浙江省部分市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语汇编：阅读理解（含解析）

浙江省部分市2023-2024学年上学期高一英语期末试题分类汇编
阅读理解
浙江省嘉兴市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题（含解析）
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
As far as fantastic drives go, few can compete with Highway 395. Here’s what you need to know before starting a road trip along it.
▲ What to Know About Driving on Highway 395
Highway 395 begins in Hesperia, a city about 90 minutes east of Los Angeles. It then continues for 1,300 miles until its end point at the Canadian border (边界). While the entire drive is beautiful, its most famous section runs from the Los Angeles area up to Reno, Nevada.
▲ Where to Stop Along Highway 395
CONVICT LAKE
Convict Lake, one of California’s clearest bodies of water, is a beloved destination for photographers. During your drive, you can pull over for a photo, or quickly hop on a boat and cast a fishing line to see what you can catch.
MAMMOTH MOUNTAINM
Just around the corner, you’ll find Mammoth Mountain, one of America’s best ski destinations. Mammoth is renowned for its extended ski season, often lasting until July, and offers excellent terrain (地形) for all skill levels.
YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK
During your drive pay n visit to Yosemite National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site. Here, you can watch climbers make their way up Half Dome, feel the power of Yosemite Falls, and enjoy the beauty of Tuolumne Meadows.
▲ When to Drive on Highway 395
Because many attractive places along Highway 395 are all-season destinations, there’s really no wrong time to depart on this road trip. However, it’s important to remember the road can get rather dangerous in winter. Check the highway website before leaving to ensure you’re aware of the conditions.
1. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A travel website. B. An official document.
C. A science report. D. A geography textbook.
2. What do the three recommended places to visit have in common
A. They are places suitable for sports fans.
B. They show the historical changes in America.
C. They have beautiful views and excellent terrain.
D. They offer chances for people to get close to nature.
3. What can we learn about Highway 395
A. It starts in Los Angeles and ends in Canada.
B. There isn’t a bad time to start a road trip along it.
C No special preparations are needed before leaving for it.
D. Its most famous destinations are in the Los Angeles area.
B
The 13-year-old Life Scout named Jonathan in Troop 506 is pioneering new ways to perform acts of kindness.
Like many troops, 506 sells popcorn each fall to raise money. In 2019, while still a Cub Scout, Jonathan watched as kids who’d made $1,800 or more in sales walked across a stage to receive a Lego set as a prize. “I really want that Lego set,” he said.
The next year, he successfully got his Legos. However, Troop 506 not only provides Lego sets but also contributes a percentage of their sales in the form of gift cards for Scouting-related activities. Encouraged, Jonathan spent the next few years developing a surprising sale skill.
The year 2021 saw him achieve impressive sales of $46,193.75, making him a top seller in the nation and bringing him $5,000 worth in Amazon cards, He might have spent it on himself, but he had other ideas. Popcorn season closes in late November, and the holidays were on his mind—particularly the stories his father had told him about his own days in foster care.
“They don’t really have Christmas,” Jonathan said. With $5,000, he could bring Christmas to a lot of kids. With the help of his mother, he made his way to the social services offices.
Anyone else might have simply sent in the money and felt they’d done enough. Not Jonathan. He requested information about each kid, including age, gender and interests. He changed from a big seller to a big spender, personally choosing gifts for dozens of kids, like a Santa.
“The most worthwhile thing,” he said, “is to try to put happiness into the lives of others.”
4. What encouraged Jonathan to improve his selling techniques
A. The Lego set to be received as a prize. B. The money to be raised by selling popcorn.
C. The cards that could be gained to buy goods. D. The praise that a sales champion would win.
5. Why is Jonathan’s father mentioned in paragraph 4
A. To explain why Jonathan had other ideas.
B. To show how his father’s story impressed him.
C. To compare lifestyles of two different generations.
D. To provide information about Jonathan’s childhood.
6. Which of the following can best describe Jonathan
A. Outgoing and selfless. B. Brave and smart.
C Thoughtful and caring. D. Gifted and honest.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. A Scout Helps in Social Service Offices B. A Scout Sells a Record Amount of Popcorn
C. A Scout Changes from a Seller to a Spender D. A Scout Plays Santa for Kids in Foster Care
C
Choosing a hotel, restaurant or new product can be a difficult task. There’s so much on offer, and making a mistake can be expensive. This is why many people turn to online reviews—opinions and information written by people who have used a service or bought a product. But can we trust them
About 70% of Americans say they believe online user reviews. According to experts, this is because when we read a review by another consumer, we feel like we’re getting a personal recommendation from a friend. But a recent study shows that about one third of online reviews are fake. Apparently, companies are so desperate for good reviews that they’ve started to “play” the system. So, how do they do it
One trick is to give positive reviews to your own product or service. Best-selling writer RJ Ellory was recently caught writing 5- starreviewso fhisownbooksonAmazon.com. Using a pen name he called one of his books a “modern masterpiece (杰作)” and said another would “touch people’s hearts”. RJ also wrote negative reviews of his competitors’ books.
Another trick is to “buy” good reviews. Last year, the Cove Hotel in Cornwall was caught giving guests discounts if they wrote “honest but positive” reviews on TripAdvisor. The trick worked—one guest called The Cove “a dream comes true”. Some people are even making a living by writing favourable reviews. In 2010, American Todd Rutherford started . For $99, Todd would write a positive review of your book on Amazon.com; and for $999, he’d write 50 reviews.
So, how can you tell a fake review First, if the reviewer uses lots of highly positive language, it’s probably fake, Secondly, if the review reads like an advertisement, it probably is an ad. And finally, if the review is negative but also speaks highly of a competitor, it might have been written by that competitor.
8. The author introduces the topic of the text in paragraph 1 by ______.
A. discussing some questions B. describing a common situation
C. presenting different opinions D. analyzing a specific example
9. What does the underlined word “fake” in paragraph 2 mean
A. False. B. Fair. C. Honest. D. Disappointing.
10. What can we learn from paragraph 3 and paragraph 4
A. Positive reviews can touch people’s hearts.
B. Companies use the reviewing system to their advantage.
C. Many hotels pay guests to write positive reviews for them.
D. Writing reviews is a major source of income for Internet users.
11. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. Features of some types of online reviews.
B. Reasons behind choices of online reviews.
C. Suggestions on how to judge online reviews.
D. Ways to tell positive online views from negative ones.
D
With their beautiful feathers, roosters might be forgiven for secretly taking quick looks in the mirror—especially as research now suggests the birds may be able to recognise themselves.
The ability to recognise oneself in the mirror has so far been found in a handful of animals, including elephants, dolphins, and certain fish and birds. Sonja Hillemacher, one of the authors of the study at the University of Bonn, said animals that can recognise themselves in a mirror often seemed to have more advanced cognitive abilities, and that there was a link to social and emotional wisdom, as well as self-awareness. “This ability is a basic aspect of cognition. It is also important for us,” she said.
Writing in the journal Plos One, Hillemacher and her colleagues note that roosters tend to call out to their fellow chickens if they see a threat. If a rooster is alone, however, it does not usually raise the alarm as it could draw the enemy’s attention.
