合肥六校联盟2023—2024学年第一学期期末联考
高二年级英语试卷
（考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will Mary do tonight
A Eat with the Smiths. B. Look after Michele. C. Stay with kids.
2. What time is it now
A. 8:00 pm. B. 7:45 pm. C. 7:30 pm.
3. What does Mike do
A. A teacher. B. A student. C. A scientist
4. How do the rabbits probably make the woman feel
A. Annoyed. B. Relaxed. C. Confused.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. What to read. B. How to swim. C. Where to go.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. Why does Amy speak to the man
A. To talk about her friends.
B. To handle an emergency.
C. To make a request.
7. What is the man’s attitude towards Amy’s idea
A. Opposed. B. Indifferent. C. Supportive.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What makes the man nervous
A. Writing emails to clients.
B. Communicating over the phone.
C. Presenting products in English at meetings.
9. What is Future Sunshine
A A training school. B. An English restaurant. C. A commercial hotel.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the woman find hard to believe about Ashley Adirika
A. Famous newspapers report her.
B. All Ivy League universities want her.
C. She refuses all Ivy League universities.
11. Where will Ashley Adirika study
A. At Yale. B. At Harvard. C. At Columbia.
12. What influence does Ashley Adirika have on the speakers
A. They change their dream school.
B. They decide to apply to Yale.
C. They determine to study hard.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What will the man do this Saturday
A. Search for a museum. B. Make a model rocket. C. Exercise in the gym.
14. Which does the woman think Mark will be most interested in
A. The Exploring Space gallery.
B. The on-site IMAX theatre.
C. The Making the Modern World gallery.
15. How long will the speakers stay in the museum
A. For three hours. B. For four hours. C. For five hours.
16. What’s the relationship between the speakers
A. Teacher and student. B. Guide and visitor. C. Husband and wife.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the purpose of the prize
A. To draw the attention of young farmers.
B. To praise environmental efforts.
C. To encourage companies to be environmentally friendly.
18. What is the prize scheduled to do
A. Offer 7 million pounds annually.
B. Stabilize small farmers’ income.
C. Run from 2021 to 2030.
19. Why was Kheyti awarded the prize
A. It shared its environmental idea with other countries.
B. It protected nature with good technique.
C. It helped farmers plant crops in deserts.
20. What can the greenhouse of Kheyti bring about
A. Increased food production.
B. Cleaner drinking water.
C. 90% less fertilizer.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
WRITER’S DIGEST COMPETITIONS 92st ANNUAL WRITING COMPETTITION
WRITE TO WIN: $5,000, A TRIP TO NYC& MORE Enter up to 9 categories to win big in our 92st Annual Writing Competition! ONE GRAND PRIZE WINNER WILL RECEIVE: ·$5,000 cash ·An interview in Writer’s Digest. ·A paid trip to the Writer’s Digest Annual Conference in New York City. CATEGORIES: ·Personal Essay·Rhyming Poetry·Non-Rhyming Poetry ·Genre Short Story·Short Story·Children’s Young ·Mainstream/Literary·Script ·Nonfiction Essay or Article Fiction ·Inspirational/Spiritual
READY TO WRITE YOUR SUCCESS IT ALL STARTS WHEN YOU ENTER TODAY! Writers-/writers-digest-competitions/annual-writing-competition
1. What prize will the winners receive
A. A paid trip to Writer’s Digest annual meeting. B. A teller in Writer’s Digest.
C. A valuable working experience. D. 5,000 yuan.
2. What should you do first if you want to write your success
A. Hand in your work. B. Enter the website.
C. Register an account. D. Pay necessary fees.
3. Where is this text most likely from
A. A diary. B. A guidebook. C. A novel. D. A website.
B
The behavior of beavers and other animals has often inspired expressions in English. If someone is very industrious or hard-working in tackling many things at once, we can say the person is “as busy as a beaver.” This phrase hints at one of the characteristics of these wild animals—they are indeed active creatures.
With their large teeth, which are orange due to iron in the tooth enamel (牙齿的珐琅质), beavers can cut down trees and change their environments like no other animals except humans. They use these fallen trees to build dams, creating safe, watery environments. The busy beavers build homes — called lodges — in the ponds created by the dams. The only way to get in and out of lodges is by entering an underwater opening of the structures. This offers beavers protection from predators such as bears, wolves, or coyotes.
It’s also interesting to note that beavers have another reason for cutting down trees aside from building dams. Beavers can digest cellulose, so wood is a significant food source for them, with their diet 15 also consisting of leaves and aquatic plants. Chewing on trees also helps beavers keep their teeth sharp, making it easier for them to keep chopping down trees.
Of course, no discussion about beavers would be complete without mentioning their most noticeable feature their large, flat tails, which have different uses. One is that they act as a rudder, helping them steer in the water. Another is that the animals pound their tails on the water to warn other beavers of danger. Since beavers work so hard building their homes and warning others of potential harm, it’s no surprise that busy as a beaver is a common phrase.
4. Which of the following usages of “as busy as a beaver” correct
A. My cat is as busy as a beaver since it always lies on the sofa.
B. This kind of tree is as busy as a beaver because it takes hundreds of years for it to be used as timber.
C. Hanna is having a cup of coffee and listening to music in the living room. She is truly as busy as a beaver.
D. Oliver is responsible for two projects and has to train the three new employees, so he has been as busy as a beaver recently.
5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage
A. What countries beavers are found in. B. How beavers keep themselves safe.
C The animals that threaten beavers. D. The food that beavers eat.
6. How does building dams protect beavers
A. The wood is very strong.
B. The water from dams helps beavers digest wood.
C. Dams make it harder for other animals to catch.
D. Dams provide beavers with lots of water to drink.
7. If a beaver sees a pack of wolves approaching, which body part will it use to alert others
A. Tail B. Teeth C. Paw D. Head
C
SpaceX, a private company, has put 60 Starlink communication satellites into orbit, bringing the total circling Earth to 180. They will bring internet access to underserved areas of the world. But it seems they also mess with telescopes.
When the satellites pass through a telescope’s field of view, they create bright streaks(条痕) that cut through images of the sky, hiding anything that might be behind them and pouring so much light into the telescope that it causes some observations unusable.
“What surprised everyone - the astronomy community and SpaceX - was how bright the satellites are”, said anxiously space experts. Actually SpaceX did talk about the issue elsewhere. The problem for astronomers doesn’t end with SpaceX. Blue Origin, One Web and Amazon plan to launch thousands of communications satellites in the coming years.
In an effort to ease astronomers’ fears, SpaceX is testing one satellite that is a bit different from the others. It was included in the most recent launch and is partially coated in a dark material to make it less shiny and so less visible in telescope images. We don’t have any data yet on whether the coating is working as intended.
Once the satellites are in space, there is no backtracking. While companies like SpaceX do need approval from regulatory bodies(监察机构) for each launch, there is no rule that prevents them from launching an unlimited number of satellites.
“We have to rely on firms such as SpaceX voluntarily cooperating with astronomers to attempt to keep the impacts of their satellite constellations (卫星星座) as low as possible.” said space experts.
With more than 1,500 Starlink satellites scheduled for launch in the near future, that cooperation will need to be speedy if it is going to make any difference.
