湖南衡阳名校2024届高三复习周练 2月第4周 英语试题（含解析）
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| 名称 | 湖南衡阳名校2024届高三复习周练 2月第4周 英语试题（含解析） |  | |
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文档简介
2024年2月份第4周
英语
一、阅读理解
In 2015, Professor Wang Zhenyi, who specializes in treating acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) (急性早幼粒细胞白血病), received a letter of thanks from America. The writer of the letter was Mrs. Bernadette Giandomenico, who once suffered from APL but was cured with all-trans retinoic acid(ATRA) (全反式维甲酸), a treatment developed by Wang and his medical team.
Working at Ruijin Hospital, Wang has been devoting his life to the treatment of leukemia. He received the country's highest honor in science and technology in 2010.
Born in 1924 in Shanghai, Wang was inspired by a family friend's experience of pursuing a career in medicine as a child. His grandmother's death caused by typhoid further strengthened his resolve to fight against diseases and rescue patients. With outstanding academic performance, Wang became a doctor at Guangci Hospital, today's Ruijin Hospital.
In 1978, a research paper from Israeli experts gave Wang inspiration to study how leukemia cells could become normal. Nonetheless, his research didn't progress as expected. In 1983, another research paper shed light on his study. As the paper suggested, after being treated with 13-cis-Retinoic Acid, white blood cells in patients with APL could become normal. Considering the difficulties and high cost of producing a drug made from 13-cis-Retinoic Acid, Wang's team decided to replace that ingredient with ATRA, and they finally verified its positive effect after several months' experiments. In 1986, the drug was first adopted in treating a five-year-old patient. It turned out to be successful. After eight years of research, Wang's team eventually made the first breakthrough in the battle against APL.
To make sure every APL patient could afford the medicine, Wang has not patented his research result to date. "One cannot be a real doctor if one does not have expertise in medicine," Wang said in an interview. "However, without a kind heart, a skilled doctor may cause harm to patients."
Having worked in the field of hematopathology(血液病理学) for over 70 years, Wang has been well recognized for his remarkable contribution to saving lives.
1．Why did Mrs. Giandomenico write a letter to Professor Wang
A.To ask for medical suggestions.
B.To share her battle against APL.
C.To express her appreciation.
D.To update information about her treatment.
2．What increased Wang's determination to become a doctor
A.His grandmother's death. B.His great academic achievement.
C.The inspiration from foreign experts. D.The experience of a family friend.
3．What does the underlined word "verified" in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A.Denied. B.Assessed. C.Predicted. D.Confirmed.
4．What is the best title for the text
A.The application of ATRA B.A doctor with the human touch
C.The Chinese cure for APL patients D.A lifesaver with remarkable honor
Huang Danian, the well-known Chinese geophysicist, was born in 1958 in Guangxi, China. As a keen and able student, Huang went to the UK in 1993 to further his studies.
By the time Huang moved back to China in 2008, he had been living and working in the UK for15 years. He had a good job and life there, but he gave it all up to return home driven by the idea that he needed to contribute to his country. As one of the world's leading experts in deep earth exploration technology, Huang took up a position at Jilin University, Changchun.
Huang was named lead scientist on China's deep earth exploration programme, developing advanced cameras that can see through the Earth's crust(地壳) so that it can be analysed without having to dig into it. He set up an advanced lab, sometimes paying for equipment with his own money. Some described him as a "lunatic" (a "madman"), but this passion and drive enabled Huang to push forwards China's deep earth exploration technology into a world-leading position. Huang's devotion contributed to China's lunar probe(月球探测器) YuTu being landed on the moon in 2013 and the launch of the spacecraft Shenzhou-11 and Tiangong-2 in 2016.
Huang's health also paid the price for his commitment to his work. He began having fainting fits(昏厥) in 2012, but paid them little attention, stating he did not have time to go to see a doctor—his work always came first. In November 2016, Huang fainted and was taken to hospital, where he was diagnosed with cancer. The disease was so advanced that he had just a couple of months to live.
Like the true scientist he was, Huang never gave up, but always tried to push forwards. Even from his hospital bed, he continued his work, writing letters of reference for his colleagues and replying to questions from his students. Huang died in January 2017, aged just 58. More than 800 people attended his funeral to celebrate a life that burned so bright, but was so short.
5．Why did Huang return to China in 2008
A.Because he desired to devote himself to his motherland.
B.Because he had a good job and life here.
C.Because Jilin University offered him a top position.
D.Because he wasn't satisfied with the life in the UK.
6．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A.China's aerospace development.
B.Huang's working attitude and style.
C.Huang's great contributions to China.
D.China's deep earth exploration technology.
7．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs
A.The working environment caused Huang's disease.
B.Huang worked continuously despite his poor health.
C.Huang was taken to hospital after he fainted in 2012.
D.A large sum of money was paid to treat Huang's illness.
8．Which of the following can be used to describe Huang Danian
A.Generous and honest. B.Passionate and patient.
C.Modest and courageous. D.Patriotic and committed.
Throughout history scientists have risked their health and their lives searching for truths.
Sir Isaac Newton, the seventeenth century scientist, was very smart, but nonetheless, that didn't stop him from doing some pretty stupid things. In his laboratory in Cambridge he often did the strangest experiments. Once, while testing how light passes through lenses, he put a long needle into his eye, pushed it to the back, and then moved it around just to see what would happen. Luckily, nothing long-lasting did. On another occasion he stared at the sun for as long as he could bear, to discover what effect this would have on his sight. Again he escaped suffering permanent damage, though he had to spend some days in a darkened room before his eyes recovered.
In the 1770s the Swedish chemist Carl Scheele was the first person to find a way to produce phosphorus(磷).He in fact discovered eight more chemical elements including chlorine, though he didn't get any acclaim for them. He was a very clever scientist, but his one failing was a curious habit of tasting some of every substance he worked with. This risky practice finally caught up with him, and in 1786 he was found dead in his laboratory surrounded by a large number of dangerous chemicals, any of which might have been responsible for his death.
Eugene Shoemaker was a respected geologist. He spent a large part of his life studying craters(火山口) on the moon, and how they were formed, and later did research into the comets of the planet Jupiter. In 1997 he and his wife were in the Australian desert where they went every year to search for places where comets might have hit the earth. While driving in the Tanami desert, normally one of the emptiest places in the world, another vehicle crashed into them and Shoemaker was killed on the spot. Some of his ashes were sent to the moon aboard the Lunar Prospector spacecraft and left there—he is the only person who has had this honor.
9．Which word is similar to the underlined word "permanent" in Paragraph 2
A.Brief. B.Lasting. C.Slight. D.Ordinary.
10．What do we know about Carl Scheele according to this text
A.He was killed by tasting phosphorus.
B.He killed himself with some dangerous chemicals.
C.His habit of tasting chemicals might account for his death.
D.He got a large number of honors for discovering many chemical elements.
11．As for Shoemaker, what can we learn from the passage
A.He was knocked over and died in a desert.
B.All of his ashes were placed on the moon.
C.One comet of Jupiter was named after him.
D.A spacecraft carrying him traveled around Jupiter.
12．What does the text mainly talk about
A.Three great scientists' famous experiments.
B.Three great scientists' great achievements.
C.Three great scientists' sacrifice for truths.
D.Three great scientists' special honors.
Winning a remarkable science award is really a big deal, especially if you are 12 years old. But Shanya Gill, a middle schooler from San Jose, California, won the top award in the Thermo Fisher Scientific Junior Innovators Challenge for designing a fire detection system that is superior to existing ones, as stated in the press release.
“The top winners have exhibited boundless curiosity,” Maya Ajmera president and CEO of Society for Science, said in the press release. “Their remarkable research not only reflects their talent but also paves the way for an exciting new future.”
Shanya’s inspiration came after a fire destroyed a restaurant in her neighborhood during the summer of 2022, reported The Washington Post. “I had never really experienced something like that before,” she told The Washington Post about the early morning fire at Holder’s Country Inn, which started in the kitchen. “They had smoke detectors. and yet it still burned down,” she added.
After she studied fire statistics, Shaya spent over a year developing a fire detection system that she believes could have prevented the fire. Unlike traditional smoke detectors that sense active fires from the smoke in the air, Shanya’s thermal (热的) imaging device is designed to stop fires from occurring.
With a thermal camera and a Raspberry Pi, a tiny computer the device detects when a heat source has been left unattended for ten minutes and sends a text message warning. Creating the prototype(原型) was difficult and the hardest part was the programming, “I had two designs, and my first design completely failed. It was a really big challenge I had to go through.” she said. The final device outperforms smoke detectors in speed and accuracy. Shanya wants to bring the costs down to make it even more common than hardwired smoke detectors.
“Shanya saw a problem, went after it and tried to solve it, and that’s what we need to encourage with all young people,” said Ajmera. She also highlighted the significance of supporting individuals, especially girls and kids of color, in STEM fields, as research indicates that many young people drop out of these areas.
13．What can we learn about Shanya from the first two paragraphs
A. She gained a lot of money in the award.
B. She showed a curious nature as a schooler.
C. She set a big stage for young people her age.
D. She was junior to other winners in performance.
14．What motivated Shanya to develop her fire detection system
A. Her desire to win the science award.
B. Her experience of a destructive fire.
C. Her interest in computer programming.
D. Her goal to improve STEM education for girls.
15．What is an advantage of Shanya’s invention
A. It consists of two parts that are easier to conduct.
B. It can send out a warning against a potential fire.
C. It can detect active fires from the smoke in the air.
D. It functions when a fire breaks out within 10 minutes.
16．Which of the following can best describe Shanya
A. Reliable. B. Cooperative. C. Innovative. D. Generous.
Scientists have shown how plants can protect themselves against genetic(基因的) damage caused by environmental stresses. The growing tips of plant roots and shoots have an in-built mechanism (机制) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected, avoiding passing on faulty DNA.
Plants have small populations of stem cells(干细胞) at the tips of their roots and shoots, which enable them to continuously grow and produce new tissues throughout their lifetime. These stem cells serve as ancestors for plant tissues and organs. However, any genetic faults present in the stem cells will continue to exist and be passed on permanently throughout the plant’s life, which could last thousands of years.
Given the critical role of stem cells and their exposure to potentially dangerous environments at the growing tips of roots and shoots, safeguards are necessary to prevent stem cell faults from becoming fixed. Researchers Nick Fulcher and Robert Sablowski, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, aimed to uncover these protective mechanisms. Through experiments involving X-rays and chemicals, they discovered that stem cells were more sensitive to DNA damage compared to other cells.
When DNA damage occurs, the cells have the capacity to detect it and cause programmed cells to die, preventing the propagation of the damaged genetic code to the rest of the plant tissues. This process has similarities to the safeguard mechanism found in animal cells, which has been broadly studied due to its relevance in preventing cancer.
The identification of a similar protective system in plants is of great interest in the field of plant development. It also helps scientists develop plants that can better handle environmental stress. So knowledge of how plants deal with these stresses is of fundamental significance to agricultural science’s response to climate change.
17．What is the function of the in-built mechanism in plants
A. To produce more roots and shoots.
B. To increase the overall lifetime of the plant.
C. To enhance plant growth and nutrient intake.
D. To stop genetic faults in stem cells passing on.
18．What can we know about stem cells in plants according to the text
A. They are relatively abundant in quantity.
B. They are resistant to environmental stresses.
C. They make quick response to DNA damage.
D. They have the ability to repair damaged DNA.
19．What does the underlined word “propagation” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Spread. B. Change. C. Existence. D. Self-repair.
20．What does the last paragraph focus on
A. The way of dealing with climate change on the earth.
B. The significance of identifying the protective system in plants.
C. The method of ensuring plant survival under environmental stress.
D. The urgency of developing plants that can handle environmental stress.
二、七选五
21．Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don't beat yourself up about them. To err(犯错) is human. ①_____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading "Personal strengths." ②_____ Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don't have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you're proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading "Acts of kindness." On this one, list all the positive things you've done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ③_____
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ④_____ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don't wait until you've made a mistake to try this—it's a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It's something of a cliché(陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it's true. ⑤_____ We're all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A.A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B.Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C.They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D.It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E.It doesn't mean you have to ignore what's happened or forget it.
F.Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G.Whatever the mistake, remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality.
22．How to Feel Connected
It’s easy to feel disconnected from what is going on around you in today’s fast paced world.
①_______ However, by following the tips below you can get in touch and feel connected.
Consider why you feel disconnected. Knowing what is making you feel disconnected can help you choose the best ways to address it. ②_________ Ask yourself these questions: Are you keeping yourself occupied with work too much Do you rely on electronic communication instead of face to face communication Do you lack friendships that are satisfying
Interact with people in person. Technology is a great way to stay in touch, but sometimes you need to spend time with other people in person. ③_________ You can also take steps to feel more connected by making small talk with strangers who are sharing parts of your day.
④_________ Your loved ones could feel shy, so you may never know how to improve your relationship unless you ask the right questions. Asking them to open the doors can give you some insight on what you can do. Learning this information can help to strengthen your bond.
Show your commitment to them. Simply showing up and being there for your loved ones says a lot about how much you value your relationships. Putting in the time shows them that you are committed and want to stay connected. ⑤_________
Show appreciation. A simple “thank you” goes a very long way. Unfortunately, it is something that people who are close often take for granted. Telling someone you appreciate their time, love, and efforts can strengthen your bond and help you to become more connected.
A. Ask others what they need from you.
B. Sometimes you can feel isolated and distant from the ones you love.
C. Be brave to express your love.
D. Reach out to people to schedule a time to get together.
E. Attending family events, or simply visiting someone once a week can help to strengthen your relationship and keep it strong.
