(共38张PPT)
现在完成时
The Present Perfect Tense
Have you had your lunch yet
Yes, I have. I’ve just had it.
中午,打完球的小黑回到教室放下东西准备去吃饭,看到还在教室里的小白。
I’m going to have lunch.
Have you had your lunch yet
Yes, I have. I’ve just had it.
Think and Answer
1. 女孩吃饭的动作发生在什么时候?
2. 女孩的回答除了说吃过了,还有其他含义吗?
发生在过去。
现在不吃了,你自己去吧。
Yes, I have. I’ve just had it.
Think and Answer
1. 女孩吃饭的动作发生在什么时候?
2. 女孩现在还需要吃饭吗?
发生在过去。
不需要吃了。
now
past
future
Yes, I have. I’ve just had it.
now
past
future
I’ve had it, so I needn’t have it now.
影响
表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
现在完成时定义
1. 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
2. 表示动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始,一直延续到现在,而且还有可能继续下去。
1. 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
I have cleaned my room.
我已经打扫过房间了。
表示之前打扫了,房子现在是干净的。
I have seen the movie before.
我已经看过这部电影了。
表示之前看过了,现在不想看了。
E.g.
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
2. 表示动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始,一直延续到现在,而且还有可能继续下去。
I have known Bob for three years.
我已经认识鲍勃三年了。
过去三年认识,以后也认识。
I have lived here since 2001.
我从2001年就住在这里。
从2001年持续到现在。
E.g.
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
already 已经(肯定句),yet 还(否定句和疑问句), never 从来没有, just 刚才,ever 曾经, before 在...之前, so far/up to now/until now 到目前为止, recently/ lately 最近,in/during/over past/last few years在过去的几年里 since 自从 ,for+段时间 表示一段时间
eg: He has just come .
Have you ever been to the farm?
The woman has never heard of that before.
So far, we have visited the moon.
Signal Words
already
已经(肯定句)
yet
never
从来没有
just
刚才
ever
曾经
before
在...之前
so far/up to now/until now
到目前为止
recently/lately
最近
in/during/over past/last few years
在过去的几年里
since
自从
for+段时间
表示一段时间
已经(疑问句) 还(否定句)
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
already 已经(肯定句),yet 还(否定句和疑问句), never 从来没有, just 刚才,ever 曾经, before 在...之前, so far/up to now/until now 到目前为止, recently/ lately 最近,in/during/over past/last few years在过去的几年里 since 自从 ,for+段时间 表示一段时间
eg: He has just come .
Have you ever been to the farm?
The woman has never heard of that before.
So far, we have visited the moon.
Signal Words
已经(肯定句)
从来没有
刚才
曾经
在...之前
到目前为止
最近
在过去的几年里
自从
表示一段时间
already
yet
never
just
ever
before
so far/up to now/until now
recently/lately
in/during/over past/last few years
since
for+段时间
已经(疑问句) 还(否定句)
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
already 已经(肯定句),yet 还(否定句和疑问句), never 从来没有, just 刚才,ever 曾经, before 在...之前, so far/up to now/until now 到目前为止, recently/ lately 最近,in/during/over past/last few years在过去的几年里 since 自从 ,for+段时间 表示一段时间
eg: He has just come .
Have you ever been to the farm?
The woman has never heard of that before.
So far, we have visited the moon.
Signal Words
已经(肯定句)
从来没有
刚才
曾经
在...之前
到目前为止
最近
在过去的几年里
自从
表示一段时间
already
yet
never
just
ever
before
so far/up to now/until now
recently/lately
in/during/over past/last few years
since
for+段时间
已经(疑问句) 还(否定句)
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
already 已经(肯定句),yet 还(否定句和疑问句), never 从来没有, just 刚才,ever 曾经, before 在...之前, so far/up to now/until now 到目前为止, recently/ lately 最近,in/during/over past/last few years在过去的几年里 since 自从 ,for+段时间 表示一段时间
eg: He has just come .
Have you ever been to the farm?
The woman has never heard of that before.
So far, we have visited the moon.
