福建省部分市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题汇编：阅读理解（含解析）

福建省部分市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题分类汇编
阅读理解
福建省泉州市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末质检英语试题（含解析）
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Weddings are one of life’s biggest celebrations, and they are observed in just about every country and culture on the planet. Here are some wedding traditions from around the world.
Scotland
Scottish weddings usually feature the handfasting ceremony. During the ceremony, the bride (新娘) and bridegroom each hold a piece of cloth. These are carefully wound around the couple’s joined hands. When they pull their hands apart, the pieces become tied into a knot (结) — a symbol of the new union.
Germany
Guests at a German wedding get to see an interesting sight: the newly married couple — still dressed in their suit and wedding dress — cutting a length of a tree in half with a two-person saw (锯). In this way, they show their ability to work as a team to face any challenge they will meet in life.
Norway
A Norwegian wedding cake is made up of progressively smaller layers of iced cake rings which give the cake the shape of Christmas tree. The inside is empty and has gifts or even a bottle of wine. The bride and g room lift the top ring of the cake, and the number of layers that stick to it is said to represent the number of children they will have!
England
Brides in England typically wear “something old, something new, something borrowed, and something blue” for their big day. The modern practice comes from a traditional English song, and the things themselves represent protection, cheerfulness, good luck, and purity, respectively.
Though the customs might vary, the feeling remains the same. Across the world, weddings are times to celebrate love, happiness, and family.
21. Why is a two-person saw used in the German wedding
A. To entertain the wedding guests. B. To mark the couple’s united efforts.
C. To represent the upcoming challenges. D. To keep the couple from hurting each other.
22. In which wedding do brides wear different things to represent different wishes
A. The Scottish wedding. B. The German wedding.
C. The Norwegian wedding. D. The English wedding.
23. What does the text show about wedding
A. Rules to follow. B. Special customs.
C. Ways to treat guests. D. Cultural backgrounds.
B
Ellen Ochoa’s life journey offers an outstanding example of how invention can lead to adventure. She first worked as a creative engineer and went on to become the world’s first Hispanic female astronaut.
Ochoa graduated from San Diego State University in 1980 with a degree in Physics. Mindful of her mother’s stress on the importance of education, she entered graduate school at Stanford University. When Neil Armstrong had first walked on the moon, Ochoa was 11 years old. It never would have hit her then that she too might someday become an astronaut. However, in 1983, when Ochoa was on the way to earning her PhD in Electrical Engineering, Sally Ride became the first female U. S. astronaut. This gave Ochoa the encouragement to aim high. Upon graduation, she applied to NASA to become an astronaut herself.
At Stanford, Ochoa specialized in designing optical (光学) systems that study the objects that they “see”. After graduating, she continued this work at Sandia National Laboratory in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Sandia’s work for NASA includes developing optical, computerized recordings and models of events and phenomena (现象) in space. In time, Ochoa became the co-inventor of three optical devices. Later, working at NASA’s Ames Research Center, Ochoa branched off into developing computer systems designed for space exploration. Here she also managed a team of 35 scientists.
Ochoa’s excellence in optics and computer hardware had caught NASA’s attention. In 1990, NASA accepted her into its astronaut training program, and in July 1991, Ochoa became an official U. S. astronaut. Less than two years later, Ochoa flew as a Mission Specialist on a Discovery Space Shuttle Mission.
Ellen Ochoa has won numerous awards for her success as an engineer, an astronaut, and a role model– not just for Hispanic or female ambitious scientists, but for anyone who believes that excellence will finally find its recognition and reward.
24. What inspired Ochoa to have a higher ambition in 1983
A. Her graduation from San Diego State University.
B. Her mother’s stress on further education.
C. Neil Armstrong’s life experience.
D. Sally Ride’s example.
25. What did Ochoa co-invent before becoming an astronaut
A. Optical systems to see the moon. B. Computerized models used in space.
C. Three optical devices. D. Computer systems for management.
26. When was Ochoa’s first visit to space
A. In 1980. B. In 1983. C. In 1991. D. In 1993.
27. What can be learnt through Ochoa’s experiences
A. Creativity starts with an idea.
B. Courage is knowing what not to fear.
C. Follow excellence, and success will come to you.
D. Understand your limitations, and you can remove them.
C
When you’re bored, what do you do The answer is a no-brainer: you reach for your phone. Five minutes of doggy pictures can seem like the perfect break. But a new unpublished study has bad news. Reaching for your phone is likely to leave you feeling more bored.
