临沂市2022 级普通高中学科素养水平监测试卷
英 语 2024.1
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What animal is the man worrying about
A. A bear. B. A dog. C. A cat.
2. What subject is the man probably teaching
A. Geography. B. Physics. C. English.
3. Who is late for the meeting
A. Jill. B. Eric. C. Martin.
4. How will the man go home
A. Take the subway. B. Mail some papers. C. Drive home.
5. When was the parcel supposed to arrive
A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the man planning to make
A. Apple juice. B. Banana juice. C. Orange juice.
7. What will the speakers probably eat for lunch
A. A salad. B. Hamburgers. C. Barbecue.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What does the woman ask the man to do at first
A. Sell a second-hand computer to her.
B. Buy a new computer for her.
C Repair her computer.
9. What will the woman do in the afternoon
A. Clean her office. B. Attend meetings. C. Go shopping.
10. What day is it tomorrow
A. Monday. B. Tuesday. C. Wednesday.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Lawyer and client.
B. Father and daughter.
C. Company owner and employee.
12. Where does the conversation take place
A. In an office. B. In a coffee shop. C. In the man’s home.
13. Why does the woman talk to the man
A. To invite him for coffee.
B. To offer him a new position.
C. To complain about her family matter.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. How does the woman feel about the man’s beard
A. She thinks it makes him look strange.
B. She prefers him to shave it all off.
C. She likes it to be longer.
15. How long does it take the man to grow a beard
A. About a month. B. About two months. C. About three months.
16. What sport is the man going to watch
A. Football. B. Rugby. C. Car racing.
17. Which country’s food does the woman prefer
A. Italy. B. France. C. Switzerland.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the talk mainly about
A. Origin and development of kites.
B. Methods of making kites.
C. Uses of kites in wars.
19. What did ancient Chinese use kites to do
A. Pass on secret messages.
B. Give warnings of danger.
C. Carry ropes across rivers.
20. Why did Benjamin Franklin fly a kite in the storm
A. To test the effects of an invention.
B. To protect houses against lightning.
C. To prove that lightning is electricity.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Inca Empire was the most powerful of the day, ruling western South America between 1400 and 1533. And the Inca leaders sometimes needed vacations! That’s why the Inca built Machu Picchu in what’s now Peru. All that’s left today are ruins, but about 500 years ago, it was a bustling royal residence. Peek into the past to discover the secrets of this awesome spot.
ROYAL RELAXATION
The royal family lived mostly in the mountainous capital city, Cusco. But during the winter, they could move down to the warmer Machu Picchu. Emperor Pachacuti Inc a Yupanqui likely ordered construction of it around 1450. There, the royals could feast and entertain guests. The other 750 residents served the rulers and maintained the city.
PERFECT FIT
Earthquakes are common in Peru, so Inca builders designed Machu Picchu to resist these shakes. They cut the stones to fit together, and they didn’t use any material, like cement, to bind them. This way, when the ground shook, the stones could bounce around and then settle back into place.
CODED LANGUAGE
The Inca didn’t have a written language and instead used knotted cords called quipu (KEE-poo) to send messages and keep records. Experts think the style of the knot and the color of the string contained information. Researchers are now using computers to try to untangle these long-lost codes.
1. Why did the Inca Empire build Machu Picchu
A. For pleasure of more residents. B. For the recreation of the leaders.
C. For relocating the capital city. D. For appealing to more vacationers.
2. What did Inca builders do to resist the shakes
A. They made the stones fit together. B. They used cement to bind them.
C. They made the stones bounce around. D. They settled the stones back into place.
3. How did the Inca share important information
A. By telling others face to face. B. By writing it down on large stones.
C. By using their own unique language. D. By coloring some materials picked.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了马丘比丘建造的原因以及三方面的特点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“And the Inca leaders sometimes needed vacations! That’s why the Inca built Machu Picchu in what’s now Peru.(而且印加领导人有时也需要休假！这就是印加人在现在的秘鲁建造马丘比丘的原因)”可知，印加帝国建造马丘比丘是为了领导们的娱乐。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“They cut the stones to fit together, and they didn’t use any material, like cement, to bind them. This way, when the ground shook, the stones could bounce around and then settle back into place.(他们把石头切割成一块块的，没有使用任何材料，比如水泥，来粘合它们。这样，当地面震动时，石头可以四处弹跳，然后回到原来的位置)”可知，印加建造者把石头拼在一起抵御地震。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The Inca didn’t have a written language and instead used knotted cords called quipu (KEE-poo) to send messages and keep records.(印加人没有书面语言，而是使用一种名为quipu (KEE-poo)的绳结来传递信息和保存记录。专家认为打结的样式和绳子的颜色包含了信息)”可知，印加人通过使用自己独特的语言来分享重要信息。故选C。
B
When Soares was a young boy growing up in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, his family didn’t have the means to pay for extracurricular activities. However, they found a solution by signing him up for a free circus school that aimed to keep him off the streets and out of trouble. It was there that Soares discovered his passion for performance art, including acrobatics, capoeira, acting, and clowning. Ballet never crossed his mind as a practical career option, as ballet wasn’t a noticeable dance form in Brazil at the time.
At the age of 12, Soares began dancing but not in the traditional sense. His older brother was part of a hip-hop street dance group, and Soares started hanging out with them. He soon combined his circus school skills with hip-hop and capoeira to create a unique style that fascinated audiences in Rio.
One day, the head of a Brazilian dance company saw Soares perform and arranged for him to selection for a dance school. He was awarded a scholarship that covered his tuition fees, and he began studying modern dance. However, it wasn’t long before everyone believed that Soares should switch to ballet. He was immediately put on a fast track, attending academic school in the mornings and ballet classes in the evenings.
Soares’ parents were hesitant about their son pursuing ballet as a career. They were worried about his grades and whether ballet would provide him with a stable future. Soares shared their concerns and had never known anyone who pursued ballet professionally.
Despite these reservations, something incredible happened within two years of Soares starting ballet training. He participated in the Paris International Dance Competition and won a silver medal. This achievement was even more impressive considering that most of his competitors had been studying ballet since childhood. After Paris, Soares joined the national ballet company in Brazil and began earning money from his dancing.
Three years later, he went on to win the gold medal at the Moscow International Competition, previously won by legendary ballet dancers like Mikhail Baryshnikov.
