2023-2024学年第一学期八县(市、区)一中期末联考
高中二年英语科试题
考试日期：1月30日 完卷时间：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分：听力(共两节;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节：听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
What does the man buy online
A. Books. B. Clothes. C. Shoes.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Where did you get that skirt It’s so cute.
W: Thanks! I bought it online. I buy many things online, like books and even shoes.
M: Really I buy books online, but I’ve never bought clothes online. I like to try things on before I buy them.
2.
What is the man’s boss like
A She is serious. B. She is humorous. C. She is sociable.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: How do you like your new boss
M: She’s OK. I just wish she’d learn to lighten up a little. She never enjoys a joke. It’s hard to even get a smile out of her.
3.
What are the speakers talking about
A. Healthy food. B. Eating habits. C. Weight loss.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Do you have a New Year’s plan
M: A big one! I decide not to eat so much processed food. I’m going to focus on home-cooked meals.
W: Mine is very similar. I’m not going to go on a diet but I want to eat a balanced diet with more fruits and vegetables.
4.
Why did the woman leave her former job
A. It required professional skills.
B. It was a badly-paid job.
C. It wasn’t challenging.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Why did you stop working for Texon
W: The primary reason is that I couldn’t use my skills to the fullest extent although the pay is good.
M: Well, you can look forward to a lot of challenges here.
W: Great. That’s exactly what I’m looking for.
5.
How will the man deal with the printer
A. Exchange it. B. Return it. C. Have it fixed.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: We can come to your office and fix the printer, or you can bring it in.
M: It’s almost new and it doesn’t work. I think I’d rather have it replaced.
W: Certainly, sir. We’re open until 6:00 o’clock this evening.
第二节 (共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What do we know about the woman
A. She likes watching movies.
B. She enjoys outdoor activities.
C. She is pleased with the rainy weather.
7 What did the man do last weekend
A. He did some gardening.
B. He did weekend shopping.
C. He went to a restaurant.
【答案】6. C 7. B
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m telling you, this rainy weather is driving me crazy. It always ruins my plans for outdoor activities.
W: I’m actually glad it’s finally been raining recently. It’s really good for my garden.
M: By the way, what do you think about the new shopping center
W: I don’t know. I haven’t shopped there yet. Have you
M: Yeah, I have. I went there last weekend. It has a ton of stores, lots of great restaurants, and a big movie theater.
W: Oh, it sounds so much better than the old one.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. Over the phone. B. In a company. C. At a bookstore.
9. What language is required for the job
A. German. B. Chinese. C. Spanish.
10. What will the man do next week
A. Start work. B. Attend an interview. C. Complete an application form.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B
【解析】
原文】W: Hello, Delta Education.
M: Hello. I’m calling about the job you advertised for a salesperson. Is it still available
W: Yes. Our company sells educational books for children. We’re looking for part-time salespeople to promote our books to local bookstores.
M: That sounds interesting. I’m a student and looking for part-time work.
W: Well, perhaps you’d like to come in for an interview. Oh, just one thing we didn’t mention in the advertisement. Some of our books are in Spanish, so we’d like to hire someone who speaks Spanish.
M: Oh, as a matter of fact, I do. I can also speak a little German and Chinese.
W: Well, that’s impressive. We will call you next week to come for an interview.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. What was the man doing when the argument broke out
A. He was talking with the woman.
B. He was driving home.
C. He was sleeping.
12. What does the man think of Tara’s words
A. Doubtful. B. Reliable. C. Surprising.
13. What was the cause of the argument
A. The cars crashed into each other.
B. A driver was going the wrong way.
C. The drivers didn’t let each other through.
【答案】11. C 12. A 13. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi Phil. Did all that noise in the street wake you up last night
M: No, it didn’t. I’m a deep sleeper. What happened, Jess
W: Well, I didn’t see it myself but I heard that it was an argument between two car drivers and supposedly it got quite heated.
M: Really Who told you about it
W: Tara at number 42. It seems that both drivers got out of their cars and started shouting at each other. She says they almost started fighting.
M: Hmm … well I’d think whether what Tara said was completely true if I were you.
W: No, I believe her actually — people do get very annoyed by not being able to pass each other on this street.
M: Did the cars make contact
W: No … they were just coming in opposite directions and they met where the street gets narrow and neither one would move backwards to let the other pass. So they just stayed there, in the middle of the road, with neither one giving way.
M: How childish.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. What excited Greg’s interest in reading
A. His parents’ encouragement.
B. His grandmother’s books.
C. His summer vacation.
15. Who inspired Greg to become a writer
A. His parents. B. His grandmother. C. His teacher.
16. How did Greg feel about his first novel
A. Proud. B. Content. C. Disappointed.
【答案】14. B 15. C 16. B
【解析】
【原文】W: My guest today is the novelist Greg Field! Greg, were you into books and reading as a kid
M: Well, my parents were always on at me to read. They couldn’t understand why I didn’t like it much. One summer, though, I was in my grandma’s sitting room and she had this whole pile of books, which she let me play with because I liked the covers. And I started leafing through, and then maybe reading a word or two, and then a page, and then that was it.
W: And what about at school
M: Well, there was one particular teacher who at the end of every day would read books to us. It was like music, like a film — these great pictures his voice stirred up in my mind and that’s when I knew I had to be a writer, so I could make that happen too.
W: So how did it feel when you eventually achieved that
M: Well, I was so scared when I was writing my first novel — scared that nobody would read it, or that I’d never finish it. I can’t tell you what a relief it was to see it on the shelves in a bookshop. Then the next one was, by comparison, a bit of a disappointment and it never sold as well.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. Whom is the speaker addressing
A. University graduates. B. University freshmen. C. High school students.
18. What did the speaker do in his first year of university
A. He served as a part-time reporter.
B. He studied history as a researcher.
C. He worked at a local radio station.
19. Why does the speaker encourage students to join clubs
A. They can find their true interest.
B. They can enrich their university life.
C. They can improve their communication skills.
20. What is the purpose of the talk
A. To introduce a club. B. To give some advice. C. To share experiences.
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, everyone. I hope you’re enjoying your first day. The university asked me to come back and talk to you as one of you, giving you a student’s side of the story.
So with that in mind, I’d just like to say one thing really, which is: get involved in something other than your course as soon as you can. I remember when I first came here to study history, I had no idea of what job I’d end up doing. But in my first year, I joined the university broadcasting society. I was interested in reporting. Then in my second year, I got a holiday job, helping out as a researcher at the local radio station, and really it all led on from there, because first of all I was clear about what I wanted to do — which was to work in broadcasting — and secondly, I had some contacts, which in this line of work is a key thing.
So that’s really my message to you today. Don’t delay, join some clubs and societies and start developing your interests. Thanks for your time.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节 ,满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Nowadays, more and more young people have the chance to go to another country to study. Studying abroad will enable you to have various experiences. The best recommendation I’d like to give you is to be open to the experiences and the culture shock. Several common new experiences are around food, locations, culture, and language.
Food: The food in a foreign country will not only be different from American food, but the cooking style will also be different. For example, while most American vegetables are usually boiled, which, as far as I’m concerned, is terrible! In China, where I studied, vegetables are often fried. China actually helped me like my former enemy, vegetables. So, have an open mind, and try the local food.
Locations: In terms of locations, I mean that your study abroad location differs from your home location or college location. For example, coming from San Francisco and going to school at Mount Holyoke College in South Hadley, Masschusetts, was a location shock for me. I was not used to the very slow public transport and the need to drive.
Culture: Having an open mind will benefit you the most. In a global education program, we had Chinese roommates, and my Mount Holyoke Class was mainly made up of Chinese graduate students.Therefore, hanging out with them was not too much trouble, but if finding local friends is not that easy, join clubs, sit at coffee shops, or start conversations at a gathering or party. Being interested in flea markets and art galleries, I looked online for those types of events and went to them. At these events, I met expatriates (侨民) and locals alike and became good friends with them. Another way to fit in with the culture is to find people who will go to cultural events and places with you. I would walk around Shanghai, taking in the Chinese culture everywhere I went.