8. Why does SpaceX launch so many communication satellites
A. To expand internet services worldwide.
B. To make users surf the Internet quickly.
C. To disturb the operation of telescopes.
D. To further present space research.
9. What are space experts worried
A. Satellites are too shiny to be seen.
B. Satellites occupy the area of telescopes.
C. Too many satellites move in outer space.
D. The normal use of the telescopes is affected.
10. What can be inferred from the passage
A. The number of satellite launches will decrease.
B Coated satellites can effectively weaken brightness.
C. The regulations of satellite launching are not powerful.
D. SpaceX’s cooperation with astronomers remains to be seen.
11. What is probably the best title for the passage
A. Troubles Made by Satellites
B. Satellites Threatening Astronomers
C. SpaceX and Its Future Starlink Plan
D. Cooperation with Astronomy Community
D
Patients often come into my office and ask, “How can I look younger ” While I always suggest healthy living — a balanced diet and regular exercise — in order to look and feel younger, I have never thought of facial exercises as part of that plan. That is, until a recent study, published in JAMA Dermatology (皮肤学), showed promising results that routine facial exercise may slow the merciless tide of time.
The theory behind the study originates from the fact that a major part of facial aging is due to the loss of fat and soft tissue, which leads to the growth and spread of wrinkles. If we can lift weights at the gym and enlarge muscles in arms, why couldn’t the same be done for muscles in our faces, therefore to create a more youthful face
The concept of facial exercise is not a new one. A simple Internet search will produce a lot of blog posts and books on the subject, as well as various programs that promise to be the next fountain of youth. What the JAMA Dermatology researchers did in their study, which was the first of its kind, was to examine this question from a more strict scientific aspect. They enrolled 27 women between the ages of 40 and 65 to perform daily, 30-minute exercises for eight weeks, and then continue every other day for a total of 20 weeks.
Dermatologists who did not know the participants were asked to rate their photographs before and after the exercise. The dermatologists found an improvement in cheek fullness and estimated the age of the participants at 51 years of age at the start of the program and 48 at the end of the 20-week study. Furthermore, all the participants felt improvement in their own facial appearance at the end of the study.
While these results seem exalting, the study has some obvious limitations. Of the 27 patients involved, 11 gave up before completing the study. One reason may be that the program was too time-consuming, clocking in at 30 minutes a day. The overall small size of the study also limits its generalizability to the larger population. In addition, there was also no control group, which would have helped reduce the possibility that this improvement happened by chance.
It’s also hard to draw conclusions about the longevity of these results. Probably the exercises must be continued to keep their effects. But for how long And how frequently Which exercises are most effective Most studies are needed to answer these questions.
12. What is the author’s attitude towards the study published in JAMA Dermatology
A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Opposed. D. Indifferent
13. According to the passage, which statement is true
A. Though the concept of facial exercise is new, much information about it can be found on the Internet.
B. Some participants did not feel improvement in their facial appearance at the end of the study.
C. If there is a control group, the possibility that the improvement in the facial appearance happened by chance will be increased.
D. The reason why some participants quit the study before it was completely may be that they had not enough time.
14. What does the underlined word exalting mean
A. Exciting. B. Challenging. C. Frustrating. D. Calming.
15. What can be inferred from the passage
A. The study published in JAMA Dermatology is not reliable.
B. Healthy living is the only way to make someone look and feel young.
C. More studies are needed to further the present study on facial exercises.
D. As a dermatologist, the author was involved in the research project on facial exercises.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Elevator shoes(增高鞋) have become well-known as more people are interested in buying a pair when choosing a particular type of footwear. These shoes are fantastic for almost everyone. ___16___ The following reasons explain why it is happening.
Suitable height
Unlike other noticeable height-enhancing methods, elevator shoes provide an effortless and instant solution. ___17___ With the height-increasing technology hidden within the shoes, you can confidently adjust the height without drawing any attention.
Improved confidence
Studies have shown that taller individuals are often regarded as more authoritative, competent, and attractive. You may sometimes feel a bit insecure about your short height. If that is the case, you can go for this type of footwear. ___18___
Increased comfort level
In today’s fast-paced world, people are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of comfort when it comes to footwear. Most people think that elevator shoes are uncomfortable. ___19___ Such a feature might not be available for some types of footwear which might look good, but lack comfort.
___20___
Whether it is a formal business meeting, a relaxing party, or a special event, elevator shoes come in a wide range of styles, from dress shoes to sports shoes, to suit different preferences and dress requirements. You can easily get a suitable pair for yourself.
A. Enhanced appearance
B. Available in various patterns
C. The popularity of this type of footwear is increasing at a fast rate.
D. However, the shoes allow you to spend the whole day without any pain.
E. Nobody will recognize whether you have a short height if you wear them.
F. Confidence is crucial, especially when one is doing something new in their life.
G. It can make you focus on your goals without any concerns about your height.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As I grew up, my grandma, would say things such as: “that is not a ladylike way to sit”, or “that is not a word that ladies use”. My grandma is one of the most ____21____ women that I know. I ____22____ to be half the person she is.
I have always considered myself a “lady”. I dress ____23____. I pay close attention to my manners. I smile at strangers, offer my seat to the elderly, and hold the door ____24____ for the person behind me. However, I recently met a woman in passing that made me ____25____ what I have been taught for the last 21 years. The conversation we had was about “girls these days” and how they differ from the way girls were in the past. She said that there was a big ____26____ between a “lady” and a “woman”. I looked at her curiously.
“A real lady does not give her opinions or feelings, while those who do are women. And women these days constantly make the ____27____ of offering their opinions, and feelings, and talking out of turn.” I smiled at her politely, wished her a pleasant evening, and we ____28____ ways.
____29____ most conversations one would have with a stranger, this one stuck with me. It turns out that I am not a “lady”. But I have _____30_____ that truth with my whole heart. I take great pride in my opinions, my brain, and the bravery in which I can _____31_____ myself and the things that I believe in. I am this way, because I am a young _____32_____ of my grandma. And I know that she would swear that she is “ladylike”. But, in reality, she is a strong, independent and smart woman.
With this, I would like to _____33_____ young women that it is _____34_____ to voice your opinions, embrace your beliefs, and be independent. Throughout your life, if someone comes along and _____35_____ your voice, makes your opinions feel wrong, or take no notice of your feelings: smile, nod politely, and keep doing what you were doing anyway.
21 A. outgoing B. genuine C. humorous D. creative
22. A. achieve B. aid C. afford D. attempt
23. A. fashionably B. casually C. appropriately D. luxuriously
24. A. closed B. tight C. wide D. open
25. A. confirm B. question C. clarify D. position
26. A. issue B. distance C. conflict D. difference
27. A. mistake B. assumption C. decision D. adjustment
28. A. divided B. exchanged C. parted D. classified
29. A. Identical to B. Opposite to C. Senior to D. Junior to
30. A. embraced B. declined C. expanded D. denied
31. A. watch out for B. make way for C. reach out for D. stand up for
32. A. model B. version C. script D. assistant
33. A. accuse B. convince C. inform D. suspect
34. A. proper B. passive C. conventional D. contradictory
35. A. slows B. smoothes C. quiets D. upsets
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Emerging evidence in humans suggests a ____36____ (typical) Western high-fat, high-sugar junk food diet can quickly weaken your brain's appetite control.
After offering volunteers a week-long binge (大吃大喝) of waffles, milkshakes and similarly rich foods, researchers in Australia found young and healthy ones scored worse on memory tests and experienced a ____37____ (great) desire to eat junk food, even when they were already full.
