2023-2024学年高一英语完形填空解题技巧课件(共36张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2023-2024学年高一英语完形填空解题技巧课件(共36张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 1.7MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-02-19 18:34:41 | ||
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文档简介
(共36张PPT)
How to do a cloze
完形填空解题技巧
选一选
针对客户的需要，毫无保留地 自己最好的一面。
A. 表现 B.隐藏 C. 包装
结合上下文 情境还原 完形先完意
选一选
3. 针对客户的需要，毫无保留地 自己最好的一面。客户希望看到我们最美好的一面。
A. 表现 B.隐藏 C. 包装
2. 针对客户的需要，毫无保留地 自己最好的一面。包装成客户认可的标准。
A. 表现 B.隐藏 C. 包装
1. 针对客户的需要，毫无保留地 自己最好的一面。因为客户希望我们拿出最低的姿态，以此来衬托出客户的尊贵和美好。
A. 表现 B.隐藏 C. 包装
完形填空考点设置特点
1. 短文特点
题材：记叙文或夹叙夹议文
主题：贴近生活，小故事大道理，弘扬正能量
2. 设题规律
动词 名词 形容词 副词 介词
第一句不设空
逻辑链上挖空（原文中有线索词提示）
选项设计：同一词类、同一语法形式
1. 研读首局信息，
推测语篇主旨
2. 通读全文，掌握
大意，粗选答案
3. 注意前后呼应
4. 注意语意搭配
5. 巧用排除法
6. 全文贯通，
复查核定
完形填空解题思路
解题技巧
词汇运用
推理判断
紧抓主旨
1. The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without _____ his notes.
A. bring up B. referring to
C. looking for D. trying on.
bring up“养育，提出，吐出”， refer to“论及，谈到，参考”，look for“寻找”， try on“试穿”，
1. 词汇运用
利用所学词汇，根据文章大意辨析词义，选出最佳选项，如：
2. 推理判断
可以从以下几方面进行推理判断：
1、瞻前顾后，运用“前置信息”与“后置信息”, 即语境 运用同义词或近义词
2、词汇复现 运用反义词
运用上下义词
3、熟词生义
4、逻辑关系
5、生活常识及文化背景知识
1、瞻前顾后，运用“前置信息”与“后置信息”, 即语境。
充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。
2、词汇复现，在英语中有时为了避免重复，常用意思相同或相近的
词或解释性的语言来连接上下文。
3、熟词生义
4、逻辑关系 如表示结构层次的firstly, secondly, finally等；
如表示并列关系的and, or, besides, as well (as)等；
表示因果关系的thus, therefore, so等，
表示改变话题的by the way；
表示递进关系的besides, what’s more, further，moreover 等，
表示转折关系的however, but, while, on the other hand等 等。
做题时如果能充分利用这些过渡词汇，就可以迅速理清文章脉络，弄清上下文的关系。
5、生活常识及文化背景知识
2. My father had longed to play music since childhood, but his family was poor and couldn’t 43 lessons.
43. A. miss B.afford C. select D. understand
afford：v.买得起;(有时间)做,能做;通常与can、could或be able to连用
3. Stevenson, a Scotsman, had lived 26 for many years. In 1881 he returned to Scotland for a holiday.
26. A. alone B.next door C. at home D. abroad
根据文章的上文提到的Scotsman, 以及returned to Scotland可判断他居住在国外（live abroad）
4. He withdrew from many school activities he didn’t have the time or the________.He had only one good suit.
41. A. permits B.interest C. talent D. clothes
40 because
41
suit：一套西装
5. When I was 8 years old, I once decided to run away from home.With my suitcase______________ and some sandwiches in a bag, I started for the front door and said to Mom, “I’m leaving.”
...
The door inched open and Mom’s smiling face appeared.“Did you change your ______________about running away ” she asked．
47. A. conclusion B.promise C.concern D.decision
36 packed
47
~ sth (to sb) | ~ sb sth
conclusion: n.结论;推论
promise: v. 许诺;承诺; n. 诺言;许诺
concern:v.影响;与…有关;涉及;让(某人)担忧 n.(尤指许多人共同的)担心
decision:n.(作出的)决定，抉择
完形填空考常考哪些词？
以2019年全国卷为例
名词 动词 形容词 副词 介词 连词 代词 冠词 感叹词
8个
7个
4个
1个
/
/
/
/
/
6个
10个
2个
1个
1个
/
/
/
/
Ⅰ卷
Ⅱ卷
实词承载了具体实在的信息 ，包括名词和代词、动词、形容词和副词共三类五种。
名词在句子中往往充当主语和宾语。根据完形填空命题的原则之一——重复原则，名词和代词在文中应该有所重复，那么怎么样重复一个概念呢？无非就是换一种说法而已。通常名词和代词重复方法有四种：原词，指代词，同义词，近义词。有的时候反义词也可以帮助我们选择。
6. In particular, there was ( and perhaps still is) a belief in fairies(仙女). Not all of these 21 are friendly, people-loving characters that appear in Disney films, and...