21. Which of the following statement is true according to the passage
A. The writer felt it convenient to drive to school.
B. The writer found it difficult to make friends with locals.
C. The writer disliked vegetables prior to coming to China.
D. You can participate in cultural events online to take in the Chinese culture.
22. We can infer from the passage that the writer .
A. made only Chinese friends when in Shanghai
B. kept an open mind when studying in China
C. disliked his study experience in Masschusetts
D. experienced Chinese culture by traveling everywhere
23. Who may be interested in the passage
A. Parents at home and abroad.
B. Teachers teaching foreign languages.
C. Students studying or to study abroad.
D. Workers in service agencies.
24. Which will be mainly discussed in the following paragraph
A. Friends. B. Language.
C. Study. D. Chinese culture.
25. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A. Make the Most of Your Experience When Studying Abroad
B. Get Familiar with Chinese Culture
C. Be Open to the Chinese Culture Shock
D. My Wonderful Experience When Studying Abroad
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者结合个人的切身体验，给身在异国他乡，置身于陌生环境的莘莘学子从饮食、地点、文化等方面提出了很好的建议。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“China actually helped me like my former enemy, vegetables.(中国实际上帮助我喜欢上了我以前的敌人——蔬菜)”可知，作者在来中国之前不喜欢吃蔬菜。故选C项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“So, have an open mind, and try the local food.(所以，保持开放的心态，尝试当地的食物)”和第四段“Having an open mind will benefit you the most. In a global education program, we had Chinese roommates, and my Mount Holyoke Class was mainly made up of Chinese graduate students.(拥有开放的心态对你最有好处。在一个全球教育项目中，我们有中国室友，我在芒特霍利奥克学院的班级主要由中国研究生组成)”可推知，作者在中国留学期间保持着开放的心态。故选B项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Nowadays, more and more young people have the chance to go to another country to study. Studying abroad will enable you to have various experiences. The best recommendation I’d like to give you is to be open to the experiences and the culture shock. Several common new experiences are around food, locations, culture, and language.(如今，越来越多的年轻人有机会去另一个国家学习。出国留学将使你获得各种各样的经历。我想给你的最好建议是，对经历和文化冲击持开放态度。一些常见的新体验围绕着食物、地点、文化和语言)”可知，作者结合个人的切身体验给正在或准备出国留学的学生提出了很好的建议。由此推知，“正在或准备出国留学的学生”可能对这篇文章感兴趣。故选C项。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Several common new experiences are around food, locations, culture, and language.(一些常见的新体验围绕着食物、地点、文化和语言)”可知，文章围绕食物、地点、文化和语言展开，第二、三、四段分别提到了食物、地点、文化。由此推知，下一段将主要讨论语言。故选B项。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，作者结合个人的切身体验给身在异国他乡，置身于陌生环境的莘莘学子从饮食、地点、文化等方面提出了很好的建议。由此可知，A选项“充分利用你的留学经历”能概括全文内容，适合用作文章标题。故选A项。
B
In the past few months, Sam Altman, the father of ChatGPT, has become the hottest face in the world of AI. Many industry leaders, AI researchers see ChatGPT as a fundamental technological shift, as significant as the creation of the web browser or the iPhone. But few can agree on the future of this technology.
Some believe it will deliver a utopia (乌托邦) where everyone has all the time and money ever needed. Others believe it could destroy humanity. Still others spend much of their time arguing that the technology is never as powerful as everyone says it is, insisting that neither heaven nor hell is as close as it might seem.
Mr. Altman, a slim, boyish-looking, 37-year-old businessman and investor from the suburbs of St. Louis, sits calmly in the middle of it all. As chief executive of OpenAI, he somehow embraces each of these seemingly distinct views, hoping to balance the numerous possibilities as he moves this strange, powerful, unperfect technology into the future.
He believes that artificial intelligence will happen one way or another, that it will do wonderful things that even he can’t yet imagine and that we can find ways of reducing the harm it may cause. It is an attitude that mirrors Mr. Altman’s own path.
He is not necessarily motivated by money. Like many personal fortunes in Silicon Valley that are tied up in a wide variety of public and private companies, Mr. Altman’s wealth is not well recorded. But he said the only money he stands to make from the company is a yearly salary－ “whatever the minimum for health insurance is,” he said.
Georgeann Kepchar, who taught Advanced Placement computer science course, saw Mr. Altman as one of her most talented computer science students－and one with a rare knack for pushing people in new directions. “He had creativity and vision, combined with the ambition and force of personality to convince others to work with him on putting his ideas into action,” she said.
26. Which of the following is the latest technological shift
A. iPhone. B. ChatGPT. C. Web browser. D. AI.
27. Which of the following word can best describe people’s attitude toward ChatGPT
A. optimistic B. pessimistic C. similar D. contradictory
28. What can we infer from paragraph 3
A. Altman is very thin and well-looking.
B. Altman can accept different views quietly.
C. AI will be a destructive technology.
D. AI probably has few possibilities.
29. How does Mr. Altman like AI technology
A. AI will be fantastic. B. AI will be harmful.
C. AI will be visualizable. D. AI will bring him fame.
30. What does the underlined word “knack” mean in the last paragraph
A. Vision. B. Skill. C. Discovery. D. Thought.
【答案】26. B 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了ChatGPT之父萨姆·奥特曼以及他的相关理论技术。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Many industry leaders, AI researchers see ChatGPT as a fundamental technological shift, as significant as the creation of the web browser or the iPhone. But few can agree on the future of this technology.”（许多行业领袖、人工智能研究人员将ChatGPT视为一项根本性的技术变革，其意义不亚于网页浏览器或iPhone的诞生。但几乎没有人能对这项技术的未来达成一致。）可知，最新的技术转变是ChatGPT。故选B项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Some believe it will deliver a utopia (乌托邦) where everyone has all the time and money ever needed. Others believe it could destroy humanity. Still others spend much of their time arguing that the technology is never as powerful as everyone says it is, insisting that neither heaven nor hell is as close as it might seem.”（一些人认为它会带来一个乌托邦，在那里每个人都有所需的时间和金钱。其他人则认为它可能会毁灭人类。还有一些人花了很多时间争辩说，这项技术从来没有像大家说的那么强大，他们坚持认为，天堂和地狱都没有看起来那么近）可知，人们对于聊天技术的态度是矛盾的。故选D项。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Mr. Altman, a slim, boyish-looking, 37-year-old businessman and investor from the suburbs of St. Louis, sits calmly in the middle of it all. As chief executive of OpenAI, he somehow embraces each of these seemingly distinct views, hoping to balance the numerous possibilities as he moves this strange, powerful, unperfect technology into the future.”（37岁的奥特曼身材苗条，看起来像个孩子，是圣路易斯郊区的商人和投资者，他平静地坐在这一切中间。作为OpenAI的首席执行官，他在某种程度上接受了这些看似不同的观点，希望在他将这项奇怪、强大、不完美的技术推向未来的过程中，平衡各种可能性。）可知，从第三段我们可以推断出奥特曼可以静静地接受不同的观点。故选B项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“He believes that artificial intelligence will happen one way or another, that it will do wonderful things that even he can’t yet imagine and that we can find ways of reducing the harm it may cause.”（他相信人工智能会以这样或那样的方式出现，它会做一些连他自己都无法想象的奇妙的事情，我们可以找到减少它可能造成的伤害的方法。）可知，奥特曼先生觉得人工智能技术会很棒。故选A项。
【30题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段“Georgeann Kepchar, who taught Advanced Placement computer science course, saw Mr. Altman as one of her most talented computer science students—and one with a rare knack for pushing people in new directions.（教授大学先修课程计算机科学课程的乔治安·凯普查尔认为，奥特曼是她最有才能的计算机科学学生之一）可知，乔治安·凯普查尔认为奥特曼是她最有才能的计算机科学学生之一；由此猜测，教授认为奥特曼有把人类推向新方向的能力，即knack意为“才能，能力”，与skill相近。故选B项。
C
You are what you eat—and what you eat may be encoded in your DNA. Studies have indicated that your genetics play a role in determining the foods you find delicious or disgusting. But exactly how big a role they play has been difficult to pin down. “Everything has a genetic factor, even if it’s small,” says Joanne Cole, a geneticist and an assistant professor at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. “We know that there is some genetic contribution to why we eat the foods we eat. Can we take the next step and actually show the regions in the genome (基因组) ”
New research led by Cole has gotten a step closer. Through a complex and overall genomics analysis, her team has identified 481 genome zones, or loci, that were directly linked to dietary patterns and food preferences. The findings, which have not yet been peer-reviewed (同伴评审), were presented last month at the American Society for Nutrition’s annual flagship conference.
