2023~2024学年第二学期福建省部分学校教学联盟高一年级开学质量监测
英 语 试 卷
（完卷时间：120分钟；满分：150分）
温馨提示：请将所有答案填写到答题卡的相应位置上！请不要错位、越界答题！
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
Where does the man plan to go this year
A. Europe. B. Asia. C. South America.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Are you going to Europe for your vacation this year
M: No, we go there every year and we have already been to Asia a couple of times. But we have never been to South America, so we are going there.
2.
When will the electricity be on again tonight
A. At 7:00 pm. B. At 9:00 pm. C. At 10:00 pm.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I heard there will be a power cut tonight.
W: Don’t worry. I’ve already bought some candles.
M: So when will it begin
W: It’ll begin at 7:00 pm and will last for three hours.
3.
How much did the ice cream cost
A. $5. B. $9. C. $10.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: That was expensive. I only got one dollar change. When I was young, even five dollars would have been a crazy price for an ice cream.
W: You gave him ten dollars Surely, he has made a mistake. Go back and ask.
4.
Where will the speakers meet
A. At the station. B. In front of the cinema. C. At the church.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: The film is very good. Shall we meet at 8:00 pm at the entrance of the cinema
W: All right. But how can I get there
M: When you get out of the station, turn left and then keep walking until you come to a church. The cinema is just opposite.
W: Yes, I know. See you then.
5.
Why has the man come a long way to see the woman
A. To have an interview. B. To ask about a lawyer. C. To register an advertisement.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Well, Mr Li. It’s early and you’ve come a long way just for an interview.
M: Yes. I read your advertisement in the newspaper and my aunt said this is a good company and since I’d like to be a lawyer someday, we thought the job would give me a new start.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What does the man think of the woman’s handwriting
A. It is elegant. B. It is messy. C. It is standard.
7. What is the woman writing
A. A scientific paper. B. A shopping list. C. A news report.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Your handwriting is a bit of a mess.
W: I know. I’m used to typing. I haven’t really written anything since high school.
M: We used to have to practice handwriting in school every day. The teacher said mine was elegant.
W: That’s quite impressive. I was happy just to get a standard grade in writing, but thankfully the handwriting isn’t being marked.
M: Er, what are you writing anyway
W: It’s a scientific study on the advantages and disadvantages of electric cars. I’ll get my computer back from the repair shop tomorrow. So I’ll type them up then.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What day is it today
A. Wednesday. B. Thursday. C. Friday.
9. What has stopped the woman taking the table by the window
A. It’s already been reserved. B. It’s in the smoking area. C. It costs more.
10. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Try another restaurant. B. Choose an outdoor table. C. Make a reservation another day.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, Blue Hills at Fox River. How can I help you
W: Hello, I’d like to reserve a table for two at 8:00 this Friday evening.
M: This Friday… that would be the day after tomorrow. May I have your name, Madam
W: It’s Lisa Fremont, and I’d like the table to be near the window, please.
M: We do still have one table by the window available, Ms. Fremont, but it’s in the smoking area. Can you accept that
W: No. I can’t bear the cigarettes. Perhaps I should make a reservation at your place some other day…
M: Well, why not choose an outdoor table, Ms. Fremont I think it would be nice to enjoy your meal in the open air on a pleasant summer evening.
W: You’ve got a point. Okay. Thanks.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. What are the speakers talking about
A. Benefits of exercise. B. Ways of keeping fit. C. Tips for losing weight.
12. What does the scientific journal say about keeping fit
A. Regular mild physical activity works better.
B. Working out at the gym is the most rewarding.
C. Avoid eating after doing intensive (高强度的) exercise.
13. What does Rashmi do to stay fit
A. He works out at the gym. B. He runs in the park. C. He goes cycling.
【答案】11. B 12. A 13. C
【解析】
原文】W: How do you advise people to stay fit and healthy, Rashmi
M: Well, I was reading a scientific journal just this morning saying that working out at the gym is actually less effective than going for a walk regularly in the park.
W: Really Why did it say that
M: I think the idea is that if you do really intensive exercise, then you’re more likely to reward yourself with a bigger snack at the end of the session. But if you just stretch your legs often or take regular gentle exercise, it doesn’t have the same effect.
W: So what do you do You’re in pretty good shape.
M: Well, I try not to pay too much attention to my weight. I’ve never been a fan of the gym and I never go for a run — I find it boring. But recently I’ve got into road cycling. Every couple of weeks a few of us go out for a ride in the countryside — 40 or 50 kilometers. The scenery’s beautiful and it’s a great way to enjoy nature and stay fit at the same time.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14 What problem does the woman face
A. She can’t turn on her computer. B. She can’t open a document. C. She can’t handle her work.
15. When did the woman’s problem occur
A. Yesterday morning. B. Last night. C. This morning.
16. What does the man ask the woman to do
A. Send him an email. B. Come to his place. C. Give him a call.
【答案】14. B 15. C 16. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi Jason. Sorry to bother you. I’ve been having a problem with my computer. I thought you might be able to help me.
M: I see. What’s the problem
W: I have a file that I can’t access for some reason. I have to hand it in tomorrow.
M: Were you able to open it before, on the computer you’re using now
W: Yes, I was working on it last night and everything was fine, but this morning I couldn’t open it.
M: Do you think your computer might have a virus
W: No, I checked and there weren’t any.
M: I’m not sure what’s wrong. If it’s possible, email the file to me and I’ll see if I can get it to open.
W: OK, I’ll do that when I get home.
M: I’ll be home after 8 p.m. Send it to me when you get a chance and I’ll call you later.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What’s the talk mainly about
A. The development of the bicycle.
B The materials of making the bicycle.
C. The process of the bicycle’s becoming popular.
18. What is the disadvantage of the bicycle before MacMillan’s design
A. The bicycle couldn’t change directions.
B. The wheels of the bicycle weren’t well fixeD.
C. The rider’s feet couldn’t leave the grounD.
19. When was the size of the bicycle’s wheels changed
A. In 1817. B. In 1839. C. In 1869.
20. What happened in 1884
A. Bicycles first had rubber tires.
B. The “safety bicycle” appeared.
C. Bicycles could run faster.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【详解】The first bicycle appeared in France in the 1790s. It was a little wooden horse with a fixed front wheel.Because the wheel was fixed, it could not be turned right or left. The only way it could be controlled was by the rider pushing against the ground with his or her feet. In 1817, a German replaced the fixed front wheel with one that could be turned. Now the wooden horse could be directed right or left. The rider still needed to push it with his or her feet on the ground.In 1839, a Scottish MacMillan designed the first bicycle-like machine with foot board and rode it for 40 miles in only 5 hours. The bicycle got more comfortable in 1869 when rubber tires were introduced. Around the same time, the front wheels began to grow larger while the back wheels got smaller. During the 1880s, bicycles enjoyed a sudden growth in popularity. However, they weren’t very safe. Sitting high up towards the front of the bicycle and traveling very fast, the rider could be easily thrown over the front wheel if the bicycle hit a small stone. Fortunately, the “safety bicycle” was invented in 1884. The safety bicycle had equal-sized wheels and tires with air in them. And more improvements quickly followed. No doubt there will be further improvements in design and materials in the future.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Welcome to Holker Hall & Gardens
Visitor Information
How to Get to Holker
By Car: Follow brown signs an A590 from JB6, M6. Approximate travel times: Windermere-20 minutes, Kendal-25 minutes, Lancaster-45 minutes, Manchester-1 hour 30 minutes.
By Rail: The nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth, Lancaster Preston for connections to major cities & airports.
Opening Times
Sunday-Friday (closed on Saturday)11:00 am-4:00pm,30 March-2nd November.
