鄠邑区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试
英语
考生注意：
1．本试卷共150分。考试时间120分钟。
2．请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A． 19.15. B． 9.18. C． 9.15.
答案是 C。
1．What did the woman almost forget this morning
A．Her wallet. B．Her keys. C．Her notebook.
2．Where did Mike grow up
A．In Canada. B．In England. C．In Germany.
3．When will the man arrive
A．About 4: 10 pm. B．About 4: 20 pm. C．About 4: 30 pm.
4．Who is talking to the girl
A．A dentist. B．A policeman. C．A salesman.
5．What will the weather be like tomorrow
A．Rainy. B．Cloudy. C．Sunny.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Where does the conversation take place
A．On a plane. B．In a classroom. C．In a cinema.
7．What is the man’s problem
A．His seat is uncomfortable.
B．He disagrees with the passengers.
C．He sits too far away from the TV screen.
听第7 段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．How long have the speakers been in the store
A．For thirty minutes. B．For twenty minutes. C．For thirteen minutes.
9．What does the man suggest the woman do
A．Join a tennis club. B．Buy good running shoes. C．Turn to the assistants for advice.
听第8段材料，回答第10至 12题。
10．What happened to Nina’s family
A．Her father hurt his leg. B．Her mother quit her job. C．Her sister was badly ill.
11．What is Nina
A．An office clerk. B．A high school student. C．A college teacher.
12．Where will Nina go next
A．To the coffee house. B．To Jackson’s home. C．To the library.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Where did the man get the cat
A．From a pet store. B．From his neighbor. C．On the street.
14．How old was the man when the cat saved his life
A．35. B．36. C．40.
15．What was the man doing when he had the heart attack
A．Taking a shower. B．Sleeping. C．Watching TV.
16．What does the man mean in the end
A．It costs a lot to raise Tommy.
B．It’s important to keep a pet at home.
C．Kindness will be rewarded in some way.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What is the purpose of the museum
A．To help school children. B．To show computers. C．To develop the industry.
18．Who are the listeners
A．Students. B．Teachers. C．Managers.
19．Why does the company invite the listeners
A．To get some advice.
B．To sell them computers.
C．To introduce the history of the company.
20．When will the speaker come back
A．In half an hour. B．In an hour. C．In one and a half hours.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Successful wildlife conservation goes hand in hand with community education and engagement. Volunteers work with community leaders and schools to share their passion for conservation and the environment.
Rhino Conservation in Zimbabwe
The project is home to an internationally renowned Black Rhino Breeding and Release Programme which has supported Zimbabwe’s rhino population since the mid 1980s. To date, 20 rhinos have been born at the conservancy, with 12 rhinos successfully released back into the wild. Volunteers play a role in securing the future of this once-again endangered animal, working alongside anti-poaching rangers (反偷猎护林员), working on rhino research projects and getting involved in the daily care of both black and white rhino.
Our Rhino Conservation Programme is a unique hands-on opportunity to get behind the scenes and experience day-to-day life on a private conservancy, and be involved with the protection and conservation of Zimbabwe’s endangered black rhino.
The aim of the programme is to assist the reserve’s established Black Rhino Breeding and Release Programme, collect meaningful data and information relating to rhino and wildlife conservation and animal behaviour, and engage with the local community about wildlife conservation.
Cheetah (猎豹) Conservation
In 2021, two captive-born male cheetah were introduced to the conservancy as part of an international rewilding programme. The cheetah are now free-wandering in the reserve, and volunteers play an important role in monitoring and observing their behaviour, tracking their movements and recording their hunting rate.
Volunteer Work
Volunteers contribute to a long-term conservation project and get involved with a variety of conservation activities:
·Work alongside rhinos, cheetah and elephants
·Conservancy management
·Wildlife monitoring
·Anti-poaching patrols and snare sweeps
·Educate school-children about conservation, wildlife and the environment
·Learn about what is involved in running a conservancy
1. What can we say about Black Rhino Breeding and Release Programme
A. Its work pays off. B. It is limited to Zimbabwe.
C. It is home to two cheetah. D. It has a history of 50 years.
2. What should be recorded about the cheetah
A. Their birth rate. B. Their hunting rate.
C Their area of activity. D. Their sleep schedule.
3. Who are likely to apply for the volunteer work
A. Those who live outside Zimbabwe.
B. Those who prefer to work at home.
C. Those who like engaging with animals.
D. Those who would like to make a fortune.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了两个保护野生动物的志愿项目及他们对志愿者的要求。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章Rhino Conservation in Zimbabwe部分第一段“To date, 20 rhinos have been born at the conservancy, with 12 rhinos successfully released back into the wild. (迄今为止，已有20头犀牛在保护区出生，其中12头犀牛成功放归野外)”可知，黑犀牛繁殖和放生项目的工作取得了成效。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Cheetah Conservation部分“The cheetah are now free-wandering in the reserve, and volunteers play an important role in monitoring and observing their behaviour, tracking their movements and recording their hunting rate.(猎豹现在可以在保护区自由漫步，志愿者在监测和观察它们的行为、追踪它们的行动和记录它们的狩猎速度方面发挥着重要作用)”可知，猎豹的狩猎速度应该被记录。故选B项。
3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Successful wildlife conservation goes hand in hand with community education and engagement. Volunteers work with community leaders and schools to share their passion for conservation and the environment.(成功的野生动物保护与社区教育和参与密不可分。志愿者与社区领导人和学校合作，分享他们对保护和环境的热情)”可知，文章主要介绍的两个志愿者活动是围绕野生动物保护展开的，故喜欢与动物打交道的人可能会申请该志愿者活动。故选C项。
B
When trash sculptor Stephanie Hongo meets friends for drinks or dinner, it’s not unusual for one of them to hand her shopping bags full of lids, empty soap bottles, and even a Barbie leg or two. By now, she’s used to neighbors, friends and even strangers giving her their recyclable rejects.
But Hongo doesn’t need any more garbage. She has a large collection of her own at home. “You don’t need to be a trash picker to do this,” she says. “Trash is everywhere.” And for Hongo, where there is trash, there is art. Since 2017, Hongo has crafted complex sea creatures, realistic-looking jungle animals and other creatures out of everything from plastic forks to plastic tubing as well as a hair dryer, a purse, a tooth brush, and even a hair straightener.
Starting with her first piece—a blue deer named Yandoo that she fashioned out of odds and ends laying around her flat, which she screwed together and spray painted in a makeshift basement art studio—she’s gone on to create more than 160 trash sculptures.
“I feel very fortunate,” says Hongo, who loves making a living as an artist. “I care about our environment. The upcycling aspect of it is a lovely byproduct.” Though she doesn’t consider herself a true eco-artist, she hopes she’s inspiring others to reuse items that usually end up in landfills. But for her, she says, “The art comes first.”
Before starting each project, Hongo figures out exactly what pieces of scrap (废旧的) metal, tubing and plastics she’ll need to transform the pile of junk on her worktable into something fantastic, like a majestic octopus (章鱼) rocketing through the coral or a cute koala hugging a tree.