They build on a 2020 Nature Communications study by Cole and her colleagues that used data from the U.K. Biobank, a public database of the genetic and health information of 500,000 participants. By scanning genomes, the new analysis was able to target 194 regions associated with dietary patterns and 287 linked to specific foods such as fruit, cheese, fish, tea and alcohol. Further understanding how genetics impact how we eat could expose differences in nutritional needs or disease risks.
“One of the problems with a lot of these genomics studies is that they’re very small. Put more simply, they don’t have enough people to really be able to identify genes in ways that are firm. This study had a huge quantity of people, so that’s really powerful,” says Monica Dus, an associate professor at the University of Michigan, who wasn’t a part of the new research but studies the relationship between genes and nutrition. “The other thing that I thought was really great is that they have so many different aspects that they’re measuring , as with diet. They included cholesterol (胆固醇), the body, socioeconomic backgrounds.”
As the research advances, Dus says such genome analyses could possibly help health care providers—and even policymakers—address larger issues that affect food access and health. “Instead of trying to persuade people to eat this or that, a more powerful intervention is to make sure there aren’t ‘food deserts’ or to make sure that there’s a higher minimum wage—things that have a broader impact,” she says.
31. What does “pin down” mean in the first paragraph
A. consume B. qualify C. motivate D. identify
32. What might Dus subsribe to, according to what she said
A. A lot of these genomics studies have been based on sufficient samples.
B. Genes play a slightly small part in everything, even if they do.
C. The findings, which have not yet been peer-reviewed, shouldn’t be published.
D. What comes first is that people should have enough food.
33. Which of the following statements is supported by the research mentioned in the passage
A. Genetic factors have no influence on food preferences.
B. The research team identified 194 genome regions associated with dietary patterns.
C. The research team utilized a small sample size for their genomics analysis.
D. The research findings have been peer-reviewed.
34. What is the main idea of the text
A. Your genes may influence what you like to eat.
B. People should stay away from fatty food and sugar.
C. Genes have numerous effects.
D. How to identify genes
35. Which one might the passage come from
A. National Geographic B. Sports Illustrated for kids
C. Scientific American D. The Wall Street Journal
【答案】31. D 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了一项研究表明人们的基因在决定人们喜欢或厌恶食物方面发挥着重要作用。
【31题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线短语上文“Studies have indicated that your genetics play a role in determining the foods you find delicious or disgusting. (研究表明，你的基因在决定你觉得食物美味或恶心方面发挥着重要作用。)”和划线短语所在句子“But exactly how big a role they play has been difficult to pin down.(但它们到底发挥了多大作用却很难pin down。)”中的but可知，前后是转折关系，虽然你的基因在决定你觉得食物美味或恶心方面发挥着重要作用，但是却很难确定它们到底发挥了多大作用，划线短语“pin down”意为“确定”，与D项“identify(确定)”意思一样，故选D。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Instead of trying to persuade people to eat this or that, a more powerful intervention is to make sure there aren’t ‘food deserts’ or to make sure that there’s a higher minimum wage—things that have a broader impact,” she says.(她说：“更强有力的干预措施不是试图说服人们吃这个吃那个，而是确保不存在‘食物荒漠’，或者确保提高最低工资——这些都会产生更广泛的影响。”)”可知，Dus认为要确保人们不存在“食物荒漠”，即要有足够的食物，由此可推知，Dus可能会同意的是：首先人们应该有足够的食物，故选D。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“By scanning genomes, the new analysis was able to target 194 regions associated with dietary patterns and 287 linked to specific foods such as fruit, cheese, fish, tea and alcohol. Further understanding how genetics impact how we eat could expose differences in nutritional needs or disease risks.(通过扫描基因组，新的分析能够定位与饮食模式相关的194个区域和与水果、奶酪、鱼、茶和酒精等特定食物相关的287个区域。进一步了解遗传学如何影响我们的饮食方式可能会揭示营养需求或疾病风险的差异。)”可知，研究小组确定了194个与饮食模式相关的基因组区域。故选B。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“New research led by Cole has gotten a step closer. Through a large-scale genomics analysis, her team has identified 481 genome regions that were directly linked to dietary patterns and food preferences. The findings, which have not yet been peer-reviewed, were presented last month at the American Society for Nutrition’s annual conference.(Cole领导的一项新研究离这个目标又近了一步。通过大规模的基因组分析，她的团队已经确定了481个基因组区域，这些区域与饮食模式和食物偏好直接相关。这些尚未经过同行评议的研究结果在上个月的美国营养学会年会上发表。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，你的基因可能与你的饮食有关。故选A。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“You are what you eat—and what you eat may be encoded in your DNA. Studies have indicated that your genetics play a role in determining the foods you find delicious or disgusting. But exactly how big a role they play has been difficult to pin down. “Everything has a genetic factor, even if it’s small,” says Joanne Cole, a geneticist and an assistant professor at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. “We know that there is some genetic contribution to why we eat the foods we eat. Can we take the next step and actually show the regions in the genome (基因组) ”(你就是你所吃的东西——而你所吃的东西可能被编码在你的DNA中。研究表明，你的基因在决定你觉得食物美味或恶心方面发挥着重要作用。但他们到底扮演了多大的角色却很难确定。“一切都有遗传因素，即使它很小，”科罗拉多大学医学院的遗传学家兼助理教授乔安妮·科尔说。“我们知道，我们吃的食物的原因有一定的遗传因素。我们能否采取下一步并实际显示基因组中的区域”)”可知，文章主要讲述了一项研究表明人们的基因在决定人们喜欢或厌恶食物方面发挥着重要作用，这属于科学研究的知识，结合选项可知，文章可能选自《科学美国人》，故选C。
第二节 (共5小题, 每小题2分, 满分10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Most of us associate awe (敬畏) with something rare and beautiful: nature, music or a spiritual experience. But people can waken awe too, and not just public heroes. Research shows that we can be awed by our nearest and dearest — the people sitting next to us on the couch, chatting on the other end of the phone, looking back at us over Zoom. ____36____
Often, interpersonal awe is a response to life’s big, sweeping changes, such as witnessing a baby’s first steps. ____37____ John Bargh said he was “truly awestruck” — by his 5-year-old daughter while dining in a McDonald’s. When she heard another child crying, she grabbed the toy from her Happy Meal, walked over to the boy and handed it to him.
Though we can’t make someone else behave in a way that’s awesome, we can prepare ourselves to notice it when they do and boost the emotion’s positive effects.
Question your assumptions. Do you believe your partner is insensitive or your sibling is selfish There may be a little truth to that, but it’s never the whole tale. ____38____ To increase your chances of feeling awed by the other person, ask yourself what’s going on in his or her life that you don’t know about.
Name awe when you see it. Speaking out “Wow, that was awesome!” is a simple way to help you identify and remember a special experience. Savor (品味) it in the moment and then tell others about it. This will reinforce your positive emotions. ____39____ Studies show that you will feel awe again simply by remembering an awe experience.
____40____ This makes the other person feel good and can give your relationship a boost. And it will help you too: Studies show that people who practice gratitude have significantly higher levels of happiness and psychological well-being.