To figure out the relationship between phones and boredom, the research team set up an app on the phones of 83 volunteers to keep an eye on how often they used their devices. They also asked these volunteers to keep detailed diaries at work, recording their level of tiredness and boredom.
The researchers’ first discovery was no shocker. We’re on our phones a lot. Phone breaks were very frequent: in the 20 minutes following each questionnaire, volunteers picked up their phone 52percent of the time, spending an average of around 90 seconds on it each time. Equally unsurprising was the second finding: the more tired we are, the more likely we are to reach for our phones. The real kicker was the final finding. While we look to our phones to relieve our tiredness and boredom, screen time actually seemed to increase feelings of boredom.
The research team thought about the different reasons why this might be so. Shifting from work to your phone and back again may end up being more tiring in mind than it is stimulating (提神的). In other words, that baby goat video was nice, but not worth the cost to your brain in effort and concentration. Besides, picking up your phone might just serve as a reminder of all the fun and interesting things out there you could be doing if you didn’t have to fill out paperwork.
This one small study can’t clearly say if either of these explanations is right, but the basic takeaway is pretty clear: A quick look at your phone is going to make your brain feel even more fried. If so, what to do instead
28. Why did the research team set up an app on the volunteers’ phones
A. To ensure their rest time. B. To remove their boredom.
C. To track their phone usage. D. To record their tiredness.
29. What do the underlined words “the real kicker” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A. The most unexpected. B. The most advanced.
C. The most frequent. D. The most relieving.
30. The baby goat video is mentioned in paragraph 4 to show ________.
A. phones can be tiring B. phones can be inspiring
C. phones can function as a reminder D. phones can benefit our paperwork
31. What might the author continue talking about
A. Why screen time is harmful. B. How to take a better break.
C. Recommended online activities. D. Studies on phone addiction.
D
For long, Preifer Fall Trail (路线) was a most popular attraction in Big Sur. Annually, thousands of people hiked the trail. Unfortunately, the trail, along with stairs, signs, railings, an observation station and wooden bridges, was destroyed in the 2008 Basin Complex Fire. But now a new trail has risen from the burned land.
With its amazing rocky coastline and mountains, Big Sur, the writer Henry Miller once said, is “the face of the earth as the creator intended it to look.” But the landscape always suffers natural disasters. There have been three major wildfires in Big Sur in the past years. “You can still see the impacts there,” said John Hiles, a state parks repair team leader, pointing to black marks 30 feet up a huge redwood.
Parks planners designed a new track, moving the trail out of the river to reduce its impact on the environment. People from the California protection group, state parks department and the nonprofit organization put in 66,000 hours of work over the past four years. They built 160 redwood stairs and dragged hundreds of 16-foot-long redwood sticks by hand to build railings. They removed 4,150 square feet of old building stuff, enough to cover a basketball court. They used iron cables and pulleys (缆线和滑轮) to build a 70-foot long wooden bridge over the hills. “Nature is probably the best place to learn,” Hiles said. “More than any college or school, you learn so many life lessons out here.”
However, the huge Soberanes Fire s wept through the area in 2016, putting a stop to the work. When they began again in 2017, great river storms flooded the area and damaged part of Highway 1. Everybody gathered around this project. They saw the loss. They missed it. They wanted it to come back. They kept combining efforts. It’s been a long journey, but worth the wait.