Since her funky creations sell on line at prices starting at $400, she’s been fortunate enough to make trash sculpting her full-time career. “It’s so much more than I ever expected,” she says.
4. Why does Hongo say “You don’t need to be a trash picker to do this”
A. Because it is hard to pick trash.
B. Because there is trash everywhere.
C. Because her friends give her enough.
D. Because she has a large collection of trash.
5. What does Hongo expect others to learn from her art form
A. To enjoy art. B. To collect trash.
C. To trash sculptures. D. To recycle waste.
6. What does Hongo do before starting each project
A. Find enough fantastic shapes to copy.
B. Put away the things on her works.
C. Make out what materials suit her works.
D. Figure out what her pile of junk is made of.
7. Which of the following can best describe Hongo
A. Creative and inspiring. B. Diligent and practical.
C. Helpful and generous. D. Humorous and determined.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了艺术家Stephanie Hongo将垃圾变成雕塑作品，从而激发人们回收利用垃圾的意识。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段““You don’t need to be a trash picker to do this,” she says. “Trash is everywhere.”(她说：“你不需要成为一个捡垃圾的人。垃圾无处不在”)”可知，你不需要成为一个捡垃圾的人，因为到处都是垃圾。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Though she doesn’t consider herself a true eco-artist, she hopes she’s inspiring others to reuse items that usually end up in landfills.(尽管她不认为自己是一个真正的生态艺术家，但她希望自己能激励其他人重新使用通常会被填埋的物品)”可知，Hongo希望其他人能从她的艺术形式中学习回收利用垃圾。故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Before starting each project, Hongo figures out exactly what pieces of scrap metal, tubing and plastics she’ll need to transform the pile of junk on her worktable into something fantastic, like a majestic octopus rocketing through the coral or a cute koala hugging a tree.(在开始每个项目之前，Hongo都会准确地计算出她需要什么样的废金属、管材和塑料片，才能把工作台上的一堆垃圾变成奇妙的东西，比如一只雄伟的章鱼在珊瑚中飞驰，或者一只可爱的考拉拥抱在树上)”可知，Hongo在开始每一个项目之前都要弄清楚哪些材料适合她的作品。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“And for Hongo, where there is trash, there is art. Since 2017, Hongo has crafted complex sea creatures, realistic-looking jungle animals and other creatures out of everything from plastic forks to plastic tubing as well as a hair dryer, a purse, a tooth brush, and even a hair straightener.(对Hongo来说，有垃圾的地方就有艺术。自2017年以来，Hongo用各种材料从塑料叉到塑料管，还有吹风机、钱包、牙刷，甚至直发器制作了复杂的海洋生物、逼真的丛林动物和其他生物)”及第四段“Though she doesn’t consider herself a true eco-artist, she hopes she’s inspiring others to reuse items that usually end up in landfills.(尽管她不认为自己是一个真正的生态艺术家，但她希望自己能激励其他人重新使用通常会被填埋的物品)”可知，Hongo用废品制造出各种雕塑，并希望激励人们学会循环利用，故她是一个有创造力和鼓舞人心的人。故选A项。
C
With a fragrance (芳香) through the bedrooms of older adults for two hours every night for six months, memories skyrocketed. Participants in this study by University of California, Irvine (UCI)neuroscientists gained a 226% increase in cognitive capacity compared to the control group. The researchers say the finding transforms the long-known tie between smell and memory into an easy, non-invasive technique for strengthening memory and potentially preventing dementia (痴呆).
The project was conducted through the UCI Center for the Neurobiology of Learning & Memory. It involved men and women aged 60 to 85 without memory impairment. All were given seven small containers, each containing a single and different natural oil. People in the enriched group received full-strength oils. Control group participants were given the oils in tiny amounts. Participants put a different container into their room each evening prior to going to bed, and it activated for two hours as they slept.
People in the enriched group showed a 226% increase in cognitive performance compared to the control group, as measured by a word list test commonly used to evaluate memory. Participants also reported sleeping more soundly. The researchers say the results from their study bear out what scientists learned about the connection between smell and memory.
Scientists have long known that the loss of ability to smell, can predict development of nearly 70 neurological and psychiatric diseases. These include Alzheimer’s and other dementias, Parkinson’s and alcoholism. Researchers have previously found that exposing people with moderate dementia to up to 40 different smells twice a day over a period of time improved their memories and language skills, eased depression and improved their sense of smell.
The team would next like to study the technique’s impact on people with diagnosed cognitive loss. A product based on their study and designed for people to use at home is expected to come onto the market this fall.
8. What field may the findings be applied to
A. Controlling sleep. B. Exploring smells.
C. Developing skills. D. Promoting memory.
9. What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A. Research results. B. Research process.
C. Research methods. D. Research purpose.
10. How did researchers assess the performance of the participants
A. By giving the participants a test.
B. By scanning the participants’ brain.
C. By observing the participants’ actions.
D. By asking about the participants’ feeling.
11. What will the researchers focus on in future
A. Developing a smell product.
B. The impact of cognitive loss.
C. Application of research results.
D. Doing market research for their product.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加州大学尔湾分校神经科学家进行了一项为期六个月的研究发现，老年人的卧室里每晚持续两个小时的香味，老人的记忆激增。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The researchers say the finding transforms the long-known tie between smell and memory into an easy, non-invasive technique for strengthening memory and potentially preventing dementia.(研究人员表示，这一发现将嗅觉和记忆之间长期存在的联系转化为一种简单、无创的技术，可以增强记忆，并有可能预防痴呆症)”可知，该发现可能用于改善记忆力的领域。故选D项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“The project was conducted through the UCI Center for the Neurobiology of Learning & Memory. It involved men and women aged 60 to 85 without memory impairment. All were given seven small containers, each containing a single and different natural oil. People in the enriched group received full-strength oils. Control group participants were given the oils in tiny amounts. Participants put a different container into their room each evening prior to going to bed, and it activated for two hours as they slept.(该项目是通过UCI学习与记忆神经生物学中心进行的。研究对象为年龄在60至85岁之间且无记忆障碍的男性和女性。所有人都得到了七个小容器，每个容器都装有一种不同的天然油。强化组的人接受了全强度油。对照组的参与者服用了少量的精油。参与者每天晚上睡觉前把一个不同的容器放进房间，在他们睡觉的时候它会激活两个小时)”第二段主要介绍了的是研究是怎样进行的，即研究过程。故选B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“People in the enriched group showed a 226% increase in cognitive performance compared to the control group, as measured by a word list test commonly used to evaluate memory. (通过常用于评估记忆的单词表测试，与对照组相比，强化组的人的认知能力提高了226%)”可知，研究人员通过给予参与者单词表测试来评估参与者的表现。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The team would next like to study the technique’s impact on people with diagnosed cognitive loss. A product based on their study and designed for people to use at home is expected to come onto the market this fall.(该团队接下来想研究这项技术对被诊断为认知障碍的人的影响。根据他们的研究，一种专为人们在家使用而设计的产品预计将于今年秋天上市)”可知，他们研究的新产品将要上市，故研究人员未来将关注研究成果的应用。故选C项。
D
Researchers have proposed a novel method for counting and tracking vehicles on public roads, a development that could improve current traffic systems and help travelers get to their destinations faster.
