外研版（2019）必修第一册Unit 6 At one with nature Developing ideas 课件(共41张PPT)

(共41张PPT)
B1U6
Summary Writing
Water trickles pastorally off of the tips of cut bamboo stalks. A gentle breezes sways the branches of a grove of trees as a Chinese flute plays softly in the background. It’s just a day in the life of Li Ziqi, who may be the most famous YouTuber you haven’t heard of.
The phenomenally popular Chinese food blogger, with almost 10 million YouTube subscribers and 24 million followers on Sina Weibo, posts almost fairy-tale-like videos of her life in rural Sichuan －chatting with her grandmother, foraging, cooking rustic, positively perfect-looking food, and also maybe wearing a giant red cape and riding through the forest on horseback.
Q1: What's the news mainly about
Q2: Which sentence gives the core information？
Q3: What are the other sentences intended for
a long
text
a
summary
lose weight
delete
50-70 words
350 words
60 words
What is a summary
A summary is a brief statement that gives only the main points of sth, not the details 《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
Read and pick out the topic sentence of each paragraph.
Work out the logic between the topic sentence and its supporting sentences.
？
British people love to make tea with fruit and herbs. With pleasant flavors and scents, and coming in a variety of colors, fruit and herbal teas make a nice change to traditional teas. Many people grow their own tea gardens, in which they plant easy-to-grow herbs such as mint and lemongrass.
topic sentence
reason
fact
their popularity
Herbal tea has various health benefits. Many people enjoy herbal tea because it can have a positive effect on energy levels. If you need a good night's sleep, choose a tea that helps you relax. If you haven't been feeling very well, drink some ginger tea to give your immune system a helping hand. Mint tea, meanwhile, is good for digestion.
topic sentence
example1
example2
example3
health
benefits
reason
Flavors such as lemon and ginger have long been popular in the UK. However, recent years have seen more and more unusual flavors come onto the market. Fruit teas now include mango, strawberry, apple and pear. Herbal teas include blackberry leaf and dandelion.
fact
topic sentence
example1
example2
unusual flavors
Think and decide
what information is supposed to be put in the summary.
Fruit & Herbal Teas
their
popularity
unusual
flavors
health
benefits
topic sentence
reason
fact
fact
topic sentence
example1
example2
topic sentence
reason
example1
example2
example3

British people love to make tea with fruit and herbs. With pleasant flavors and scents, and coming in a variety of colors, fruit and herbal teas make a nice change to traditional teas. Many people grow their own tea gardens, in which they plant easy-to-grow herbs such as mint and lemongrass.
topic sentence
reason
fact
their popularity
Flavors such as lemon and ginger have long been popular in the UK. However, recent years have seen more and more unusual flavors come onto the market. Fruit teas now include mango, strawberry, apple and pear. Herbal teas include blackberry leaf and dandelion.
fact
topic sentence
example1
example2
unusual flavors
Herbal tea has various health benefits. Many people enjoy herbal tea because it can have a positive effect on energy levels. If you need a good night's sleep, choose a tea that helps you relax. If you haven't been feeling very well, drink some ginger tea to give your immune system a helping hand. Mint tea, meanwhile, is good for digestion.
topic sentence
example1
example2
example3
health
benefits
reason
change words and phrases
（替换字词）
change the part of speech
（改变词性）
change sentence patterns
（改变句式）
…
Ways to paraphrase
概括要点
同义表达
How to write a summary
3
Summarize each paragraph with one sentence and make sure
①the subject of the sentence matches the topic of the whole passage;
②the whole sentence focuses on the main idea of the paragraph.
连接成文
British people love to make tea with fruit and herbs. With pleasant flavors and scents, and coming in a variety of colors, fruit and herbal teas make a nice change to traditional teas.
Fruit and herbal teas, with pleasant flavors, scents and colors, _____________________________________________ .
① gain great popularity among British people
② are popular with British people
their popularity
替换字词
改变词性
However, recent years have seen more and more unusual flavors come onto the market.
More unusual flavors _________________________________________.
unusual flavors
替换字词
改变语态
① have become available in the UK
② can be found in the UK
Herbal tea has various health benefits. Many people enjoy herbal tea because it can have a positive effect on energy levels.