The findings suggest something is special in the hippocampus (海马体)-a region of the brain ____38____ supports memory and helps to regulate appetite. When we are full, the hippocampus is thought to quieten down our memories of delicious food, thereby ____39____ (reduce) our appetite. When it’s interrupted, ____40____ control can be seriously damaged. Over the years, extensive research on ____41____ (mouse) has found the function of the hippocampus is very sensitive to junk food, but recently this has been observed only in young and healthy humans.
In 2017, after a week of Western-style breakfasts of ____42____ (toast) sandwiches and milkshakes, researchers found participants performed worse on learning and memory tests which are typically dependent ____43____ the hippocampus.
Now, in this latest study the scientists of the team ____44____ (find) that not only do such high-fat, high-sugar diets impair memory in humans, but they appear to directly affect our ability _____45_____ (control) our appetite.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，在某海外购物网站上订购了一款智能手表作为新年礼物送给母亲，但是收货之后出现了一些问题，请你给该网站客服写一封邮件，内容包括：1. 投诉内容；2. 你的诉求。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir or Madam
I’m writing to express my dissatisfaction with the smartwatch I recently purchased from your online store.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
ALICE IN WONDERLAND is my favorite story of all time. And acting is my number one passion. At my old school, Poulsbo Elementary, I’d starred in every play from third grade on. Before that, gymnastics was my thing. But then I played my first role as Tinkerbell in Peter Pan. And after that, backflips just couldn’t compare.
So, when my teacher announced during my first week at Newland Elementary that we’d be performing Alice in Wonderland for the school play, I practically squealed out loud with excitement. I’d always wanted to play the role of Alice!
However, a week later, Mrs. Pearson announced, “The role of Alice goes to Denise Taylor!” My head buzzed. My stomach churned. But I clapped along with everyone else and pasted a fake smile on my face. It took Mrs. Pearson forever to get to my name. When she finally did, she read, “Hazel, Tyler, and Ella — hedgehogs!” She announced this as if we’d just won a million dollars. But the hedgehogs had no lines! They just got batted around with croquet mallets (槌球棒) and then disappeared forever.
Mrs. Pearson called the hedgehogs up after class. “Hedgehogs,” she said, “your roles are going to be a lot of fun! You might also consider helping out with our costumes! Go to the school storage room and get creative!” Mrs. Pearson looked at us expectantly. I snuck a glance at the other two. Ella looked as if she were about to cry. Tyler looked as if he’d just eaten a piece of moldy cheese.
THE NEXT DAY we went to school storage room, while we were picking up the costumes, Ella had one hand against the wall and appeared to be doing ballet warmups. “I really wanted to be the Queen of Hearts,” she said, raising her left leg so that it was almost parallel to her body. I remembered hearing that she danced the Nutcracker every year. “Yeah, well I wanted to be the Cheshire Cat,” said Tyler, as he pulled a fake gold crown out of the costume trunk. Then he did this cool backward turn, where he ended up bowing in front of us as he took the crown off and held it to his chest. Both of these guys seemed like really good dancers.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph1:
Suddenly I had an idea. “Guys, I know what we should do,” I said.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
“That was fantastic, hedgehogs!” Mrs. Pearson said. “Where did you learn to dance like that
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________合肥六校联盟2023—2024学年第一学期期末联考
高二年级英语试卷
（考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will Mary do tonight
A. Eat with the Smiths. B. Look after Michele. C. Stay with kids.
2. What time is it now
A. 8:00 pm. B. 7:45 pm. C. 7:30 pm.
3. What does Mike do
A. A teacher. B. A student. C. A scientist
4. How do the rabbits probably make the woman feel
A. Annoyed. B. Relaxed. C. Confused.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. What to read. B. How to swim. C. Where to go.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. Why does Amy speak to the man
A. To talk about her friends.
B. To handle an emergency.
C. To make a request.
7. What is the man’s attitude towards Amy’s idea
A. Opposed. B. Indifferent. C. Supportive.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What makes the man nervous
A. Writing emails to clients.
B. Communicating over the phone.
C. Presenting products in English at meetings.
9. What is Future Sunshine
A. A training school. B. An English restaurant. C. A commercial hotel.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the woman find hard to believe about Ashley Adirika
A. Famous newspapers report her.
B. All Ivy League universities want her.
C. She refuses all Ivy League universities.
11. Where will Ashley Adirika study
A. At Yale. B. At Harvard. C. At Columbia.
12. What influence does Ashley Adirika have on the speakers
A They change their dream school.
B. They decide to apply to Yale.
C. They determine to study hard.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What will the man do this Saturday
A. Search for a museum. B. Make a model rocket. C. Exercise in the gym.
14. Which does the woman think Mark will be most interested in
A. The Exploring Space gallery.
B. The on-site IMAX theatre.
C. The Making the Modern World gallery.
15. How long will the speakers stay in the museum
A. For three hours. B. For four hours. C. For five hours.
16. What’s the relationship between the speakers
A. Teacher and student. B. Guide and visitor. C. Husband and wife.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the purpose of the prize
A. To draw the attention of young farmers.
B. To praise environmental efforts.
C. To encourage companies to be environmentally friendly.
18. What is the prize scheduled to do
A. Offer 7 million pounds annually.
B. Stabilize small farmers’ income.
C. Run from 2021 to 2030.
19. Why was Kheyti awarded the prize
A. It shared its environmental idea with other countries.
B. It protected nature with good technique.
C. It helped farmers plant crops in deserts.
20. What can the greenhouse of Kheyti bring about
A. Increased food production.
B. Cleaner drinking water.
C. 90% less fertilizer.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
WRITER’S DIGEST COMPETITIONS 92st ANNUAL WRITING COMPETTITION
WRITE TO WIN: $5,000, A TRIP TO NYC& MORE Enter up to 9 categories to win big in our 92st Annual Writing Competition! ONE GRAND PRIZE WINNER WILL RECEIVE: ·$5,000 cash ·An interview in Writer’s Digest. ·A paid trip to the Writer’s Digest Annual Conference in New York City. CATEGORIES: ·Personal Essay·Rhyming Poetry·Non-Rhyming Poetry ·Genre Short Story·Short Story·Children’s Young ·Mainstream/Literary·Script ·Nonfiction Essay or Article Fiction ·Inspirational/Spiritual
READY TO WRITE YOUR SUCCESS IT ALL STARTS WHEN YOU ENTER TODAY! Writers-/writers-digest-competitions/annual-writing-competition
1. What prize will the winners receive
A. A paid trip to Writer’s Digest annual meeting. B. A teller in Writer’s Digest.
C. A valuable working experience. D. 5,000 yuan.
2. What should you do first if you want to write your success
A. Hand in your work. B. Enter the website.
C. Register an account. D. Pay necessary fees.
3. Where is this text most likely from
A. A diary. B. A guidebook. C. A novel. D. A website.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一项写作比赛的具体事宜。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据ONE GRAND PRIZE WINNER WILL RECEIVE中“A paid trip to the Writer’s Digest Annual Conference in New York City. (一次参加在纽约举行的作家文摘年会的报销旅行)”可知，获奖者会获得的奖品包括参加作家文摘年会的报销旅行。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一栏“READY TO WRITE YOUR SUCCESS IT ALL STARTS WHEN YOU ENTER TODAY! Writers-/writers-digest-competitions/annual-writing-competition (准备好写下你的成功了吗？一切从今天你进入开始！Writers-/writers-digest-competitions/annual-writing-competition)”可知，如果你想书写你的成功，你应该先进入文章末尾提及的网站了解相关信息。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是表格中最后一栏中“IT ALL STARTS WHEN YOU ENTER TODAY! Writers-/writers-digest-competitions/annual-writing-competition (一切从今天你进入开始！Writers-/writers-digest-competitions/annual-writing-competition)”可知，文章介绍了一项写作比赛的具体事宜，且提供了进入另一个网站的连接，由此推知，文章应该出自一个网站。故选D项。
B
The behavior of beavers and other animals has often inspired expressions in English. If someone is very industrious or hard-working in tackling many things at once, we can say the person is “as busy as a beaver.” This phrase hints at one of the characteristics of these wild animals—they are indeed active creatures.
