高中英语必修二Unit 1 Cultural Heritage知识点及其练习

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高中英语必修二Unit 1 Cultural Heritage知识点及其练习
一、词汇解析
1. former adj. 以前的； （两者中）前者的
in former times 从前
former president 前总统
former husband 前夫
the former… the latter… 前者……后者……
2. preserve vt. 保存；保护；维持n. 保护区
preserve…from… 保护……免于……
preserve the peace 维护和平
preserver n. 保护人；维护者
preservation n. 维护；保护；保持；保存
3. promote vt. 促进；提升；推销；晋级
promote sb. to 提升某人为……
be promoted to. . . 被提升为……
be promoted to. . . 晋级为……
promote their new books 促销他们的新书
promotion n. 提升；提拔；晋升；晋级；升级；促销活动
4. application n. 申请（表）； 用途；运用；应用（程序）
an application form 申请表
an application for. . . ……的申请
apply (to. . . ) for. . . (向······)申请……
apply v. 申请；运用；应用； (对……) 适用；专心致志
apply to. . . 适用于……
apply. . .to. . . 把……应用到……
apply oneself (to doing sth. ) 专心致志（做某事）
applicant n. 申请人
application意为“应用程序”时，可以缩写成app。
5. take part in 参与（某事）； 参加（某活动）
take part in = participate in
play a part in 参与
辨析： join/join in/take part in/attend
（1）join表示加入某个组织或党派，也可后接某人表示“和某人一起”；
（2）join in表示参加某项活动，此时可以与take part in互换；
（3）attend表示参加某种会议或仪式活动。
相关短语：
take down写下；记下
take in 吸收；接纳；欺骗
take on 承担；呈现
take apart拆卸；拆开
take away 带走；减去
take over 接收；接管
6. give way to 让步；屈服
feel one’s way 摸索着前进；小心从事
make one’s way(to) （朝……）前进
相关短语：
giveaway 赠送；泄露
give in 屈服，让步；上交
give up 放弃；投降
give off 发出（光、热、声音、气体等）
give out分发；垮掉；发出（热、声音、信号等）
7. balance n. 平衡；均匀vt. 使平衡
keep a balance between… and… 保持……与……之间的平衡
balance A with/and B 同等重视/兼顾……和……
keep (one's) balance 保持平衡
lose (one's) balance 失去平衡；摔倒
8. lead to 导致
lead sb. to … 引导某人去……（地方）
lead sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事
lead to sb. doing sth. 导致某人做某事
lead a. . .life 过……的生活
lead the way 领路；带路；处于领先地位
lead sb. to/into. . . 引领某人去/进入……
lead n. 领先地位
take the lead 领先
in the lead 处于领先地位
9. proposal n. 提议；建议
agree to sb’s proposal 同意某人的建议
10. likely adj. 可能的adv. 可能地
be likely to do… 可能做某事
It's likely that… 很可能……
It is unlikely that…不太可能……
11. turn to 向……求助
相关短语：
turn on 打开
turn off关闭
turn in交上；提交
turn down调低；拒绝
turn up调高；出现
turn out结果是；证明是
12. limit n. 限度；限制 vt. 限制；限定
limit to 把……限制在……内（to时介词）
be limited to… 被限制在……
beyond/over the limit 超过限度
within limits 在某种程度上；有一定限制
set a limit on. . . 对……设限
There is a limit to… 有对……的限制
13. prevent vt. 阻止；阻碍；阻挠
prevention n.阻止
prevent sb./sth. 阻止某人或某物
prevent...from.... 阻止……做……
14. loss n. 丧失；损失
at a loss 茫然；不知所措
suffer a loss (of…) 蒙受（……的）损失
loss of sight 失明
lose vt. 失去
be lost in 全神贯注；沉浸于
15. contribution n. 捐款；贡献；捐赠
contribute vt. & vi. 捐献；捐赠
contribute to 为…….捐献/撰稿；导致；促成
contribute… to… 向……捐献/赠……；投稿