Herbal tea can bring people many health benefits,
① for _________________________________
② ______________ one's energy levels can be positively adjusted.
health
benefits
it can positively affect one's energy levels.
with which
改变句式
改变语态
A possible version:
With great flavors, scents and colors, fruit teas and herbal teas, gain great popularity among British people. __________________, more unusual flavors have become available in the UK. Herbal tea, _____________, can bring people many health benefits, for they can positively affect one's energy levels.
In recent years
in particular
阅卷时主要考虑以下内容：
1.对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；
2.应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；
3.上下文的连贯性；
4.对各要点表达的独立性情况。
概要写作的四项基本原则
1.一定要使用第三人称。
2.一定不可加入自己的观点。
3.一定不可对原文内容加以评论。
4.一定不要引入与原文内容无关的信息。
说明现象/问题: introduce the phenomenon/problem + reason + solution (cause and effect)
说明物品: how it is made, how it is used, how it may change, what makes it new or significant
Who Why What When Where How
The result
The opinion of the writer
Argument 1/supporting detail l
Argument 2/supporting detail 2
Conclusion
Narration
Argumentation
Exposition
The Renaissance (15th to 16th century)
During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements.
One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.
【分析】
Step 1: Determine the type of writing and identify the topic as well as the author’s purpose
确定体裁，明确主题
体裁：_______________________
主题： _______________________
Step 2: Divide the passage& summarize the main idea of each part.
明确文章结构
Step 3: Highlight the key information of each part.
划出主题句和关键信息
Para1：
During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements.
Para2：
One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.
Information about perspective:
Put forward: Masaccio; 1428
Content: … looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene.
Assistance: By coincidence, oil paints were also developed…
【分析】
Step 1: Determine the type of writing and identify the topic as well as the author’s purpose
确定体裁，明确主题
体裁：_______________________
主题： _______________________
Step 2: Divide the passage& summarize the main idea of each part.
明确文章结构
Step 3: Highlight the key information of each part.
划出主题句和关键信息
Step 4: Make an outline of the passage
Step 5: Write the first draft
During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages.
In the Renaissance, new viewpoints were in place of those hundreds years ago.
People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life.
Firstly, people focused more on humanistic themes 【rather than】 religious ones.
At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were.
Secondly, painters returned to classical ideas, which attached great importance to real people and nature.
People had different viewpoints during the Renaissance. People focused more on humanistic themes rather than religious ones. Meanwhile, painters returned to classical ideas which focused on real people and nature. (29 words)
Para 1.
People had different viewpoints during the Renaissance. People focused more on humanistic themes rather than religious ones. Meanwhile, painters returned to classical ideas which focused on real people and nature.
The perspective proposed by Masaccio in 1428 became the typical painting characteristic in that period. With the development of oil paints, people felt like seeing reality through a hole. (59 words)
When talking about the two sexes, people often say that men are from Mars and women are from Venus. Without doubt, men and women have great differences in many ways.
These contrasts in character could all be down to supposed differences between the male and female brains. For example, a study led by British psychologist Stuart Ritchie in 2012 found that men's brains are on average 10 percent bigger than women's. And another study led by Israeli psychologist Daphna Joel at Tel Aviv University in 2015furtherclaimedthat differences exist in male and female brains, although each individual's brain has a "mix of features", as New Scientist wrote.
But Lise Eliot, a professor of neuroscience(神经学)at the Chicago Medical School, begs to differ. She recently said that the brain is a unisex(不分性别的)organ. Through analyzing brain data of several different men and women, Eliot found that the statistics about brain differences mean nothing. According to her findings, male and female brains are not much more different from each other than male or female hearts or kidneys. And more importantly, these differences don't show that male and female brains work differently.
So, if it's not in the brain, what makes males and females behave differently The answer may lie in socialization, according to The Atlantic. In the past, many gender studies ignored the effects of a person's social background and upbringing, relying on other data instead. Take former Harvard University president Lawrence Summers for example. He used a 1970 study that showed men outperformed women 13-to-one on the math part of the SAT to argue that males are more suited to science subjects. However, another study found that if females were given better opportunities to study science subjects, the rate would drop to three-to-one.
Exposition
Undeniably, men and women differ widely in many aspects.