F. Targeting your efforts toward those issues allows you to close that distance more effectively.
G. You can have a gift delivered to friends on special occasions.
23．Pursue Your Dreams Today, Not Tomorrow
Have you caught yourself daydreaming about your dreams We often postpone our dreams, trapped in a cycle of delay. But why wait ① You don’t have to take a huge, life-changing step. You can take minute steps toward a brighter future. And start right now.
② If you never try, you’re going to be weighed down by your regrets. You’re always going to wonder how your life would've turned out if you actually took a chance on yourself. Don’t let your future self be disappointed by your present self.
It doesn’t matter how old you are or how many people have warned you that you’re never going to succeed. Even the most successful people have had their hesitations about whether they had what it took to make it in their field. ③ Embrace a mindset of determination, knowing that success is within your reach.
At the end of the day, you need to carve out a path for yourself that will lead to the most satisfaction. If you allow your fear to get the best of you, you're never going to forgive yourself. ④ . It’s what you would encourage your friends to do, so why aren't you giving yourself that same push
Sometimes, following your passion means spending a lot of your time each day. It may require making slight adjustments to your schedule, but you don't have to sacrifice everything to follow your hearts. Try to strike a balance between your current life and your dreams. ⑤
Pursue your dreams now, even though that means you might need to break out of your comfort zone, and even though it means entering the unknown.
A. Ask yourself what would be worse.
B. Starting small is completely acceptable.
C. You owe it to yourself to go after your dreams.
D. New opportunities may lead to personal growth.
E. If things go well, you can gradually make further shifts.
F. You need to move past your insecurities and explore your full potential.
G. Hard as it is, it's crucial to wave off the doubts in the back of your mind.
三、短文填空
24． Although he was a world-famous fashion photographer, Cunningham's approach ①_____ life was uncomplicated. He lived in a small apartment with a ②_____(share) washroom.
Cunningham never accepted the benefits offered to him for being a fashion photographer. He valued his integrity and would not be bought by anyone, no matter how many free clothes or flights to faraway destinations he ③_____(offer). And if he went to a celebrity party, he was there to work rather than have fun. "Money's the ④_____(cheap) thing," he once said, then added: "...⑤_____(free) is the most expensive." This lack of self-interest and promotion kept Cunningham focused on his craft, ⑥_____(enable) him to capture New York's unique street style.
Cunningham's passion for photography lasted throughout his life. He was 87 when he passed ⑦_____, and had been working right up until his last illness. His hard work made him more than a fashion photographer—he was a "cultural anthropologist", ⑧_____ we can thank for recording the life of a whole city and ⑨_____(it) people over half a century. Bill Cunningham was ⑩_____ observer, and not one of the observed, a worker not a star—and this was how he wanted it.
25． After I ①_____(lose) my right hand in a car accident two years ago, I began to withdraw into myself, ②_____(believe) I would never be able to lead a normal life again. I ③_____(equip) with an artificial hand, but it did not feel like part of me.
Even simple things like getting dressed were unbelievably difficult, ④_____ bothered me a lot. Three months ago, ⑤_____, all that changed when I was given the chance to test a new robotic hand.
Scientists have been making great progress in robotic technology in recent years, and their work on robotic limbs has changed my life. With my new hand, I can move my individual fingers and hold onto small things like pens and pencils. More ⑥_____(amazing), my robotic hand is capable of feeling varying degrees of pressure. It resembles a real hand. In addition, it looks very lifelike with special rubber ⑦_____(use) on the outside.
I have rediscovered all the ⑧_____(hobby) that I had enjoyed before the accident. For example, I have been cooking for my family again ⑨_____ I got my new hand. Not only can I do more, but I have also become ⑩_____(confident) and outgoing. I'm so grateful for all the new possibilities my robotic hand has opened up.
26．In recent years, China has been working hard to improve living conditions in rural areas through a program called the New Rural Development Initiative. ① goal of this initiative is to improve infrastructure(基础设施), modernize farming practices, and enhance the overall quality of life for those ② (live) in the countryside.
One important aspect of the initiative is the improvement of rural infrastructure ③ includes the construction of better roads, bridges, and watering systems ④ (improve) the efficiency of transportation and agricultural activities.
Another key focus is the promotion of modern agricultural ⑤ (technique). By introducing advanced farming methods and technologies, such as organic farming and the use of machinery, farmers are able to increase their productivity and income ⑥ damaging the environment.
Furthermore, the initiative emphasizes the importance of preserving traditional culture and heritage in rural communities. Efforts ⑦ (make) to regenerate local traditions, which not only enriches the cultural ⑧ (diverse) of the countryside but also creates new opportunities for cultural tourism and sustainable development. The initiative also aims to enhance the living environment in rural areas through the restoration of traditional houses ⑨ the construction of public facilities.
Through the initiative, China is working hard to create a more prosperous (繁荣的) and ⑩ (harmony) countryside, providing its rural residents with better opportunities and an improved quality of life.
四、书面表达
27．假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们学校下周准备开展一次“中国传统文化进校园”活动,届时一些外国友人也会应邀参加,现正在招募志愿服务人员,请你用英文给负责人Mr. Smith写一封申请信,内容包括：
1. 申请理由；
2. 个人优势；
3. 希望批准。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Mr. Smith,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
28．假定你是李华,你校英语报“Great People”专栏正在征文,请写一篇短文,介绍你心目中最具工匠精神的名人,并投稿。内容包括:
1.个人简介;
2.主要贡献;
3.事迹及荣誉。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
五、完形填空（15空）
For most of my life I had lived in the black and Latino community. Neither of my parents had graduated from middle school and I was the first in my family to ever enter a college campus. By contrast, most of my 1 came from generations of well educated family and had grown up in 2 white suburbs. In the college, 3 sharing with others how I was feeling, I closed myself and thought I could get through it if I just 4 study. However, during the weeks before the winter break, I finally decided I would drop out. 5 , that wasn’t the end of the story. I found 6 and guidance to continue to finish my college.
Consulting provided me with space to 7 my emotions. My consultant provided me with books and other 8 to understand what I was experiencing and she helped me feel powerful. Volunteering with a campus organization provided me with a constant 9 of why I was in college. My interactions with students, who reminded me so much of my own friends at home, inspired me to work for 10 to higher education for low income youth. I also 11 in a summer urban program, where I cooperated with a group of student leaders to start a conference to talk about 12 of race and class.
13 is power. I read books and chose courses to learn more about topics 14 to immigration, race, social class and urban education. These courses and books helped me 15 a much deeper understanding of my own racial experiences of oppression. Most importantly, I was equipped with the knowledge I needed to work against injustice and inequality.
29．A. teachers B. classmates C. colleagues D. neighbors
30．A. complex B. remote C. rich D. ordinary
31．A. Instead of B. Regardless of C. Ahead of D. Apart from
32．A. relied on B. focused on C. gave up D. took up
33．A. Unusually B. Positively C. Instantly D. Fortunately
34．A. curiosity B. comfort C. strength D. intention
35．A. adjust B. express C. control D. relieve
36．A. training B. motivation C. credits D. resources
37．A. ambition B. reminder C. memory D. practice
38．A. approaches B. guides C. subscription D. access
39．A. entered B. absorbed C. attended D. participated
40．A. suggestions B. messages C. issues D. examples
41．A. Confidence B. Knowledge C. Bravery D. Construction
42．A. exposed B. applied C. introduced D. related
43．A. gain B. link C. show D. experience
In 2008, Calvin Lowe's four-year-old son Tyler needed to have a serious surgery.
On the appointed day of the 1 , he and his wife brought Tyler to Children’s Hospital Colorado in Denver. “As we sat in the waiting room, waiting for someone to 2 us back to the surgery area, there was a lot of 3 in our hearts,” Lowe remembered.
When a nurse called the family back, Lowe’s fears 4 .A young doctor walked into the room and told the couple that he would be 5 the surgery. As the doctor began to 6 how the surgery would proceed, Lowe’s mind went to the worst possible 7 _, But then the doctor did something 8 .He looked both Lowe and his wife in the eye, put a 9 hand on each of their shoulders, and said, “Today, your son is my son.”
After the surgery was over, the 10 came back out to the family with a big smile and said, “Our son is just fine, and you can 11 him here in a few minutes.”
Tyler is now 19 years old and hopes to become a professional photographer. All these years after the surgery, Lowe still 12 the young doctor’s kindness. “I will never forget that,” Lowe said. “Because that was indeed a 13 of stress then. I can’t tell you how 14 we both were for what he said to us that day. It was very 15 and meaningful.”
44．A. injury B. accident C. operation D. examination
45．A. call B. drive C. move D. rush
46．A. shock B. anxiety C. sadness D. anger
47．A. faded B. grew C. appeared D. stopped
48．A. receiving B. recording C. missing D. performing
49．A. learn B. discover C. explain D. guess
50．A. option B. reaction C. approach D. outcome
51．A. unexpected B. confusing C. necessary D. excellent
52．A. balancing B. leading C. comforting D. directing
53．A. nurse B. doctor C. patient D. photographer
54．A. leave B. see C. catch D. train
55．A. passes on B. replies to C. pays off D. thinks about
56．A. relief B. reminder C. secret D. source
57．A. eager B. proud C. grateful D. regretful
58．A. helpful B. successful C. typical D. educational
参考答案
1．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“received a letter of thanks from America(收到一封来自美国的感谢信)”及“The writer of the letter was Mrs. Bernadette Giandomenico, who once suffered from APL but was cured with... a treatment developed by Wang and his medical team.(这封信的作者是贝尔纳黛特·詹多梅尼科太太,她曾患有急性早幼粒细胞白血病,但用全反式维甲酸治愈了,这是一种由王振义和他的医疗团队开发的治疗方法。)”可知,詹多梅尼科太太给王教授写信是为了表达她的感激。
2．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“His grandmother's death caused by typhoid further strengthened his resolve to fight against diseases and rescue patients.(他的祖母因伤寒去世,进一步坚定了他与病魔作斗争、挽救病人的决心。)”可知,祖母的死坚定了王振义成为一名医生的决心。
3．答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“its positive effect after several months' experiments. In 1986, the drug was first adopted in treating a five-year-old patient. It turned out to be successful.”可知,1986年,该药首次用于治疗一名5岁的病人,结果很成功。说明经过几个月的实验,王教授和他的团队最终证实了全反式维甲酸的积极效果。由此可知画线词意为“证实”。A.拒绝;B.评估:C.预测;D.证实。故选D。
4．答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段中的“ ‘One cannot be a real doctor if one does not have expertise in medicine,’ Wang said in an interview. ‘However, without a kind heart, a skilled doctor may cause harm to patients.’(王振义在一次采访中说: “一个人如果没有医学专业知识,就不能成为真正的医生。但是,如果没有一颗善良的心,一个技术娴熟的医生可能会对病人造成伤害。”)”,再结合文章主要介绍了王振义医生的个人经历以及他对白血病的研究过程和为挽救生命做出的卓越贡献可知,B项(一个有人情味的医生)最适合作文章标题。
5．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“but he gave it all up to return home driven by the idea that he needed to contribute to his country”可知,黄大年从英国回到祖国是因为他渴望为国家的发展贡献自己的力量。故选A。
6．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第三段末句“Huang's devotion contributed to...in 2016.”并结合本段其他内容可知,第三段介绍了他开发的先进相机可以穿透地壳,这样就可以在不深入地壳的情况下进行分析,他还建立了一个先进的实验室,正是这种激情和动力使黄大年把中国的地球深部探测技术推向了世界领先的地位。由此可知第三段主要介绍了黄大年对中国做出的巨大贡献。故选C。