With their large teeth, which are orange due to iron in the tooth enamel (牙齿的珐琅质), beavers can cut down trees and change their environments like no other animals except humans. They use these fallen trees to build dams, creating safe, watery environments. The busy beavers build homes — called lodges — in the ponds created by the dams. The only way to get in and out of lodges is by entering an underwater opening of the structures. This offers beavers protection from predators such as bears, wolves, or coyotes.
It’s also interesting to note that beavers have another reason for cutting down trees aside from building dams. Beavers can digest cellulose, so wood is a significant food source for them, with their diet 15 also consisting of leaves and aquatic plants. Chewing on trees also helps beavers keep their teeth sharp, making it easier for them to keep chopping down trees.
Of course, no discussion about beavers would be complete without mentioning their most noticeable feature their large, flat tails, which have different uses. One is that they act as a rudder, helping them steer in the water. Another is that the animals pound their tails on the water to warn other beavers of danger. Since beavers work so hard building their homes and warning others of potential harm, it’s no surprise that busy as a beaver is a common phrase.
4. Which of the following usages of “as busy as a beaver” correct
A. My cat is as busy as a beaver since it always lies on the sofa.
B. This kind of tree is as busy as a beaver because it takes hundreds of years for it to be used as timber.
C. Hanna is having a cup of coffee and listening to music in the living room. She is truly as busy as a beaver.
D. Oliver is responsible for two projects and has to train the three new employees, so he has been as busy as a beaver recently.
5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage
A. What countries beavers are found in. B. How beavers keep themselves safe.
C. The animals that threaten beavers. D. The food that beavers eat.
6. How does building dams protect beavers
A. The wood is very strong.
B. The water from dams helps beavers digest wood.
C. Dams make it harder for other animals to catch.
D. Dams provide beavers with lots of water to drink.
7. If a beaver sees a pack of wolves approaching, which body part will it use to alert others
A. Tail B. Teeth C. Paw D. Head
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了海狸和有关海狸的英语习语“as busy as a beaver”。
【4题详解】
句意猜测题。根据第一段“The behavior of beavers and other animals has often inspired expressions in English. If someone is very industrious or hard-working in tackling many things at once, we can say the person is “as busy as a beaver.” This phrase hints at one of the characteristics of these wild animals—they are indeed active creatures.(如果某人非常勤劳或努力地同时处理许多事情，我们可以说这个人“像海狸一样忙”。)”，可知D项“Oliver要负责两个项目，还要培训三个新员工，所以他最近忙得不可开交。”符合“as busy as a beaver”。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“They use these fallen trees to build dams, creating safe, watery environments. The busy beavers build homes — called lodges — in the ponds created by the dams. The only way to get in and out of lodges is by entering an underwater opening of the structures. This offers beavers protection from predators such as bears, wolves, or coyotes.(他们用这些倒下的树木建造水坝，创造安全的水环境。忙碌的海狸在水坝形成的池塘里建造家园，称为“小屋”。进出小屋的唯一方法是进入建筑的水下开口。这可以保护海狸免受熊、狼或土狼等掠食者的伤害。)”，可知，文章讲到了海狸如何保护自己的安全以及威胁海狸的动物，以及第三段“Beavers can digest cellulose, so wood is a significant food source for them, with their diet 15 also consisting of leaves and aquatic plants. Chewing on trees also helps beavers keep their teeth sharp, making it easier for them to keep chopping down trees.(海狸可以消化纤维素，所以木材是它们重要的食物来源，它们的饮食也包括树叶和水生植物。咀嚼树木也有助于海狸保持牙齿锋利，使它们更容易继续砍伐树木。)”可知，文章讲到了海狸的食物。没有讲到海狸在哪些国家被发现。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“They use these fallen trees to build dams, creating safe, watery environments. The busy beavers build homes — called lodges — in the ponds created by the dams. The only way to get in and out of lodges is by entering an underwater opening of the structures. This offers beavers protection from predators such as bears, wolves, or coyotes.(他们用这些倒下的树木建造水坝，创造安全的水环境。忙碌的海狸在水坝形成的池塘里建造家园，称为“小屋”。进出小屋的唯一方法是进入建筑的水下开口。这可以保护海狸免受熊、狼或土狼等掠食者的伤害。)”，可知，修建水坝保护海狸不被其他动物捕获，即水坝使其他动物更难捕获。故选C。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Another is that the animals pound their tails on the water to warn other beavers of danger. Since beavers work so hard building their homes and warning others of potential harm, it’s no surprise that busy as a beaver is a common phrase.(另一种说法是，海狸用尾巴拍打水面，以警告其他海狸有危险。由于海狸如此努力地建造自己的家园，并警告其他海狸潜在的危害，所以忙碌的海狸(busy as a beaver)是一个常见的短语也就不足为奇了。)”，可知，如果海狸看到一群狼靠近，它会用尾巴来警告其他海狸，故选A。
C
SpaceX, a private company, has put 60 Starlink communication satellites into orbit, bringing the total circling Earth to 180. They will bring internet access to underserved areas of the world. But it seems they also mess with telescopes.
When the satellites pass through a telescope’s field of view, they create bright streaks(条痕) that cut through images of the sky, hiding anything that might be behind them and pouring so much light into the telescope that it causes some observations unusable.
“What surprised everyone - the astronomy community and SpaceX - was how bright the satellites are”, said anxiously space experts. Actually SpaceX did talk about the issue elsewhere. The problem for astronomers doesn’t end with SpaceX. Blue Origin, One Web and Amazon plan to launch thousands of communications satellites in the coming years.
In an effort to ease astronomers’ fears, SpaceX is testing one satellite that is a bit different from the others. It was included in the most recent launch and is partially coated in a dark material to make it less shiny and so less visible in telescope images. We don’t have any data yet on whether the coating is working as intended.
Once the satellites are in space, there is no backtracking. While companies like SpaceX do need approval from regulatory bodies(监察机构) for each launch, there is no rule that prevents them from launching an unlimited number of satellites.
“We have to rely on firms such as SpaceX voluntarily cooperating with astronomers to attempt to keep the impacts of their satellite constellations (卫星星座) as low as possible.” said space experts.
With more than 1,500 Starlink satellites scheduled for launch in the near future, that cooperation will need to be speedy if it is going to make any difference.