make great contributions to (doing) sth. 对（做）某事做出了巨大的贡献
16. within prep. & adv. （某段时间、距离或范围）之内
within one's reach 在某人伸手可及的范围之内
within one's power 在某人的能力范围之内
17. conduct n.行为；举止；管理方法vt. 组织；安排；带领
under the conduct of 在……管理/指导下
cheating conduct 舞弊/欺诈行为
conduct sb. into/to 领某人进入/到……
conduct sb. over/around 引导某人参观……
conduct an interview/survey 采访/调查
conduct a study/research 进行研究/调查
conduct activities 组织活动
conduct oneself well/ badly 举止（表现）好差
18. donate vt. （尤指向慈善机构）捐赠；赠送；献（血）
donate… to… 向……捐赠……
donate blood 献血
make donations to… 向……捐赠
19. attempt n. & vt. 企图；试图；尝试
attempt to do 努力/尝试做
make an attempt to do/at doing sth. 尝试做某事
make an attempt at/on… 尝试……
one's first attempt at/on... 某人第一次尝试……
20. make sure 确保；设法保证；（把某事）弄清楚；查明
make sure of (doing) sth. 确保（做）某事
make sure that... 确保/查明……
be sure of/about...肯定/确信……
be sure that... 确信……
for sure无疑；肯定
21. worthwhile adj. 值得做的；值得花时间的
It is worthwhile doing/ to do sth. 值得做某事
worthwhile可以单独作表语或定语（句子成分）
22. entrance n. 入口；进入
at the entrance to… 在……的入口处
entrance fee 入场费
make one's entrance into… 进入……
23. process n. 过程；进程；步骤 vt. 处理；加工
in process 在进行中
in the process of 在……过程中
in the process 同时
be processed into. . . 被制成……
24. forgive vt. & vi. 原谅；宽恕 vt. 对不起；请原谅
forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 原谅某人（做了）某事
forgive sb. sth. 原谅某人某事
forgive and forget 不念旧恶；不记仇
forgiveness n. 宽恕；原谅
ask/ beg/ pray for (sb's) forgiveness 请求（某人的）原谅
forgiving adj. 宽宏大量的；宽容的
forgiving nature宽厚的天性
25. throughout prep. 各处；遍及；自始至终
throughout the world 遍及世界各地
throughout the year 一年到头
26. quality n. 质量；品质；素质；特征 adj. 优质的；高质量的
be of good/high quality 高/好质量
quality and quantity 质量和数量
quality guarantee 品质保障
core quality 核心素养
quality products优质产品
quality-oriented education 素质教育
27. tradition n. 传统；传统的信仰或风俗
It is a tradition to do sth. / that… 做某事/……是一种传统
by tradition 按照传统风俗
traditional adj. 传统的；惯例的
28. historic adj. 历史上著名（或重要）的；有史时期的
historical adj. （有关）历史的；历史题材的
prehistoric adj. 史前的
29. opinion n. 意见；想法；看法
in one’s opinion 在某人看来
have a good/ bad/ high/ low opinion of 对……评价好/不好/高/低
what is one’s opinion (on/about…) 某人（对……）的看法是什么？
be of the opinion that… 相信；认为……
parison n. 比较；相比
by /in comparison (with sb./ sth.) （与某人/某物）相比较
a comparison of A and /to / with B A与B的比较
31. contrast n. 对比；对照
by contrast 对比之下，相反
in contrast to/ with 和……形成对比，和……对照
contrast A with B 比较A和B
in contrast 比较起来；与此相反
32. identify vt.确认；认出；找到
identify sb. doing sth. 确认某人做某事
identify oneself as 自称是……
二、习题训练
1.We can only tell good from bad by _____ (compare).
2.He was too far away to be able to _____ (identity) his face.