7．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。由倒数第二段第二句“He began having fainting fits(昏厥)...came first.”及最后一段第二句“Even from his hospital bed...his students.”可知,他虽然患病住院但仍坚持工作。故选B。
8．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“He had a good job...his country.”可知,黄大年放弃英国的优厚待遇回国为祖国发展尽力,由此可知他是爱国的。综合最后两段介绍的他患重病但仍坚持工作可知他是敬业的、投入的。D项“(爱国的且投入的)”能非常准确地形容黄大年。故选D。
9．答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。第二段列举了Isaac Newton的两个实验,在第一个实验中,为了测试光线如何穿过透镜,他把一根长针插进眼睛,推到后面,然后移动它,看看会发生什么,结果是“Luckily, nothing long-lasting did.”。在第二个实验中,他久久地盯着太阳,想看看这对他的视力有什么影响,根据画线词所在句“Again he escaped suffering.….before his eyes recovered.”可知,Isaac Newton不得不在一间黑暗的房间里待上几天,直到他的眼睛恢复,说明他的眼睛避免了遭受永久性的伤害。结合本句中的“Again”可知,permanent与前文中的“long-lasting”对应,意为“永久的”。故选B。
10．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“He was a very clever scientist, but his one failing was a curious habit of tasting some of every substance he worked with...responsible for his death.(他是一个非常聪明的科学家,但他的一个缺点是有一个好奇的习惯,即对他所研究的每一种物质都要尝一些。这种危险的做法终于产生了问题。1786年,他被发现死在实验室里,周围有大量的危险化学品,任何一种化学品都有可能导致他的死亡。)”可推测,Carl Scheele喜欢品尝化学物质的习惯可能是他死亡的原因。故选C。
11．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“While driving in the Tanami desert, normally one of the emptiest places in the world, another vehicle crashed into them and Shoemaker was killed on the spot.”可知,当Shoemaker和他的妻子在塔纳米沙漠开车时,另一辆车撞上了他们,Shoemaker当场死亡。故选A。
12．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“Throughout history scientists have risked their health and their lives searching for truths.”并结合文章主要讲述了Isaac Newton、Carl Scheele以及Eugene Shoemaker三位科学家冒着健康和生命危险寻找真理的事迹可知,文章主要讲了三位伟大的科学家为真理所做的牺牲。故选A。
13．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段"The top winners have exhibited boundless curiosity(顶级获奖者表现出 了无限的好奇心）"可知，Shanya表现出学者好奇的 天性。故选B。
14．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段"Shanya's inspiration came after a fire destroyed a restaurant in her neighborhood during the summer of 2022, reported The Washington Post.(据《华盛顿邮报》报道，Shanya的 灵感来自于2022年夏天一场大火烧毁了她家附近的 一家餐馆) "可知，经历了一场毁灭性的火灾促使 Shanya开发她的火灾探测系统。故选B。
15．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"Witha thermal camera and a Raspberry Pi, a tiny computer the device detects when a heat source has been left unattended for ten minutes and sends a text message warning.(该设备配有热像仪和Raspberry Pi,配有一 台微型计算机，当热源无人看管超过10分钟时，它 就会检测到，并发出短信警告）"可知，Shanya的发 明优点在于可以发出潜在火灾的警告。故选B。
16．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段"But Shanya Gill, a middle schooler from San Jose, California, won the top award in the Thermo Fisher Scientific Junior Innovators Challenge for designing a fire detection system that is superior to existing ones, as stated in the press release.(但是，来自加州圣何塞的中学生Shanya Gill在赛默飞世尔科学少年创新者挑战赛中获得了最 高奖项，因为她设计了一种优于现有系统的火灾探 测系统) "可推知，Shanya发明了一种优于现有系统 的火灾探测系统，说明她很有创新精神。故选C。
17．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“The growing tips of plant roots and shoots have an in-built mechanism(机制)that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected, avoiding passing on faulty DNA.(植物的根 和芽的生长尖端有一个内置的机制，如果检测到 DNA损伤，就会导致细胞死亡，从而避免将有缺陷 的DNA传递给下一代）”可知，植物内建机制的功能 是阻止干细胞中的基因缺陷遗传下去。故选D。
18．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Through experiments involving X-rays and chemicals, they discovered that stem cells were more sensitive to DNA damage compared to other cells.通过涉及x射线和化 学物质的实验，他们发现干细胞比其他细胞对DNA 损伤更敏感”可知，植物中的干细胞对DNA损伤做 出快速反应。故选C。
19．答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“When DNA damage occurs, the cells have the capacity to detect it and cause programmed cells to die, preventing the”以及后文“of the damaged genetic code to the rest of the plant tissues”可知，当DNA受损时，细胞有能 力检测到它，并导致程序化细胞死亡，防止受损的 遗传密码传播到植物组织的其他部分。故划线词意 思是“传播”。故选A。
20．答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The identification of a similar protective system in plants is of great interest in the field of plant development. It also helps scientists develop plants that can better handle environmental stress. So knowledge of how plants deal with these stresses is of fundamental significance to agricultural science's response to climate change.(在植 物中发现类似的保护系统在植物发育领域具有重要 意义。它还帮助科学家培育出能够更好地应对环境 压力的植物。因此，了解植物如何应对这些压力对 农业科学应对气候变化具有重要意义）”可知，最后 一段的重点是识别植物保护系统的意义。故选B。
21．答案：DBFCG
解析：①空前提到为错误承担责任是好的,但不要因为错误过分自责,人都会犯错。后句提到使用下面的写作训练来做到这一点(do this)。代词this提示设空处要提到某一种做法。D项(给自己一些宽恕同样重要)中的show yourself some forgiveness与后句中的do this呼应。故选D。
②本段主要说的是“Personal strengths”。空后用一系列问句点明个人优点的具体内容。最后一句中的aspects of your personality that you're proud of 与B 项中的characteristics you like about yourself呼应。且B项与下一段第二句句式一致(list all the...),代入原文中语义连贯。故选B。
③本段主要说的是“Acts of kindness”。第二句提到列举所有你为他人做过的好事,第三句举例说明—帮朋友做作业,主动熨衣服,在家人累了一天后做饼干。这些都是很小的事情,与F项中的no matter how small it might seem呼应。F项中的write it down与文中的list 呼应。故选F。
④前一句提到让朋友或家人帮助在清单上添加内容,后一句提到以这种方式,你可以和朋友或家人交换想法。浏览选项可以发现,C项中的They呼应前一句中的a friend or family member,代入原文后与前后文衔接自然。故选C。
⑤本段主要说的是人们从错误中学习。G项中的mistake 与本段首句的mistakes呼应,G项中的isn't a fixed aspect of your personality 与后句中的all changing and learning呼应。故选G。
22．答案：①-⑤BFEAC
解析：①根据下文“You can get in touch and feel connected, however, by following the tips below(不过，你可以通过下面的建议来让自己与人保持联系，让自己不觉得孤独)”中however可推知，上文内容应该是讲你与人疏远，感到孤独，B项“Sometimes you can feel isolated and distant from the ones you love.(有时你会觉得与你所爱的人疏远了)”符合语境，且与首句“It's easy to feel disconnected from what is going on around you in today's fast-paced world.(在当今快节奏的世界里，你很容易与周围发生的事情脱节)”有顺承关系。故选B项。
②F项“Targeting your efforts toward those issues allows you to close that distance more effectively.(把你的努力集中在那些事情上可以让你更有效地拉近与别人的距离)”中those issues指代上文“ Knowing what is making you feel disconnected can help you choose the best ways to address it. (知道是什么让你感到孤立可以帮助你选择最好的方法来解决它)”中what is making you feel disconnected，且两句语意有顺承关系。故选F项。
③根据小标题“Interact with people in person. ”可知，本段主要讲与人互动；再根据下文“You can also take steps to feel more connected by making small-talk with strangers who are sharing parts of your day.(你也可以通过主动与在一天中遇到的陌生人闲聊的方式来让自己感觉与人更亲近)”中also可知，上文内容也是讲如何与人建立联系，E项“Attending family events, or simply visiting someone once a week can help to strengthen your relationship and keep it strong.(参加家庭活动，或者只是每周拜访某人一次，可以帮助加强你们的关系并保持牢固)”列举了一些与人保持联系的方式，符合语境，同时也是对小标题的照应。故选E项。
④设空处为段落小标题；根据段中“Your loved ones could feel shy, so you may never know how to improve your relationship unless you ask the right questions.(你爱的人可能会感到害羞，所以你可能永远不知道如何改善你们的关系，除非你问对了问题)”和“Asking them to open the doors can give you some insight on what you can do.(请他们为你开门可以让你了解自己能做些什么)”可知，本段讲要改善关系就要主动去问别人需要你做些什么。故选A项。
⑤根据小标题“Show your commitment to them.(展示你对他们的承诺)”和段中“Simply showing up and being there for your loved ones says a lot about how much you value your relationships. Putting in the time shows them that you are committed and want to stay connected.(仅仅是出现在你爱的人身边，就能说明你有多重视你们的关系。投入时间让他们知道你是忠诚的并想要和他们保持联系)”可知，本段主要阐述了表达自己承诺的重要性，要让你爱的人知道你的爱，C项“Be brave to express your love.(勇敢地表达你的爱)”符合语境，且句中express与文中多次提到的“show”相照应。故选C项。
23．答案：1-4BCGFE
解析：①联系下文题。根据后文 You don't have to take a huge, life-changing step. You can take minute steps toward a brighter future. And start right now.(你不需 要迈出巨大的、改变人生的一步。你可以一步一步 走向更光明的未来。现在就开始）可知，后文提到 了不需要迈出巨大的、改变人生的一步，可知本句 是在建议从小的地方开始。故B选项“从小处开始是完全可以接受的”符合语境，故选B。
②联系下文题。根据本段内容 If you never try, you're going to be weighed down by your regrets. You're always going to won der how your life would've turned out if you actually took a chance on yourself. Don't let your future self be disappointed by your present self. （如果你从不尝试，你就会被你的遗憾压垮。你总 是想知道，如果你真的给自己一个机会，你的生活 会变成什么样子。不要让未来的自己被现在的自己 失望）可知，本段的主旨是给自己一个改变生活的 机会，即建议去追求自己的梦想。故C选项“你应该为自己去追求你的梦想”符合语境，故选C。
③联系下文题。根据后文 Embrace a mindset of determination, knowing that success is within your reach.(拥有一种坚定的心态，知道成功是触 手可及的）可知，后文提到要拥有坚定的心态，可 知要拜托怀疑的心态。故G选项“尽管困难重重，但摆脱心中的疑虑是至关重要的”符合语境，故选G。
④联系上文题。根据上文 At the end of the day, you need to carve out a path for yourself that will lead to the most satisfaction. If you allow your fear to get the best of you, you're never going to forgive yourself.(在一天结束的时候，你需要为自己开辟一条通往最大 满足感的道路。如果你让恐惧占据了你最好的一 面，你永远不会原谅自己）可知，上文提到不要让 恐惧占据了你最好的一面，即建议要克服恐惧和不 安全感，来发掘潜力。故F选项“你需要克服你的不安全感，发掘你的全部潜力”符合语境，故选F。
⑤联系上文题。根据上文 Sometimes, following your passion means spending a lot of your time each day. It may require making slight adjustments to your schedule, but you don't have to sacrifice everything to follow your hearts. Try to strike a balance between y our current life and your dreams.(有时候，追随 你的激情意味着每天花费大量的时间。这可能需要 对你的时间表做一些调整，但你不必为了跟随自己 的内心而牺牲一切。试着在你现在的生活和你的梦 想之间取得平衡）可知，上文提到了在你现在的生 活和你的梦想之间取得平衡，本句为本段最后一句，故说明这么做的结果。故E选项“如果一切顺利，你可以逐渐做出进一步的改变”符合语境，故 选E。
24．答案：①to②shared③was offered④cheapest⑤freedom⑥enabling⑦away⑧who/whom⑨its⑩an
解析：①考查介词。one's approach to...意为“某人……的方式”。
②考查过去分词。设空处作定语修饰名词washroom, washroom与动词share之间是被动关系,故此处应用过去分词形式,故填shared。
③考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。根据语境可知此处表示过去的事,应用一般过去时,且he与offer之间为被动关系,因此用一般过去时的被动语态。此处主语是he,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,故填was offered。
④考查形容词最高级。设空处与下文中的the most expensive形成对比,且由设空处前的定冠词the可知,此处应用形容词的最高级形式。
⑤考查名词。设空处作主语,表示“自由”,应用名词freedom。
⑥考查现在分词。设空处为分词作状语,enable与其逻辑主语之间为主动关系,故应用现在分词形式。
⑦考查副词。pass away意为“去世”。
⑧考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知,此处为非限制性定语从句,先行词指人,关系词在从句中作宾语,故用who或whom引导非限制性定语从句。
⑨考查代词。设空处修饰名词people,应用形容词性物主代词its,意为“它的”,此处指“这个城市的”。
⑩考查冠词。此处表泛指,且observer以元音音素开头,故填不定冠词an。
25．答案：①lost②believing③was equipped④which⑤however⑥amazingly⑦used⑧hobbies⑨since⑩more confident
解析：①考查时态。句意:在两年前的一场车祸中失去右手后,我开始自我封闭,认为自己再也不能过正常的生活了。设空处为After引导的时间状语从句的谓语,根据时间状语“two years ago”可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时。故填lost。
②考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知,本句为主从复合句,After引导时间状语从句,主句“I began to withdraw...a normal life again”中已有谓语动词 began,故此处应用非谓语动词。动词believe和其逻辑主语I之间是主动关系,应用现在分词作状语。故填believing。
③考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:我配备了一只假手,但感觉它不像我的一部分。主语I和动词equip之间是被动关系,且此处是描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语I表示单数意义,be动词用was。故填was equipped。
④考查定语从句。句意:即使是像穿衣服这样简单的事情也极其困难,这让我很困扰。设空处无提示词,空前有逗号,且逗号前面的句子意思完整,不缺成分,而空后句子缺少主语,故推测此处为非限制性定语从句。设空处修饰前面整个主句的内容,在从句中作主语,故用which引导非限制性定语从句。
⑤考查副词。句意:然而,三个月前,当我有机会测试一只新的机械手时,一切都改变了。上文提到假肢不好用,即使是很简单的事情也很难完成,与下文“一切都改变了”之间是转折关系,且空后有逗号,应用副词,故填however。
⑥考查词性转换。句意:更令人惊讶的是,我的机械手能够感受到不同程度的压力。此处作状语修饰整个句子,应用副词形式。故填amazingly。
⑦考查过去分词。句意:此外,它的外部使用了特殊的橡胶,看起来非常逼真。此处是“with+宾语+宾补”结构,动词use和宾语special rubber是被动关系,故此处用过去分词作宾补。故填used。
⑧考查名词复数。句意:我重新找到了我在事故前喜欢的所有爱好。hobby意为“业余爱好”,为可数名词,根据空前的all可知,此处应用复数形式,故填hobbies。
⑨考查连词。句意:例如,自从我有了新手,我又开始为我的家人做饭了。结合句意可知,此处指“自从我有了新手”,故填since。
⑩考查形容词比较级。句意:我不仅可以做更多的事情,而且我变得更加自信和外向。根据do more并结合语境可知,此处应用形容词比较级,故填more confident。
26．答案：The；living；which；to improve；techniques；without；are being made/are made/have been made；diversity；and；harmonious
解析：①考查冠词。句意：这一倡议的目标是改善 基础设施，实现农业现代化，提高农村居民的整体 生活质量。此处goal特指这一倡议的目标，应用定 冠词the，首字母大写。故填The。
②考查非谓语动词。句意：这一倡议的目标 是改善基础设施，实现农业现代化，提高农村居民 的整体生活质量。分析句子结构可知，live与逻辑主 语those构成主动关系，应用现在分词，作定语。故 填living。
③考查定语从句。句意：该倡议的一个重要 方面是改善农村基础设施，包括建设更好的道路、 桥梁和供水系统，以提高运输和农业活动的效率。 此处是限定性定语从句，修饰先行词improvement, 指物，关系词在从句作主语，应用关系代词that引导。故填 which。
④考查非谓语动词。句意：该倡议的一个重 要方面是改善农村基础设施，包括建设更好的道 路、桥梁和供水系统，以提高运输和农业活动的效 率。分析句子结构可知，improve在句中作目的状 语，应用动词不定式。故填to improve。
⑤考查名词复数。句意：另一个重点是推广 现代农业技术。technique为可数名词，结合语境可 知，数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填techniques。
⑥考查介词。句意：通过引进先进的农业方 法和技术，如有机农业和机械的使用，农民能够在 不破坏环境的情况下提高生产力和收入。后跟动名 词作宾语，表示“不，没有”应用介词without。故填 without。
⑦考查时态语态。句意：我们正在努力/已 经努力恢复地方传统，这不仅丰富了农村的文化多 样性，而且为文化旅游和可持续发展创造了新的机 会。此处主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合语境此处 可知，表示正在进行可用现在进行时的被动语态； 陈述事实可用一般现在时的被动语态或表示过去发 生的动作对现在产生影响，用现在完成时的被动语 态，主语为复数名词，谓语用复数。故填are being made/are made/have been made。
⑧考查名词。句意：我们正在努力/已经努 力恢复地方传统，这不仅丰富了农村的文化多样 性，而且为文化旅游和可持续发展创造了新的机 会。
此处作动词的宾语，应用名词diversity“多样 性”，不可数。故填diversity。 ⑨考查连词。句意：该倡议还旨在通过修复 传统房屋和建设公共设施来改善农村地区的生活环 境。此处the restoration of traditional houses与后文the construction of public facilities为并列关系，应用连词 and。故填and。
⑩考查形容词。句意：通过“一带一路”建 设，中国正在努力建设一个更加繁荣和谐的农村， 为农村居民提供更好的机会，提高生活质量。此处 修饰名词countryside,应用形容词harmonious“和谐 的”，作定语。故填harmonious。
27．答案：
Dear Mr. Smith,
I’ve heard the news that you are recruiting volunteers for the “Chinese traditional culture into the campus” activity to be held next week. So I am writing to apply to be one of the volunteers because I love Chinese traditional culture so much that I can devote myself to serving the participants.