Using the cameras already installed on campus buses at the Ohio State University, researchers proved that they could automatically and accurately measure counts of vehicles on urban roadways, detect objects in the road and distinguish parked vehicles from those that are moving.
In previous studies, Ohio State researchers found that using these mobile cameras provides much better spatial and temporal (时间的) coverage than relying on often temporarily placed sensors that don’t provide a view of many streets and roads in a city.
“If we collect and process more high-resolution (高清) spatial information about what’s happening on the roads, then planners could better understand changes in demand, effectively improving efficiency in the broader transportation system,” said Keith Redmill, lead author of the study.
“If we can measure traffic in a way that is as good or better than what is conventionally done with fixed sensors, then we will have created something incredibly useful extremely cheaply,” he said. “Our goal is to start building a system that could do this without much manual intervention because if you want to collect this information over lots of potential vehicles and lots of time, it’s worth fully automating that process.”
While still a long way from total implementation (实施), the study suggests the system’s results bear promise for the future of intelligent traffic surveillance. Transportation planners, engineers and operators make vital decisions about the future of our roadways, so when designing transportation systems to work over the next 30 to 50 years, it’s necessary that we give them data that allows them to improve the efficiency of the system and the level of service provided to travelers.
12. How can cameras on buses benefit travelers
A. By shortening their travel time.
B. By making their schedules tight.
C. By decreasing their transport cost.
D. By improving their safety awareness.
13. What can we know about the sensors placed on buses
A. They provide more spatial coverage.
B. They can’t detect objects on the road.
C. They cover less view of the urban traffic.
D. They accurately record the flow of traffic.
14. What does the underlined word “surveillance” in paragraph 6 mean
A. Operation. B. Monitoring. C. Protection. D. Arrangement.
15. What is a suitable title for the text
A. Transportation automation is on its way
B. It is time to improve the efficiency of traffic system
C. Transportation planners use cameras to make policies
D. Cameras installed on buses can better measure traffic
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是研究人员提出了一种新方法来统计和追踪公共道路上的车辆，这一发展有望改善当前的交通系统，帮助旅行者更快地到达目的地。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Researchers have proposed a novel method for counting and tracking vehicles on public roads, a development that could improve current traffic systems and help travelers get to their destinations faster.(研究人员提出了一种计算和跟踪公共道路上车辆的新方法，这一发展可以改善当前的交通系统，帮助旅行者更快地到达目的地)”可知，研究人员提出的是一种新的方法即在巴士上的摄像头能够帮助旅行者更快的到达目的地，即缩短出行时间。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“In previous studies, Ohio State researchers found that using these mobile cameras provides much better spatial and temporal (时间的) coverage than relying on often temporarily placed sensors that don’t provide a view of many streets and roads in a city.(在之前的研究中，俄亥俄州立大学的研究人员发现，使用这些移动摄像头可以提供更好的空间和时间覆盖，而不是依赖于通常临时放置的传感器，这些传感器不能提供城市中许多街道和道路的视图)”可知，安装在公交车上的传感器不能提供城市中许多道路和街道的视图。由此推知，它们对城市交通的覆盖较少。故选C。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Using the cameras already installed on campus buses at the Ohio State University, researchers proved that they could automatically and accurately measure counts of vehicles on urban roadways, detect objects in the road and distinguish parked vehicles from those that are moving.(俄亥俄州立大学的研究人员利用已经安装在校园公交车上的摄像头，证明了它们可以自动准确地测量城市道路上的车辆数量，探测道路上的物体，并区分停放的车辆和行驶的车辆)”以及划线词前面的内容“While still a long way from total implementation(实施), the study suggests the system’s results bear promise for the future ...(虽然距离全面实施还有很长的路要走，但研究表明，该系统的结果对未来充满希望…)”可知，安装在公交车上的摄像头能够自动准确地测量城市道路上的车辆数量，探测道路上的物体，并区分停放的车辆和行驶的车辆，虽然距离全面实施这项技术还有很长的路要走，但研究表明，该系统的结果对未来的交通监控室充满希望的。故划线词与B选项“Monitoring.(监控)”为同义词。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Using the cameras already installed on campus buses at the Ohio State University, researchers proved that they could automatically and accurately measure counts of vehicles on urban roadways, detect objects in the road and distinguish parked vehicles from those that are moving.( 俄亥俄州立大学的研究人员利用已经安装在校园公交车上的摄像头，证明了它们可以自动准确地测量城市道路上的车辆数量，探测道路上的物体，并区分停放的车辆和行驶的车辆)”以及通读全文可知，文章讲述的是研究人员提出了一种新方法来统计和追踪公共道路上的车辆，这一发展有望改善当前的交通系统，帮助旅行者更快地到达目的地。由此可知，D选项“Cameras installed on buses can better measure traffic(安装在公交车上的摄像头可以更好地测量交通状况)”概括文章主要内容，符合文章标题。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Your guide to a no-spend challenge
A no-spend challenge isn’t about total deprivation (剥夺) or freezing your bank account. ____16____. The most common form of the challenge is to purchase only necessities and restrain from buying wants and impulse desires.
Assessing and prioritising needs
Before delving (深入探究) into the no-spend challenge, take the time to assess and differentiate your essential needs from your wants. Identify recurring bills, necessary expenditures and essential items. Distinguish them from free spending on non-essential products and services. This initial step lays the foundation for a realistic and sustainable challenge. ____17____.
Creating a realistic budget
A successful no-spend challenge is rooted in the development of a well-crafted budget that reflects your financial reality. ____18____. Allocate specific amounts for variable expenses such as groceries and bills, enhancing accountability and providing a clear roadmap for responsible spending during the challenge.
Support system
____19____. A firm support system that understands and respects your financial goals creates a positive environment, fostering motivation and solidarity. Share tips, experiences and celebrate milestones together, turning the challenge into a shared journey towards financial consciousness.
____20____
As your challenge concludes, take enough time to reflect on the entire experience. What insights did you gain into your spending habits and priorities Identify positive changes you want to maintain and integrate them into your long-term financial strategy.
The no-spend challenge is not merely a temporary exercise; it serves as a catalyst for enduring financial wellness. Embrace the journey, learn from the experience and watch as your financial goals transform into realities.