A. Thank the person who awed you.
B. And recall it or write about it later.
C. Psychologists call this interpersonal awe.
D. It’s easy to forget that it can be awesome too.
E. But interpersonal awe does happen in smaller moments.
F. Here’s why you should recognize those moments of interpersonal awe.
G. The story you tell yourself gets in the way of catching people at their best.
【答案】36. C 37. E 38. G 39. B 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了人与人之间也可以产生或大或小的敬畏，我们可以抛弃自己的成见，用心观察他人令人敬畏的时刻，积极表达、体验敬畏，向给我们带来敬畏的人表达感恩。
【36题详解】
根据前文“Research shows that we can be awed by our nearest and dearest — the people sitting next to us on the couch, chatting on the other end of the phone, looking back at us over Zoom.（研究表明，我们可能会对最亲近的人感到敬畏——坐在沙发上、在电话那头聊天、在Zoom上回看我们的人。）”和下一段中“Often, interpersonal awe is a response to life’s big, sweeping changes, such as witnessing a baby’s first steps.（通常，人际敬畏是对生活中重大而彻底的变化的反应，比如目睹婴儿迈出第一步。）”可知，本段引入了对身边的人感到敬畏这一话题，下一段谈到了人际敬畏，空处在本段末尾，需起到衔接的作用，会提到“人际敬畏”这一概念。C项“心理学家称之为人际敬畏。”符合语境，呼应后文。故选C。
【37题详解】
根据前文“Often, interpersonal awe is a response to life’s big, sweeping changes, such as witnessing a baby’s first steps.（通常，人际敬畏是对生活中重大而彻底的变化的反应，比如目睹婴儿迈出第一步。）”和后文“John Bargh said he was “truly awestruck” — by his 5-year-old daughter while dining in a McDonald’s. When she heard another child crying, she grabbed the toy from her Happy Meal, walked over to the boy and handed it to him.（John Bargh说，在麦当劳吃饭时，他“真的被5岁的女儿震惊了”。当她听到另一个孩子在哭时，她从她的开心乐园餐中抓起玩具，走到男孩面前递给他。）”可知，本段在举例说明人际敬畏，前文是大的例子，后文是小的例子，空处需提出人际敬畏可能很小，从而过渡到后文。E项“但人与人之间的敬畏确实发生在更小的时刻。”符合语境。故选E。
【38题详解】
根据前文“There may be a little truth to that, but it’s never the whole tale.（这可能有一点道理，但绝不是全部。）”和后文“To increase your chances of feeling awed by the other person, ask yourself what’s going on in his or her life that you don’t know about.（为了增加你对对方感到敬畏的机会，问问自己他或她的生活中发生了什么你不知道的事情。）”可知，本段讨论从自己角度出发的想法可能会扭曲了他人真实的面貌，妨碍人际敬畏的产生，建议倾听别人的叙述，空处会说明这一妨碍，起到衔接的作用。G项“你给自己讲的故事会妨碍你抓住别人最好的一面。”符合语境。故选G。
【39题详解】
根据前文“Name awe when you see it.（当你看到敬畏的时候，表达出来。）”、“Savor (品味) it in the moment and then tell others about it.（在那一刻品味它，然后告诉别人。）”和后文“Studies show that you will feel awe again simply by remembering an awe experience.（研究表明，只要回忆起敬畏的经历，你就会再次感到敬畏。）”可知，本段讨论积极地表达、回味、体验敬畏，空处需承接前文的这两个建议，进一步讨论如何对待敬畏的感受，呼应后文的回忆。B项“然后回忆一下或者写下来。”符合语境，其中的“recall”和后文的“remembering”呼应。故选B。
【40题详解】
空处位于段首，需统领本段内容。根据后文“This makes the other person feel good and can give your relationship a boost. And it will help you too: Studies show that people who practice gratitude have significantly higher levels of happiness and psychological well-being.（这会让对方感觉良好，并能促进你们的关系。这对你也有帮助：研究表明，感恩的人有更高的幸福感和心理健康水平。）”可知，本段讨论表达感恩及其好处，空处需涉及感恩。A项“感谢让你敬畏的人。”符合语境，可统领后文内容。故选A。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题, 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。
In denying ourselves the chance to see a situation from different perspectives, we rob (剥夺) ourselves of many wonderful opportunities. By choosing not to ____41____ all possible outcomes of a situation, we may choose a direction that actually____42____us rather than allows us to flourish (茁壮成长).
Since the moment I discovered music as a ____43____ of mine, I have always known that I don’t want to teach it. To me, music is something that cannot be ____44____. It is not a step-by-step ____45____ in my opinion. You must have some sort of talent to build on. ____46____ , as I began my reluctant (不情愿的) search for vocal teaching positions, you can imagine my ____47____ at how rewarding the profession sounded. The job advertisement was offering a teaching ____48____ in a highly reputable music school. They ____49____ that their teachers work to “develop students” and to “prepare them for performances at school and around the community.” This is something that____50____me. I didn’t realize just how much I ____51____ to give young students with a passion for music the same nurturing (培养) in their ____52____ growth that I received.
I was extremely ____53____ when I didn’t find many job ads requesting singers or entertainers which I planned to be. Had I not been ____54____ , I wouldn’t have considered music teaching nor would I have discovered all the ____55____ things that come along with it. By not limiting my path, I suddenly saw many roads I could follow. So, as the old saying states, “Don’t knock it, til you try it.”
41. A. determine B. achieve C. produce D. consider
42. A. occupies B. limits C. directs D. inspires
43. A. passion B. partner C. guide D. target
44. A. explained B. recorded C. understood D. taught
45. A. routine B. approach C. process D. project
46. A. However B. Therefore C. Besides D. Otherwise
47. A. relief B. embarrassment C. surprise D. excitement
48. A. position B. method C. course D. philosophy
49. A. showed B. suggested C. pretended D. stated
50. A. interested B. amused C. annoyed D. confused
51. A. desired B. hated C. failed D. needed
52. A. healthy B. intellectual C. musical D. physical
53. A. astonished B. motivated C. relaxed D. discouraged
54. A. self-centered B. open-minded C. good-natured D. public-spirited
55. A. strange B. similar C. wonderful D. common
【答案】41. D 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. B 47. C 48. A 49. D 50. A 51. A 52. C 53. D 54. B 55. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一开始不愿意教音乐，认为音乐是教不来的，到后来没有限制自己，发现了从事音乐教学可以培养对音乐充满热情的年轻学生。作者认为否认自己有机会从不同的角度看问题，我们就失去了许多美好的机会。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：选择不考虑一种情况的所有可能的结果，我们可能会选择一个方向，实际上限制了我们，而不是让我们蓬勃发展。A. determine决定；B. achieve实现；C. produce产生；D. consider考虑。根据上文“In denying ourselves the chance to see a situation from different perspectives, we rob ourselves of many wonderful opportunities.”可知，此处指不考虑一种情况的所有可能的结果，我们可能会选择一个方向，故选D。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：选择不考虑一种情况的所有可能的结果，我们可能会选择一个方向，实际上限制了我们，而不是让我们蓬勃发展。A. occupies占据；B. limits限制；C. directs指导；D. inspires鼓舞。根据上文“we may choose a direction that actually”可知，只选择一种方向会限制我们。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从我发现音乐是我的一种激情的那一刻起，我就一直知道我不想教它。A. passion激情；B. partner伙伴；C. guide指导；D. target目标。后文提到了作者从事音乐教学工作，所以可推测作者喜欢音乐，对音乐充满激情。后文“with a passion for music”也是提示。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，音乐是教不来的。A. explained解释；B. recorded记录；C. understood理解；D. taught教。呼应上文“I don’t want to teach it.”作者认为音乐教不了，故选D。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我看来，这不是一个循序渐进的过程。A. routine常规；B. approach方法；C. process过程；D. project项目。根据后文“You must have some sort of talent to build on.”可知，作者认为音乐这不是一个循序渐进的过程，需要某种才能。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，当我开始不情愿地寻找声乐教学职位时，你可以想象我对这个职业的回报是多么的惊讶。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Besides此外；D. Otherwise否则。上文“You must have some sort of talent to build on.”与后文构成因果关系，故选B。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，当我开始不情愿地寻找声乐教学职位时，你可以想象我对这个职业的回报是多么的惊讶。A. relief安慰；B. embarrassment尴尬；C. surprise惊喜；D. excitement激动。根据后文“Had I not been I wouldn’t have considered music teaching nor would I have discovered all the things that come along with it.”提到作者在教学中也得到了成长，这与一开始作者不愿意教音乐形成对比，所以作者很惊讶。故选C。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：招聘广告提供了一所声誉很高的音乐学校的教师职位。A. position位置，职位；B. method方法；C. course课程；D. philosophy哲学。呼应上文“for vocal teaching positions”指音乐教师职位。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们表示，他们的老师致力于“培养学生”，并“为他们在学校和社区的表演做好准备”。A. showed展示；B. suggested建议；C. pretended假装；D. stated陈述。后文“their teachers work to “develop students” and to “prepare them for performances at school and around the community.””是第三方陈述的观点，应用动词state。故选D。
50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我感兴趣的东西。A. interested感兴趣的；B. amused被逗乐的；C. annoyed生气的；D. confused困惑的。根据后文“to give young students with a passion for music”可知，招聘广告提到的老师致力于“培养学生”，并“为他们在学校和社区的表演做好准备”，是作者感兴趣的地方，因为作者也渴望给那些对音乐充满热情的年轻学生同样的培养，故选A。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有意识到我是多么渴望给那些对音乐充满热情的年轻学生同样的培养，让他们在音乐上成长。A. desired渴望；B. hated讨厌；C. failed失败；D. needed需要。根据后文“to give young students with a passion for music the same nurturing in their”指作者也渴望给那些对音乐充满热情的年轻学生同样的培养，故选A。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我没有意识到我是多么渴望给那些对音乐充满热情的年轻学生同样的培养，让他们在音乐上成长。A. healthy健康的；B. intellectual智力的；C. musical音乐的；D. physical物理的。根据上文“give young students with a passion for music”此处指音乐上的成长，故选C。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我没有找到很多招聘歌手或艺人的广告时，我感到非常沮丧。A. astonished惊讶的；B. motivated积极的；C. relaxed放松的；D. discouraged沮丧的。根据后文“when I didn’t find many job ads requesting singers or entertainers which I planned to be”克制，作者没有找到很多招聘歌手或艺人的广告，所以感到沮丧。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我不是思想开放，我就不会考虑音乐教学，也不会发现随之而来的所有美妙的事情。A. self-centered自我中心的；B. open-minded虚心的；C. good-natured和蔼的；D. public-spirited有爱国心的。作者从一开始不愿意教音乐，到后来考虑音乐教学，说明思想开放。故选B。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我不是思想开放，我就不会考虑音乐教学，也不会发现随之而来的所有美妙的事情。A. strange奇怪的；B. similar相似的；C. wonderful美妙的；D. common共同的。根据上文“In denying ourselves the chance to see a situation from different perspectives, we rob ourselves of many wonderful opportunities.”结合后文提到了作者没有限制自己的道路，说明从事音乐教学让作者发现了美好的事情。故选C。
第二节(共10小题, 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The recent hit in China is all about Harbin, Helongjiang. Numerous netizens have expressed their longing for this northern ice city, ____56____ (enthusiastic) declaring, “Harbin, I’m coming!”
