牛津译林版九年级下册Unit 4 Life on Mars Reading 1 知识点
文档属性
| 名称 | 牛津译林版九年级下册Unit 4 Life on Mars Reading 1 知识点 |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 26.0KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-02-20 15:46:57 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
Unit 4 Life on Mars
Reading
1. 原文呈现：Our own planet, the Earth, is becoming more and more crowded and polluted because of the rapid increase in population. (P52)
①crowded adj. 拥挤的; 挤满的; 充满的; be crowded with ... 挤满…...
②crowd n. 人群，群众 in the crowd 在人群中 the crowd 人群 a crowd of ... 一群…...
③crowd v. 挤，靠近，涌入 crowd into 涌入 crowd out 挤出 crowd around 围拢
The store was crowded with shoppers
He pushed his way through the crowd.
Long long ago, there was a crowd of antelopes in the forest.
Thousands of people crowded the narrow street.
【牛刀小试】
1. The shop _________ with old people on weekends，but children _________ in the interesting places.
A. crowds; crowded B. crowded; crowds
C. crowded; crowd D. is crowded; crowd
2. My father warned me against going to Beijing during May Day because it was _________(crowd) with tourists．
3. Today，as the world’s urban population explodes，and cities become _______ (crowd) than ever.
4. 每天早上鲁迅公园挤满了锻炼的老人。(crowd)
________________________________________________________.
【答案】1. D 2. crowded 3. more crowded
4. Every morning Lu Xun Park is crowded with old people who exercise
2. 原文呈现：It is hoped that people could start all over again and build a better world on Mars. (P52)
①It is hoped that ... 希望…... It is+done+that ... (人们......，大家…... )
It’s reported that ... 据报道…... It’s believed that ... 相信…...
It’s known that ... 众所周知…... It’s said that ... 据说…...
It’s thought that ... 人们都认为…... It is estimated that ... 据估计…...
②all over again 再；重新 all over 到处，遍及；浑身
all over the world 全世界 spread all over 遍及；遍布各地
all over the place 到处, 各处 all over the lot 混乱地；无条理地
After drinking some wine, I feel warm all over.
The box burst open and its contents flew all over the place.
【牛刀小试】
1. 据说, 一个新的建筑即将在此地建成。
_________ _________ ___________ a new building will be built in the place.
2. 据说之后不久就开始下雨了。
________ ________ _________ soon afterward it began to rain.
3. 世界各地的人们都与家人和朋友一起庆祝新年。
People _________ _________ ________ _______ _______ celebrate the New Year with their family and friends.
【答案】1. It’s said that 2. It’s reported that 3. in all over the world
3. 原文呈现：At present, our spacecraft are too slow to carry numbers of passengers to Mars. (P52)
numbers of 许多的，大量的 修饰复数可数名词。
①a number of 一些；许多的；若干的，后接可数名词复数, number前面可以用large或small等词修饰，表示程度。做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，
②the number of ……的数量，后面接可数名词复数。作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。
A number of parents have voiced concern about their children’s safety.
The number of students has been falling off recently.
【牛刀小试】
1. —How many teachers are there in your school
—________ them ________ over one hundred.
A. The number of; is B. The number of; has
C. A number of; are D. A number of; have
2. —A large number of people in our country ________ getting vaccinated (接种疫苗) these days.
—Yes. And getting vaccinated is the best way to prevent people from COVID-19.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
3. In our school library there ________ a number of books and the number of them ________ growing larger and larger.
A. is; are B. are; is C. has; is D. have; are
【答案】A B B
4. 原文呈现：With the development of technology, by the year 2100, the journey might only take about 20 minutes in spacecraft that travel at the speed of light. (P52)
①with the development of technology 介词短语在句中作伴随状语，表示一种伴随情况或条件
with the help of him 在他的帮助下
with the rise of social media 随着社交媒体的兴起
with the passage of time 随着时间的流逝
with the support of his parents 在他父母的支持下
With the rapid increase of population, the Earth is becoming more and more crowded.