32. What can we learn about Preifer Fall Trail
A. It is an attraction rebuilt in 2008. B. It met with many natural disasters.
C. It features man-made landscape. D. It is an addition to a previous track.
33. How did the people reduce the impact of the trail on the environment
A. By moving the trail off watercourse. B. By using huge redwood sticks.
C. By recycling the old building stuff. D. By applying iron cables and pulleys.
34. What can best describe the people’s work
A. Limiting and typical. B. Adventurous but smooth.
C. Mysterious and attractive. D. Tough but rewarding.
35. What is the text mainly about
A. The rise and fall of a hiking trail. B. California protection projects.
C. The recovery of a lost attraction. D. Journeys into wilderness.
福建省福州市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末质量检测英语试题（含解析）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
From beehives (蜂箱) on rooftops to mini-forests, creative ideas are bringing nature into cities, all around the world. Here are some examples.
Liverpool, England
A living wall is how Liverpool has made room for nature in its busy city center. Built in 2020, Liverpool’s living wall has been planted with 14,000 evergreens to help trap some of the pollution produced by the city’s nearby bus station. In 2021, another measure was taken. Two rooftop beehives were fixed for 40,000 bees to live in. There has been a great increase in the bee population and improvement of the community’s ecology (生态) in the following years.
Singapore, Southeast Asia
Singapore is determined to be “a city in nature”. In February 2021 the city-state announced its “Green Plan 2030” — to make the city as continual and nature-inclusive as possible. Singapore already has over 400 parks and four nature reserves and by 2026 this will increase to 300 hectares (公顷). They promise by 2030 no family should be more than a ten-minute walk from a green space.
Seoul, South Korea and Izmir, Turkey
In South Korea, Seoul has planted a forest to lower city temperatures by 3 to 7℃. The Turkish city of Izmir is hoping to reduce pollution with the Mavisehir Peynircioglu Stream Ecological Corridor (河流生态走廊),
Curitiba, Brazil
Curitiba, Brazil, has been working towards an eco-friendly model since the 1970s and city planners made the well-being of people their main concern. In the face of an increasing population, adding natural relaxation spaces and encouraging recycling practices has become a key part of city planning. The government’s forestation plan has seen the planting of many trees in public areas. Ten “mini-forests” have also been established, making use of smaller areas where larger plantations are impossible.
1. What is the purpose of a living wall
A. To reduce pollution. B. To fix beehives.
C. To trap bee population. D. To plant evergreens.
2. What does Singapore promise by 2030
A. Increased space for parks. B. Easier reach of green areas.
C. Continual growth of the city. D. Greater area of nature reserves.
3. Which of the following succeeds in greening smaller spaces
A. Singapore. B. Curitiba. C. Seoul. D. Izmir.
4. What is the shared goal of these projects
A. To reduce local pollution. B. To provide relaxation spaces.
C. To lower city temperatures. D. To improve living environment.
5. Which is the best title of the text
A. Creative Ideas: Working Together B. Promises Coming True
C. Nature Reserves: More Coming D. Cities Turning Green
B
On holiday, many will find themselves in places where they do not speak the language. Once upon a time, they might have carried a phrasebook. But now, many simple, free apps are good news for those travelers. With these apps’ conversation mode, people talk into a phone and a spoken translation is heard moments later. Maybe the best-known app is Google Translate, though small mistakes can happen due to its word-for-word translation.
Surprisingly, the best tool may not be a translation app at all. Though not marketed for that, ChatGPT, a generative AI system, can write messages in different languages, producing natural output like a native speaker.
As AI translation becomes an even more popular labour-saving tool society may divide into two groups. There will be those who want to fully experience other cultures. This group will still take on language study, often aided by technology. Others will look at learning a new language with a different attitude: “Good for you, if that’s your thing, but a bit painful for my taste.” After all, most people do not move abroad or often have contact with a foreign culture. On their holiday, they just want a beer and spaghetti (意大利面).
As a result, some experts are concerned that AI is leading to a decreasing interest in language learning. Writer Douglas Hofstadter has argued that something meaningful will disappear when people communicate through machines. He describes giving a disconnected, difficult speech in Chinese, which required a lot of work but offered a sense of achievement at the end. Who would boast of (吹嘘) taking a helicopter to the top of Mount Everest (珠穆朗玛峰)
While AI translation seems practical, we must recognize the social nature of language. When trying to ask directions in broken Japanese or make a joke in awkward German, you are making direct contact with someone. The best relationships do not require a third party.