In the experiment, the team placed a rooster in an indoor space and then placed a mirror, or another rooster, or nothing. The team then showed the image of a flying hawk (鹰) onto the ceiling in the space.
The results from 58 roosters found that the birds made far more alarm calls when they could see another rooster nearby, with 1.33 alarm calls per bird on average over three tests, than when alone (0.29 calls on average) or faced with the mirror (0.43 calls on average). In the follow-up experiment, the team found a similar reduction in calls when they placed a second rooster out of sight behind the mirror. The team said the findings suggest the birds did not regard their reflection as another rooster, even when there was also the presence of smell and sound of a second bird, which proves that roosters may recognise themselves in a mirror.
12. What does the new study led by Sonjn Hillemacher show
A. Only a few animals can recognise themselves in a mirror.
B. Some animals have cognitive abilities similar to humans.
C. Roosters will enjoy their own beauty when looking in a mirror.
D. Roosters may have the ability to recognise themselves in a mirror.
13. What is the purpose of paragraph 3
A. To stress the importance of the research. B. To provide the scientific basis for the research.
C. To explain reasons for carrying out the research. D. To offer details of the preparation for the research.
14. What do we know about how the experiments were conducted
A. A flying hawk was put in an indoor space. B. A second rooster was placed near a mirror.
C. Different conditions were set to test the roosters. D. Separate areas were needed to group the roosters.
15. How did the roosters react in the experiments
A. They made only a bit more alarm calls with a second rooster in sight.
B. They made fewer alarm calls when faced with a mirror than when alone.
C. They made more than one alarm call in each test with another rooster in sight.
D. They made similarly fewer alarm calls when another rooster was hidden nearby.
浙江省宁波市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试卷（含解析）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
Do you have a story to share
Traces welcomes article submissions (提交)from historians, genealogists (系谱学者), family history researchers, and history lovers.
·Ancest or stories
·Historical research and news
·Research tips
·Character studies
·Historical building profiles
·Antiques, collections, and preservation
·Personal heirlooms
Please note that all article submissions will be reviewed by the editor. The editor has the right to refuse submissions.
Articles are between 1,000 and 1,200 words (except personal heirloom submissions, which are 100-200 words). If imagery is available, it must be high resolution (300 dpi).
Send your submissions to eden.cox@.au.
21. Who decides whether your article will be accepted
A. History lovers. B. Historians.
C. Genealogists. D. Editors.
22. What submission is likely to be accepted
A An imagery with low resolution. B. A research tip of around 200 words.
C. An ancestor story of around 1,100 words. D. A personal heirloom of around 1,200 words.
23. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A note. B. A story. C. An advertisement. D. An encyclopedia.
B
For as long as I can remember, I’ve had animals in my life. These days, there are four small companions: three dogs and an eight-year-old brown Burmese cat called Soo. I love them all dearly and they are the best company possible. They greet me warmly each time I come home, never complain and never get angry or argue with me. I have, though, discovered recently, after all these years of never being without a pet, there are unexpected risks of living with animals.
This year, I’ve spent four weeks in hospital, thanks to the cat. I felt such a fool telling the doctors that the terrible bruising (擦伤) and growing lump (肿块) in the middle of my right foot was due to my cat misbehaving.
It was a Sunday night. I’d had friends for lunch and was in the kitchen clearing up. I’d emptied and washed a heavy glass ashtray (烟灰缸), which I’d placed on the side. Soo knows she’s not allowed on the kitchen surfaces. Yet, she jumped up, marched towards the ashtray, and knocked it off. I like to think she didn’t know my foot was directly in her line of fire, but it was. I cried with pain. I couldn’t see any obvious wound and the ashtray survived the fall. I thought nothing more of it.
I’ve never seen such bruising as appeared the next day, but I carried on. I had work to do. It wasn’t too painful and surely the bruising would go away eventually. I carried on like that for a couple of weeks until a visit from my son, who thought the lump had grown and could be infected, so demanded I take a trip to the hospital.
As for forgiveness, there’s nothing to forgive. It’s my fault the ashtray was too close to the edge. There’ll still be treats and toys prepared for my pets under the Christmas tree.
24. What has the writer found recently about having pets
A. Pets are the best company possible. B. Pets may bring danger to their owners.
C. Pets never complain or argue with people. D. Dogs and cats are great pets in people’s life.
25. What was the result of the accident
A. I was grateful to my cat Soo. B. I was made fun of by doctors.
C. I only suffered some bruising. D. I stayed in hospital for several weeks.
26. What do we know about the accident
A. My son took my wound more seriously.
B. Soo didn’t knock off the ashtray on purpose.
C. It happened when I was cooking in the kitchen.
D. I took a trip to the hospital right after the accident.
27. Which can best describe the writer’s attitude towards pets
A. Love them all to bits. B. Hate their misbehaviors.
C. Understand their feelings. D. Complain about their company.
C
Of all the ways to define (定义) a challenge, the simplest works best: a call for special effort. It applies to everyone. It’s not enough to say that skiing a black diamond is a challenge; or that snowshoeing a 10-kilometr e route is a challenge. For some, neither may be. For others, both are unimaginable.
A call for special effort means only you know when you’re being challenged. If you’re red-faced and out of breath, it’s probably a challenge. If you have to focus and work hard to complete the task, consider yourself challenged.
This season, we sourced 10 of the most exciting winter challenges around Canada. Sure, there are some that even the writer has no intention of trying, but they all excite the imagination. They’re all about inspiring outdoor experiences at ExploreTM. We encourage adaptation as well as adoption.
When you read the feature (专栏) on page 28, you may give up the 6633 Arctic Ultra as well as the Ice Mile—but the Wapta Traverse, the famous Rocky Mountain ski tour, or the Pentathlon des Neiges, in Quebec City, may fit the bill nicely. Or maybe it’s a day-tour in the Rockies and sampling just one of the Pentathlon sports in a more relaxed setting. It’s up to you.
We wrote this article because we want you to see the possibility of winter: to look beyond a simple, though satisfying, day on the ski hill or skate on a nearby lake; to see winter as every bit as colorful as summer.
28. What does the writer think is the best way to define a challenge
A. Skiing a black diamond. B. A call for special effort.
C. Applying it to everyone. D. Snowshoeing a challenging route.
29. How does the writer feel about the 10 winter challenges around Canada in Paragraph 3
A. They are worth trying. B. They are the most challenging.
C. They are suitable for the writer. D. They fail to fire the imagination.
30. Which of the following will the writer avoid recommending
A. The Ice Mile. B. The Wapta Traverse.
C. The Pentathlon des Neiges. D. The Rocky Mountain ski tour.
31. What is the purpose of writing this article
A. To define a challenge. B. To introduce Canada’s sights.
C. To praise adventurous tourists. D. To encourage exploring winter challenges.
D
Computer-generated (产生) writers…writing computer-generated stories
Sports Illustrated is the latest media company to see its good name damaged—if not totally dishonest—about who or what is writing its stories at the beginning of the artificial intelligence (AI) age. The once-powerful media company said it was firing a company that produced articles for its website written by writers who clearly don’t exist.