With the passage of time, the whole thing will be forgotten.
②speed n. 速度 at a/the speed of 以……的速度
at a high/full speed 以高速/全速... at a low speed 以低速. . in speed 迅速，赶快
speed (sped/sped) v. 加速 speed up 加快速度
She was driving at high speed when she had the accident.
You notice that your breathing has sped up a bit.
【牛刀小试】
1. 在家人的支持下，我得以实现我的目标。
_______ ______ ______ ________ my family, I was able to achieve my goals.
2. 火车正以每小时六十英里的速度行驶。
The train is travelling _______ _______ ________ ________ sixty miles an hour.
3. 我已经采取措施加快解决该问题。
I had already taken steps to _____ _______ a solution to the problem.
【答案】1. With the support of 2. at a speed of 3. speed up
5. 原文呈现：Humans cannot survive without water, oxygen or food. (P52)
survive v.
①survive sth 幸免于；从……中挺过来/活过来
②survive on 依靠……生存下来
③A survive B (by ... ) A比B活得长(……)
【拓展】survivor n. 幸存者；生还者 survival n. [U]幸存；[C]残存物
I don’t know how you all manage to survive on Jeremy’s salary (薪水，工资).
As far as I know, the old woman survived her husband by ten years.
If he couldn’t find his way out of the forest, there would be little chance of survival.
【牛刀小试】
1. After he _________ the earthquake, the old man became one of the few ___________ of the family and his ___________ made his old friends very happy. (survive)
【答案】1. survived; survivors; survival
6. 原文呈现：Food would most probably be in the form of pills and would not be so tasty. (P52)
form n. 表格 application form 申请表 full out/complete a form 填表格
form n. 形式 in the form of 以……的形式 take the form of ... 呈现为......表现为…...
form v. 形成 form/develop a habit 养成一个习惯 form a relationship 建立关系
【拓展】含有in的常用短语：
in all directions四面八方；各个方向 in general总的来说；大体上
in place在适当位置；准备妥当 in public公开地；在别人面前
in the lead处于领先地位 in fear恐惧地
in surprise惊讶地 in need 在困难时，在危难之中
in prison在监狱(服刑) in order有序，整齐
in a hurry 匆忙地 in all 总计；一共
in one’s twenties在某人二十多岁时 in one’s life 在某人的一生中
【牛刀小试】
1. Fill in the following________ (form) with the words above.
2. The bad habit which________ in school has a great effect on him. (form)
3. I asked her opinion, but she just asked me a question ________.
A. in addition B. in turn C. in fact D. in return
4. Neither of them wanted to say anything to each other, so they walked home ________.
A. in silence B. in surprise C. at first D. at least
【答案】1. forms 2. was formed 3. D 4. A
7. 原文呈现The gravity on Mars is only about three-eighths of that on the Earth. (P53)
three eighths num. 八分之三
英语中分数的表达法：分子用基数词，分母用序数词；分子大于1时，分母变为复数形式；分子与分母之间可加连字符，也可不加。
注意：分数后面常跟of 短语，作主语时，谓语动词的单复数和of 后面名词的单复数保持一致。
Three fourths of the land is covered by forests in that country.
Three fourths of the students in this university are from China.
【牛刀小试】
1. — About ________ of the students in our class were born under the Year Rabbit.
— Oh, that is to say they were born in _________.
A. four-fifths; the 1999 B. four-fifths; 1999
C. four-fifth; the 1999 D. four-fifth; 1999
2. Nearly ________ of the American children get money from their part-time job.
A. two third B. two three C. two thirds D. second third
3. ________ of the warm water ________ already been used up.
A. Two third, has B. Two thirds, has
C. Two thirds, have D. Two third, have
4. I’m interested in history. ________ of the books on my bookcase ________ about history．
A. Three fifth; are B. Three fifths; are
C. Three fifth; is D. Three fifths; is
【答案】B C B B
8. 原文呈现：People would have to wear boots that are specially designed to prevent themselves floating off into space. (P53)
design v.
