2024年高考英语高考应用文写作(共144张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2024年高考英语高考应用文写作(共144张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 1.4MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-02-19 10:17:02 | ||
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(共144张PPT)
英语高考应用文写作指导
01
考情分析
年份 卷别 语篇类型 主题 命题形式
2023 全国乙卷 投稿 假期学得的一项新技能 提纲式、半开放式
全国甲卷 投稿 写一位中国历史人物 新课标Ⅰ卷 邮件 英语口语分组存在的问题和建议 2022 全国乙卷 投稿 课外英语学习方式 全国甲卷 投稿 海洋保护 全国新高考Ⅰ卷 邮件 邀请外教参加访谈 2021 全国乙卷 发言稿 在线学习 全国甲卷 邮件 了解哪些中国传统文化更吸引外国友人 全国新高考Ⅰ卷 投稿 读报的经历和喜爱的栏目 规律 总结 1. 试题富有时代性、实用性、创新性和综合性，贴近生活，让学生有话可说。
2. 多属控制性写作，有提示，越来越注重创设情境，注重英语思维。
3. 融入中华文化，坚定四个自信。写作话题以文化类居多，倡导传承中华文化，立足家国情怀，体现文化自信。
4. 落实五育并举，深化体美劳教育。命题形式以活动类介绍为主，如校园活动、农场劳动、体育活动等，情景真实，贴近学生生活。
5. 关注社会热点，与时俱进。传播社会正能量，弘扬人间真善美，倡导和谐人际关系，宣传科学探索精神。
6. 立足世界，开拓视野。助推人类命运共同体建设，宣传跨文化交流。
备考 建议 1.加强话题储备，精心积累写作素材。
2.注意分类训练，熟悉各类文体框架。
3.认真审题，抓住要点。
4.书写规范，卷面整洁。
赋分标准
(一)评分细则
1.按档给分
本题满分15分，分五个档次进行评分。
先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。如果应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，即使语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，也不扣分，因为这些错误是考生尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致。
2.根据内容和语言划档
评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性、上下文的连贯性及语言的得体性。
评分的核心：
要点的完整性、语法的准确性、词汇的高级性、结构的复杂性、行文的连贯性和语言的得体性。
3.限制词数
词数少于60和多于100的，从总分中减去2分。
4.小细节大作用
拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。如书写较差，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。
(二)各档次的给分范围和要求
档次 描述
第五档 (13-15 分) 完成了试题规定的任务。
——覆盖所有内容要点。
——应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。
——语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致。
——有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑，完全达到了预期的写作目的。
续表
档次 描述
第四档 (10-12 分) 完成了试题规定的任务。
——虽漏掉一两个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。
——应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。
——语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。
——应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。
第三档 (7-9分) 基本完成了试题规定的任务。
——虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。
——应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。
——有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。
——应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文内容连贯。
整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。
第二档 (4-6分) 未恰当完成试题规定的任务。
——漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。
——语法结构单调，词汇知识有限。
——有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。
——较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。
信息未能清楚地传达给读者。
续表
档次 描述
第一档 (1-3分) 未完成试题规定的任务。
——明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。
——语法结构单调，词汇知识有限。
——较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。
——缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。
信息未能传达给读者。
零档 (0分) 未能传达给读者任何信息，内容太少，无法评判；所写内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。
易失分点
失分点 描述
审题 审题不清：人称、主要时态、写作形式运用失当。
内容 要点 要点遗漏、含糊，扩展不当，偏离主题。
续表
失分点 描述
语言 表达 (1)词法：①单词拼写错误；②词性使用混乱；③词组搭配错误；④使用汉语拼音。
(2)句法：①无句子意识；②英汉表达转换能力弱；③动词时态、语态误用；④连词误用；⑤标点使用不当；⑥句式搭配不当；⑦大小写不分。
(3)章法：①分段意识不强，层次不清；②无过渡语或过渡语使用不当；③结尾任意发挥， 偏离主题。
卷面 书写潦草，有涂改、增删情况。
高考作文高分卷的特点
1.形式美：字体清晰、书写工整、卷面整洁美观、段落层次分明。
2.内容美：无低级错误，语言词汇、句型结构等具有准确性、合理性、丰富性和多样性等特点。
3.逻辑美：运用恰当的连接词，文章上下衔接自然、条理清晰。
02
真题品阅
真题品阅1
真题品阅2
真题品阅3
[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]
假定你是李华，外教Ryan准备将学生随机分为两人一组，让大家课后练习口语，你认为这样分组存在问题。请你给外教写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.说明问题； 2.提出建议。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Ryan,
I’m Li Hua from Class 3.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
解读
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求学生以邮件的形式向外教反映问题并提出建议。根据提示，时态应以一般现在时为主，人称以第三人称为主。
本文写作要求较高，要求考生以邮件的形式给外教反映问题并提出建议，实用性和建设性较强。需要考生从两个方面去写。一是说明原来老师准备的口语练习方式不妥，但要注意用词语气，因为收信人即自己的老师；二是提出合理化的建议，而这个建议就是基于原计划出现的问题。
文体特点
建议信通常是写给家人或朋友，对于对方在生活、工作、求学等过程中遇到的实际问题或困惑提供看法、指导或给予对方所需要的建议，或对于对方不明智的举动进行劝勉、告诫或展开讨论。建议信的写作目的是提出建议或忠告，不是投诉信。观点要合情合理，注意礼貌当先。
语料库
内容详见《考前冲刺攻略》P13、P18。
篇章结构
结构A Para.1：表达自己的观点
Para.2：具体描述问题
Para.3：你的建议
结构B Para.1：邮件目的
Para.2：说明随机分组弊端并提出建议
Para.3: 期盼建议被采纳
写作进阶
1 CHUNK BUILDING︱汉译英
1.训练，培训n.
2.随机地，随意地adv.
3.控制，支配v.
4.高阶的，高等的adj.
5.谈话，交谈n.
6.改善v.
7.令人不舒服的adj.
8.积极的adj.
training
randomly
dominate
advanced
conversation
improve
uncomfortable
motivated
9.分组
10.与……相处
11.与……交流/沟通
pair up
get along with
communicate with
2 SENTENCE BUILDING︱从上题选择词块并用其适当形式完成句子
1.These teachers need special .
2.Researchers took 60 adults and __________ split them into three groups of 20.
3.I largely work with people who already are .
4.Dolphins use sound each other.
5.I hope you can give me some suggestions on how others.
6.Arsenal the first half of the match.
7.I had a long with her the other day.
training
randomly
motivated
to communicate with
to get along with
dominated
conversation
8.I couldn’t sleep because the bed was so
9.His quality of life dramatically since the operation.
10.There were only three of us on the course.
11.When she finished the mending, she the socks.
uncomfortable
has improved
advanced
paired up
3 SENTENCE BUILDING︱根据所给中文和括号内的提示翻译句子
1.对学生随机分组可能会导致组内语言能力不平衡。(v.-ing短语作主语)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
2.我认为课后把学生随机分组进行英语口语训练不是个好主意。(it作形式主语；否定转移)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Randomly pairing up students may lead to unbalanced language abilities within the groups.
I think it’s not a good idea to randomly pair up students for the spoken English training after class.
3.这可能会阻碍学生的进步，因为高阶英语学生可能会主导谈话，给其他学生留下很少的进步空间。(as引导状语从句；v.-ing短语作状语)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
4.我的建议是根据学生的语言能力来分组。(动词不定式短语作表语；
v.-ed短语作状语)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
This can hinder the progress of students as the advanced students may dominate the conversation, leaving little room for the other students to improve.
My suggestion is to group students based on their language abilities.
5.这样，大家一起练习和提高英语口语时就会更舒服。(v.-ing短语作状
语)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
6.此外，如果与一个他们相处不好或沟通有困难的人组对，学生可能会感到不舒服或缺乏动力。(if引导的状语从句的省略句；who引导定语从句)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
This way, everyone can feel more comfortable when practicing and improving their spoken English together.
Besides, students may feel uncomfortable or less motivated if paired with someone who they don’t get along well with or have difficulty communicating with.
4 TEXT BUILDING︱从上题中选择句子放在文中适当的位置
Dear Ryan,
I’m Li Hua from Class 3. A
B This can hinder the progress of students as the advanced students may dominate the conversation, leaving little room for the other students to improve. C
D This way, everyone can feel more comfortable when practicing and improving their spoken English together.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
2
1
6
4
[2023·全国乙卷]
学校英语报组织同学们分享自己在暑假所学到的新技能，请你以此为主题写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1. 简要描述； 2. 体验和感受。
注意：1.词数100左右； 2.题目已为你写好。
Leaning A New Skill
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
解读
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求学生以“Leaning A New Skill”为题写一篇短文投稿。根据提示，时态应以一般过去式和一般现在时为主，人称以第一人称为主。
同学们的暑假生活丰富多彩，描述自己在暑假中所学到的一项新技能也并不是一件难事，但要注意这种新技能不应是一种学习上的解题技巧，而是生活中的小窍门或新技能，如学会了骑单车、放风筝、做烘焙、自制简单家具、插花、剪纸、修理钟表、使用无人机等。还要注意的是，它不是一项创新发明。
文体特点
投稿是投稿人根据征稿要求进行写作，将自己的作品投寄给报社、杂志社、出版社、网站等媒介，期望被采用，从而得以发表的行为。所投稿件应紧贴主题，内容应新颖、创新、实用，符合词数要求等。写这种短文不仅要用应用文的常规写法，还需要具备一定的说明文或议论文的写作知识。
语料库
内容详见《考前冲刺攻略》P1、P5、P9。
篇章结构
结构A Para.1: 简单介绍自己在暑假(可以是今年暑假或去年暑假)学到的一项新技能
Para.2: 详细描述学习新技能的过程和经历
Para.3: 简要总结自己学习新技能的感受
结构B Para.1: 详细描述学习新技能的过程和经历
Para.2: 简要总结自己学习新技能的感受
写作进阶
1 CHUNK BUILDING︱汉译英
1.紧张的adj.
2.勇敢的adj.
3.教练n.
4.基本因素n.
5.平衡n.
6.肌肉n.
7.克服v.
8.经历n.
nervous
brave
coach
basics
balance
muscle
overcome
experience
9.自信的adj.
10.重要性n.
11.毅力n.
12.学着做，开始做
13.加强，增强
14.总之
confident
importance
perseverance
take up
strengthen
in conclusion
2 SENTENCE BUILDING︱从上题选择词块并用其适当形式完成句子
1.She injury to win the Olympic gold medal.
2.The novelist draws heavily on her personal .
3.She became so that she shook violently.
4.He appeared relaxed and before the match.
5.At the meeting he stressed the of careful preparation.
6.Dieting and exercising can bring your weight under control but you must stick to your plan with .
7.He ________ golf at the age of seven.
overcame
experiences
nervous
confident
importance
perseverance
took up
8.He lost his and fell down the stairs.
9.The exercises are designed to your stomach muscles.
10. , walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable, and readily available form of exercise.
balance
strengthen
In conclusion
3 SENTENCE BUILDING︱根据所给中文和括号内的提示翻译句子
1.一开始，我对学习游泳很紧张，因为我不知道怎么游泳。(because引导状语从句)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
2.总之，学习游泳对我来说是一次很棒的经历。(v.-ing短语作主语)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
3.去年夏天，我把游泳当作一项新技能来学习。(as用作介词)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
At first, I was really nervous about learning to swim because I didn’t know how to swim.