4. Why was Soares sent to a circus school
A. To seek a chance to make a name. B. To stop him getting into trouble.
C. To earn money to pay for tuition fees. D. To develop an interest in performance art.
5. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3
A. Modern dance became his favorite. B. Winning a scholarship was his main aim.
C. He quickly displayed his talent for ballet. D. His academic classes had to give way to ballet classes.
6. What is the original attitude of Soares’ parents to his pursuing ballet
A. Doubtful. B. Objective. C. Supportive. D. Unclear.
7. What’s the best title for the text
A. An Unconventional Journey to a Ballet Star
B. The Financial Struggles of a Young Dancer
C. Modern Dance: A Gateway to Ballet Excellece
D. The Dilemma: Balancing School and Ballet for Success
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Soares小时候父母为了不让他惹麻烦，把他送到马戏团学校，结果在那里Soares发现了自己的芭蕾舞天赋。经过两年的训练，Soares取得了不错的成绩，还在莫斯科国际比赛中获得金牌。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“However, they found a solution by signing him up for a free circus school that aimed to keep him off the streets and out of trouble.(然而，他们找到了一个解决办法，让他报名参加一个免费的马戏学校，目的是让他远离街头，远离麻烦)”可知，苏亚雷斯被送到马戏团学校是为了阻止他惹上麻烦。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“One day, the head of a Brazilian dance company saw Soares perform and arranged for him to selection for a dance school. He was awarded a scholarship that covered his tuition fees, and he began studying modern dance. However, it wasn’t long before everyone believed that Soares should switch to ballet.(一天，一家巴西舞蹈公司的负责人看了苏亚雷斯的表演，并安排他进入舞蹈学校。他获得了一笔奖学金来支付学费，并开始学习现代舞。然而，没过多久，每个人都认为苏亚雷斯应该转向芭蕾舞)”可推知，苏亚雷斯很快就展示了他的芭蕾舞天赋。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Soares’ parents were hesitant about their son pursuing ballet as a career. They were worried about his grades and whether ballet would provide him with a stable future. (苏亚雷斯的父母对儿子是否要以芭蕾为职业犹豫不决。他们担心他的成绩，担心芭蕾舞能否给他提供一个稳定的未来)”可推知，苏亚雷斯的父母最初对他追求芭蕾舞是怀疑态度。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了Soares小时候父母为了不让他惹麻烦，把他送到马戏团学校，结果在那里Soares发现了自己的芭蕾舞天赋。经过两年的训练，Soares取得了不错的成绩，还在莫斯科国际比赛中获得金牌。可知，A选项“成为芭蕾舞明星的非常规之旅”最符合文章标题。故选A。
C
A model of personalised dementia (痴呆症) support could improve life for people with dementia and their carers by allowing them to make the best choices for their own care needs.
In Britain, there is a concerning gap in dementia support, notes Dr Tomasina, Dementia Care Programme Lead at the University of Plymouth. “They have received a diagnosis but are not yet in need of a care home or input from specialists. Worryingly, these individuals and their carers, who are usually family members, are often left without suitable support to face a range of severe challenges,” she says.
Challenges can include social lonliness, despair and frailty (脆弱) due to combined physical and cognitive decline. However, a five-year research project including the Universities of Plymouth and Manchester-established in 2018 and funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research—aims to remedy this disregard by evaluating a system for dementia support they have developed.
Dementia Personalised Care Team(D-PACT) proposes improving the lives of people living with dementia and their carers with personalised emotional and practical support from an appropriately trained Dementia Support Worker. “The Support Worker becomes a trusted point of contact who can spot potential problems before they get into crises,” says Professor Richard Byng, Professor in Primary Care Research at the University of Plymouth. “It’s a model that helps the individual and their carers function and stay together.”
The study, which was conducted in a range of settings, shows potential value and has been well-received by those who took part. “People have described a step change in their support,” says Professor Byng. “They say they feel listened to and treated as a person, getting reassurance and relief—particularly carers—that they are doing things right and someone is alongside them.”
8. What’s the purpose of the personalised support
A. To cure people with severe dementia.
B. To bridge the gap between patients and doctors.
C. To help people with dementia choose the best carers.
D. To better the life of people with dementia and their carers.
9. What does the underlined word “remedy” mean in Paragraph 3
A. Build up. B. Make up for. C. Take over. D. Take care of.
10. What can a trained Dementia Support Worker do
A. Deal with potential problems.
B. Propose to D-PACT a better support.
C. Help people with dementia recover quickly.
D. Provide emotional support for patients with dementia.
11. What can we learn about the personalised support
A. It can relieve people’s stress. B. It functions like a person.
C. It can help people listen better. D. It is especially helpful to carers.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了个性化痴呆症支持模式可以让痴呆症患者及其护理人员根据自己的护理需求做出最佳选择，从而改善他们的生活。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“A model of personalised dementia (痴呆症) support could improve life for people with dementia and their carers by allowing them to make the best choices for their own care needs.(个性化痴呆症支持模式可以让痴呆症患者及其护理人员根据自己的护理需求做出最佳选择，从而改善他们的生活。)”可知，个性化支持的目的是改善痴呆症患者及其护理人员的生活。故选D。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Worryingly, these individuals and their carers, who are usually family members, are often left without suitable support to face a range of severe challenges,” she says.(“令人担忧的是，这些人及其照顾者（通常是家庭成员）往往得不到适当的支持，无法面对一系列严峻的挑战，”她说)”可知，痴呆症患者及其照顾者往往得不到适当的支持，即被忽视，结合第三段中划线单词所在句子“However, a five-year research project including the Universities of Plymouth and Manchester-established in 2018 and funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research—aims to remedy this disregard by evaluating a system for dementia support they have developed.(然而，普利茅斯大学和曼彻斯特大学于 2018 年成立并由国家健康与护理研究所资助的一项为期五年的研究项目旨在通过评估他们开发的痴呆症支持系统来 remedy这种忽视)”可知，普利茅斯大学和曼彻斯特大学成立并由国家健康与护理研究所资助的一项为期五年的研究项目，是为了解决这种忽视，即通过评估他们开发的痴呆症支持系统弥补政府对痴呆症患者及其家人的忽视，由此可知，划线单词意为“弥补”，与B项“Make up for.(弥补)”意思一样，故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Dementia Personalised Care Team (D-PACT) proposes improving the lives of people living with dementia and their carers with personalised emotional and practical support from an appropriately trained Dementia Support Worker. (痴呆症个性化护理团队 (D-PACT) 建议通过经过适当培训的痴呆症支持人员提供的个性化情感和实际支持来改善痴呆症患者及其护理人员的生活。)”可知，训练有素的痴呆症支持人员可以为痴呆症患者提供情感支持。故选D。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Dementia Personalised Care Team (D-PACT) proposes improving the lives of people living with dementia and their carers with personalised emotional and practical support from an appropriately trained Dementia Support Worker.“The Support Worker becomes a trusted point of contact who can spot potential problems before they get into crises,” says Professor Richard Byng, Professor in Primary Care Research at the University of Plymouth. “It’s a model that helps the individual and their carers function and stay together.”(痴呆症个性化护理团队 (D-PACT) 建议通过经过适当培训的痴呆症支持人员提供的个性化情感和实际支持来改善痴呆症患者及其护理人员的生活。普利茅斯大学初级保健研究教授Richard Byng表示：“支持人员成为值得信赖的联系人，可以在潜在问题陷入危机之前发现问题。”“这是一个帮助个人及其护理人员正常运转并保持在一起的模式。”)”可知，个性化支持对护理人员特别有帮助，故选D。
D
When it comes to keeping off extra pounds, watching what we eat may not be enough—we have to keep an eye on our food’s packaging, too. Half the world is expected to be overweight by 2035. In addition to overeating and lack of exercise, the scientific community is exploring another factor that may contribute—eating products packaged in plastic.