Among those highlights, ____57____ journey of 11 kids from Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region has melted hearts across the Internet. Chinese netizens have been eagerly following their adventures online.
Fondly (深情地) ____58____ (describe) as “Little Tangerines (柑橘)” for their orange-colored coats, the kids also visited China’s northernmost town, ____59____ they sang the national anthem. The firefighters there had prepared snow sculptures and snowmen, eagerly expecting the ____60____ (arrive) of the “Little Tangerines”. Mr. Liang, the leader of the group, confirmed their coming in Mohe.
This study tour, under the spotlight of the entire Internet, ____61____ (draw) a lot of attention. The parents are grateful for the concern shown by netizens and the care provided by friends in the Northeast China. They feel more ____62____ ease with everyone’s collective support.
____63____ was reported that the residents organized a fleet of about 300 private vehicles, ____64____ (provide) free rides to tourists. Despite the city’s freezing climate, its residents work diligently _____65_____ (create) a warm environment for their guests.
【答案】56. enthusiastically
57. the 58. described
59. where 60. arrival
61. has drawn
62. at 63. It
64. providing
65 to create
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了黑龙江哈尔滨在最近大火，吸引了众多游客，其中最引人瞩目的是广西的“砂糖橘”游学团，他们的一举一动牵动着网友们的心，而哈尔滨的当地居民则努力为游客创造一个温暖的环境。
【56题详解】
考查副词。句意：无数网友表达了对这座北方冰城的向往，热情地高呼：“哈尔滨，我来了！”分析句子可知，空处修饰动词declaring用副词，enthusiastic的副词形式enthusiastically符合题意，意为“热情地”。故填enthusiastically。
【57题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在这些亮点中，来自广西壮族自治区的11名孩子的旅程融化了整个互联网的心。分析句子可知，空处表示特指，指这11名孩子的这趟旅程，应用定冠词the。故填the。
【58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：孩子们被亲切地描述为“砂糖橘”，因为他们穿着橙色的外套，他们还参观了中国最北端的小镇，在那里他们唱了国歌。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处是非谓语动词，对主语the kids作说明，describe“描述”和the kids逻辑上是被动关系，应用describe的过去分词形式。故填described。
【59题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：孩子们被亲切地描述为“砂糖橘”，因为他们穿着橙色的外套，他们还参观了中国最北端的小镇，在那里他们唱了国歌。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词China’s northernmost town作补充说明，先行词在从句中表示行为发生的地点，作地点状语，应用关系副词where作引导词。故填where。
【60题详解】
考查名词。句意：那里的消防队员们已经准备好了雪雕和雪人，热切地期待着“砂糖橘”的到来。分析句子可知，空处作expecting的宾语，空前有the，arrive的名词形式arrival符合题意，意为“到来，到达”。故填arrival。
【61题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这次在整个互联网的聚光灯下的游学活动引起了很多关注。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，此处侧重表示过去的动作持续到现在，对现在造成影响，时态应用现在完成时，且主语This study tour为单数，助动词用has。故填has drawn。
【62题详解】
考查介词。句意：在大家的集体支持下，他们感到更加放心。根据“feel”和“ease”可推知，此处用固定短语feel at ease表示“感到放心”。故填at。
【63题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：据报道，当地居民组织了一支由约300辆私家车组成的车队，为游客提供免费乘车服务。根据“was reported that”可推知，此处用固定句型it was reported that…，意为“据报道……”，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的从句，且空处位于句首，it的首字母需大写。故填It。
【64题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：据报道，当地居民组织了一支由约300辆私家车组成的车队，为游客提供免费乘车服务。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处的行为和organized的行为同时发生，空处作伴随状语，provide“提供”和the residents逻辑上是主动关系，应用provide的现在分词形式。故填providing。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管这个城市气候寒冷，但它的居民努力工作，为他们的客人创造一个温暖的环境。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处作目的状语，表示“为了……”，应用create的不定式形式。故填to create。
第四部分 课内知识(共三节 ,满分25分)
第五部分 第一节(共7小题, 每小题1分, 满分7分)
根据语境，选择下框中的单词替换句中划线部分的单词或短语，使之意思一致。
A. digested B. dramatic C. gain D. associate E. yielded F. expand G. solid
66. The young people gradually get more of confidence in their abilities.
67. He never gave way to the enormous technical difficulties.
68. The sharp increase in crime has left the city on edge.
69. By reading different books, we can broaden our view and gain a broader perspective on life.
70. The scientific research conducted by the team has provided reliable evidence.
71. We tend to connect fresh air with health care.
72. After reading the article, I took in all of the information and had a deeper understanding of the topic.
【答案】66. C 67. E
68. B 69. F
70. G 71. D
72. A
【解析】
【66题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：年轻人逐渐对自己的能力有了更多的信心。句中的动词短语get more of意义为“得到更多”，与C项中的gain“获得”意义一致。故选C项。
【67题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：他从未向巨大的技术困难让步。句中的动词短语gave way意义为“让步，屈服”，与E项中的yielded“屈服，让步”意义一致。故选E项。
【68题详解】
考查形容词。句意：犯罪的急剧增加使这个城市处于紧张状态。句中的形容词sharp作定语，意义为“急剧的”，与B项中的dramatic“急剧的”意义一致。故选B项。
【69题详解】
考查动词。句意：通过阅读不同的书籍，我们可以拓宽我们的视野，获得更广阔的人生观。句中的broaden为动词，意义为“增长（经验、知识等）”，与F项中的expand“增加；扩展”意义一致。故选F项。
【70题详解】
考查形容词。句意：该小组进行的科学研究提供了可靠的证据。句中的reliable是形容词作定语，意义为“可靠的”，与G项中的solid“可靠的，可信赖的”意义一致。故选G项。
【71题详解】
考查动词。句意：我们往往把新鲜空气和保健联系在一起。句中的connect是动词，意义为“联系”，与D项中的associate“联系”意义一致。故选D项。
【72题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：读完这篇文章后，我吸收了所有的信息，对这个话题有了更深的理解。句中的动词短语took in意义为“吸收，理解”，与A项中的digested“理解，领悟”意义一致。故选A项。
第二节(共8小题;每小题1分,满分8分)
根据语境，选择下框中的单词或短语，必要时用正确的形式填空。框中有两个为多余的单词或短语。
in turn subscribe to tackle in charge of severe get involved in side with consist of regardless of as far as I’m concerned
73. You can make new friends if you ________ group activities.
74. No matter what you determine to do , I________ you.
75. Due to the economic depression, job opportunities are ________ limited at the moment.
76. Most houses are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems________ heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers.
77. The authorities no longer ________ the view that disabled people are not qualified as teachers.
78. He insisted on taking the risk, ________ the consequences.
79. It was the first time that I ________ such a complex problem.
80. “Making cities smarter is one way out, and I think this will ________ make cities greener”, said Dan Hill, head of a research company.