Admission Charges
Hall & Gardens Gardens
Adults: 12.00 8.00
Groups 9 5.5
Special Events
Producers: Market 13th April
Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.
Holker Garden Festival 30th May
The event celebrate its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in gardening.
National Garden Day 28th August
Holker once again opens is gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide.
Winter Market 8th November
This is an event for all the family. Wander among a variety of shops selling gifs while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.
21. How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester
A. 20 minutes. B. 25 minutes.
C. 45 minutes. D. 90 minutes.
22. How much should a member of a tour group pay to visit to Hall & Cardens
A. 12.00. B. 9.00.
C. 8.0 D. 5.50
23. Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show
A. Producers’ Market. B. Holker Garden Festival.
C. National Garden Day. D. Winter Market.
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. D
【解析】
【分析】文章为旅游指南。文章主要介绍了去Holker Hall& Garden旅游的相关信息，如：出行方式，开放时间，旅行费用以及主要活动等。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段How to Get to Holker中By car里Approximate travel times后面内容可知，从Manchester到Holker要用1 hour and 30 minutes，即90分钟，故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Admission Charges可知，团体中的一员去Hall & Gardens 需要支付9英镑。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Winter Market中最后一句Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.可知，如果想去看现场表演需要去Winter Market。故选D。
【点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。（2）语言转述型。（3）语意理解型。（4）是非辨别型。（5）事实排序型。
此题中的三题全为细节理解题。细节理解题首先要根据题干准确定位信息句，其次要对信息句进行准确的理解和判断，如第一题为转述型，1 hour and 30 minutes，即90分钟。第二题和第三题则为简单的一一对应型，只要找到信息句即可得出答案。
B
Opening the pages of Liuba Draws Beijing takes you on a fascinating visual journey through the heart of China’s busy capital city. Within its lively watercolors, traditional hutong, the grand Summer Palace, and the contemporary charm of Beijing’s Sanlitun and 798Art District all come alive through the artistic lens of Liuba Vladimirova, more famously known as Liuba Draws.
Vladimirova’s journey from the icy Siberian city of Irkutsk to the vital Beijing started during her college years, when she commenced with an academic exchange program connecting her Russian university with Liaoning University in Shenyang, in Northeast China’s Liaoning Province. It was during this transformative period that she first set foot in Beijing. Since then, her affection for the city has been undeniable.
Vladimirova’s path as an artist was far from linear (直线的). Since childhood Vladimirova has developed a love for drawing and painting. However, she pursued a different academic and professional route, studying Chinese and international trade in college and later working in trade relations between Russia and China, none of which was directly connected to the world of art. Yet, Vladimirova’s inner artist remained alive.
In 2015, Vladimirova began crafting a series of illustrations centered around Beijing, properly named “The Beijing Calendar”. What attracts Vladimirova most is Beijing’s historic hutong. These narrow alleyways, rich in history and culture, serve as a wellspring (源泉) of inspiration for her artistry.
Vladimirova’s ability to catch these hidden small differences likely comes from her unique perspective as an “outsider”—someone who didn’t grow up in Beijing. This fresh perspective allowed her to arrive in the city with fresh eyes and an eager heart, ready to embrace a new culture.
24. What do the underlined words “commenced with” mean in paragraph 2
A. Improved. B. Began. C. Resisted. D. Assessed.
25. What do we know about Vladimirova from paragraph 3
A. She gave up her dream. B. She won many art prizes several years ago.
C. She was hardworking over her childhood. D. She delayed her artistic career.
26. Why does the author mention hutong
A. To praise Beijing’s architecture. B. To show the inspiration of Vladimirova’s art making.
C. To state the main contents of an art book. D. To advise tourists to visit Beijing.
27. Which statement best summarizes Vladimirova’s success
A. Curiosity works wonders. B. Hard work pays off in time.
C. The world is diverse and lively. D. Painting has no national boundaries.
【答案】24. B 25. D 26. B 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了胡同里的外国艺术家俄罗斯插画师Liuba Vladimirova以及她用水彩为北京手绘的“纪念册”——《Liuba画北京》。
【24题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中划线部分所在句中的“Vladimirova’s journey from the icy Siberian city of Irkutsk to the vital Beijing started during her college years(弗拉基米罗娃从冰冷的西伯利亚城市伊尔库茨克到充满活力的北京的旅程始于她的大学时代)”可知，Vladimirova在上大学时来到北京；由划线部分所在从句“when she commenced with an academic exchange program connecting her Russian university with Liaoning University in Shenyang, in Northeast China’s Liaoning Province(当时她commenced with一个学术交流项目，将她所在的俄罗斯大学与中国东北辽宁省沈阳的辽宁大学联系起来。)”以及下文“It was during this transformative period that she first set foot in Beijing.(正是在这一变革时期，她第一次踏上了北京的土地。)”可知，她由于在大学期间来到辽宁大学开始学术交流项目而有机会去北京；“she commenced with an academic exchange program connecting her Russian university with Liaoning University in Shenyang”表达的意思为“她开始了她的俄罗斯大学与沈阳辽宁大学的学术交流项目”，“commenced with”意为“开始”，与B选项began表达意思一致。故选B。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Vladimirova’s path as an artist was far from linear (直线的). Since childhood Vladimirova has developed a love for drawing and painting. However, she pursued a different academic and professional route, studying Chinese and international trade in college and later working in trade relations between Russia and China, none of which was directly connected to the world of art. Yet, Vladimirova’s inner artist remained alive.( Vladimirova作为艺术家的道路远非直线的。Vladimirova从小就对绘画和绘画产生了热爱。然而，她追求不同的学术和专业路线，在大学学习中国和国际贸易，后来从事中俄贸易关系方面的工作，这些都与艺术界没有直接联系。然而，Vladimirova内心的艺术家仍然活着。)”可知，尽管Vladimirova从小就对绘画和绘画产生了热爱，但是她在大学学习中国和国际贸易，并从事中俄贸易关系方面的工作；由此可知，她一开始从事的是与艺术没有联系的工作，后来才从事艺术行业，她推迟了她的艺术生涯。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“In 2015, Vladimirova began crafting a series of illustrations centered around Beijing, properly named “The Beijing Calendar”. What attracts Vladimirova most is Beijing’s historic hutong. These narrow alleyways, rich in history and culture, serve as a wellspring (源泉) of inspiration for her artistry.(2015年，Vladimirova开始创作一系列以北京为中心的插图，并将其命名为“北京日历”。最吸引Vladimirova的是北京历史悠久的胡同。这些历史文化丰富的窄巷是她艺术创作灵感的源泉。)”可知，最吸引Vladimirova的是北京历史悠久的胡同，历史文化丰富的窄巷是她艺术创作灵感的源泉；由此可知，作者提到胡同是为了展示Vladimirova艺术创作的灵感。故选B。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一段“Vladimirova’s ability to catch these hidden small differences likely comes from her unique perspective as an “outsider”—someone who didn’t grow up in Beijing. This fresh perspective allowed her to arrive in the city with fresh eyes and an eager heart, ready to embrace a new culture. (Vladimirova能够捕捉到这些隐藏的细微差异，可能是因为她作为一个‘局外人’——一个不在北京长大的人——的独特视角。这种全新的视角让她带着全新的眼光和渴望的心来到这座城市，准备接受一种新的文化。)”可知，Vladimirova的展示北京的绘画之所以如此成功是她对这座城市充满好奇心，以一个“局外人”的身份带着全新的眼光和渴望的心来到北京，以全新的视角去接受一种新的文化；A选项“Curiosity works wonders.(好奇心能创造奇迹。)”能够最好地概括Vladimirova的成功。故选A。
C
Recycling is a great way of doing your bit for the environment and helping to protect the earth’s precious resources. However, a new study has revealed that our desire to be sustainable maybe doing more harm than good. According to waste company Biffa, this is because of “wish-cycling” — assuming that items such as disposable coffee cup sand pizza boxes will be recycled if put in the recycling bin. In fact, pollution from those items or other non-recyclables can result in recyclable items that have been put in the correct bin going to landfill. David Heaton, a business director at Biffa, said: “Pollution happens when items are disposed of in the wrong bins or haven’t been cleaned before being recycled.”
