结果；效果→________ adj.有效的
17．________ n．长；长度→________ adj.长的→________ vt.延长
Ⅱ.默写核心短语
1．________________ 露天；在户外
2．________________ 急救箱
3．________________ 至少
4．________________ 现有(尤指帮助)
5．________________ 消灭；彻底消除
6．________________ 保持镇静
7．put up ________________
8．stay away from________________
9．be expected to________________
10．carry out________________
Ⅲ.词形变化填空
1．Thanks to the swimming skills，he and his friend succeeded in________ the terrible flood and they were the only two ________．(survive)
2．In order to find more________ ways to protect the environment, we called on the government to put the law into ________．(effect)
3．The flood delayed the ________(deliver) of the mail.
4．The________(long) of your speech must be at least 5 minutes.
5．Then I saw a thin arm ________ (wave) weakly a few yards away.
Ⅳ.选词填空
从上面默写核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子
1．Rescue workers put up many tents ________________ to shelter survivors of the earthquake.
2．The waves caused by the tsunami ________________ more than 1，000 lives.
3．________________ 30 people were badly injured or killed in the volcano eruption.
4．They wanted the plan to be________________ on schedule to stop pollution.
5．The economy ________________ increase by 5 percent this year.
Ⅴ.单元语法—定语从句
1．The boy________ legs were badly injured was quickly taken to the hospital.
2．He talked about the persons and books ________ interested him greatly in the school.
3．She said she would do anything________ could help her mother recover from the disease.
4．My grandmother lives in a house________ is more than 50 years old.
5．It is the man________ saved my life when I was facing a fire like that.UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
练习1 Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 文章讲述了在一次严重的洪灾期间， 桑托什和一些好心人准备了170 000份盒饭救援灾区的故事。
1．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第二段的内容“Here was a man not even from Chennai and he was going out of his way to help the affected people.We, while living here, had not really done anything ourselves for our own people”可知， 是一个陌生人的善举激励桑托什帮助灾民。
2．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Little did he know...affected them all. ”可知， 他不知道11月的洪水只是一个开端， 而真正的表演即将开始。 12月的洪水影响了他们所有人。由此可知， 此处的“the real show”指的是12月更严重的洪水。
3．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据全文内容可知， 桑托什的家也遭受了洪水， 但是他依然去帮助其他受灾的人们。这说明他无私且关心他人。
4．答案与解析：D 标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了在严重的洪灾期间， 桑托什和一些好心人准备了170 000份盒饭救援灾区的故事。
B
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了当地震发生时，置身于不同情况下的人们应该如何自救。
5．答案与解析：C 写作意图题。通读全文可知，作者介绍了发生地震时，身处不同情况下的自救措施。
6．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，当地震来临时，身处室内的你，如果没有家具，你应该用手臂护住头，躲在房间的墙角处。
7．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第三段和第五段可知，地震来临时，不应该乘电梯，也不应该驾车逃跑。
8．答案与解析：B 段落大意题。最后一段主要介绍了在地震中被困，等待救援的过程中的做法：要掩住嘴避免吸入灰尘，要保持体力，不要急忙呼救。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】 文章介绍了几种在户外遇到地震时的逃生方法。
1．答案与解析：D 前文提到“为了安全度过地震， 记住这句话： 蹲下， 找遮蔽物， 坚持住”。承接前文， D选项“如果你在户外， 这里有四个帮助你在地震中存活的小贴士”切题， 且与下文给的四个建议呼应， 故选D。
2．答案与解析：F 前文提到“远离建筑物、路灯、电线和桥梁。”承接前文， F选项“地震中最危险的位置是建筑物附近的区域”切题。
3．答案与解析：E 前文提到“看看附近有没有什么东西可以作为保护物， 比如垃圾桶盖。”承接前文， E选项“如果没有可用的， 用你的手和胳膊盖住你的头和脖子。”切题。
4．答案与解析：C 下文提到“地震后外出时， 小心碎玻璃、碎石、倒下的电线、倒下的树和其他潜在的危险。”承接下文， C选项“当你观察周围环境时， 要小心危险。”切题。
5．答案与解析：A 后文提到“如果摇晃持续超过20秒”。承接后文， A选项“不要等待有警报或警告再逃跑”切题。
练习2 Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