This week, the Futurism website reported that Sports Illustrated used stories written by writers it could not identify. Upon questioning Sports Illustrated, Futurism said all of the writers with Al-generated photos disappeared from the magazine’s website. No explanation was offered. Futurism quoted (引用) an unnamed person at the magazine who said AI was used in the creation of some content as well—“no matter how much they say that it’s not.”
Sports Illustrated said the articles in question were created by a third-party company, AdVon Commerce, which made the magazine believe that they were written and edited by humans. AdVon had its writers use a pen name, “actions we don’t agree on,” Sports Illustrated said.
Earlier this year, experiments with AI went wrong at media companies. Many companies are testing the new technology at a time when human workers fear it could cost jobs. But it doesn’t work in journalism, which builds and markets its values-based products on truth. “Although there’s nothing wrong in media companies’ experimenting with AI, the mistake is in trying to hide it,” said Tom Rosenstiel, a University of Maryland professor who teaches journalism ethnics (新闻道德). “If you want to be in the truth-telling business, you shouldn’t tell lies,” Rosenstiel said, “A secret is a form of lying.”
32. What can we learn about Sports Illustrated according to Paragraph 2
A. It was an honest media company. B. AI might do harm to its good name.
C. It fired a company started at an AI Age. D. Al made it the latest technology company.
33. Why did the Futurism question Sports Illustrated
A. Because Sports Illustrated used the same writers to create stories.
B. Because AI-generated stories were used on the magazine’s website.
C. Because Sports Illustrated quoted an unnamed person at the magazine.
D. Because AI-generated photos disappeared from the magazine’s website.
34. Which “cost” below is in the closet meaning to the “cost” in the last paragraph
A. This dictionary cost him 10 dollars.
B. The house cost my aunt an arm and a leg.
C. Such behaviour could cost you your place in the team.
D. I didn’t get my dream sports shoes because they cost a lot.
35. What might be the best title for the text
A. Media Companies that Use AI Tool.
B Writing Computer-generated Stories.
C. Al Writing Ruining Media Company’s Fame.
D. Firing Companies that Produce Al-written Stories.
浙江省绍兴市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题（含解析）
第一节(共16 小题; 每小题2分, 满分 32分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Four villages in China were named Best Tourism Villages 2023, an award by the World Tourism Organization(UNWTO). They are Xiajiang village from Zhejiang province, Huangling village from Jiangxi province, Zhagana village from Gansu province and Zhujiawan village from Shanxi province. The decision was announced at the 25th session of the UNWTO General Assembly in Samarkand, Uzbekistan, on Thursday local time.
Xiajiang village
Located in East China’s Zhejiang province, it has earned a striking spot for its unspoiled natural beauty and a unique cultural heritage that spans from traditional folk culture to historical “red culture”. This picturesque corner of East China is now witnessing waves of tourists. A 140-kilometer lakeside track weaves through the amazing setting, giving riders the chance to bury themselves in the natural beauty of the Qiandao Lake area. This inviting experience attracts cycling enthusiasts from all over the world.
Huangling village
Set in a mountainous region with terraced fields(梯田), forests, and rivers, Huangling village is famous for its breathtaking natural scenery, traditional architecture, and the preservation of ancient customs. Its ancient houses are characterized by whitewashed walls, black-tiled roofs, and carefully carved wooden elements. These architectural features provide a glimpse into China’s rich history and cultural heritage.
Zhagana village
The village has also been named as a globally important agricultural and cultural heritage site by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Zhagana is located at an altitude of 3,000 to 3,300 meters and is surrounded by mountains, with the highest peak reaching 4,500 meters. The steep mountains and old Tibetan-style houses make up a “grand stone palace” or an ancient city built by natural rock walls. It has changed from a closed mountainous village to a scenic spot where tourists can enjoy a slow and leisurely life.
Zhujiawan village
Zhujiawan village covers an area of 126 square kilometers with over 1,200 species of animals and plants. The village has 25 intangible cultural treasures, including the Zhashui Fish Drum and traditional brewing(酿造)practices. Additionally, it is home to 17 tangible cultural relics, such as ancient Qinling Mountain houses, time-worn road remains and the historic Xiaoyi Hall site. In recent years, Zhujiawan village has made full use of its ecological strengths to develop tourism. During this year’s tourist peak season, Zhujiawan Village is receiving over 15,000 visitors daily.
1. Which village would cyclists prefer
A. Huangling village. B. Xiajiang village.
C. Zhagana village. D. Zhujiawan village.
2. What do Huangling village and Zhagana village have in common
A. They are located at the riverside.
B They are surrounded by high peaks.
C. They have houses in ancient styles.
D. They have won another global award.
3. What can visitors do in Zhujiawan village
A. Observe a variety of living species.
B. Explore the remains of a lakeside track.
C. Experience traditional farming practices.
D. Visit ancient farms in Qinling Mountain.
4. Where can we most probably read this passage
A. An art magazine. B. A travel brochure.
C. A history textbook. D. A news report.
B
“When I was a child, I enjoyed watching Chinese dramas such as Princess Pearl and Journey to the West. Fascinated by the Chinese language and culture, I finally pursued it as my major for both my undergraduate and master’s degrees,” said Dinh Thi Thu Ha, a 32-year-old Vietnamese woman working at the waste burning power factory of China First Metallurgical(冶金)Group.
When she first applied for the job in 2019, she aimed for the translator position because the company was preparing for a Vietnam project, its first overseas waste-to-energy factory, in Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam, and it was in great need of translators. “At first, I wasn’t sure how long I could do the job since the working environment was harsh. We were surrounded by garbage, the smell was terrible and dark-colored water would flow everywhere after the rain,” Dinh recalled. But the demanding environment was not her only difficulty as Dinh soon found out that being bilingual (双语的) wasn’t enough for her to be a qualified translator. She had to be an expert in the field of garbage disposal (垃圾处理) too.
“The biggest challenge I faced was the translation of technical terms, many of which I couldn’t understand at the time,” Dinh said. “Whenever I ran into words or expressions that I wasn’t familiar with and couldn’t look up myself, I would ask my Chinese colleagues to explain them to me. They were always eager and happy to help.” In the company’s Vietnam branch, the number of Chinese staff slightly goes beyond that of Vietnamese, but Dinh said she never felt any cultural differences. “We’re not divided by our nationalities, and we’re members of the same family — China First Metallurgical Group.”
Dinh now works as a junior manager, and her job description includes translation, foreign affairs contactor, and marketing. As a local resident of Hanoi, Dinh is very proud to have contributed to this project. “I hope to improve my information research and negotiation skills in the future and to further explore and develop the Vietnamese market with my colleagues.”
5. What can be learned about Dinh from the first paragraph
A. She enjoys writing dramas.
B. She has a talent for language.
C. She is fond of Chinese culture.
D. She looks forward to working in China.
6. What does the underlined word “harsh” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Harmonious. B. Attractive. C. Frightening. D. Tough.