Experts at Biffa analyzed the amounts of non-target and non-recyclable materials that entered UK material recycling facilities between 2016 and 2020. It was found that, in 2016, the average pollution rate of recycling waste was 13.4 percent, rising over four years to 17 percent by the end of 2020. This shows that, even as people are becoming more eco-conscious, wish-cycling is increasing both in households and businesses.
The Biffa experts say that one of the best ways to prevent pollution of recycling is to clean recyclable waste before putting it in the bin. They suggest cutting off the top of old pizza boxes and only recycling that part to avoid pollution from the grease (油脂). Check the on-packaging recycling label to check it can actually be recycled When it comes to plastics, Biffa recommends checking the resin code, the number in the plastic triangle, to know whether it should go in the recycling bin. In general, resin codes 1, 2, 4 and 5 are recyclable, while 3, 6 and 7 are not. Larger items, like electronics, furniture and batteries, can also be recycled but often can not go in household recycling bins as they need specialist separating. These will need to be taken to recycling centers or sustainable waste management companies.
“It’s vital as a nation that we get better at effective ‘pre-cycling’— sorting waste correctly before collection to reduce pollution rates,” added Mr. Heaton.
28. What’s the truth of “wish-cycling” according to the first paragraph
A. The desire to lead a sustainable life.
B. The good intention to help recycling.
C. The habit of throwing items that end up in landfills.
D. The practice of recycling items that can not be recycled.
29. What has experts at Biffa concluded after their analysis
A. People are becoming more eco-conscious.
B. Wish-cycling is on the rise in recent years.
C. Pollution happens less frequently in recycling facilities.
D. People are used to cleaning recyclable waste before putting it in the bin.
30. Which of the following is a proper way of recycling
A. Dispose of electronics together with household waste.
B. Skip the step of checking the on-packaging recycling label.
C. Check the resin code of plastics to see whether it is recyclable or not.
D. Cutoff the top of old pizza box and throw the rest to the recycling bin.
31. Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. Recycling: a Big Project B. Wish-cycling: a New Trend
C. Wish-cycling: a Growing Concern D. Pre-cycling: an Effective Method
【答案】28. B 29. B 30. C 31. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“希望循环”所带来的问题，同时文章就如何正确回收提出建议。
28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“However, a new study has revealed that our desire to be sustainable maybe doing more harm than good.(然而，一项新的研究表明，我们对可持续发展的渴望可能弊大于利)”和“this is because of “wish-cycling” — assuming that items such as disposable coffee cup sand pizza boxes will be recycled if put in the recycling bin. (这是因为“希望循环”——认为一次性咖啡杯和比萨饼盒等物品如果放入回收箱就会被回收)”可知，“希望循环”的真相是人们认为把垃圾扔进回收箱就会被回收。由此可推知，这是一种帮助回收利用的好意。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“This shows that, even as people are becoming more eco-conscious, wish-cycling is increasing both in households and businesses.(这表明，尽管人们越来越注重环保，但在家庭和企业中，“希望循环”的数量都在增加)”可知，近年来，“希望循环”的数量正在不断增加。故选B。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“When it comes to plastics, Biffa recommends checking the resin code, the number in the plastic triangle, to know whether it should go in the recycling bin. (当谈到塑料时，Biffa建议检查树脂代码，即塑料三角形中的数字，以了解它是否应该放入回收箱)”可知，检查塑料的树脂代码，看看它是否可回收，这是合适的回收方法，故选C。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“However, a new study has revealed that our desire to be sustainable maybe doing more harm than good. According to waste company Biffa, this is because of “wish-cycling” — assuming that items such as disposable coffee cup sand pizza boxes will be recycled if put in the recycling bin. In fact, pollution from those items or other non-recyclables can result in recyclable items that have been put in the correct bin going to landfill. (然而，一项新的研究表明，我们对可持续发展的渴望可能弊大于利。据废品处理公司 Biffa 称，这是因为“希望循环”——假设一次性咖啡杯和比萨饼盒等物品如果放入回收箱就会被回收利用。事实上，来自这些物品或其他不可回收物品的污染会导致已经放入正确垃圾箱的可回收物品被送往垃圾填埋场)”可知，文章主要讲述了“希望回收”所带来的问题，同时文章就如何正确回收提出建议，由此可推知，C项“希望循环：一个日益关注的问题”适合做文章标题。故选C。
D
In his 1936 work How to Win Friends and Influence People, Dale Carnegie wrote: “I have come to the conclusion that there is only one way to get the best of an argument — and that is to avoid it.” This distaste for arguments is common, but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes problems for our personal and social lives — and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place.
Carnegie would be right if arguments were fights, which is how we often think of them. Like physical fights, verbal (言语的) fights can leave both sides bloodied. Even when you win, you end up no better off. You would be feeling almost as bad if arguments were even just competitions — like, say, tennis tournaments. Pairs of opponents hit the ball back and forth until one winner comes out from all who entered. Everybody else loses. This kind of thinking explains why so many people try to avoid arguments.
However, there are ways to win an argument every time. When you state your position, formulate (阐述) an argument for what you claim and honestly ask yourself whether your argument is any good. When you talk with someone who takes a stand, ask them to give you a reason for their view and spell out their argument fully. Assess its strength and weakness. Raise objections (异议) and listen carefully to their replies. This method will require effort, but practice will make you better at it.
These tools can help you win every argument — not in the unhelpful sense of beating your opponents but in the better sense of learning about what divides people, learning why they disagree with us and learning to talk and work together with them. If we readjust our view of arguments — from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain respect and understanding from each other — then we change the very nature of what it means to “win” an argument.
32. What is the author’s attitude toward Carnegie’s understanding of argument
A. Critical. B. Supportive. C. Tolerant. D. Uncertain.
33. Why do many people try to avoid arguments
A. They lack debating skills. B. They may feel bad even if they win.
C. They fear being ignored. D. They are not confident in themselves.
34. What does the underlined phrase “spell out” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Defend. B. Explain. C. Conclude. D. Repeat.
35. What is the key to “winning” an argument according to the author
A. Sense of logic. B. Solid supporting evidence.
C. Proper manners. D. Understanding from both sides.
【答案】32. A 33. B 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，作者阐述了争论的意义和赢得争论的方法。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“This distaste for arguments is common, but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes problems for our personal and social lives — and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place.(这种对争论的厌恶是很普遍的，但它取决于对争论的错误看法，这种观点会给我们的个人和社会生活带来问题——而且在很多方面，它首先忽略了争论的意义)”可知，作者对于Carnegie对争论的看法持批判态度，故选A。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Like physical fights, verbal (言语的) fights can leave both sides bloodied. Even when you win, you end up no better off. You would be feeling almost as bad if arguments were even just competitions — like, say, tennis tournaments.(和身体上的打斗一样，言语上的打斗也会让双方流血。即使你赢了，你最终也不会变得更好。如果争论只是一场比赛，比如网球比赛，你也会感觉很糟糕)”可知， 很多人尽量避免争论，是因为即使赢了他们也感觉很糟糕，故选B。
【34题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线短语所在句“ask them to give you a reason for their view”可知，让他们为自己的观点提供依据，即让他们充分阐明他们的观点，spell out意为“解释明白，讲清楚”，故选B。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“If we readjust our view of arguments — from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain respect and understanding from each other — then we change the very nature of what it means to “win” an argument.(如果我们重新调整我们对争论的看法——从一场口水战或网球比赛转变为一种理性的交流，通过这种交流，我们都能获得彼此的尊重和理解——那么我们就改变了‘赢得’争论的本质)”可知，作者认为“赢得”争论的关键是通过交流获得彼此的尊重和理解，故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Growing plants is often seen as a very “green” thing to do, but like many products, they take a huge amount of energy to produce.____36____For example, they use geothermal(地热的) energy to heat greenhouses and solar power to supply electricity and lighting. While domestic growing doesn’t involve the same carbon footprint as commercial growing, it’s important to consider what we can all do to minimize our own impact while still enjoying growing plants.