21. A.babies B. believers C. fairies D.supermen
同词复现
7. All of a sudden I started to feel rather _1__. She wondered why I was looking for this sort of_2_ . I felt even more hopeless when she told me that it would be difficult to get a job without experience.
1. A. encouraged B. dissatisfied
C. hopeless D. pleased
2. A. place B. job C. advice D. help
同词复现
8. (全国卷Ⅱ）Nervousness and fear were replaced with 49 . It just started licking(舔) Ehlers’ face.
49. A. surprise B. joy C. hesitation D. anxiety
小词大逻辑：replaced with; however; but; 前后词义和感彩相反。
surprise: n.惊奇;惊讶;意外 v. 使惊奇;使诧异;
joy:n.高兴;愉快
hesitation:n.犹豫;疑虑;不情愿
anxiety:n.焦虑;忧虑
9. He taught her how to rely on her other ____, specifically her hearing…
A. feeling B. organs C. skills D. senses
10. I…dropped all the coins into… “It proved to be a waste of _______,” I thought…
A. words B. effort C. space D. money
11. (2019全国卷Ⅰ）Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro(乞力马扎罗山), the highest mountain in Africa. They 41 bring with them lots of waste. The 42 might damage the beauty of the place.
42. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters
同义复现
12. (新课标全国卷Ⅰ) As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this 41 at work in people of all 42ages.
41. A. principle B.habit C.way D.power
近义复现
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro... The (42)crowds might damage the beauty of the place.
As a general rule...As a matter of fact, we can see this 41principle at work in people of all 42ages.
小词大逻辑：复现：当句子中出现代词 this, that, those, these, her, his, their. 定冠词 the的时候，说明其后的名词不是第一次出现，应当在上文中寻找线索。
形容词&副词：能够体现作者的感彩和态度。要想把握空格里面的形容词和副词体现的是作者什么样的感彩和态度，要根据原文出现过的形容词和副词来把握判断，更要通过前后语境中所体现出来的感彩和态度来判断。这还是一个“寻找重复，逻辑分析”的过程。
13. I remember as a child I said something _______ about somebody, and my father said, “Any time you say something unpleasant about somebody else, it’s a reflection of you.”
A. unkind B. unnecessary C. unimportant D. unusual
unkind是近义词复现，从后暗示unpleasant. 在英语中有时为了避免重复，常用意思相同或相近的词或解释性的语言来连接上下文
15.Some parts of the water are very shallow(浅的). But in some places it is very 9 .
A. high B. deep
C. cold D. dangerous
语意的连贯有时通过对比的结构采用反义复现的
手段，或者是以反义的方式对前文加以解释。
16. I learned how to accept life as it is from my father. However, he did not teach me acceptance when he was strong and healthy, but rather when he was 37 and ill.
37. A. tired B. weak C. poor D. slow
反义词
17. We arrived in Spain for the first time a few weeks ago. I decided to buy a car because we had sold the one we had in England before____home.
A. leaving B. making C. returning D. getting
18. She was small in figure but strong in ____.
A. brain B. wish C. will D. health
利用逻辑关系：做题时如果能充分利用这些过渡词汇，就可以迅速理清文章脉络，弄清上下文的关系
19.It was an early morning in summer. In the streets, sleepy-eyed people were moving quickly, heading towards their____. This was the beginning of another ordinary day in New York City.
A. jobs B. homes C. buses D. offices
通过常识可知每天早上人们都匆忙地上班，
通过了解生活常识，可确定正确选项
20. Immediately, the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to the___ hospital.
A. animal B. biggest C. most famous D. nearest
通过了解生活常识，可确定正确选项
Practice makes perfect !
Finish the exercise of
cloze test 1
It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes. The 1 has been on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual (智力的) growth by 2 situation that are designed for the 3 children.