In conclusion, learning to swim has been a great experience for me.
Last summer, I took up swimming as a new skill.
4.它帮助我变得更勇敢，更自信，并教会了我坚持不懈的重要性。(and连接并列句)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
5.它不仅帮助我提高了我的平衡能力，还帮助我强健了我的肌肉。(not only…but also…)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
It has helped me to become braver, more confident and taught me the importance of perseverance.
It has helped me not only improve my balance but also strengthen my muscles.
4 TEXT BUILDING︱从上题中选择句子放在文中适当的位置
Leaning A New Skill
A
B However, with the help of my coach, I learned the basics of swimming in just a few weeks.
Swimming has brought me many benefits. C I’ve also learned to overcome my fear of water and be brave enough to try new things.
D It has helped me to become braver, more confident and taught me the importance of perseverance.
3
1
5
2
[2022·全国Ⅰ卷]
假定你是校广播站英语节目“Talk and Talk”的负责人李华，请给外教Caroline写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。内容包括：
1.节目介绍； 2.访谈的时间和话题。
注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Caroline,
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
解读
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求学生给外教写一封邮件邀请她做一次访谈。根据提示，时态应以一般现在时为主，人称以第二人称为主。
文体特点
邀请信(邮件)是邀请亲朋好友等参加某项活动时所发出的邀约性书信。邀请信一般包括介绍活动的性质、活动内容、发出邀请以及请求同意等。邀请信具有简洁、热情的特点。
语料库
内容详见《考前冲刺攻略》主题语境一和主题语境二。
篇章结构
结构A Para.1：节目介绍
Para.2：访谈的时间和话题
Para.3：表达期望与感谢
结构B Para.1：写信目的
Para.2：节目介绍及访谈的时间和话题
Para.3：表达期望与感谢
写作进阶
1 CHUNK BUILDING︱汉译英
1.建立，创立 v.
2.令人惊讶的 adj.
3.卓越的 adj.
4.邀请 n.
5.欣赏，感激 v.
6.有空的，可获得的 adj.
7.催促，敦促 v.
8.处理，应对
9.在……方面有困难
10.把……考虑在内
establish
amazing
distinguished
invitation
appreciate
available
urge
deal with
have trouble in
take… into consideration
2 SENTENCE BUILDING︱从上题选择语块并用其适当形式完成句子
1.Under its new conductor, the orchestra____________ an international reputation.
2.The most ____________thing about nature is its infinite variety.
3.He is _______________for his knowledge of physics.
4.The handbook is ____________on the Internet.
5.I accepted the ____________thankfully.
6.Your support is greatly ____________.
7.We must take positive steps ____________the problem.
established
amazing
distinguished
available
invitation
appreciated
to deal with
3 SENTENCE BUILDING︱根据所给中文和括号内的提示翻译句子
1.这是我第一次邀请您参加我们的节目。(that引导定语从句)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
2.“Talk and Talk”成立已经有十年了。 (since引导状语从句)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
3.这是一个精彩的节目，在这个节目中您可以和学生分享您的想法。(where引导定语从句)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
This is my first time that I have invited you to attend our programme.
It has been ten years since Talk and Talk was established.
This is an amazing programme where you can share your ideas with students.
4.现在，当学习英语遇到困难时，许多学生迫切想知道如何应对。 (when+doing…)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
5.如果本周日您有空的话，我和整个“Talk and Talk”的全体员工都会恭候您的光临。(if引导状语从句)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
6.如果您能考虑我的邀请，我将不胜感激。(it作形式宾语)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Now, when having trouble in learning English, plenty of students urge to know how to deal with it.
If you are available this Sunday, I together with the whole Talk and Talk staff am waiting for your coming.
I’d appreciate it if you take my invitation into consideration.
4 TEXT BUILDING︱从上题中选择句子放在文中适当的位置
Dear Caroline,
This is my first time that I have invited you to attend our programme—Talk and Talk. A This is an amazing programme where you can share your ideas with students. B As our distinguished foreign language teacher, your aid can help us a lot. If you are available this Sunday, I together with the whole Talk and Talk staff am waiting for your coming. C
Yours Sincerely,
Li Hua
2
4
6
03
技法精讲
一、明确要求，谋篇布局
1.审题
开始写作之前，必须仔细、认真地进行审题，审题一般包含以下几个方面：
审语境：根据题目设定的情景，确定文章的中心任务。
审人称：根据题目设定的情景，确定文章使用的人称。
审体裁：根据题目要求，确定文章应采用的体裁。
审格式：根据文章的体裁，如书信、通知、发言稿等，确定文章的格式和结构。
审要点：根据题目所给信息，确定写作的具体方面，如写作的角度、内容详略，要注意内容的连贯性和合理性。
审语言：根据题目设定的情景，确定文章的人称、基本时态和语体色彩等基本要素。
2.列提纲
审好题以后，要根据题目要求进行谋篇布局，列一个写作提纲，对文章的开头、主体和结尾等方面进行构思谋篇。
二、表达规范，规避错误
1.准确使用五大基本句型
(1)主语+谓语(不及物动词)
主谓结构由“主语+不及物动词”构成，常用来表示主语的动作，后面可跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。谓语的修饰语叫作状语，可出现在句首或句末，有时无状语。
The wedding主语 on the island.
婚礼将要在这座岛上举行。
(2)主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语
主谓宾结构由“主语+及物动词+宾语”构成，谓语动词具有实际意义，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能表达完整的意思。
I主语 love谓语 English literature宾语.
我喜欢英国文学。
(3)主语+系动词+表语
本结构主要用来说明主语的特征、状态、类属和身份等。系动词有三类：
表存在状态和特征的有：be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound等。
表状态延续的有：remain, stay, keep, stand, continue等。
表状态变化的有：become, get, go, run, turn, fall, grow等。
Ann主语 seemed系动词 very pleased表语.
安似乎很高兴。
(4)主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语
此句型的特点是谓语动词必须带有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语，一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。但若要先说直接宾语(事物)，后说间接宾语(人)，则要借助介词to或for等。
需要借助介词to的动词有：bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, promise, return, send, show, tell, write等。
需要借助介词for的动词有：buy, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, pay, sing, save, spare等。
They主语 gave谓语 the best chef间接宾语 a prize.直接宾语
他们给最好的厨师发了奖。
(5)主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语
本结构中，宾语后面需要有成分对其进行补充说明，这就是宾语补足语。可以充当宾语补足语的有：形容词、副词、名词、介词短语、动词不定式、v.-ing形式和v.-ed形式等。
Jenny主语 could hear谓语 them宾语 arguing outside.宾语补足语
詹妮能听到他们在外面争论。
【实践运用】
1 翻译句子，分析句子类型。
1.他学习很努力。
______________________________________________________________
2.我是一名教师。
______________________________________________________________
3.我喜欢苹果和橘子。
______________________________________________________________
He works hard.(主语+谓语)
I am a teacher.(主语+系动词+表语)
I like apples and oranges.(主语+谓语+宾语)
4.他给我买了件新裙子。
______________________________________________________________
5.我们选他当班长。
______________________________________________________________
He bought me a new dress.(主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语)
We elected him our monitor.(主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语)
2.避免常见错误
(1)拼写错误
误：receve, convient, custorms, envierenment
正：receive, convenient, customs, environment
(2)词形转换错误
误：eatting, heared, developement, happyness
正：eating, heard, development, happiness
(3)词性错误
误：I against the plan; you are supposed to coming; you should ready some gifts
正：I am against the plan; you are supposed to come; you should prepare some gifts
(4)冠词错误
误：a email, an university, Great Wall
正：an email, a university, the Great Wall
(5)运用错误
误：I cost 10 yuan on this book.
正：I spent 10 yuan on this book.
误：I finished the work on time under the help of him.
正：I finished the work on time with the help of him.
【实践运用】
2 修改病文
Notice
In order to learn more about the developement of our school, all the student are welcome to watch the short film Growing Together, which is a documentary on a history of our school.
Produced from our teachers and senior students, it reflects on years of hard work. If you are curious of the history of our school or concerned about its future, you can’t miss this excellent opportunity! It will be show in Room 1, First Teaching Building, from 7:00 pm to 8:00 pm, June 10, sunday.
We warm encourage any kind of feedback on the film from our viewers. And we are looking forward to your participate.
The Students’ Union
Notice
In order to learn more about the 1 of our school, all the 2 are welcome to watch the short film Growing Together, which is a documentary on 3 history of our school.
Produced 4 our teachers and senior students, it reflects 5on\ years of hard work. If you are curious 6 the history of our school or concerned about its future, you can’t miss this excellent opportunity! It will be 7 in Room 1, First Teaching Building, from 7:00 pm to 8:00 pm, June 10, 8.
We 9 encourage any kind of feedback on the film from our viewers.And we are looking forward to your 10.
The Students’ Union
1.developement→development 单词拼写错误。
2.student→students 名词单复数错误。根据语境可知，“所有的学生”应是复数概念，所以student应为复数形式。
3.a→the 冠词错误。根据语境可知，此处表示“我们学校的历史”，应为特指，故把a改为the。
4.from→by 运用错误。根据语境可知，此处指“由……制作”应用介词by。
5.去掉on 运用错误。这里reflect用作及物动词，意为“反映”，所以on多余。
6.of→about 运用错误。根据语境可知，此处表示“对……感到好奇”，应用be curious about。
7.show→shown/showed 词形转换错误。根据语境可知，此处应是被动语态，show的过去分词是shown或showed。
8.sunday→Sunday 单词拼写错误。Sunday(星期日)的首字母要大写。
9.warm→warmly 词性错误。根据语境可知，此处应用副词warmly修饰动词encourage。
10.participate→participation 词性错误。根据物主代词your可知，此处应用participate的名词形式participation。
3.避免常见语法错误
(1)误用时态
误：We will stay at home if it will rain tomorrow.
正：We will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.
(2)误用语态
误：The two thieves have been disappeared.
正：The two thieves have disappeared.
(3)误用主谓一致
误：The number of the students in that school are about one thousand.
正：The number of the students in that school is about one thousand.
(4)误用非谓语动词
误：Seeing from the space, Earth looks like a ball.
正：Seen from the space, Earth looks like a ball.
(5)误用语气
误：She would have come if we invited her.
正：She would have come if we had invited her.
(6)误用比较等级
误：Of the two shirts, the white one is best.
正：Of the two shirts, the white one is better.
【实践运用】
3 修改病文
Dear Chris,
I’m Li Jin, a student at Chenguang High School. I had got the news that your school will be sent teachers to my school for a week-long summer exchange. During the activity, you will give a lecture on Western art. You want to seeking advice on what topic the lecture will be about. Personally, music will be my priority.
I was interested in all kinds of music, among which jazz is my best favourite.I want to know about the history of jazz, and some famous jazz singers. I will appreciate it if you could add some sessions of enjoying jazz. Definitely, after listened to your lecture, we will benefit more a lot.
I as well as my classmates are looking forward to your arrival. Thank you for your time.
