牛津译林版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 2 Natural disasters Welcome to the unit & Reading 学案（含答案）

B3 U2 Welcome to the unit & Reading学案
重点词汇诠释
1 injure vt.伤害，使受伤；损害
(1)injured adj. 受伤的；委屈的
be/get badly/seriously injured 严重受伤
the injured 受伤的人；伤员
(2)injury n. (身体上的)伤；损伤；(情感上的)伤害
suffer an injury 受伤
do oneself an injury 伤害自己
a head/leg/knee injury 头部/腿部/膝盖受伤
She injured her arm in the accident.她在事故中胳膊受了伤。
His behavior seriously injured the company's reputation.
他的行为严重损害了公司的声誉。
In the railway accident 300 people were injured.
在那起火车事故中有300人受伤。
Many of the injured are still in a serious condition.
很多伤者仍然情况危殆。
If you exercise like that, you will do yourself an injury!
你如果那样锻炼的话，会把自己弄伤的！
单句语法填空
①He was badly ________ (injure) when he was cycling along the valley.
②He suffered ________ (injure) to his legs and arms when he fell off the tree.
2 reaction n．[C，U]反应；回应……
(1)reaction to 对……的反应
in reaction to 作为对……的反应；针对……
(2)react vi. (作出)反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应；起化学反应
react to 对……作出反应
react against 反对；反抗
What was her reaction to the news
她对这个消息的反应如何？
I wonder how he would react if I were to read my newspaper out loud on the train.
我想知道如果我在火车上大声读报纸，他会作何反应。
How did they react to your suggestion
他们对你的建议有什么反应？
Many young people react against traditional values.
单句语法填空/完成句子
①In the past, there was often an automatic ________ (react) to increased traffic: just widen the roads.
②Hearing how others react ________ the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.
③This type of flower changes direction ________ reaction to the light.
④What was the audience's ____________________ (反应) the concert
⑤He ________________ (反抗) his father's influence by becoming a professional football player.
3 in case意为“以防万一；如果，假使”，可单独使用，也可引导从句
in case of 假使……，要是……
in this/that case 如果这样/那样的话
in any case 无论如何
in no case 决不，在任何情况下都不(位于句首时引起部分倒装)
I took my driving license with me on holiday, in case I wanted to hire a car.
度假时我随身带了驾照，以防我想要租车。
In case he arrives before I get back, please ask him to wait.
如果我回来前他就到了，请叫他等我。
I guess we've already talked about this but I'll ask you again just in case.
我想我们已经谈过这个问题了，不过以防万一，我要再问你一次。
In case of any difficulty, call me at once.
如有任何困难，立即给我打电话。
There's no coffee left In that case I'll have tea.
没咖啡了？既然如此，我就喝茶吧。
　单句语法填空
①Leave for work a few minutes ahead of schedule. This will keep you calm in case ________ delays, and you can spend a few extra minutes ________ (get) ready for the day.
②________ is often the case, Tom is the first to arrive at the classroom and the last one to leave.
③The doctor shares his phone number with the patients ________ case they need medical assistance.
4 crash n．[C]撞车；坠机；突然发出的巨响　v．(车)碰撞；(飞机)坠毁；猛撞；(计算机、系统等)崩溃；(在体育比赛中)惨败；暴跌
(1)a train/car crash 火车/汽车撞车事故
a plane/an air crash 飞机失事
(2)crash (sth.) into... (使某物)撞上……
His elder son was killed in a car crash a few years ago.
他的大儿子几年前死于一场车祸。
Two people recalled hearing a loud crash about 1：30 am.
两人回忆说大约凌晨1：30时听到一声巨响。
Her car crashed into the rear of a van.
她的汽车撞到了一辆小型货车的尾部。
Files can be lost if the system suddenly crashes.
要是计算机系统突然崩溃，文件就可能丢失。
The team crashed to their worst defeat this season.
那支队遭受了本赛季最严重的一次惨败。
　判断下列句子中crash的词性及含义/完成句子
①I was looking for information on the Internet when the computer crashed．________________
②Davis admitted that his car crashed into his neighbor's garden and promised to take responsibility for that.________________
③The woman hurt in the car crash is still under treatment in hospital.________________
④The first distant crash of thunder shook the people in the airplane.________________
⑤这个5岁的男孩是115名乘客中唯一从这次严重的飞机失事中幸存下来的。
The 5 year old boy was the only one among the 115 passengers to survive ______________________________．
5 signal vi.& vt.发信号，示意；标志
(1)signal (to) sb./sth. to do sth. 示意某人/某物做某事
signal that... 示意……；表明……
(2)n.信号，暗号；标志；信号灯
send/give out a signal 发送信号
a danger signal 危险信号
a warning signal 警告信号
an alarm signal 报警信号
a clear signal 清晰的信号
receive/pick up a signal 接收信号
traffic signals 交通信号灯
The police signalled the traffic to move forward slowly.