There can be little doubt that 4 classes can help the gifted children to graduate earlier and take their place in life sooner.
However, to take these 5 out of the regular classes may create serious problems.
1. A. principle B. theory C. arguments D. classification
2. A. designing B. grouping C. learning D. living
3. A. smart B. curious C. mature D. average
4. A. regular B. special C. small D. creative
5. A. children B. programs C. graduates D. designs
argued
children
classes
intellectual
____
children
_____
____
____
these
However
gifted
同词（同源词）暗示
同一话题暗示
同一话题（场景）暗示
反义暗示
反义暗示
因果暗示
______
___________________________________
_____________________________
However, to take these 5 out of the regular classes may create serious problems.
I observed a number of 6 children who were taken out of a special class and placed in a 7 class. In the special class, they showed little ability to use their own judgment, relying 8 on their teachers’ directions. In the regular class, having no worry about keeping up, they began to reflect 9 on many problems, some of which were not on the school program.
5. A. children B. programs C. graduates D. designs
6. A. intelligent B. competent
C. ordinary D. independent
7. A. separate B. regular C. new D. boring
8. A. specially B. slightly C. wrongly D. heavily
9. A. directly B. cleverly C. voluntarily D. quickly
_________________
_________
_______
反义暗示
与 gifted 近义暗示
gifted children
_________________________________
因果暗示
反义暗示
因果暗示
Many are concerned that gifted children become 10 and lose interest in learning. However this 11 is more often from parents and teachers than from students, and some of these 12 simply conclude that special classes should be set up for those who are 13 . Some top students do feel bored in class, but why they 14 so goes far beyond the work they have in school. Studies have shown that to be bored is to be anxious. The gifted child who is bored is an 15 child.