【答案】73. get involved in
74. will side with
75. severely
76. consisting of
77. subscribe to
78. regardless of
79. had tackled
80. in turn
【解析】
【73题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：如果你参加团体活动，你会交到新朋友。根据“You can make new friends”以及句意“参加”可知，应填get involved in，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为you，谓语用原形。故填get involved in。
【74题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：不管你决定做什么，我都会支持你。根据“No matter what you determine to do”以及句意“支持”可知，应填side with，表示将来的动作用一般将来时。故填will side with。
【75题详解】
考查副词。句意：由于经济萧条，目前的工作机会非常有限。根据“Due to the economic depression,”以及句意“非常”可知，应填副词severely，修饰形容词limited。故填severely。
【76题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：大多数房屋还配备了自动火灾报警系统，包括热探测器、烟雾探测器和洒水器。根据“heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers”以及句意“包括”可知，应填consist of，分析句子结构可知，与逻辑主语systems构成主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填consisting of。
【77题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：当局不再赞同残疾人不能胜任教师的观点。根据“the view that disabled people are not qualified as teachers”以及句意“赞同”可知，应填subscribe to，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为复数名词，谓语用原形。故填subscribe to。
【78题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：他不顾后果，坚持要冒这个险。根据“He insisted on taking the risk”以及句意“不顾”可知，应填regardless of，故填regardless of。
【79题详解】
考查动词。句意：这是我第一次处理如此复杂的问题。根据“such a complex problem”以及句意“处理”可知，应填tackle，此处为句型It was the first time that+过去完成时，故填had tackled。
【80题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：一家研究公司的负责人Dan Hill表示：“让城市更智能是一条出路，我认为这反过来会让城市更环保。”根据“make cities greener”以及句意“反过来”可知，应填in turn，故填in turn。
第三节(共5小题, 每小题2分, 满分10分)
翻译。81-83题按括号中的要求进行汉译英,84-85题进行英译汉。
81. 确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千百万中国农民无异。(devote...to... 把……投入/用于……)(汉译英)
【答案】Indeed, his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he had devoted his life.
【解析】
【详解】考查副词、名词短语、定语从句、动词短语和时态。根据句意以及句子的提示短语可知，表示“确实”为副词Indeed；表示“他瘦削但结实的身躯”应为名词短语his slim but strong body；表示“像”为动词短语be like；表示“千百万中国农民”应为名词短语millions of Chinese farmers；后接介词to+关系代词whom引导的定语从句，在该定语从句中，表示“把……投入/用于……”应为动词短语devote...to...；表示“他的一生”应为名词短语his life；关系词替代先行词millions of Chinese farmers在从句中作介词to的宾语成分，此处为介词to前置。结合句意可知，该句应为陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时，从句为过去完成时。故翻译为Indeed, his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he had devoted his life.
82. 虽然一些留学生住在学校里，但是谢蕾选择住在寄宿家庭，这有助于她适应异国文化。(who引导非限制性定语从句)(汉译英)
【答案】Although some foreign students live in campus accommodation, Xie Lei chose to live with a host family, who can help with her adaptation to the new culture.
【解析】
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。根据句意可知，“虽然……但是……”可使用Although引导状语从句，“一些留学生”可翻译为some foreign students，“住在学校里”可翻译为live in campus accommodation，根据要求可知，此处可使用who引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Xie Lei指人，可使用who在从句中作主语，“选择”可翻译为choose to，根据语境可知，该句陈述过去事实，可使用一般过去时。“住在寄宿家庭”可翻译为live with a host family，句子陈述目前事实，可使用一般现在时，定语从句中“有助于”可翻译为help with sth.，“适应”可翻译为one’s adaptation to sth.，“异国文化”可翻译为new culture。故翻译为Although some foreign students live in campus accommodation, Xie Lei chose to live with a host family, who can help with her adaptation to the new culture.
83. 令她惊喜的是，仅仅几周时间，她就能在课堂上大胆发言了。(what引导的主语从句; 表语从句; find+宾语+宾补结构) (汉译英)
【答案】What surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks.
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句，表语从句和固定结构。根据要求可知，此处可用固定句型what...is/was that...，what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句；表示“令她惊喜”应可翻译为surprise her；表语从句主语为she；表示“就能在课堂上大胆发言了”可使用find+宾语+宾补结构，即find oneself doing sth.，翻译为find herself speaking up in class，“仅仅几周时间”可翻译为after just a few weeks。根据语境可知，该句陈述过去事实，可使用一般过去时。故翻译为What surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks.
84. In time, he rose to become a famous doctor, and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth. (英译汉)
【答案】后来，他成了一位名医，甚至照料分娩的维多利亚女王。
【解析】
【详解】考查短语，时态和从句。in time是固定短语，作状语，译为“后来”，rose to译为“上升至”，become a famous doctor译为“成为一位名医”，even“甚至”，attend to是固定短语，译为“照顾”，“Queen Victoria”译为“维多利亚女王”，when引导时间状语从句，give birth“分娩”，故答案为：后来，他成了一位名医，甚至照料分娩的维多利亚女王。
85. At a minimum, the kinds of food local people consume tell us what they grow in their region.(英译汉)
【答案】当地人的食物种类至少能让我们知道该地区种植什么作物。
【解析】
【详解】考查英译汉。短语At a minimum表示“至少”；the kinds of food local people consume作主语，表示“当地人的食物种类”；tell表示“告诉”；us作宾语；后跟what引导的宾语从句；what they grow in their region表示“在该地区种植的作物”。综上整合语言，故翻译为：当地人的食物种类至少能让我们知道该地区种植什么作物。
第五部分 写作(满分 25分)
86. 假设你是红星中学的李华，从网上得知为促进国际文化交流和相互合作，“一带一路国际合作高峰论坛” 将于今年9月在北京举行。组委会现面向全社会招募志愿者。你很感兴趣。请你按照相关要求用英语给组委会写一封申请信，介绍个人优势，应征此次志愿者工作。
(1)性格特点(如：热情开朗、有礼貌等)；
(2)相关能力(如：熟悉中国传统文化，口语流利等)；
(3)简单阐述对“一带一路”重要意义的理解；
注意：(1)词数不少于 100。
(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
(3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛 The Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation
Dear Sir,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir,
I’m Li Hua, a middle school student. I’m writing to apply for a valuable opportunity to be a volunteer for The Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation in Beijing in September.
First of all, I think it’s a great honor for me to introduce myself briefly. I am an outgoing student with great passion. As a result, I will spare no effort to serve our distinguished guests from home and abroad politely. What’s more, I have a rich knowledge about Chinese history and especially traditional culture, which enables me to spread our splendid culture to the whole world. In addition, I have a good command of English, thus making it easy for me to communicate well with the foreigners.
I am fully aware of the significance of the Belt and Road Initiative. Recognized by an increasing number of nations, it has greatly promoted cultural exchange, strengthened mutual cooperation and led to building a community with a shared future. If given the chance, I’ll be very delighted to work for this forum and surely be devoted to the job. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。要求考生写一封申请信，申请参加“一带一路国际合作高峰论坛”的志愿者工作。
【详解】1.词汇积累
机会：opportunity→chance
不遗余力做某事：spare no effort to do sth.→make great efforts to do sth.
此外：In addition→Besides
高兴的：delighted→glad
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In addition, I have a good command of English, thus making it easy for me to communicate well with the foreigners.
拓展句：In addition, I have a good command of English, which can make it easy for me to communicate well with the foreigners.
【点睛】【高分句型1】What’s more, I have a rich knowledge about Chinese history and especially traditional culture, which enables me to spread our splendid culture to the whole world. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】In addition, I have a good command of English, thus making it easy for me to communicate well with the foreigners.(运用了现在分词作结果状语)2023-2024学年第一学期八县(市、区)一中期末联考
高中二年英语科试题
考试日期：1月30日 完卷时间：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分：听力(共两节;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节：听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
What does the man buy online
A. Books. B. Clothes. C. Shoes.
2.
What is the man’s boss like
A. She is serious. B. She is humorous. C. She is sociable.
3.
What are the speakers talking about
A. Healthy food. B. Eating habits. C. Weight loss.
4.
Why did the woman leave her former job
A. It required professional skills.
B. It was a badly-paid job.
C. It wasn’t challenging.
5.