Over-consumption of plants is a big issue. It’s so easy to get overexcited when you see all these incredible plants, and you can end up carrying home huge numbers of them.____37____ The more plants you have, the more limited your time and resources become, and plants can suffer. This leads to another issue-many people may end up throwing away their plants which don’t look perfect or stop flowering, in a similar way to the world of fast fashion. ____38____.
If you are ready and able to increase your collection, propagate(繁殖) from your own plants rather than buying more, and share plants with others. ____39____Meanwhile, we can build a community of like-minded, passionate plant people.
Recycling takes a huge amount of input, which can end up more damaging to the environment, so instead of buying something of lower quality that needs replacing every year, buy fewer things of a higher quality. ____40____And they can be passed down the generations.
A. But large collections call for an enormous amount of work.
B. Many commercial growers continue to market their produce.
C. This removes the need to buy plants and encourages a sharing culture.
D. These will last many years and be more cost-effective in the long term.
E. So it’s important to assess your collection and buy plants you have time to look after.
F. Throwing them away will greatly reduce your gardening footprint on the environment.
G. Many large-scale growers have used technology to minimize their impact on the environment.
【答案】36. G 37. A 38. E 39. C 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了植物过度消耗所带来的危害，以及我们该如何做。
【36题详解】
上文“Growing plants is often seen as a very “green” thing to do, but like many products, they take a huge amount of energy to produce.(种植植物通常被认为是一件非常“绿色”的事情，但是像许多产品一样，它们需要大量的能量来生产。)”提到种植植物需要大量的能量，下文“For example, they use geothermal(地热的) energy to heat greenhouses and solar power to supply electricity and lighting.(例如，他们利用地热能加热温室，利用太阳能供应电力和照明。)”举例说明种植者是如何减少种植对环境的影响，G项“许多大规模种植者已经使用技术来尽量减少对环境的影响。”符合，下文的“They”代指选项中的“Many large-scale growers”，故选G。
【37题详解】
上文“It’s so easy to get overexcited when you see all these incredible plants, and you can end up carrying home huge numbers of them.(当你看到这些令人难以置信的植物时，你很容易过度兴奋，最后你可能会带回家大量的植物。)”提到将大量植物带回家，下文“The more plants you have, the more limited your time and resources become, and plants can suffer.(你拥有的植物越多，你的时间和资源就会变得越有限，植物就会受到伤害)”指出将大量植物带回家所产生的不好结果，即为什么不要将大量植物带回家，由此可知，空处引起下文，和上文是转折关系，也是指出为什么不要将大量植物带回家，A项“但是大量的植物收藏需要大量的工作。”符合，下文对此进行进一步解释，故选A。
【38题详解】
上文“This leads to another issue-many people may end up throwing away their plants which don’t look perfect or stop flowering, in a similar way to the world of fast fashion. (这就引出了另一个问题——许多人可能最终会抛弃那些看起来不完美的植物，或者停止开花，就像快时尚界一样。)”可知，将大量植物带回家的结果是最终会抛弃那些看起来不完美的植物，空处对本段进行总结，告诉我们正确的做法是什么，E项“因此，重要的是评估你的收集且购买你有时间照顾的植物。”故选E。
【39题详解】
上文“If you are ready and able to increase your collection, propagate(繁殖) from your own plants rather than buying more, and share plants with others. (如果你已经准备好并且能够增加你的收藏，那么你要用你自己的植物繁殖更多的植物而不是购买更多，并且与他人分享植物。)”提到要用自己的植物繁殖，并且与他人分享，空处承接上文，指出这么做的好处，C项“这消除了购买植物的需要，鼓励了一种分享文化。”符合，上文中的“share plants with others”呼应选项中的“a sharing culture”，故选C。
【40题详解】
上文“Recycling takes a huge amount of input, which can end up more damaging to the environment, so instead of buying something of lower quality that needs replacing every year, buy fewer things of a higher quality.(回收需要大量的投入，这最终可能对环境造成更大的破坏，所以与其买一些质量较差的东西，每年都需要更换，不如少买一些质量较高的东西。)”指出与其买一些质量较差的东西，每年都需要更换，不如少买一些质量较高的东西，空处承接上文，解释了这么做的原因，D项“这些东西将持续多年，而且从长远来看更具成本效益。”符合，“These”代指上文“buy fewer things of a higher quality”，故选D。
第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was a bright May afternoon along the coast. Bauer and his 13-year-old daughter, Ava, were taking ___41___ of it. They were driving with the windows down as they headed home on a narrow bridge. Suddenly, the calm was ___42___ by the squeal (摩擦声) of tires.
Not far ahead of them, a truck was ___43___ from one lane (车道) to the other. It crashed into a concrete barrier, and ___44___ hanging over the railing (栏杆) of the bridge. Bauer stopped the car ___45___ to avoid it.
The truck driver’s door opened. A man climbed out and ___46___ to the ground. Bauer ran up beside him. He pointed down, saying something in Spanish. In the water was a car seat, a girl, about two years old, ___47___, floating on her back and screaming.
Matters quickly went from bad to frightening when the girl ___48___ onto her stomach. Bauer waited for the driver to do something, but he didn’t. Maybe he was ___49___.
Bauer jumped into the water without _____50_____. He swam to the girl and lifted her out of the water. Standing, he laid her against his shoulder and knocked on her _____51_____ with his e on come on Wake up! _____52_____, her eyes were opened now, focused on him. He pulled her close, hugging her to protect her from the _____53_____. Minutes later, the girl was sent to _____54_____. The girl suffered a broken shoulder but was otherwise uninjured.
Ava Bauer was _____55_____ by her father’ actions that four months later she became a cadet (实习生) firefighter so that she, too, could save lives.