①be designed for/ to do sth. 旨在某事/做某事
②design sth for ... 打算......, 为……而设计某物
design n. 设计
③by design=on purpose故意地；蓄意地 (反) by accident= by chance 无意地，意外地
designer n. 设计者
④prevent/stop/keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
The designers designed a children’s playroom for them.
The Hope Project is designed to help those children in need.
We must stop him from throwing the rubbish everywhere.
【牛刀小试】
1. The popular project _____________ (design) to help the disabled.
2. The television programme is designed ________(educate) and not to entertain.
3. The houses are specially designed _______ the old people
4. In order to protect the environment, factories must ________ from pouring waste into the river. (prevent)
5. Wearing masks can prevent people from ___________ a cold. (catch)
【答案】1. was designed 2. to educate 3. for 4. be prevented 5. catching
9. 原文呈现：Compared with life on the Earth, life on Mars would be better in some ways. (P53)
compare v. 比较，对比
compare ... to ... 把......比作 compare ... with ... 把......与......比较
be compared to/with ... 被比作成...... /被拿来比较
The poet compares the woman he loves to a rose.
If you compare his work with hers, you will find hers is much better.
Nothing can be compared with the honesty which is vital (至关重要的) to a person.
【牛刀小试】
1. If you always ________ yourself _______ others, you will miss the wonder who you are.
A. compare; from B. connect; to
C. compare; with D. consider; as
2. _______ your list ______ other students’, you can find the mistakes you have made.
A. Compared; with B. Comparing; with
C. Compare; to D. Compare; with
3. During a long time, we like to ______ the teachers _______ the candles.
A. compare; to B. compare; with
C. regard; as D. regard; with
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A
10. 原文呈现：Every student would have a computer at home connected to an interplanetary network. (P53)
connected to ... 过去分词短语在句中作后置定语
connect v. 连接
connect A to B 将A连接到B上 connect A with B 将A与B连接在一起
be connected with 与......相关，与......有联系，
You need connect a wire to this television.
A railway connects Beijing with Shanghai.
The man must be connected with the accident.
【牛刀小试】
1. The Chinese language has become a bridge to ___________ China ___________ the rest of the world.
A. connect ... to B. translate ... into
C. compare ... with D. separate ... from
2. —I never watch horror films because they are scaring.
—Oh, don’t _______ them _______ your real life.（ ）
A. connect; with B. put; with
C. consider; to D. think; as
3. The high-speed railway ________(connect) Yancheng to Xuzhou will be built next year.
4. There will be a high-speed railway ________(connect) Yancheng to Nanjing.
【答案】A A connecting connecting
11. 原文呈现：Life on Mars would be interesting as well as challenging. (P53)
①challenging adj. 具有挑战性的…... a challenging task 一项具有挑战性的任务
②challenge n. 挑战 face a challenge 面对挑战
take on/accept a challenge 接受挑战 meet a challenge 迎接挑战
③challenge v. 向某人挑战 challenge sb to do sth 挑战某人做某事
The company is ready to meet the challenges of the next few years.
She challenged me to play another tennis game.
【牛刀小试】
1. Finding children for their kids to play with has been the most _____(challenge) task for a modern family.
2. We should keep calm when we deal with the ______(challenge) in our daily life.
3. Tomorrow, the professor ________(challenge) his students to develop and explain their own arguments.
【答案】challenging challenges will challenge
12. 原文呈现：Robots could be of great help to people on Mars ... (P54)
be of great help=be helpful 有很大帮助
be of+抽象名词=be+adj.
be of importance=be important 重要的 be of value=be valuable 有价值的
be of use=be useful 有用的 be of benefit=be beneficial 有好处的
The matter is of great importance. =The matter is very important.
They are of great help to learners of English=They are helpful to learners of English.