Previous studies attribute the distinctions in character to the differences between male and female brains.
However, Professor Eliot argues that they have nothing to do with brains based on the data analysis. It is socialization, such as background and parenting, that can account for the contrasts, which was neglected in the past, though.
Exposition 范文
Narration
Like many new graduates， I left university full of hope for the future but with no real idea of what I wanted to do. My degree，with honors，in English literature had not really prepared me for anything practical. I knew I wanted to make a difference in the world somehow， but I had no idea how to do that. That’s when I learned about the lighthouse Project .
I started my journey as a Lighthouse Project volunteer by reading as much as I could about the experiences of previous volunteers. I knew it would be a lot of hard work， and that I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time. In short， I did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project lightly. Neither did my family.
Eventually， however， I won the support of my family， and I sent in all the paperwork needed for application. After countless interviews and presentations， I managed to stand out among the candidates and survive the test alone. Several months later， I finally received a call asking me to report for duty. I would be going to a small village near Abuja， Nigeria. Where What Nigeria I had no idea. But I was about to find out .
After completing my training， I was sent to the village that was small and desperately in need of proper accommodation. Though the local villagers were poor， they offered their homes， hearts， and food as if I were their own family. I was asked to lead a small team of local people in building a new schoolhouse. For the next year or so， I taught in that same schoolhouse. But I sometimes think I learned more from my students than they did from me .
Sometime during that period， I realized that all those things that had seemed so strange or unusual to me no longer did though I did not get anywhere with the local language， and I returned to the United States a different man. The lighthouse project had changed my life forever.
①After graduation from university the author was at a loss about how to fulfill his ambition until he decided to land a job with the Lighthouse Project. ( 要点1)
②Adequate preparation and family support finally won him the job as a volunteer teacher in a remote village. (要点 2)
③The experience taught him to see life in a new light and embrace a better self. (要点3)(61 words)
Narration 范文
Argumentation
Exercise is defined as any movement that makes your muscles work and requires your body to burn calories. There are many types of physical activity. Being active has been shown to have many health benefits, both physically and mentally.
Exercise plays a key role in building strong muscles and bones. This is because it helps release hormones that promote your muscles' ability to absorb amino acids（氨基酸）.This helps them grow and reduces their breakdown. As people age, they tend to lose muscle mass and function, which can lead to an increased risk of injury. Practicing regular physical activity is essential to reducing muscle loss and maintaining strength as you age. Exercise not only helps build bone density when you're younger, but also helps prevent osteoporosis （骨质疏松症） later in life.
Exercise plays a key role in building strong muscles and bones. This is because it helps release hormones that promote your muscles' ability to absorb amino acids（氨基酸）.This helps them grow and reduces their breakdown. As people age, they tend to lose muscle mass and function, which can lead to an increased risk of injury. Practicing regular physical activity is essential to reducing muscle loss and maintaining strength as you age. Exercise not only helps build bone density when you're younger, but also helps prevent osteoporosis （骨质疏松症） later in life.
Exercise can help with sleep quality. The energy loss that occurs during exercise encourages restorative（康复 的） processes during sleep. Moreover, the increase in body temperature that occurs during exercise is thought to improve sleep quality by helping body temperature drop during sleep. Many studies on the effects of exercise on sleep have reached similar conclusions. One review of six studies found that participating in an exercise training program helped improve self-reported sleep quality.
Exercise works your muscles and burns extra calories.（定义没写不扣分） Being active in it benefits your physical and mental health. （要点 1）It helps strengthen your muscles and bones no matter how old you are. （要点 2） Apart from that, it helps to keep your mind sharp and prevent memory loss, （要点 3）let alone its positive effects on the improvement of your sleep quality. （要点 4）(63 words)
Argumentation范文
If you haven’t seen alpaca meat (羊驼肉) on the menu yet, chances are you soon will. It is rising in popularity; about 70 restaurants across Australia feature the meat in their dishes. Among them is Melbourne restaurant Pastuso, whose head chef appeared in a video by the Australian Alpaca Association to discuss how people have liked the dish. Alejandro Saravia, a Peruvian cook at Pastuso, described the taste as similar to beef. "Alpaca meat has been very well enjoyed by the Australian public," he said in the video.