7 What did Dinh find most difficult in her job
A. Dealing with garbage.
B. Translating technical terms.
C. Understanding cultural differences.
D. Adapting to the demanding environment.
8. Which of the following can best describe Dinh’s experience
A. Skill is no burden. B. Still waters run deep.
C. Well begun is half done. D. Rome was not built in a day.
C
In September, when UNESCO Director-General Audrey Azoulay visited Zhoukoudian in suburban Beijing, which is famous for the discovery of Peking Man living between 700,000 to 200,000 years ago, she was full of praise for the structure that successfully protected Yuanrendong Cave from an unusual rainstorm in July.
The cave in the central area of the site has so far revealed the remains of 40 individuals. The structure protects the site from the weather, including heavy wind, snow and hail, and its design fits in with the surrounding environment, Qin Changwei, secretary-general of the Chinese National Commission for UNESCO, said at the 2nd World Cultural and Natural Heritage Forum in Beijing on Nov. 17 and 18. “It provides a reference for the protection of precious cultural relics, and suggests measures for helping heritage sites respond to the influence of climate change.”
Organized by the World Heritage Institute of Training and Research for the Asia and the Pacific Region under the Auspices of UNESCO(Beijing), and the China Foundation for Cultural Heritage Conservation among others, the forum brought together some 50 professionals to discuss the protection and sustainable (可持续发展的) development of heritage sites. Scholars stressed the influence of climate change on heritage sites, and offered suggestions for how to solve the problem.
“Entering the 21st century, climate change has been the subject of in-depth discussion by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee. Questions like how to balance between humans and nature, how to respond to natural disasters caused by climate change, and what new challenges this brings to World Heritage Sites, are worth consideration,” says Qin. “Solving the problem requires us to unify, making full use of advanced technology, such as space and digital technologies, and jointly developing risk prevention and response plans,” he adds.
9. Why was China praised for the structure in Zhoukoudian
A. It attracts an increasing number of visitors.
B. It matches the surrounding buildings in design.
C. It is well preserved from destructive human activities.
D. It sets a good example to cultural heritage protection.
10. What topic is covered in the Beijing forum
A. The effects of climate change on heritage sites. B. The preservation of the original structure.
C. The unsuitable response to disasters. D. The unacceptable human behaviours.
11. According to Qin, what can be done to deal with the problem
A. Strengthening international cooperation. B. Hosting more in-depth discussion forums.
C. Making plans for risk prevention individually. D. Turning attention to developing space technology.
12. What is the main concern of the author
A. The loss of balance between humans and nature.
B. The lack of measures taken to preserve heritage.
C. The growing weather threat that Heritage sites face.
D. The worsening relation between climate change and humans.
D
If exercise seems like a great idea but you can never keep up a routine, it’s worth thinking about your exercise “mindset” — defined by psychologists as attitudes that shape our behaviour and reality. Research evidence is mounting that identifying some of our most habitual beliefs and replacing them with more adaptive ones can revive our ability to keep ourselves healthy.
“Whether they’re true or not, mindsets have an effect,” says Dr. Alia Crum. “They change what we pay attention to, what we’re motivated to do, how we feel emotionally about what we’re doing and what we decide to prioritize (优先处理).” For instance, maybe you’ve tried to shame or scare yourself into going to the gym by reconsidering the health risks of not moving. Or perhaps you’ve aimed to get active by thinking of the long-term positive aspects of exercise: exercising regularly is 1.5 times more effective than taking medicine in easing depression, stress and anxiety.
In contrast, thinking about exercise in all-or-nothing terms — “I need at least 30 minutes or there’s no point” — is the enemy of consistency. You want to use the mindset that “any and all movement is worth it, and everything counts,” says Dr. Michelle Segar, a researcher at the University of Michigan. Even a quick walk in the middle of a busy day is good for your well-being. If that doesn’t agree with your perfectionist tendencies (倾向), consider whether those tendencies have worked for you. Though strict standards may help some people, for many others they backfire, creating a cycle of failure.
Besides bringing flexibility (灵活性) to how you view your movement, changing your “why” for getting active can also help keep up motivation. Rather than seeing workouts as a way to lose weight, it can help to focus on more immediately pleasant reasons to do it, like clearing your mind or feeling less stressed.
Regarding the process of exercise as something that’s attractive makes a difference. The key is to focus on the pleasure that exercise can bring, and then pick an activity that is actually rewarding.
13. What’s the writing purpose of paragraph 1
A. To give a general description of mindset.
B. To explain people’s confusion over mindset.
C. To investigate the reasons for habitual behaviors.
D. To stress the importance of adapting exercise mindset.
14. What can be learned about Alia Crum’s point of view
A. Everything matters in promoting one’s health.
B. Mindsets affect one’s motivation and decision to act.
C. It’s a good idea to make an exercise plan more flexible.
D. It’s necessary to take some enjoyable and valuable exercise.
15. What does the author mean by the underlined sentence in paragraph 3
A. Strict standards require people to work out every day.
B Strict standards aren’t suitable for those perfectionists.
C. Strict standards may lead to the opposite result for others.
D. Strict standards stop people revising their plans regularly.
16. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. A New Study of Exercise Routine B. Focus on the Pleasure of Exercise
C. The Power of Your Exercise Mindset D. Exercise Mindset and Failures Connected
浙江省台州市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题（含解析）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
Travel with us to the heart of Fiordland National Park and take in the beauty and vastness of remote Doubtful Sound on our Wilderness Cruise (乘船游览). It will take your breath away as you experience its deep wilderness.
There’s no direct road access, so you’ll start with a boat ride across the picturesque Lake Manapouri , followed by a coach (大巴) trip over the epic Wilmot Pass through Fiordland’s rain forest and into the Sound. Along the way, you’ll pause to experience the dense Fiordland rainforest and view Doubtful Sound glistening below. The isolation makes this field a very special place. Only those in the know get to see it. In Doubtful Sound, you’ll board our spacious, purpose-built ship Patea Explorer for a 3-hour cruise.
Things you should know
●Check in 30 minutes prior to your Coach Transfer from Queenstown to Manapouri
●A highlight is the coach trip through Fiordland’s rainforest and over Wilmot Pass.
●During the cruise, our knowledgeable and friendly nature guides will point out landmarks and provide all the information about the native wildlife you come face to face with, including dolphins, fur seals, and occasionally penguins.
●The trip duration:8 hours.
Extra information
●Picnic lunches available for pre-purchase (预购) up to 7 pm the day before your cruise.
●Snacks and drinks available for purchase on board(cash only).
●Licensed bar on board(cash only).
What to bring
Non-slip shoes/boots, waterproof jackets, warm sweaters, sunscreen, sunglasses, insect repellent and cameras.
21. What can tourists do during the cruise on Patea Explorer
A. Pick personal guides. B. View local wildlife.
C. Admire Lake Manapouri. D. Enjoy free drinks and lunches.
22. How long does the whole trip last
A. 30 minutes. B. 3 hours. C. 7 hours. D. 8 hours.
23. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A park guidebook. B. A cruise journal. C. A boarding notice. D. A travel brochure.