First of all, with a very good command of English, I can speak the language fluently, which makes me more qualified to help foreigners. Besides, not only do I have the ability to organize activities, but also I am outgoing and energetic, allowing me to communicate with strangers without difficulty.
I would appreciate it if you could consider my application. I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
解析：本篇书面表达是属于申请信。假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们学校下周准备开展一次“中国传统文化进校园”活动,届时一些外国友人也会应邀参加,现正在招募志愿服务人员,请你用英文给负责人Mr. Smith写一封申请信。
1.词汇积累
热爱: love→be fond of
致力于:devote→contribute
同时:meanwhile→at the same time
感激: appreciate→grateful
考虑:consider→think over
2.句式拓展
变换句式
原句:I've heard the news that you are recruiting volunteers for the "Chinese traditional culture into the campus" activity to be held next week.
拓展句:I've heard the news that you are recruiting volunteers for the“Chinese traditional culture into the campus” activity, which will be held next week.
[高分句型1]Besides, with a very good command of English, I can speak the language fluently, which makes me more qualified to help foreigners.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]Meanwhile, not only do I have the ability to organize activities, but also I am outgoing and energetic, allowing me to communicate with strangers without difficulty.( not only...but also引导的倒装句,现在分词作结果状语)
28．答案：
Born in July 1924 in Beijing, Ye Jiaying is a Chinese-born Canadian poet and scholar of classical Chinese literature.
Professor Ye devoted herself to carrying forward classical Chinese poetry. And with the popularity of her great works, she has become famous among the people who love Chinese poetry. Apart from her academic contributions, she also donated about 35 million yuan to Nankai University to support the study of traditional Chinese culture.
Professor Ye has demonstrated the spirit of craftsmanship in the spread of Chinese culture and truly deserves our respect.
29．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，我的同学大都出身富裕的郊区家庭，那里以白人为主，他们往上几代家族成员都接受过良好的教育。A. teachers老师；B. classmates同学；C. colleagues同事；D. neighbors邻居。根据“Neither of my parents had graduated from middle school and I was the first in my family to ever enter a college campus.”可知，这里对比的是和作者同身份的学生。故选B项。
30．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，我的同学大都出身富裕的郊区家庭，那里以白人为主，他们往上几代家族成员都接受过良好的教育。A. complex复杂的；B. remote遥远的；C. rich富的；D. ordinary普通的。根据前文的“Most of my life I had lived in a Black and Latino community.”可知，作者的家境一般，通过本句的“By contrast”可知，与作者相反，同学们的家境富裕，故选C项。
31．答案：A
解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：我没有与人分享心中的烦闷，而是将自己封闭起来，专注学习，希望以此能熬过艰难的求学生涯。A. Instead of而不是；B. Regardless of不管；C. Ahead of在...前；D. Apart from除了。后文的“closed myself”与“sharing with others”形成反差，可知，此处应该意为“而是，作为……的替换”。故选A项。
32．答案：B
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：我没有与人分享心中的烦闷，而是将自己封闭起来，专注学习，希望以此能熬过艰难的求学生涯。A. relied on依赖；B. focused on聚焦于，专注于；C. gave up放弃；D. took up占用。通过前文“thought I could get through it”可知，作者渴望通过专注于学习来熬过艰难的求学生涯。故选B项。
33．答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，故事还没有结束。A. Unusually不同寻常地；B. Positively积极地；C. Instantly立刻；D. Fortunately幸运地。上一句提到“drop out”指出作者决定退学，后文“wasn’t the end of the story”说明一切并未结束。可知，此句与上一句构成转折关系，说明作者是幸运的。故选D项。
34．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我找到了继续完成大学学业的力量和向导。A. curiosity好奇心；B. comfort舒适；C. strength强度，力量；D. intention打算。通过文章标题，以及后文中多次提到的“power”，可以推断出这里作者找到了心中的“力量”。故选C项。
35．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：心理咨询为我提供了一个表达情绪的空间。A. adjust调整，适应；B. express表达；C. control控制；D. relieve缓解。通过后文“she helped me feel powerful”可知心理咨询师帮助作者变得强大，为作者提供了表达问题的空间。故选B项。
36．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：咨询师为我推荐书籍和其他资源，让我正视当下的经历，帮助我变得强大起来。A. training培训；B. motivation动机；C. credits学分，信用 ；D. resources资源。通过前面的“books”可知，心理咨询师为作者推荐书籍和其他资源。故选D项。
37．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我自愿参加了学校的一个组织，这让我不断回想起自己进入大学的初衷。A. ambition追求的目标；B. reminder提醒；C. memory记忆；D. practice实践。此处作者想表达参加社团提醒了自己回想起进入大学的初衷。故选B项。
38．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我与学生的互动，让我想起了我在家里的朋友，激励我为低收入青年获得高等教育的机会而努力。A. approaches接近；B. guides指导；C. subscription订阅；D. access通道，入径。根据设空处前的“work for”以及后文的“higher education for low-income youth”可知，作者想要为低收入青年接受高等教育而努力，让他们有机会接受高等教育。故选D项。
39．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还参与了夏季城市项目，与一群学生领袖合作，发起专题讨论，探讨种族和阶级问题。A. entered进入；B. absorbed吸收；C. attended出席；D. participated参与。根据下文“ where I cooperated with a group of student leaders to start a conference”可知，我还参与了夏季城市项目。固定词组get involved in 意为“参与”，这里表示作者参与了夏季城市项目。故选D项。
40．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还参与了夏季城市项目，与一群学生领袖合作，发起专题讨论，探讨种族和阶级问题。 A. suggestions建议；B. messages消息；C. issues问题；D. examples示例。通过前文“start a conference”以及后文“of race and class”可知，作者与学生们针对一个专题进行了讨论。故选C项。
41．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：知识就是力量。A. Confidence信心；B. Knowledge知识；C. Bravery勇敢；D. Construction建设。本句是本段的总结句，根据下文“I read books and chose courses to learn”可知，知识就是力量。故选B项。
42．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我阅读书籍，有意选择课程，以了解更多有关移民、种族、社会阶层和城市教育的话题。A. exposed暴露；B. applied应用；C. introduced介绍； D. related联系。根据前文“I read books and intentionally chose courses to learn more about topics”以及后文“immigration, race, social class and urban education”可知，作者有意了解与移民、种族、社会阶层和城市教育有联系的话题。be related to意为“与……相关的”。故选D项。
43．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些书籍和课程让我对自己遭受种族压迫的经历得到了深刻的理解。A. gain获得；B. link 连接；C. show显示；D. experience经验，体验。根据前文的“helped”以及后文“a much deeper understanding of my own racial experiences of oppression”可知，作者对于自己的经历得到了深刻理解。故选A项。
44．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在指定的手术 日，他和他的妻子把泰勒带到丹佛的科罗拉多儿童 医院。A.injury受伤；B.accident事故；C.operation 操作，手术；D.examination检查。根据上文“In 2008, Calvin Lowe's four-year-old son Tyler needed to have a serious surgery.(2008年，卡尔文·洛四岁的儿 子泰勒需要做一次严重的手术可知，此处指手术) ”。故选C。
45．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：“当我们坐在 候诊室里，等着有人叫我们回手术室的时候，我们 的心里充满了焦虑，”洛回忆道。A.call呼叫；B. drive驾驶；C.move移动；D.rush急忙。根据后 文“When a nurse called the family back”指他们在等着 有人来叫他们回去手术室看望病人。故选A。
46．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：“当我们坐在 候诊室里，等着有人叫我们回手术室的时候，我们 的心里充满了焦虑，”洛回忆道。A.shock震惊；B. anxiety焦虑；C.sadness悲伤；D.anger愤怒。根据上 文“In 2008, Calvin Lowe's four-year-old son Tyler needed to have a serious surgery.(2008年，卡尔文·洛 四岁的儿子泰勒需要做一次严重的手术)”可知，儿 子在做手术，因此父母是感到焦虑。故选B。
47．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当一名护士把 这家人叫回来时，洛的恐惧越来越大。A.faded褪 色；B.grew生长；C.appeared出现；D.stopped停 止。根据上文"When a nurse called the family back, Lowe's fears"可知，家人被叫回去，因此对儿子手术 结果的恐惧越来越大了。故选B。
48．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的医 生走进房间，告诉这对夫妇他将做这场手术。A. receiving收到；B.recording记录；C.missing错过； D.performing表演，执行。根据后文“how the surgery would proceed”可知，这名医生是执行手术的人。故 选D。
49．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当医生开始解 释手术将如何进行时，洛的脑子里想到了最坏的可 能结果。A.learn学习；B.discover发现；C.explain 解释；D.guess猜测。根据后文“how the surgery would proceed”可知，医生开始解释手术将如何进 行。故选C。
50．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当医生开始解 释手术将如何进行时，洛的脑子里想到了最坏的可 能结果。A.option选择；B.reaction反应；C. approach方法；D.outcome结果。根据后文“Lowe's mind went to the worst possible”可知，随着医生的解 释，洛的脑子里想到了最坏的可能结果。故选D。
51．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是后来医生做了一件意想不到的事。A.unexpected意外的； B.confusing令人困惑的；C.necessary必要的；D. excellent出色的。根据后文"He looked both Lowe and his wife in the eye, put a ______ hand on each of their shoulders, and said, "Today, your son is my son. " "可知，医生用行为和话语出乎意外地安慰了他 们。故选A。
52．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他看着洛和他 的妻子的眼睛，把一只安慰的手放在他们的肩膀 上，说：“今天，你的儿子就是我的儿子。”A. balancing平衡；B.leading带领；C.comforting安慰； D.directing指导。根据后文"hand on each of their shoulders, and said, "Today, your son is my son. " "可知 医生的行为和话在于安慰这对夫妻。故选C。
53．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：手术结束 后，医生带着灿烂的笑容出来对这家人说：“我们的 儿子很好，几分钟后你们就可以在这里看到他 了。”A.nurse护士；B.doctor医生；C.patient病人; D.photographer摄影师。根据上文“Today, your son is my son.”可知，来通知消息是刚刚那个安慰他们的医生。故选B。
54．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：手术结束 后，医生带着灿烂的笑容出来对这家人说：“我们的 儿子很好，几分钟后你们就可以在这里看到他 了。”A.leave离开；B.see看见；C.catch抓住；D. train训练。根据上文“Our son is just fine, and you can”可知，手术很成功，几分钟后就可以看到儿子 了。故选B。
55．答案：D
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：手术后这么 多年，洛仍然想起那位年轻医生的善良。A.passes on传递；B.replies to回答；C.pays off取得回报；D. thinks about想起，思考。根据后文“the young doctor's kindness”指多年后，仍然想到医生的善举。 故选D。
56．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为那确实 减轻了当时的压力。A.reliet宽慰；B.reminder提醒 物；C.secret秘密；D.source来源。根据后文“and meaningful”可知，医生安慰的话语减轻了他们当时 的压力，短语a relief of stress表示“缓解压力”。故选 A。
57．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我无法表 达我们对他那天对我们说的话有多感激。A.eager渴 望的；B.proud骄傲的；C.grateful感谢的；D. regretful后悔的。根据上文可知，医生的话缓解了他们压力和不安，所以是感激。故选C。
58．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很有帮 助，也很有意义。A.helpful有帮助的；B.successful 成功的；C.typical典型的；D.educational教育的。 上文提到医生的话缓解了他们的压力，所以是有帮助的。故选A。
英语
一、阅读理解
In 2015, Professor Wang Zhenyi, who specializes in treating acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) (急性早幼粒细胞白血病), received a letter of thanks from America. The writer of the letter was Mrs. Bernadette Giandomenico, who once suffered from APL but was cured with all-trans retinoic acid(ATRA) (全反式维甲酸), a treatment developed by Wang and his medical team.