41. A. advantage B. hold C. possession D. charge
42. A. deserted B. ignored C. influenced D. ruined
43. A. sliding B. following C. parking D. approaching
44. A. hid B. waited C. rested D. appeared
45. A. in time B. by chance C. on purpose D. in vain
46. A. dropped B. hurried C. wandered D. returned
47. A. embarrassed B. terrified C. excited D. relaxed
48. A. rolled over B. stood up C. calmed down D. set off
49. A. discouraged B. puzzled C. shocked D. ashamed
50. A. permission B. difficulty C. doubt D. hesitation
51. A. back B. stomach C. head D. chest
52. A. Slowly B. Surprisingly C. Hopelessly D. Immediately
53. A. loneliness B. hunger C. cold D. tiredness
54 A. school B. hospital C. home D. hotel
55. A. relieved B. annoyed C. surprised D. inspired
【答案】41. A 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. A 46. A 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. D 51. A 52. A 53. C 54. B 55. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了鲍尔和女儿回家途中，鲍尔及时避免车祸，还救了因车祸出事的小女孩的故事。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：鲍尔和他13岁的女儿艾娃正在利用这一机会。A. advantage优点；B. hold把手；C. possession占有；D. charge指责。由上文的“It was a bright May afternoon along the coast.(这是一个阳光明媚的五月下午)”可知，父女俩自然要好好利用这样的日子来休闲，take advantage of (利用)。故选A项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，轮胎的摩擦声破坏了平静。A. deserted抛弃；B. ignored忽视；C. influenced影响；D. ruined破坏。由下文的“It crashed into a concrete barrier(它撞上了混凝土护栏)”可知，发生了车祸，可得出是轮胎的摩擦声破坏了平静。故选D项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他们前面不远处，一辆卡车正从一条车道滑到另一条车道。A. sliding滑行；B. following跟随；C. parking停车；D. approaching靠近。由下文的“It crashed into a concrete barrier(它撞上了混凝土护栏)”可知，发生了车祸，车撞上了混凝土护栏，说明这辆卡车从一条车道滑到了另一条车道上。故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它撞上了混凝土护栏，停靠在桥栏杆上。A. hid躲藏；B. waited等待；C. rested停靠；D. appeared出现。由上文的“It crashed into a concrete barrier(它撞上了混凝土护栏)”可知，车撞上了混凝土护栏，车就会停下来，最终停靠在桥栏杆上。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：鲍尔及时停下了车，避开了它。A. in time及时；B. by chance偶然；C. on purpose故意；D. in vain徒劳。由下文的“to avoid it”可知，鲍尔应该是及时停车了，才避免了事故。故选A项。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个人爬了出来，摔倒在地。A. dropped (意外地)落下；B. hurried匆忙；C. wandered漫游；D. returned回来。由上文的“The truck driver’s door opened. A man climbed out(卡车司机的门开了。一个人爬了出来)”可知，车祸司机此时应该很慌乱，打开车门，爬出驾驶室时意外跌落在地。故选A项。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：水里有一个汽车座椅，一个两岁左右的女孩吓坏了，仰面漂浮，尖叫着。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. terrified害怕的；C. excited兴奋的；D. relaxed放松的。由下文的“screaming”可知，小女孩因车祸连人带车坐椅被抛出车外，在水里尖叫着，应该是害怕的。故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当女孩翻过身（俯卧漂在水面）时，事情很快就变得糟糕到可怕。A. rolled over翻转；B. stood up起立；C. calmed down冷静；D. set off出发。由上文的“floating on her back”可知，女孩一开始是仰面漂浮，而鲍尔觉得事情变糟糕了，应该是女孩出现大危险了，可得出应该是女孩翻过身，俯卧漂在水面上了。故选A项。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也许他吓坏了。A. discouraged泄气的；B. puzzled困惑的；C. shocked惊魂未定的；D. ashamed羞愧的。由上文的“Bauer waited for the driver to do something, but he didn’t. (鲍尔等着司机做些什么，但他没有)”可知，女孩处境危险，但司机并未行动，鲍尔推测司机应该是震惊地吓坏了。故选C项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：鲍尔毫不犹豫地跳入水中。A. permission许可；B. difficulty困难；C. doubt怀疑；D. hesitation犹豫。由下文的“He swam to the girl and lifted her out of the water.(他游到女孩身边，把她从水中抬了出来)”可知，鲍尔救了女孩，他应该是毫不犹豫地跳入水中。故选D项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他站着，把她靠在肩膀上，用手敲打她的背部。A. back背部；B. stomach胃部；C. head头；D. chest胸。由上文语境和下文的“Come on come on Wake up! (加油……加油……醒醒)”可知，女孩翻过身，俯卧漂在水面上了，有溺水危险，鲍尔拍女孩背部是想唤醒女孩。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，她的眼睛睁开了，专注于他。A. Slowly慢地；B. Surprisingly惊人地；C. Hopelessly毫无希望地；D. Immediately立即。由上文的“Come on come on Wake up!(加油……加油……醒醒)”可知，鲍尔拍女孩背部试图唤醒女孩，这个过程是缓慢的。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把她拉近，拥抱她以保护她免受寒冷。A. loneliness孤独；B. hunger饥饿；C. cold寒冷；D. tiredness疲倦。由上文语境可知，五月份，女孩因车祸漂在水里，鲍尔怕女孩失温，拥抱她是为了不让她寒冷。故选C项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，女孩被送往医院。A. school学校；B. hospital医院；C. home家；D. hotel旅馆。由下文的“The girl suffered a broken shoulder (这个女孩肩膀骨折)”可知，女孩因车祸受伤了，自然要送往医院。故选B项。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾娃·鲍尔受到了父亲的鼓舞，四个月后，她成为了一名消防学员，这样她也可以挽救生命。A. relieved解脱；B. annoyed恼怒；C. surprised使惊讶；D. inspired鼓舞。由下文的“she became a cadet (实习生) firefighter so that she, too, could save lives(她成为了一名消防学员，这样她也可以挽救生命)”可知，艾娃成为了一位救人的消防学员，是受到了父亲救人事件的鼓舞。故选D项。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不超过三个词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Friday 8 September
Finally, it is Friday! I can’t believe the first week is coming to an end. Things are going well, but there is always something new just around the corner.
At junior high, I took lots of notes during class. So in physics class____56____Monday, I did the same, ____57____the teacher spoke so fast that I couldn’t take everything down. The teacher found I____58____(struggle) with note-taking and told me____59____(stop) and just listen. “Thinking is a more important ability than note-taking and ____60____ (memorize)” he said.
After class on Wednesday, I hurried to the school skateboarding club. I was running out of the classroom____61____I bumped into a girl literally. I said sorry to her and she smiled at me. At the club, I had my first____62____ (try) at skateboarding and ____63____ (fall) off the board a lot. Suddenly, a girl bumped____64____ me—the same girl from the corridor! This time, both of us laughed. Her name is Sarah. We started to practice together _____65_____ soon became friends.
I’m going to watch a film with Sarah tomorrow evening. I’m looking forward to it!
【答案】56. on 57. but
58. was struggling
59. to stop
60. memorizing
61. when 62. try
63. fell 64. into
65. and
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇日记。短文叙述了自己的学校生活。
【56题详解】
考查介词。句意：所以在周一的物理课上，我也做了同样的事，但老师讲得太快了，我没办法把所有的东西都记下来。在星期几用介词on，on Monday“在周一”。故填on。
【57题详解】
考查连词。句意：所以在周一的物理课上，我也做了同样的事，但老师讲得太快了，我没办法把所有的东西都记下来。根据句意可知，前后表示转折关系。故填but。
【58题详解】
考查时态。句意：老师发现我记笔记很费劲，就叫我停下来听。表示过去正在进行的动作，用过去进行时。故填was struggling。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：老师发现我记笔记很费劲，就叫我停下来听。tell sb to do sth“告诉某人做某事”，空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语。故填to stop。
【60题详解】
考查动名词。句意：他说:“思考是比记笔记和记忆更重要的能力。than为介词后接动名词。故填memorizing。
【61题详解】
考查连词。句意：我正从教室里跑出来，突然撞到了一个女孩。be doing sth when“正在做某事，正在那时”。 故填when。
【62题详解】
考查名词。句意：在俱乐部里，我第一次试着玩滑板，经常从滑板上摔下来。had后接名词try作宾语。故填try。
【63题详解】
考查时态。句意：在俱乐部里，我第一次试着玩滑板，经常从滑板上摔下来。and连接的had和fell。表示过去发生的事情用一般过去时。故填fell。
【64题详解】
考查介词。句意：突然，一个女孩撞到了我——就是走廊上那个女孩!。bump into“撞上”为固定短语。故填into。
【65题详解】
考查连词。句意：我们开始一起练习，很快就成了朋友。根据句意可知，前后为并且关系，连词为and。故填and。
第四部分：写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 （满分15分）
66. 假设你是中学生李华，你的朋友Rebeccal给你来信说近期由于饮食问题而身体不适，影响了学习和生活。请你按下面的要求给他写封信，建议他养成良好的饮食习惯。
(1)健康饮食的重要性；
(2)吃健康早餐：远离含脂肪、油、糖多的食物，多吃蔬菜水果；
(3)饮食均衡，有规律。
要求：词数80左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
注意：(1)词数80左右；(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Rebecca,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Rebecca,
I’m sorry to hear that you are not well recently and I advise you should have a healthy eating habit.