B
At six o’clock sharp the curtain rises at Southside Cultural Center, in Reno. Two hundred audience members, including the mayor of Reno, look to the stage. Dozens of actors break out into the first number of The Lion King.
But this is not your typical production. The gifted cast is made up of homeless children living at the Volunteers of America family shelter in Reno. The children have been given a chance to live their dreams onstage, thanks to volunteer acting coach Nasya Mancini. “I see so much of myself in these kids,” says Nasya. “I tell them their current circumstance doesn’t have to be their destiny (命运) . If they are determined, they can do anything they want.”
Determination is something Nasya knows all about. She was born prematurely and was given little chance of survival. But Nasya kept fighting. Her very name means “miracle” in Hebrew. Nasya was small, but quickly proved that her talents were as big as her will to survive. She started dancing at two. By six she’d been spotted by an acting coach, who encouraged her parents to enroll her in drama classes. “There was something about being onstage,” Nasya says. “It made my spirit come alive.” She decided that she was going to be an actor.
However, her enthusiasm didn’t sit well with some of her schoolmates. They teased (嘲) her, “You’re a shrimp. You’re not even pretty.” Nasya came home in tears. Her mother hugged her and told her to ignore it. By high school, Nasya was winning awards in theater competitions. She also provided community service by teaching drama to the children at the shelter. Nasya wanted the kids at the shelter to discover the confidence that acting could give. The best way to do that, she decided, was to put on a big play.
The production was a hit. The kids took several curtain calls. Donations to the shelter rolled in. Nasya reminds the kids of something she knows with every part of her spirit to be true: “Believe in yourself. The world is your stage.”
24. What was special about the play The Lion King
A. It was staged at the local shelter. B. It was starred by Nasya Mancini.
C. It was performed by homeless kids. D. It was funded by the mayor of Reno.
25. Which of the following best describes Nasya
A. Creative and modest. B. Talented and caring.
C. Determined and humorous. D. Confident and demanding.
26. Why did Nasya decide to put on the play
A. To collect public donations. B. To build the kids’ confidence.
C. To win a local theater competition. D. To complete her community service.
27. What is the best title for the text
A. Volunteers Make a Difference. B. Rising from Shelter to Stage.
C. The Lion King Is Roaring Back. D. Sharing Her Dream with Homeless Teens.
C
Everywhere I look, there are new buildings under construction. The neighborhoods that I knew as a boy, filled with beautiful old buildings, have mostly disappeared, and in their place, modern, high-rise buildings have appeared. There is good reason for this. Residents want all the conveniences of modern living. However, how can our children understand and maintain their cultural identity if we erase so much of the physical evidence of it
The arguments for preserving historic buildings are not simply about an emotional attachment to the past. There are also good economic arguments in favour of preservation. The renovation (修缮) and preservation of historic districts can become an economic engine, drawing tourists and small businesses to the area. For example, in Dubai, the historic Al Bastikiya district draws thousands of tourists every year from all over the world. It also attracts local residents, eager to learn about their city's past.
Some have argued that historic preservation is too expensive, but many recent projects have demonstrated that this is not necessarily the case. In fact, renovation of an existing structure for adaptive reuse can cost about 40 per square metre less than even the most basic new construction, while preserving the beauty of the original building. And, although it is often claimed that old buildings have a more significant environmental footprint than new construction because they aren’t very energy efficient, architects and environmental experts maintain that the greenest building is the one that is already built. New construction almost always has a more serious environmental impact (影响) because it requires the use of all-new materials that must be transported, often over long distances, instead of recycled materials that are already on site. We recycle so many other things. We can and should recycle buildings, too.
Historic preservation is an option that opens many possibilities; demolition (拆毁), in contrast, is irreversible. Once these treasures are lost, they are lost forever, an important link in our heritage that can never be recovered.
28. What drives people to replace old buildings with new ones
A. Their dislike of old buildings. B. Their pride in cultural identity.
C Their concern about young generations. D. Their desire for modern comforts.
29. What does the example of Al Bastikiya show
A. Historic renovation costs much money.
B. Local governments support small businesses.
C. Historic preservation brings economic benefits.
D. International tourism promises economic recovery.
30. What can be inferred about renovating old buildings from paragraph 3
A. It uses green materials. B. It damages architectural beauty.
C. It reduces enviromental impact. D. It worries environmental experts.
31. What is the author’s attitude towards historic preservation
A. Positive. B. Doubtful. C. Disapproving. D. Objective.
D
A wildlife photographer was waiting, hoping to get a shot of a relatively rare bird, a particular kind of heron(鹭). He’d waited several frustrating hours in the woods, but with no luck at all. Suddenly, to the photographer’s delight, a heron settled on a branch right in front of him. The photographer raised his camera and took the shot. Feeling particularly pleased, the photographer looked at the image. To his astonishment, he saw that behind the heron, his photograph had also captured a very, very rare woodpecker flying past. He hadn’t seen it, but without even trying, he’d photographed an even rarer bird than the one he was aiming for. This is an example of serendipity.
Cases of serendipity can be found in numerous fields, such as science. Back in the 1800s, a man called Wellswas at a demonstration (演示) of laughing gas. After being given the gas, the patient started laughing, as expected. But then he suddenly fell over and cut his le g rather badly. To everyone’s surprise, the man reported that he couldn’t feel any pain. Wells hadn’t been looking for it, but he’d made a medical discovery — certain gases reduce and can even almost eradicate pain. Had Wells not been there that night, anesthesia (麻醉) might have taken longer to be discovered.
Most of us can probably think of at least one example of serendipity in our own lives. Jane, a friend of mine,was trying to come up with an idea for an article but got completely stuck. Frustrated, she decided to go out to a local café. As she was sipping her coffee, she heard two people talking behind her. A man was telling a story that sounded so unbelievable that she knew it had to be true. She asked the people if she could interview them for the article. They agreed and her article turned out to be one of the top trending articles of the week.
32. The word “serendipity” in paragraph 1 means the fact of __________.
A. observing rare birds in person B. achieving important aims in time
C. finding valuable things by chance D. taking interesting photos by mistake
33. What surprised Wells at the demonstration
A. The gas’s hidden damage. B. The gas’s pain-killing effect.
C. The patient’s scientific discovery. D. The patient’s balance-losing moment.
34. Why did Jane go to the café
A. To take a break. B. To meet a friend.
C. To write an article. D. To do an interview.
35. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A. To explain a concept. B. To promote a culture.
C To introduce a person. D. To recommend a method.
浙江省温州市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末教学质量统一检测英语试卷B卷（含解析）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
Undergraduate Study — Computer Science
Cambridge was a pioneer of computer science and continues to lead its development. Our course covers all aspects of modern computer science along with practical skills.
●Subject requirements
A Level Mathematics.
No former knowledge of programming is required.
Further guidance: A Level Further Mathematics is strongly encouraged. If unavailable (不可获得的) , we’d advise you to do as much additional pure maths and decision maths as possible. Good performance in maths competitions can be an advantage of an application.
Please note, all applicants are required to take the Test of Mathematics for University Admission (TMUA) , for which you must be registered in advance.