层级一 基础全面练
维度1 单词拼写
1．damaged 2.rescue 3.percent 4.electricity 5.affect 6.disaster 7.shelter 8.shock
维度2 单句语法填空
1．were destroyed 2.in 3.trapped 4.Burying 5.shocked
6．to breathe
维度3 完成句子
1．were badly damaged
2．make a greater effort to study hard
3．is easy to change
4．as if he were an Englishman
5．show the wisdom to stay positive
维度4 课文语法填空
1．before 2.smelly 3.to eat 4.on 5.It 6.ruins
7．injured 8.shocked 9.who 10.was built
层级二 主题阅读训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一项研究发现，做善事可以给自己和他人带来意想不到的积极的影响。
1．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We found that people who perform random (随机的) acts of kindness do not always realize how much of an effect they are having on another person.(我们发现，进行随机善举的人并不总是意识到他们对另一个人的影响有多大。)”可知，做善事的人不总是能意识到他们对他人的影响。
2．答案与解析：C 词义猜测题。them通常指代的是上文中的名词复数；根据第三段中的“The receivers also really recognized these acts as ‘bigger’ than the people performing them did.(接收者也真正认识到这些行为比表演它们的人‘更大’。)”可知，此处them指代的是上文中的these acts，也就是文章讲述的“善举”。
3．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“But later we found that givers undervalued their positive effect on strangers as well. (但后来我们发现，给予者也低估了他们对陌生人的积极影响)”推知，下文提到给陌生人送咖啡这一事例是为了证明研究发现是正确的。
4．答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。根据尾段中的“Our findings suggest that what might seem small to the givers could matter a great deal to the receivers.”以及全文中的研究发现可知，做善事的人觉得微不足道的事情，却可以给给予者以及接受者都会带来意想不到的影响，所以本文的题目是“善举会有意外的积极的效果”。
Ⅱ.完形填空
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在一个为残疾孩子服务的非营利性组织工作。一次带着孩子们在游乐园游玩时， 作者遇到一位年轻女士， 这位女士的话使作者感触颇深， 他认识到了这份工作的重大意义。
1．答案与解析：A 根据下文的叙述可知， 一次不寻常的经历使作者更重视自己的工作。
2．答案与解析：C 作者当时的工作是帮助三个患有唐氏综合征的女孩。根据上文中的“I work for a non profit organization that...”可知选C, 根据语境可理解为“帮助”。
3．答案与解析：D 根据空格前“They were having a great time”可以推出她们应该是不顾他人异样的眼光。所以用regardless of(不管， 不顾)符合语境。for fear of “唯恐， 以免(发生危险)”； in control of “控制”； because of“因为”。
4．答案与解析：C 根据全文内容可知， 孩子们玩得非常开心， 所以用laughing(笑)。此处意为“女孩们笑着， 高兴地尖叫着”。
5．答案：B 根据上下文语境， 应该是她礼貌地告诉作者她意识到这些女孩患有唐氏综合征。
6．答案与解析：D 作者不敢相信这位女士接下来告诉他的话， 因此用believe(相信)。
7．答案与解析：C 根据上文中的“what she next said to me”可知， 此处是她告诉作者的内容。
8．答案与解析：A 根据下文中的“her baby will experience a happy life”可知， 这位女士极为担心自己患有唐氏综合征的孩子能否过上幸福的生活， 故此处用happiness(幸福)。
9．答案与解析：D 根据下文中的“talking to her and giving her the best gift”可知， 这位女士感谢了作者。
10．答案：C 根据下文中的“were able to make this mother...the hope”可知， 这位女士认为作者给了自己能够得到的最好的礼物， 那就是“希望”， 即自己的孩子有能够快乐生活的希望。
11．答案与解析：B 这三个患有唐氏综合征的女孩能够给这位母亲带来希望使作者感到高兴。pleased“高兴的”， 符合语境。confused“迷惑的”； grateful“感恩的”； thoughtful“考虑周到的”。
12．答案与解析：B 根据上文中的“watching these girls made her relieved”及下文中的“they gave her the hope”可知， 看见这些孩子们使这位女士感觉到宽慰。
13．答案与解析：A 这三个患有唐氏综合征的女孩让这位女士知道了她的孩子即使患有唐氏综合征也能体验幸福生活。此处knowledge意为“知晓， 了解”。
14．答案：D 根据下文中的“their smiling faces are major reasons why I smile”可知答案应为smile。
15．答案与解析：C 根据作者在全文的情感态度可以看出， 他认为自己每天照顾这些孩子是非常幸运的， 因此用fortunate。
练习3 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
层级一 基础全面练
维度1 单句语法填空
1．that/which 2.that 3.that/who 4.whose 5.who/that
6．that/which 7.whose 8.that/which 9.that/which
10．that 11.whose 12.who
维度2 用定语从句合并两个句子
1．I have a friend who likes listening to classical music.
2．I know the student whose article was published.
3．My grandparents live in a house which is more than 100 years old.
4．The computer which/that I bought four years ago is too slow.
5．The man who/that created the famous university never finished college.