Yours,
Li Jin
Dear Chris,
I’m Li Jin, a student at Chenguang High School. I 1had\ got the news that your school will 2 teachers to my school for a week-long summer exchange. During the activity, you will give a lecture on Western art.You want to 3 advice on what topic the lecture will be about. Personally, music 4 my priority.
I 5 interested in all kinds of music, among which jazz is my 6best\ favourite. I want to know about the history of jazz, and some famous jazz singers. I 7 appreciate it if you could add some sessions of enjoying jazz.Definitely, after 8 to your lecture, we will benefit 9more\ a lot.
I as well as my classmates 10 looking forward to your arrival. Thank you for your time.
Yours,
Li Jin
1.去掉had 误用时态。根据语境可知，“我得到消息”应是过去的事情，所以应用一般过去时，而不是过去完成时，故去掉had。
2.be sent→send 误用语态。根据语境可知，your school和send(派)之间是主谓关系，所以应用主动语态。
3.seeking→seek 误用非谓语动词。want to do sth意为“想要做某事”。
4.will be→is 误用时态。根据句意可知，“音乐是我优先考虑的事情”说的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。
5.was→am 误用时态。根据语境可知，此处表示“我对各种音乐感兴
趣”，表达的是客观事实，所以应用一般现在时。
6.去掉best 误用比较等级。favourite此处用作名词，意为“最喜欢的音乐”，所以best多余。
7.will→would 误用语气。根据if you could add somesessions of enjoying jazz可知，此处也应用虚拟语气。
8.listened→listening 误用非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，after为介词，其后应用v.-ing形式。
9.去掉more 误用比较等级。根据语境可知，此处并没有比较的意义，故去掉more。
10.are→am 误用主谓一致。句子的主语后有as well as,with,along/together with等构成的短语修饰时，谓语动词应与短语前的主语保持一致。
4.避免汉语式思维
(1)汉语式表达和语序
误：We didn’t know evening has fallen.
正：Evening came before we realised it.
(2)主谓搭配不当
误：My classmates are often by bus or by bike to go to school.
正：My classmates often go to school by bus or by bike.
(3)缺少句子成分
误：Tom, who is my best friend.
正：Tom, who is my best friend, is ill.
(4)动宾搭配不当
误：My sister listens to the class very carefully.
正：My sister listens to the teacher very carefully.
(5)动词和副词搭配不当
误：A big fire broke off.
正：A big fire broke out.
(6)介宾搭配不当
误：Looking forward to hearing from your letter.
正：Looking forward to hearing from you.
(7)修饰语在句中位置不当
误：The girl has beautiful, silky hair who lives high in the mountains.
正：The girl, who lives high in the mountains, has beautiful, silky hair.
【实践运用】
4 修改病文
Dear Alex,
It’s really tough say “goodbye”. Words fail convey my endless appreciation to you in this letter, as you’ve done so much to me.
Undoubtedly, it was your support and encouragement that lit on my face when I was confronted difficulties in English learning; it was your efforts and patience that motivated me to work harder. Whenever you are free, you would help me practice oral English by correct my pronunciation, intonation and grammar. Had it not been for your selfless assistance, I couldn’t made so much progress in English.
Thanks again your generous help with my English learning.Wish a safe journey home and a happy life in the future.
Yours,
Li Hua
Dear Alex,
It’s really tough 1∧to say “goodbye”. Words fail 2∧to convey my endless appreciation to you in this letter, as you’ve done so much 3 me.
Undoubtedly, it was your support and encouragement that lit 4 my face when I was confronted 5∧with difficulties in English learning; it was your efforts and patience that motivated me to work harder. Whenever you 6 free, you would help me practice oral English by 7 my pronunciation, intonation and grammar. Had it not been for your selfless assistance, I couldn’t 8∧have made so much progress in English.
Thanks again 9∧for your generous help with my Englishlearning. Wish 10∧you a safe journey home and a happy life in the future.
Yours,
Li Hua
1.say前加to 汉语式表达。此处It是形式主语，真正的主语是to say “goodbye”，所以在say前加to。
2.fail后加to 非谓语动词。fail to do sth意为“未能做成某事”。故在fail后加to。
3.to→for 介宾搭配不当。表示“为某人所做的事情”应用for sb。
4.on→up 动词和副词搭配不当。表示“使(某人的脸或眼睛)流露出喜
悦”用light up。
5.difficulties前加with 缺少介词。be confronted with意为“面临”，所以此处缺少with。
6.are→were 误用时态。此处讲述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故把are改为were。
7.correct→correcting 介宾搭配不当。by为介词，其后的动词应用动名词。故把correct改为correcting。
8.couldn’t后加have 缺少句子成分。分析句子结构可知，本句是虚拟语气。句子表达的是过去的事情，所以主句谓语应用couldn’t have done。
9.again后加for thanks for…表示“因为……而感谢”,for表示原因，不能省略。
10.wish后加you 缺少句子成分。此处表示“祝你旅途平安”，所以句子缺少间接宾语。故在wish后加you。
三、斟词酌句， 润色添彩
1.尽力使用高级词汇
高考 “写作评分标准”中的“高级词汇”，一般指的是大纲中没有列出或没有识记要求，但在实际运用中却经常出现的词汇。在写作时，如果能适当运用高级词汇，会给阅卷老师留下良好的印象。
(1)减少使用高频词
使用高频词过多会使文章显得平淡无奇，让人觉得文章空洞无物，所以在写作中要避免使用高频词，尽量使用高级词汇。
(2)高级词汇
A.动词短语：
have a taste for, take… into consideration, enable sb to do sth, keep in mind, spare no effort to do, raise sb’s awareness of, attach importance to…
B.形容词或副词短语：
be accustomed to, be around the corner, be determined to, more than, be convinced that, be capable of doing sth…
C.其他：
be of great benefit, a variety of, as a matter of fact, attentively…
【实践运用】
5 改写句子(用相应的高级词汇改写每句中的画线部分)
1.His wife stayed with him on the trip.
______________________________________________________________
2.It appears to me that he likes music.
______________________________________________________________
3.The winter holiday is coming.
______________________________________________________________
His wife accompanied him on the trip.
It appears to me that he has a taste for music.
The winter holiday is around the corner.
4.After school, we had different kinds of activities.
______________________________________________________________
5.I will be very happy to see some improvements in this regard.
______________________________________________________________
After school, we had a variety of activities.
I will be more than happy to see some improvements in this regard.
2.适当使用高级句式
适当地运用含有高级语法结构的句式可以使文章语言丰富，可读性强。常用的高级句式有：
(1)强调句
强调句由“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分.”构成。强调句的运用可以加强语气，更加突出所表达的情感或突出某些人物/事件的重要性。
It was that experience that made me more confident.
It is Jim who helped me a lot when I was in trouble.
(2)倒装句
倒装句分为部分倒装和完全倒装两种句式。
Only in this way can we learn English well.
On the hill stands an old temple.
(3)虚拟语气
Should you accept my application, I would spare no effort to commit myself to your satisfaction.
If it had not been for your timely help, I fear the consequences might have been much more serious.
(4)省略句
If given the job, I’m sure to be a good guide.
Be careful when doing your homework.
(5)定语从句
They were well trained by their masters who had great experience in caring for these animals.
In my school, we have our own talent show every year, which has been a tradition for 15 years.
(6)名词性从句
I am quite proud of what I have achieved.
I’ve come from Mr Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.
(7)状语从句
Once the decision is made, we must carry it out.
No matter how tough the task is, we will overcome all the difficulties and succeed in the end.
(8)感叹句
How happy I was to be one of the members in this warm family!
What a wonderful time we had!
(9)非谓语结构
The airport to be completed next year will help promote tourism in this area.
With all the factors taken into consideration, I believe that you are sure to catch up with others soon.
【实践运用】
6 仿写句子
1.Only in this way can you improve your English.
You can enjoy the beauty of Tang poems only in this way.
→
2.It was in the hall that the meeting was held.
I met Tom in the park.
→
Only in this way can you enjoy the beauty of Tang poems.
It was in the park that I met Tom.
3.Generally speaking, when taken according to directions, the drug has no side effect.
When he was asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting.
→
4.What a beautiful voice she has!
He is a good student.
→
When asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting.
What a good student he is!
5.I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash.
John felt miserable, because there is no one to talk to.
→
With no one to talk to, John felt miserable.
3.灵活运用过渡词语
常用的逻辑词可以表示并列关系、顺序关系和因果关系等。
(1)并列/递进关系
and, furthermore, more than that, also, likewise, moreover, in addition, what is more, for instance, for example, similarly, not only… but also…
(2)转折/让步关系
although, however, on the contrary, but, in spite of, nevertheless, yet, otherwise, despite, even though/if, while, rather than, instead of, as, though
(3)顺序关系
first, second, third, then, after, before, next, to begin with, finally
(4)因果关系
as a result, for, thus, because, for this reason, so, therefore, as, since, consequently, on account of, in view of, so that
(5)条件关系
as long as, if only, unless, providing, if, in case of
(6)陈述事实
to tell you the truth, as a matter of fact, similarly, for example/instance, such as, take… as an example, in other words, to be honest, honestly speaking, in this case, in that case
(7)表示观点
personally, in my opinion, as far as I’m concerned, in my view
(8)总结语
therefore/thus, in conclusion, in brief, on the whole, to sum up, in summary, all in all
【实践运用】
7 翻译句子
1.租金合理，而且位置绝佳。
______________________________________________________________
2.总之，地方政府需要采取措施改善城市里的交通。
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
3.首先，它是中华文明的象征。
______________________________________________________________
The rent is reasonable and, moreover, the location isperfect.
In conclusion, the local government needs to takemeasures to better the traffic in the city.
To start with, it’s a symbol of Chinese civilisation.
4.然而，其余的人却持不同观点。
______________________________________________________________
5.我认为，我们应该养成良好的阅读习惯。
______________________________________________________________
However, the rest hold different opinions.
As far as I’m concerned, we should develop a good habit of reading.
四、通篇检查，打磨首尾
(一)打磨开头
申请信
1.I’m…, from Class One, Senior Two.
2.I have read in the newspaper that a secretary is wanted in your company.
3.I read the announcement of the Experience Life that you have posted on the Internet and I am interested in it.
4.I am extremely pleased to see your advertisement for an English tutor in the newspaper.
5.I am writing to apply for the summer camp in your school.
6.I am writing to tell you that I’m suitable for the job you are advertising.
7.I am writing to inquire about the possibility of the job.
8.I am writing to join the company.
9.I would like to apply for it during the summer vacation.
邀请信
1.I’m… from… School, president of the Students’ Union.
2.An English-speaking contest of our school will be held on August 6.
3.There will be a party in my garden on Sunday.
4.I’d like to invite you to judge…
5.I’m writing to invite you to…
6.I wonder if you can come to…
7.We sincerely hope you can attend it.
8.It’s my pleasure/a great honour for me to invite you to…
9.It’s a pity that you have to go back to America soon. So a farewell party for you will be held in the Sun Club this Saturday evening. Could you come at 6 pm
回复询问信/告知信
1.I’m writing to tell you something concerning/regarding/related to…
2.I feel greatly honoured to be asked to contact you, informing you of…
3.In reply to your letter/email about…, I would like to inform you of some details relevant to…
4.Thank you for your last letter asking about our library.