6. Which of the following best describes translation apps
A. Free but hard to use. B. Popular but expensive.
C. Quick but with mistakes. D. Easy to use but slow.
7. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Conversation. B. Language learning. C. Message writing. D. Translation.
8. Why does the writer mention “beer and spaghetti” in paragraph 3
A. To present an opinion. B. To support a fact. C. To make an excuse. D. To give a reason.
9. What can be inferred from Douglas Hofstadter’s opinion
A. Reaching Mount Everest is quite easy.
B. Learning a foreign language is less attractive.
C. Talking without the help of technology is worthwhile.
D. Making a speech in another language is too challenging.
10. What is the social nature of language
A. Direct connection with people. B. Broken but funny translation.
C. Awkward relations between people. D. Communication with the third party.
C
Skill of copying and moving images onto paper is an art form shining in history, Zhao Xu reports. Rubbing, the tracing (描摹) of characters onto a piece of paper, reached its golden age during the Song Dynasty (960-1279).
To do this, a thin piece of paper was placed over the surface of the stone tablet (石板) carved with characters. Then water, or later, ink, was applied smoothly to the back of the paper with just the right amount of pressure, to soften the paper and allow for a total moving of the details onto it. The paper was left to dry and then be lifted off the stone surface, carrying with it a copy of the original (原作).
Repeated hundreds of thousands of times during the Song era, this hands-on skill enabled educated members of Song society to have a chance to learn from master calligraphic works either from their own times or from earlier dynasties. Oftentimes, the original calligraphy, or even its stone version, became lost over time, thus making the rubbings the only surviving copy of the masterworks that had once existed. In that sense, the Song rubbings, and those behind them; have helped to preserve a cultural relic much valued then and now.
Now, art lovers have the chance to visit it at an exhibition (展览) held at Beijing’s Palace Museum themed the Song rubbings. Of the 40 pieces on show, 20 are drawn from the collection of the Palace Museum, which holds a total of 150 Song rubbings. The other half are lent for the first time by the Art Museum of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), whose collection of rubbings were donated by J. S. Lee.
“What we have here is not just a showcase of the beauty of ink and paper, the art of calligraphy, carving and rubbing, but also the telling of stories shining in cultural pride and common spirit,” said Wang Xudong, director of the Palace Museum.
11. What do we know about rubbing
A. There were five steps to make a rubbing. B. It moved characters from paper to a stone.
C. It was well developed in the Song Dynasty. D. Pressure was applied to the paper to smooth it.
12. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. The development of rubbing. B. The importance of rubbing.
C. The process of rubbing. D. The loss of rubbing.
13. What does paragraph 4 suggest
A. Altogether there are 150 rubbings on show.
B. Twenty of the rubbings were donated by CUHK.
C. Sources of the exhibits are from two organizations.
D. 190 Song rubbings are housed in the Palace Museum now.
14. How does Wang Xudong feel about the exhibition
A. Proud. B. Shocked. C. Thankful. D. Worried.
15. Where is the text most probably taken from
A. A research paper. B. A brochure.
C. A guidebook to a museum. D. A section of a newspaper.
福建省漳州市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末质量检测英语试题（含解析）
第一节(共11小题;每小题2.5分，满分27.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Place an Advertisement or a Legal Notice in Los Angeles Times
Some moments and milestones need to be shared Place a legal notice, advertise your services, or sell your goods in the award-winning newspaper. No need to be an expert. There’s no responsibility to create an account or provide a credit card until you are ready to check out on our site.
3 Easy Steps
1. Go through Our Choices. Having trouble finding the right choice We’ll guide you.
2. Design & Schedule Your Ad or Notice. Customize your notice and get real-time price updates (更新).
3. Check Out. Once you check out, you can continue to edit your order until the deadline (最后期限).
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What product or package should I choose
The Los Angeles Times offers dozens of advertising choices. The simplest way to find the right one for you is to visit our Ad Options page, and use the left hand navigation (导航).