【牛刀小试】
1. I think your suggestions are of great ______(valuable) to me and they are well worth taking.
2. I know the ________ of the bird because it’s one of the ________ birds in the world. (important)
3. Eating healthily and exercising regularly is ________ (benefit) to people’s health.
【答案】1. value 2. importance; important 3. beneficial
1
Reading
1. 原文呈现：Our own planet, the Earth, is becoming more and more crowded and polluted because of the rapid increase in population. (P52)
①crowded adj. 拥挤的; 挤满的; 充满的; be crowded with ... 挤满…...
②crowd n. 人群，群众 in the crowd 在人群中 the crowd 人群 a crowd of ... 一群…...
③crowd v. 挤，靠近，涌入 crowd into 涌入 crowd out 挤出 crowd around 围拢
The store was crowded with shoppers
He pushed his way through the crowd.
Long long ago, there was a crowd of antelopes in the forest.
Thousands of people crowded the narrow street.
【牛刀小试】
1. The shop _________ with old people on weekends，but children _________ in the interesting places.
A. crowds; crowded B. crowded; crowds
C. crowded; crowd D. is crowded; crowd
2. My father warned me against going to Beijing during May Day because it was _________(crowd) with tourists．
3. Today，as the world’s urban population explodes，and cities become _______ (crowd) than ever.
4. 每天早上鲁迅公园挤满了锻炼的老人。(crowd)
________________________________________________________.
【答案】1. D 2. crowded 3. more crowded
4. Every morning Lu Xun Park is crowded with old people who exercise
2. 原文呈现：It is hoped that people could start all over again and build a better world on Mars. (P52)
①It is hoped that ... 希望…... It is+done+that ... (人们......，大家…... )
It’s reported that ... 据报道…... It’s believed that ... 相信…...
It’s known that ... 众所周知…... It’s said that ... 据说…...
It’s thought that ... 人们都认为…... It is estimated that ... 据估计…...
②all over again 再；重新 all over 到处，遍及；浑身
all over the world 全世界 spread all over 遍及；遍布各地
all over the place 到处, 各处 all over the lot 混乱地；无条理地
After drinking some wine, I feel warm all over.
The box burst open and its contents flew all over the place.
【牛刀小试】
1. 据说, 一个新的建筑即将在此地建成。
_________ _________ ___________ a new building will be built in the place.
2. 据说之后不久就开始下雨了。
________ ________ _________ soon afterward it began to rain.
3. 世界各地的人们都与家人和朋友一起庆祝新年。
People _________ _________ ________ _______ _______ celebrate the New Year with their family and friends.
【答案】1. It’s said that 2. It’s reported that 3. in all over the world
3. 原文呈现：At present, our spacecraft are too slow to carry numbers of passengers to Mars. (P52)
numbers of 许多的，大量的 修饰复数可数名词。
①a number of 一些；许多的；若干的，后接可数名词复数, number前面可以用large或small等词修饰，表示程度。做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，
②the number of ……的数量，后面接可数名词复数。作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。
A number of parents have voiced concern about their children’s safety.
The number of students has been falling off recently.
【牛刀小试】
1. —How many teachers are there in your school
—________ them ________ over one hundred.
A. The number of; is B. The number of; has
C. A number of; are D. A number of; have
2. —A large number of people in our country ________ getting vaccinated (接种疫苗) these days.
—Yes. And getting vaccinated is the best way to prevent people from COVID-19.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
3. In our school library there ________ a number of books and the number of them ________ growing larger and larger.
A. is; are B. are; is C. has; is D. have; are
【答案】A B B
4. 原文呈现：With the development of technology, by the year 2100, the journey might only take about 20 minutes in spacecraft that travel at the speed of light. (P52)
①with the development of technology 介词短语在句中作伴随状语，表示一种伴随情况或条件
with the help of him 在他的帮助下
with the rise of social media 随着社交媒体的兴起
with the passage of time 随着时间的流逝
with the support of his parents 在他父母的支持下
With the rapid increase of population, the Earth is becoming more and more crowded.
With the passage of time, the whole thing will be forgotten.