5.My schedule for the coming summer vacation goes as follows.
6.I’m so glad to learn that you are coming in September.I’ve found a place for you.
7.I’m so happy to know that you are interested in traditional Chinese arts from your letter.
8.How time flies! I am more than delighted to receive your email. It’s a pleasure for me to inform you of my plan of this coming summer vacation after the college entrance examination.
9.I read in a newspaper today that the foreigners’ talent show “Learn Chinese, Sing Chinese Songs” will be held in Beijing Television Station on July 18.
10.I am more than glad to receive your email asking for my plan about the coming summer holiday.I have worked out my schedule. My plans/arrangements are as follows.
建议信
1.I’m sorry to hear that you are having trouble fitting in with your new school. Such problems are quite normal. Perhaps the following suggestions are helpful.
2.I have received your letter saying you plan to pay a visit to China next month. Perhaps the following suggestions are helpful to you.
3.I’m writing to you to present what I think on the further improvement of our hotel so as to attract more clients.
4.You have asked me for my advice with regard to how to learn Chinese, and I will try to make some suggestions here.
5.I’m very glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to fit in with the new school. Here are a few suggestions.
6.I’m very glad to have received your email. Now I’m writing to give you some advice on how to learn English well in high school.
推荐信
1.I am writing to recommend to you…
2.I would like to recommend to you…
3.It is a great honour for me to recommend to you…
4.I take the pleasure in recommending to you…
演讲稿/欢迎词
1.I am honoured to…
2.I am honoured to have a chance to speak to you today.
3.I am honoured to be here on such a special occasion.
4.It’s my (great) honour to…
5.Good morning.Today I’m going to talk about…
6.It’s my great pleasure to stand here to introduce…
道歉信
1.I am writing this letter to express my regret…
2.I am writing to apologise for…
3.I would like to give you my apology for…
4.I am very sorry to say that…
5.I must apologise about (not) doing…
6.Please accept my sincere apology for…
7.I am writing to say sorry for…
8.I am terribly sorry, but…
求助信
1.I’m writing to seek your assistance with the trouble I’m faced with.
2.I’m Li Hua, a Chinese student taking summer courses in your university. I’m writing to ask for help.
3.I’m Li Hua, a student of summer courses here. I’m writing to request you to help me with my puzzles.
4.I’m Li Hua, a student of summer courses here. I’m sorry to trouble you but I do have some problems and I need your guidance.
5.I’m Li Hua, a student of summer courses here. I sincerely request you to help me with the trouble I’m faced with.
6.My full name is Li Hua, a student of summer courses here. I’m writing this letter to report some of the problems and puzzles I encountered when learning the course of Business English.
感谢信
1.I am writing to express/show/extend my sincere gratitude/appreciation/thanks for…
2.I would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks to you for…
投诉信
1.There are some problems with my flat so I wish to attract your attention.
2.I can hardly bear/tolerate/put up with it any more.
3.I’m afraid I have a complaint to make.
4.That’s not what I want.
5.It’s not what I hoped for.
6.That leaves a lot to be desired.
7.That doesn’t quite suit me.
8.I’m not at all satisfied with the surroundings here.
9.I’m really very annoyed about it.
10.I am writing to you to complain about…
11.I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with…
询问信
1.I am writing this letter to express my keen interest in your advertisement about your six-week English course.
2.I am writing for more/further information about the six-week English course.
3.I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with more information regarding the six-week English course in your advertisement.
4.I’ve seen your advertisement and I am greatly interested in your six-week English course. Could you be kind enough to tell me some details about it
5.I am glad to learn in your advertisement that you provide a six-week English course. Would you please inform me of more details about it
6.I’m greatly interested in your advertisement. I would be grateful if you could provide me with certain details about the six-week English course.
7.I happened to see your advertisement about your six-week English course and I am really interested in it, for I plan to go to Britain to attend a summer school during the vacation.
倡议书
1.It’s important to take care of the… because it is good for…
2.The… play(s) an important role in our life, so we should try to…
日记/周记
1.Yesterday afternoon I attended the English speech contest held by my school.
2.The sun was shining and the birds were singing.
3.This morning, I witnessed a traffic accident on my way to school, which still sticks in my mind.
4.It was the most exciting moment that I have ever experienced.
5.All through my senior high school, I couldn’t forget…
通知/启事
1.Hello, everybody/everyone.
2.Ladies and gentlemen…
3.May I have your attention, please I have an announcement to make.
4.Attention, please! I have something important to tell you.
(二)打磨结尾
申请信
1.I will be much grateful if you can give me the opportunity.
2.I hope you can offer me the opportunity.
3.I hope I can be accepted as a member of your summer camp.
4.If you need to know more about me, please contact me at…
5.I am looking forward to your early reply.
6.I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.
邀请信
1.Will you be available during that time Please contact me at 1234567 at your earliest convenience.
2.Would you please let me know as soon as possible if you can accept my invitation
3.We will feel much honoured if you could come.
4.We are looking forward to your coming.
5.I am longing to see you soon.
6.I’m eager to see you soon in Beijing.Wish you in advance a pleasant trip to Beijing.
回复询问信
1.I hope you will find it practical.
2.I hope everything will be fine with you in the future.
3.I hope you have a pleasant vacation despite my disturbing you.
4.If you have any question, please let me know.
5.If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.
6.If you have any other questions, please don’t hesitate to turn to me for help.
7.Do you like the tourist attraction I recommend If not, I can try to find another place for you. Just let me know.
建议信
1.I hope these suggestions will be of use to you. Remember that where there is a will, there is a way. The man who has made up his mind to win will never say “impossible”.
2.I sincerely hope my advice will be of some help to you.
3.I hope that my suggestions are helpful to you anyway. I would be more than happy to see your improvement.
4.I hope that you can take my suggestions into serious account. Whatever you decide to do, good luck to you!
5.I sincerely hope my advice will be helpful. If there is more I can do to help, please let me know.
6.I hope you can take careful consideration of my advice. I would be ready to discuss about this matter with you to further details.
推荐信
1.If he can join your company, he will give full play to his talent. And your company will also be greatly benefited. So I strongly recommend… to you.
2.In a word, he would be a good choice. I would be grateful if you would like to consider my recommendation.
3.I hope you can give him a chance. I believe he will make a great contribution to your company.
4.I hope that you would take my recommendation into consideration/account.
演讲稿/欢迎词
1.I wish you the best luck in everything you do.
2.I look forward to seeing you again.
3.Best wishes for a very successful…!
4.Thank you for your listening.
5.You’re indeed wonderful audiences.
道歉信
1.Once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience it may have caused.
2.Please allow me to say sorry again.
3.Hope you can accept my apologies and understand my situation.
4.I sincerely hope that you will be able to think in my position and accept my apologies.
5.I want to let you know how regretful I am feeling now.
求助信
1.I’m eager to get your timely help./I’m eager for your timely help.
2.I will be very grateful if you could help me…
3.I would appreciate it if you could do me a favour and…
4.I would appreciate it if you could take my request into consideration.
5.I’d be grateful if you could really give/lend me a hand.
感谢信
1.Thanks again for your kind help.
2.My true gratitude is beyond any word’s description.
3.Your help is very much appreciated by each one of us.
4.Nothing will be able to erase our wonderful memories, and we will…
5.Thank you so much for the gift you sent me. It’s one of the most wonderful gifts I’ve ever got.
6.Many thanks for all the good things you have done in helping us.
7.I would like to take this opportunity to express my great appreciation for your timely help and assistance.
8.On behalf of my whole family, I would like to extend my sincere gratitude for…
投诉信
1.I hope that you will consider my suggestions and improve the situation as best as you can.
2.I hope that you will take this matter seriously and make an effort to prevent the recurrence of this kind.
3.I hope you can give me a satisfying reply and deal with this matter reasonably.
4.I must warn you that you must do something about the situation, or I will be forced to take legal action.
5.I will appreciate your willingness to make up for the loss.
询问信
1.I am looking forward to your early reply.
2.I’m expecting your quick reply.
3.Your early reply would be greatly appreciated.
4.I would be grateful if you could reply to me soon.
5.Thank you for your kindness, and your prompt attention to this letter will be highly appreciated.
6.I would appreciate it if you could provide me with the above details as soon as possible.
倡议书
1.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that…
2.We senior students should set a good example to…
3.So let’s offer our pocket money to them! Thank you.
日记/周记
1.In the years that followed the event frequently floated in my mind/often occurred to me.
2.On the way back, we were laughing and talking all the time.
3.Although we were tired, we felt very happy. I think it’s our duty to cover our country with green.
通知/启事
1.Those who are interested in the activity are welcome.
2.Those who want to take part in it please sign up at the Students’ Union.
3.Please come and join us. Everyone is welcome to attend it.
4.Remember to take your hats and gloves.
5.Remember that hats and water are required.
6.Please arrive on time and don’t be late.
7.You might as well take a camera in case you want to take some photos of the beautiful scenery.
8.Please pass on this message to those who are not here today.
9.I hope that you will have a nice time there.
10.I am sure you will have a good time there/then.
11.I believe you will have a wonderful time then.
12.I think you will enjoy it very much.
13.There’s sure to be a lot of fun.Everyone is welcome.
14.Good luck.
15.That’s all.Thank you.
五、书写工整，卷面整洁
高考英语书面表达评分标准规定：“拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对内容的影响程度予以考虑。英、美式拼写均可接受；如书写较差，以至于影响了对内容的理解，分数将降低一个档次”。由此可见，书写工整和卷面整洁是获得高分的重要方面。作答时要规避低级的拼写错误。另外，卷面整洁是书面表达获得高分的重要因素之一，在作答时要做到尽量不乱涂改，字母大小合适、间距适中，书写时落笔有力。
04
巩固自评
A
假定你是李华，你上周参加了你市组织的英语话剧比赛(English Drama Competition)并取得了较好的成绩。你的外教Mr White此前给予了你很多帮助和鼓励。请你给他写封电子邮件表达谢意，内容包括：
1.告知好消息； 2.感谢他的帮助和鼓励； 3.邀请他到你家做客。
注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr White,
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
I’m glad to tell you that I performed well in the English Drama Competition held in our city last week.
Honestly speaking, I couldn’t have done such a good job without your help and encouragement. Every time I practised my part, it was you who accompanied me, pointed out where I could improve, and told me how to do it better.
I’m wondering if it is convenient for you to come to my home so that I can cook authentic Chinese food for you as a treat. Looking forward to your reply.
B
你擅长中国书法，最近创作了一幅作品，准备参加在新西兰举办的青少年书法展。应参赛方要求，你需要为作品写一份英文介绍，内容包括：
1.创作目的； 2.作品简介； 3.观展要求。
注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
An Introduction to My Work
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
I love Chinese calligraphy and I’m good at it. The Chinese characters carry rich meanings and unique beauty and spirit. To spread their beauty and spirit, I wrote four Chinese characters to participate in the exhibition.
On a 50 by 50 cm sheet,I wrote four Chinese characters with a Chinese brush—Tian Dao Chou Qin, which means “Hard work pays off”. It is my favourite motto which pushes me through hard times.