警察向来往车辆打信号，示意缓慢前行。
She signalled that she was about to turn left.
她打信号灯表示她要左转了。
When she got up from the table, it was obviously the signal for us to leave.
她从桌边站起来，这显然是要我们离开。
Chest pains can be a warning signal of heart problem.
胸部疼痛可能是心脏病的报警信号。
单句语法填空/完成句子
①In order not to be heard, she pointed her finger upwards to signal ________ someone was moving about upstairs.
②The resident seems to be signalling ________ us with his arm.
③The judge ________________ (向……示意) a police officer and the man was led away.
④The president's remark ________________________ (表明) the policy had a great impact on the economy.
⑤She ________________________________________ (示意孩子们进来)．
6 confirm vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准
confirm sb. as... 确认某人为……
confirm sb. in sth. 使某人确信某事
confirm that... 证实……；批准……
It has been confirmed that... 已确定……
His support confirmed my determination to carry out the plan.他的支持坚定了我执行计划的决心。
The President confirmed him as Secretary of State.
总统任命他为国务卿。
The committee finally confirmed him in his honesty and justice.
委员会最终肯定了他的诚实和公正。
The family called the Italian Culture Ministry; the official confirmed that the paintings were originals and worth as much as $50 million.
这家人给意大利文化部打电话，官方确认这些画是原作，价值高达5 000万美元。
It has been confirmed that the meeting will take place next week.已经确定会议将于下个星期召开。
单句语法填空/完成句子
①His facial expression confirmed me ________ my doubt.
②He was confirmed ________ a member of the Chinese Communist Party.
③The daily number of newly cured and discharged (出院) patients exceeded that of the newly ________ (confirm) cases.
④His new role could ________________________ (确保他成为) one of our leading actors.
⑤__________________ (已经确定) a lot of doctors and nurses will be on their way to the infected area.
7 occur (occurred, occurred; occurring)发生，出现；存在于……
(1)sth. occurs to sb. (主意或想法)被想到
It occurs to sb. to do sth. 某人想到做某事
It occurs to sb. that... 某人想到……
(2)occurrence n. 发生；出现
The same idea had occurred to Elizabeth.
伊丽莎白也想到了这个主意。
It didn't occur to her to ask for help.她没想到请别人帮忙。
It occurred to me suddenly that I had met him somewhere.
我突然想起之前在什么地方见过他。
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Jack was working in the lab when the power cut ________ (occur)．
②It never occurred to me ________ (ask) the reason.
③Waiting in line for more than an hour for their tea is a common ________ (occur)．
④An idea of developing tourism in this region ______________________ (我想到)．
⑤____________________ (他忽然想到) he had not switched the light off.
8 insist vi.& vt.坚持；坚决要求；坚称；坚决认为
She kept insisting on her innocence.她再三坚称自己无罪。
I might fail, but anyhow I will insist on doing it. I never lose heart.我可能会失败，但无论怎样，我会坚持做下去的。我永远不会丧失信心。
I tell my mom that if we're forced to eat things, we may become ill. But she insists on us eating healthy food.
我告诉妈妈，如果我们被迫吃东西的话，我们可能会生病。但她坚持要我们吃健康的食物。
I insist that you (should) take immediate action to put this right.我坚决要求你立刻采取行动处理好这件事情。
The doctor insisted that the sick man was still at risk then.
医生坚持说这位病人当时仍然处于危险中。
单句语法填空/完成句子
①No matter how busy he is, he always insists ________ accompanying his daughter when she has a show.
②He insisted that I ________ (take) back what I said, but I insisted that my words ________ (be) right.
③What he said suggested he ________ (be) angry with you, so I suggest you ________ (make) an apology to him.
④在警察山姆的帮助下，贾斯廷被找到了，所以贾斯廷的母亲坚持要给山姆一笔钱作为回报。
With the help of the policeman Sam, Justin was found, so Justin's mother ________________________________________________________________ an amount of money as a reward.
9 relief n．消除，减轻；救济品；宽慰；轻松
(1)in/with relief 放心；宽心地
to one's relief 使某人宽慰的是；令某人轻松的是
breathe a sigh of relief 松了一口气
It is a relief to do sth. 做某事是件让人欣慰/轻松的事
(2)relieve vt. 解除，缓和(不快或痛苦)；减轻(问题的严重性)；缓解
relieve sb. of sth. 替某人拿重物；帮助某人减轻(负担)
When he knew he had passed the examination, he smiled in relief.当他知道他通过了考试时，他如释重负地笑了。
Much to our relief/To our great relief, the children all arrived home safely.使我们非常欣慰的是，孩子们都安全到家了。
Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close.