10. A. doubted B. bored C. worried D. tired
11. A. concern B. conclusion C. reflection D. interest
12. A. students B. adults C. scholars D. teachers
13. A. talented B. worried C. learned D. interested
14. A. believe B. think C. say D. feel
15. A. outstanding B. intelligent C. anxious D. ordinary
_____________________
this
_________
these
_____________________
___
____
so
_______
近义暗示
同词（同源词）暗示
上下义词暗示
______
近义暗示
同词（同源词）暗示
近义暗示
______
_____
_____
同词（同源词）暗示
同词（同源词）暗示
感谢观看
Thank you
How to do a cloze
完形填空解题技巧
选一选
针对客户的需要，毫无保留地 自己最好的一面。
A. 表现 B.隐藏 C. 包装
结合上下文 情境还原 完形先完意
选一选
3. 针对客户的需要，毫无保留地 自己最好的一面。客户希望看到我们最美好的一面。
A. 表现 B.隐藏 C. 包装
2. 针对客户的需要，毫无保留地 自己最好的一面。包装成客户认可的标准。
A. 表现 B.隐藏 C. 包装
1. 针对客户的需要，毫无保留地 自己最好的一面。因为客户希望我们拿出最低的姿态，以此来衬托出客户的尊贵和美好。
A. 表现 B.隐藏 C. 包装
完形填空考点设置特点
1. 短文特点
题材：记叙文或夹叙夹议文
主题：贴近生活，小故事大道理，弘扬正能量
2. 设题规律
动词 名词 形容词 副词 介词
第一句不设空
逻辑链上挖空（原文中有线索词提示）
选项设计：同一词类、同一语法形式
1. 研读首局信息，
推测语篇主旨
2. 通读全文，掌握
大意，粗选答案
3. 注意前后呼应
4. 注意语意搭配
5. 巧用排除法
6. 全文贯通，
复查核定
完形填空解题思路
解题技巧
词汇运用
推理判断
紧抓主旨
1. The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without _____ his notes.
A. bring up B. referring to
C. looking for D. trying on.
bring up“养育，提出，吐出”， refer to“论及，谈到，参考”，look for“寻找”， try on“试穿”，
1. 词汇运用
利用所学词汇，根据文章大意辨析词义，选出最佳选项，如：
2. 推理判断
可以从以下几方面进行推理判断：
1、瞻前顾后，运用“前置信息”与“后置信息”, 即语境 运用同义词或近义词
2、词汇复现 运用反义词
运用上下义词
3、熟词生义
4、逻辑关系
5、生活常识及文化背景知识
1、瞻前顾后，运用“前置信息”与“后置信息”, 即语境。
充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。
2、词汇复现，在英语中有时为了避免重复，常用意思相同或相近的
词或解释性的语言来连接上下文。
3、熟词生义
4、逻辑关系 如表示结构层次的firstly, secondly, finally等；
如表示并列关系的and, or, besides, as well (as)等；
表示因果关系的thus, therefore, so等，
表示改变话题的by the way；
表示递进关系的besides, what’s more, further，moreover 等，
表示转折关系的however, but, while, on the other hand等 等。
做题时如果能充分利用这些过渡词汇，就可以迅速理清文章脉络，弄清上下文的关系。
5、生活常识及文化背景知识
2. My father had longed to play music since childhood, but his family was poor and couldn’t 43 lessons.
43. A. miss B.afford C. select D. understand
afford：v.买得起;(有时间)做,能做;通常与can、could或be able to连用
3. Stevenson, a Scotsman, had lived 26 for many years. In 1881 he returned to Scotland for a holiday.
26. A. alone B.next door C. at home D. abroad
根据文章的上文提到的Scotsman, 以及returned to Scotland可判断他居住在国外（live abroad）
4. He withdrew from many school activities he didn’t have the time or the________.He had only one good suit.
41. A. permits B.interest C. talent D. clothes
40 because
41
suit：一套西装
5. When I was 8 years old, I once decided to run away from home.With my suitcase______________ and some sandwiches in a bag, I started for the front door and said to Mom, “I’m leaving.”
...
The door inched open and Mom’s smiling face appeared.“Did you change your ______________about running away ” she asked．
47. A. conclusion B.promise C.concern D.decision
36 packed
47
~ sth (to sb) | ~ sb sth
conclusion: n.结论;推论
promise: v. 许诺;承诺; n. 诺言;许诺
concern:v.影响;与…有关;涉及;让(某人)担忧 n.(尤指许多人共同的)担心
decision:n.(作出的)决定，抉择
完形填空考常考哪些词？
以2019年全国卷为例
名词 动词 形容词 副词 介词 连词 代词 冠词 感叹词
8个
7个
4个
1个
/
/
/
/
/
6个
10个
2个
1个
1个
/
/
/
/
Ⅰ卷
Ⅱ卷
实词承载了具体实在的信息 ，包括名词和代词、动词、形容词和副词共三类五种。
名词在句子中往往充当主语和宾语。根据完形填空命题的原则之一——重复原则，名词和代词在文中应该有所重复，那么怎么样重复一个概念呢？无非就是换一种说法而已。通常名词和代词重复方法有四种：原词，指代词，同义词，近义词。有的时候反义词也可以帮助我们选择。
6. In particular, there was ( and perhaps still is) a belief in fairies(仙女). Not all of these 21 are friendly, people-loving characters that appear in Disney films, and...
21. A.babies B. believers C. fairies D.supermen
同词复现
7. All of a sudden I started to feel rather _1__. She wondered why I was looking for this sort of_2_ . I felt even more hopeless when she told me that it would be difficult to get a job without experience.
1. A. encouraged B. dissatisfied
C. hopeless D. pleased
2. A. place B. job C. advice D. help
同词复现
8. (全国卷Ⅱ）Nervousness and fear were replaced with 49 . It just started licking(舔) Ehlers’ face.
49. A. surprise B. joy C. hesitation D. anxiety
小词大逻辑：replaced with; however; but; 前后词义和感彩相反。
surprise: n.惊奇;惊讶;意外 v. 使惊奇;使诧异;
joy:n.高兴;愉快
hesitation:n.犹豫;疑虑;不情愿
anxiety:n.焦虑;忧虑
9. He taught her how to rely on her other ____, specifically her hearing…
A. feeling B. organs C. skills D. senses
10. I…dropped all the coins into… “It proved to be a waste of _______,” I thought…
A. words B. effort C. space D. money
11. (2019全国卷Ⅰ）Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro(乞力马扎罗山), the highest mountain in Africa. They 41 bring with them lots of waste. The 42 might damage the beauty of the place.
42. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters
同义复现
12. (新课标全国卷Ⅰ) As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this 41 at work in people of all 42ages.
41. A. principle B.habit C.way D.power
近义复现
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro... The (42)crowds might damage the beauty of the place.
As a general rule...As a matter of fact, we can see this 41principle at work in people of all 42ages.
