广东省阳江市黄冈重点学校2023~2024学年高一下学期开学收心考试英语试卷（含答案）

阳江市黄冈重点学校2023~2024学年第二学期高一开学收心考试
英语试题
（考试时间：90分钟 满分：120分）
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。
2.第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3.第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
.第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Most Beautiful Train Stations in the World
Tokyo Station Marunouchi Building
The wide-open entrance square on the Marunouchi side of Tokyo’s main train station would look more at home in Amsterdam or Paris. Kingo Tatsuno’s classical European design took over six years to complete, finally opening in 1914. The statin has received several facelifts since the Second World War, most recently in 2012. It’s one of the biggest and busiest train stations in the world.
Beijing West Railway Station
The idea of building this station in the capital of China was put forward as early as 1959 but didn’t come to reality until 1996. It was the largest station in Asia at the time, although Shanghai’s Hongqiao Station has since surpassed it. The station itself has a unique architectural (建筑的) style, with the main body of the building having quite a functional Russian look, but the rooftop is decorated with three amazing Chinese pagodas.
Duoliang Station, Taiwan
This is the smallest station on this lit by a distance. In fact we’re not really choosing Duoliang for architectural reasons. This station is all about location, location, location. Surrounded by hi top greenery on one side and amazing Pacific Ocean scenery on the other, it’s one of the most scenic spots in all of Taiwan. This isn’t even a working station anymore, but the platforms have been adapted into viewing spots, extremely popular with local train spotters.
Stazione Milano Centrale in Milan
Milan’s central train station looks pretty much exactly as you’d imagine it. There are a mix of styles at play here, from Art Nouveau to Art Deco, but the entire building is filled with a classic sense of Roman monumentality. The outer look is guarded by two statues, while its insides are equally impressive, as grand stonewalls curve (弯曲) into the station’s glass ceilings.
1. What do Tokyo Station and Beijing West Railway Station have in common
A. Both have European features.
B. Both were built in the early 1990s.
C. Both have been rebuilt several times.
D. Both are the largest domestic stations.
2. What do train spotters favor most about Duoliang Station
A. Its distance. B. Its small size.
C. Its surrounding scenery. D. Its architectural style.
3. What makes Stazione Milano Centrale impressive
A. Roman buildings B. Its various styles.
C. Statues on the walls D. The curving ceilings.
B
The last attempt of Ken Campbell to run could date back to high school. When his wife, Susan, injured her foot, she needed support to rejoin her running group, so Campbell went along to keep her company in the recovery.” We were just walking at the beginning,” he says, “I was heavy, and weighed over 90kg.” But as the weeks and months passed, the weight fell away, Susan recovered and Campbell’s abilities grew. At the age of 63, he ran 50km, and at 70, he completed a 100km ultramarathon.
So how does someone with no experience of running become an ultradistance runner in his 60s and 70s Susan had run marathons before her injury, but for Campbell, the turning point came when Susan’s Fleet Feet running group started training near their home.
Campbell went out to visit Susan’s group, and “the paths were a terrible mess. It had been raining, and I was slipping, sliding and falling. But I thought, well, I like this a lot.” What he liked above all was the feeling of “being wrapped by the path, being hugged by the closeness of the plants and the nearness of the river”.
Running the 100km ultramarathon took Campbell 16 hours. When Campbell crossed the finish line, Susan handed hima100km sticker to display on the back of his truck. “It is a public statement that you are part of this community,” he says. “Wherever we park, I see a line of vehicles with their various stickers and I feel that we area community.”
Campbell suffered from arthritis before he started running, and was “waiting for knee replacement”, but for now, he no longer needs an operation. It can put an end to the running—but the “sense of wellbeing and achievement will carry me on forever”, he says, “If I can’t run, I will walk.”
4. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about
A. What led to Campbell’s weight loss.
B. What made Campbell start running.
C. Why Campbell attempted to run marathon.
D. What Campbell did for Susan’s recovery.
5. What was the turning point for Campbell
A. Susan’s starting training. B. Falling down when training.
C. Feeling free in nature. D. His visit to Susan’s group.
6. What did the 100km sticker mean to Campbell
A. A sense of belonging. B. Encouragement from his wife.
C. A sense of achievement. D. Display of his happiness.
7. What can we learn from the passage
A. Well begun is half done. B. It is never too late to begin.
C. Failure is the mother of success. D. Actions speak louder than words.
C
If a diver surfaces（浮出水面） too quickly，he may suffer the bends（减压病）．Nitrogen （氮） dissolved （溶解） in his blood is suddenly liberated（释放）by the reduction of pressure．The consequence，if the bubbles （气泡） accumulate in a joint，is sharp pain and a bent body-thus the name．If the bubbles form in his lungs or his brain，the consequence can be death．
Other air-breathing animals also suffer this decompression（减压）sickness if they surface too fast：whales，for example．And so，long ago，did ichthyosaurs（鱼龙）．That these ancient sea animals got the bends can be seen from their bones．If bubbles of nitrogen form inside the bone they can cut off its blood supply．This kills the cells in the bone，and consequently weakens it，sometimes to the point of collapse．Fossil （化石） bones that have caved in on themselves are thus a sign that the animal once had the bends．
Bruce Rothschild of the University of Kansas knew all this when he began a study of ichthyosaur bones to find out how widespread the problem was in the past．What he particularly wanted to investigate was how ichthyosaurs adapted to the problem of decompression over the 150million years．To this end，he and his colleagues traveled the world's natural-history museums，looking at hundreds of ichthyosaurs from the Triassic（三叠纪） period and from the later Jurassic（侏罗纪） and Cretaceous（白垩纪） periods．
When he started，he assumed that signs of the bends would be rarer in younger fossils，reflecting their gradual evolution（进化）of measures to deal with decompression．Instead，he was astonished to discover the opposite．More than 15% of Jurassic and Cretaceous ichthyosaurs had suffered the bends before they died，but not a single Triassic specimen （标本） showed evidence of that sort of injury．
If ichthyosaurs did evolve an anti-decompression means，they clearly did so quickly-and，most strangely，they lost it afterwards．But that is not what Dr Rothschild thinks happened．He suspects it was evolution in other animals that caused the change．
Whales that suffer the bends often do so because they have surfaced to escape a predator （捕食动物） such as a large shark．One of the features of Jurassic oceans was an abundance of large sharks and crocodiles，both of which were fond of ichthyosaur lunches．Triassic oceans，by contrast，were mercifully shark-and crocodile-free．In the Triassic，then，ichthyosaurs were top of the food chain．In the Jurassic and Cretaceous，they were prey （猎物） as well as predator-and often had to make a speedy exit as a result．
2．Which of the following is a typical symptom of the bends？___
A．A twisted body． B．A gradual decrease in blood supply．
C．A sudden release of nitrogen in blood． D．A drop in blood pressure．
9．The purpose of Rothschild's study is to see___．
A．how often ichthyosaurs caught the bends
B．how ichthyosaurs adapted to decompression
C．why ichthyosaurs bent their bodies
D．when ichthyosaurs broke their bones
10．Rothschild's finding stated in Paragraph 4___．
A. confirmed his assumption B．speeded up his research process
C.disagreed with his assumption D．changed his research objectives
11．Rothschild might have concluded that ichthyosaurs ___．
A．failed to evolve an anti-decompression means
B．gradually developed measures against the bends
C．died out because of large sharks and crocodiles
D．evolved an anti-decompression means but soon lost it．
D
Chinese Teapot Escaping from British Museum Goes Viral
Chinese state media has praised a viral video series telling the story of a jade teapot coming to life and fleeing the British Museum to make its way back home.
The set of three short episodes, entitled Escape from the British Museum, shows the teapot turning into a young woman in a green dress, who then engages a London-based Chinese journalist to help her reunite with her family.
It appears to have struck a chord in China after first being released by independent vloggers on Douyin, China’s equivalent to TikTok. By Monday evening, it had reportedly racked up more than 310 million views.
The plot line taps into growing Chinese criticism of the British Museum after reports last month that more than 1,500 priceless objects, including gold jewelry, semi-precious stones and glass, were missing, stolen or damaged.
In August the state media tabloid Global Times called for the return of Chinese artefacts from the museum “free of charge” in the wake of the controversy.
“The huge loopholes in the management and security of cultural objects in the British Museum exposed by this scandal have led to the collapse of a long-standing and widely circulated claim that ‘foreign cultural objects are better protected in the British Museum’,” it said.
It strongly supported the video series for touching on a “powerful message” about the importance of cultural heritage and reflecting “Chinese people’s yearning for the repatriation of the Chinese cultural relics”.
In a further jibe at the museum, it interpreted the jade teapot’s surprise at the size of the journalist’s residence as depicting the “casual attitude of the British Museum toward Chinese cultural relics, as many of them are crammed into one cabinet for exhibition”.
State broadcaster CCTV also gave the short films a glowing review saying: “We are very pleased to see Chinese young people are passionate about history and tradition… We are also looking forward to the early return of Chinese artefacts that have been displaced overseas.”
The museum scandal made headlines around the world and revived earlier demands by the Chinese media to restore the country’s relics.
The new three-part show has unleashed a wave of nationalism among viewers, with many praising the creative plot that reduced them to tears by showing how the teapot experienced the happiness of returning to China to see pandas and watch a flag-raising ceremony on Tiananmen Square.
12．What excuse does Britain give for keeping other nations’ cultural objects in its museum
A．It has taken possession of these objects by all lawful means.