不过，当赛季临近尾声时，我们大多数志愿者都会松一口气。
It was a relief to be able to talk to someone about it.
能和别人谈谈这件事是件让人欣慰的事。
Being able to tell the truth at last seemed to relieve her.
终于能够讲出真话似乎使她感到轻松。
Let me relieve you of some of your bags.我来帮你拿几个袋子吧。
　单句语法填空
①The new secretary will relieve us ________ some of the paperwork.
②All the passengers on board sighed with ________ (relieve) when the captain announced that he had solved the mechanical problems with the engine.
③“Thank you so much for coming to my aid，” said Polly ________ relief.
④To our great ________ (relieve), Dad returned home safe and sound.
10 inform vt.了解，熟悉；通知
(1)inform sb. that... 告知某人……
inform sb. of/about sth. 通知某人某事
(2)informed adj. 了解情况的；消息灵通的
keep sb. informed of sth. 不断给某人提供消息
(3)information n. 信息
They would inform him of/about any progress they had made.
他们会把他们取得的任何进展都告诉他。
He was informed that his application was rejected.
他被告知他的申请未被接受。
Please keep me fully informed of any developments.
事态如有进展，请随时通知我。
Reading is an excellent way to learn new things and stay informed.
阅读是一种学习新事物和使人见多识广的好方法。
　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Thanks for informing us ________ the change in the schedule so that we can make necessary adjustments.
②Thank you for keeping me ________ (inform) of what happened in time.
③They often get some useful ________________ (inform) from the Internet.
④I ____________________ (得到通知) my son had been admitted into that college.
⑤They are concerned to ________________________ (随时让居民知道) what they are doing.
重点句型解构
1 (教材原句)Alice Brown, head teacher at Falmont Primary School, was teaching when the floor began to shake.弗尔蒙特小学校长艾丽斯·布朗当时正在授课，突然地面开始晃动。
[句式分析]　此句是“was/were doing＋when＋一般过去时态”结构，表示“一件事情正在进行，这时另一件事情发生了”，when为并列连词。
并列连词when“这时”
was/were doing...when... 正在做……这时……
was/were about to do...when... 刚要做……这时……
was/were on the point of doing...when...
刚要做……这时……
had just/hardly/scarcely done...when...
刚做完……这时……
I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.
我正在和三个孩子吃早饭，这时水开始注入我家。
The driver was about to speed up when the car broke down.
司机刚要加速，汽车就出了故障。
He was on the point of leaving when someone knocked at the door.他正要离开，这时有人敲门。
He had hardly dived into the sea when a shark appeared in the distance.他刚潜入海里，远处就出现了一条鲨鱼。
I was about to go out to work when it began to rain heavily outside.
我正要出门去上班，这时外面下起了大雨。
　单句语法填空/单句写作
①I was about to take part in the basketball match ________ my left leg was injured.
②He ________________ (decorate) his house when someone knocked at the door.
③We had just left home ________ Mr. Wang called me.
④汤姆正打算放弃，这时他突然想到了一个好主意。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
⑤停电时杰克正在实验室里工作。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
⑥我刚到办公室，我妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2 (教材原句)The moment the shaking stopped, Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.
晃动一停止，布朗女士立即意识到这是全班逃生的最好时机。
[句式分析]　该句是一个主从复合句，the moment是名词短语用作连词，引导时间状语从句。
the moment“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句
下列名词词组也可以引导时间状语从句：
(1)the second time/the last time/every time (each time)/next time/any time第二次/最后一次/每次/下次/任何时候
(2)the moment/minute/second/instant一……就(＝as soon as)
(3)the day/the week/the year那一天/那一周/那一年
Every time the poet comes up with beautiful sentences, he will set them down.
每当诗人想到优美的句子，他就把它们写下来。
Every day my mother sets about her housework the moment she returns from work.
每天我妈妈一下班回来就开始做家务。
I recognized him the instant I saw him.
我一见到他就认出他来了。
Please inform me of the consequence the day you get the medical report.你拿到医疗报告的完成句子
①Anne felt very nervous ________________ (第一次) she gave a speech in front of so many students.
②The audience clapped excitedly ____________________ (一出现) the performer appeared on the stage.
③________________________ (每次) I see him, he wears a pleasant smile.
④________________________ (最后一次) I saw him, he was handing out relief for the survivors in the disaster.