Signal Words
已经(肯定句)
从来没有
刚才
曾经
在...之前
到目前为止
最近
在过去的几年里
自从
表示一段时间
already
just
ever
recently/lately
since
for+段时间
yet
never
before
so far/up to now/until now
in/during/over past/last few years
已经(疑问句) 还(否定句)
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
already 已经(肯定句),yet 还(否定句和疑问句), never 从来没有, just 刚才,ever 曾经, before 在...之前, so far/up to now/until now 到目前为止, recently/ lately 最近,in/during/over past/last few years在过去的几年里 since 自从 ,for+段时间 表示一段时间
eg: He has just come .
Have you ever been to the farm?
The woman has never heard of that before.
So far, we have visited the moon.
Signal Words
已经(肯定句)
从来没有
刚才
曾经
在...之前
到目前为止
最近
在过去的几年里
自从
表示一段时间
already
just
ever
recently/lately
since
for+段时间
yet
never
before
so far/up to now/until now
in/during/over past/last few years
已经(疑问句) 还(否定句)
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
already 已经(肯定句),yet 还(否定句和疑问句), never 从来没有, just 刚才,ever 曾经, before 在...之前, so far/up to now/until now 到目前为止, recently/ lately 最近,in/during/over past/last few years在过去的几年里 since 自从 ,for+段时间 表示一段时间
eg: He has just come .
Have you ever been to the farm?
The woman has never heard of that before.
So far, we have visited the moon.
Signal Words
已经(肯定句)
already
刚才
just
曾经
ever
最近
recently/lately
自从
since
表示一段时间
for+段时间
yet
从来没有
never
在...之前
before
到目前为止
so far/up to now/until now
在过去的几年里
in/during/over past/last few years
E.g.
He has just come .
Have you ever been to the farm?
The woman has never heard of that before.
So far, we have visited the moon.
已经(疑问句) 还(否定句)
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
Signal Words
已经(肯定句)
already
自从
since
表示一段时间
for+段时间
已经(疑问句) 还(否定句)
yet
I have already finished reading the book.
I haven’t finished reading the book yet.
Have you finished reading the book yet
我已经读完这本书了。
我还没读完这本书。
你已经读完这本书了吗?
My uncle has worked at this factory for five years.
我的叔叔已经在这个工厂工作5年了。
My uncle has worked at this factory since five years ago. / 2018.
肯定句
否定句
一般疑问句
+时间点
+从句
+段时间+ago
My uncle has worked at this factory since he moved here.
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
基本结构
主语+助动词have/has + done (动词的过去分词)
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
基本结构
主语+助动词have/has + done (动词的过去分词)
基本结构产生的句式变化
肯定句:
否定句:
一般疑问句:
特殊疑问句:
主语+have/has +done sth.
主语+haven’t/ hasn’t +done sth.
Have/has + 主语+done sth
特殊疑问词+ have/has+ 主语+done sth
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
肯定句:
主语+have/has +done sth.
否定句:
主语+haven’t/ hasn’t +done sth.
一般疑问句:
Have/has + 主语+done sth
特殊疑问句:
特殊疑问词+ have/has+ 主语+done sth
I have already finished my homework .
I haven’t finished my homework yet.
Have you finished your homework
Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
How long have they been here
我已经做完作业了。
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
1. 规则变化与动词过去式的变化规则相同。
2. 不规则变化没有规律,需要逐个记忆。
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
1. 规则变化与动词过去式的变化规则相同。
2. 不规则变化没有规律,需要逐个记忆。
规则 例词
一般直接在词尾加上ed。
以不发音的e结尾的动词,直接加d。
以辅音字母加y结尾的,y变成i加ed。
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写尾字母加ed。
look - looked
live - lived
study - studied
stop - stopped
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
2. 不规则变化没有规律,需要逐个记忆。
cut – cut - cut
AAA型
ABB型
ABA型
ABC型
lend – lent - lent
come – came - come
go – went - gone
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
Irregular Verbs chart is on the last page of English book.
Keep them in your mind.