For a study published last year, researchers at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology set out to determine what chemical compounds (化合物) exist in 34 common plastic items that touch things we eat, such as yogurt cups, juice bottles, candy packages, and plastic wrap used for produce and cheese, as well as items often found in kitchen.
Of the 55,000 chemicals the researchers found in these items, only 629 were identifiable, which influence our bodies’ ability to regulate weight, troubling health effects. “We’re quite certain that there are many chemicals in plastic products that impact metabolism (新陈代谢), but we just couldn’t identify all of them,” Martin Wagner, a study co-author said. Strikingly, Wagner and his colleagues found that a third of all the common products they tested contain chemicals that cause the adipogenic (生脂的) process. Although we are exposed to them daily, most of these mystery chemicals are unknown, unstudied and unregulated.
For years, experts have been warning against plastic food containers, particularly for hot or oily foods which may make the plastics unstable and increase the risk of chemical leaching (渗出). As one of them, Wagner argues that we need to start reducing our exposure to plastic without waiting for more slow-moving research to prove that the plastics in our food, products, blood and organs are risk factors for bad health outcomes.
Really, reducing our plastic exposure should be our overall goal. When we think about cutting junk out of our diets, the criminals shouldn’t just be candy and soda—plastic needs to go, too.
12. What newly-found factor may cause overweight
A. Eating too much. B. Lack of exercise.
C. Unhealthy eating habits. D. Food’s plastic packaging.
13. What is the finding of the study published last year
A. Most products tested contain adipogenic chemicals.
B. Metabolism is affected by chemicals in plastic products.
C. The influence of plastic products on our health is unknown.
D. Only 629 chemicals in plastic products regulate people ‘s weight.
14 What does Wagner suggest we do
A. Stop eating foods packaged in plastic.
B. Avoid using plastic products for hot or oily foods.
C. Reduce our exposure to plastic as much as possible.
D. Wait for more research to prove the risks of plastics.
15. What is the passage mainly about
A. Keeping off extra pounds is urgent.
B. It’s high time to stop using plastic packaging.
C. Chemicals in plastic packaging may lead to overweight.
D. Plastic food packaging proves to contain harmful chemicals.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究表明，塑料包装中的化学物质可能导致人们超重。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“In addition to overeating and lack of exercise, the scientific community is exploring another factor that may contribute—eating products packaged in plastic.(除了暴饮暴食和缺乏运动之外，科学界正在探索另一个可能的因素——食用塑料包装的产品)”可知，食品塑料包装是导致超重的一个新发现的因素，故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“We’re quite certain that there are many chemicals in plastic products that impact metabolism (新陈代谢), but we just couldn’t identify all of them,(我们非常确定塑料产品中存在许多影响新陈代谢的化学物质，但我们无法识别所有这些化学物质)”可知，去年发表的研究结果是新陈代谢受到塑料制品中化学物质的影响。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“As one of them, Wagner argues that we need to start reducing our exposure to plastic without waiting for more slow-moving research to prove that the plastics in our food, products, blood and organs are risk factors for bad health outcomes.(作为其中之一，瓦格纳认为，我们需要开始减少对塑料接触，而不是等待更多进展缓慢的研究来证明我们的食物、产品、血液和器官中的塑料是不良健康结果的风险因素)”可知，Wagner建议我们尽可能减少我们与塑料的接触。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“When it comes to keeping off extra pounds, watching what we eat may not be enough—we have to keep an eye on our food’s packaging, too. Half the world is expected to be overweight by 2035. In addition to overeating and lack of exercise, the scientific community is exploring another factor that may contribute—eating products packaged in plastic.(当谈到防止体重增加时，仅仅关注我们吃的东西可能还不够——我们还必须关注食物的包装。预计到2035年，世界上一半的人将超重。除了暴饮暴食和缺乏锻炼之外，科学界正在探索另一个可能的因素——食用塑料包装的产品)”可知，文章主要介绍了塑料包装中的化学物质可能导致人们超重。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分 12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When visiting a park, it is common to observe older individuals listening to audio (有声的) books instead of reading traditional books. Audio books have become quite popular these days. ____16____ Is listening to an audio book just as beneficial as reading a book
____17____ Reading needs us to focus all our attention on the words in a book. We also need to find time and a specific place to sit down and read. However, audio books provide flexibility and allow individuals to engage in other activities while listening. And it gives your eyes a break, too.
But the big question is do we get knowledge from audio books as effectively as we do from paper books ____18____ Volunteers in group one were asked to listen to an audio book while volunteers in group two read a book of the same content. Surprisingly, both groups recalled the same amount of information, whether they listened to it or read it.
Another study published in the Journal of Neuroscience further supported the result above. In the study, researchers scanned (扫描) people’s brains when they listened to and read books. ____19____
Some people still believe that they learn better from reading paper books. One reason might be that when we listen to audio books, we are often multitasking. If you’re trying to learn while doing two things, you’re not going to learn as well. ____20____ It is important to avoid it while listening to audio books to ensure best learning outcomes.