⑤He was an official in a small city ______________ (那一年) I met him.
⑥________________________ (我一到家), I found I had left my jacket on the playground.
⑦He was visiting the senior in the nursing home ____________________ (那一天) the typhoon hit this region.
3 (教材原句)On 20 December, a series of huge waves caused by an undersea earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore and left thousands dead．
12月20日，由海底地震引发的巨浪接连席卷了金海岸附近海域，造成数千人死亡。
[句式分析]　本句中raced和left是并列谓语，thousands作left的宾语，dead作宾补。
leave＋宾语＋宾补
该句中leave为及物动词，意思是“使处于……；听任……”，宾语后接名词、介词短语、形容词、副词、现在分词、过去分词等作宾补。
其常见结构归纳如下：
(1)leave＋宾语＋名词/介词短语
His parents were killed and the house was damaged in the hurricane, leaving him a homeless child.他的父母在飓风中丧生，房子也被毁，他成了一个无家可归的孩子。
The building is still left under construction though several years have passed.尽管几年过去了，那座大楼仍在建设中。
(2)leave＋宾语＋形容词/副词
The major surgery has left the senior very weak.
大手术使老年人非常虚弱。
(3)leave＋宾语＋现在分词(宾语与宾补之间是主动关系)
The woman hurried to the subway station to meet her former classmate, leaving the washing machine running.
这女人匆匆赶到地铁站去接她的老同学，洗衣机还开着。
(4)leave＋宾语＋过去分词(宾语与宾补之间是被动关系)
All the builders pulled out of the site for safety's sake, leaving the roadworks uncompleted.
为了安全起见，所有的建筑工人都撤离了工地，道路工程仍未完工。
单句语法填空/完成句子
①It isn't a good idea to leave your children ________ (get) around outdoors on so hot a day.
②The bad weather left the project half ________ (finish)．
③—You've left the light ________．
—Oh, so I have. I'll go and turn it off.
④To the delight of the singer, her performance left the audience ________ (satisfy)．
⑤He hurried home, ________________________ (把钥匙落在办公室了)．
⑥—It was careless of you to ________________________ (你的汽车没锁) all night.
—My God. So I did.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Of the six people who ________ (受伤) in the traffic accident, only two survived.
2．Development of this area could be a ________ (灾难) for wildlife here.
3．This film has brought about varieties of ________ (反应) of people. People have different opinions about it.
4．Generally speaking, people can hardly survive a plane ________ (坠毁)．
5．The smiling official ________ (示意) to the little boy to come up to him.
6．What disappointed us greatly was that we had no strategy to ________ (离开) from the conflict at that time.
7．Due to a traffic accident, his calm and ________ (有序的) life ended.
8．The checkers are checking the food products to ________ (确认) whether there is enough nutrient in them as marked in the instructions.
9．It is widely believed that giving people a warm ________ (拥抱) will absolutely give them great support and courage.
10．There is a small risk of brain damage from the ________ (程序) of the operation.
11．It ________ (发生) to him that he could bring life into this old art by introducing modern elements.
12．He ________ (坚持) that getting rid of poverty in the rural area is the first task and he will struggle for it all his life.
13．To his great ________ (宽慰) and delight, his application was finally accepted.
14．The terrible fire in Australia caused ________ (毁灭性的) harm to the wildlife there. And it is likely that some of them will disappear forever.
15．I regret to ________ (通知) you of his death as a consequence of his injuries.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Luckily, the former singer star wasn't ________ (injure) in the car crash.
2．In economic terms, this decision is ________ (disaster)．
3．In the face of protest, the public showed varieties of ________ (react)．
4．The woman crashed ________ a coming car while trying to get rid of the fierce dog.
5．The police signalled ________ the drivers to pull up because of the chemicals on the road ahead.
6．In the opinion of everyone here, this region is beautiful, clean and ________ (order)．
7．The young girl ran down the ________ (stair), and went out of the building, disappearing in the dark street very soon.
8．Then her worst fear ________ (confirm) that she would be out of work in the gas station.
9．The famous movie star went into the shelter, ________ (hug) all the people there and donating much money.
10．Ecoscientists always warn the whole world ________ the risk of extinction of some species.
11．It suddenly occurred ________ him that this kind of water lily was a rare species.
12．The doctor insisted that he ________ (send) to Shanghai and that he would try his best to help the people infected by COVID 19.
13．Having found that he could make a living by selling his own handcrafts, he returned home ________ relief.
14．It is vital that we take action to stop the ________ (destructive) of this kind of hardwood.