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
1. 写出下列动词的过去分词。
finished
finish
work
help
plan
worked
helped
planned
stop
live
carry
draw
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
1. 写出下列动词的过去分词。
stopped
stop
live
carry
draw
lived
carried
drawn
begin
eat
fall
keep
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
1. 写出下列动词的过去分词。
begun
begin
eat
fall
keep
eaten
fallen
kept
know
lose
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
1. 写出下列动词的过去分词。
known
know
lose
lost
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
2. 转换句型
① I’ve already arrived.(一般疑问句)
② He has just finished the task.(否定句)
③ Mr. Green has taught us for 3 years.(划线部分提问)
______ you __________ ______
He ________ __________ the task ______.
______ _______ _______ Mr. Green _________ us
Have
arrived
yet
hasn’t
finished
yet
How
long
has
taught
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
3. 语法填空
① I ___________( give) my friend a nice book recently.
② He ____________(teach) in our school for two years.
③ I ______never _________(travel ) by plane before.
have given
④ I _______________(work) here since I ________(move) here in 1999.
has taught
have
traveled
have worked
moved
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
1. have gone to, have been to, have been in
have been to 强调“曾经去过…”,现已不在那里,已经回来了。
have gone to 主要强调的是“去了…”,可能在去的途中,或在去的目的地。
have been in 表示某人“已在某地停留一段时间,现仍在那里”,其后常带表示一段时间的状语。
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
① Mike and his parents ______________ the north for half a year.
② Mom is not at home now. She _____________ the shop.
③ I _______________ this school since three years ago.
Exercise
have been in
has gone to
have been to
1. have gone to, have been to, have been in
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
2. 瞬间动词 (buy, die, join, come, go, leave …) 不能直接与for, since, how long 等表示时间段的词连用,若需要,要变为相应的延续性动词。
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
2. 瞬间动词 (buy, die, join, come, go, leave, join …) 不能直接与for, since, how long 等表示时间段的词连用,若需要,要变为相应的延续性动词。
常见的瞬间动词和延续性动词转换:
buy – have
borrow – keep
come/arrive/reach/get to – be here/there/in
go out – be out
leave – be away
begin/start – be on
finish – be over
open – be open
close – be closed
die – be dead
join – be in / be a member of
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
常见的瞬间动词和延续性动词转换:
buy – have
borrow – keep
come/arrive/reach/get to – be here/there/in
go out – be out
leave – be away
begin/start – be on
finish – be over
open – be open
close – be closed
die – be dead
join – be in / be a member of
① I have bought the book before.
② I have bought the book for 2 days.
I have had the book for 2 days.
E.g.
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
常见的瞬间动词和延续性动词转换:
buy – have
borrow – keep
come/arrive/reach/get to – be here/there/in
go out – be out
leave – be away
begin/start – be on
finish – be over
open – be open
close – be closed
die – be dead
join – be in / be a member of
① He has come here for 2 weeks.
② The old man has died for 4 months.
③ They have left only for 5 minutes.
T or F
He _____ ______ here for 2 weeks.
The old man has ______ _______ for 4 months.
They have _____ _____ only for 5 minutes
has
been
been
dead
been
away
F
F
F
定义
标志词
结构
过去分词变化规则
练习
重难点辨析
3. 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别。
一般过去时: 主要强调动作发生在过去的某个时间,与现在没有关系。
现在完成时: 跨越过去和现在两个时间段,动作发生在过去,强调对现在造成影响,或动作还有持续下去的可能。
E.g.
I bought this book last year.
I have already bought this book.
(只强调这本书是去年买的)
(我过去买的这本书,对现在的影响是不用再买了)
定义
结构
重难点辨析
1. 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
2. 表示动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始,一直延续到现在,而且还有可能继续下去。
主语+助动词have/has + done (动词的过去分词)
肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句
特殊疑问句
1. have gone to, have been to, have been in
2. 瞬间动词不能直接与表示时间段的词连用,若需要,要变为相应的延续性动词.
3. 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别。
Summary
标志词
already; yet;
since; for
…
1. 规则变化与动词过去式的变化规则相同。
2. 不规则变化没有规律,需要逐个记忆。
过去分词变化规则
The man who has made up his mind to win will never say “impossible”.
凡是决心取得胜利的人是从来不说"不可能的"。
— Bonaparte Napoleon ,French emperor
THANKS