Working at Ruijin Hospital, Wang has been devoting his life to the treatment of leukemia. He received the country's highest honor in science and technology in 2010.
Born in 1924 in Shanghai, Wang was inspired by a family friend's experience of pursuing a career in medicine as a child. His grandmother's death caused by typhoid further strengthened his resolve to fight against diseases and rescue patients. With outstanding academic performance, Wang became a doctor at Guangci Hospital, today's Ruijin Hospital.
In 1978, a research paper from Israeli experts gave Wang inspiration to study how leukemia cells could become normal. Nonetheless, his research didn't progress as expected. In 1983, another research paper shed light on his study. As the paper suggested, after being treated with 13-cis-Retinoic Acid, white blood cells in patients with APL could become normal. Considering the difficulties and high cost of producing a drug made from 13-cis-Retinoic Acid, Wang's team decided to replace that ingredient with ATRA, and they finally verified its positive effect after several months' experiments. In 1986, the drug was first adopted in treating a five-year-old patient. It turned out to be successful. After eight years of research, Wang's team eventually made the first breakthrough in the battle against APL.
To make sure every APL patient could afford the medicine, Wang has not patented his research result to date. "One cannot be a real doctor if one does not have expertise in medicine," Wang said in an interview. "However, without a kind heart, a skilled doctor may cause harm to patients."
Having worked in the field of hematopathology(血液病理学) for over 70 years, Wang has been well recognized for his remarkable contribution to saving lives.
1．Why did Mrs. Giandomenico write a letter to Professor Wang
A.To ask for medical suggestions.
B.To share her battle against APL.
C.To express her appreciation.
D.To update information about her treatment.
2．What increased Wang's determination to become a doctor
A.His grandmother's death. B.His great academic achievement.
C.The inspiration from foreign experts. D.The experience of a family friend.
3．What does the underlined word "verified" in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A.Denied. B.Assessed. C.Predicted. D.Confirmed.
4．What is the best title for the text
A.The application of ATRA B.A doctor with the human touch
C.The Chinese cure for APL patients D.A lifesaver with remarkable honor
Huang Danian, the well-known Chinese geophysicist, was born in 1958 in Guangxi, China. As a keen and able student, Huang went to the UK in 1993 to further his studies.
By the time Huang moved back to China in 2008, he had been living and working in the UK for15 years. He had a good job and life there, but he gave it all up to return home driven by the idea that he needed to contribute to his country. As one of the world's leading experts in deep earth exploration technology, Huang took up a position at Jilin University, Changchun.
Huang was named lead scientist on China's deep earth exploration programme, developing advanced cameras that can see through the Earth's crust(地壳) so that it can be analysed without having to dig into it. He set up an advanced lab, sometimes paying for equipment with his own money. Some described him as a "lunatic" (a "madman"), but this passion and drive enabled Huang to push forwards China's deep earth exploration technology into a world-leading position. Huang's devotion contributed to China's lunar probe(月球探测器) YuTu being landed on the moon in 2013 and the launch of the spacecraft Shenzhou-11 and Tiangong-2 in 2016.
Huang's health also paid the price for his commitment to his work. He began having fainting fits(昏厥) in 2012, but paid them little attention, stating he did not have time to go to see a doctor—his work always came first. In November 2016, Huang fainted and was taken to hospital, where he was diagnosed with cancer. The disease was so advanced that he had just a couple of months to live.
Like the true scientist he was, Huang never gave up, but always tried to push forwards. Even from his hospital bed, he continued his work, writing letters of reference for his colleagues and replying to questions from his students. Huang died in January 2017, aged just 58. More than 800 people attended his funeral to celebrate a life that burned so bright, but was so short.
5．Why did Huang return to China in 2008
A.Because he desired to devote himself to his motherland.
B.Because he had a good job and life here.
C.Because Jilin University offered him a top position.
D.Because he wasn't satisfied with the life in the UK.
6．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A.China's aerospace development.
B.Huang's working attitude and style.
C.Huang's great contributions to China.
D.China's deep earth exploration technology.
7．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs
A.The working environment caused Huang's disease.
B.Huang worked continuously despite his poor health.
C.Huang was taken to hospital after he fainted in 2012.
D.A large sum of money was paid to treat Huang's illness.
8．Which of the following can be used to describe Huang Danian
A.Generous and honest. B.Passionate and patient.
C.Modest and courageous. D.Patriotic and committed.
Throughout history scientists have risked their health and their lives searching for truths.
Sir Isaac Newton, the seventeenth century scientist, was very smart, but nonetheless, that didn't stop him from doing some pretty stupid things. In his laboratory in Cambridge he often did the strangest experiments. Once, while testing how light passes through lenses, he put a long needle into his eye, pushed it to the back, and then moved it around just to see what would happen. Luckily, nothing long-lasting did. On another occasion he stared at the sun for as long as he could bear, to discover what effect this would have on his sight. Again he escaped suffering permanent damage, though he had to spend some days in a darkened room before his eyes recovered.
In the 1770s the Swedish chemist Carl Scheele was the first person to find a way to produce phosphorus(磷).He in fact discovered eight more chemical elements including chlorine, though he didn't get any acclaim for them. He was a very clever scientist, but his one failing was a curious habit of tasting some of every substance he worked with. This risky practice finally caught up with him, and in 1786 he was found dead in his laboratory surrounded by a large number of dangerous chemicals, any of which might have been responsible for his death.
Eugene Shoemaker was a respected geologist. He spent a large part of his life studying craters(火山口) on the moon, and how they were formed, and later did research into the comets of the planet Jupiter. In 1997 he and his wife were in the Australian desert where they went every year to search for places where comets might have hit the earth. While driving in the Tanami desert, normally one of the emptiest places in the world, another vehicle crashed into them and Shoemaker was killed on the spot. Some of his ashes were sent to the moon aboard the Lunar Prospector spacecraft and left there—he is the only person who has had this honor.
9．Which word is similar to the underlined word "permanent" in Paragraph 2
A.Brief. B.Lasting. C.Slight. D.Ordinary.
10．What do we know about Carl Scheele according to this text
A.He was killed by tasting phosphorus.
B.He killed himself with some dangerous chemicals.
C.His habit of tasting chemicals might account for his death.
D.He got a large number of honors for discovering many chemical elements.
11．As for Shoemaker, what can we learn from the passage
A.He was knocked over and died in a desert.
B.All of his ashes were placed on the moon.
C.One comet of Jupiter was named after him.
D.A spacecraft carrying him traveled around Jupiter.
12．What does the text mainly talk about
A.Three great scientists' famous experiments.
B.Three great scientists' great achievements.
C.Three great scientists' sacrifice for truths.
D.Three great scientists' special honors.
Winning a remarkable science award is really a big deal, especially if you are 12 years old. But Shanya Gill, a middle schooler from San Jose, California, won the top award in the Thermo Fisher Scientific Junior Innovators Challenge for designing a fire detection system that is superior to existing ones, as stated in the press release.
“The top winners have exhibited boundless curiosity,” Maya Ajmera president and CEO of Society for Science, said in the press release. “Their remarkable research not only reflects their talent but also paves the way for an exciting new future.”
Shanya’s inspiration came after a fire destroyed a restaurant in her neighborhood during the summer of 2022, reported The Washington Post. “I had never really experienced something like that before,” she told The Washington Post about the early morning fire at Holder’s Country Inn, which started in the kitchen. “They had smoke detectors. and yet it still burned down,” she added.
After she studied fire statistics, Shaya spent over a year developing a fire detection system that she believes could have prevented the fire. Unlike traditional smoke detectors that sense active fires from the smoke in the air, Shanya’s thermal (热的) imaging device is designed to stop fires from occurring.
With a thermal camera and a Raspberry Pi, a tiny computer the device detects when a heat source has been left unattended for ten minutes and sends a text message warning. Creating the prototype(原型) was difficult and the hardest part was the programming, “I had two designs, and my first design completely failed. It was a really big challenge I had to go through.” she said. The final device outperforms smoke detectors in speed and accuracy. Shanya wants to bring the costs down to make it even more common than hardwired smoke detectors.
“Shanya saw a problem, went after it and tried to solve it, and that’s what we need to encourage with all young people,” said Ajmera. She also highlighted the significance of supporting individuals, especially girls and kids of color, in STEM fields, as research indicates that many young people drop out of these areas.
13．What can we learn about Shanya from the first two paragraphs
A. She gained a lot of money in the award.
B. She showed a curious nature as a schooler.
C. She set a big stage for young people her age.
D. She was junior to other winners in performance.
14．What motivated Shanya to develop her fire detection system
A. Her desire to win the science award.
B. Her experience of a destructive fire.
C. Her interest in computer programming.
D. Her goal to improve STEM education for girls.
15．What is an advantage of Shanya’s invention
A. It consists of two parts that are easier to conduct.
B. It can send out a warning against a potential fire.
C. It can detect active fires from the smoke in the air.
D. It functions when a fire breaks out within 10 minutes.
16．Which of the following can best describe Shanya
A. Reliable. B. Cooperative. C. Innovative. D. Generous.
Scientists have shown how plants can protect themselves against genetic(基因的) damage caused by environmental stresses. The growing tips of plant roots and shoots have an in-built mechanism (机制) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected, avoiding passing on faulty DNA.
Plants have small populations of stem cells(干细胞) at the tips of their roots and shoots, which enable them to continuously grow and produce new tissues throughout their lifetime. These stem cells serve as ancestors for plant tissues and organs. However, any genetic faults present in the stem cells will continue to exist and be passed on permanently throughout the plant’s life, which could last thousands of years.
Given the critical role of stem cells and their exposure to potentially dangerous environments at the growing tips of roots and shoots, safeguards are necessary to prevent stem cell faults from becoming fixed. Researchers Nick Fulcher and Robert Sablowski, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, aimed to uncover these protective mechanisms. Through experiments involving X-rays and chemicals, they discovered that stem cells were more sensitive to DNA damage compared to other cells.
When DNA damage occurs, the cells have the capacity to detect it and cause programmed cells to die, preventing the propagation of the damaged genetic code to the rest of the plant tissues. This process has similarities to the safeguard mechanism found in animal cells, which has been broadly studied due to its relevance in preventing cancer.
The identification of a similar protective system in plants is of great interest in the field of plant development. It also helps scientists develop plants that can better handle environmental stress. So knowledge of how plants deal with these stresses is of fundamental significance to agricultural science’s response to climate change.
17．What is the function of the in-built mechanism in plants
A. To produce more roots and shoots.
B. To increase the overall lifetime of the plant.
C. To enhance plant growth and nutrient intake.
D. To stop genetic faults in stem cells passing on.
18．What can we know about stem cells in plants according to the text
A. They are relatively abundant in quantity.
B. They are resistant to environmental stresses.
C. They make quick response to DNA damage.
D. They have the ability to repair damaged DNA.
19．What does the underlined word “propagation” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Spread. B. Change. C. Existence. D. Self-repair.
20．What does the last paragraph focus on
A. The way of dealing with climate change on the earth.
B. The significance of identifying the protective system in plants.
C. The method of ensuring plant survival under environmental stress.
D. The urgency of developing plants that can handle environmental stress.
二、七选五
21．Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don't beat yourself up about them. To err(犯错) is human. ①_____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading "Personal strengths." ②_____ Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don't have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you're proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading "Acts of kindness." On this one, list all the positive things you've done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ③_____
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ④_____ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don't wait until you've made a mistake to try this—it's a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It's something of a cliché(陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it's true. ⑤_____ We're all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A.A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B.Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C.They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D.It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E.It doesn't mean you have to ignore what's happened or forget it.
F.Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G.Whatever the mistake, remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality.
22．How to Feel Connected
It’s easy to feel disconnected from what is going on around you in today’s fast paced world.
①_______ However, by following the tips below you can get in touch and feel connected.
Consider why you feel disconnected. Knowing what is making you feel disconnected can help you choose the best ways to address it. ②_________ Ask yourself these questions: Are you keeping yourself occupied with work too much Do you rely on electronic communication instead of face to face communication Do you lack friendships that are satisfying
Interact with people in person. Technology is a great way to stay in touch, but sometimes you need to spend time with other people in person. ③_________ You can also take steps to feel more connected by making small talk with strangers who are sharing parts of your day.
④_________ Your loved ones could feel shy, so you may never know how to improve your relationship unless you ask the right questions. Asking them to open the doors can give you some insight on what you can do. Learning this information can help to strengthen your bond.
Show your commitment to them. Simply showing up and being there for your loved ones says a lot about how much you value your relationships. Putting in the time shows them that you are committed and want to stay connected. ⑤_________
Show appreciation. A simple “thank you” goes a very long way. Unfortunately, it is something that people who are close often take for granted. Telling someone you appreciate their time, love, and efforts can strengthen your bond and help you to become more connected.
A. Ask others what they need from you.
B. Sometimes you can feel isolated and distant from the ones you love.
C. Be brave to express your love.
D. Reach out to people to schedule a time to get together.
E. Attending family events, or simply visiting someone once a week can help to strengthen your relationship and keep it strong.