2. What if I can’t find the type of advertisement that I want to place on the Self-Service site
Please contact us to see if we can find the right choice for you. Our inside sales team can be reached at 1-800-LATIMES, ext. 72769.
3 How far in advance do I need to hand in my advertisement in order for it to run
You can find the specific deadlines for the product you’re interested in, by visiting the More Info page for that specific product.
4. Do I need to create an account
Yes, in order for us to schedule your advertisement and charge (收费) you for it, we need you to create an account. But feel free to go through our products and design your advertisement without registering. If you need more information regarding our Privacy Policy, please click here.
1. What can we know about placing an advertisement or a legal notice in Los Angeles Times
A. You can enjoy the lowest price ever.
B. You can edit it whenever you like.
C. You don’t need to put in much effort.
D. You don’t need to create an account.
2. What can one do if he isn’t sure when to hand in his advertisement
A. Visit the More Info page. B. Contact the inside sales team.
C. Search the Privacy Policy page. D. Use the navigation on the Ad Options page.
3. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A newspaper. B. A website. C. A magazine. D. A guidebook.
B
Once upon a time, there was a small village in the center of a big forest. All the villagers were used to their robotic farm work and none of them had the imagination or the will (意愿) to try something new, except for one girl named Jo. Very few could read or write, and Jo was one of them.
One afternoon, when Jo was on one of her explorations in the forest, she came upon an abandoned cottage (废弃小屋). Though she’d been warned to stay away from abandoned places, her curiosity got the best of her. She slid in and was amazed to find a room full of books! Jo’s excitement was huge when she realized she had found a hidden treasure.
She ran to tell the villagers everything, thinking that they would share her excitement but instead, she heard roars of laughter! Jo was confused by this reaction (反应) and a little hurt too, but she did not give up on her books.
She came to the cottage every day and got down to reading the books. For her, each page was an adventure with characters who challenged difficulties with their determination and who struggled for good. Knowing the power of stories in impressing on people the values of life, she decided to share the stories with the villagers, though she knew it would be a difficult journey. Making this her mission (使命), Jo started telling stories every day at her cottage.
In the beginning, only a few came to the readings. But word spread rapidly, causing more and more people to come, some of whom even traveled from far away to just listen to her stories. She also conducted workshops in which she taught people how to read and write. She was remembered and lived in her stories even after she was long gone.
4. What do the underlined words “got the best of” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Prevented. B. Frightened. C. Cheated. D. Beat.
5. Why did the villagers laugh when Jo told them her discovery
A. They already knew it. B. They thought nothing of it.
C. It was related to something fun. D. It was all Jo’s imagination.
6. Which of the following best describe Jo
A. Caring but confusing. B. Honest and helpful.
C. Adventurous but careless. D. Determined and influential.
7. What is a suitable title for the text
A. The Discovery of a Hidden Treasure
B. Jo’s Journey: from Adventure to Education
C. The Power of Stories in Challenging Difficulties
D. Jo’s Adventure: Unearthing an Abandoned Cottage
C
“Hallucinate” — the Word of 2023
Cambridge Dictionary has named “hallucinate” as the word of the year for 2023 — while giving it an added new meaning relating to AI (artificial intelligence) technology.
The added Cambridge Dictionary definition (定义) reads: “When an AI hallucinates, it produces false information, which can vary (变化) from suggestions that seem perfectly believable to ones that are clearly non-sense.”
Wendalyn Nichols, Cambridge Dictionary’s publishing manager, said: “The fact that AIs can ‘hallucinate’ reminds us that humans still need to bring their critical (批判的) thinking skills to the use of these tools. AIs can draw out specific information we need from huge amounts and piece it together. That’s amazing. But they just stop there. The more original (原创的) you ask them to be, the likelier they are to go wrong.”
Actually, at their best, AIs can only be as dependable as their training information. Humans’ professional knowledge is more important than ever, to create the truthful and up-to-date information that AIs can be trained on.
AIs can hallucinate in a confident and thus more misleading manner. Their influences have been shown in real-world examples. In Google’s advertisement for its chatbot Bard, the AI tool made an error about the James Webb Space Telescope. A US law company used cases made up by AIs in court after using ChatGPT for legal research.