8. Why does SpaceX launch so many communication satellites
A. To expand internet services worldwide.
B. To make users surf the Internet quickly.
C. To disturb the operation of telescopes.
D. To further present space research.
9. What are space experts worried
A. Satellites are too shiny to be seen.
B. Satellites occupy the area of telescopes.
C. Too many satellites move in outer space.
D. The normal use of the telescopes is affected.
10. What can be inferred from the passage
A. The number of satellite launches will decrease.
B. Coated satellites can effectively weaken brightness.
C. The regulations of satellite launching are not powerful.
D. SpaceX’s cooperation with astronomers remains to be seen.
11. What is probably the best title for the passage
A. Troubles Made by Satellites
B. Satellites Threatening Astronomers
C. SpaceX and Its Future Starlink Plan
D. Cooperation with Astronomy Community
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空探索技术公司发射很多通讯卫星进入轨道，但这也带来了麻烦，即扰乱了望远镜的观测。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“SpaceX, a private company, has put 60 Starlink communication satellites into orbit, bringing the total circling Earth to 180. They will bring internet access to underserved areas of the world.(SpaceX，一家私人公司，已经将60颗星际通讯卫星送入轨道，使得环绕地球的总数达到180颗。他们将把互联网带到世界上服务不足的地区。)”可知，太空探索技术公司（SpaceX）发射这么多通讯卫星是为了把互联网带到世界上服务不足的地区，即扩展全球互联网服务。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“When the satellites pass through a telescope’s field of view, they create bright streaks(条痕) that cut through images of the sky, hiding anything that might be behind them and pouring so much light into the telescope that it causes some observations unusable.(当卫星通过望远镜的视场时，它们会产生明亮的条纹，穿过天空的图像，隐藏了任何可能在它们后面的东西，并向望远镜投入了太多的光线，导致一些观测无法使用。)”可知，卫星通过望远镜的视场时，会导致一些观测无法进行，由此可知，太空专家担心的是望远镜的正常使用受到影响，故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““We have to rely on firms such as SpaceX voluntarily cooperating with astronomers to attempt to keep the impacts of their satellite constellations (卫星星座) as low as possible.” said space experts.(“我们必须依靠太空探索技术公司（Spacex）等公司自愿与天文学家合作，尽可能地降低其卫星星座的影响。”太空专家说。)”和最后一段“With more than 1,500 Starlink satellites scheduled for launch in the near future, that cooperation will need to be speedy if it is going to make any difference.(随着1500多颗星际连接卫星计划在不久的将来发射，如果要有所作为的话，需要加速这种合作。)”可知，太空探索技术公司与与天文学家合作是很有必要的，是需要加速度推进，所以太空探索技术公司与与天文学家合作需拭目以待，故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“SpaceX, a private company, has put 60 Starlink communication satellites into orbit, bringing the total circling Earth to 180. They will bring internet access to underserved areas of the world. But it seems they also mess with telescopes.(太空探索技术公司，一家私人公司，已经将60颗星际通讯卫星送入轨道，使得环绕地球的总数达到180颗。他们将把互联网带到世界上服务不足的地区。但它们似乎也会扰乱望远镜。)”可知，文章主要介绍了太空探索技术公司发射很多通讯卫星进入轨道，但这也带来了麻烦，即扰乱了望远镜的观测，所以A项“Troubles Made by Satellites(卫星造成的麻烦)”最适合做文章的标题，故选A。
D
Patients often come into my office and ask, “How can I look younger ” While I always suggest healthy living — a balanced diet and regular exercise — in order to look and feel younger, I have never thought of facial exercises as part of that plan. That is, until a recent study, published in JAMA Dermatology (皮肤学), showed promising results that routine facial exercise may slow the merciless tide of time.
The theory behind the study originates from the fact that a major part of facial aging is due to the loss of fat and soft tissue, which leads to the growth and spread of wrinkles. If we can lift weights at the gym and enlarge muscles in arms, why couldn’t the same be done for muscles in our faces, therefore to create a more youthful face
The concept of facial exercise is not a new one. A simple Internet search will produce a lot of blog posts and books on the subject, as well as various programs that promise to be the next fountain of youth. What the JAMA Dermatology researchers did in their study, which was the first of its kind, was to examine this question from a more strict scientific aspect. They enrolled 27 women between the ages of 40 and 65 to perform daily, 30-minute exercises for eight weeks, and then continue every other day for a total of 20 weeks.
Dermatologists who did not know the participants were asked to rate their photographs before and after the exercise. The dermatologists found an improvement in cheek fullness and estimated the age of the participants at 51 years of age at the start of the program and 48 at the end of the 20-week study. Furthermore, all the participants felt improvement in their own facial appearance at the end of the study.
While these results seem exalting, the study has some obvious limitations. Of the 27 patients involved, 11 gave up before completing the study. One reason may be that the program was too time-consuming, clocking in at 30 minutes a day. The overall small size of the study also limits its generalizability to the larger population. In addition, there was also no control group, which would have helped reduce the possibility that this improvement happened by chance.
It’s also hard to draw conclusions about the longevity of these results. Probably the exercises must be continued to keep their effects. But for how long And how frequently Which exercises are most effective Most studies are needed to answer these questions.
12. What is the author’s attitude towards the study published in JAMA Dermatology
A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Opposed. D. Indifferent
13. According to the passage, which statement is true
A. Though the concept of facial exercise is new, much information about it can be found on the Internet.
B. Some participants did not feel improvement in their facial appearance at the end of the study.
C. If there is a control group, the possibility that the improvement in the facial appearance happened by chance will be increased.
D. The reason why some participants quit the study before it was completely may be that they had not enough time.
14. What does the underlined word exalting mean
A. Exciting. B. Challenging. C. Frustrating. D. Calming.
15. What can be inferred from the passage
A. The study published in JAMA Dermatology is not reliable.
B. Healthy living is the only way to make someone look and feel young.
C. More studies are needed to further the present study on facial exercises.
D. As a dermatologist, the author was involved in the research project on facial exercises.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。发表在《美国医学会皮肤学杂志》上的一项研究显示，常规的面部锻炼可能会减缓衰老和改善面部面貌。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“While I always suggest healthy living — a balanced diet and regular exercise — in order to look and feel younger, I have never thought of facial exercises as part of that plan. That is, until a recent study, published in JAMA Dermatology (皮肤学), showed promising results that routine facial exercise may slow the merciless tide of time. (虽然我总是建议健康的生活方式——均衡的饮食和规律的锻炼——为了看起来更年轻，感觉更年轻，但我从来没有想过面部锻炼是我的计划的一部分。直到最近发表在《美国医学会皮肤学杂志》(JAMA Dermatology)上的一项研究显示，常规的面部锻炼可能会减缓无情的时间潮流)”和最后一段中“Probably the exercises must be continued to keep their effects. (也许必须继续锻炼才能保持其效果)”可知，作者对《美国医学会皮肤学杂志》上发表的研究持积极的态度。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“Of the 27 patients involved, 11 gave up before completing the study. One reason may be that the program was too time-consuming, clocking in at 30 minutes a day. (在27名患者中，有11人在完成研究前就放弃了。一个原因可能是，这个项目很耗时，每天要花30分钟)”可知，一些参与者在研究完全结束前退出的原因可能是他们没有足够的时间。故选D项。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段中“While these results seem exalting, the study has some obvious limitations. (虽然这些结果似乎exalting，但这项研究有一些明显的局限性)”和第四段中“Furthermore, all the participants felt improvement in their own facial appearance at the end of the study. (此外，所有参与者在研究结束时都感觉自己的面部面貌改善了)”可知，由参与者感觉自己的面貌改善了和提到这项研究有一些局限性。由此可知，这些结果应该是令人兴奋的，因此猜测下划线词exalting意为“令人兴奋的”，与A项中的exciting意义一致。故选A项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Probably the exercises must be continued to keep their effects. But for how long And how frequently Which exercises are most effective Most studies are need to answer these questions. (也许必须继续锻炼才能保持其效果。但要持续多久呢？多频繁呢？哪种运动是最有效的呢？需要更多研究来回答这些问题)”可知，目前对面部运动的研究还有待进一步的研究。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Elevator shoes(增高鞋) have become well-known as more people are interested in buying a pair when choosing a particular type of footwear. These shoes are fantastic for almost everyone. ___16___ The following reasons explain why it is happening.