F. Targeting your efforts toward those issues allows you to close that distance more effectively.
G. You can have a gift delivered to friends on special occasions.
23．Pursue Your Dreams Today, Not Tomorrow
Have you caught yourself daydreaming about your dreams We often postpone our dreams, trapped in a cycle of delay. But why wait ① You don’t have to take a huge, life-changing step. You can take minute steps toward a brighter future. And start right now.
② If you never try, you’re going to be weighed down by your regrets. You’re always going to wonder how your life would've turned out if you actually took a chance on yourself. Don’t let your future self be disappointed by your present self.
It doesn’t matter how old you are or how many people have warned you that you’re never going to succeed. Even the most successful people have had their hesitations about whether they had what it took to make it in their field. ③ Embrace a mindset of determination, knowing that success is within your reach.
At the end of the day, you need to carve out a path for yourself that will lead to the most satisfaction. If you allow your fear to get the best of you, you're never going to forgive yourself. ④ . It’s what you would encourage your friends to do, so why aren't you giving yourself that same push
Sometimes, following your passion means spending a lot of your time each day. It may require making slight adjustments to your schedule, but you don't have to sacrifice everything to follow your hearts. Try to strike a balance between your current life and your dreams. ⑤
Pursue your dreams now, even though that means you might need to break out of your comfort zone, and even though it means entering the unknown.
A. Ask yourself what would be worse.
B. Starting small is completely acceptable.
C. You owe it to yourself to go after your dreams.
D. New opportunities may lead to personal growth.
E. If things go well, you can gradually make further shifts.
F. You need to move past your insecurities and explore your full potential.
G. Hard as it is, it's crucial to wave off the doubts in the back of your mind.
三、短文填空
24． Although he was a world-famous fashion photographer, Cunningham's approach ①_____ life was uncomplicated. He lived in a small apartment with a ②_____(share) washroom.
Cunningham never accepted the benefits offered to him for being a fashion photographer. He valued his integrity and would not be bought by anyone, no matter how many free clothes or flights to faraway destinations he ③_____(offer). And if he went to a celebrity party, he was there to work rather than have fun. "Money's the ④_____(cheap) thing," he once said, then added: "...⑤_____(free) is the most expensive." This lack of self-interest and promotion kept Cunningham focused on his craft, ⑥_____(enable) him to capture New York's unique street style.
Cunningham's passion for photography lasted throughout his life. He was 87 when he passed ⑦_____, and had been working right up until his last illness. His hard work made him more than a fashion photographer—he was a "cultural anthropologist", ⑧_____ we can thank for recording the life of a whole city and ⑨_____(it) people over half a century. Bill Cunningham was ⑩_____ observer, and not one of the observed, a worker not a star—and this was how he wanted it.
25． After I ①_____(lose) my right hand in a car accident two years ago, I began to withdraw into myself, ②_____(believe) I would never be able to lead a normal life again. I ③_____(equip) with an artificial hand, but it did not feel like part of me.
Even simple things like getting dressed were unbelievably difficult, ④_____ bothered me a lot. Three months ago, ⑤_____, all that changed when I was given the chance to test a new robotic hand.
Scientists have been making great progress in robotic technology in recent years, and their work on robotic limbs has changed my life. With my new hand, I can move my individual fingers and hold onto small things like pens and pencils. More ⑥_____(amazing), my robotic hand is capable of feeling varying degrees of pressure. It resembles a real hand. In addition, it looks very lifelike with special rubber ⑦_____(use) on the outside.
I have rediscovered all the ⑧_____(hobby) that I had enjoyed before the accident. For example, I have been cooking for my family again ⑨_____ I got my new hand. Not only can I do more, but I have also become ⑩_____(confident) and outgoing. I'm so grateful for all the new possibilities my robotic hand has opened up.
26．In recent years, China has been working hard to improve living conditions in rural areas through a program called the New Rural Development Initiative. ① goal of this initiative is to improve infrastructure(基础设施), modernize farming practices, and enhance the overall quality of life for those ② (live) in the countryside.
One important aspect of the initiative is the improvement of rural infrastructure ③ includes the construction of better roads, bridges, and watering systems ④ (improve) the efficiency of transportation and agricultural activities.
Another key focus is the promotion of modern agricultural ⑤ (technique). By introducing advanced farming methods and technologies, such as organic farming and the use of machinery, farmers are able to increase their productivity and income ⑥ damaging the environment.
Furthermore, the initiative emphasizes the importance of preserving traditional culture and heritage in rural communities. Efforts ⑦ (make) to regenerate local traditions, which not only enriches the cultural ⑧ (diverse) of the countryside but also creates new opportunities for cultural tourism and sustainable development. The initiative also aims to enhance the living environment in rural areas through the restoration of traditional houses ⑨ the construction of public facilities.
Through the initiative, China is working hard to create a more prosperous (繁荣的) and ⑩ (harmony) countryside, providing its rural residents with better opportunities and an improved quality of life.
四、书面表达
27．假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们学校下周准备开展一次“中国传统文化进校园”活动,届时一些外国友人也会应邀参加,现正在招募志愿服务人员,请你用英文给负责人Mr. Smith写一封申请信,内容包括：
1. 申请理由；
2. 个人优势；
3. 希望批准。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Mr. Smith,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
28．假定你是李华,你校英语报“Great People”专栏正在征文,请写一篇短文,介绍你心目中最具工匠精神的名人,并投稿。内容包括:
1.个人简介;
2.主要贡献;
3.事迹及荣誉。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
五、完形填空（15空）
For most of my life I had lived in the black and Latino community. Neither of my parents had graduated from middle school and I was the first in my family to ever enter a college campus. By contrast, most of my 1 came from generations of well educated family and had grown up in 2 white suburbs. In the college, 3 sharing with others how I was feeling, I closed myself and thought I could get through it if I just 4 study. However, during the weeks before the winter break, I finally decided I would drop out. 5 , that wasn’t the end of the story. I found 6 and guidance to continue to finish my college.
Consulting provided me with space to 7 my emotions. My consultant provided me with books and other 8 to understand what I was experiencing and she helped me feel powerful. Volunteering with a campus organization provided me with a constant 9 of why I was in college. My interactions with students, who reminded me so much of my own friends at home, inspired me to work for 10 to higher education for low income youth. I also 11 in a summer urban program, where I cooperated with a group of student leaders to start a conference to talk about 12 of race and class.
13 is power. I read books and chose courses to learn more about topics 14 to immigration, race, social class and urban education. These courses and books helped me 15 a much deeper understanding of my own racial experiences of oppression. Most importantly, I was equipped with the knowledge I needed to work against injustice and inequality.
29．A. teachers B. classmates C. colleagues D. neighbors
30．A. complex B. remote C. rich D. ordinary
31．A. Instead of B. Regardless of C. Ahead of D. Apart from
32．A. relied on B. focused on C. gave up D. took up
33．A. Unusually B. Positively C. Instantly D. Fortunately
34．A. curiosity B. comfort C. strength D. intention
35．A. adjust B. express C. control D. relieve
36．A. training B. motivation C. credits D. resources
37．A. ambition B. reminder C. memory D. practice
38．A. approaches B. guides C. subscription D. access
39．A. entered B. absorbed C. attended D. participated
40．A. suggestions B. messages C. issues D. examples
41．A. Confidence B. Knowledge C. Bravery D. Construction
42．A. exposed B. applied C. introduced D. related
43．A. gain B. link C. show D. experience
In 2008, Calvin Lowe's four-year-old son Tyler needed to have a serious surgery.
On the appointed day of the 1 , he and his wife brought Tyler to Children’s Hospital Colorado in Denver. “As we sat in the waiting room, waiting for someone to 2 us back to the surgery area, there was a lot of 3 in our hearts,” Lowe remembered.
When a nurse called the family back, Lowe’s fears 4 .A young doctor walked into the room and told the couple that he would be 5 the surgery. As the doctor began to 6 how the surgery would proceed, Lowe’s mind went to the worst possible 7 _, But then the doctor did something 8 .He looked both Lowe and his wife in the eye, put a 9 hand on each of their shoulders, and said, “Today, your son is my son.”
After the surgery was over, the 10 came back out to the family with a big smile and said, “Our son is just fine, and you can 11 him here in a few minutes.”
Tyler is now 19 years old and hopes to become a professional photographer. All these years after the surgery, Lowe still 12 the young doctor’s kindness. “I will never forget that,” Lowe said. “Because that was indeed a 13 of stress then. I can’t tell you how 14 we both were for what he said to us that day. It was very 15 and meaningful.”
44．A. injury B. accident C. operation D. examination
45．A. call B. drive C. move D. rush
46．A. shock B. anxiety C. sadness D. anger
47．A. faded B. grew C. appeared D. stopped
48．A. receiving B. recording C. missing D. performing
49．A. learn B. discover C. explain D. guess
50．A. option B. reaction C. approach D. outcome
51．A. unexpected B. confusing C. necessary D. excellent
52．A. balancing B. leading C. comforting D. directing
53．A. nurse B. doctor C. patient D. photographer
54．A. leave B. see C. catch D. train
55．A. passes on B. replies to C. pays off D. thinks about
56．A. relief B. reminder C. secret D. source
57．A. eager B. proud C. grateful D. regretful
58．A. helpful B. successful C. typical D. educational
参考答案
1．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“received a letter of thanks from America(收到一封来自美国的感谢信)”及“The writer of the letter was Mrs. Bernadette Giandomenico, who once suffered from APL but was cured with... a treatment developed by Wang and his medical team.(这封信的作者是贝尔纳黛特·詹多梅尼科太太,她曾患有急性早幼粒细胞白血病,但用全反式维甲酸治愈了,这是一种由王振义和他的医疗团队开发的治疗方法。)”可知,詹多梅尼科太太给王教授写信是为了表达她的感激。
2．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“His grandmother's death caused by typhoid further strengthened his resolve to fight against diseases and rescue patients.(他的祖母因伤寒去世,进一步坚定了他与病魔作斗争、挽救病人的决心。)”可知,祖母的死坚定了王振义成为一名医生的决心。
3．答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“its positive effect after several months' experiments. In 1986, the drug was first adopted in treating a five-year-old patient. It turned out to be successful.”可知,1986年,该药首次用于治疗一名5岁的病人,结果很成功。说明经过几个月的实验,王教授和他的团队最终证实了全反式维甲酸的积极效果。由此可知画线词意为“证实”。A.拒绝;B.评估:C.预测;D.证实。故选D。
4．答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段中的“ ‘One cannot be a real doctor if one does not have expertise in medicine,’ Wang said in an interview. ‘However, without a kind heart, a skilled doctor may cause harm to patients.’(王振义在一次采访中说: “一个人如果没有医学专业知识,就不能成为真正的医生。但是,如果没有一颗善良的心,一个技术娴熟的医生可能会对病人造成伤害。”)”,再结合文章主要介绍了王振义医生的个人经历以及他对白血病的研究过程和为挽救生命做出的卓越贡献可知,B项(一个有人情味的医生)最适合作文章标题。
5．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“but he gave it all up to return home driven by the idea that he needed to contribute to his country”可知,黄大年从英国回到祖国是因为他渴望为国家的发展贡献自己的力量。故选A。
6．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第三段末句“Huang's devotion contributed to...in 2016.”并结合本段其他内容可知,第三段介绍了他开发的先进相机可以穿透地壳,这样就可以在不深入地壳的情况下进行分析,他还建立了一个先进的实验室,正是这种激情和动力使黄大年把中国的地球深部探测技术推向了世界领先的地位。由此可知第三段主要介绍了黄大年对中国做出的巨大贡献。故选C。