How will the man deal with the printer
A. Exchange it. B. Return it. C. Have it fixed.
第二节 (共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What do we know about the woman
A. She likes watching movies.
B. She enjoys outdoor activities.
C. She is pleased with the rainy weather.
7. What did the man do last weekend
A. He did some gardening.
B. He did weekend shopping.
C. He went to a restaurant.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. Over the phone. B. In a company. C. At a bookstore.
9. What language is required for the job
A. German. B. Chinese. C. Spanish.
10. What will the man do next week
A. Start work. B. Attend an interview. C. Complete an application form.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. What was the man doing when the argument broke out
A. He was talking with the woman.
B. He was driving home.
C. He was sleeping.
12. What does the man think of Tara’s words
A. Doubtful. B. Reliable. C. Surprising.
13. What was the cause of the argument
A. The cars crashed into each other.
B. A driver was going the wrong way.
C. The drivers didn’t let each other through.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. What excited Greg’s interest in reading
A. His parents’ encouragement.
B. His grandmother’s books.
C. His summer vacation.
15. Who inspired Greg to become a writer
A His parents. B. His grandmother. C. His teacher.
16. How did Greg feel about his first novel
A. Proud. B. Content. C. Disappointed.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. Whom is the speaker addressing
A. University graduates. B. University freshmen. C. High school students.
18. What did the speaker do in his first year of university
A. He served as a part-time reporter.
B. He studied history as a researcher.
C. He worked at a local radio station.
19. Why does the speaker encourage students to join clubs
A. They can find their true interest.
B. They can enrich their university life.
C. They can improve their communication skills.
20. What is the purpose of the talk
A. To introduce a club. B. To give some advice. C. To share experiences.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节 ,满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Nowadays, more and more young people have the chance to go to another country to study. Studying abroad will enable you to have various experiences. The best recommendation I’d like to give you is to be open to the experiences and the culture shock. Several common new experiences are around food, locations, culture, and language.
Food: The food in a foreign country will not only be different from American food, but the cooking style will also be different. For example, while most American vegetables are usually boiled, which, as far as I’m concerned, is terrible! In China, where I studied, vegetables are often fried. China actually helped me like my former enemy, vegetables. So, have an open mind, and try the local food.
Locations: In terms of locations, I mean that your study abroad location differs from your home location or college location. For example, coming from San Francisco and going to school at Mount Holyoke College in South Hadley, Masschusetts, was a location shock for me. I was not used to the very slow public transport and the need to drive.
Culture: Having an open mind will benefit you the most. In a global education program, we had Chinese roommates, and my Mount Holyoke Class was mainly made up of Chinese graduate students.Therefore, hanging out with them was not too much trouble, but if finding local friends is not that easy, join clubs, sit at coffee shops, or start conversations at a gathering or party. Being interested in flea markets and art galleries, I looked online for those types of events and went to them. At these events, I met expatriates (侨民) and locals alike and became good friends with them. Another way to fit in with the culture is to find people who will go to cultural events and places with you. I would walk around Shanghai, taking in the Chinese culture everywhere I went.
21. Which of the following statement is true according to the passage
A. The writer felt it convenient to drive to school.
B. The writer found it difficult to make friends with locals.
C. The writer disliked vegetables prior to coming to China.
D. You can participate in cultural events online to take in the Chinese culture.
22. We can infer from the passage that the writer .
A. made only Chinese friends when in Shanghai
B. kept an open mind when studying in China
C. disliked his study experience in Masschusetts
D. experienced Chinese culture by traveling everywhere
23. Who may be interested in the passage
A. Parents at home and abroad.
B. Teachers teaching foreign languages.
C. Students studying or to study abroad.
D. Workers in service agencies.
24. Which will be mainly discussed in the following paragraph
A. Friends. B. Language.
C. Study. D. Chinese culture.
25. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A. Make the Most of Your Experience When Studying Abroad
B. Get Familiar with Chinese Culture
C. Be Open to the Chinese Culture Shock
D. My Wonderful Experience When Studying Abroad
B
In the past few months, Sam Altman, the father of ChatGPT, has become the hottest face in the world of AI. Many industry leaders, AI researchers see ChatGPT as a fundamental technological shift, as significant as the creation of the web browser or the iPhone. But few can agree on the future of this technology.
Some believe it will deliver a utopia (乌托邦) where everyone has all the time and money ever needed. Others believe it could destroy humanity. Still others spend much of their time arguing that the technology is never as powerful as everyone says it is, insisting that neither heaven nor hell is as close as it might seem.
Mr. Altman, a slim, boyish-looking, 37-year-old businessman and investor from the suburbs of St. Louis, sits calmly in the middle of it all. As chief executive of OpenAI, he somehow embraces each of these seemingly distinct views, hoping to balance the numerous possibilities as he moves this strange, powerful, unperfect technology into the future.
He believes that artificial intelligence will happen one way or another, that it will do wonderful things that even he can’t yet imagine and that we can find ways of reducing the harm it may cause. It is an attitude that mirrors Mr. Altman’s own path.
He is not necessarily motivated by money. Like many personal fortunes in Silicon Valley that are tied up in a wide variety of public and private companies, Mr. Altman’s wealth is not well recorded. But he said the only money he stands to make from the company is a yearly salary－ “whatever the minimum for health insurance is,” he said.
Georgeann Kepchar, who taught Advanced Placement computer science course, saw Mr. Altman as one of her most talented computer science students－and one with a rare knack for pushing people in new directions. “He had creativity and vision, combined with the ambition and force of personality to convince others to work with him on putting his ideas into action,” she said.
26 Which of the following is the latest technological shift
A. iPhone. B. ChatGPT. C. Web browser. D. AI.
27. Which of the following word can best describe people’s attitude toward ChatGPT
A. optimistic B. pessimistic C. similar D. contradictory
28. What can we infer from paragraph 3
A. Altman is very thin and well-looking.
B. Altman can accept different views quietly.
C. AI will be a destructive technology.
D. AI probably has few possibilities.
29. How does Mr. Altman like AI technology
A. AI will be fantastic. B. AI will be harmful.
C. AI will be visualizable. D. AI will bring him fame.
30. What does the underlined word “knack” mean in the last paragraph
A. Vision. B. Skill. C. Discovery. D. Thought.
C
You are what you eat—and what you eat may be encoded in your DNA. Studies have indicated that your genetics play a role in determining the foods you find delicious or disgusting. But exactly how big a role they play has been difficult to pin down. “Everything has a genetic factor, even if it’s small,” says Joanne Cole, a geneticist and an assistant professor at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. “We know that there is some genetic contribution to why we eat the foods we eat. Can we take the next step and actually show the regions in the genome (基因组) ”
New research led by Cole has gotten a step closer. Through a complex and overall genomics analysis, her team has identified 481 genome zones, or loci, that were directly linked to dietary patterns and food preferences. The findings, which have not yet been peer-reviewed (同伴评审), were presented last month at the American Society for Nutrition’s annual flagship conference.
They build on a 2020 Nature Communications study by Cole and her colleagues that used data from the U.K. Biobank, a public database of the genetic and health information of 500,000 participants. By scanning genomes, the new analysis was able to target 194 regions associated with dietary patterns and 287 linked to specific foods such as fruit, cheese, fish, tea and alcohol. Further understanding how genetics impact how we eat could expose differences in nutritional needs or disease risks.
“One of the problems with a lot of these genomics studies is that they’re very small. Put more simply, they don’t have enough people to really be able to identify genes in ways that are firm. This study had a huge quantity of people, so that’s really powerful,” says Monica Dus, an associate professor at the University of Michigan, who wasn’t a part of the new research but studies the relationship between genes and nutrition. “The other thing that I thought was really great is that they have so many different aspects that they’re measuring , as with diet. They included cholesterol (胆固醇), the body, socioeconomic backgrounds.”
As the research advances, Dus says such genome analyses could possibly help health care providers—and even policymakers—address larger issues that affect food access and health. “Instead of trying to persuade people to eat this or that, a more powerful intervention is to make sure there aren’t ‘food deserts’ or to make sure that there’s a higher minimum wage—things that have a broader impact,” she says.