A. Establishing long-term habits
B. Understanding the no-spend challenge
C. It ensures that crucial aspects of your life remain unaffected
D. Begin by outlining your income, fixed expenses and any upcoming financial goals
E. Share your commitment with friends and family, encouraging them to support your effort
F. The no-spend challenge serves as an opportune moment to cultivate mindful spending habits
G. It represents a conscious decision to redirect your financial focus and control your spending habits
【答案】16. G 17. C 18. D 19. E 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些理财技巧和建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“A no-spend challenge isn’t about total deprivation (剥夺) or freezing your bank account.(不花钱的挑战并不是完全剥夺你的财产或者冻结你的银行账户)”提到了不花钱并不是完全剥夺你的财产或者冻结你的银行账户，故本句是在解释不花钱的正确概念。故G选项“它代表了一个有意识的决定，重新调整你的财务重点，控制你的消费习惯”符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Identify recurring bills, necessary expenditures and essential items. Distinguish them from free spending on non-essential products and services. This initial step lays the foundation for a realistic and sustainable challenge.(确定经常性账单、必要支出和基本项目。将它们与在非必要产品和服务上的随意支出区分开来。这一初步步骤为现实和可持续的挑战奠定了基础)”可知，上文提到把经常性账单、必要支出和基本项目与非必要支出区分开来，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文继续说明这么做的好处，故C选项“它确保你生活的关键方面不受影响”符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
根据上文“A successful no-spend challenge is rooted in the development of a well-crafted budget that reflects your financial reality.(一个成功的不花钱的挑战根植于一个精心制作的预算的发展，这个预算反映了你的财务现实)”以及后文“Allocate specific amounts for variable expenses such as groceries and bills, enhancing accountability and providing a clear roadmap for responsible spending during the challenge.(为杂货和账单等可变支出分配具体金额，加强问责制，并在挑战期间为负责任的支出提供清晰的路线图)”可知，上文建议做预算，后文提到了后续做法，可知本句是在说明做预算的第一步，故D选项“首先列出你的收入、固定支出和任何即将到来的财务目标”符合语境，故选D。
【19题详解】
根据后文“A firm support system that understands and respects your financial goals creates a positive environment, fostering motivation and solidarity.(一个坚定的支持系统，理解和尊重你的财务目标，创造一个积极的环境，培养动力和团结)”提到了支持系统的重要性，可知本句是在说明培养支持系统所需要的条件。故E选项“与朋友和家人分享你的承诺，鼓励他们支持你的努力”符合语境，故选E。
【20题详解】
根据后文“Identify positive changes you want to maintain and integrate them into your long-term financial strategy.(确定你想要保持的积极变化，并将它们整合到你的长期财务战略中)”提到了把习惯整合到长期战略中，即养成长期的财务习惯，后文long-term financial strategy可对应到A选项long-term habits。故A选项“养成长期习惯”可作为该部分小标题，故选A。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Lisa was a teacher of my two sons. In 2000, she ___21___ to teach my elder son, Bob, who had difficulty in writing and reading. It took Lisa much patience to ___22___ Bob. With her special education, Bob ___23___ in his class and was finally admitted to a Chinese university with excellent grades. I ___24___ believed it was Lisa’s special teaching style that made Bob finally ___25___ out. Years later, my complete ___26___ was confirmed again.
Luckily, my younger son, Mike, also studied in Lisa’s class. Lisa made a bigger ___27___ on him. “Every student is unique, so ___28___ teaching is the key,” she said. “Every man has his price.” Because she was aware of her students’ ___29___, she designed multiple schemes to guide the children.
Mike’s grades had fallen behind other students. It was a challenge for Lisa to teach him whose grades were at the ___30___ of the class. Lisa learned Mike had a(n) ___31___ personality. He liked meeting friends, loved chatting with them and enjoyed their ___32___. It was because he often stayed with others that he didn’t have enough time to focus on his ___33___. Lisa not only taught Mike to ___34___ life and learning but also ___35___ time — most for study and some for fun. She even invited Mike’s best friend to learn together with him and ___36___ them after school. Eventually, they significantly raised their scores. However, Lisa reminded me that it wasn’t the scores but the ___37___ that mattered. She couldn’t be more proud of my son’s stepping ___38___.
In terms of child education, Lisa is a(n) ___39___ example to all. Although Mike has graduated, I can’t be more ___40___. I really want to say to her again, “Thanks.”
21.
A. forgot B. failed C. began D. refused
22.
A. send B. instruct C. protect D. accommodate
23.
A. got ahead B. called back C. turned up D. looked around
24.
A. doubtfully B. slightly C. rarely D. firmly
25.
A. drop B. stand C. burst D. go
26.
A trust B. change C. silence D. disagreement
27.
A. mistake B. decision C. comment D. impact
28.
A. free B. conventional C. individualized D. changeless
29.
A. differences B. secrets C. habits D. looks
30.
A. beginning B. level C. bottom D. top
31.
A. selfish B. outgoing C. quiet D. awful
32.
A. praise B. meals C. victories D. company
33.
A. needs B. contacts C. study D. housework
34.
A. balance B. start C. investigate D. prepare
35.
A. memorize B. plan C. record D. display
36.
A. tutored B. amused C. criticized D. trapped
37.
A. speech B. sympathy C. relationship D. progress
38.
A. punctually B. occasionally C. forward D. first
39.
A. false B. awesome C. abstract D. humble
40.
A. regretful B. curious C. anxious D. grateful
【答案】21 C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. A 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者的老师Lisa对作者两个儿子的教育和辅导，作者认为Lisa是儿童教育方面很棒的榜样。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2000年，她开始教我的大儿子鲍勃，他在写作和阅读方面有困难。A. forgot忘记；B. failed失败；C. began开始；D. refused拒绝。根据“to teach my elder son”可知，Lisa从2000年开始教作者的大儿子鲍勃。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：丽莎花了很大的耐心来指导鲍勃。A. send发送；B. instruct指导；C. protect保护；D. accommodate为……提供住宿。根据上文“teach my elder son, Bob”可知，Lisa教作者的大儿子鲍勃，也就是指导鲍勃。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于她的特殊教育，鲍勃在班上名列前茅，最终以优异的成绩被一所中国大学录取。A. got ahead领先；B. called back回电话；C. turned up出现；D. looked around环顾四周。根据下文“was finally admitted to a Chinese university with excellent grades”可知，在Lisa的教导下，鲍勃的成绩领先。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我坚信是Lisa独特的教学风格让Bob最终脱颖而出。A. doubtfully怀疑地；B. slightly稍微；C. rarely罕有；D. firmly坚定地。根据“believed it was Lisa’s special teaching style that made Bob finally__5__ out”可知，作者坚信是Lisa独特的教学风格让作者的儿子变得突出，故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坚信是Lisa独特的教学风格让Bob最终脱颖而出。A. drop下降；B. stand站立；C. burst爆炸；D. go去。根据上文“Bob__3__ in his class and was finally admitted to a Chinese university with excellent grades”可知，作者的儿子鲍勃成绩很好，也就是在班上很突出，stand out意为“突出”。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年以后，我对她的完全信任再次得到了证实。A. trust信任；B. change改变；C. silence安静；D. disagreement不同意。根据上文“I __4__believed it was Lisa’s special teaching style that made Bob finally__5___ out”可知，作者对Lisa是信任的，认为是Lisa的教学风格让鲍勃突出。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：丽莎对他的影响更大。A. mistake错误；B. decision决定；C. comment评论；D. impact影响。根据下文“Lisa not only taught Mike to __14__ life and learning but also__15___ time”可知，丽莎对Mike的影响很大。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个学生都是独一无二的，所以个性化教学是关键。A. free免费的；B. conventional传统的；C. individualized有个性的；D. changeless不变的。根据上文“Every student is unique”可知，丽莎相信学生都是独一无二的，所以教学也要个性化。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为她意识到学生们的不同，她设计了多种方案来指导孩子们。A. differences不同；B. secrets秘密；C. habits习惯；D. looks外表。根据上文“Every student is unique”可知，每个学生都是独一无二的，所以她意识到学生们的不同。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对丽莎来说，教他这个成绩在班里垫底的学生是一个挑战。A. beginning开始；B. level水平；C. bottom底部；D. top顶部。根据上文“Mike’s grades had fallen behind other students”可知，Mike的成绩比别人都差，是垫底的学生，空格处意为“底部”。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：丽莎得知迈克性格外向。A. selfish自私的；B. outgoing外向的；C. quiet安静的；D. awful可怕的。根据下文“He liked meeting friends, loved chatting with them”可知，迈克性格是外向的。故选B。