Suitable height
Unlike other noticeable height-enhancing methods, elevator shoes provide an effortless and instant solution. ___17___ With the height-increasing technology hidden within the shoes, you can confidently adjust the height without drawing any attention.
Improved confidence
Studies have shown that taller individuals are often regarded as more authoritative, competent, and attractive. You may sometimes feel a bit insecure about your short height. If that is the case, you can go for this type of footwear. ___18___
Increased comfort level
In today’s fast-paced world, people are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of comfort when it comes to footwear. Most people think that elevator shoes are uncomfortable. ___19___ Such a feature might not be available for some types of footwear which might look good, but lack comfort.
___20___
Whether it is a formal business meeting, a relaxing party, or a special event, elevator shoes come in a wide range of styles, from dress shoes to sports shoes, to suit different preferences and dress requirements. You can easily get a suitable pair for yourself.
A. Enhanced appearance
B. Available in various patterns
C. The popularity of this type of footwear is increasing at a fast rate.
D. However, the shoes allow you to spend the whole day without any pain.
E. Nobody will recognize whether you have a short height if you wear them.
F. Confidence is crucial, especially when one is doing something new in their life.
G. It can make you focus on your goals without any concerns about your height.
【答案】16. C 17. E 18. G 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了增高鞋的优势。
【16题详解】
上文“Elevator shoes(增高鞋) have become well-known as more people are interested in buying a pair when choosing a particular type of footwear. These shoes are fantastic for almost everyone. (增高鞋已经广为人知，因为越来越多的人在选择特定类型的鞋子时，有兴趣买一双。这种鞋几乎适合所有人。)”说明增高鞋已经广为人知，并且越来越多的人感兴趣，选项C“这种鞋越来越受欢迎。”承接上文，说明这种鞋越来越受欢迎。故选C项。
【17题详解】
下文“With the height-increasing technology hidden within the shoes, you can confidently adjust the height without drawing any attention. (隐藏在鞋内的增高技术，你可以自信地调节高度而不会引起任何注意。)”说明内增高技术可以调整高度，不会引起别人注意，选项E“如果你穿上它们，没有人会认出你是不是个子矮。”引领下文，和下文存在因果关系，因为有内增高技术，所以穿上后，没人知道你具体身高。故选E项。
【18题详解】
上文“You may sometimes feel a bit insecure about your short height. If that is the case, you can go for this type of footwear. (有时候你可能会对自己矮小的身高感到有点不安。如果是这样的话，你可以选择这种类型的鞋子。)”说明如果你担心自己的身高，那就应该选择这种鞋，选项G“它可以让你专注于你的目标，而不用担心你的身高。”总结上文，说明这种鞋让你专注于更重要的目标而不必担心自己身高。故选G项。
【19题详解】
上文“Most people think that elevator shoes are uncomfortable. (大多数人认为增高鞋不舒服。)”谈到有人认为增高鞋不舒服，选项D“然而，这双鞋可以让你一整天都不感到疼痛。”转折语义，否定前文，说明这种鞋可以让你舒适。故选D项。
【20题详解】
下文“Whether it is a formal business meeting, a relaxing party, or a special event, elevator shoes come in a wide range of styles, from dress shoes to sports shoes, to suit different preferences and dress requirements. (无论是正式的商务会议，轻松的聚会，还是特殊的活动，增高鞋的款式繁多，从正装鞋到运动鞋，以适应不同的喜好和着装要求。)”说明这种鞋有各种不同的款式，选项B“有多种款式可供选择”概括本段内容，且无标点，适合做小标题。故选B项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As I grew up, my grandma, would say things such as: “that is not a ladylike way to sit”, or “that is not a word that ladies use”. My grandma is one of the most ____21____ women that I know. I ____22____ to be half the person she is.
I have always considered myself a “lady”. I dress ____23____. I pay close attention to my manners. I smile at strangers, offer my seat to the elderly, and hold the door ____24____ for the person behind me. However, I recently met a woman in passing that made me ____25____ what I have been taught for the last 21 years. The conversation we had was about “girls these days” and how they differ from the way girls were in the past. She said that there was a big ____26____ between a “lady” and a “woman”. I looked at her curiously.
“A real lady does not give her opinions or feelings, while those who do are women. And women these days constantly make the ____27____ of offering their opinions, and feelings, and talking out of turn.” I smiled at her politely, wished her a pleasant evening, and we ____28____ ways.
____29____ most conversations one would have with a stranger, this one stuck with me. It turns out that I am not a “lady”. But I have _____30_____ that truth with my whole heart. I take great pride in my opinions, my brain, and the bravery in which I can _____31_____ myself and the things that I believe in. I am this way, because I am a young _____32_____ of my grandma. And I know that she would swear that she is “ladylike”. But, in reality, she is a strong, independent and smart woman.
With this, I would like to _____33_____ young women that it is _____34_____ to voice your opinions, embrace your beliefs, and be independent. Throughout your life, if someone comes along and _____35_____ your voice, makes your opinions feel wrong, or take no notice of your feelings: smile, nod politely, and keep doing what you were doing anyway.