●Course costs
Tuition fees
Home students: 9, 250/year
International students: 39, 162/year
Additional course costs
Each year of study: Payment at the beginning of each year is required.
Year Copies of textbooks Cost
1 Part IA courses 150
2 Part IB courses 150- 250
3 Part II courses 150- 250
4 Part III courses 150- 250
For further Computer Science undergraduate admissions information, please click here: www.cl.cam.ac.uk/admissions/undergraduate.
21. What is a must for applicants for Computer Science
A. Knowledge of programming. B. A Level Further Mathematics.
C. Top prizes in maths competitions. D. Registration for TMUA in advance.
22. How much should a freshman from China pay
A. 9,250. B. 9,400. C. 39,162. D. 39,312.
23. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A website. B. A magazine. C. A textbook. D. A newspaper.
B
In the ever-changing world of women’s artistic gymnastics, there has been a gymnast for more than three decades: Oksana Chusovitina.
The 48-year-old had said with certainty that her final competition would be the Tokyo 2020 Games. With no fans in the stands to honor her legendary career (职业生涯) , judges, coaches and other athletes did their best to give her a party worthy of all she’d given the sport. After she thanked them through tears in her eyes, she told media that was her swansong.
However, just a few months after the Tokyo Olympics, Chusovitina said that she would return to training, dreaming of one final medal at a major competition —the Asian Games—for Uzbekistan. “I just can’t finish my career without a medal for my motherland,” she said on her Instagram story.
Chusovitina first competed in the 1992 Olympics as part of the Unified Team and won a team gold medal there. Though she represented (代表) Uzbekistan in the 1996 2000 and 2004 Olympics, her second Olympic medal came some 16 years later in the 2008 Olympics. Chusovitina, then representing her third nation, Germany, where better medical treatment was provided for her sick son, got the silver medal.
And now, her story continues. The historic eight-time Olympian has started her ninth trip to the 2024 Paris Olympics. At the first two World Cup stops of the season she won bronze medals. “Thank you all so much for the support,” she wrote on Instagram. “First start, first medal.”
“More to come,” added the gymnast, whose motto is “I’d rather try today than regret tomorrow”.
24. What does the underlined word “swansong” mean in paragraph 2
A. A popular song. B. A great honor.
C. The last performance. D. The wonderful career.
25. What made Chusovitina return to training after the Tokyo Olympics
A. Personal glory. B. National pride.
C. Economic situation. D. International pressure.
26. Why did Chusovitina represent Germany in the 2008 Olympics
A. To win more medals. B. To receive better education.
C. To get medical treatment for her son. D. To learn skills from the national team.
27. Which word best describes Chusovitina
A. Determined. B. Generous. C. Creative. D. Curious.
C
San Francisco’s waterfront (海滨) is on the National Register of Historic Places for good reason.
Its beautiful old landmarks, like the Ferry Building and the Bay Bridge, have been seen in many books, TV shows and movies—from the stories and novels of Jack London to the 1970s TV series The Streets of San Francisco. The future of San Francisco’s waterfront, however, isn’t safe.
In 2016, the National Trust for Historic Preservation put part of the city’s shoreline on its list of the U. S.’s most endangered historic places, in part because of the threat of sea level rise. The waterfront landmarks of many cities are under increasing threat from floods and rising sea levels brought on by human-driven climate change. St. Mark’s Basilica in Venice, Italy and the Venice Beach boardwalk in Los Angeles face similar challenges to San Francisco.
“The whole issue of climate change and historic preservation intersects (交织) right at the waterfront,” said Elaine Forbes, director of the Port of San Francisco. As she watched the boats come and go on a sunny afternoon, Forbes said, “Sea level rise hasn’t historically been as much of a threat to San Francisco as major earthquakes.” However, that’s changed. Parts of the main road that runs along the waterfront have flooded from heavy rains in recent years. The state estimates (预估) the water could rise up to about two and a half feet above its present level by 2060, and possibly up to seven feet by the turn of the century.
Now, San Francisco is considering measures to save its historic shoreline. But the growing magnitude and frequency of the climate-related threats, the high costs and effort needed in saving heritage sites, and competing ideas about what’s worth saving and what isn’t, can make it hard for cities to know what to do first.
28. What is San Francisco’s waterfront famous for
A. Old landmarks. B. Famous beaches.
C. Beautiful bridges. D. Comfortable climate.
29. What challenge is the waterfront facing
A. The loss of public support. B. The threat from rising sea levels.
C. The influence of tourist activities. D. The competition from other cities.
30. Why is the earthquake mentioned in paragraph 4
A. To give an example of existing threats. B. To stress the seriousness of sea level rise.
C. To compare different types of natural disasters. D. To show the difficulty in the waterfront protection.
31. What can be learned from the text
A. Heritage sites are in ruins. B. Threats have been removed.
C. The shoreline has been flooded. D. Solutions are under consideration.
D
Sleep is so important that it has long interested scientists. Scientists have studied everything from mice to fruit flies in the lab to get a better understanding of what happens when animals sleep and why they do it. However, gathering data (数据) on how animals sleep in their natural habitat has always been hard to do.
But scientists did just that with wild chinstrap penguins in Antarctica. In doing so, researchers found the birds took over ten thousand microsleeps throughout the day — adding up to a 11-hour-long sleep.
To study the penguins, scientists put devices (设备) into a small group of penguins’ brain and neck muscles, which provided the brain wave and location data. The devices had never been used before, so this data collection was only supposed to be a test. However, the process went so well and the data was published in this study.
Researchers found that the microsleeps last only seconds. Researchers think that being able to sleep for such a short time might help the animals avoid predators (捕食者) that might more likely attack if the penguins were asleep for longer — especially when one parent goes out feeding in the ocean for days, leaving the other parent to protect the eggs from predatory birds.
The study is an early insight into a relatively large missing scientific knowledge about sleep.
“Almost every study on sleeping birds discovers something new, something we didn’t know about before,” says study co-author Paul-Antoine Libourel.
Vladyslav Vyazovskiy, a sleep neuroscientist at the University of Oxford who didn’t join in the study, is excited about this new data because “most of what we know about the animal sleep was gained in laboratory conditions, which are totally different from conditions where sleep developed”.
32. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. The study method. B. The device introduction.
C. The research purpose. D. The background information.
33. What is a possible reason for penguins’ microsleeps
A. Feeding baby birds. B. Getting longer sleep.
C. Avoiding being hunted. D. Attacking other birds.
34. What’s Vyazovskiy’s attitude towards the study
A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Confused. D. Objective.