A. How do people obtain audio books
B. You can listen to audio books anytime.
C. Multitasking can interrupt effective learning.
D. Researchers conduct an experiment to figure it out.
E. Why are more and more people choosing audio books
F. One of the main advantages of audio books is convenience.
G. It reveals that both activities excite almost the same parts of the brain.
【答案】16. E 17. F 18. D 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。有声读物如今变得非常流行。文章主要介绍了有声读物的优点，以及就我们从有声读物中获取知识是否像从纸质书中一样有效进行了研究，研究表明有声读物和纸质书一样有效，但是一些人仍然认为纸质书更有效。
【16题详解】
上文“Audio books have become quite popular these days. (有声读物如今变得非常流行。)”指出有声读物如今很流行，下文“Is listening to an audio book just as beneficial as reading a book (听有声读物和读书一样有益吗？)”提出疑问，听有声读物是否有益，由此推知，空处提问有声读物变得流行的原形，E项“为什么越来越多的人选择有声读物？”符合，故选E。
【17题详解】
下文“However, audio books provide flexibility and allow individuals to engage in other activities while listening. And it gives your eyes a break, too.(然而，有声读物提供了灵活性，允许个人在聆听的同时从事其他活动。它还可以让您的眼睛得到休息)”指出有声读物的好处，即很方便，F项“有声读物的主要优点之一是方便。”能概括本段内容，故选F。
【18题详解】
上文“But the big question is, do we get knowledge from audio books as effectively as we do from paper books (但最大的问题是，我们从有声读物中获取知识是否像从纸质书中获取知识一样有效？)”提出问题——们从有声读物中获取知识是否像从纸质书中获取知识一样有效，下文“Volunteers in group one were asked to listen to an audio book while volunteers in group two read a book of the same content. Surprisingly, both groups recalled the same amount of information, whether they listened to it or read it.(第一组的志愿者被要求听一本有声读物，而第二组的志愿者则阅读一本内容相同的书。令人惊讶的是，无论是听还是读，两组人都回忆起相同数量的信息。)”介绍了一项实验的内容和结果，由此可知，空处引起下文，指出为了回答“我们从有声读物中获取知识是否像从纸质书中获取知识一样有效”这个问题，进行了一项实验，D项“研究人员进行了一项实验来找出答案。”符合，故选D。
【19题详解】
上文“Another study published in the Journal of Neuroscience further supported the result above. In the study, researchers scanned (扫描) people’s brains when they listened to and read books. (《神经科学杂志》上发表的另一项研究进一步支持了上述结果。在这项研究中，研究人员扫描了人们听书和读书时的大脑。)”指出在一项研究中，研究人员扫描了人们听书和读书时的大脑，空处承接上文，应该介绍研究结果，G项“它表明，这两种活动都会刺激大脑的几乎相同部分。”符合题意，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据上文“If you’re trying to learn while doing two things, you’re not going to learn as well.(如果你想在做两件事的同时学习，你是学不到东西的。)”可知，多任务学习会影响学习效果，C项“多任务处理会中断有效的学习。”符合语境，承接上文，对上文进行总结，故选C。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
In 1978, Avril and Christopher Rowlands paid 6 for a fir (冷杉), brought it to their new home in the pretty village of Inkberry. After ____21____ their first Christmas together, they planted the tree in their front garden to ____22____ their first Christmas in their new home. It has ____23____ grown over the years and nowadays, it ____24____ over their four-bedroom property—measuring about 50 feet. Each December the couple decorate their giant fir with thousands of fairy lights which they switch on for the ____25____ .
The tree is so ____26____ that a cherry picker is used to reach the top branches and add the star to the top. The lighted tree is one of the brightest landmarks (标志性建筑) in Inkberrow, which is one of UK’s darkest villages ____27____ there being no street lights.
Avril and Christopher’s fir now attracts thousands of people who ____28____ their tree every December. As a retired TV writer, Avril said, “We love doing the Christmas lights. The ____29____can be seen from miles around on nights and people ____30____ to see it. It’s become something of a (an) ____31____ for people in the village and beyond. It even ____32____ me to write a children’s book about the tree called The Laxford House Christmas Tree.“ The couple ask for people who admire the tree to make a ____33____ and over the years they have raised thousands of pounds for charity.
“The tree is really ____34____,” said the retired BBC editor Christopher. “During COVID, it was lit, like a beaco (灯塔) of ____35____.”
21.
A. consuming B. enjoying C. perceiving D. planning
22.
A. defend B. support C. expose D. mark
23.
A. initially B. steadily C. tightly D. severely
24
A. runs B. stands C. swings D. stretches
25.
A. strangers B. passers-by C. villagers D. travelers
26.
A. tall B. attractive C. unique D. bright
27.
A. in spite of B. by means of C. in case of D. on account of
28.
A. spot B. view C. decorate D. water
29.
A. tree B. light C. gift D. garden
30.
A. struggle B. crowd C. march D. parade
31.
A. appetite B. fashion C. tradition D. trend
32.
A. inspired B. persuaded C. allowed D. convinced
33.
A. difference B. decision C. donation D. fortune
34.
A. rare B. slight C. secure D. special
35.
A. hope B. kindness C. success D. pride
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了1978 年，Avril和Christopher Rowlands花了 6 英镑买了一棵冷杉，这棵树长得很大，每年十二月，这对夫妇都会用数千盏仙女灯来装饰他们的巨型冷杉，并为村民打开这些彩灯，如今这棵亮着灯的树是Inkberrow最亮的地标之一。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一起度过了第一个圣诞节后，他们在前花园种下了这棵树，以纪念他们在新家的第一个圣诞节。A. consuming消费；B. enjoying喜欢；过得愉快；C. perceiving认为；理解；D. planning计划。由下文“their first Christmas together,”可知，他们一起愉快地度过了圣诞节，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一起度过了第一个圣诞节后，他们在前花园种下了这棵树，以纪念他们在新家的第一个圣诞节。A. defend防御；B. support支持；C. expose暴露；D. mark做标记，纪念。由上文“they planted the tree in their front garden to”和下文“their first Christmas in their new home”可知，他们在前花园种下了这棵树，是为了纪念他们在新家的第一个圣诞节，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：多年来，它一直在稳步长大，如今，它已经覆盖了他们的四居室房产，面积约为50英尺。A. initially最初；B. steadily稳定地；C. tightly紧紧地；D. severely严重地。由下文“grown over the years”可知，多年来这棵树应该是稳步长大，故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，它一直在稳步长大，如今，它已经覆盖了他们的四居室房产，面积约为50英尺。A. runs跑步；B. stands站；C. swings摆动；D. stretches延伸；伸长。由下文“over their four-bedroom property—measuring about 50 feet”和上文提到的它一直稳步增长可知，如今它延伸覆盖到了四居室房产，面积约为50英尺。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每年十二月，这对夫妇都会用数千盏仙女灯来装饰他们的巨型冷杉，并为村民打开这些彩灯。A. strangers陌生人；B. passers-by路人；C. villagers村民；D. travelers旅行者。由下文“The lighted tree is one of the brightest landmarks (标志性建筑) in Inkberrow, which is one of UK’s darkest villages”可知，villagers是同词复现，此处指出为村民打开这些彩灯。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这棵树太高了，以至于需要使用樱桃采摘机到达顶部树枝并将星星添加到顶部。A. tall高的；B. attractive有吸引力的；C. unique独特的；D. bright明亮的。由下文“that a cherry picker is used to reach the top branches and add the star to the top.”可知，这棵树长得很高，需要使用樱桃采摘机到达顶部树枝并将星星添加到顶部，故选A。