7．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。由倒数第二段第二句“He began having fainting fits(昏厥)...came first.”及最后一段第二句“Even from his hospital bed...his students.”可知,他虽然患病住院但仍坚持工作。故选B。
8．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“He had a good job...his country.”可知,黄大年放弃英国的优厚待遇回国为祖国发展尽力,由此可知他是爱国的。综合最后两段介绍的他患重病但仍坚持工作可知他是敬业的、投入的。D项“(爱国的且投入的)”能非常准确地形容黄大年。故选D。
9．答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。第二段列举了Isaac Newton的两个实验,在第一个实验中,为了测试光线如何穿过透镜,他把一根长针插进眼睛,推到后面,然后移动它,看看会发生什么,结果是“Luckily, nothing long-lasting did.”。在第二个实验中,他久久地盯着太阳,想看看这对他的视力有什么影响,根据画线词所在句“Again he escaped suffering.….before his eyes recovered.”可知,Isaac Newton不得不在一间黑暗的房间里待上几天,直到他的眼睛恢复,说明他的眼睛避免了遭受永久性的伤害。结合本句中的“Again”可知,permanent与前文中的“long-lasting”对应,意为“永久的”。故选B。
10．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“He was a very clever scientist, but his one failing was a curious habit of tasting some of every substance he worked with...responsible for his death.(他是一个非常聪明的科学家,但他的一个缺点是有一个好奇的习惯,即对他所研究的每一种物质都要尝一些。这种危险的做法终于产生了问题。1786年,他被发现死在实验室里,周围有大量的危险化学品,任何一种化学品都有可能导致他的死亡。)”可推测,Carl Scheele喜欢品尝化学物质的习惯可能是他死亡的原因。故选C。
11．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“While driving in the Tanami desert, normally one of the emptiest places in the world, another vehicle crashed into them and Shoemaker was killed on the spot.”可知,当Shoemaker和他的妻子在塔纳米沙漠开车时,另一辆车撞上了他们,Shoemaker当场死亡。故选A。
12．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“Throughout history scientists have risked their health and their lives searching for truths.”并结合文章主要讲述了Isaac Newton、Carl Scheele以及Eugene Shoemaker三位科学家冒着健康和生命危险寻找真理的事迹可知,文章主要讲了三位伟大的科学家为真理所做的牺牲。故选A。
13．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段"The top winners have exhibited boundless curiosity(顶级获奖者表现出 了无限的好奇心）"可知，Shanya表现出学者好奇的 天性。故选B。
14．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段"Shanya's inspiration came after a fire destroyed a restaurant in her neighborhood during the summer of 2022, reported The Washington Post.(据《华盛顿邮报》报道，Shanya的 灵感来自于2022年夏天一场大火烧毁了她家附近的 一家餐馆) "可知，经历了一场毁灭性的火灾促使 Shanya开发她的火灾探测系统。故选B。
15．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"Witha thermal camera and a Raspberry Pi, a tiny computer the device detects when a heat source has been left unattended for ten minutes and sends a text message warning.(该设备配有热像仪和Raspberry Pi,配有一 台微型计算机，当热源无人看管超过10分钟时，它 就会检测到，并发出短信警告）"可知，Shanya的发 明优点在于可以发出潜在火灾的警告。故选B。
16．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段"But Shanya Gill, a middle schooler from San Jose, California, won the top award in the Thermo Fisher Scientific Junior Innovators Challenge for designing a fire detection system that is superior to existing ones, as stated in the press release.(但是，来自加州圣何塞的中学生Shanya Gill在赛默飞世尔科学少年创新者挑战赛中获得了最 高奖项，因为她设计了一种优于现有系统的火灾探 测系统) "可推知，Shanya发明了一种优于现有系统 的火灾探测系统，说明她很有创新精神。故选C。
17．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“The growing tips of plant roots and shoots have an in-built mechanism(机制)that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected, avoiding passing on faulty DNA.(植物的根 和芽的生长尖端有一个内置的机制，如果检测到 DNA损伤，就会导致细胞死亡，从而避免将有缺陷 的DNA传递给下一代）”可知，植物内建机制的功能 是阻止干细胞中的基因缺陷遗传下去。故选D。
18．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Through experiments involving X-rays and chemicals, they discovered that stem cells were more sensitive to DNA damage compared to other cells.通过涉及x射线和化 学物质的实验，他们发现干细胞比其他细胞对DNA 损伤更敏感”可知，植物中的干细胞对DNA损伤做 出快速反应。故选C。
19．答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“When DNA damage occurs, the cells have the capacity to detect it and cause programmed cells to die, preventing the”以及后文“of the damaged genetic code to the rest of the plant tissues”可知，当DNA受损时，细胞有能 力检测到它，并导致程序化细胞死亡，防止受损的 遗传密码传播到植物组织的其他部分。故划线词意 思是“传播”。故选A。
20．答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The identification of a similar protective system in plants is of great interest in the field of plant development. It also helps scientists develop plants that can better handle environmental stress. So knowledge of how plants deal with these stresses is of fundamental significance to agricultural science's response to climate change.(在植 物中发现类似的保护系统在植物发育领域具有重要 意义。它还帮助科学家培育出能够更好地应对环境 压力的植物。因此，了解植物如何应对这些压力对 农业科学应对气候变化具有重要意义）”可知，最后 一段的重点是识别植物保护系统的意义。故选B。
21．答案：DBFCG
解析：①空前提到为错误承担责任是好的,但不要因为错误过分自责,人都会犯错。后句提到使用下面的写作训练来做到这一点(do this)。代词this提示设空处要提到某一种做法。D项(给自己一些宽恕同样重要)中的show yourself some forgiveness与后句中的do this呼应。故选D。
②本段主要说的是“Personal strengths”。空后用一系列问句点明个人优点的具体内容。最后一句中的aspects of your personality that you're proud of 与B 项中的characteristics you like about yourself呼应。且B项与下一段第二句句式一致(list all the...),代入原文中语义连贯。故选B。
③本段主要说的是“Acts of kindness”。第二句提到列举所有你为他人做过的好事,第三句举例说明—帮朋友做作业,主动熨衣服,在家人累了一天后做饼干。这些都是很小的事情,与F项中的no matter how small it might seem呼应。F项中的write it down与文中的list 呼应。故选F。
④前一句提到让朋友或家人帮助在清单上添加内容,后一句提到以这种方式,你可以和朋友或家人交换想法。浏览选项可以发现,C项中的They呼应前一句中的a friend or family member,代入原文后与前后文衔接自然。故选C。
⑤本段主要说的是人们从错误中学习。G项中的mistake 与本段首句的mistakes呼应,G项中的isn't a fixed aspect of your personality 与后句中的all changing and learning呼应。故选G。
22．答案：①-⑤BFEAC
解析：①根据下文“You can get in touch and feel connected, however, by following the tips below(不过，你可以通过下面的建议来让自己与人保持联系，让自己不觉得孤独)”中however可推知，上文内容应该是讲你与人疏远，感到孤独，B项“Sometimes you can feel isolated and distant from the ones you love.(有时你会觉得与你所爱的人疏远了)”符合语境，且与首句“It's easy to feel disconnected from what is going on around you in today's fast-paced world.(在当今快节奏的世界里，你很容易与周围发生的事情脱节)”有顺承关系。故选B项。
②F项“Targeting your efforts toward those issues allows you to close that distance more effectively.(把你的努力集中在那些事情上可以让你更有效地拉近与别人的距离)”中those issues指代上文“ Knowing what is making you feel disconnected can help you choose the best ways to address it. (知道是什么让你感到孤立可以帮助你选择最好的方法来解决它)”中what is making you feel disconnected，且两句语意有顺承关系。故选F项。
③根据小标题“Interact with people in person. ”可知，本段主要讲与人互动；再根据下文“You can also take steps to feel more connected by making small-talk with strangers who are sharing parts of your day.(你也可以通过主动与在一天中遇到的陌生人闲聊的方式来让自己感觉与人更亲近)”中also可知，上文内容也是讲如何与人建立联系，E项“Attending family events, or simply visiting someone once a week can help to strengthen your relationship and keep it strong.(参加家庭活动，或者只是每周拜访某人一次，可以帮助加强你们的关系并保持牢固)”列举了一些与人保持联系的方式，符合语境，同时也是对小标题的照应。故选E项。
④设空处为段落小标题；根据段中“Your loved ones could feel shy, so you may never know how to improve your relationship unless you ask the right questions.(你爱的人可能会感到害羞，所以你可能永远不知道如何改善你们的关系，除非你问对了问题)”和“Asking them to open the doors can give you some insight on what you can do.(请他们为你开门可以让你了解自己能做些什么)”可知，本段讲要改善关系就要主动去问别人需要你做些什么。故选A项。
⑤根据小标题“Show your commitment to them.(展示你对他们的承诺)”和段中“Simply showing up and being there for your loved ones says a lot about how much you value your relationships. Putting in the time shows them that you are committed and want to stay connected.(仅仅是出现在你爱的人身边，就能说明你有多重视你们的关系。投入时间让他们知道你是忠诚的并想要和他们保持联系)”可知，本段主要阐述了表达自己承诺的重要性，要让你爱的人知道你的爱，C项“Be brave to express your love.(勇敢地表达你的爱)”符合语境，且句中express与文中多次提到的“show”相照应。故选C项。
23．答案：1-4BCGFE
解析：①联系下文题。根据后文 You don't have to take a huge, life-changing step. You can take minute steps toward a brighter future. And start right now.(你不需 要迈出巨大的、改变人生的一步。你可以一步一步 走向更光明的未来。现在就开始）可知，后文提到 了不需要迈出巨大的、改变人生的一步，可知本句 是在建议从小的地方开始。故B选项“从小处开始是完全可以接受的”符合语境，故选B。
②联系下文题。根据本段内容 If you never try, you're going to be weighed down by your regrets. You're always going to won der how your life would've turned out if you actually took a chance on yourself. Don't let your future self be disappointed by your present self. （如果你从不尝试，你就会被你的遗憾压垮。你总 是想知道，如果你真的给自己一个机会，你的生活 会变成什么样子。不要让未来的自己被现在的自己 失望）可知，本段的主旨是给自己一个改变生活的 机会，即建议去追求自己的梦想。故C选项“你应该为自己去追求你的梦想”符合语境，故选C。
③联系下文题。根据后文 Embrace a mindset of determination, knowing that success is within your reach.(拥有一种坚定的心态，知道成功是触 手可及的）可知，后文提到要拥有坚定的心态，可 知要拜托怀疑的心态。故G选项“尽管困难重重，但摆脱心中的疑虑是至关重要的”符合语境，故选G。
④联系上文题。根据上文 At the end of the day, you need to carve out a path for yourself that will lead to the most satisfaction. If you allow your fear to get the best of you, you're never going to forgive yourself.(在一天结束的时候，你需要为自己开辟一条通往最大 满足感的道路。如果你让恐惧占据了你最好的一 面，你永远不会原谅自己）可知，上文提到不要让 恐惧占据了你最好的一面，即建议要克服恐惧和不 安全感，来发掘潜力。故F选项“你需要克服你的不安全感，发掘你的全部潜力”符合语境，故选F。
⑤联系上文题。根据上文 Sometimes, following your passion means spending a lot of your time each day. It may require making slight adjustments to your schedule, but you don't have to sacrifice everything to follow your hearts. Try to strike a balance between y our current life and your dreams.(有时候，追随 你的激情意味着每天花费大量的时间。这可能需要 对你的时间表做一些调整，但你不必为了跟随自己 的内心而牺牲一切。试着在你现在的生活和你的梦 想之间取得平衡）可知，上文提到了在你现在的生 活和你的梦想之间取得平衡，本句为本段最后一句，故说明这么做的结果。故E选项“如果一切顺利，你可以逐渐做出进一步的改变”符合语境，故 选E。
24．答案：①to②shared③was offered④cheapest⑤freedom⑥enabling⑦away⑧who/whom⑨its⑩an
解析：①考查介词。one's approach to...意为“某人……的方式”。
②考查过去分词。设空处作定语修饰名词washroom, washroom与动词share之间是被动关系,故此处应用过去分词形式,故填shared。
③考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。根据语境可知此处表示过去的事,应用一般过去时,且he与offer之间为被动关系,因此用一般过去时的被动语态。此处主语是he,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,故填was offered。
④考查形容词最高级。设空处与下文中的the most expensive形成对比,且由设空处前的定冠词the可知,此处应用形容词的最高级形式。
⑤考查名词。设空处作主语,表示“自由”,应用名词freedom。
⑥考查现在分词。设空处为分词作状语,enable与其逻辑主语之间为主动关系,故应用现在分词形式。
⑦考查副词。pass away意为“去世”。
⑧考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知,此处为非限制性定语从句,先行词指人,关系词在从句中作宾语,故用who或whom引导非限制性定语从句。
⑨考查代词。设空处修饰名词people,应用形容词性物主代词its,意为“它的”,此处指“这个城市的”。
⑩考查冠词。此处表泛指,且observer以元音音素开头,故填不定冠词an。
25．答案：①lost②believing③was equipped④which⑤however⑥amazingly⑦used⑧hobbies⑨since⑩more confident
解析：①考查时态。句意:在两年前的一场车祸中失去右手后,我开始自我封闭,认为自己再也不能过正常的生活了。设空处为After引导的时间状语从句的谓语,根据时间状语“two years ago”可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时。故填lost。
②考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知,本句为主从复合句,After引导时间状语从句,主句“I began to withdraw...a normal life again”中已有谓语动词 began,故此处应用非谓语动词。动词believe和其逻辑主语I之间是主动关系,应用现在分词作状语。故填believing。
③考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:我配备了一只假手,但感觉它不像我的一部分。主语I和动词equip之间是被动关系,且此处是描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语I表示单数意义,be动词用was。故填was equipped。
④考查定语从句。句意:即使是像穿衣服这样简单的事情也极其困难,这让我很困扰。设空处无提示词,空前有逗号,且逗号前面的句子意思完整,不缺成分,而空后句子缺少主语,故推测此处为非限制性定语从句。设空处修饰前面整个主句的内容,在从句中作主语,故用which引导非限制性定语从句。
⑤考查副词。句意:然而,三个月前,当我有机会测试一只新的机械手时,一切都改变了。上文提到假肢不好用,即使是很简单的事情也很难完成,与下文“一切都改变了”之间是转折关系,且空后有逗号,应用副词,故填however。
⑥考查词性转换。句意:更令人惊讶的是,我的机械手能够感受到不同程度的压力。此处作状语修饰整个句子,应用副词形式。故填amazingly。
⑦考查过去分词。句意:此外,它的外部使用了特殊的橡胶,看起来非常逼真。此处是“with+宾语+宾补”结构,动词use和宾语special rubber是被动关系,故此处用过去分词作宾补。故填used。
⑧考查名词复数。句意:我重新找到了我在事故前喜欢的所有爱好。hobby意为“业余爱好”,为可数名词,根据空前的all可知,此处应用复数形式,故填hobbies。
⑨考查连词。句意:例如,自从我有了新手,我又开始为我的家人做饭了。结合句意可知,此处指“自从我有了新手”,故填since。
⑩考查形容词比较级。句意:我不仅可以做更多的事情,而且我变得更加自信和外向。根据do more并结合语境可知,此处应用形容词比较级,故填more confident。
26．答案：The；living；which；to improve；techniques；without；are being made/are made/have been made；diversity；and；harmonious
解析：①考查冠词。句意：这一倡议的目标是改善 基础设施，实现农业现代化，提高农村居民的整体 生活质量。此处goal特指这一倡议的目标，应用定 冠词the，首字母大写。故填The。
②考查非谓语动词。句意：这一倡议的目标 是改善基础设施，实现农业现代化，提高农村居民 的整体生活质量。分析句子结构可知，live与逻辑主 语those构成主动关系，应用现在分词，作定语。故 填living。
③考查定语从句。句意：该倡议的一个重要 方面是改善农村基础设施，包括建设更好的道路、 桥梁和供水系统，以提高运输和农业活动的效率。 此处是限定性定语从句，修饰先行词improvement, 指物，关系词在从句作主语，应用关系代词that引导。故填 which。
④考查非谓语动词。句意：该倡议的一个重 要方面是改善农村基础设施，包括建设更好的道 路、桥梁和供水系统，以提高运输和农业活动的效 率。分析句子结构可知，improve在句中作目的状 语，应用动词不定式。故填to improve。
⑤考查名词复数。句意：另一个重点是推广 现代农业技术。technique为可数名词，结合语境可 知，数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填techniques。
⑥考查介词。句意：通过引进先进的农业方 法和技术，如有机农业和机械的使用，农民能够在 不破坏环境的情况下提高生产力和收入。后跟动名 词作宾语，表示“不，没有”应用介词without。故填 without。
⑦考查时态语态。句意：我们正在努力/已 经努力恢复地方传统，这不仅丰富了农村的文化多 样性，而且为文化旅游和可持续发展创造了新的机 会。此处主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合语境此处 可知，表示正在进行可用现在进行时的被动语态； 陈述事实可用一般现在时的被动语态或表示过去发 生的动作对现在产生影响，用现在完成时的被动语 态，主语为复数名词，谓语用复数。故填are being made/are made/have been made。
⑧考查名词。句意：我们正在努力/已经努 力恢复地方传统，这不仅丰富了农村的文化多样 性，而且为文化旅游和可持续发展创造了新的机 会。
此处作动词的宾语，应用名词diversity“多样 性”，不可数。故填diversity。 ⑨考查连词。句意：该倡议还旨在通过修复 传统房屋和建设公共设施来改善农村地区的生活环 境。此处the restoration of traditional houses与后文the construction of public facilities为并列关系，应用连词 and。故填and。
⑩考查形容词。句意：通过“一带一路”建 设，中国正在努力建设一个更加繁荣和谐的农村， 为农村居民提供更好的机会，提高生活质量。此处 修饰名词countryside,应用形容词harmonious“和谐 的”，作定语。故填harmonious。
27．答案：
Dear Mr. Smith,
I’ve heard the news that you are recruiting volunteers for the “Chinese traditional culture into the campus” activity to be held next week. So I am writing to apply to be one of the volunteers because I love Chinese traditional culture so much that I can devote myself to serving the participants.