15．I hope you will write to me from time to time and inform me ________ your process and progress of the work.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．We all thought he had been killed in the plane crash, but three days later he showed up ________________ (安然无恙的)．
2．If you ________________ (坚持吃这么多的甜食), you'll have to suffer the consequences.(insist)
3．________________ (使我们宽慰的是), the new method finally proved to be a success.(relief)
4．When Jim heard the fire alarm he ______________ (保持冷静) and looked for the nearest exit.(head)
5．The old castle requires to be restored ____________________ (被暴风雨袭击过后)．(hit)
6．—How do you know so much about what's going on in the countryside
—I've got a friend there who ________________ (让我随时了解最新消息)．(informed)
7．I was pulled onto the shore ____________________________ (我一浮上水面)．(moment)
8．You should inform him of the change of the meeting time, ____________________ (以防他迟到)．(case)
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
(Ⅰ)
In spite of 7 killed and over 200 injured in an earthquake, 476 students and 36 teachers at Falmont Primary School 1.________ (escape) the disaster. Only 5 students suffered slight injuries.
The head teacher 2.________ (name) Alice Brown was teaching when the floor began to shake. Her students' 3.________ (react) was quick and correct. Miss Brown 4.________ (quick) opened the classroom door 5.________ might be damaged 6.________ case it could not open. The moment 7.________ shaking stopped, Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape. She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an 8.________ (order) line. After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound, they relaxed, 9.________ (laugh), crying and hugging each other.
The earthquake safety procedures 10.________ (practise) twice a year, so the kids were calm enough to protect themselves during the earthquake.
(Ⅱ)
Although a series of huge waves 1.________ (cause) by an undersea earthquake left thousands 2.________ (die), a 10 year old girl named Sabrina Andron helped around 100 people escape danger with her basic knowledge of tsunamis.
While people 3.________ (enjoy) the warm sea air and the soft wind on the sandy beach, Sabrina noticed something odd. She said that the water looked like the bubbles on the top of a beer. She had just learnt about tsunamis in 4.________ Geography lesson, and it immediately occurred 5.________ her that these were signs of an 6.________ (approach) tsunami. Although frightened, she kept her head 7.________ warned her parents of the danger, insisting that they talk to a safety officer. Much to her 8.________ (relieve), the officer realized the coming danger 9.________ (immediate) and the beach 10.________ (clear) of people soon, just before the huge waves crashed into the coast.
B3 U2 Welcome to the unit & Reading 学案
重点词汇诠释
1．①injured　②injuries
2．①reaction　②to　③in　④reaction to　⑤reacted against
3．①of; getting　②As　③in
4．①vi.(计算机)崩溃　②vi.(交通工具)碰撞，撞击　③n.撞车　④n.碰撞声，破裂声　⑤the terrible plane/air crash
5．①that　②to　③signalled to　④signalled that　⑤signalled to the children to come inside
6．①in　②as　③confirmed　④confirm him as　⑤It has been confirmed that
7．①occurred　②to ask　③occurrence　④occurred to me　⑤It occurred to him that
8．①on/upon　②(should) take; were　③was; (should) make　④insisted that she (should) give Sam/insisted on/upon giving Sam
9．①of　②relief　③in/with　④relief
10．①of/about　②informed　③information　④was informed
⑤keep the residents informed of
重点句型解构
1．①when　②was decorating　③when
④Tom was about to give up when he suddenly came up with a good idea.
⑤Jack was working in the lab when the power cut occurred.
⑥I had just/hardly/scarcely got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
2．①the first time　②the moment/the minute/the instant/as soon as　③Every/Each time　④The last time　⑤the year
⑥The moment/The minute/The instant/As soon as I got home　⑦the day
3．①getting　②finished　③on　④satisfied　⑤leaving his keys in the office　⑥leave your car unlocked
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．were injured　2.disaster　3.reaction　4.crash
5．signalled/signaled　6.exit　7.orderly　8.confirm
9．hug　10.procedure　11.occurred　12.insists　13.relief　14.destructive　15.inform
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．injured　2.disastrous　3.reaction　4.into　5.to　6.orderly
7．stairs　8.confirmed　9.hugging　10.of　11.to
12．(should) be sent　13.in　14.destruction　15.of/about
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．safe and sound　2.insist on/upon eating so much sweet food
3．To our relief　4.kept his head　5.after being hit by the storm　6.keeps me informed　7.the moment I reached the surface　8.in case he comes late
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
(Ⅰ)
1．escaped　2.named　3.reaction　4.quickly　5.that/which
6．in　7.the　8.orderly　9.laughing　10.are practised
(Ⅱ)
1．caused　2.dead　3.were enjoying　4.a　5.to　6.approaching　7.and　8.relief　9.immediately　10.was cleared