【27题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：这棵亮着灯的树是Inkberrow最亮的地标之一，由于没有路灯，Inkberrow是英国最黑暗的村庄之一。A. in spite of尽管；B. by means of通过；C. in case of以防；D. on account of由于。下文“there being no street lights.”是上文“which is one of UK’s darkest villages”的原因，应用on account of“由于”。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾薇儿和克里斯托弗的圣诞树现在每年十二月都会吸引成千上万的人来观赏他们的圣诞树。A. spot认出；B. view看待，观赏；C. decorate装饰；D. water浇水。由下文“The lighted tree is one of the brightest landmarks (标志性建筑) in Inkberrow”可知，这棵亮着灯的树是Inkberrow最亮的地标之一，所以每年十二月都会吸引成千上万的人来观赏这棵圣诞树。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：夜晚，几英里外都可以看到这棵树，人们纷纷前来观看。A. tree树；B. light灯；C. gift礼物；D. garden花园。由上文“Avril and Christopher’s fir now attracts thousands of people who _______their tree every December.”可知，成千上万的人来观赏这棵圣诞树，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：夜晚，几英里外都可以看到这棵树，人们纷纷前来观看。A. struggle挣扎；B. crowd聚集，挤满；C. march行进；D. parade游行。由上文“Avril and Christopher’s fir now attracts thousands of people who _______their tree every December.”可知，成千上万的人聚集在这里，观赏这棵圣诞树，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这已经成为村里内外人们的一种传统。A. appetite胃口；B. fashion时尚；C. tradition传统；D. trend趋势。由下文“Avril and Christopher’s fir now attracts thousands of people who _______ their tree every December.”可知，每年十二月都会吸引成千上万的人来观赏这棵圣诞树，这已经成为一种传统，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它甚至启发我写了一本关于这棵树的儿童读物，名为《拉克斯福德之家圣诞树》。A. inspired激励；B. persuaded劝说；C. allowed允许；D. convinced使确信。由下文“me to write a children’s book about the tree called The Laxford House Christmas Tree”可知，这棵树启发作者写了一本关于这棵树的儿童读物，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇请求欣赏这棵树的人们捐款，多年来他们已经为慈善事业筹集了数千英镑。A. difference差别；B. decision决心；C. donation捐赠物，捐款；D. fortune运气。由下文“and over the years they have raised thousands of pounds for charity.”可知，多年来他们已经为慈善事业筹集了数千英镑，这说明这对夫妇请求欣赏这棵树的人们捐款，故选C。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这棵树真的很特别，”退休的BBC编辑克里斯托弗说。A. rare稀有的；B. slight稍微的；C. secure安全的；D. special特别的。由上文“The lighted tree is one of the brightest landmarks (标志性建筑) in Inkberrow, which is one of UK’s darkest villages_______ there being no street lights.”和下文“During COVID, it was lit, like a beaco (灯塔) of _______”可知，这棵亮着灯的树是Inkberrow最亮的地标之一，由此可知，这棵树很特别。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在新冠疫情期间，它被点亮了，就像希望的灯塔一样。A. hope希望；B. kindness友善；C. success成功；D. pride骄傲。由上文“During COVID, it was lit, like a beaco (灯塔) ”可知，新冠期间这棵树被点亮，给人们希望，故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In China, paper-cutting is one of the treasures of traditional culture. It uses paper ____36____ a material and creates various patterns and shapes through the cutting and carving of scissors or knives. The history of paper-cutting ____37____ (date) back to the Han Dynasty, when people began to use paper-cutting to decorate doors, windows, and screens. With the passage of time, paper-cutting ____38____ (gradual) developed into a unique art form and spread throughout the country.
The themes of paper-cutting are very extensive, ____39____(include) animals, plants, characters, fairy tales, and so on. The most common themes are zodiac signs and the character “fu” (good fortune), ____40____ symbolize good luck and happiness. The production process of paper-cutting requires patience and skill. First, artists need to draw sketches (草图) ____41____ (base) on the theme and shape to be expressed on paper. Then, they use scissors or knives ____42____ (cut) and carve along the lines of the sketch, cutting out various shapes and patterns. Finally, the cut patterns ____43____ (stick) to paper or other items to complete a beautiful paper-cutting work.
Paper-cutting is not only ____44____ art form, but also a cultural heritage. It shows the _____45_____(wise) and creativity of the Chinese people, conveying the values and beauty of Chinese culture. Therefore, we should treasure and inherit (继承) this valuable cultural heritage.
【答案】36. as 37. dates
38. gradually
39. including
40. which 41. based
42. to cut 43. are stuck
44. an 45. wisdom
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了剪纸艺术的历史以及剪纸的过程。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：它以纸为材料，通过剪刀或刀的切割和雕刻，创造出各种各样的图案和形状。此处为短语use sth. as表示“用作……”。故填as。
【37题详解】
考查时态。句意：剪纸的历史可以追溯到汉代，当时人们开始用剪纸来装饰门、窗、屏风。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为The history of paper-cutting，谓语用三单形式。故填dates。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：随着时间的推移，剪纸逐渐发展成为一种独特的艺术形式，并传遍全国。修饰动词develop应用副词gradually，故填gradually。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：剪纸的主题非常广泛，包括动物、植物、人物、童话等等。后跟名词作宾语，表示“包括”应用介词including。故填including。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：最常见的主题是十二生肖和“福”字，象征着好运和幸福。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the character “fu”，在从句作主语，指物，应用关系代词which，故填which。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：首先，艺术家需要根据要在纸上表达的主题和形状画草图。句中已有谓语动词need，空处应用非谓语动词；分析句子结构可知base与逻辑主语sketches构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填based。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然后，他们用剪刀或刀沿着草图的线条切割和雕刻，剪出各种形状和图案。短语use sth. to do sth.表示“用某物做某事”。故填to cut。
【43题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：最后，将剪纸图案粘在纸上或其他物品上，完成一件美丽的剪纸作品。主语与谓语构成被动关系，陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为patterns，谓语用复数。故填are stuck。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：剪纸不仅是一种艺术形式，也是一种文化遗产。form为可数名词，此处为泛指，且art是发音以元音音素开头的单词，故填an。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：它展示了中国人民的智慧和创造力，传达了中国文化的价值和美。作动词的宾语，应用名词wisdom，不可数。故填wisdom。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，你校的某位外籍交换生在校英文报“Ask and Reply”栏目中求助，说自己刚到中国不久，语言不通，朋友不多，心理压力很大。请你就此来信给出建议。
注意：
1.词数80 左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear newcomer,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear newcomer,
I’ve read your problems in the newspaper and I understand quite well that you are anxious.
It is true that learning a new language and adjusting to a new environment take time. Actually, language is your advantage, which you can take of to help your classmates to learn English. And I believe they would be glad to help you with your Chinese.
What’s more, taking part in some activities or joining school clubs would be a good choice, which provides a chance to meet new people and gets familiar with the environment. You may even make new friends.
Enjoy your life in China and have a good time here.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给某位外籍交换生写一封信，针对该生刚到中国不久，语言不通，朋友不多，心理压力很大的情况给出合理的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
机会：chance→opportunity
参加：take part in→participate in
实际上：actually→in fact
高兴：glad→delighted
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：It is true that learning a new language and adjusting to a new environment take time.
拓展句：What is known to all is that learning a new language and adjusting to a new environment take time.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Actually, language is your advantage, which you can take of to help your classmates to learn English. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] What’s more, taking part in some activities or joining school clubs would be a good choice, which provides a chance to meet new people and gets familiar with the environment. (运用了动名词作主语和which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was already afraid of the water. After experiencing a shark attack when I was eight years old on a family trip to Florida, I barely went in the ocean any deeper than my knees. By shark, I mean dolphin, and by attack, I mean he was bobbing around in the water about five miles from shore, but people were screaming “SHARK!”and waving their hands around along the coastline. Real shark or not, that moment stuck with me. That memory, coupled with being freezing in any weather less than thirty degrees Celsius (摄氏), made the idea of plunging (投入) into cold water a hard pass.