32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他喜欢和朋友见面，喜欢和他们聊天，享受他们的陪伴。A. praise表扬；B. meals膳食；C. victories胜利；D. company陪伴。根据上文“He liked meeting friends, loved chatting with them”可知，迈克喜欢和朋友见面，喜欢和他们聊天，因此是享受他们的陪伴。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为他经常和别人呆在一起，所以他没有足够的时间专注于学习。A. needs需要；B. contacts联系；C. study学习；D. housework家务劳动。根据上文“It was because he often stayed with others that he didn’t have enough time to focus on”可知，迈克经常和别人呆在一起，所以他没有足够的时间专注于学习。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：丽莎不仅教迈克平衡生活和学习，还教他计划时间——大部分时间用来学习，一些时间用来娱乐。A. balance平衡；B. start开始；C. investigate调查；D. prepare准备。根据下文“most for study and some for fun”可知，丽莎是教迈克要平衡生活和学习。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：丽莎不仅教迈克平衡生活和学习，还教他计划时间——大部分时间用来学习，一些时间用来娱乐。A. memorize记忆；B. plan计划；C. record记录；D. display展示。根据下文“most for study and some for fun”可知，丽莎教迈克要计划好时间。故选B。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她甚至邀请迈克最好的朋友和他一起学习，并在放学后辅导他们。A. tutored辅导；B. amused使发笑；C. criticized批评；D. trapped使陷入圈套。根据下文“them after school”可知，丽莎在放学后给迈克和同学辅导。故选A。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，丽莎提醒我，重要的不是分数，而是进步。A. speech演讲；B. sympathy同情；C. relationship关系；D. progress进步。根据上文“they significantly raised their scores”可知，迈克和好朋友的分数提高了，所以是进步了，丽莎提醒作者，重要的不是分数，而是进步。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她为我儿子的进步感到无比骄傲。A. punctually准时地；B. occasionally偶尔；C. forward向前；D. first第一。根据上文“they significantly raised their scores”可知，作者的儿子进步了，丽莎为作者儿子的进步感到无比骄傲。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在儿童教育方面，丽莎是所有人的榜样。A. false错误的；B. awesome非常棒的；C. abstract抽象的；D. humble卑微的。根据上文“Eventually, they significantly raised their scores.”可知，迈克的同学的成绩都提高了，所以丽莎是儿童教育方面很棒的榜样。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然迈克已经毕业了，我还是感激不尽。A. regretful后悔的；B. curious好奇的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. grateful感激的。根据下文“Thanks”可知，作者是对丽莎是感激的。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Diesel engines (柴油机) work on the same basic principles ___41___ gasoline engines, but they do the work differently. Let’s take a closer look.
The story of the diesel engine actually begins with the invention of the gasoline engine. Nikolaus August Otto ___42___ (invent) the gasoline engine in 1861. His invention used the four-stroke combustion (四冲程燃烧) principle, also known as the “Otto Cycle”, ___43___ is the basis for most car engines today. In its early stage, the gasoline engine wasn’t very efficient, and other major methods of transportation, such as the steam engine, performed ___44___ (poor) as well. Only about 10 percent of the fuel ___45___(use) to power these types of engines actually moved a vehicle. The rest of the fuel simply produced useless heat.
Rudolf Diesel created an engine with high efficiency, and he devoted much of his time to ___46___ (develop) a “combustion power engine”. By 1892 Diesel had obtained a patent for ___47___ we now call the diesel engine.
For decades, diesel engines had a reputation for being dirty and loud. While Europe adopted the technology pretty widely, most ___48___(drive) in the United States said, “No, thank you.” By the 21st century, though diesel engines became far cleaner, much ___49___ (quiet) and even more efficient, they experienced a setback in popular opinion because of a scandal (丑闻) in 2014. Thanks to ___50___ (they) proven efficiency, though, diesel engines are regaining some ground.
【答案】41. as 42. invented
43. which 44. poorly
45. used 46. developing
47. what 48. drivers
49. quieter
50. their
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了柴油发动机与汽油发动机的历史。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：柴油发动机的工作原理与汽油发动机相同，但工作却不同。the same… as…意为“与……一样” 是固定搭配。故填as。
【42题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：1861年，尼古拉·奥古斯特·奥托发明了汽油发动机。根据句中的时间状语in 1861可知，事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用invent“发明”的过去式。故填invented。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他的发明使用了四冲程燃烧原理，也被称为“Otto Cycle”，这是今天大多数汽车发动机的基础。分析句子结构可知，本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是four-stroke combustion (四冲程燃烧) principle，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：在早期阶段，汽油发动机的效率并不高，而其他主要的交通工具，如蒸汽机，也表现不佳。此处修饰动词performed，要用副词poorly“糟糕地，不如意”，作状语。故填poorly。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：只有大约10%的燃料用于驱动这些类型的引擎，真正移动车辆。本句谓语为moved，此处应用非谓语动词，而且use“使用”和fuel之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词used，作后置定语。故填used。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：鲁道夫·迪塞尔创造了一种高效率的发动机，他花了很多时间研制一种“燃烧动力发动机”。devote one’s time to doing sth.“投入时间做某事”，所以此处空前的to是介词，develop“研制”用动名词形式，作介词to的宾语。故填developing。
【47题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：到1892年，迪塞尔获得了我们现在所说的柴油机的专利。分析句子结构可知，本空引导宾语从句，从句缺少call的宾语，且指物，用what引导。故填what。
【48题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：虽然欧洲广泛采用了这项技术，但美国的大多数司机说：“不，谢谢。”此处缺少句子主语，此处是指“司机”，故用driver，结合句意和空前的most可知，司机不止一个，应用名词复数形式。故填drivers。
【49题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：到了21世纪，尽管柴油发动机变得更清洁、更安静、甚至更高效，但由于2014年的一起丑闻，它们在公众舆论中遭遇了挫折。此处用quiet“安静”的比较级quieter，quieter与空前的比较级cleaner和空后的比较级more efficient并列。故填quieter。
【50题详解】
考查代词。句意：然而，由于其已被证明的效率，柴油发动机正在重新获得一些地位。故此处用形容词性物主代词their“它们的”，作定语，修饰空后名词proven efficiency。故填their。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Mary is one of my classmate, who I admire very much. She is cheerful but friendly, keeping smiling at others. That impresses me most is her sweet voice. The sound of her singing is as a waterfall on a mountain, flowed effortlessly and leaving a sense of calm. She is very focused when singing. Much of us usually hear her to sing songs after class. She always active participates in local music contests. So far, she won two prizes in our city. She also teaches us to sing. As a result, influencing by her, more and more students in our class like to sing.