②speed n. 速度 at a/the speed of 以……的速度
at a high/full speed 以高速/全速... at a low speed 以低速. . in speed 迅速，赶快
speed (sped/sped) v. 加速 speed up 加快速度
She was driving at high speed when she had the accident.
You notice that your breathing has sped up a bit.
【牛刀小试】
1. 在家人的支持下，我得以实现我的目标。
_______ ______ ______ ________ my family, I was able to achieve my goals.
2. 火车正以每小时六十英里的速度行驶。
The train is travelling _______ _______ ________ ________ sixty miles an hour.
3. 我已经采取措施加快解决该问题。
I had already taken steps to _____ _______ a solution to the problem.
【答案】1. With the support of 2. at a speed of 3. speed up
5. 原文呈现：Humans cannot survive without water, oxygen or food. (P52)
survive v.
①survive sth 幸免于；从……中挺过来/活过来
②survive on 依靠……生存下来
③A survive B (by ... ) A比B活得长(……)
【拓展】survivor n. 幸存者；生还者 survival n. [U]幸存；[C]残存物
I don’t know how you all manage to survive on Jeremy’s salary (薪水，工资).
As far as I know, the old woman survived her husband by ten years.
If he couldn’t find his way out of the forest, there would be little chance of survival.
【牛刀小试】
1. After he _________ the earthquake, the old man became one of the few ___________ of the family and his ___________ made his old friends very happy. (survive)
【答案】1. survived; survivors; survival
6. 原文呈现：Food would most probably be in the form of pills and would not be so tasty. (P52)
form n. 表格 application form 申请表 full out/complete a form 填表格
form n. 形式 in the form of 以……的形式 take the form of ... 呈现为......表现为…...
form v. 形成 form/develop a habit 养成一个习惯 form a relationship 建立关系
【拓展】含有in的常用短语：
in all directions四面八方；各个方向 in general总的来说；大体上
in place在适当位置；准备妥当 in public公开地；在别人面前
in the lead处于领先地位 in fear恐惧地
in surprise惊讶地 in need 在困难时，在危难之中
in prison在监狱(服刑) in order有序，整齐
in a hurry 匆忙地 in all 总计；一共
in one’s twenties在某人二十多岁时 in one’s life 在某人的一生中
【牛刀小试】
1. Fill in the following________ (form) with the words above.
2. The bad habit which________ in school has a great effect on him. (form)
3. I asked her opinion, but she just asked me a question ________.
A. in addition B. in turn C. in fact D. in return
4. Neither of them wanted to say anything to each other, so they walked home ________.
A. in silence B. in surprise C. at first D. at least
【答案】1. forms 2. was formed 3. D 4. A
7. 原文呈现The gravity on Mars is only about three-eighths of that on the Earth. (P53)
three eighths num. 八分之三
英语中分数的表达法：分子用基数词，分母用序数词；分子大于1时，分母变为复数形式；分子与分母之间可加连字符，也可不加。
注意：分数后面常跟of 短语，作主语时，谓语动词的单复数和of 后面名词的单复数保持一致。
Three fourths of the land is covered by forests in that country.
Three fourths of the students in this university are from China.
【牛刀小试】
1. — About ________ of the students in our class were born under the Year Rabbit.
— Oh, that is to say they were born in _________.
A. four-fifths; the 1999 B. four-fifths; 1999
C. four-fifth; the 1999 D. four-fifth; 1999
2. Nearly ________ of the American children get money from their part-time job.
A. two third B. two three C. two thirds D. second third
3. ________ of the warm water ________ already been used up.
A. Two third, has B. Two thirds, has
C. Two thirds, have D. Two third, have
4. I’m interested in history. ________ of the books on my bookcase ________ about history．
A. Three fifth; are B. Three fifths; are
C. Three fifth; is D. Three fifths; is
【答案】B C B B
8. 原文呈现：People would have to wear boots that are specially designed to prevent themselves floating off into space. (P53)
design v.