My husband, Mike, had been cold plunging (冰浴) for years and would present me with facts to prove that it was a good thing. By doing so, you experience benefits such as heightened energy, immune (免疫的) system support, boosted mood, better sleep, and stress reduction. It was an appealing list of benefits—none of which mattered to me. What was presented as a clear “wonder drug” was still not attractive enough for me to get out of my warm house and go swimming. Did I mention that I live in Canada It’s minus twenty degrees Celsius here sometimes.
On New Year’s Day, Mike invited me to his cold plunging. I had been thinking less about health data and more about my confidence. Do you want to do something hard Something brave I asked myself. Something completely scary, uncomfortable and seemingly crazy, or do you want to say no and focus on all of the reasons why you wouldn’t dare I put on my swimsuit, covered it up with eighteen wool sweaters, and joined Mike for the adventure.
In fairness, it was a beautiful day. This made the scary thing feel a little more reasonable as Inegotiated (谈判；协商) with myself the entire twelve-minute drive. My heart was already pounding. We had packed a bag with towels, blankets, warm water for cleaning our sandy feet, and a hot cup of coffee to warm our hands.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I was determined to do the hard thing.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I have now been cold plunging for over a year.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
I was determined to do the hard thing. I dipped a toe in the icy waters. Slowly, I inched my legs forward until the waves unexpectedly climbed up to my kneecaps. My first cold plunging lasted five seconds. I was out of that water faster than a ball from a cannon. I screamed, laughed, and tripped. I had done it! The feeling of accomplishment washed away all my fears. I already knew I had the courage to go under, but now I had to work on staying there. The following week I stayed a little longer. I taught myself I could trust myself, knowing that I was more powerful than that taunting voice in my head.
I have now been cold dipping for over a year. In the depths of winter, I have broken through ice and breathed through the icy cold. I enjoy those moments more than any other part of my day. I am thinking only about survival, not my car payment, the garden that needs cleaning, or my gray hair. The first thirty seconds are still challenging, and l always get a little nervous before I step into the lake or ocean. But I have learned to relax in this state of immersion. What began as a place of fear has become a place of finding happiness.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者很怕水，是因为八岁时，作者遭遇鲨鱼袭击，自此作者几乎没下过膝盖以下的海里。作者的丈夫一直鼓励作者冰浴，但是作者从未这么做过。元旦那天，政府鼓励作者参加冷潜活动，经过纠结，作者最终决定去冒险，虽然作者很害怕，但是最终克服恐惧，进行了冷潜。如今踏入海洋，进行冷潜，这是作者喜欢做的事，作者不再惧怕海洋。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我决心做一件困难的事。”可知，第一段可描写克服了恐惧，成功进行了冷潜。
②由第二段首句内容“我现在已经冷潜一年多了。”可知，第二段可描写如今作者很喜欢冷潜，已经不再惧怕海洋。
2.续写线索：踏入冰水中——海浪爬到了膝盖骨上——冷潜持续了五秒钟——成功做到——克服恐惧，潜水时间更长——如今潜水一年多——享受冷潜——不再惧怕海洋
3.词汇激活行为类
①尖叫：screamr/squeal
②信任：trust/believe in
③享受：enjoy/appreciate
情绪类
①紧张的：nervous/tense
②幸福：happiness/felicity
【点睛】[高分句型1] Slowly, I inched my legs forward until the waves unexpectedly climbed up to my kneecaps. （由until引导的状语从句）
[高分句型2] I taught myself I could trust myself, knowing that I was more powerful than that taunting voice in my head.（由现在分词作状语和that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型3] What began as a place of fear has become a place of finding happiness.（由what引导的主语从句）
1~5 BABAA 6~10 CACBB 11~15 CCBBA 16~20 BAACC临沂市2022 级普通高中学科素养水平监测试卷
英 语 2024.1
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What animal is the man worrying about
A. A bear. B. A dog. C. A cat.
2. What subject is the man probably teaching
A. Geography. B. Physics. C. English.
3. Who is late for the meeting
A. Jill. B. Eric. C. Martin.
4. How will the man go home
A. Take the subway. B. Mail some papers. C. Drive home.
5. When was the parcel supposed to arrive
A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the man planning to make
A. Apple juice. B. Banana juice. C. Orange juice.
7. What will the speakers probably eat for lunch
A. A salad. B. Hamburgers. C. Barbecue.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What does the woman ask the man to do at first
A. Sell a second-hand computer to her.
B. Buy a new computer for her.
C. Repair her computer.
9. What will the woman do in the afternoon
A. Clean her office. B. Attend meetings. C. Go shopping.
10. What day is it tomorrow
A. Monday. B. Tuesday. C. Wednesday.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Lawyer and client.
B. Father and daughter.
C. Company owner and employee.
12. Where does the conversation take place
A. In an office. B. In a coffee shop. C. In the man’s home.
13. Why does the woman talk to the man
A. To invite him for coffee.
B. To offer him a new position.
C. To complain about her family matter.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. How does the woman feel about the man’s beard
A. She thinks it makes him look strange.
B. She prefers him to shave it all off.
C. She likes it to be longer.
15. How long does it take the man to grow a beard
A. About a month. B. About two months. C. About three months.
16. What sport is the man going to watch
A. Football. B. Rugby. C. Car racing.
17 Which country’s food does the woman prefer
A. Italy. B. France. C. Switzerland.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the talk mainly about
A. Origin and development of kites.
B. Methods of making kites.
C. Uses of kites in wars.
19. What did ancient Chinese use kites to do
A. Pass on secret messages.
B. Give warnings of danger.
C. Carry ropes across rivers.
20. Why did Benjamin Franklin fly a kite in the storm
A. To test the effects of an invention.
B To protect houses against lightning.
C. To prove that lightning is electricity.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Inca Empire was the most powerful of the day, ruling western South America between 1400 and 1533. And the Inca leaders sometimes needed vacations! That’s why the Inca built Machu Picchu in what’s now Peru. All that’s left today are ruins, but about 500 years ago, it was a bustling royal residence. Peek into the past to discover the secrets of this awesome spot.
ROYAL RELAXATION
The royal family lived mostly in the mountainous capital city, Cusco. But during the winter, they could move down to the warmer Machu Picchu. Emperor Pachacuti Inc a Yupanqui likely ordered construction of it around 1450. There, the royals could feast and entertain guests. The other 750 residents served the rulers and maintained the city.
PERFECT FIT
Earthquakes are common in Peru, so Inca builders designed Machu Picchu to resist these shakes. They cut the stones to fit together, and they didn’t use any material, like cement, to bind them. This way, when the ground shook, the stones could bounce around and then settle back into place.
CODED LANGUAGE
The Inca didn’t have a written language and instead used knotted cords called quipu (KEE-poo) to send messages and keep records. Experts think the style of the knot and the color of the string contained information. Researchers are now using computers to try to untangle these long-lost codes.