35 What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Animal Sleep Is Researched in the Lab
B. Penguins Gain a Different Way of Sleep
C. Sleep Is of Great Importance to Penguins
D. Penguins Take Thousands of Microsleeps a Day
参考答案
浙江省嘉兴市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题（含解析）
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了395公路上的美丽景点以及在这条公路上驾驶需要注意的事情。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“As far as fantastic drives go, few can compete with Highway 395. Here’s what you need to know before starting a road trip along it.(就梦幻般的驾驶而言，很少能与395高速公路相媲美。这是你在开始公路旅行之前需要知道的事情)”以及全文可知，文章介绍了395公路上的美丽景点以及在这条公路上驾驶需要注意的事情。由此推知，这篇文章有可能出自“旅游网站”。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据CONVICT LAKE标题下的“Convict Lake, one of California’s clearest bodies of water, is a beloved destination for photographers. (Convict Lake是加利福尼亚州最清澈的水体之一，是摄影师们喜爱的目的地)”，MAMMOTH MOUNTAINM标题下的“Just around the corner, you’ll find Mammoth Mountain, one of America’s best ski destinations.(就在拐角处，你会发现猛犸山，美国最好的滑雪胜地之一)”以及YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK标题下的“Here, you can watch climbers make their way up Half Dome, feel the power of Yosemite Falls, and enjoy the beauty of Tuolumne Meadows.(在这里，你可以看到登山者登上半圆顶，感受约塞米蒂瀑布的力量，欣赏Tuolumme草地的美丽)”可知，这三个地方的共同特点就是它们为人们提供了亲近自然的机会。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Because many attractive places along Highway 395 are all-season destinations, there’s really no wrong time to depart on this road trip.(因为395高速公路沿线的许多景点都是四季旅游目的地，所以这条公路旅行的出发时间真的没有错)”可知，一年四季什么时候开始395公路的旅行都不会错。故选B。
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了13岁的乔纳森为寄养中心的孩子们买礼物过圣诞节的善举。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“However, Troop 506 not only provides Lego sets but also contributes a percentage of their sales in the form of gift cards for Scouting-related activities. Encouraged, Jonathan spent the next few years developing a surprising sale skill.(然而，Troop 506 不仅提供乐高套装，而且还以礼品卡的形式为与童子军相关的活动贡献一定比例的销售额。受到鼓舞，乔纳森在接下来的几年里发展了一种令人惊讶的销售技巧。)”可知，可以用来购买礼品卡鼓励乔纳森提高他的销售技巧。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The year 2021 saw him achieve impressive sales of $46,193.75, making him a top seller in the nation and bringing him $5,000 worth in Amazon cards, He might have spent it on himself, but he had other ideas. Popcorn season closes in late November, and the holidays were on his mind—particularly the stories his father had told him about his own days in foster care.(2021年，他取得了46193.75美元的惊人销售额，使他成为全国最畅销的卖家，并为他带来了价值5000美元的亚马逊卡。他可以把这些钱花在自己身上，但他有其他的想法。爆米花的季节在11月下旬结束，假期一直萦绕在他的脑海里，尤其是他父亲告诉他的关于他自己在寄养中心的故事)”可推知，第4段提到了乔纳森的父亲是为了解释为什么乔纳森有其他想法。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段““They don’t really have Christmas,” Jonathan said. With $5,000, he could bring Christmas to a lot of kids.(“他们没有真正的圣诞节，”乔纳森说。用5000美元，他可以给很多孩子带来圣诞节)”以及倒数第二段“He requested information about each kid, including age, gender and interests. He changed from a big seller to a big spender, personally choosing gifts for dozens of kids, like a Santa.(他询问了每个孩子的信息，包括年龄、性别和兴趣。他从一个大卖家变成了一个大消费者，像圣诞老人一样亲自为几十个孩子挑选礼物)”可知，乔纳森用自己的钱给寄养中心的孩子买礼物，还询问了他们的信息，说明了他体贴且有爱心。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“The 13-year-old Life Scout named Jonathan in Troop 506 is pioneering new ways to perform acts of kindness.(13岁的乔纳森是506部队的童子军，他开创了做好事的新方式)”结合文章主要讲述了13岁的乔纳森将自己的销售额用来给寄养中心的孩子们买礼物过圣诞节的故事。可推断，D选项“童子军为寄养儿童扮演圣诞老人”最符合文章主旨。故选D。
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了虚假在线评论产生的原因、途径、影响、如何应对等。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“Choosing a hotel, restaurant or new product can be a difficult task. There’s so much on offer, and making a mistake can be expensive. This is why many people turn to online reviews—opinions and information written by people who have used a service or bought a product. But can we trust them (选择酒店、餐厅或新产品可能是一项艰巨的任务。有这么多的机会，犯一个错误可能会付出昂贵的代价。这就是为什么很多人求助于在线评论——那些使用过某项服务或购买过某件产品的人所写的意见和信息。但我们能相信他们吗？)”可知，作者通过描述一个常见的情况在第一段介绍了文章的主题。故选B。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。由文章第二段中“Apparently, companies are so desperate for good reviews that they’ve started to “play” the system. (显然，公司非常渴望得到好评，以至于他们开始“玩弄”这个系统。)”可知，很多在线评论是假的，所以划线词的意思是“假的”。A. False错误的，不真实的；B. Fair公平的；C. Honest诚实的；D. Disappointing令人失望的。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第四段“Another trick is to “buy” good reviews. Last year, the Cove Hotel in Cornwall was caught giving guests discounts if they wrote “honest but positive” reviews on TripAdvisor. The trick worked—one guest called The Cove “a dream comes true”. Some people are even making a living by writing favourable reviews. In 2010, American Todd Rutherford started . For $99, Todd would write a positive review of your book on Amazon.com; and for $999, he’d write 50 reviews. (另一个技巧是“购买”好的评论。去年，康沃尔郡的海湾酒店(Cove Hotel)被发现，如果客人在TripAdvisor上写下“诚实但积极”的评论，就会给客人折扣。这招奏效了——一位客人称“小海湾”是“梦想成真”。有些人甚至靠写好评来谋生。2010年，美国人Todd Rutherford创办了。只要花99美元，托德就会在亚马逊网站上给你的书写一篇积极的评论；只要999美元，他就能写50篇评论。)”可知，公司利用评论系统为自己谋取利益。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章最后一段“So, how can you tell a fake review First, if the reviewer uses lots of highly positive language, it’s probably fake, Secondly, if the review reads like an advertisement, it probably is an ad. And finally, if the review is negative but also speaks highly of a competitor, it might have been written by that competitor. (那么，如何分辨虚假评论呢？首先，如果评论者使用了很多非常积极的语言，那么它可能是假的，其次，如果评论读起来像广告，那么它可能就是广告。最后，如果评论是负面的，但也高度评价了竞争对手，那么它可能是由竞争对手写的。)”可知，最后一段给出了如何判断在线评论的建议。故选C。