【答案】1.classmate→classmates
2.but→and
3.That→What
4.as→like
5.flowed→flowing
6.Much→Many
7.去掉sing前的to
8.active→actively
9.在won前加has
10.influencing→influenced
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是作者很欣赏的一个同学玛丽。
【详解】1.考查名词的复数。句意：玛丽是我的一个同学，我很欣赏她。one of后要跟名词的复数，因此classmate要用复数。故将classmate改为classmates。
2.考查连词。句意：她性格开朗，待人友好，总是对别人微笑。cheerful和friendly之间是并列关系，且句子是肯定句，因此用and连接两个形容词。故将but改为and。
3.考查主语从句。句意：给我印象最深的是她甜美的声音。“impresses me most”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，此处表示“给我印象最深的是她甜美的声音”，因此用what引导主语从句，位于句首的单词首字母大写。故将That改为What。
4.考查介词。句意：她的歌声就像山上的瀑布，毫不费力地流淌，给人一种平静的感觉。根据语境可知，句子表示“她的歌声就像山上的瀑布”，“像”用介词like。故将as改为like。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意：她的歌声就像山上的瀑布，毫不费力地流淌，给人一种平静的感觉。句中谓语是is，flow要用非谓语动词，The sound of her singing和flow之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词表主动。故将flowed改为flowing。
6.考查代词。句意：我们中的许多人经常在课后听她唱歌。us是复数，因此用many，much适用于不可数，位于句首的单词首字母大写。故将Much改为Many。
7.考查不带to的不定式。句意：我们中的许多人经常在课后听她唱歌。hear sb. do sth.是固定短语，意为“听见某人做某事”，因此sing前的不定式符合省略。故去掉sing前的to。
8.考查副词。句意：她经常积极参加当地的音乐比赛。修饰动词participates要用副词actively，意为“积极地”。故将active改为actively。
9.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，她在我市赢得了两个奖。由So far可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语she是单数，因此其后用has won。故在won前加has。
10.考查非谓语动词。句意：结果，在她的影响下，我们班越来越多的学生喜欢唱歌。句中谓语是like，influence用非谓语形式，由by可知，用过去分词influenced表被动。故将influencing改为influenced。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 假定你是李华，你的外教Novak精通小提琴，而你擅长琵琶（Chinese lute），你想跟他互相学习。请你给他写一封信，内容包括：
1．钦佩他的演奏；
2．提出互相学习。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．信的开头和结尾已为你写好。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Novak,
I know you are good at playing the violin, and I was deeply impressed by your performance at the school evening party last time. I admire your playing skills very much. If it’s convenient for you, I’d like to learn to play the violin from you. I hear that you are also interested in Chinese musical instruments. It happens that I am good at Chinese lute. In return, I can share my playing skills with you. I hope you will consider my advice, which will be a win-win one.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外教Novak写封信，告诉他你钦佩他的演奏，并提出互相学习。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：advice→suggestion
考虑：consider→take...into consideration
擅长：be good at→do well in
作为回报：in return→in reward
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I know you are good at playing the violin, and I was deeply impressed by your performance at the school evening party last time.
拓展句：I know you are good at playing the violin, and I was deeply impressed by your performance which you gave at the school evening party last time.
【点睛】[高分句型1] If it’s convenient for you, I’d like to learn to play the violin from you. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
[高分句型2] I hope you will consider my advice, which will be a win-win one. (运用了that引导的宾语从句，省略了that以及which引导的非限制性定语从句)
1—5 BABAC 6—10 ACACB 11—15 BCCBA 16—20 CABAC鄠邑区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试
英语
考生注意：
1．本试卷共150分。考试时间120分钟。
2．请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A． 1915. B． 9.18. C． 9.15.
答案是 C。
1．What did the woman almost forget this morning
A．Her wallet. B．Her keys. C．Her notebook.
2．Where did Mike grow up
A．In Canada. B．In England. C．In Germany.
3．When will the man arrive
A．About 4: 10 pm. B．About 4: 20 pm. C．About 4: 30 pm.
4．Who is talking to the girl
A．A dentist. B．A policeman. C．A salesman.
5．What will the weather be like tomorrow
A．Rainy. B．Cloudy. C．Sunny.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Where does the conversation take place
A．On a plane. B．In a classroom. C．In a cinema.
7．What is the man’s problem
A．His seat is uncomfortable.
B．He disagrees with the passengers.
C．He sits too far away from the TV screen.
听第7 段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．How long have the speakers been in the store
A．For thirty minutes. B．For twenty minutes. C．For thirteen minutes.
9．What does the man suggest the woman do
A．Join a tennis club. B．Buy good running shoes. C．Turn to the assistants for advice.
听第8段材料，回答第10至 12题。
10．What happened to Nina’s family
A．Her father hurt his leg. B．Her mother quit her job. C．Her sister was badly ill.
11．What is Nina
A．An office clerk. B．A high school student. C．A college teacher.
12．Where will Nina go next
A．To the coffee house. B．To Jackson’s home. C．To the library.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Where did the man get the cat
A．From a pet store. B．From his neighbor. C．On the street.
14．How old was the man when the cat saved his life
A．35. B．36. C．40.
15．What was the man doing when he had the heart attack
A．Taking a shower. B．Sleeping. C．Watching TV.
16．What does the man mean in the end
A．It costs a lot to raise Tommy.
B．It’s important to keep a pet at home.
C．Kindness will be rewarded in some way.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What is the purpose of the museum
A．To help school children. B．To show computers. C．To develop the industry.
18．Who are the listeners
A．Students. B．Teachers. C．Managers.
19．Why does the company invite the listeners
A．To get some advice.
B．To sell them computers.
C．To introduce the history of the company.
20．When will the speaker come back
A．In half an hour. B．In an hour. C．In one and a half hours.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Successful wildlife conservation goes hand in hand with community education and engagement. Volunteers work with community leaders and schools to share their passion for conservation and the environment.
Rhino Conservation in Zimbabwe
The project is home to an internationally renowned Black Rhino Breeding and Release Programme which has supported Zimbabwe’s rhino population since the mid 1980s. To date, 20 rhinos have been born at the conservancy, with 12 rhinos successfully released back into the wild. Volunteers play a role in securing the future of this once-again endangered animal, working alongside anti-poaching rangers (反偷猎护林员), working on rhino research projects and getting involved in the daily care of both black and white rhino.
Our Rhino Conservation Programme is a unique hands-on opportunity to get behind the scenes and experience day-to-day life on a private conservancy, and be involved with the protection and conservation of Zimbabwe’s endangered black rhino.