“The widespread use of the word ‘hallucinate’ to refer to mistakes by AIs offers us a quick look at how we’re treating them as our equals,” said Dr Henry, an AI ethicist at Cambridge University. “‘Hallucinate’ is originally a verb suggesting someone experiencing a disconnect from reality,” he continued. “It mirrors an unnoticeable change in perception (认知): the AI, not the user, is the one ‘hallucinating’”. It seems that as time progresses, psychological vocabulary will be further enlarged to describe the strange abilities of the new intelligences we’re creating.
8. What can be learned about the false information AIs produce
A. It doesn’t make any sense to us. B. We didn’t know about it until 2023.
C. It happens because of AIs’ limitation. D. We invented a new word to describe it.
9. What may be the key to training AIs
A. The information they’re offered. B. The way they’re trained in.
C. The human experts they work with. D. The thinking skills they use.
10. Why does the author mention Google’s advertisement in paragraph 5
A. To introduce a new topic. B. To prove an established fact.
C. To compare the effects AIs produce. D. To list AIs’ different applications.
11. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. The proper way to treat AIs.
B. People’s understanding of AIs.
C. Comments on the new use of “hallucinate”.
D. The change in the meaning of “hallucinate”.
福建省宁德市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末质量检测英语试题（含解析）
第一节(共11小题;每小题2. 5分，共27. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
A
Some new museums are opening around the world. Here are four of them.
Maison Gainsbourg, Paris
The Parisian townhouse where the French singer Serge Gainsbourg lived has been closed off to the public since his death in 1991. This spring, though, it’ll finally open as a museum focusing on his life and work. The project has been led by his daughter and the main attraction will surely be Serge’s living area, with his piano and a huge collection of paintings.
National Museum of Norway, Oslo
This year, the National Museum of Norway will open in Oslo, becoming the largest museum in the Nordic countries. The museum collection includes 100, 000 objects, including the Norwegian Baldishol tapestry (挂毯) and a collection of Golden Age Flemish landscapes.
Art Gallery of New South Wales, Sydney
The rebuilding of the Art Gallery of New South Wales has cost a cool $177 million. Visitors enter via a huge glass wall, which hangs above a pair of oil tanks from the Second World War period. Torres Strait Islands’ artists’ artworks enjoy priority (优先权) in the new spaces.
Museum of Art & Photography, Bengaluru
Opening towards the end of the year, this new gallery in India was founded by businessman Abhishek Poddar. He’s known for his collection of art and photos and more than 18, 000 of his own pieces will be on show here. What’s more, the museum is going to have digital exhibits on its website, so you can get your culture enjoyment far away.
1. What do we know about Maison Gainsbourg
A. It exhibits paintings by Serge. B. It is open to the end of the year.
C. It focuses on musical instruments. D. It used to be a singer’s house.
2. What can you see if you go to the new museum in Sydney
A. The Norwegian Baldishol tapestry. B. A huge glass wall from the Second World War.
C. Works of Torres Strait Islands’ artists. D. Abhishek Poddar’s collection.
3. Where is this text probably from
A. A science report. B. A literature review.
C. A travel magazine. D. A research paper.
B
The 61-year-old potato farmer Cliff Young won the 1983 Westfield Sydney-Melbourne Ultramarathon, which took runners days to finish, in Australia.
When Cliff showed up in the race, he stuck out like a sore thumb in his everyday clothes different from the other professional runners’, quickly attracting the attention of reporters present.
“I grew up on a farm where we couldn’t afford horses. Whenever the storms would roll in, I’d have to go out and round up the sheep,” Cliff told reporters. “Sometimes I’d have to run those sheep for two or three days, but I’d always catch them. I believe I can run this race.” No one actually believed him. Most competitors were in their 20s and early 30s, with years of training and marathon experience.
On the first day of the race, Cliff was left far behind. But he had one advantage that no one had expected. He didn’t plan on stopping until he reached the finish line while all the others had been training to run for 18 hours a day and then stop and sleep for the other six.