6．It is the most interesting film that I have ever seen.
7．The man who/that is the chairman of the club used to be a football player.
8．The girl whose father is a teacher speaks English well.
维度3 语法与语篇，用适当的关系代词完成下面短文
1．who/that 2.who/that 3.that 4.which/that 5.that 6.who/that 7.whom
维度4 用定语从句完成下列短文
1．whose environment many people enjoyed 2.which/that were used too long 3.who were shopping in it 4.which/that were on sale 5.that people had ever seen 6.who/that received the emergency call 7.that they could do
层级二 主题阅读训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者和丈夫及朋友去钓鱼，让孩子放了学自己回家，但是回来的时候船没油了，被困在了水上，结果孩子在夜晚求助邻居，最后作者她们获救。作者为孩子的行为感到很自豪。
1．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“My children walked to and from school every day”可知，孩子们每天步行去上学。故选D。
2．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第二段内容“At around 2 pm we started back to shore and wouldn't you know，we ran out of gas.”可知，作者她们的船没有汽油了。故选A。
3．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容“I never took such pride in my children”可知，作者为孩子们的行为感到骄傲。故选B。
4．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。阅读文章内容并根据最后一段可知，作者让一个10岁和一个8岁的孩子自己上下学，放心地去钓鱼，在被困住后又是孩子在夜晚求助邻居而得救，作者为他们的行为感到自豪也从来没有怀疑过他们的能力。由此可推知，作者家自由放养的孩子真是太棒了。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在洪水来临时， 要做好准备并知道你必须做的正确的事情， 这些事情将会给你带来更大的生存且获救的机会。
1．答案与解析：A 根据下文“所以一定要听天气预报。”可知， A选项Know about the latest weather conditions in your area. (了解你所在地区的最新天气情况。)符合上下文语境。
2．答案与解析：C 根据上句“确保洪水期间的必要物品准备好了”， 再根据空格下句“它们是蜡烛、收音机、备用电池、现金、电话、药品、额外食品、紧急烹饪设备和瓶装水， 因为水服务可能会被切断。”可知， C选项Important items to prepare for that will help you survive. (重要的东西要做好准备， 这将有助于你的生存。) 符合上下文语境。
3．答案与解析：D 根据上文“在需要进一步帮助的紧急情况下， 你将能够寻求帮助。”可知， D选项You can dial 911 or communicate with the right department. (你可以拨打报警电话， 或者与正确的部门联系。)符合语境。
4．答案与解析：F 根据下文“如果你的房子建得很好， 不会受到洪水的影响， 那么它可能是暴风雨中最好的地方。”可知， F选项Stay away from low lying places which may be swept away by storm waves. (远离那些可能被风暴冲走的低洼地带。) 符合语境。
5．答案与解析：E 根据上句“洪水通常伴随着强风而来， 所以用挡板围住和关闭窗户。”可知， E选项Do check everything that might be blown away or turn loose. (要检查所有可能被吹走或变松的东西。) 符合语境。
练习4 Section Ⅳ Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing
层级一 基础全面练
维度1 单词拼写
1．delivered 2.summary 3.sweep 4.crashed 5.power
6．calm 7.struck 8.aid 9.survived 10.breathing
维度2 单句语法填空
1．when 2.effective 3.it 4.Striken 5.supplied 6.length
7．waving 8.have been delivered
维度3 完成句子
1．came to my aid
2．It suddenly struck me that
3．were discussing the maths problem when
4．causing twenty deaths
5．make it a rule to buy
6．has a bad effect on our eyesight
维度4 课文语法填空
1．most powerful 2.into 3.causing 4.struck 5.were affected 6.dead 7.or 8.to grow 9.it 10.survivors
层级二 主题阅读训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
【解题导语】 本文描述了主人公Lang在海啸中逃生的经历。
1．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。由第一段中的“Lang was on the island of Ko Phi Phi, shopping on Main Street with her friend Rubina Wong, when suddenly everything changed.”可知，海啸发生时，Lang正和朋友逛街购物。
2．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。由第二段中的“she noticed water racing into the island, but so strong and fast that she could no longer lift her feet to run”可知，涌向岛上的水流很急、水力太大， Lang根本跑不动。
3．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。由第三段中的“Lang was stuck underwater between debris (碎片) with the surface just above her face.”和“The more I struggled (挣扎), the tighter I was stuck. I could not reach the surface.”可知， Lang被困在了水里，无法动弹。black out “暂时失去知觉；昏厥”。