①be designed for/ to do sth. 旨在某事/做某事
②design sth for ... 打算......, 为……而设计某物
design n. 设计
③by design=on purpose故意地；蓄意地 (反) by accident= by chance 无意地，意外地
designer n. 设计者
④prevent/stop/keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
The designers designed a children’s playroom for them.
The Hope Project is designed to help those children in need.
We must stop him from throwing the rubbish everywhere.
【牛刀小试】
1. The popular project _____________ (design) to help the disabled.
2. The television programme is designed ________(educate) and not to entertain.
3. The houses are specially designed _______ the old people
4. In order to protect the environment, factories must ________ from pouring waste into the river. (prevent)
5. Wearing masks can prevent people from ___________ a cold. (catch)
【答案】1. was designed 2. to educate 3. for 4. be prevented 5. catching
9. 原文呈现：Compared with life on the Earth, life on Mars would be better in some ways. (P53)
compare v. 比较，对比
compare ... to ... 把......比作 compare ... with ... 把......与......比较
be compared to/with ... 被比作成...... /被拿来比较
The poet compares the woman he loves to a rose.
If you compare his work with hers, you will find hers is much better.
Nothing can be compared with the honesty which is vital (至关重要的) to a person.
【牛刀小试】
1. If you always ________ yourself _______ others, you will miss the wonder who you are.
A. compare; from B. connect; to
C. compare; with D. consider; as
2. _______ your list ______ other students’, you can find the mistakes you have made.
A. Compared; with B. Comparing; with
C. Compare; to D. Compare; with
3. During a long time, we like to ______ the teachers _______ the candles.
A. compare; to B. compare; with
C. regard; as D. regard; with
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A
10. 原文呈现：Every student would have a computer at home connected to an interplanetary network. (P53)
connected to ... 过去分词短语在句中作后置定语
connect v. 连接
connect A to B 将A连接到B上 connect A with B 将A与B连接在一起
be connected with 与......相关，与......有联系，
You need connect a wire to this television.
A railway connects Beijing with Shanghai.
The man must be connected with the accident.
【牛刀小试】
1. The Chinese language has become a bridge to ___________ China ___________ the rest of the world.
A. connect ... to B. translate ... into
C. compare ... with D. separate ... from
2. —I never watch horror films because they are scaring.
—Oh, don’t _______ them _______ your real life.（ ）
A. connect; with B. put; with
C. consider; to D. think; as
3. The high-speed railway ________(connect) Yancheng to Xuzhou will be built next year.
4. There will be a high-speed railway ________(connect) Yancheng to Nanjing.
【答案】A A connecting connecting
11. 原文呈现：Life on Mars would be interesting as well as challenging. (P53)
①challenging adj. 具有挑战性的…... a challenging task 一项具有挑战性的任务
②challenge n. 挑战 face a challenge 面对挑战
take on/accept a challenge 接受挑战 meet a challenge 迎接挑战
③challenge v. 向某人挑战 challenge sb to do sth 挑战某人做某事
The company is ready to meet the challenges of the next few years.
She challenged me to play another tennis game.
【牛刀小试】
1. Finding children for their kids to play with has been the most _____(challenge) task for a modern family.
2. We should keep calm when we deal with the ______(challenge) in our daily life.
3. Tomorrow, the professor ________(challenge) his students to develop and explain their own arguments.
【答案】challenging challenges will challenge
12. 原文呈现：Robots could be of great help to people on Mars ... (P54)
be of great help=be helpful 有很大帮助
be of+抽象名词=be+adj.
be of importance=be important 重要的 be of value=be valuable 有价值的
be of use=be useful 有用的 be of benefit=be beneficial 有好处的
The matter is of great importance. =The matter is very important.
They are of great help to learners of English=They are helpful to learners of English.
【牛刀小试】
1. I think your suggestions are of great ______(valuable) to me and they are well worth taking.
2. I know the ________ of the bird because it’s one of the ________ birds in the world. (important)
3. Eating healthily and exercising regularly is ________ (benefit) to people’s health.
【答案】1. value 2. importance; important 3. beneficial
1