21. A. outgoing B. genuine C. humorous D. creative
22. A. achieve B. aid C. afford D. attempt
23. A. fashionably B. casually C. appropriately D. luxuriously
24. A. closed B. tight C. wide D. open
25. A. confirm B. question C. clarify D. position
26. A. issue B. distance C. conflict D. difference
27. A. mistake B. assumption C. decision D. adjustment
28. A. divided B. exchanged C. parted D. classified
29. A. Identical to B. Opposite to C. Senior to D. Junior to
30. A. embraced B. declined C. expanded D. denied
31. A. watch out for B. make way for C. reach out for D. stand up for
32. A. model B. version C. script D. assistant
33. A. accuse B. convince C. inform D. suspect
34. A. proper B. passive C. conventional D. contradictory
35. A. slows B. smoothes C. quiets D. upsets
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从小被奶奶教育要成为一名淑女，自己也一直按照那样的方式去做一名淑女。有一天在和一位女士交谈后，作者对她的观点深感困惑，但是依然礼貌端庄地给予回应。作者认为说出自己的观点，接受自己的信仰，保持独立也是淑女的正确行为。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我奶奶是我认识的最为真正的女性之一。A. outgoing外向的；B. genuine真正的；C. humorous幽默的；D. creative有创造力的。根据上文“As I grew up, my grandma, would say things such as: “that is not a ladylike way to sit”, or “that is not a word that ladies use”.”可知，奶奶谆谆教诲作者要成为一名真正的淑女，由此推之，奶奶本身是一名淑女，是最为真正的女性之一。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我尝试成为与她有一半相似的人。A. achieve实现；B. aid援助；C. afford承担得起；D. attempt尝试。根据下文“to be half the person she is”可推知，attempt“尝试”符合语境，attempt to do sth.意为“尝试做某事”，表示作者想成为奶奶那样的人，尝试做到她一半的程度。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我穿着得体。A. fashionably时尚地；B. casually随意地；C. appropriately恰当地；D. luxuriously豪华地。根据上文“I have always considered myself a “lady”.”可知，作者认为自己是淑女，因此会穿着得体。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对陌生人微笑，给老人让座，为后面的人开门。A. closed关闭的；B. tight紧的；C. wide宽的；D. open开着的。根据上文“I pay close attention to my manners.”可知，作者非常注意自己的举止，因此会为后面的人开门，体现礼仪和友善。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我最近遇到了一位女士，她让我对过去21年里我所接受的教育产生了质疑。A. confirm确认；B. question质疑；C. clarify澄清；D. position安置。根据下文“I looked at her curiously.”可知，作者听完这位女士的话后很疑惑，因此是对之前所接受的教育产生了质疑。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说“女士”和“女人”之间有很大的区别。A. issue问题；B. distance距离；C. conflict冲突；D. difference区别。根据下文“A real lady does not give her opinions or feelings, while those who do are women.”可知，这位女士认为淑女和女人之间存在着区别。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在的女人经常犯这样的错误：说出自己的观点和感受，说话不合时宜。A. mistake错误；B. assumption假设；C. decision决定；D. adjustment调整。根据上文“A real lady does not give her opinions or feelings, while those who do are women.”可知，这位女士认为那些说出意见或感情的女人并非真正的淑女，因此她们是犯了这样的错误。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我礼貌地对她笑了笑，祝她度过一个愉快的夜晚，然后我们分别了。A. divided分开；B. exchanged交换；C. parted分别；D. classified分类。根据上文“However, I recently met a woman in passing”可知，两人是偶然遇到的，因此谈话结束后就分别了，part ways意为“分别，分道扬镳”。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：与大多数与陌生人的对话相反，这句话让我难以忘怀。A. Identical to与……相同；B. Opposite to与……相反；C. Senior to高于；D. Junior to低于。根据下文“most conversations one would have with a stranger, this one stuck with me”和常识可推知，通常情况下，与陌生人的谈话不会对我们自己产生震动，但作者却对此难以忘怀，因此是与大多数这样的对话相反。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我全心全意地接受了这个事实。A. embraced接受；B. declined拒绝；C. expanded扩张；D. denied否认。根据上文“It turns out that I am not a “lady”.”和“But”可知，此处有转折，虽然按照这位女士的理解，作者并非淑女，但是作者接受了这个事实。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我为我的观点、我的头脑以及维护自己和我所信仰的事物的勇气感到非常自豪。A. watch out for注意；B. make way for让路；C. reach out for伸手去够；D. stand up for维护。根据上文“the bravery”和下文“myself and the things that I believe in”可推知，此处表示维护自己和自己所信仰的事物的勇气。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是这样的，因为我是我奶奶的年轻版本。A. model模型；B. version版本；C. script剧本；D. assistant助手。根据下文“And I know that she would swear that she is “ladylike”.”可知，奶奶坚定地认为自己是淑女，因此作者是奶奶的年轻版本，同样坚定地坚持自己的想法。故选B。
33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过这个，我想说服年轻女性，说出自己的观点，接受自己的信仰，保持独立是正确的。A. accuse指责；B. convince说服；C. inform通知；D. suspect怀疑。根据下文“smile, nod politely, and keep doing what you were doing anyway”可知，作者是在给年轻女性建议，想说服她们这样的做法是正确的。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过这个，我想说服年轻女性，说出自己的观点，接受自己的信仰，保持独立是正确的。A. proper正确的；B. passive被动的；C. conventional传统的；D. contradictory矛盾的。根据上文“I take great pride in my opinions, my brain, and the bravery in which I can ____11____ myself and the things that I believe in.”可知，作者为这样的做法感到自豪，因此是认为这样做是正确的。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在你的生活中，如果有人走过来让你安静，让你觉得你的观点不对，或者不注意你的感受，微笑，礼貌地点点头，然后继续做你正在做的事情。A. slows使减速；B. smoothes使平滑；C. quiets使安静；D. upsets打翻。根据下文“your voice”可推知，此处表示让你安静。故选C。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Emerging evidence in humans suggests a ____36____ (typical) Western high-fat, high-sugar junk food diet can quickly weaken your brain's appetite control.
After offering volunteers a week-long binge (大吃大喝) of waffles, milkshakes and similarly rich foods, researchers in Australia found young and healthy ones scored worse on memory tests and experienced a ____37____ (great) desire to eat junk food, even when they were already full.
The findings suggest something is special in the hippocampus (海马体)-a region of the brain ____38____ supports memory and helps to regulate appetite. When we are full, the hippocampus is thought to quieten down our memories of delicious food, thereby ____39____ (reduce) our appetite. When it’s interrupted, ____40____ control can be seriously damaged. Over the years, extensive research on ____41____ (mouse) has found the function of the hippocampus is very sensitive to junk food, but recently this has been observed only in young and healthy humans.
In 2017, after a week of Western-style breakfasts of ____42____ (toast) sandwiches and milkshakes, researchers found participants performed worse on learning and memory tests which are typically dependent ____43____ the hippocampus.
Now, in this latest study the scientists of the team ____44____ (find) that not only do such high-fat, high-sugar diets impair memory in humans, but they appear to directly affect our ability _____45_____ (control) our appetite.
【答案】36. typically
37. greater
38. that##which
39. reducing
40. the 41. mice
42. toasted
43. on 44. have found
45. to control
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述人们新发现的证据显示典型的西方高脂肪、高糖垃圾食品饮食会迅速削弱大脑的食欲控制。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：人类的新证据表明，典型的西方高脂肪、高糖垃圾食品饮食会迅速削弱大脑的食欲控制。分析句意可知，typical修饰western，western是形容词，应用副词typically修饰。故填typically。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：澳大利亚的研究人员为志愿者提供了为期一周的华夫饼、奶昔和类似的丰富食物后，发现年轻健康的志愿者在记忆测试中得分更差，即使已经吃饱了，他们也更渴望吃垃圾食品。根据句意可知，此处应使用great的比较级来指代他们的食欲增加。故填greater。
【38题详解】
考查关系词。句意：研究结果表明，海马体是大脑里的一个区域，里面中有一种特殊的物质支持记忆，有助于调节食欲。分析句子结构可知，a region of the brain 是hippocampus的同位语，此句的谓语是suggest，故supports是从句的谓语，先行词是hippocampus，在从句中做主语，故填that或者which。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：当我们吃饱时，海马体被认为可以平静我们对美味食物的记忆，从而降低我们的食欲。分析句子结构可知reduce在句中应用非谓语动词作结果状语，应用现在分词。故填reducing。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：如果中断，这种控制可能会严重受损。根据上文可知，control是第二次提及，故用定冠词the。故填the。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：多年来，对老鼠的广泛研究发现，海马体的功能对垃圾食品非常敏感，但最近仅在年轻和健康的人类中观察到这种情况。从句意可知，mouse应使用复数形式。故填mice。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：2017年，在吃了一周的烤三明治和奶昔的西式早餐后，研究人员发现参与者在学习和记忆测试中表现较差，而学习和记忆测试通常依赖于海马体。根据句意可知，“烤三明治”是完成的状态，故用过去分词。故填toasted。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：2017年，在吃了一周的烤三明治和奶昔的西式早餐后，研究人员发现参与者在学习和记忆测试中表现较差，而学习和记忆测试通常依赖于海马体。根据固定用法be dependent on，意为“依靠，依赖”。故填on。
【44题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：现在，在这项最新的研究中，该团队的科学家们发现，这种高脂肪、高糖的饮食不仅会损害人类的记忆力，而且似乎会直接影响我们控制食欲的能力。根据句意可知，这项研究从过去到现在一直没有中断，而且有发现，对现在产生了影响，应用现在完成时。主语为the scientists of the team，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填have found。
【45题详解】
考查不定式。句意：现在，在这项最新的研究中，该团队的科学家们发现，这种高脂肪、高糖的饮食不仅会损害人类的记忆力，而且似乎会直接影响我们控制食欲的能力。ability to do sth,是习惯性用法，意为“做某事的能力”。故填 to control。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，在某海外购物网站上订购了一款智能手表作为新年礼物送给母亲，但是收货之后出现了一些问题，请你给该网站客服写一封邮件，内容包括：1. 投诉内容；2. 你诉求。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir or Madam
I’m writing to express my dissatisfaction with the smartwatch I recently purchased from your online store.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir or Madam
I’m writing to express my dissatisfaction with the smartwatch I recently purchased from your online store.