31. What does “pin down” mean in the first paragraph
A. consume B. qualify C. motivate D. identify
32. What might Dus subsribe to, according to what she said
A. A lot of these genomics studies have been based on sufficient samples.
B. Genes play a slightly small part in everything, even if they do.
C. The findings, which have not yet been peer-reviewed, shouldn’t be published.
D. What comes first is that people should have enough food.
33. Which of the following statements is supported by the research mentioned in the passage
A. Genetic factors have no influence on food preferences.
B. The research team identified 194 genome regions associated with dietary patterns.
C. The research team utilized a small sample size for their genomics analysis.
D. The research findings have been peer-reviewed.
34. What is the main idea of the text
A. Your genes may influence what you like to eat.
B People should stay away from fatty food and sugar.
C. Genes have numerous effects.
D. How to identify genes
35. Which one might the passage come from
A. National Geographic B. Sports Illustrated for kids
C. Scientific American D. The Wall Street Journal
第二节 (共5小题, 每小题2分, 满分10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Most of us associate awe (敬畏) with something rare and beautiful: nature, music or a spiritual experience. But people can waken awe too, and not just public heroes. Research shows that we can be awed by our nearest and dearest — the people sitting next to us on the couch, chatting on the other end of the phone, looking back at us over Zoom. ____36____
Often, interpersonal awe is a response to life’s big, sweeping changes, such as witnessing a baby’s first steps. ____37____ John Bargh said he was “truly awestruck” — by his 5-year-old daughter while dining in a McDonald’s. When she heard another child crying, she grabbed the toy from her Happy Meal, walked over to the boy and handed it to him.
Though we can’t make someone else behave in a way that’s awesome, we can prepare ourselves to notice it when they do and boost the emotion’s positive effects.
Question your assumptions. Do you believe your partner is insensitive or your sibling is selfish There may be a little truth to that, but it’s never the whole tale. ____38____ To increase your chances of feeling awed by the other person, ask yourself what’s going on in his or her life that you don’t know about.
Name awe when you see it. Speaking out “Wow, that was awesome!” is a simple way to help you identify and remember a special experience. Savor (品味) it in the moment and then tell others about it. This will reinforce your positive emotions. ____39____ Studies show that you will feel awe again simply by remembering an awe experience.
____40____ This makes the other person feel good and can give your relationship a boost. And it will help you too: Studies show that people who practice gratitude have significantly higher levels of happiness and psychological well-being.
A. Thank the person who awed you.
B. And recall it or write about it later.
C. Psychologists call this interpersonal awe.
D. It’s easy to forget that it can be awesome too.
E. But interpersonal awe does happen in smaller moments.
F Here’s why you should recognize those moments of interpersonal awe.
G The story you tell yourself gets in the way of catching people at their best.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题, 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。
In denying ourselves the chance to see a situation from different perspectives, we rob (剥夺) ourselves of many wonderful opportunities. By choosing not to ____41____ all possible outcomes of a situation, we may choose a direction that actually____42____us rather than allows us to flourish (茁壮成长).
Since the moment I discovered music as a ____43____ of mine, I have always known that I don’t want to teach it. To me, music is something that cannot be ____44____. It is not a step-by-step ____45____ in my opinion. You must have some sort of talent to build on. ____46____ , as I began my reluctant (不情愿的) search for vocal teaching positions, you can imagine my ____47____ at how rewarding the profession sounded. The job advertisement was offering a teaching ____48____ in a highly reputable music school. They ____49____ that their teachers work to “develop students” and to “prepare them for performances at school and around the community.” This is something that____50____me. I didn’t realize just how much I ____51____ to give young students with a passion for music the same nurturing (培养) in their ____52____ growth that I received.
I was extremely ____53____ when I didn’t find many job ads requesting singers or entertainers which I planned to be. Had I not been ____54____ , I wouldn’t have considered music teaching nor would I have discovered all the ____55____ things that come along with it. By not limiting my path, I suddenly saw many roads I could follow. So, as the old saying states, “Don’t knock it, til you try it.”
41. A. determine B. achieve C. produce D. consider
42. A. occupies B. limits C. directs D. inspires
43. A. passion B. partner C. guide D. target
44. A. explained B. recorded C. understood D. taught
45. A. routine B. approach C. process D. project
46. A. However B. Therefore C. Besides D. Otherwise
47. A. relief B. embarrassment C. surprise D. excitement
48. A. position B. method C. course D. philosophy
49. A. showed B. suggested C. pretended D. stated
50. A. interested B. amused C. annoyed D. confused
51. A. desired B. hated C. failed D. needed
52. A. healthy B. intellectual C. musical D. physical
53. A. astonished B. motivated C. relaxed D. discouraged
54. A. self-centered B. open-minded C. good-natured D. public-spirited
55. A. strange B. similar C. wonderful D. common
第二节(共10小题, 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The recent hit in China is all about Harbin, Helongjiang. Numerous netizens have expressed their longing for this northern ice city, ____56____ (enthusiastic) declaring, “Harbin, I’m coming!”
Among those highlights, ____57____ journey of 11 kids from Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region has melted hearts across the Internet. Chinese netizens have been eagerly following their adventures online.
Fondly (深情地) ____58____ (describe) as “Little Tangerines (柑橘)” for their orange-colored coats, the kids also visited China’s northernmost town, ____59____ they sang the national anthem. The firefighters there had prepared snow sculptures and snowmen, eagerly expecting the ____60____ (arrive) of the “Little Tangerines”. Mr. Liang, the leader of the group, confirmed their coming in Mohe.
This study tour, under the spotlight of the entire Internet, ____61____ (draw) a lot of attention. The parents are grateful for the concern shown by netizens and the care provided by friends in the Northeast China. They feel more ____62____ ease with everyone’s collective support.
____63____ was reported that the residents organized a fleet of about 300 private vehicles, ____64____ (provide) free rides to tourists. Despite the city’s freezing climate, its residents work diligently _____65_____ (create) a warm environment for their guests.
第四部分 课内知识(共三节 ,满分25分)
第五部分 第一节(共7小题, 每小题1分, 满分7分)
根据语境，选择下框中的单词替换句中划线部分的单词或短语，使之意思一致。
A. digested B. dramatic C. gain D. associate E. yielded F. expand G. solid
66. The young people gradually get more of confidence in their abilities.
67. He never gave way to the enormous technical difficulties.
68. The sharp increase in crime has left the city on edge.
69. By reading different books, we can broaden our view and gain a broader perspective on life.
70. The scientific research conducted by the team has provided reliable evidence.
71. We tend to connect fresh air with health care.
72. After reading the article, I took in all of the information and had a deeper understanding of the topic.
第二节(共8小题;每小题1分,满分8分)
根据语境，选择下框中的单词或短语，必要时用正确的形式填空。框中有两个为多余的单词或短语。
in turn subscribe to tackle in charge of severe get involved in side with consist of regardless of as far as I’m concerned
73. You can make new friends if you ________ group activities.
74. No matter what you determine to do , I________ you.
75. Due to the economic depression, job opportunities are ________ limited at the moment.
76. Most houses are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems________ heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers.
77. The authorities no longer ________ the view that disabled people are not qualified as teachers.
78. He insisted on taking the risk, ________ the consequences.
79. It was the first time that I ________ such a complex problem.
80. “Making cities smarter is one way out, and I think this will ________ make cities greener”, said Dan Hill, head of a research company.
第三节(共5小题, 每小题2分, 满分10分)
翻译。81-83题按括号中的要求进行汉译英,84-85题进行英译汉。
81. 确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千百万中国农民无异。(devote...to... 把……投入/用于……)(汉译英)
82. 虽然一些留学生住在学校里，但是谢蕾选择住在寄宿家庭，这有助于她适应异国文化。(who引导非限制性定语从句)(汉译英)
83. 令她惊喜的是，仅仅几周时间，她就能在课堂上大胆发言了。(what引导的主语从句; 表语从句; find+宾语+宾补结构) (汉译英)
84. In time, he rose to become a famous doctor, and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth. (英译汉)
85. At a minimum, the kinds of food local people consume tell us what they grow in their region.(英译汉)
第五部分 写作(满分 25分)
86. 假设你是红星中学的李华，从网上得知为促进国际文化交流和相互合作，“一带一路国际合作高峰论坛” 将于今年9月在北京举行。组委会现面向全社会招募志愿者。你很感兴趣。请你按照相关要求用英语给组委会写一封申请信，介绍个人优势，应征此次志愿者工作。
(1)性格特点(如：热情开朗、有礼貌等)；
(2)相关能力(如：熟悉中国传统文化，口语流利等)；
(3)简单阐述对“一带一路”重要意义的理解；
注意：(1)词数不少于 100。
(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
(3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛 The Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation
Dear Sir,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