The aim of the programme is to assist the reserve’s established Black Rhino Breeding and Release Programme, collect meaningful data and information relating to rhino and wildlife conservation and animal behaviour, and engage with the local community about wildlife conservation.
Cheetah (猎豹) Conservation
In 2021, two captive-born male cheetah were introduced to the conservancy as part of an international rewilding programme. The cheetah are now free-wandering in the reserve, and volunteers play an important role in monitoring and observing their behaviour, tracking their movements and recording their hunting rate.
Volunteer Work
Volunteers contribute to a long-term conservation project and get involved with a variety of conservation activities:
·Work alongside rhinos, cheetah and elephants
·Conservancy management
·Wildlife monitoring
·Anti-poaching patrols and snare sweeps
·Educate school-children about conservation, wildlife and the environment
·Learn about what is involved in running a conservancy
1. What can we say about Black Rhino Breeding and Release Programme
A. Its work pays off. B. It is limited to Zimbabwe.
C. It is home to two cheetah. D. It has a history of 50 years.
2. What should be recorded about the cheetah
A. Their birth rate. B. Their hunting rate.
C. Their area of activity. D. Their sleep schedule.
3. Who are likely to apply for the volunteer work
A. Those who live outside Zimbabwe.
B. Those who prefer to work at home.
C. Those who like engaging with animals.
D. Those who would like to make a fortune.
B
When trash sculptor Stephanie Hongo meets friends for drinks or dinner, it’s not unusual for one of them to hand her shopping bags full of lids, empty soap bottles, and even a Barbie leg or two. By now, she’s used to neighbors, friends and even strangers giving her their recyclable rejects.
But Hongo doesn’t need any more garbage. She has a large collection of her own at home. “You don’t need to be a trash picker to do this,” she says. “Trash is everywhere.” And for Hongo, where there is trash, there is art. Since 2017, Hongo has crafted complex sea creatures, realistic-looking jungle animals and other creatures out of everything from plastic forks to plastic tubing as well as a hair dryer, a purse, a tooth brush, and even a hair straightener.
Starting with her first piece—a blue deer named Yandoo that she fashioned out of odds and ends laying around her flat, which she screwed together and spray painted in a makeshift basement art studio—she’s gone on to create more than 160 trash sculptures.
“I feel very fortunate,” says Hongo, who loves making a living as an artist. “I care about our environment. The upcycling aspect of it is a lovely byproduct.” Though she doesn’t consider herself a true eco-artist, she hopes she’s inspiring others to reuse items that usually end up in landfills. But for her, she says, “The art comes first.”
Before starting each project, Hongo figures out exactly what pieces of scrap (废旧的) metal, tubing and plastics she’ll need to transform the pile of junk on her worktable into something fantastic, like a majestic octopus (章鱼) rocketing through the coral or a cute koala hugging a tree.
Since her funky creations sell on line at prices starting at $400 she’s been fortunate enough to make trash sculpting her full-time career. “It’s so much more than I ever expected,” she says.
4. Why does Hongo say “You don’t need to be a trash picker to do this”
A. Because it is hard to pick trash.
B Because there is trash everywhere.
C. Because her friends give her enough.
D. Because she has a large collection of trash.
5. What does Hongo expect others to learn from her art form
A. To enjoy art. B. To collect trash.
C. To trash sculptures. D. To recycle waste.
6. What does Hongo do before starting each project
A. Find enough fantastic shapes to copy.
B. Put away the things on her works.
C. Make out what materials suit her works.
D. Figure out what her pile of junk is made of.
7. Which of the following can best describe Hongo
A. Creative and inspiring. B. Diligent and practical.
C. Helpful and generous. D. Humorous and determined.
C
With a fragrance (芳香) through the bedrooms of older adults for two hours every night for six months, memories skyrocketed. Participants in this study by University of California, Irvine (UCI)neuroscientists gained a 226% increase in cognitive capacity compared to the control group. The researchers say the finding transforms the long-known tie between smell and memory into an easy, non-invasive technique for strengthening memory and potentially preventing dementia (痴呆).
The project was conducted through the UCI Center for the Neurobiology of Learning & Memory. It involved men and women aged 60 to 85 without memory impairment. All were given seven small containers, each containing a single and different natural oil. People in the enriched group received full-strength oils. Control group participants were given the oils in tiny amounts. Participants put a different container into their room each evening prior to going to bed, and it activated for two hours as they slept.
People in the enriched group showed a 226% increase in cognitive performance compared to the control group, as measured by a word list test commonly used to evaluate memory. Participants also reported sleeping more soundly. The researchers say the results from their study bear out what scientists learned about the connection between smell and memory.
Scientists have long known that the loss of ability to smell, can predict development of nearly 70 neurological and psychiatric diseases. These include Alzheimer’s and other dementias, Parkinson’s and alcoholism. Researchers have previously found that exposing people with moderate dementia to up to 40 different smells twice a day over a period of time improved their memories and language skills, eased depression and improved their sense of smell.
The team would next like to study the technique’s impact on people with diagnosed cognitive loss. A product based on their study and designed for people to use at home is expected to come onto the market this fall.
8. What field may the findings be applied to
A. Controlling sleep. B. Exploring smells.
C. Developing skills. D. Promoting memory.
9. What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A. Research results. B. Research process.
C. Research methods. D. Research purpose.
10. How did researchers assess the performance of the participants
A. By giving the participants a test.
B. By scanning the participants’ brain.
C. By observing the participants’ actions.
D. By asking about the participants’ feeling.
11. What will the researchers focus on in future
A. Developing a smell product.
B. The impact of cognitive loss.
C. Application of research results.
D. Doing market research for their product.
D
Researchers have proposed a novel method for counting and tracking vehicles on public roads, a development that could improve current traffic systems and help travelers get to their destinations faster.
Using the cameras already installed on campus buses at the Ohio State University, researchers proved that they could automatically and accurately measure counts of vehicles on urban roadways, detect objects in the road and distinguish parked vehicles from those that are moving.
In previous studies, Ohio State researchers found that using these mobile cameras provides much better spatial and temporal (时间的) coverage than relying on often temporarily placed sensors that don’t provide a view of many streets and roads in a city.
“If we collect and process more high-resolution (高清) spatial information about what’s happening on the roads, then planners could better understand changes in demand, effectively improving efficiency in the broader transportation system,” said Keith Redmill, lead author of the study.
“If we can measure traffic in a way that is as good or better than what is conventionally done with fixed sensors, then we will have created something incredibly useful extremely cheaply,” he said. “Our goal is to start building a system that could do this without much manual intervention because if you want to collect this information over lots of potential vehicles and lots of time, it’s worth fully automating that process.”
While still a long way from total implementation (实施), the study suggests the system’s results bear promise for the future of intelligent traffic surveillance. Transportation planners, engineers and operators make vital decisions about the future of our roadways, so when designing transportation systems to work over the next 30 to 50 years, it’s necessary that we give them data that allows them to improve the efficiency of the system and the level of service provided to travelers.