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了最近的研究表明公鸡具有在镜子里认出自己的能力。文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及研究的结果。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“With their beautiful feathers, roosters (公鸡) might be forgiven for secretly taking quick looks in the mirror—especially as research now suggests the birds may be able to recognise themselves.(公鸡有着美丽的羽毛，它们偷偷地对着镜子快速地看了一眼，这也许是可以原谅的——尤其是现在的研究表明，这些鸟可能能够认出自己)”以及第二段“Sonja Hillemacher, one of the authors of the study at the University of Bonn, said animals that can recognise themselves in a mirror often seemed to have more advanced cognitive abilities, and that there was a link to social and emotional wisdom, as well as self-awareness.(波恩大学这项研究的作者之一Sonjn Hillemacher说，能够在镜子中认出自己的动物似乎通常具有更高级的认知能力，这与社交和情感智慧以及自我意识有关)”可知，Sonjn Hillemacher领导的这项新研究表明公鸡可能有在镜子里认出自己的能力。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Writing in the journal Plos One, Hillemacher and her colleagues note that roosters tend to call out to their fellow chickens if they see a threat. If a rooster is alone, however, it does not usually raise the alarm as it could draw the enemy’s attention.(希勒马赫和她的同事们在《公共科学图书馆·综合》杂志上撰文指出，公鸡在看到威胁时往往会向同伴大喊大叫。然而，如果一只公鸡独，它通常不会发出警报，因为它可能会引起敌人的注意)”可推知，第3段的目的是为研究提供科学依据。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“In the experiment, the team placed a rooster in an indoor space and then placed a mirror, or another rooster, or nothing. The team then showed the image of a flying hawk (鹰) onto the ceiling in the space. (在实验中，研究小组把一只公鸡放在室内，然后放一面镜子，或者另一只公鸡，或者什么都不放。然后，研究小组在空间的天花板上展示了一只飞鹰的图像)”可知，实验设置了不同的条件来测试公鸡。故选C。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The results from 58 roosters found that the birds made far more alarm calls when they could see another rooster nearby, with 1.33 alarm calls per bird on average over three tests, than when alone (0.29 calls on average) or faced with the mirror (0.43 calls on average). In the follow-up experiment, the team found a similar reduction in calls when they placed a second rooster out of sight behind the mirror. (对58只公鸡的研究结果发现，当它们看到附近有另一只公鸡时，它们发出的警报声要多得多，在三次测试中，比起独自（平均0.29声）或面对镜子时（平均0.43声），每只公鸡平均发出1.33声警报声。在后续实验中，研究小组发现，当他们把第二只公鸡放在镜子后面看不见的地方时，叫声也减少了)”可知，在实验中当另一只公鸡藏在附近时，受测试的攻击发出的警报声也减少了。故选D。
浙江省宁波市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试卷（含解析）
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了投稿的相关事宜。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段“Please note that all article submissions will be reviewed by the editor. The editor has the right to refuse submissions.(请注意，所有提交的文章将由编辑审阅。编辑有权拒绝投稿。)”可知，决定你的文章是否被接受的是编辑。故选D项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Articles are between 1,000 and 1,200 words(except personal heirloom submissions, which are 100-200 words). If imagery is available, it must be high resolution(300 dpi).(文章字数在1000 - 1200字之间(家风投稿除外，字数在100-200字之间)。如果图像可用，它必须是高分辨率(300 dpi)。)”可知，C选项“一个大约1100字的祖先故事”这样的投稿可能被接受。故选C项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Do you have a story to share (你有什么故事要分享吗 )”和文章最后一段“Send your submissions to eden.cox@.au.(将您的作品发送到eden.cox@.au。)”可知，这篇文章可能来自一个广告。故选C项。
【答案】24. B 25. D 26. A 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。作者很爱自己的宠物，然而作者最近发现与动物一起生活却存在意想不到的风险。文章主要讲述了作者的宠物猫打翻了一个烟灰缸，导致作者受伤，在医院住了几个星期，但是作者并没有怪罪猫。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“I have, though, discovered recently, after all these years of never being without a pet, there are unexpected risks of living with animals.(不过，我最近发现，这么多年我一直没有养宠物，与动物一起生活却存在意想不到的风险。)”可知，作者最近发现，宠物可能会给主人带来危险。故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“This year, I’ve spent four weeks in hospital, thanks to the cat. (今年，由于那只猫，我在医院住了四个星期。)”可知，事故的结果是作者在医院住了几个星期。故选D。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“I carried on like that for a couple of weeks until a visit from my son, who thought the lump had grown and could be infected, so demanded I take a trip to the hospital.(我就这样坚持了几个星期，直到我儿子来看我，他认为肿块已经变大并且可能被感染，所以要求我去医院。)”可知，作者发生事故后，儿子更认真地对待作者的伤口。故选A。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“As for forgiveness, there’s nothing to forgive. It’s my fault the ashtray was too close to the edge. There’ll still be treats and toys prepared for my pets under the Christmas tree.(至于原谅，没有什么可以原谅的。烟灰缸太靠近边缘是我的错。圣诞树下仍然会为我的宠物准备零食和玩具。)”可知，作者认为这次事故不是宠物猫导致的，是作者自己的错误，这说明作者并没有怪罪自己的猫，由此可推知，作者很爱自己的宠物，故选A。
【答案】28. B 29. A 30. A 31. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章号召人们去加拿大挑战十个最令人兴奋的冬季挑战项目。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Of all the ways to define (定义) a challenge, the simplest works best: a call for special effort.”（在所有定义挑战的方法中，最简单的方法效果最好：号召特别的努力。它适用于每个人。）可知，作者认为定义挑战的最佳方式是需要特别的努力。故选B项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“This season, we sourced 10 of the most exciting winter challenges around Canada. Sure, there are some that even the writer has no intention of trying, but they all excite the imagination. They’re all about inspiring outdoor experiences at ExploreTM. We encourage adaptation as well as adoption.”（这一季，我们在加拿大挑选了10个最令人兴奋的冬季挑战项目。当然，有一些甚至连作者都不想尝试，但它们都能激发想象力。它们都是关于在ExploreTM激发灵感的户外体验。我们鼓励适应和采用。）可知，作者认为加拿大冬季的十大挑战值得一试。故选A项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“When you read the feature (专栏) on page 28, you may give up the 6633 Arctic Ultra as well as the Ice Mile—but the Wapta Traverse, the famous Rocky Mountain ski tour, or the Pentathlon des Neiges, in Quebec City, may fit the bill nicely.”（当你阅读第28页的专题时，你可能会放弃6633北极极限和冰英里，但著名的落基山滑雪之旅瓦普塔特拉弗斯，或者魁北克市的内吉斯五项全能，可能很符合你的要求。）可知，作者会避免推荐的是the Ice Mile。故选A项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“We wrote this article because we want you to see the possibility of winter: to look beyond a simple, though satisfying, day on the ski hill or skate on a nearby lake; to see winter as every bit as colorful as summer.”（我们写这篇文章是因为我们想让你看到冬天的可能性：不仅仅是在滑雪山上或附近的湖上度过一个简单但令人满意的一天；把冬天看得和夏天一样多姿多彩。）可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励探索冬季挑战。故选D项。
【答案】32. B 33. B 34. C 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了《体育画报》利用人工智能撰写文章从而使自己的声誉受损的事情。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Sports Illustrated is the latest media company to see its good name damaged—if not totally dishonest—about who or what is writing its stories at the beginning of the artificial intelligence （AI）age.”（《体育画报》是最新一家因在人工智能时代之初，谁或什么在撰写其报道而名声受损（如果不是完全不诚实的话）的媒体公司。）可知，《体育画报》的人工智能可能会损坏它的好名声。故选B项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“This week, the Futurism website reported that Sports Illustrated used stories written by writers it c