I ordered it as a Mother’s Day gift in advance; however, the product arrived long after Mother’s day has passed, causing great inconvenience as I couldn’t present the gift to my mother on that very day. So I’m extremely disappointed with the slow delivery. Furthermore, the product I received is different from what was advertised. It lacks the promised features and functions, which makes it a poor choice as a gift. Therefore, I would like a full refund and I hope that future orders can be delivered promptly to avoid similar inconvenience.
I hope you’ll take my complaints seriously. I look forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一份投诉信，就在网上购买的智能手表进行投诉。
【详解】1.词汇积累
礼物：gift→present
提前： in advance→ahead of time
此外：furthermore→moreover
因此：therefore→thus
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I ordered it as a Mother’s Day gift in advance.
拓展句：I ordered it as a Mother’s Day gift in advance, which will give my mother a surprise.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Furthermore, the product I received is different from what was advertised. （运用了what引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】It lacks the promised features and functions, which makes it a poor choice as a gift. （运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
ALICE IN WONDERLAND is my favorite story of all time. And acting is my number one passion. At my old school, Poulsbo Elementary, I’d starred in every play from third grade on. Before that, gymnastics was my thing. But then I played my first role as Tinkerbell in Peter Pan. And after that, backflips just couldn’t compare.
So, when my teacher announced during my first week at Newland Elementary that we’d be performing Alice in Wonderland for the school play, I practically squealed out loud with excitement. I’d always wanted to play the role of Alice!
However, a week later, Mrs. Pearson announced, “The role of Alice goes to Denise Taylor!” My head buzzed. My stomach churned. But I clapped along with everyone else and pasted a fake smile on my face. It took Mrs. Pearson forever to get to my name. When she finally did, she read, “Hazel, Tyler, and Ella — hedgehogs!” She announced this as if we’d just won a million dollars. But the hedgehogs had no lines! They just got batted around with croquet mallets (槌球棒) and then disappeared forever.
Mrs. Pearson called the hedgehogs up after class. “Hedgehogs,” she said, “your roles are going to be a lot of fun! You might also consider helping out with our costumes! Go to the school storage room and get creative!” Mrs. Pearson looked at us expectantly. I snuck a glance at the other two. Ella looked as if she were about to cry. Tyler looked as if he’d just eaten a piece of moldy cheese.
THE NEXT DAY we went to school storage room, while we were picking up the costumes, Ella had one hand against the wall and appeared to be doing ballet warmups. “I really wanted to be the Queen of Hearts,” she said, raising her left leg so that it was almost parallel to her body. I remembered hearing that she danced the Nutcracker every year. “Yeah, well I wanted to be the Cheshire Cat,” said Tyler, as he pulled a fake gold crown out of the costume trunk. Then he did this cool backward turn, where he ended up bowing in front of us as he took the crown off and held it to his chest. Both of these guys seemed like really good dancers.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph1:
Suddenly I had an idea. “Guys, I know what we should do,” I said.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
“That was fantastic, hedgehogs!” Mrs. Pearson said. “Where did you learn to dance like that
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Suddenly I had an idea. “Guys, I know what we should do,” I said. My heart was pounding crazily. The first rehearsal finally came. Then came our cue. With the hedgehog costumes, we ran onstage in a line, steps synchronized and arms waving together. We stopped in front of the Queen of Hearts. She was so surprised that she almost forgot her next line. The Oueen took her mallet and aimed at Hedgehog 1—Ella. She spun and jumped across the stage using moves from Ballet. “Wow,” said everyone. The mallet came down on Hedgehod 2,Tyler. Tyler glided across the stage donig a sideways Moonwalk. The Queen looked excited as she prepared to hit me. When the Mallet tapped me, I did three back flips.
“That was fantastic, hedgehogs!” Mrs. Pearson said. “Where did you learn to dance like that The three of us looked at each other and proudly said, “We self-taught and practiced for a long time.” Mrs. Pearson showed a surprised expression. She was very optimistic about our performance and excitedly said, “You can officially perform on stage like this.” We jumped up with joy. We knew we managed to surprise everyone by making small parts cool. Finally, the performance was very successful. Especially when the three of us hedgehogs performed, everyone erupted into applause. I still miss my friends in Poulsbo. But Newland feels a lot less like the rabbit hole now, and a lot more like home.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索，主要讲述了作者从小就喜欢表演，以前她在Poulsbo小学时，经常表演后空翻。后来作者转到了Newland小学，第一周时老师就宣布他们将在学校演出《爱丽丝梦游仙境》。《爱丽丝梦游仙境》是作者最喜欢的故事，她想在这个演出中表演爱丽丝，但是老师对她并不熟悉，所以选中她和其他两个同学Tyler和Ella 演刺猬。另外的两个同学也不想演刺猬，而老师告诉他们刺猬是非常有趣的角色，他们也可以发挥自己的创意。所以作者就想到了一个主意。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段首句“突然我有了一个主意。“伙计们，我知道我们应该做什么，”我说。”可知，第一段可描写作者想到了一个好主意，他们可以在表演中发挥自己的特长，让三个刺猬看起来非常的有趣。
②由第二段首句““太棒了，刺猬！”皮尔逊夫人说。“你从哪里学的那样跳舞的？””可知，Mrs. Pearson觉得他们的表演非常有趣。而且他们在正式表演中获得了成功，作者也觉得同时融入了新的学校生活中。
2.续写线索：想到主意——发挥各自的特长——获得认可——表演成功——融入新生活
3.词汇激活
行为类
①轻拍：tap/pat
②爆发出阵阵掌声： erupt into applause/break into a burst of applause
③(心脏)狂跳：pound/beat
情绪类
①兴奋：excited/thrilled
②惊讶的：surprised/astonished
【点睛】【高分句型1】She was so surprised that she almost forgot her next line. （由so…that…引导了结果状语从句）
【高分句型2】The Queen looked excited as she prepared to hit me. （由as引导了时间状语从句）