小词大逻辑：复现：当句子中出现代词 this, that, those, these, her, his, their. 定冠词 the的时候，说明其后的名词不是第一次出现，应当在上文中寻找线索。
形容词&副词：能够体现作者的感彩和态度。要想把握空格里面的形容词和副词体现的是作者什么样的感彩和态度，要根据原文出现过的形容词和副词来把握判断，更要通过前后语境中所体现出来的感彩和态度来判断。这还是一个“寻找重复，逻辑分析”的过程。
13. I remember as a child I said something _______ about somebody, and my father said, “Any time you say something unpleasant about somebody else, it’s a reflection of you.”
A. unkind B. unnecessary C. unimportant D. unusual
unkind是近义词复现，从后暗示unpleasant. 在英语中有时为了避免重复，常用意思相同或相近的词或解释性的语言来连接上下文
15.Some parts of the water are very shallow(浅的). But in some places it is very 9 .
A. high B. deep
C. cold D. dangerous
语意的连贯有时通过对比的结构采用反义复现的
手段，或者是以反义的方式对前文加以解释。
16. I learned how to accept life as it is from my father. However, he did not teach me acceptance when he was strong and healthy, but rather when he was 37 and ill.
37. A. tired B. weak C. poor D. slow
反义词
17. We arrived in Spain for the first time a few weeks ago. I decided to buy a car because we had sold the one we had in England before____home.
A. leaving B. making C. returning D. getting
18. She was small in figure but strong in ____.
A. brain B. wish C. will D. health
利用逻辑关系：做题时如果能充分利用这些过渡词汇，就可以迅速理清文章脉络，弄清上下文的关系
19.It was an early morning in summer. In the streets, sleepy-eyed people were moving quickly, heading towards their____. This was the beginning of another ordinary day in New York City.
A. jobs B. homes C. buses D. offices
通过常识可知每天早上人们都匆忙地上班，
通过了解生活常识，可确定正确选项
20. Immediately, the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to the___ hospital.
A. animal B. biggest C. most famous D. nearest
通过了解生活常识，可确定正确选项
Practice makes perfect !
Finish the exercise of
cloze test 1
It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes. The 1 has been on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual (智力的) growth by 2 situation that are designed for the 3 children.
There can be little doubt that 4 classes can help the gifted children to graduate earlier and take their place in life sooner.
However, to take these 5 out of the regular classes may create serious problems.
1. A. principle B. theory C. arguments D. classification
2. A. designing B. grouping C. learning D. living
3. A. smart B. curious C. mature D. average
4. A. regular B. special C. small D. creative
5. A. children B. programs C. graduates D. designs
argued
children
classes
intellectual
____
children
_____
____
____
these
However
gifted
同词（同源词）暗示
同一话题暗示
同一话题（场景）暗示
反义暗示
反义暗示
因果暗示
______
___________________________________
_____________________________
However, to take these 5 out of the regular classes may create serious problems.
I observed a number of 6 children who were taken out of a special class and placed in a 7 class. In the special class, they showed little ability to use their own judgment, relying 8 on their teachers’ directions. In the regular class, having no worry about keeping up, they began to reflect 9 on many problems, some of which were not on the school program.
5. A. children B. programs C. graduates D. designs
6. A. intelligent B. competent
C. ordinary D. independent
7. A. separate B. regular C. new D. boring
8. A. specially B. slightly C. wrongly D. heavily
9. A. directly B. cleverly C. voluntarily D. quickly
_________________
_________
_______
反义暗示
与 gifted 近义暗示
gifted children
_________________________________
因果暗示
反义暗示
因果暗示
Many are concerned that gifted children become 10 and lose interest in learning. However this 11 is more often from parents and teachers than from students, and some of these 12 simply conclude that special classes should be set up for those who are 13 . Some top students do feel bored in class, but why they 14 so goes far beyond the work they have in school. Studies have shown that to be bored is to be anxious. The gifted child who is bored is an 15 child.
10. A. doubted B. bored C. worried D. tired
11. A. concern B. conclusion C. reflection D. interest
12. A. students B. adults C. scholars D. teachers
13. A. talented B. worried C. learned D. interested
14. A. believe B. think C. say D. feel
15. A. outstanding B. intelligent C. anxious D. ordinary
_____________________
this
_________
these
_____________________
___
____
so
_______
近义暗示
同词（同源词）暗示
上下义词暗示
______
近义暗示
同词（同源词）暗示
近义暗示
______
_____
_____
同词（同源词）暗示
同词（同源词）暗示
感谢观看
Thank you