1. Why did the Inca Empire build Machu Picchu
A. For pleasure of more residents. B. For the recreation of the leaders.
C. For relocating the capital city. D. For appealing to more vacationers.
2. What did Inca builders do to resist the shakes
A. They made the stones fit together. B. They used cement to bind them.
C. They made the stones bounce around. D. They settled the stones back into place.
3. How did the Inca share important information
A. By telling others face to face. B. By writing it down on large stones.
C. By using their own unique language. D. By coloring some materials picked.
B
When Soares was a young boy growing up in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, his family didn’t have the means to pay for extracurricular activities. However, they found a solution by signing him up for a free circus school that aimed to keep him off the streets and out of trouble. It was there that Soares discovered his passion for performance art, including acrobatics, capoeira, acting, and clowning. Ballet never crossed his mind as a practical career option, as ballet wasn’t a noticeable dance form in Brazil at the time.
At the age of 12, Soares began dancing but not in the traditional sense. His older brother was part of a hip-hop street dance group, and Soares started hanging out with them. He soon combined his circus school skills with hip-hop and capoeira to create a unique style that fascinated audiences in Rio.
One day, the head of a Brazilian dance company saw Soares perform and arranged for him to selection for a dance school. He was awarded a scholarship that covered his tuition fees, and he began studying modern dance. However, it wasn’t long before everyone believed that Soares should switch to ballet. He was immediately put on a fast track, attending academic school in the mornings and ballet classes in the evenings.
Soares’ parents were hesitant about their son pursuing ballet as a career. They were worried about his grades and whether ballet would provide him with a stable future. Soares shared their concerns and had never known anyone who pursued ballet professionally.
Despite these reservations, something incredible happened within two years of Soares starting ballet training. He participated in the Paris International Dance Competition and won a silver medal. This achievement was even more impressive considering that most of his competitors had been studying ballet since childhood. After Paris, Soares joined the national ballet company in Brazil and began earning money from his dancing.
Three years later, he went on to win the gold medal at the Moscow International Competition, previously won by legendary ballet dancers like Mikhail Baryshnikov.
4. Why was Soares sent to a circus school
A. To seek a chance to make a name. B. To stop him getting into trouble.
C. To earn money to pay for tuition fees. D. To develop an interest in performance art.
5. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3
A. Modern dance became his favorite. B. Winning a scholarship was his main aim.
C. He quickly displayed his talent for ballet. D. His academic classes had to give way to ballet classes.
6. What is the original attitude of Soares’ parents to his pursuing ballet
A. Doubtful. B. Objective. C. Supportive. D. Unclear.
7. What’s the best title for the text
A. An Unconventional Journey to a Ballet Star
B. The Financial Struggles of a Young Dancer
C. Modern Dance: A Gateway to Ballet Excellece
D. The Dilemma: Balancing School and Ballet for Success
C
A model of personalised dementia (痴呆症) support could improve life for people with dementia and their carers by allowing them to make the best choices for their own care needs.
In Britain, there is a concerning gap in dementia support, notes Dr Tomasina, Dementia Care Programme Lead at the University of Plymouth. “They have received a diagnosis but are not yet in need of a care home or input from specialists. Worryingly, these individuals and their carers, who are usually family members, are often left without suitable support to face a range of severe challenges,” she says.
Challenges can include social lonliness, despair and frailty (脆弱) due to combined physical and cognitive decline. However, a five-year research project including the Universities of Plymouth and Manchester-established in 2018 and funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research—aims to remedy this disregard by evaluating a system for dementia support they have developed.
Dementia Personalised Care Team(D-PACT) proposes improving the lives of people living with dementia and their carers with personalised emotional and practical support from an appropriately trained Dementia Support Worker. “The Support Worker becomes a trusted point of contact who can spot potential problems before they get into crises,” says Professor Richard Byng, Professor in Primary Care Research at the University of Plymouth. “It’s a model that helps the individual and their carers function and stay together.”
The study, which was conducted in a range of settings, shows potential value and has been well-received by those who took part. “People have described a step change in their support,” says Professor Byng. “They say they feel listened to and treated as a person, getting reassurance and relief—particularly carers—that they are doing things right and someone is alongside them.”
8. What’s the purpose of the personalised support
A. To cure people with severe dementia.
B. To bridge the gap between patients and doctors.
C. To help people with dementia choose the best carers.
D To better the life of people with dementia and their carers.
9. What does the underlined word “remedy” mean in Paragraph 3
A. Build up. B. Make up for. C. Take over. D. Take care of.
10. What can a trained Dementia Support Worker do
A. Deal with potential problems.
B. Propose to D-PACT a better support.
C. Help people with dementia recover quickly.
D. Provide emotional support for patients with dementia.
11. What can we learn about the personalised support
A. It can relieve people’s stress. B. It functions like a person.
C. It can help people listen better. D. It is especially helpful to carers.
D
When it comes to keeping off extra pounds, watching what we eat may not be enough—we have to keep an eye on our food’s packaging, too. Half the world is expected to be overweight by 2035. In addition to overeating and lack of exercise, the scientific community is exploring another factor that may contribute—eating products packaged in plastic.
For a study published last year, researchers at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology set out to determine what chemical compounds (化合物) exist in 34 common plastic items that touch things we eat, such as yogurt cups, juice bottles, candy packages, and plastic wrap used for produce and cheese, as well as items often found in kitchen.
Of the 55,000 chemicals the researchers found in these items, only 629 were identifiable, which influence our bodies’ ability to regulate weight, troubling health effects. “We’re quite certain that there are many chemicals in plastic products that impact metabolism (新陈代谢), but we just couldn’t identify all of them,” Martin Wagner, a study co-author said. Strikingly, Wagner and his colleagues found that a third of all the common products they tested contain chemicals that cause the adipogenic (生脂的) process. Although we are exposed to them daily, most of these mystery chemicals are unknown, unstudied and unregulated.
For years, experts have been warning against plastic food containers, particularly for hot or oily foods which may make the plastics unstable and increase the risk of chemical leaching (渗出). As one of them, Wagner argues that we need to start reducing our exposure to plastic without waiting for more slow-moving research to prove that the plastics in our food, products, blood and organs are risk factors for bad health outcomes.
Really, reducing our plastic exposure should be our overall goal. When we think about cutting junk out of our diets, the criminals shouldn’t just be candy and soda—plastic needs to go, too.