Having healthy eating habits will help you have a healthy body and mind, and enjoy a happy life. There are many ways to develop healthy eating habits.
First, you ought to start a day with a healthy breakfast. It will improve your performance at school. Second, you’d better keep away from the food that is rich in fat, oil and sugar, eat more fruit and vegetables and keep a balanced diet. Last, you should eat meals regularly every day.
In a word, healthy eating habits will help keep you active and have a healthy lifestyle.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给朋友Rebeccal写信，建议他养成良好的饮食习惯。
【详解】1.词汇积累
快乐的：happy→joyful
总之：in a word→all in all
健康的：healthy→fit
建议：advise→suggest
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Having healthy eating habits will help you have a healthy body and mind, and enjoy a happy life.
拓展句：It is having healthy eating habits that will help you have a healthy body and mind, and enjoy a happy life.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m sorry to hear that you are not well recently and I advise you should have a healthy eating habit. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Having healthy eating habits will help you have a healthy body and mind, and enjoy a happy life. (运用了动名词作主语)
第二节 （满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Easton retired(退休) as a school teacher, and he didn’t have enough savings. What’s worse, his wife, Cassandra, had heart disease that needed expensive treatment.
To save his wife’s life, Easton didn’t have a choice but to take up a job, and he found one as a pizza delivery(递送) man at Rooster’s Pizza. On his first day on the job, his co-workers judged him because the sight of an 84-year-old pizza delivery man was undoubtedly a rare one. But Easton didn’t care.
After delivering the first two orders that day, Easton was on his way to deliver the third one, when he realized his car was low on gas. He stopped at a gas station, worried he would be late for his next delivery. Determined to make it on time, Easton grabbed the steering wheel and drove as fast as he could. However, as he reached one of the main roads, a police car stopped him.
When Officer Jenkins and Officer Matthew walked up to Easton’s car, they were shocked to see an 84-year-old behind the wheel of a pizzeria car. Moreover, they didn’t expect an old man to be speeding.
“You see,” Easton said nervously, “I am running late for pizza delivery. We have a policy of delivering pizza within 45 minutes, or I’ll have to pay for it out of my pocket, and I need money for my wife’s treatment. I hope you understand…”
Officer Matthew looked at Easton’s teary eyes and trembling hands and felt deeply sad for him. However, he couldn’t go against his line of duty. They had to give him a ticket anyway. Easton was late for the delivery that day, prompting his manager to deduct(扣除) it from his salary. He was also warned that he would have to leave if he repeated the mistake.
Not losing heart, Easton set out for his deliveries the following day. “Rooster’s Pizza!” he shouted as he rang the doorbell of one of the houses on his list.
注意：1. 续写词数应150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When the door opened, Easton recognized his customer was Officer Matthew!
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Easton couldn’t believe what had just happened and was surprised by what Officer Matthew did for him.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
When the door opened, Easton recognized his customer was Officer Matthew! He handed the pizza and was about to leave when Officer Matthew stopped him and approached him with an envelope. “We were able to raise a modest sum for your wife’s treatment, sir. It’s only $2,340，but I’m hoping it’ll help. Last night, I thought about how I was unwilling to give the ticket to you, but that’s our line of duty, sir. I spoke to your boss, and he agreed that your pay wouldn’t be deducted. Take care of your wife, and I appreciate the pizza!” Officer Matthew smiled and went inside.
Easton couldn’t believe what had just happened and was surprised by what Officer Matthew did for him. With trembling hands, he opened the envelope and found several dollar bills and a note that read: “Our duty is to protect and serve, but we are still humans at the end of the day. Have a wonderful day!” His eyes filled with tears, Easton rang the doorbell and thanked Officer Matthew again. Then he got into his car and drove away.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了已经84岁的Easton为了妻子的治疗费用不得不重新工作，而他能做的就是从事披萨配送员的工作。一次配送途中，由于车子就快没油了，而他为了准时送到不被罚钱，他选择超速行驶，最后被开了罚单，配送被延误，受到了老板的警告。第二天的一次配送居然是送到给他开罚单的Matthew家里，原来Matthew他们为他的妻子筹集了资金，并告诉他，作为警察，他们必须履行职责，但作为活生生的人，他们还是具有同理心的。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“When the door opened, Easton recognized his customer was Officer Matthew!(当门打开时，伊斯顿认出他的顾客是警官Matthew!)”可知，该段应描写警官Matthew对Easton所说的话，讲到职业职责和私下里为Easton所作的事情。
②由第二段首句内容“Easton couldn’t believe what had just happened and was surprised by what Officer Matthew did for him.(Easton不敢相信刚刚发生的一切，警官Matthew为他所做的一切让他感到惊讶。)”可知，第二段可描写Easton听到Matthew的话后的感动和接受帮助后的举动。
2.续写线索：送披萨——发现是Matthew警官——Matthew警官讲述如何帮助Easton——Easton的感动——Easton发现信封里的字条——Easton再次当面感谢
3.词汇激活
行为类
①交给/递给：hand/give sth to sb./pass/offer
②靠近/走近：approach/come up to/walk up to
③交谈：speak to/talk to/communicate with/talk with
④充满：be filled with/be full of
情绪类
①不乐意：be unwilling to/ be reluctant to
②惊讶的：surprised/shocked/amazed
【点睛】[高分句型1]. He handed the pizza and was about to leave when Officer Matthew stopped him and approached him with an envelope. （由when引导时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]. I spoke to your boss, and he agreed that your pay wouldn’t be deducted.（由that引导从句作动词“agreed”的宾语从句）
[高分句型3]. His eyes filled with tears, Easton rang the doorbell and thanked Officer Matthew again.（“His eyes filled with tears”为独立主格结构作伴随状语）2023~2024学年第二学期福建省部分学校教学联盟高一年级开学质量监测
英 语 试 卷
（完卷时间：120分钟；满分：150分）
温馨提示：请将所有答案填写到答题卡的相应位置上！请不要错位、越界答题！
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
Where does the man plan to go this year
A. Europe. B. Asia. C. South America.
2.
When will the electricity be on again tonight
A. At 7:00 pm. B. At 9:00 pm. C. At 10:00 pm.
3.
How much did the ice cream cost
A. $5. B. $9. C. $10.
4.
Where will the speakers meet
A. At the station. B. In front of the cinema. C. At the church.
5.
Why has the man come a long way to see the woman
A. To have an interview. B. To ask about a lawyer. C. To register an advertisement.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What does the man think of the woman’s handwriting
A. It is elegant. B. It is messy. C. It is standard.
7. What is the woman writing
A. A scientific paper. B. A shopping list. C. A news report.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What day is it today
A. Wednesday. B. Thursday. C. Friday.
9. What has stopped the woman taking the table by the window
A. It’s already been reserved. B. It’s in the smoking area. C. It costs more.
10. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Try another restaurant. B. Choose an outdoor table. C. Make a reservation another day.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. What are the speakers talking about
A. Benefits of exercise. B. Ways of keeping fit. C. Tips for losing weight.
12. What does the scientific journal say about keeping fit
A. Regular mild physical activity works better.
B. Working out at the gym is the most rewarding.
C. Avoid eating after doing intensive (高强度的) exercise.
13. What does Rashmi do to stay fit
A He works out at the gym. B. He runs in the park. C. He goes cycling.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. What problem does the woman face
A. She can’t turn on her computer. B. She can’t open a document. C. She can’t handle her work.
15. When did the woman’s problem occur
A. Yesterday morning. B. Last night. C. This morning.
16. What does the man ask the woman to do
A. Send him an email. B. Come to his place. C. Give him a call.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What’s the talk mainly about
A. The development of the bicycle.
B The materials of making the bicycle.