4．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。由最后一段中的“She pulled herself onto a floating (漂浮的) door and could see that the whole island was flooded.”及“She managed to climb over floating objects to the balcony (阳台) of the house.”可知， Lang利用水中的漂流物支撑着自己，最终她爬到不远处一座房子的阳台上，脱离了危险。
Ⅱ.完形填空
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己在海啸中死里逃生的故事。
1．答案与解析：C 根据上文中的“A tsunami alert was given”可知，海啸警报发布，公司命令住在海边的员工返回家中帮助人们撤离。
2．答案与解析：D 根据上文中的“My company...to help people evacuate”可知，当作者返回家中的时候，预警的时间已经过了。
3．答案与解析：A 根据下文中的“the predicted time had already passed”可知，因为预警的时间已过，所以作者的父亲认为他们会没事的。
4．答案与解析：B 根据下文中的“but it was too late”可知，作者建议逃走，可是一切都太迟了。
5．答案与解析：C 根据上文中的“however”可知，作者尝试着出去，然而他失败了。
6．答案与解析：A 根据上文中的“There was little space to breathe”以及下文中的“the space become completely occupied by the water”可知，作者所在的区域已经被水淹没，几乎没有呼吸的空间，更令人无助的是，所剩无几的空间也被水吞噬了。
7．答案与解析：D 根据下文中的“I was drained from my house into the soup of seawater, cars, houses, and everything the tsunami carried”可知，作者被海啸卷走了，在那之前他意识到自己的家已经被海啸摧毁了。
8．答案与解析：B 根据下文中的“a drawer for clothes moved toward me and I climbed onto it”可知，作者十分幸运，一个抽屉漂向了作者。于是他顺势爬了上去。
9．答案与解析：C 根据下文中的“I walked, paying no attention...and feet”可知，经过了好长时间，作者终于漂到了陆地上。
10．答案与解析：A 根据下文中的“I was shaking and wet”可知，三月的福岛天气很冷。
11．答案与解析：D 根据下文中的“because of the coldness”可知，因为寒冷作者失去了行动能力。
12．答案与解析：C 根据上文中的“The next tsunami was about to reach me”可知，作者意识到下一波海啸就要来了，于是他鼓励自己并站了起来。
13．答案与解析：A 根据上文中的描述可知，作者遭受了很大的磨难，在下一波海啸到来之前，他铆足了劲站了起来，并尝试着行走，完全顾不上自己身体的疼痛。
14．答案与解析：B 根据下文中的reunited with my family可知，作者被救了，重新和家人团聚了。
15．答案与解析：D 根据上文的描述以及下文中的raise my family there可知，海啸摧毁了作者的家乡，但是他从没有放弃希望，他希望有一天自己可以重返家乡，在那里照顾家人。
练习5 单元语基自查
默写练习一 Listening and Speaking & Reading
and Thinking
Ⅰ.默写重点单词
1．disaster 2.drought 3.slide 4.flood 5.rescue
6．destroy 7.affect 8.shelter 9.percent 10.trap
11．effort 12.shock; shocked; shocking
13．electricity; electric 14.wisdom; wise 15.breathe; breath
Ⅱ.默写核心短语
1．as if 2.come to an end 3.in ruins 4.in shock
5．像往常一样 6.把……吹走 7.跌倒；倒塌 8.经历；经受
Ⅲ.词形变化填空
1．destroyed 2.Buried 3.shocking; shocked; shock
4．sufferer; suffering; suffering 5.to
Ⅳ.选词填空
1．as usual 2.as if 3.in ruins 4.blew away 5.in shock
V.结合课文主题， 使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇80词左右的短文
On 30th October, 2020, an earthquake struck Greek, which caused great damage to the country. About 118 natives were killed and hundreds of people were buried in the ruins. Fortunately, the government sent soldiers to rescue those trapped. Although the quake came to an end, people there still suffered a lot, because clean water and food were hard to get.
默写练习二 Reading for Writing &
Other Parts of the Unit
Ⅰ.默写重点单词
1．supply 2.tap 3.pipe 4.emergency 5.calm 6.aid
7．crash 8.sweep 9.wave 10.strike 11.summary
12．erupt; eruption 13.survive; survivor; survival
14．power; powerful 15.deliver; delivery
16．effect; effective 17.length; long; lengthen
Ⅱ.默写核心短语
1．in the open air 2.first aid kit 3.at least 4.on hand
5．sweep away 6.stay calm
7．搭起 8.远离 9.预期，预计；有望 10.执行，实行
Ⅲ.词形变化填空
1．surviving; survivors 2.effective; effect 3.delivery
4．length 5.waving
Ⅳ.选词填空
1．in the open air 2.swept away 3.At least 4.carried out 5.is expected to
Ⅴ.单元语法—定语从句
1．whose 2.that 3.that 4.which 5.who