12. How can cameras on buses benefit travelers
A. By shortening their travel time.
B. By making their schedules tight.
C. By decreasing their transport cost.
D. By improving their safety awareness.
13. What can we know about the sensors placed on buses
A. They provide more spatial coverage.
B. They can’t detect objects on the road.
C. They cover less view of the urban traffic.
D. They accurately record the flow of traffic.
14. What does the underlined word “surveillance” in paragraph 6 mean
A. Operation. B. Monitoring. C. Protection. D. Arrangement.
15. What is a suitable title for the text
A. Transportation automation is on its way
B. It is time to improve the efficiency of traffic system
C. Transportation planners use cameras to make policies
D. Cameras installed on buses can better measure traffic
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Your guide to a no-spend challenge
A no-spend challenge isn’t about total deprivation (剥夺) or freezing your bank account. ____16____. The most common form of the challenge is to purchase only necessities and restrain from buying wants and impulse desires.
Assessing and prioritising needs
Before delving (深入探究) into the no-spend challenge, take the time to assess and differentiate your essential needs from your wants. Identify recurring bills, necessary expenditures and essential items. Distinguish them from free spending on non-essential products and services. This initial step lays the foundation for a realistic and sustainable challenge. ____17____.
Creating a realistic budget
A successful no-spend challenge is rooted in the development of a well-crafted budget that reflects your financial reality. ____18____. Allocate specific amounts for variable expenses such as groceries and bills, enhancing accountability and providing a clear roadmap for responsible spending during the challenge.
Support system
____19____. A firm support system that understands and respects your financial goals creates a positive environment, fostering motivation and solidarity. Share tips, experiences and celebrate milestones together, turning the challenge into a shared journey towards financial consciousness.
____20____
As your challenge concludes, take enough time to reflect on the entire experience. What insights did you gain into your spending habits and priorities Identify positive changes you want to maintain and integrate them into your long-term financial strategy.
The no-spend challenge is not merely a temporary exercise; it serves as a catalyst for enduring financial wellness. Embrace the journey, learn from the experience and watch as your financial goals transform into realities.
A. Establishing long-term habits
B. Understanding the no-spend challenge
C. It ensures that crucial aspects of your life remain unaffected
D. Begin by outlining your income, fixed expenses and any upcoming financial goals
E. Share your commitment with friends and family encouraging them to support your effort
F. The no-spend challenge serves as an opportune moment to cultivate mindful spending habits
G. It represents a conscious decision to redirect your financial focus and control your spending habits
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Lisa was a teacher of my two sons. In 2000, she ___21___ to teach my elder son, Bob, who had difficulty in writing and reading. It took Lisa much patience to ___22___ Bob. With her special education, Bob ___23___ in his class and was finally admitted to a Chinese university with excellent grades. I ___24___ believed it was Lisa’s special teaching style that made Bob finally ___25___ out. Years later, my complete ___26___ was confirmed again.
Luckily, my younger son, Mike, also studied in Lisa’s class. Lisa made a bigger ___27___ on him. “Every student is unique, so ___28___ teaching is the key,” she said. “Every man has his price.” Because she was aware of her students’ ___29___, she designed multiple schemes to guide the children.
Mike’s grades had fallen behind other students. It was a challenge for Lisa to teach him whose grades were at the ___30___ of the class. Lisa learned Mike had a(n) ___31___ personality. He liked meeting friends, loved chatting with them and enjoyed their ___32___. It was because he often stayed with others that he didn’t have enough time to focus on his ___33___. Lisa not only taught Mike to ___34___ life and learning but also ___35___ time — most for study and some for fun. She even invited Mike’s best friend to learn together with him and ___36___ them after school. Eventually, they significantly raised their scores. However, Lisa reminded me that it wasn’t the scores but the ___37___ that mattered. She couldn’t be more proud of my son’s stepping ___38___.
In terms of child education, Lisa is a(n) ___39___ example to all. Although Mike has graduated, I can’t be more ___40___. I really want to say to her again, “Thanks.”
21.
A. forgot B. failed C. began D. refused
22.
A. send B. instruct C. protect D. accommodate
23.
A. got ahead B. called back C. turned up D. looked around
24.
A. doubtfully B. slightly C. rarely D. firmly
25.
A. drop B. stand C. burst D. go
26.
A. trust B. change C. silence D. disagreement
27.
A. mistake B. decision C. comment D. impact
28.
A. free B. conventional C. individualized D. changeless
29.
A. differences B. secrets C. habits D. looks
30
A. beginning B. level C. bottom D. top
31.
A. selfish B. outgoing C. quiet D. awful
32.
A. praise B. meals C. victories D. company
33.
A. needs B. contacts C. study D. housework
34.
A. balance B. start C. investigate D. prepare
35.
A. memorize B. plan C. record D. display
36.
A. tutored B. amused C. criticized D. trapped
37.
A. speech B. sympathy C. relationship D. progress
38.
A. punctually B. occasionally C. forward D. first
39.
A. false B. awesome C. abstract D. humble
40.
A. regretful B. curious C. anxious D. grateful
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Diesel engines (柴油机) work on the same basic principles ___41___ gasoline engines, but they do the work differently. Let’s take a closer look.
The story of the diesel engine actually begins with the invention of the gasoline engine. Nikolaus August Otto ___42___ (invent) the gasoline engine in 1861. His invention used the four-stroke combustion (四冲程燃烧) principle, also known as the “Otto Cycle”, ___43___ is the basis for most car engines today. In its early stage, the gasoline engine wasn’t very efficient, and other major methods of transportation, such as the steam engine, performed ___44___ (poor) as well. Only about 10 percent of the fuel ___45___(use) to power these types of engines actually moved a vehicle. The rest of the fuel simply produced useless heat.
Rudolf Diesel created an engine with high efficiency, and he devoted much of his time to ___46___ (develop) a “combustion power engine”. By 1892 Diesel had obtained a patent for ___47___ we now call the diesel engine.
For decades, diesel engines had a reputation for being dirty and loud. While Europe adopted the technology pretty widely, most ___48___(drive) in the United States said, “No, thank you.” By the 21st century, though diesel engines became far cleaner, much ___49___ (quiet) and even more efficient, they experienced a setback in popular opinion because of a scandal (丑闻) in 2014. Thanks to ___50___ (they) proven efficiency, though, diesel engines are regaining some ground.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Mary is one of my classmate, who I admire very much. She is cheerful but friendly, keeping smiling at others. That impresses me most is her sweet voice. The sound of her singing is as a waterfall on a mountain, flowed effortlessly and leaving a sense of calm. She is very focused when singing. Much of us usually hear her to sing songs after class. She always active participates in local music contests. So far, she won two prizes in our city. She also teaches us to sing. As a result, influencing by her, more and more students in our class like to sing.
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 假定你是李华，你的外教Novak精通小提琴，而你擅长琵琶（Chinese lute），你想跟他互相学习。请你给他写一封信，内容包括：
1．钦佩他的演奏；
2．提出互相学习。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．信的开头和结尾已为你写好。
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1—5 BABAC 6—10 ACACB 11—15 BCCBA 16—20 CABAC