12. What newly-found factor may cause overweight
A. Eating too much. B. Lack of exercise.
C. Unhealthy eating habits. D. Food’s plastic packaging.
13. What is the finding of the study published last year
A. Most products tested contain adipogenic chemicals.
B. Metabolism is affected by chemicals in plastic products.
C. The influence of plastic products on our health is unknown.
D. Only 629 chemicals in plastic products regulate people ‘s weight.
14. What does Wagner suggest we do
A. Stop eating foods packaged in plastic.
B. Avoid using plastic products for hot or oily foods.
C. Reduce our exposure to plastic as much as possible.
D. Wait for more research to prove the risks of plastics.
15. What is the passage mainly about
A. Keeping off extra pounds is urgent.
B. It’s high time to stop using plastic packaging.
C. Chemicals in plastic packaging may lead to overweight.
D. Plastic food packaging proves to contain harmful chemicals.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分 12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When visiting a park, it is common to observe older individuals listening to audio (有声的) books instead of reading traditional books. Audio books have become quite popular these days. ____16____ Is listening to an audio book just as beneficial as reading a book
____17____ Reading needs us to focus all our attention on the words in a book. We also need to find time and a specific place to sit down and read. However, audio books provide flexibility and allow individuals to engage in other activities while listening. And it gives your eyes a break, too.
But the big question is, do we get knowledge from audio books as effectively as we do from paper books ____18____ Volunteers in group one were asked to listen to an audio book while volunteers in group two read a book of the same content. Surprisingly, both groups recalled the same amount of information, whether they listened to it or read it.
Another study published in the Journal of Neuroscience further supported the result above. In the study, researchers scanned (扫描) people’s brains when they listened to and read books. ____19____
Some people still believe that they learn better from reading paper books. One reason might be that when we listen to audio books, we are often multitasking. If you’re trying to learn while doing two things, you’re not going to learn as well. ____20____ It is important to avoid it while listening to audio books to ensure best learning outcomes.
A. How do people obtain audio books
B. You can listen to audio books anytime.
C. Multitasking can interrupt effective learning.
D. Researchers conduct an experiment to figure it out.
E. Why are more and more people choosing audio books
F. One of the main advantages of audio books is convenience.
G. It reveals that both activities excite almost the same parts of the brain.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
In 1978, Avril and Christopher Rowlands paid 6 for a fir (冷杉), brought it to their new home in the pretty village of Inkberry. After ____21____ their first Christmas together, they planted the tree in their front garden to ____22____ their first Christmas in their new home. It has ____23____ grown over the years and nowadays, it ____24____ over their four-bedroom property—measuring about 50 feet. Each December the couple decorate their giant fir with thousands of fairy lights which they switch on for the ____25____ .
The tree is so ____26____ that a cherry picker is used to reach the top branches and add the star to the top. The lighted tree is one of the brightest landmarks (标志性建筑) in Inkberrow, which is one of UK’s darkest villages ____27____ there being no street lights.
Avril and Christopher’s fir now attracts thousands of people who ____28____ their tree every December. As a retired TV writer, Avril said, “We love doing the Christmas lights. The ____29____can be seen from miles around on nights and people ____30____ to see it. It’s become something of a (an) ____31____ for people in the village and beyond. It even ____32____ me to write a children’s book about the tree called The Laxford House Christmas Tree.“ The couple ask for people who admire the tree to make a ____33____ and over the years they have raised thousands of pounds for charity.
“The tree is really ____34____,” said the retired BBC editor Christopher. “During COVID, it was lit, like a beaco (灯塔) of ____35____.”
21.
A. consuming B. enjoying C. perceiving D. planning
22.
A. defend B. support C. expose D. mark
23.
A. initially B. steadily C. tightly D. severely
24.
A. runs B. stands C. swings D. stretches
25.
A. strangers B. passers-by C. villagers D. travelers
26.
A tall B. attractive C. unique D. bright
27.
A. in spite of B. by means of C. in case of D. on account of
28
A. spot B. view C. decorate D. water
29.
A. tree B. light C. gift D. garden
30.
A. struggle B. crowd C. march D. parade
31.
A. appetite B. fashion C. tradition D. trend
32.
A. inspired B. persuaded C. allowed D. convinced
33.
A. difference B. decision C. donation D. fortune
34.
A. rare B. slight C. secure D. special
35.
A. hope B. kindness C. success D. pride
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In China, paper-cutting is one of the treasures of traditional culture. It uses paper ____36____ a material and creates various patterns and shapes through the cutting and carving of scissors or knives. The history of paper-cutting ____37____ (date) back to the Han Dynasty, when people began to use paper-cutting to decorate doors, windows, and screens. With the passage of time, paper-cutting ____38____ (gradual) developed into a unique art form and spread throughout the country.
The themes of paper-cutting are very extensive, ____39____(include) animals, plants, characters, fairy tales, and so on. The most common themes are zodiac signs and the character “fu” (good fortune), ____40____ symbolize good luck and happiness. The production process of paper-cutting requires patience and skill. First, artists need to draw sketches (草图) ____41____ (base) on the theme and shape to be expressed on paper. Then, they use scissors or knives ____42____ (cut) and carve along the lines of the sketch, cutting out various shapes and patterns. Finally, the cut patterns ____43____ (stick) to paper or other items to complete a beautiful paper-cutting work.
Paper-cutting is not only ____44____ art form, but also a cultural heritage. It shows the _____45_____(wise) and creativity of the Chinese people, conveying the values and beauty of Chinese culture. Therefore, we should treasure and inherit (继承) this valuable cultural heritage.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，你校的某位外籍交换生在校英文报“Ask and Reply”栏目中求助，说自己刚到中国不久，语言不通，朋友不多，心理压力很大。请你就此来信给出建议。
注意：
1.词数80 左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear newcomer,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was already afraid of the water. After experiencing a shark attack when I was eight years old on a family trip to Florida, I barely went in the ocean any deeper than my knees. By shark, I mean dolphin, and by attack, I mean he was bobbing around in the water about five miles from shore, but people were screaming “SHARK!”and waving their hands around along the coastline. Real shark or not, that moment stuck with me. That memory, coupled with being freezing in any weather less than thirty degrees Celsius (摄氏), made the idea of plunging (投入) into cold water a hard pass.
My husband, Mike, had been cold plunging (冰浴) for years and would present me with facts to prove that it was a good thing. By doing so, you experience benefits such as heightened energy, immune (免疫的) system support, boosted mood, better sleep, and stress reduction. It was an appealing list of benefits—none of which mattered to me. What was presented as a clear “wonder drug” was still not attractive enough for me to get out of my warm house and go swimming. Did I mention that I live in Canada It’s minus twenty degrees Celsius here sometimes.
On New Year’s Day, Mike invited me to his cold plunging. I had been thinking less about health data and more about my confidence. Do you want to do something hard Something brave I asked myself. Something completely scary, uncomfortable and seemingly crazy, or do you want to say no and focus on all of the reasons why you wouldn’t dare I put on my swimsuit, covered it up with eighteen wool sweaters, and joined Mike for the adventure.
In fairness, it was a beautiful day. This made the scary thing feel a little more reasonable as Inegotiated (谈判；协商) with myself the entire twelve-minute drive. My heart was already pounding. We had packed a bag with towels, blankets, warm water for cleaning our sandy feet, and a hot cup of coffee to warm our hands.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I was determined to do the hard thing.
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I have now been cold plunging for over a year.
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1~5 BABAA 6~10 CACBB 11~15 CCBBA 16~20 BAACC