First of all, with a very good command of English, I can speak the language fluently, which makes me more qualified to help foreigners. Besides, not only do I have the ability to organize activities, but also I am outgoing and energetic, allowing me to communicate with strangers without difficulty.
I would appreciate it if you could consider my application. I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
解析：本篇书面表达是属于申请信。假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们学校下周准备开展一次“中国传统文化进校园”活动,届时一些外国友人也会应邀参加,现正在招募志愿服务人员,请你用英文给负责人Mr. Smith写一封申请信。
1.词汇积累
热爱: love→be fond of
致力于:devote→contribute
同时:meanwhile→at the same time
感激: appreciate→grateful
考虑:consider→think over
2.句式拓展
变换句式
原句:I've heard the news that you are recruiting volunteers for the "Chinese traditional culture into the campus" activity to be held next week.
拓展句:I've heard the news that you are recruiting volunteers for the“Chinese traditional culture into the campus” activity, which will be held next week.
[高分句型1]Besides, with a very good command of English, I can speak the language fluently, which makes me more qualified to help foreigners.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]Meanwhile, not only do I have the ability to organize activities, but also I am outgoing and energetic, allowing me to communicate with strangers without difficulty.( not only...but also引导的倒装句,现在分词作结果状语)
28．答案：
Born in July 1924 in Beijing, Ye Jiaying is a Chinese-born Canadian poet and scholar of classical Chinese literature.
Professor Ye devoted herself to carrying forward classical Chinese poetry. And with the popularity of her great works, she has become famous among the people who love Chinese poetry. Apart from her academic contributions, she also donated about 35 million yuan to Nankai University to support the study of traditional Chinese culture.
Professor Ye has demonstrated the spirit of craftsmanship in the spread of Chinese culture and truly deserves our respect.
29．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，我的同学大都出身富裕的郊区家庭，那里以白人为主，他们往上几代家族成员都接受过良好的教育。A. teachers老师；B. classmates同学；C. colleagues同事；D. neighbors邻居。根据“Neither of my parents had graduated from middle school and I was the first in my family to ever enter a college campus.”可知，这里对比的是和作者同身份的学生。故选B项。
30．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，我的同学大都出身富裕的郊区家庭，那里以白人为主，他们往上几代家族成员都接受过良好的教育。A. complex复杂的；B. remote遥远的；C. rich富的；D. ordinary普通的。根据前文的“Most of my life I had lived in a Black and Latino community.”可知，作者的家境一般，通过本句的“By contrast”可知，与作者相反，同学们的家境富裕，故选C项。
31．答案：A
解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：我没有与人分享心中的烦闷，而是将自己封闭起来，专注学习，希望以此能熬过艰难的求学生涯。A. Instead of而不是；B. Regardless of不管；C. Ahead of在...前；D. Apart from除了。后文的“closed myself”与“sharing with others”形成反差，可知，此处应该意为“而是，作为……的替换”。故选A项。
32．答案：B
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：我没有与人分享心中的烦闷，而是将自己封闭起来，专注学习，希望以此能熬过艰难的求学生涯。A. relied on依赖；B. focused on聚焦于，专注于；C. gave up放弃；D. took up占用。通过前文“thought I could get through it”可知，作者渴望通过专注于学习来熬过艰难的求学生涯。故选B项。
33．答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，故事还没有结束。A. Unusually不同寻常地；B. Positively积极地；C. Instantly立刻；D. Fortunately幸运地。上一句提到“drop out”指出作者决定退学，后文“wasn’t the end of the story”说明一切并未结束。可知，此句与上一句构成转折关系，说明作者是幸运的。故选D项。
34．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我找到了继续完成大学学业的力量和向导。A. curiosity好奇心；B. comfort舒适；C. strength强度，力量；D. intention打算。通过文章标题，以及后文中多次提到的“power”，可以推断出这里作者找到了心中的“力量”。故选C项。
35．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：心理咨询为我提供了一个表达情绪的空间。A. adjust调整，适应；B. express表达；C. control控制；D. relieve缓解。通过后文“she helped me feel powerful”可知心理咨询师帮助作者变得强大，为作者提供了表达问题的空间。故选B项。
36．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：咨询师为我推荐书籍和其他资源，让我正视当下的经历，帮助我变得强大起来。A. training培训；B. motivation动机；C. credits学分，信用 ；D. resources资源。通过前面的“books”可知，心理咨询师为作者推荐书籍和其他资源。故选D项。
37．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我自愿参加了学校的一个组织，这让我不断回想起自己进入大学的初衷。A. ambition追求的目标；B. reminder提醒；C. memory记忆；D. practice实践。此处作者想表达参加社团提醒了自己回想起进入大学的初衷。故选B项。
38．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我与学生的互动，让我想起了我在家里的朋友，激励我为低收入青年获得高等教育的机会而努力。A. approaches接近；B. guides指导；C. subscription订阅；D. access通道，入径。根据设空处前的“work for”以及后文的“higher education for low-income youth”可知，作者想要为低收入青年接受高等教育而努力，让他们有机会接受高等教育。故选D项。
39．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还参与了夏季城市项目，与一群学生领袖合作，发起专题讨论，探讨种族和阶级问题。A. entered进入；B. absorbed吸收；C. attended出席；D. participated参与。根据下文“ where I cooperated with a group of student leaders to start a conference”可知，我还参与了夏季城市项目。固定词组get involved in 意为“参与”，这里表示作者参与了夏季城市项目。故选D项。
40．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还参与了夏季城市项目，与一群学生领袖合作，发起专题讨论，探讨种族和阶级问题。 A. suggestions建议；B. messages消息；C. issues问题；D. examples示例。通过前文“start a conference”以及后文“of race and class”可知，作者与学生们针对一个专题进行了讨论。故选C项。
41．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：知识就是力量。A. Confidence信心；B. Knowledge知识；C. Bravery勇敢；D. Construction建设。本句是本段的总结句，根据下文“I read books and chose courses to learn”可知，知识就是力量。故选B项。
42．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我阅读书籍，有意选择课程，以了解更多有关移民、种族、社会阶层和城市教育的话题。A. exposed暴露；B. applied应用；C. introduced介绍； D. related联系。根据前文“I read books and intentionally chose courses to learn more about topics”以及后文“immigration, race, social class and urban education”可知，作者有意了解与移民、种族、社会阶层和城市教育有联系的话题。be related to意为“与……相关的”。故选D项。
43．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些书籍和课程让我对自己遭受种族压迫的经历得到了深刻的理解。A. gain获得；B. link 连接；C. show显示；D. experience经验，体验。根据前文的“helped”以及后文“a much deeper understanding of my own racial experiences of oppression”可知，作者对于自己的经历得到了深刻理解。故选A项。
44．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在指定的手术 日，他和他的妻子把泰勒带到丹佛的科罗拉多儿童 医院。A.injury受伤；B.accident事故；C.operation 操作，手术；D.examination检查。根据上文“In 2008, Calvin Lowe's four-year-old son Tyler needed to have a serious surgery.(2008年，卡尔文·洛四岁的儿 子泰勒需要做一次严重的手术可知，此处指手术) ”。故选C。
45．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：“当我们坐在 候诊室里，等着有人叫我们回手术室的时候，我们 的心里充满了焦虑，”洛回忆道。A.call呼叫；B. drive驾驶；C.move移动；D.rush急忙。根据后 文“When a nurse called the family back”指他们在等着 有人来叫他们回去手术室看望病人。故选A。
46．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：“当我们坐在 候诊室里，等着有人叫我们回手术室的时候，我们 的心里充满了焦虑，”洛回忆道。A.shock震惊；B. anxiety焦虑；C.sadness悲伤；D.anger愤怒。根据上 文“In 2008, Calvin Lowe's four-year-old son Tyler needed to have a serious surgery.(2008年，卡尔文·洛 四岁的儿子泰勒需要做一次严重的手术)”可知，儿 子在做手术，因此父母是感到焦虑。故选B。
47．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当一名护士把 这家人叫回来时，洛的恐惧越来越大。A.faded褪 色；B.grew生长；C.appeared出现；D.stopped停 止。根据上文"When a nurse called the family back, Lowe's fears"可知，家人被叫回去，因此对儿子手术 结果的恐惧越来越大了。故选B。
48．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的医 生走进房间，告诉这对夫妇他将做这场手术。A. receiving收到；B.recording记录；C.missing错过； D.performing表演，执行。根据后文“how the surgery would proceed”可知，这名医生是执行手术的人。故 选D。
49．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当医生开始解 释手术将如何进行时，洛的脑子里想到了最坏的可 能结果。A.learn学习；B.discover发现；C.explain 解释；D.guess猜测。根据后文“how the surgery would proceed”可知，医生开始解释手术将如何进 行。故选C。
50．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当医生开始解 释手术将如何进行时，洛的脑子里想到了最坏的可 能结果。A.option选择；B.reaction反应；C. approach方法；D.outcome结果。根据后文“Lowe's mind went to the worst possible”可知，随着医生的解 释，洛的脑子里想到了最坏的可能结果。故选D。
51．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是后来医生做了一件意想不到的事。A.unexpected意外的； B.confusing令人困惑的；C.necessary必要的；D. excellent出色的。根据后文"He looked both Lowe and his wife in the eye, put a ______ hand on each of their shoulders, and said, "Today, your son is my son. " "可知，医生用行为和话语出乎意外地安慰了他 们。故选A。
52．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他看着洛和他 的妻子的眼睛，把一只安慰的手放在他们的肩膀 上，说：“今天，你的儿子就是我的儿子。”A. balancing平衡；B.leading带领；C.comforting安慰； D.directing指导。根据后文"hand on each of their shoulders, and said, "Today, your son is my son. " "可知 医生的行为和话在于安慰这对夫妻。故选C。
53．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：手术结束 后，医生带着灿烂的笑容出来对这家人说：“我们的 儿子很好，几分钟后你们就可以在这里看到他 了。”A.nurse护士；B.doctor医生；C.patient病人; D.photographer摄影师。根据上文“Today, your son is my son.”可知，来通知消息是刚刚那个安慰他们的医生。故选B。
54．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：手术结束 后，医生带着灿烂的笑容出来对这家人说：“我们的 儿子很好，几分钟后你们就可以在这里看到他 了。”A.leave离开；B.see看见；C.catch抓住；D. train训练。根据上文“Our son is just fine, and you can”可知，手术很成功，几分钟后就可以看到儿子 了。故选B。
55．答案：D
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：手术后这么 多年，洛仍然想起那位年轻医生的善良。A.passes on传递；B.replies to回答；C.pays off取得回报；D. thinks about想起，思考。根据后文“the young doctor's kindness”指多年后，仍然想到医生的善举。 故选D。
56．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为那确实 减轻了当时的压力。A.reliet宽慰；B.reminder提醒 物；C.secret秘密；D.source来源。根据后文“and meaningful”可知，医生安慰的话语减轻了他们当时 的压力，短语a relief of stress表示“缓解压力”。故选 A。
57．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我无法表 达我们对他那天对我们说的话有多感激。A.eager渴 望的；B.proud骄傲的；C.grateful感谢的；D. regretful后悔的。根据上文可知，医生的话缓解了他们压力和不安，所以是感激。故选C。
58．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很有帮 助，也很有意义。A.helpful有帮助的；B.successful 成功的；C.typical典型的；D.educational教育的。 上文提到医生的话缓解了他们的压力，所以是有帮助的。故选A。
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