B．These objects may come to life, flee their countries and go viral.
C．These objects are safer and taken better care of in its museum.
D．It is requested by other nations to protect their cultural objects.
13．What does the underlined word “repatriation” (Para. 7) probably mean
A．Repair. B．Reflection. C．Return. D．Reserve.
14．Which can we infer from the passage
A．A London-based Chinese journalist has contributed a lot to the viral three-part video series.
B．The museum’s flawed management and security systems are involved in the scandal.
C．The Britain Museum is under pressure to return the cultural relics to China sooner or later.
D．China had already demanded the restoration of its cultural relics before the scandal.
15．What’s the purpose of the passage
A．To appeal to Britain to return China’s cultural objects.
B．To introduce a viral video series about a fleeing jade teapot.
C．To arouse readers’ concern about Chinese cultural objects abroad.
D．To praise Chinese young people’s passion for history and tradition.
第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分;满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Astronauts drink their own pee (尿) — after it’s been cleaned. 16 Many experts, though, argue that recycling pee and other waste is an excellent and safe solution when there isn’t enough fresh water to go around.
17 All of the water that astronauts use to drink, brush their teeth, or make coffee comes out of one limited container that has to be resupplied from Earth. To help conserve water, the waste from sinks, toilets, and even the pee from lab animals on board flows into a recycling system. First, the water goes through a series of filters (过滤器) to get rid of large particles (微粒) and impurities. Then, chemical reactions remove poisonous chemicals and kill any bacteria or viruses. 18
Chris Hadfield, who lived on the space station for five months, says, “Before you feel uncomfortable with the thought of drinking your leftover wash water and your leftover pee, keep in mind that the water that we end up with is purer than most of the water that you drink on a daily basis at home.”
Astronauts, however, tend to be more adventurous than the average person. On Earth, cities in very dry parts of the world have attempted to introduce wastewater purification systems. 19 Citizens recoiled (退缩) in disgust. Despite scientific evidence that the water is clean, many people just can’t get over the fact that it once flowed through a toilet. In the 1990s, activists in San Diego and Los Angeles campaigned against “toilet to tap” water. 20 In a survey of 2,000 Americans, 26 percent agreed with the statement: “It is impossible for recycled water to be treated to a high enough quality that I would want to use it.”
A. And you wouldn’t be alone.
B. And the disapproval remained strong.
C. What comes out is clean enough to drink.
D. On the International Space Station, water is a precious resource.
E. Lots of people feel sick at the thought of drinking recycled wastewater.
F. Though some of these programs have succeeded, others failed miserably.
G. Would you pick up a glass of water that’s been through a wastewater cleaning system
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
As my dad got a new job in southern Florida , we moved here from our old home , school , friends and everything . There were so many 21 for me . In a new school full of strangers , could I make friends Would I 22 My mind was filled with 23 .
Being shy and quiet , I read a lot . Loving books and reading helped me get excellent results . Teachers 24 me for that . But other kids disliked me getting top 25 and answering questions in class . I felt like a ( n ) 26 .
Then one day , a tall strong boy in English class walked right over to me . He 27 himself . He said he was on the school basketball team .I 28 that - he was the star player !
" Hey ," he said ." Do you think you could 29 me You do really well in English class ." I could , and 30 I would . From that moment on , life at school 31 . Basketball players walked me to classes and 32 me in hallways . As the team tutor （导师）, I fit in . Nobody 33 me anymore . I was thankful to be 34 enough to help the team .
I taught the guys about grammar . They taught me how to dribble (运球) a basketball . More importantly , they gave me the 35 to be myself - and to be a short girl who really knew how to dribble a basketball !
21. A. chances B. activities C. experiences D. challenges
22. A. fit in B. move in C. relate to D. calm down
23. A. dreams B. ideas C.worries D. lies
24. A. impressed B. praised C.cC.grades D.talents
26. A. failure B. child C. author D. star
27. A. applied B. enjoyed C. reminded D. introduced
28. A. imagined B. expected C. knew D. doubted
29. A. confuse B. help C. select D. recognize
30. A. certainly B. hopefully C. interestingly D. usually
31. A. began B. continued C. changed D. stopped
32. A. frightened B. ignored C. respected D. circled
33. A. amazed B. invited C. troubled D. reminded
34. A. active B. knowledgeable C. strong D. creative
35. A. curiosity B. confidence C. option D. intelligence
第二节(共 10小题;每小题 1.5分,满分 15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Welcome to Shangri-La (香格里拉) . Although located in Yunnan, it has many old____36____(village) with a unique countryside life. The ____37____(beauty) city was formerly called Zhongdian that ____38____(burn) by a big fire on January 11, 2014, but it has been rebuilt quickly. It’s nice____39____(see) the locals dancing every night on the main square. Visitors can involve themselves in ____40____(dance). Guests can also explore its area nearby either on foot____41____by bike. A popular place is China’s first national park, Pudacuo,____42____is home to the lakes of Napa and Shudu. Maybe you can even meet with the golden Yunnan monkeys in one of_____43_____villages!____44____(clear), the winter is pretty cold in Shangri-La, but for those who are not afraid____45____the cold temperature, to see the snow here is very attractive!