Viewed at a distance of three meters, the work will have an unimaginable effect. Remember not to touch or use the flash while taking photos. Hope you enjoy the calligraphy exhibition!
英语高考应用文写作指导
01
考情分析
年份 卷别 语篇类型 主题 命题形式
2023 全国乙卷 投稿 假期学得的一项新技能 提纲式、半开放式
全国甲卷 投稿 写一位中国历史人物 新课标Ⅰ卷 邮件 英语口语分组存在的问题和建议 2022 全国乙卷 投稿 课外英语学习方式 全国甲卷 投稿 海洋保护 全国新高考Ⅰ卷 邮件 邀请外教参加访谈 2021 全国乙卷 发言稿 在线学习 全国甲卷 邮件 了解哪些中国传统文化更吸引外国友人 全国新高考Ⅰ卷 投稿 读报的经历和喜爱的栏目 规律 总结 1. 试题富有时代性、实用性、创新性和综合性，贴近生活，让学生有话可说。
2. 多属控制性写作，有提示，越来越注重创设情境，注重英语思维。
3. 融入中华文化，坚定四个自信。写作话题以文化类居多，倡导传承中华文化，立足家国情怀，体现文化自信。
4. 落实五育并举，深化体美劳教育。命题形式以活动类介绍为主，如校园活动、农场劳动、体育活动等，情景真实，贴近学生生活。
5. 关注社会热点，与时俱进。传播社会正能量，弘扬人间真善美，倡导和谐人际关系，宣传科学探索精神。
6. 立足世界，开拓视野。助推人类命运共同体建设，宣传跨文化交流。
备考 建议 1.加强话题储备，精心积累写作素材。
2.注意分类训练，熟悉各类文体框架。
3.认真审题，抓住要点。
4.书写规范，卷面整洁。
赋分标准
(一)评分细则
1.按档给分
本题满分15分，分五个档次进行评分。
先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。如果应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，即使语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，也不扣分，因为这些错误是考生尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致。
2.根据内容和语言划档
评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性、上下文的连贯性及语言的得体性。
评分的核心：
要点的完整性、语法的准确性、词汇的高级性、结构的复杂性、行文的连贯性和语言的得体性。
3.限制词数
词数少于60和多于100的，从总分中减去2分。
4.小细节大作用
拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。如书写较差，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。
(二)各档次的给分范围和要求
档次 描述
第五档 (13-15 分) 完成了试题规定的任务。
——覆盖所有内容要点。
——应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。
——语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致。
——有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑，完全达到了预期的写作目的。
续表
档次 描述
第四档 (10-12 分) 完成了试题规定的任务。
——虽漏掉一两个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。
——应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。
——语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。
——应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。
第三档 (7-9分) 基本完成了试题规定的任务。
——虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。
——应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。
——有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。
——应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文内容连贯。
整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。
第二档 (4-6分) 未恰当完成试题规定的任务。
——漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。
——语法结构单调，词汇知识有限。
——有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。
——较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。
信息未能清楚地传达给读者。
续表
档次 描述
第一档 (1-3分) 未完成试题规定的任务。
——明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。
——语法结构单调，词汇知识有限。
——较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。
——缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。
信息未能传达给读者。
零档 (0分) 未能传达给读者任何信息，内容太少，无法评判；所写内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。
易失分点
失分点 描述
审题 审题不清：人称、主要时态、写作形式运用失当。
内容 要点 要点遗漏、含糊，扩展不当，偏离主题。
续表
失分点 描述
语言 表达 (1)词法：①单词拼写错误；②词性使用混乱；③词组搭配错误；④使用汉语拼音。
(2)句法：①无句子意识；②英汉表达转换能力弱；③动词时态、语态误用；④连词误用；⑤标点使用不当；⑥句式搭配不当；⑦大小写不分。
(3)章法：①分段意识不强，层次不清；②无过渡语或过渡语使用不当；③结尾任意发挥， 偏离主题。
卷面 书写潦草，有涂改、增删情况。
高考作文高分卷的特点
1.形式美：字体清晰、书写工整、卷面整洁美观、段落层次分明。
2.内容美：无低级错误，语言词汇、句型结构等具有准确性、合理性、丰富性和多样性等特点。
3.逻辑美：运用恰当的连接词，文章上下衔接自然、条理清晰。
02
真题品阅
真题品阅1
真题品阅2
真题品阅3
[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]
假定你是李华，外教Ryan准备将学生随机分为两人一组，让大家课后练习口语，你认为这样分组存在问题。请你给外教写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.说明问题； 2.提出建议。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Ryan,
I’m Li Hua from Class 3.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
解读
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求学生以邮件的形式向外教反映问题并提出建议。根据提示，时态应以一般现在时为主，人称以第三人称为主。
本文写作要求较高，要求考生以邮件的形式给外教反映问题并提出建议，实用性和建设性较强。需要考生从两个方面去写。一是说明原来老师准备的口语练习方式不妥，但要注意用词语气，因为收信人即自己的老师；二是提出合理化的建议，而这个建议就是基于原计划出现的问题。
文体特点
建议信通常是写给家人或朋友，对于对方在生活、工作、求学等过程中遇到的实际问题或困惑提供看法、指导或给予对方所需要的建议，或对于对方不明智的举动进行劝勉、告诫或展开讨论。建议信的写作目的是提出建议或忠告，不是投诉信。观点要合情合理，注意礼貌当先。
语料库
内容详见《考前冲刺攻略》P13、P18。
篇章结构
结构A Para.1：表达自己的观点
Para.2：具体描述问题
Para.3：你的建议
结构B Para.1：邮件目的
Para.2：说明随机分组弊端并提出建议
Para.3: 期盼建议被采纳
写作进阶
1 CHUNK BUILDING︱汉译英
1.训练，培训n.
2.随机地，随意地adv.
3.控制，支配v.
4.高阶的，高等的adj.
5.谈话，交谈n.
6.改善v.
7.令人不舒服的adj.
8.积极的adj.
training
randomly
dominate
advanced
conversation
improve
uncomfortable
motivated
9.分组
10.与……相处
11.与……交流/沟通
pair up
get along with
communicate with
2 SENTENCE BUILDING︱从上题选择词块并用其适当形式完成句子
1.These teachers need special .
2.Researchers took 60 adults and __________ split them into three groups of 20.
3.I largely work with people who already are .
4.Dolphins use sound each other.
5.I hope you can give me some suggestions on how others.
6.Arsenal the first half of the match.
7.I had a long with her the other day.
training
randomly
motivated
to communicate with
to get along with
dominated
conversation
8.I couldn’t sleep because the bed was so
9.His quality of life dramatically since the operation.
10.There were only three of us on the course.
11.When she finished the mending, she the socks.
uncomfortable
has improved
advanced
paired up
3 SENTENCE BUILDING︱根据所给中文和括号内的提示翻译句子
1.对学生随机分组可能会导致组内语言能力不平衡。(v.-ing短语作主语)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
2.我认为课后把学生随机分组进行英语口语训练不是个好主意。(it作形式主语；否定转移)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Randomly pairing up students may lead to unbalanced language abilities within the groups.
I think it’s not a good idea to randomly pair up students for the spoken English training after class.
3.这可能会阻碍学生的进步，因为高阶英语学生可能会主导谈话，给其他学生留下很少的进步空间。(as引导状语从句；v.-ing短语作状语)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
4.我的建议是根据学生的语言能力来分组。(动词不定式短语作表语；
v.-ed短语作状语)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
This can hinder the progress of students as the advanced students may dominate the conversation, leaving little room for the other students to improve.
My suggestion is to group students based on their language abilities.
5.这样，大家一起练习和提高英语口语时就会更舒服。(v.-ing短语作状
语)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
6.此外，如果与一个他们相处不好或沟通有困难的人组对，学生可能会感到不舒服或缺乏动力。(if引导的状语从句的省略句；who引导定语从句)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
This way, everyone can feel more comfortable when practicing and improving their spoken English together.
Besides, students may feel uncomfortable or less motivated if paired with someone who they don’t get along well with or have difficulty communicating with.
4 TEXT BUILDING︱从上题中选择句子放在文中适当的位置
Dear Ryan,
I’m Li Hua from Class 3. A
B This can hinder the progress of students as the advanced students may dominate the conversation, leaving little room for the other students to improve. C
D This way, everyone can feel more comfortable when practicing and improving their spoken English together.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
2
1
6
4
[2023·全国乙卷]
学校英语报组织同学们分享自己在暑假所学到的新技能，请你以此为主题写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1. 简要描述； 2. 体验和感受。
注意：1.词数100左右； 2.题目已为你写好。
Leaning A New Skill
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
解读
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求学生以“Leaning A New Skill”为题写一篇短文投稿。根据提示，时态应以一般过去式和一般现在时为主，人称以第一人称为主。
同学们的暑假生活丰富多彩，描述自己在暑假中所学到的一项新技能也并不是一件难事，但要注意这种新技能不应是一种学习上的解题技巧，而是生活中的小窍门或新技能，如学会了骑单车、放风筝、做烘焙、自制简单家具、插花、剪纸、修理钟表、使用无人机等。还要注意的是，它不是一项创新发明。
文体特点
投稿是投稿人根据征稿要求进行写作，将自己的作品投寄给报社、杂志社、出版社、网站等媒介，期望被采用，从而得以发表的行为。所投稿件应紧贴主题，内容应新颖、创新、实用，符合词数要求等。写这种短文不仅要用应用文的常规写法，还需要具备一定的说明文或议论文的写作知识。
语料库
内容详见《考前冲刺攻略》P1、P5、P9。
篇章结构
结构A Para.1: 简单介绍自己在暑假(可以是今年暑假或去年暑假)学到的一项新技能
Para.2: 详细描述学习新技能的过程和经历
Para.3: 简要总结自己学习新技能的感受
结构B Para.1: 详细描述学习新技能的过程和经历
Para.2: 简要总结自己学习新技能的感受
写作进阶
1 CHUNK BUILDING︱汉译英
1.紧张的adj.
2.勇敢的adj.
3.教练n.
4.基本因素n.
5.平衡n.
6.肌肉n.
7.克服v.
8.经历n.
nervous
brave
coach
basics
balance
muscle
overcome
experience
9.自信的adj.
10.重要性n.
11.毅力n.
12.学着做，开始做
13.加强，增强
14.总之
confident
importance
perseverance
take up
strengthen
in conclusion
2 SENTENCE BUILDING︱从上题选择词块并用其适当形式完成句子
1.She injury to win the Olympic gold medal.
2.The novelist draws heavily on her personal .
3.She became so that she shook violently.
4.He appeared relaxed and before the match.
5.At the meeting he stressed the of careful preparation.
6.Dieting and exercising can bring your weight under control but you must stick to your plan with .
7.He ________ golf at the age of seven.
overcame
experiences
nervous
confident
importance
perseverance
took up
8.He lost his and fell down the stairs.
9.The exercises are designed to your stomach muscles.
10. , walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable, and readily available form of exercise.
balance
strengthen
In conclusion
3 SENTENCE BUILDING︱根据所给中文和括号内的提示翻译句子
1.一开始，我对学习游泳很紧张，因为我不知道怎么游泳。(because引导状语从句)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
2.总之，学习游泳对我来说是一次很棒的经历。(v.-ing短语作主语)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
3.去年夏天，我把游泳当作一项新技能来学习。(as用作介词)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
At first, I was really nervous about learning to swim because I didn’t know how to swim.