Famous cook Matt Moran, who owns some of Sydney’s leading restaurants, wrote an article for The Daily Telegraph to discuss his experience of cooking alpaca meat. Moran said he had never tried the meat until he visited an alpaca farm, and described the flavour as "very tasty", especially the meat from the neck. Alpaca meat has also starred in dishes at the Melbourne Food and Wine Festival, with The Age reporting in 2013 about 20 Australian restaurants served the meat, a number which has grown quickly since.
Melbourne restaurant San Telmo’s head cook Mike Patrick researched an alpaca dish, and said the response was mixed. "It was 50/50: some people said ‘oh wow — what are you cooking that for No thank you’ and others thought ‘this is really cool and something different and I want to have a try’. The people who tried it loved it. It’s a point of difference and people like that."
In Australia alpacas are farmed mainly for their fur, but the Australian Alpaca Association website said farming alpacas for meat is a growing industry. Alpaca meat is a good source of protein with little saturated fat and cholesterol(胆固醇); it is also environmentally friendly when people feed them. Alpacas are able to stand dry conditions for longer than most other animals, and their soft feet cause little damage to the soil and ecosystem.
You may soon enjoy alpaca meat because it is becoming popular. (要点1) More and more restaurants are serving it for its delicious taste, which is thought highly of by cooks. (要点2) About half people wanting to try it like its taste while others even refuse to try it. (要点3) Alpaca meat is rich in health-beneficial protein and raising alpacas does little harm to the environment and ecosystem, which leads to the development of the industry of feeding alpacas for meat.(要点4)
A new study has been published that puts water quality and the skin of babies under the microscope. Dr. Carsten Flohr and his team at King’s College London presented the results of their population-based study in The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.
Researchers involved about 1,300 three-month-old babies from across the UK in this study. They looked specifically at the level of calcium carbonate(碳酸钙) in the water, which is a measure of water hardness. The level of chlorine(氯) in the family’s water supply was also taken into consideration, as was the use of bathing products, and how regularly the babies were bathed. The babies were then examined for the presence of childhood eczema(湿疹). The natural barrier of their skin was also examined; babies were screened for the FLG gene which is associated with an affected skin barrier.
The study found that hard water is linked to an 87 percent increased risk of eczema for babies of three months of age. "Our study builds on growing evidence of a link between exposure to hard water and the risk of developing eczema in childhood. It’s not yet clear whether calcium carbonate has a direct bad effect on the skin barrier, or whether other environmental factors directly related to water hardness, such as the water’s pH, may be responsible," Dr. Carsten Flohr said.
And the study, thankfully, doesn’t end there. Dr. Flohr will be examining these results further, with a new study in the works. This late study is due to begin later this year and the question they will be seeking to answer is whether a device to lower water hardness in households will have any effect on the skin of babies. If a device is introduced into a household when a baby is born, will the risk of eczema developing be reduced For those with babies or children suffering, this could be the news you have hoped for.
New research into the link between water quality and infant skin health has made progress.(要点1) To draw the conclusion, researchers examined about 1,300 3-month-old infants, taking various factors such as water hardness into consideration. (要点2) They found hard water made the risk of eczema for babies increase by 87%, but questions like whether calcium carbonate harms the skin barrier directly remain unclear. (要点3) Dr. Flohr will further examine whether a household device lowering water hardness benefits babies’ skin or protects them from eczema. (要点4)
Item Check if they Done Put a tick √
1. cover enough key points.
2. ensure the subject of each sentence matches the topic of the whole passage and the whole sentence focuses on the main idea of each paragraph.
3. use synonyms to substitute some of the main words.
4. leave out the unnecessary words, quotes, examples.
5. have used accurate language (grammar, spelling, punctuation)
Share your summary
Reflection
A topic sentence + supporting sentences
A topic sentence is __________________________________________________________________
Supporting sentences are ____________________________________________________________
Steps to write a summary:
Ways to paraphrase:
1.I can paraphrase __________________ by changing the words.
2.I can paraphrase __________________ by ____________________________.
3.I can paraphrase __________________ by ____________________________.
I want to learn more:
_____________________________________________________________________
Step 1 Read the passage and figure out topic sentences in paragraphs.
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4