3.The _______(tradition) breakfast in this area includes bacon and eggs.
4.Don't you think it worthwhile _______(donate) blood to help those in need
5.The _______ as a doctor is admired, and you have become a _______. Congratulations! (profession)
6.With the development of ______ (数字的）technology, sound and video can now be stored either on a PC or on the Internet.
7.Please write to me soon and tell me your _____ (意见) about it.
8.The Chinese hope that the world is at peace _____ (永远).
9.It is a _____ (传统）that women get married in red in most places of China.
10.In the _____ (过程) of growth，we need to understand our parents.
11.I plan to fix a lamp in the kitchen and a new (镜子) for the bathroom.
12.In China, the idea of the _____ (龙) may have come from the alligator.
13.He told us that his _____ (屋顶) needed to be repaired.
14. 用方框内所给单词的适当形式填空。
compare, contrast, far, identify, image, paraphrase, quality, quote, tradition, throughout
1.America is _______ than Japan, but it is beneficial for our _______ study abroad.
2.He has a _______ view of women that they can't enter jobs _______ done by men.
3.You are a public figure, so you should know how to improve your personal
4.When _______ carefully, the human heart is weak in _______ with other organs.
5.He is a young man with fine _______, and completely _______ for the position.
6._______ winter, bears sleep under snow until the weather becomes warm enough for them to wake up.
7.The police have already _______ about 10 murder suspects.
8.She likes _______ lines from her favourite poems. With these _______, she can express her feelings better.
9.Would you _______ the sentence for me I really can't understand it.
10.Though there are similarities in the two cultures, there are also great _______.
15.
Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the 1 (protect) of cultural sites can be a big challenge. Big challenges, however, can sometimes lead 2 great solutions. In 3 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam across the Nile in order 4 (control) floods, produce electricity, and supply water to more 5 (farmer) in the area. But the proposal led to protests 6 water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics. After 7 (listen) to the scientists who 8 (study) the problem, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959.
A committee 9 (establish) to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics. Finally, the work began in 1960.
When the project ended in 1980, it was considered a great success. Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a 10 (good) tomorrow.
答案
1.答案：comparison
解析：考查词性转换.句意:我们只能通过比较辨别 好坏. by comparison相比较.
2.答案：identify
解析：考查词性转换.句意:他离得太远,没法识别面孔. be able to后跟动词原形.
3.答案：traditional
解析：考查词性转换.句意:这个地区传统的早餐包括熏猪肉和鸡蛋.此处作定语修饰名词breakfast,故用形容词。
4.答案：donating/to donate
5.答案：profession, professional
6.答案：digital
7.答案：opinion
8.答案：forever
9.答案：tradition
10.答案：process
11.答案：mirror
12.答案：dragon
13.答案：roof
14.答案：1. farther, further 2. traditional, traditionally 3. image 4. compared, comparison 5. qualities, qualified 6. Throughout 7. identified 8. quoting, quotations 9. paraphrase 10. contrast
15.答案：l. protection 2.to 3.the 4.to control 5.farmers 6.because 7.listening 8.had studied 9.was established 10.better
解析：l. protection考查词性转换。定冠词the修饰名词，故用名词形式。
2.to考查介词。lead to导致。
3.the考查冠词。在年代前应用定冠词。in the 1950s在二十 世纪五十年代。
4.to control考查固定搭配。in order to do sth.为了做某事。
5.farmers考查名词复数。farmer为可数名词，此处被more修 饰，因此应用复数形式。
6.because考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处表示原 因，故用because引导原因状语从句。
7.listening考查非谓语动词。介词after后应用动名词。
8.had studied考查动词的时态。此处表示过去的过去，因此 用过去完成时。
9.was established考查动词的时态和语态。主语committee与 establish之间为被动关系，由上下文语境可知，设空处动作发 生在过去，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。
10.better考查形容词的比较级。此处暗含比较，因此应使用 比较级。
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