In conclusion, learning to swim has been a great experience for me.
Last summer, I took up swimming as a new skill.
4.它帮助我变得更勇敢，更自信，并教会了我坚持不懈的重要性。(and连接并列句)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
5.它不仅帮助我提高了我的平衡能力，还帮助我强健了我的肌肉。(not only…but also…)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
It has helped me to become braver, more confident and taught me the importance of perseverance.
It has helped me not only improve my balance but also strengthen my muscles.
4 TEXT BUILDING︱从上题中选择句子放在文中适当的位置
Leaning A New Skill
A
B However, with the help of my coach, I learned the basics of swimming in just a few weeks.
Swimming has brought me many benefits. C I’ve also learned to overcome my fear of water and be brave enough to try new things.
D It has helped me to become braver, more confident and taught me the importance of perseverance.
3
1
5
2
[2022·全国Ⅰ卷]
假定你是校广播站英语节目“Talk and Talk”的负责人李华，请给外教Caroline写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。内容包括：
1.节目介绍； 2.访谈的时间和话题。
注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Caroline,
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
解读
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求学生给外教写一封邮件邀请她做一次访谈。根据提示，时态应以一般现在时为主，人称以第二人称为主。
文体特点
邀请信(邮件)是邀请亲朋好友等参加某项活动时所发出的邀约性书信。邀请信一般包括介绍活动的性质、活动内容、发出邀请以及请求同意等。邀请信具有简洁、热情的特点。
语料库
内容详见《考前冲刺攻略》主题语境一和主题语境二。
篇章结构
结构A Para.1：节目介绍
Para.2：访谈的时间和话题
Para.3：表达期望与感谢
结构B Para.1：写信目的
Para.2：节目介绍及访谈的时间和话题
Para.3：表达期望与感谢
写作进阶
1 CHUNK BUILDING︱汉译英
1.建立，创立 v.
2.令人惊讶的 adj.
3.卓越的 adj.
4.邀请 n.
5.欣赏，感激 v.
6.有空的，可获得的 adj.
7.催促，敦促 v.
8.处理，应对
9.在……方面有困难
10.把……考虑在内
establish
amazing
distinguished
invitation
appreciate
available
urge
deal with
have trouble in
take… into consideration
2 SENTENCE BUILDING︱从上题选择语块并用其适当形式完成句子
1.Under its new conductor, the orchestra____________ an international reputation.
2.The most ____________thing about nature is its infinite variety.
3.He is _______________for his knowledge of physics.
4.The handbook is ____________on the Internet.
5.I accepted the ____________thankfully.
6.Your support is greatly ____________.
7.We must take positive steps ____________the problem.
established
amazing
distinguished
available
invitation
appreciated
to deal with
3 SENTENCE BUILDING︱根据所给中文和括号内的提示翻译句子
1.这是我第一次邀请您参加我们的节目。(that引导定语从句)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
2.“Talk and Talk”成立已经有十年了。 (since引导状语从句)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
3.这是一个精彩的节目，在这个节目中您可以和学生分享您的想法。(where引导定语从句)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
This is my first time that I have invited you to attend our programme.
It has been ten years since Talk and Talk was established.
This is an amazing programme where you can share your ideas with students.
4.现在，当学习英语遇到困难时，许多学生迫切想知道如何应对。 (when+doing…)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
5.如果本周日您有空的话，我和整个“Talk and Talk”的全体员工都会恭候您的光临。(if引导状语从句)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
6.如果您能考虑我的邀请，我将不胜感激。(it作形式宾语)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Now, when having trouble in learning English, plenty of students urge to know how to deal with it.
If you are available this Sunday, I together with the whole Talk and Talk staff am waiting for your coming.
I’d appreciate it if you take my invitation into consideration.
4 TEXT BUILDING︱从上题中选择句子放在文中适当的位置
Dear Caroline,
This is my first time that I have invited you to attend our programme—Talk and Talk. A This is an amazing programme where you can share your ideas with students. B As our distinguished foreign language teacher, your aid can help us a lot. If you are available this Sunday, I together with the whole Talk and Talk staff am waiting for your coming. C
Yours Sincerely,
Li Hua
2
4
6
03
技法精讲
一、明确要求，谋篇布局
1.审题
开始写作之前，必须仔细、认真地进行审题，审题一般包含以下几个方面：
审语境：根据题目设定的情景，确定文章的中心任务。
审人称：根据题目设定的情景，确定文章使用的人称。
审体裁：根据题目要求，确定文章应采用的体裁。
审格式：根据文章的体裁，如书信、通知、发言稿等，确定文章的格式和结构。
审要点：根据题目所给信息，确定写作的具体方面，如写作的角度、内容详略，要注意内容的连贯性和合理性。
审语言：根据题目设定的情景，确定文章的人称、基本时态和语体色彩等基本要素。
2.列提纲
审好题以后，要根据题目要求进行谋篇布局，列一个写作提纲，对文章的开头、主体和结尾等方面进行构思谋篇。
二、表达规范，规避错误
1.准确使用五大基本句型
(1)主语+谓语(不及物动词)
主谓结构由“主语+不及物动词”构成，常用来表示主语的动作，后面可跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。谓语的修饰语叫作状语，可出现在句首或句末，有时无状语。
The wedding主语 on the island.
婚礼将要在这座岛上举行。
(2)主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语
主谓宾结构由“主语+及物动词+宾语”构成，谓语动词具有实际意义，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能表达完整的意思。
I主语 love谓语 English literature宾语.
我喜欢英国文学。
(3)主语+系动词+表语
本结构主要用来说明主语的特征、状态、类属和身份等。系动词有三类：
表存在状态和特征的有：be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound等。
表状态延续的有：remain, stay, keep, stand, continue等。
表状态变化的有：become, get, go, run, turn, fall, grow等。
Ann主语 seemed系动词 very pleased表语.
安似乎很高兴。
(4)主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语
此句型的特点是谓语动词必须带有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语，一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。但若要先说直接宾语(事物)，后说间接宾语(人)，则要借助介词to或for等。
需要借助介词to的动词有：bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, promise, return, send, show, tell, write等。
需要借助介词for的动词有：buy, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, pay, sing, save, spare等。
They主语 gave谓语 the best chef间接宾语 a prize.直接宾语
他们给最好的厨师发了奖。
(5)主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语
本结构中，宾语后面需要有成分对其进行补充说明，这就是宾语补足语。可以充当宾语补足语的有：形容词、副词、名词、介词短语、动词不定式、v.-ing形式和v.-ed形式等。
Jenny主语 could hear谓语 them宾语 arguing outside.宾语补足语
詹妮能听到他们在外面争论。
【实践运用】
1 翻译句子，分析句子类型。
1.他学习很努力。
______________________________________________________________
2.我是一名教师。
______________________________________________________________
3.我喜欢苹果和橘子。
______________________________________________________________
He works hard.(主语+谓语)
I am a teacher.(主语+系动词+表语)
I like apples and oranges.(主语+谓语+宾语)
4.他给我买了件新裙子。
______________________________________________________________
5.我们选他当班长。
______________________________________________________________
He bought me a new dress.(主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语)
We elected him our monitor.(主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语)
2.避免常见错误
(1)拼写错误
误：receve, convient, custorms, envierenment
正：receive, convenient, customs, environment
(2)词形转换错误
误：eatting, heared, developement, happyness
正：eating, heard, development, happiness
(3)词性错误
误：I against the plan; you are supposed to coming; you should ready some gifts
正：I am against the plan; you are supposed to come; you should prepare some gifts
(4)冠词错误
误：a email, an university, Great Wall
正：an email, a university, the Great Wall
(5)运用错误
误：I cost 10 yuan on this book.
正：I spent 10 yuan on this book.
误：I finished the work on time under the help of him.
正：I finished the work on time with the help of him.
【实践运用】
2 修改病文
Notice
In order to learn more about the developement of our school, all the student are welcome to watch the short film Growing Together, which is a documentary on a history of our school.
Produced from our teachers and senior students, it reflects on years of hard work. If you are curious of the history of our school or concerned about its future, you can’t miss this excellent opportunity! It will be show in Room 1, First Teaching Building, from 7:00 pm to 8:00 pm, June 10, sunday.
We warm encourage any kind of feedback on the film from our viewers. And we are looking forward to your participate.
The Students’ Union
Notice
In order to learn more about the 1 of our school, all the 2 are welcome to watch the short film Growing Together, which is a documentary on 3 history of our school.
Produced 4 our teachers and senior students, it reflects 5on\ years of hard work. If you are curious 6 the history of our school or concerned about its future, you can’t miss this excellent opportunity! It will be 7 in Room 1, First Teaching Building, from 7:00 pm to 8:00 pm, June 10, 8.
We 9 encourage any kind of feedback on the film from our viewers.And we are looking forward to your 10.
The Students’ Union
1.developement→development 单词拼写错误。
2.student→students 名词单复数错误。根据语境可知，“所有的学生”应是复数概念，所以student应为复数形式。
3.a→the 冠词错误。根据语境可知，此处表示“我们学校的历史”，应为特指，故把a改为the。
4.from→by 运用错误。根据语境可知，此处指“由……制作”应用介词by。
5.去掉on 运用错误。这里reflect用作及物动词，意为“反映”，所以on多余。
6.of→about 运用错误。根据语境可知，此处表示“对……感到好奇”，应用be curious about。
7.show→shown/showed 词形转换错误。根据语境可知，此处应是被动语态，show的过去分词是shown或showed。
8.sunday→Sunday 单词拼写错误。Sunday(星期日)的首字母要大写。
9.warm→warmly 词性错误。根据语境可知，此处应用副词warmly修饰动词encourage。
10.participate→participation 词性错误。根据物主代词your可知，此处应用participate的名词形式participation。
3.避免常见语法错误
(1)误用时态
误：We will stay at home if it will rain tomorrow.
正：We will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.
(2)误用语态
误：The two thieves have been disappeared.
正：The two thieves have disappeared.
(3)误用主谓一致
误：The number of the students in that school are about one thousand.
正：The number of the students in that school is about one thousand.
(4)误用非谓语动词
误：Seeing from the space, Earth looks like a ball.
正：Seen from the space, Earth looks like a ball.
(5)误用语气
误：She would have come if we invited her.
正：She would have come if we had invited her.
(6)误用比较等级
误：Of the two shirts, the white one is best.
正：Of the two shirts, the white one is better.
【实践运用】
3 修改病文
Dear Chris,
I’m Li Jin, a student at Chenguang High School. I had got the news that your school will be sent teachers to my school for a week-long summer exchange. During the activity, you will give a lecture on Western art. You want to seeking advice on what topic the lecture will be about. Personally, music will be my priority.
I was interested in all kinds of music, among which jazz is my best favourite.I want to know about the history of jazz, and some famous jazz singers. I will appreciate it if you could add some sessions of enjoying jazz. Definitely, after listened to your lecture, we will benefit more a lot.
I as well as my classmates are looking forward to your arrival. Thank you for your time.