C. The process of the bicycle’s becoming popular.
18. What is the disadvantage of the bicycle before MacMillan’s design
A. The bicycle couldn’t change directions.
B. The wheels of the bicycle weren’t well fixeD.
C. The rider’s feet couldn’t leave the grounD.
19. When was the size of the bicycle’s wheels changed
A. In 1817. B. In 1839. C. In 1869.
20. What happened in 1884
A. Bicycles first had rubber tires.
B. The “safety bicycle” appeared.
C. Bicycles could run faster.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Welcome to Holker Hall & Gardens
Visitor Information
How to Get to Holker
By Car: Follow brown signs an A590 from JB6, M6. Approximate travel times: Windermere-20 minutes, Kendal-25 minutes, Lancaster-45 minutes, Manchester-1 hour 30 minutes.
By Rail: The nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth, Lancaster Preston for connections to major cities & airports.
Opening Times
Sunday-Friday (closed on Saturday)11:00 am-4:00pm,30 March-2nd November.
Admission Charges
Hall & Gardens Gardens
Adults: 12.00 8.00
Groups 9 55
Special Events
Producers: Market 13th April
Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.
Holker Garden Festival 30th May
The event celebrate its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in gardening.
National Garden Day 28th August
Holker once again opens is gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide.
Winter Market 8th November
This is an event for all the family. Wander among a variety of shops selling gifs while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.
21. How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester
A. 20 minutes. B. 25 minutes.
C. 45 minutes. D. 90 minutes.
22 How much should a member of a tour group pay to visit to Hall & Cardens
A. 12.00. B. 9.00.
C. 8.0 D. 5.50
23. Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show
A. Producers’ Market. B. Holker Garden Festival.
C. National Garden Day. D. Winter Market.
B
Opening the pages of Liuba Draws Beijing takes you on a fascinating visual journey through the heart of China’s busy capital city. Within its lively watercolors, traditional hutong, the grand Summer Palace, and the contemporary charm of Beijing’s Sanlitun and 798Art District all come alive through the artistic lens of Liuba Vladimirova, more famously known as Liuba Draws.
Vladimirova’s journey from the icy Siberian city of Irkutsk to the vital Beijing started during her college years, when she commenced with an academic exchange program connecting her Russian university with Liaoning University in Shenyang, in Northeast China’s Liaoning Province. It was during this transformative period that she first set foot in Beijing. Since then, her affection for the city has been undeniable.
Vladimirova’s path as an artist was far from linear (直线的). Since childhood Vladimirova has developed a love for drawing and painting. However, she pursued a different academic and professional route, studying Chinese and international trade in college and later working in trade relations between Russia and China, none of which was directly connected to the world of art. Yet, Vladimirova’s inner artist remained alive.
In 2015, Vladimirova began crafting a series of illustrations centered around Beijing, properly named “The Beijing Calendar”. What attracts Vladimirova most is Beijing’s historic hutong. These narrow alleyways, rich in history and culture, serve as a wellspring (源泉) of inspiration for her artistry.
Vladimirova’s ability to catch these hidden small differences likely comes from her unique perspective as an “outsider”—someone who didn’t grow up in Beijing. This fresh perspective allowed her to arrive in the city with fresh eyes and an eager heart, ready to embrace a new culture.
24. What do the underlined words “commenced with” mean in paragraph 2
A. Improved. B. Began. C. Resisted. D. Assessed.
25. What do we know about Vladimirova from paragraph 3
A. She gave up her dream. B. She won many art prizes several years ago.
C. She was hardworking over her childhood. D. She delayed her artistic career.
26. Why does the author mention hutong
A. To praise Beijing’s architecture. B. To show the inspiration of Vladimirova’s art making.
C. To state the main contents of an art book. D. To advise tourists to visit Beijing.
27. Which statement best summarizes Vladimirova’s success
A. Curiosity works wonders. B. Hard work pays off in time.
C. The world is diverse and lively. D. Painting has no national boundaries.
C
Recycling is a great way of doing your bit for the environment and helping to protect the earth’s precious resources. However, a new study has revealed that our desire to be sustainable maybe doing more harm than good. According to waste company Biffa, this is because of “wish-cycling” — assuming that items such as disposable coffee cup sand pizza boxes will be recycled if put in the recycling bin. In fact, pollution from those items or other non-recyclables can result in recyclable items that have been put in the correct bin going to landfill. David Heaton, a business director at Biffa, said: “Pollution happens when items are disposed of in the wrong bins or haven’t been cleaned before being recycled.”
Experts at Biffa analyzed the amounts of non-target and non-recyclable materials that entered UK material recycling facilities between 2016 and 2020. It was found that, in 2016, the average pollution rate of recycling waste was 13.4 percent, rising over four years to 17 percent by the end of 2020. This shows that, even as people are becoming more eco-conscious, wish-cycling is increasing both in households and businesses.
The Biffa experts say that one of the best ways to prevent pollution of recycling is to clean recyclable waste before putting it in the bin. They suggest cutting off the top of old pizza boxes and only recycling that part to avoid pollution from the grease (油脂). Check the on-packaging recycling label to check it can actually be recycled When it comes to plastics, Biffa recommends checking the resin code, the number in the plastic triangle, to know whether it should go in the recycling bin. In general, resin codes 1, 2, 4 and 5 are recyclable, while 3, 6 and 7 are not. Larger items, like electronics, furniture and batteries, can also be recycled but often can not go in household recycling bins as they need specialist separating. These will need to be taken to recycling centers or sustainable waste management companies.
“It’s vital as a nation that we get better at effective ‘pre-cycling’— sorting waste correctly before collection to reduce pollution rates,” added Mr. Heaton.
28. What’s the truth of “wish-cycling” according to the first paragraph
A. The desire to lead a sustainable life.
B. The good intention to help recycling.
C The habit of throwing items that end up in landfills.
D. The practice of recycling items that can not be recycled.
29. What has experts at Biffa concluded after their analysis
A. People are becoming more eco-conscious.
B. Wish-cycling is on the rise in recent years.
C. Pollution happens less frequently in recycling facilities.
D. People are used to cleaning recyclable waste before putting it in the bin.
30. Which of the following is a proper way of recycling
A. Dispose of electronics together with household waste.
B. Skip the step of checking the on-packaging recycling label.
C. Check the resin code of plastics to see whether it is recyclable or not.
D. Cutoff the top of old pizza box and throw the rest to the recycling bin.
31. Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. Recycling: a Big Project B. Wish-cycling: a New Trend
C. Wish-cycling: a Growing Concern D. Pre-cycling: an Effective Method
D
In his 1936 work How to Win Friends and Influence People, Dale Carnegie wrote: “I have come to the conclusion that there is only one way to get the best of an argument — and that is to avoid it.” This distaste for arguments is common, but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes problems for our personal and social lives — and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place.
Carnegie would be right if arguments were fights, which is how we often think of them. Like physical fights, verbal (言语的) fights can leave both sides bloodied. Even when you win, you end up no better off. You would be feeling almost as bad if arguments were even just competitions — like, say, tennis tournaments. Pairs of opponents hit the ball back and forth until one winner comes out from all who entered. Everybody else loses. This kind of thinking explains why so many people try to avoid arguments.
However, there are ways to win an argument every time. When you state your position, formulate (阐述) an argument for what you claim and honestly ask yourself whether your argument is any good. When you talk with someone who takes a stand, ask them to give you a reason for their view and spell out their argument fully. Assess its strength and weakness. Raise objections (异议) and listen carefully to their replies. This method will require effort, but practice will make you better at it.