第三部分 写作（共两节,满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46.习近平总书记在党的二十大报告中指出，“坚持面向世界科技前沿、面向经济主战场、面向国家重大需求、面向人民生命健康，加快实现高水平科技自立自强”，彰显出实现高水平科技自立自强在新时代新征程推进和拓展中国式现代化进程中的关键地位。假定你是李华，你学校举办科技创新节活动，学校准备选拔“科技交流小使者”(Young Ambassador for Science) ，你打算参加。请写一篇英语竞选演讲稿，内容包括：
1. 自我介绍；
2. 竞选理由。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Good morning, dear judges and fellow students！
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When my mom announced that my dad had fixed the old car in his garage, I felt excited—I had wheels! I called my friend Steph and made plans to have dinner at her house the next day.
The following morning, I woke up early and put on a black skirt and jacket. “Aren’t you dressed too lightly ” Mom asked. “There’s a snowstorm coming.” “I’ll be inside,” I replied as I headed out.
As I began the forty-minute drive, I was in high spirits. However, halfway there it started to snow like mad. Cars slowed. The sound of a siren announced the approach of an ambulance and I pulled aside to let it pass. As I inched back into my lane, the traffic light ahead turned red. I stopped.
When the light turned green, I pressed on the gas, but the old car died. I tried to start it. One click, then nothing. Before I could do anything else, two young men raced over from the nearby sidewalk. I rolled down my window a little.
“Give us a second,” one of them said, “We’ll help you out of here.” Soon, they began pushing the car. With their guidance, I steered into a parking spot in front of a grocery store. “You’ll be fine now,” they said, and before I could even thank them, they walked into the grocery store.
The snow was falling faster now. I called Steph on my cellphone to cancel our plan. Next, I called my parents to come and get me. Now all I had to do was wait, but I was very hungry and cold. I sighed, regretting not taking my mom’s advice.
Just as I sat waiting in the car, I noticed a man walking towards me. It was one of the men who had just helped me. I rolled down the window at once.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After a brief greeting, he told me this was his parents’ store.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
1——3 ACB 4——7 BDAB
8——11 ABCA 12——15 CCDB
16—20 EDCFB
21——25 DACBC 26——30 ADCBA 31——35 CDCBB
villages 37. beautiful 38. was burned/was burnt 39. to see
dancing 41. or 42. which/that 43. the 44. Clearly 45. of
46.【例文】
Good morning, dear judges and fellow students. I’m Li Hua and I am so pleased to stand here to compete for the Young Ambassador for Science.
My confidence comes from my fluent English, my rich experience and my great enthusiasm. I have been in several international camps, from which I have acquired not only knowledge and skills but also a keen awareness of the importance of science.
If accepted, I will be offered a perfect chance to broaden my horizons and to spread our advanced science. I sincerely hope I can have the privilege. Thank you!
47【答案】After a brief greeting, he told me this was his parents’ store. Then he invited me into the grocery, where he introduced me to his parents. While we were discussing the weather, her mother came into the kitchen. After a while, her mother made a bowl of steaming noodles for me. I felt tears rolling in my eyes. In such cold weather, the warmth from strangers made me feel that kindness was everywhere. When I finished noodles, my parents arrived. We thanked the family again for their help and waved them goodbye with great excitement, looking forward to seeing them again.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在暴雪天气，没有听从妈妈的建议，开车出去找朋友，结果在路上遇到暴风雪，车子无法启动，在两个陌生年轻人的帮助下，把车停在了一家杂货店的车位上，还没来得及感谢那两个人，他们就走进了那家杂货店。在等待父母来接自己时，其中一个提供帮助的人走向作者。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由本段首句内容“在简短的问候之后，他告诉我这是他父母的商店。”可知，本段可描写那个年轻人邀请作者进入杂货店并且热情的招待了作者，作者和父母感谢这家人的过程。
2.续写线索：被邀请进店——陌生人招待作者——作者感动——作者父母来了——表示感谢
3.词汇激活
行为类
①讨论：discuss/talk over
②进入：come into/enter into
③到达：arrive/get/reach
情绪类
①感谢：showing one’s appreciation/thank sb/be grateful
②非常激动：with great excitement / excitedly
【点睛】[高分句型1] Then he invited me into the grocery, where he introduced me to his parents.（由关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2] When I finished noodles, my parents arrived.（由连词when连接的时间状语从句）