Yours,
Li Jin
Dear Chris,
I’m Li Jin, a student at Chenguang High School. I 1had\ got the news that your school will 2 teachers to my school for a week-long summer exchange. During the activity, you will give a lecture on Western art.You want to 3 advice on what topic the lecture will be about. Personally, music 4 my priority.
I 5 interested in all kinds of music, among which jazz is my 6best\ favourite. I want to know about the history of jazz, and some famous jazz singers. I 7 appreciate it if you could add some sessions of enjoying jazz.Definitely, after 8 to your lecture, we will benefit 9more\ a lot.
I as well as my classmates 10 looking forward to your arrival. Thank you for your time.
Yours,
Li Jin
1.去掉had 误用时态。根据语境可知，“我得到消息”应是过去的事情，所以应用一般过去时，而不是过去完成时，故去掉had。
2.be sent→send 误用语态。根据语境可知，your school和send(派)之间是主谓关系，所以应用主动语态。
3.seeking→seek 误用非谓语动词。want to do sth意为“想要做某事”。
4.will be→is 误用时态。根据句意可知，“音乐是我优先考虑的事情”说的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。
5.was→am 误用时态。根据语境可知，此处表示“我对各种音乐感兴
趣”，表达的是客观事实，所以应用一般现在时。
6.去掉best 误用比较等级。favourite此处用作名词，意为“最喜欢的音乐”，所以best多余。
7.will→would 误用语气。根据if you could add somesessions of enjoying jazz可知，此处也应用虚拟语气。
8.listened→listening 误用非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，after为介词，其后应用v.-ing形式。
9.去掉more 误用比较等级。根据语境可知，此处并没有比较的意义，故去掉more。
10.are→am 误用主谓一致。句子的主语后有as well as,with,along/together with等构成的短语修饰时，谓语动词应与短语前的主语保持一致。
4.避免汉语式思维
(1)汉语式表达和语序
误：We didn’t know evening has fallen.
正：Evening came before we realised it.
(2)主谓搭配不当
误：My classmates are often by bus or by bike to go to school.
正：My classmates often go to school by bus or by bike.
(3)缺少句子成分
误：Tom, who is my best friend.
正：Tom, who is my best friend, is ill.
(4)动宾搭配不当
误：My sister listens to the class very carefully.
正：My sister listens to the teacher very carefully.
(5)动词和副词搭配不当
误：A big fire broke off.
正：A big fire broke out.
(6)介宾搭配不当
误：Looking forward to hearing from your letter.
正：Looking forward to hearing from you.
(7)修饰语在句中位置不当
误：The girl has beautiful, silky hair who lives high in the mountains.
正：The girl, who lives high in the mountains, has beautiful, silky hair.
【实践运用】
4 修改病文
Dear Alex,
It’s really tough say “goodbye”. Words fail convey my endless appreciation to you in this letter, as you’ve done so much to me.
Undoubtedly, it was your support and encouragement that lit on my face when I was confronted difficulties in English learning; it was your efforts and patience that motivated me to work harder. Whenever you are free, you would help me practice oral English by correct my pronunciation, intonation and grammar. Had it not been for your selfless assistance, I couldn’t made so much progress in English.
Thanks again your generous help with my English learning.Wish a safe journey home and a happy life in the future.
Yours,
Li Hua
Dear Alex,
It’s really tough 1∧to say “goodbye”. Words fail 2∧to convey my endless appreciation to you in this letter, as you’ve done so much 3 me.
Undoubtedly, it was your support and encouragement that lit 4 my face when I was confronted 5∧with difficulties in English learning; it was your efforts and patience that motivated me to work harder. Whenever you 6 free, you would help me practice oral English by 7 my pronunciation, intonation and grammar. Had it not been for your selfless assistance, I couldn’t 8∧have made so much progress in English.
Thanks again 9∧for your generous help with my Englishlearning. Wish 10∧you a safe journey home and a happy life in the future.
Yours,
Li Hua
1.say前加to 汉语式表达。此处It是形式主语，真正的主语是to say “goodbye”，所以在say前加to。
2.fail后加to 非谓语动词。fail to do sth意为“未能做成某事”。故在fail后加to。
3.to→for 介宾搭配不当。表示“为某人所做的事情”应用for sb。
4.on→up 动词和副词搭配不当。表示“使(某人的脸或眼睛)流露出喜
悦”用light up。
5.difficulties前加with 缺少介词。be confronted with意为“面临”，所以此处缺少with。
6.are→were 误用时态。此处讲述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故把are改为were。
7.correct→correcting 介宾搭配不当。by为介词，其后的动词应用动名词。故把correct改为correcting。
8.couldn’t后加have 缺少句子成分。分析句子结构可知，本句是虚拟语气。句子表达的是过去的事情，所以主句谓语应用couldn’t have done。
9.again后加for thanks for…表示“因为……而感谢”,for表示原因，不能省略。
10.wish后加you 缺少句子成分。此处表示“祝你旅途平安”，所以句子缺少间接宾语。故在wish后加you。
三、斟词酌句， 润色添彩
1.尽力使用高级词汇
高考 “写作评分标准”中的“高级词汇”，一般指的是大纲中没有列出或没有识记要求，但在实际运用中却经常出现的词汇。在写作时，如果能适当运用高级词汇，会给阅卷老师留下良好的印象。
(1)减少使用高频词
使用高频词过多会使文章显得平淡无奇，让人觉得文章空洞无物，所以在写作中要避免使用高频词，尽量使用高级词汇。
(2)高级词汇
A.动词短语：
have a taste for, take… into consideration, enable sb to do sth, keep in mind, spare no effort to do, raise sb’s awareness of, attach importance to…
B.形容词或副词短语：
be accustomed to, be around the corner, be determined to, more than, be convinced that, be capable of doing sth…
C.其他：
be of great benefit, a variety of, as a matter of fact, attentively…
【实践运用】
5 改写句子(用相应的高级词汇改写每句中的画线部分)
1.His wife stayed with him on the trip.
______________________________________________________________
2.It appears to me that he likes music.
______________________________________________________________
3.The winter holiday is coming.
______________________________________________________________
His wife accompanied him on the trip.
It appears to me that he has a taste for music.
The winter holiday is around the corner.
4.After school, we had different kinds of activities.
______________________________________________________________
5.I will be very happy to see some improvements in this regard.
______________________________________________________________
After school, we had a variety of activities.
I will be more than happy to see some improvements in this regard.
2.适当使用高级句式
适当地运用含有高级语法结构的句式可以使文章语言丰富，可读性强。常用的高级句式有：
(1)强调句
强调句由“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分.”构成。强调句的运用可以加强语气，更加突出所表达的情感或突出某些人物/事件的重要性。
It was that experience that made me more confident.
It is Jim who helped me a lot when I was in trouble.
(2)倒装句
倒装句分为部分倒装和完全倒装两种句式。
Only in this way can we learn English well.
On the hill stands an old temple.
(3)虚拟语气
Should you accept my application, I would spare no effort to commit myself to your satisfaction.
If it had not been for your timely help, I fear the consequences might have been much more serious.
(4)省略句
If given the job, I’m sure to be a good guide.
Be careful when doing your homework.
(5)定语从句
They were well trained by their masters who had great experience in caring for these animals.
In my school, we have our own talent show every year, which has been a tradition for 15 years.
(6)名词性从句
I am quite proud of what I have achieved.
I’ve come from Mr Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.
(7)状语从句
Once the decision is made, we must carry it out.
No matter how tough the task is, we will overcome all the difficulties and succeed in the end.
(8)感叹句
How happy I was to be one of the members in this warm family!
What a wonderful time we had!
(9)非谓语结构
The airport to be completed next year will help promote tourism in this area.
With all the factors taken into consideration, I believe that you are sure to catch up with others soon.
【实践运用】
6 仿写句子
1.Only in this way can you improve your English.
You can enjoy the beauty of Tang poems only in this way.
→
2.It was in the hall that the meeting was held.
I met Tom in the park.
→
Only in this way can you enjoy the beauty of Tang poems.
It was in the park that I met Tom.
3.Generally speaking, when taken according to directions, the drug has no side effect.
When he was asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting.
→
4.What a beautiful voice she has!
He is a good student.
→
When asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting.
What a good student he is!
5.I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash.
John felt miserable, because there is no one to talk to.
→
With no one to talk to, John felt miserable.
3.灵活运用过渡词语
常用的逻辑词可以表示并列关系、顺序关系和因果关系等。
(1)并列/递进关系
and, furthermore, more than that, also, likewise, moreover, in addition, what is more, for instance, for example, similarly, not only… but also…
(2)转折/让步关系
although, however, on the contrary, but, in spite of, nevertheless, yet, otherwise, despite, even though/if, while, rather than, instead of, as, though
(3)顺序关系
first, second, third, then, after, before, next, to begin with, finally
(4)因果关系
as a result, for, thus, because, for this reason, so, therefore, as, since, consequently, on account of, in view of, so that
(5)条件关系
as long as, if only, unless, providing, if, in case of
(6)陈述事实
to tell you the truth, as a matter of fact, similarly, for example/instance, such as, take… as an example, in other words, to be honest, honestly speaking, in this case, in that case
(7)表示观点
personally, in my opinion, as far as I’m concerned, in my view
(8)总结语
therefore/thus, in conclusion, in brief, on the whole, to sum up, in summary, all in all
【实践运用】
7 翻译句子
1.租金合理，而且位置绝佳。
______________________________________________________________
2.总之，地方政府需要采取措施改善城市里的交通。
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
3.首先，它是中华文明的象征。
______________________________________________________________
The rent is reasonable and, moreover, the location isperfect.
In conclusion, the local government needs to takemeasures to better the traffic in the city.
To start with, it’s a symbol of Chinese civilisation.
4.然而，其余的人却持不同观点。
______________________________________________________________
5.我认为，我们应该养成良好的阅读习惯。
______________________________________________________________
However, the rest hold different opinions.
As far as I’m concerned, we should develop a good habit of reading.
四、通篇检查，打磨首尾
(一)打磨开头
申请信
1.I’m…, from Class One, Senior Two.
2.I have read in the newspaper that a secretary is wanted in your company.
3.I read the announcement of the Experience Life that you have posted on the Internet and I am interested in it.
4.I am extremely pleased to see your advertisement for an English tutor in the newspaper.
5.I am writing to apply for the summer camp in your school.
6.I am writing to tell you that I’m suitable for the job you are advertising.
7.I am writing to inquire about the possibility of the job.
8.I am writing to join the company.
9.I would like to apply for it during the summer vacation.
邀请信
1.I’m… from… School, president of the Students’ Union.
2.An English-speaking contest of our school will be held on August 6.
3.There will be a party in my garden on Sunday.
4.I’d like to invite you to judge…
5.I’m writing to invite you to…
6.I wonder if you can come to…
7.We sincerely hope you can attend it.
8.It’s my pleasure/a great honour for me to invite you to…
9.It’s a pity that you have to go back to America soon. So a farewell party for you will be held in the Sun Club this Saturday evening. Could you come at 6 pm
回复询问信/告知信
1.I’m writing to tell you something concerning/regarding/related to…
2.I feel greatly honoured to be asked to contact you, informing you of…
3.In reply to your letter/email about…, I would like to inform you of some details relevant to…
4.Thank you for your last letter asking about our library.
5.My schedule for the coming summer vacation goes as follows.