These tools can help you win every argument — not in the unhelpful sense of beating your opponents but in the better sense of learning about what divides people, learning why they disagree with us and learning to talk and work together with them. If we readjust our view of arguments — from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain respect and understanding from each other — then we change the very nature of what it means to “win” an argument.
32. What is the author’s attitude toward Carnegie’s understanding of argument
A. Critical. B. Supportive. C. Tolerant. D. Uncertain.
33. Why do many people try to avoid arguments
A. They lack debating skills. B. They may feel bad even if they win.
C. They fear being ignored. D. They are not confident in themselves.
34. What does the underlined phrase “spell out” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Defend. B. Explain. C. Conclude. D. Repeat.
35. What is the key to “winning” an argument according to the author
A. Sense of logic. B. Solid supporting evidence.
C. Proper manners. D. Understanding from both sides.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Growing plants is often seen as a very “green” thing to do, but like many products, they take a huge amount of energy to produce.____36____For example, they use geothermal(地热的) energy to heat greenhouses and solar power to supply electricity and lighting. While domestic growing doesn’t involve the same carbon footprint as commercial growing, it’s important to consider what we can all do to minimize our own impact while still enjoying growing plants.
Over-consumption of plants is a big issue. It’s so easy to get overexcited when you see all these incredible plants, and you can end up carrying home huge numbers of them.____37____ The more plants you have, the more limited your time and resources become, and plants can suffer. This leads to another issue-many people may end up throwing away their plants which don’t look perfect or stop flowering, in a similar way to the world of fast fashion. ____38____.
If you are ready and able to increase your collection, propagate(繁殖) from your own plants rather than buying more, and share plants with others. ____39____Meanwhile, we can build a community of like-minded, passionate plant people.
Recycling takes a huge amount of input, which can end up more damaging to the environment, so instead of buying something of lower quality that needs replacing every year, buy fewer things of a higher quality. ____40____And they can be passed down the generations.
A. But large collections call for an enormous amount of work.
B. Many commercial growers continue to market their produce.
C. This removes the need to buy plants and encourages a sharing culture.
D. These will last many years and be more cost-effective in the long term.
E. So it’s important to assess your collection and buy plants you have time to look after.
F. Throwing them away will greatly reduce your gardening footprint on the environment.
G. Many large-scale growers have used technology to minimize their impact on the environment.
第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was a bright May afternoon along the coast. Bauer and his 13-year-old daughter, Ava, were taking ___41___ of it. They were driving with the windows down as they headed home on a narrow bridge. Suddenly, the calm was ___42___ by the squeal (摩擦声) of tires.
Not far ahead of them, a truck was ___43___ from one lane (车道) to the other. It crashed into a concrete barrier, and ___44___ hanging over the railing (栏杆) of the bridge. Bauer stopped the car ___45___ to avoid it.
The truck driver’s door opened. A man climbed out and ___46___ to the ground. Bauer ran up beside him. He pointed down, saying something in Spanish. In the water was a car seat, a girl, about two years old, ___47___, floating on her back and screaming.
Matters quickly went from bad to frightening when the girl ___48___ onto her stomach. Bauer waited for the driver to do something, but he didn’t. Maybe he was ___49___.
Bauer jumped into the water without _____50_____. He swam to the girl and lifted her out of the water. Standing, he laid her against his shoulder and knocked on her _____51_____ with his e on come on Wake up! _____52_____, her eyes were opened now, focused on him. He pulled her close, hugging her to protect her from the _____53_____. Minutes later, the girl was sent to _____54_____. The girl suffered a broken shoulder but was otherwise uninjured.
Ava Bauer was _____55_____ by her father’ actions that four months later she became a cadet (实习生) firefighter so that she, too, could save lives.
41. A. advantage B. hold C. possession D. charge
42. A. deserted B. ignored C. influenced D. ruined
43. A. sliding B. following C. parking D. approaching
44. A. hid B. waited C. rested D. appeared
45. A. in time B. by chance C. on purpose D. in vain
46. A. dropped B. hurried C. wandered D. returned
47. A. embarrassed B. terrified C. excited D. relaxed
48. A. rolled over B. stood up C. calmed down D. set off
49. A. discouraged B. puzzled C. shocked D. ashamed
50. A. permission B. difficulty C. doubt D. hesitation
51. A. back B. stomach C. head D. chest
52. A. Slowly B. Surprisingly C. Hopelessly D. Immediately
53. A. loneliness B. hunger C. cold D. tiredness
54. A. school B. hospital C. home D. hotel
55. A. relieved B. annoyed C. surprised D. inspired
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不超过三个词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Friday 8 September
Finally, it is Friday! I can’t believe the first week is coming to an end. Things are going well, but there is always something new just around the corner.
At junior high, I took lots of notes during class. So in physics class____56____Monday, I did the same, ____57____the teacher spoke so fast that I couldn’t take everything down. The teacher found I____58____(struggle) with note-taking and told me____59____(stop) and just listen. “Thinking is a more important ability than note-taking and ____60____ (memorize)” he said.
After class on Wednesday, I hurried to the school skateboarding club. I was running out of the classroom____61____I bumped into a girl literally. I said sorry to her and she smiled at me. At the club, I had my first____62____ (try) at skateboarding and ____63____ (fall) off the board a lot. Suddenly, a girl bumped____64____ me—the same girl from the corridor! This time, both of us laughed. Her name is Sarah. We started to practice together _____65_____ soon became friends.
I’m going to watch a film with Sarah tomorrow evening. I’m looking forward to it!
第四部分：写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 （满分15分）
66. 假设你是中学生李华，你的朋友Rebeccal给你来信说近期由于饮食问题而身体不适，影响了学习和生活。请你按下面的要求给他写封信，建议他养成良好的饮食习惯。
(1)健康饮食的重要性；
(2)吃健康早餐：远离含脂肪、油、糖多的食物，多吃蔬菜水果；
(3)饮食均衡，有规律。
要求：词数80左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
注意：(1)词数80左右；(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Rebecca,
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Yours
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Easton retired(退休) as a school teacher, and he didn’t have enough savings. What’s worse, his wife, Cassandra, had heart disease that needed expensive treatment.
To save his wife’s life, Easton didn’t have a choice but to take up a job, and he found one as a pizza delivery(递送) man at Rooster’s Pizza. On his first day on the job, his co-workers judged him because the sight of an 84-year-old pizza delivery man was undoubtedly a rare one. But Easton didn’t care.
After delivering the first two orders that day, Easton was on his way to deliver the third one, when he realized his car was low on gas. He stopped at a gas station, worried he would be late for his next delivery. Determined to make it on time, Easton grabbed the steering wheel and drove as fast as he could. However, as he reached one of the main roads, a police car stopped him.
When Officer Jenkins and Officer Matthew walked up to Easton’s car, they were shocked to see an 84-year-old behind the wheel of a pizzeria car. Moreover, they didn’t expect an old man to be speeding.
“You see,” Easton said nervously, “I am running late for pizza delivery. We have a policy of delivering pizza within 45 minutes, or I’ll have to pay for it out of my pocket, and I need money for my wife’s treatment. I hope you understand…”
Officer Matthew looked at Easton’s teary eyes and trembling hands and felt deeply sad for him. However, he couldn’t go against his line of duty. They had to give him a ticket anyway. Easton was late for the delivery that day, prompting his manager to deduct(扣除) it from his salary. He was also warned that he would have to leave if he repeated the mistake.
Not losing heart, Easton set out for his deliveries the following day. “Rooster’s Pizza!” he shouted as he rang the doorbell of one of the houses on his list.
注意：1. 续写词数应150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When the door opened, Easton recognized his customer was Officer Matthew!
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Easton couldn’t believe what had just happened and was surprised by what Officer Matthew did for him.
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