6.I’m so glad to learn that you are coming in September.I’ve found a place for you.
7.I’m so happy to know that you are interested in traditional Chinese arts from your letter.
8.How time flies! I am more than delighted to receive your email. It’s a pleasure for me to inform you of my plan of this coming summer vacation after the college entrance examination.
9.I read in a newspaper today that the foreigners’ talent show “Learn Chinese, Sing Chinese Songs” will be held in Beijing Television Station on July 18.
10.I am more than glad to receive your email asking for my plan about the coming summer holiday.I have worked out my schedule. My plans/arrangements are as follows.
建议信
1.I’m sorry to hear that you are having trouble fitting in with your new school. Such problems are quite normal. Perhaps the following suggestions are helpful.
2.I have received your letter saying you plan to pay a visit to China next month. Perhaps the following suggestions are helpful to you.
3.I’m writing to you to present what I think on the further improvement of our hotel so as to attract more clients.
4.You have asked me for my advice with regard to how to learn Chinese, and I will try to make some suggestions here.
5.I’m very glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to fit in with the new school. Here are a few suggestions.
6.I’m very glad to have received your email. Now I’m writing to give you some advice on how to learn English well in high school.
推荐信
1.I am writing to recommend to you…
2.I would like to recommend to you…
3.It is a great honour for me to recommend to you…
4.I take the pleasure in recommending to you…
演讲稿/欢迎词
1.I am honoured to…
2.I am honoured to have a chance to speak to you today.
3.I am honoured to be here on such a special occasion.
4.It’s my (great) honour to…
5.Good morning.Today I’m going to talk about…
6.It’s my great pleasure to stand here to introduce…
道歉信
1.I am writing this letter to express my regret…
2.I am writing to apologise for…
3.I would like to give you my apology for…
4.I am very sorry to say that…
5.I must apologise about (not) doing…
6.Please accept my sincere apology for…
7.I am writing to say sorry for…
8.I am terribly sorry, but…
求助信
1.I’m writing to seek your assistance with the trouble I’m faced with.
2.I’m Li Hua, a Chinese student taking summer courses in your university. I’m writing to ask for help.
3.I’m Li Hua, a student of summer courses here. I’m writing to request you to help me with my puzzles.
4.I’m Li Hua, a student of summer courses here. I’m sorry to trouble you but I do have some problems and I need your guidance.
5.I’m Li Hua, a student of summer courses here. I sincerely request you to help me with the trouble I’m faced with.
6.My full name is Li Hua, a student of summer courses here. I’m writing this letter to report some of the problems and puzzles I encountered when learning the course of Business English.
感谢信
1.I am writing to express/show/extend my sincere gratitude/appreciation/thanks for…
2.I would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks to you for…
投诉信
1.There are some problems with my flat so I wish to attract your attention.
2.I can hardly bear/tolerate/put up with it any more.
3.I’m afraid I have a complaint to make.
4.That’s not what I want.
5.It’s not what I hoped for.
6.That leaves a lot to be desired.
7.That doesn’t quite suit me.
8.I’m not at all satisfied with the surroundings here.
9.I’m really very annoyed about it.
10.I am writing to you to complain about…
11.I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with…
询问信
1.I am writing this letter to express my keen interest in your advertisement about your six-week English course.
2.I am writing for more/further information about the six-week English course.
3.I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with more information regarding the six-week English course in your advertisement.
4.I’ve seen your advertisement and I am greatly interested in your six-week English course. Could you be kind enough to tell me some details about it
5.I am glad to learn in your advertisement that you provide a six-week English course. Would you please inform me of more details about it
6.I’m greatly interested in your advertisement. I would be grateful if you could provide me with certain details about the six-week English course.
7.I happened to see your advertisement about your six-week English course and I am really interested in it, for I plan to go to Britain to attend a summer school during the vacation.
倡议书
1.It’s important to take care of the… because it is good for…
2.The… play(s) an important role in our life, so we should try to…
日记/周记
1.Yesterday afternoon I attended the English speech contest held by my school.
2.The sun was shining and the birds were singing.
3.This morning, I witnessed a traffic accident on my way to school, which still sticks in my mind.
4.It was the most exciting moment that I have ever experienced.
5.All through my senior high school, I couldn’t forget…
通知/启事
1.Hello, everybody/everyone.
2.Ladies and gentlemen…
3.May I have your attention, please I have an announcement to make.
4.Attention, please! I have something important to tell you.
(二)打磨结尾
申请信
1.I will be much grateful if you can give me the opportunity.
2.I hope you can offer me the opportunity.
3.I hope I can be accepted as a member of your summer camp.
4.If you need to know more about me, please contact me at…
5.I am looking forward to your early reply.
6.I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.
邀请信
1.Will you be available during that time Please contact me at 1234567 at your earliest convenience.
2.Would you please let me know as soon as possible if you can accept my invitation
3.We will feel much honoured if you could come.
4.We are looking forward to your coming.
5.I am longing to see you soon.
6.I’m eager to see you soon in Beijing.Wish you in advance a pleasant trip to Beijing.
回复询问信
1.I hope you will find it practical.
2.I hope everything will be fine with you in the future.
3.I hope you have a pleasant vacation despite my disturbing you.
4.If you have any question, please let me know.
5.If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.
6.If you have any other questions, please don’t hesitate to turn to me for help.
7.Do you like the tourist attraction I recommend If not, I can try to find another place for you. Just let me know.
建议信
1.I hope these suggestions will be of use to you. Remember that where there is a will, there is a way. The man who has made up his mind to win will never say “impossible”.
2.I sincerely hope my advice will be of some help to you.
3.I hope that my suggestions are helpful to you anyway. I would be more than happy to see your improvement.
4.I hope that you can take my suggestions into serious account. Whatever you decide to do, good luck to you!
5.I sincerely hope my advice will be helpful. If there is more I can do to help, please let me know.
6.I hope you can take careful consideration of my advice. I would be ready to discuss about this matter with you to further details.
推荐信
1.If he can join your company, he will give full play to his talent. And your company will also be greatly benefited. So I strongly recommend… to you.
2.In a word, he would be a good choice. I would be grateful if you would like to consider my recommendation.
3.I hope you can give him a chance. I believe he will make a great contribution to your company.
4.I hope that you would take my recommendation into consideration/account.
演讲稿/欢迎词
1.I wish you the best luck in everything you do.
2.I look forward to seeing you again.
3.Best wishes for a very successful…!
4.Thank you for your listening.
5.You’re indeed wonderful audiences.
道歉信
1.Once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience it may have caused.
2.Please allow me to say sorry again.
3.Hope you can accept my apologies and understand my situation.
4.I sincerely hope that you will be able to think in my position and accept my apologies.
5.I want to let you know how regretful I am feeling now.
求助信
1.I’m eager to get your timely help./I’m eager for your timely help.
2.I will be very grateful if you could help me…
3.I would appreciate it if you could do me a favour and…
4.I would appreciate it if you could take my request into consideration.
5.I’d be grateful if you could really give/lend me a hand.
感谢信
1.Thanks again for your kind help.
2.My true gratitude is beyond any word’s description.
3.Your help is very much appreciated by each one of us.
4.Nothing will be able to erase our wonderful memories, and we will…
5.Thank you so much for the gift you sent me. It’s one of the most wonderful gifts I’ve ever got.
6.Many thanks for all the good things you have done in helping us.
7.I would like to take this opportunity to express my great appreciation for your timely help and assistance.
8.On behalf of my whole family, I would like to extend my sincere gratitude for…
投诉信
1.I hope that you will consider my suggestions and improve the situation as best as you can.
2.I hope that you will take this matter seriously and make an effort to prevent the recurrence of this kind.
3.I hope you can give me a satisfying reply and deal with this matter reasonably.
4.I must warn you that you must do something about the situation, or I will be forced to take legal action.
5.I will appreciate your willingness to make up for the loss.
询问信
1.I am looking forward to your early reply.
2.I’m expecting your quick reply.
3.Your early reply would be greatly appreciated.
4.I would be grateful if you could reply to me soon.
5.Thank you for your kindness, and your prompt attention to this letter will be highly appreciated.
6.I would appreciate it if you could provide me with the above details as soon as possible.
倡议书
1.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that…
2.We senior students should set a good example to…
3.So let’s offer our pocket money to them! Thank you.
日记/周记
1.In the years that followed the event frequently floated in my mind/often occurred to me.
2.On the way back, we were laughing and talking all the time.
3.Although we were tired, we felt very happy. I think it’s our duty to cover our country with green.
通知/启事
1.Those who are interested in the activity are welcome.
2.Those who want to take part in it please sign up at the Students’ Union.
3.Please come and join us. Everyone is welcome to attend it.
4.Remember to take your hats and gloves.
5.Remember that hats and water are required.
6.Please arrive on time and don’t be late.
7.You might as well take a camera in case you want to take some photos of the beautiful scenery.
8.Please pass on this message to those who are not here today.
9.I hope that you will have a nice time there.
10.I am sure you will have a good time there/then.
11.I believe you will have a wonderful time then.
12.I think you will enjoy it very much.
13.There’s sure to be a lot of fun.Everyone is welcome.
14.Good luck.
15.That’s all.Thank you.
五、书写工整，卷面整洁
高考英语书面表达评分标准规定：“拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对内容的影响程度予以考虑。英、美式拼写均可接受；如书写较差，以至于影响了对内容的理解，分数将降低一个档次”。由此可见，书写工整和卷面整洁是获得高分的重要方面。作答时要规避低级的拼写错误。另外，卷面整洁是书面表达获得高分的重要因素之一，在作答时要做到尽量不乱涂改，字母大小合适、间距适中，书写时落笔有力。
04
巩固自评
A
假定你是李华，你上周参加了你市组织的英语话剧比赛(English Drama Competition)并取得了较好的成绩。你的外教Mr White此前给予了你很多帮助和鼓励。请你给他写封电子邮件表达谢意，内容包括：
1.告知好消息； 2.感谢他的帮助和鼓励； 3.邀请他到你家做客。
注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr White,
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
I’m glad to tell you that I performed well in the English Drama Competition held in our city last week.
Honestly speaking, I couldn’t have done such a good job without your help and encouragement. Every time I practised my part, it was you who accompanied me, pointed out where I could improve, and told me how to do it better.
I’m wondering if it is convenient for you to come to my home so that I can cook authentic Chinese food for you as a treat. Looking forward to your reply.
B
你擅长中国书法，最近创作了一幅作品，准备参加在新西兰举办的青少年书法展。应参赛方要求，你需要为作品写一份英文介绍，内容包括：
1.创作目的； 2.作品简介； 3.观展要求。
注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
An Introduction to My Work
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
I love Chinese calligraphy and I’m good at it. The Chinese characters carry rich meanings and unique beauty and spirit. To spread their beauty and spirit, I wrote four Chinese characters to participate in the exhibition.
On a 50 by 50 cm sheet,I wrote four Chinese characters with a Chinese brush—Tian Dao Chou Qin, which means “Hard work pays off”. It is my favourite motto which pushes me through hard times.
Viewed at a distance of three meters, the work will have an unimaginable effect. Remember not to touch or use the flash while taking photos. Hope you enjoy the calligraphy exhibition!