When dawn broke, the other runners were shocked to learn that the old farmer was in the lead and that they would have to catch up with him. Although running slowly, he was the first to cross the finish line and received $10,000 as a prize. But he kept none of the prize and donated it to the homeless.
Cliff continued to run. In 1997, he set out to raise funds for homeless kids by running all 16, 000 kilometers of the Australian coastline. In 2000, Cliff achieved a world age record in a six-day race in Victoria. Cliff Young died at 81, but his legend lives on.
4. What does the underlined part in paragraph 2 mean
A. He had a special thumb. B. He suffered a hand injury.
C. He seemed nervous. D. He was very noticeable.
5. What was people’s attitude toward Cliff’s confidence
A. Disappointed. B. Respectful. C. Doubtful. D. Curious.
6. What did Cliff Young do with the race
A. He saved his energy at first. B. He received good training.
C. He sped up in the last two days. D. He continuously ran without sleep.
7. What keeps Cliff Young’s legend on
A. Imagination and generosity. B. Dream and devotion.
C. Determination and kindness. D. Willingness and wisdom.
C
You might have heard the theory that a meteor (a huge rock from space) destroyed most life on Earth, including many dinosaurs, 66 million years ago. However, scientists have come up with a reason why this caused so many species to go extinct.
Earlier, scientists had argued that the meteor strike caused wildfires, earthquakes and tsunamis, which destroyed habitats all over the planet and made it impossible for many creatures to survive. However, the new report suggests that more attention should be given to another effect of the meteor — the trillions of tons of dust that were sent flying into the air.
This dust would have gone around in dark clouds, blocking out (封锁) the Sun and causing temperatures around the world to drop sharply. Plants, which need sunlight to live and grow, would have died, leaving animals that eat plants without food. When they died, animals that eat other animals would have had no food either. This led to the extinction of 75% of species on Earth, including most dinosaurs — although the ones that survived later became birds.
The researchers tested their theory by running computer simulations (模拟) of the effect of the meteor strike. These simulations took into consideration real measurements of dust caused by the meteor effect, taken from a site in North Dakota, US. The simulations suggested that the dust could have stayed in the atmosphere for up to I5 years after being thrown into the sky.
Philippe Claeys, co-author of the new research, said that although the meteor strike was disastrous for the dinosaurs, it probably helped humans of the future. “Dinosaurs dominated (统治) the Earth and were doing just fine when the meteor hit,” he said. “Without the impact, my guess is that mammals (哺乳动物) — including us — had little chance to become the dominant creature on this planet.”
8. What probably made so many species extinct according to the new research
A. A huge burning rock in space. B. Earthquakes caused by the meteor strike.
C. A large population of creatures on the planet. D. Dust caused by the meteor strike.
9. What did researchers consider when testing their theory
A. Types of disasters. B. Measurements of dust.
C. Sites of meteor strikes. D. Lasting time of dust.
10. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. Chance favors the prepared mind. B. God helps those who help themselves.
C. Where there is life, there is hope. D. Every disadvantage has its advantage.
11. What is the best title for the text
A. How Dust Destroyed Dinosaurs B. How the Meteor Struck the Earth
C. How Mammals Came into Being D. How Scientists Performed the Research
福建省莆田市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（含解析）
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
A Guide to the University
Food
The TWU Cafeteria is open from 7 a.m. to 8 p.m. It serves snacks(小吃), drinks, ice cream bars and meals. You can pay with cash or your ID cards.You can add meal money to your ID cards at the Front Desk. Even if you do not buy your food in the cafeteria, you can use the tables to eat your lunch, to have meetings with your friends and to study.
If you are on campus in the evening or late at night,you can buy snacks, fast food, and drinks in the Lower Cafe located in the bottom level of the Douglas Center. This area is often used for entertainment such as concerts, games or TV watching.
Relaxation
The Globe, located in the bottom level of McMillan Hall, is available for relaxing, studying, cooking and eating. Monthly activities are held here for all international students. Hours are from 10 a.m. to 10 p.m., closed on Sundays.
Academic Support
All students have access to the Writing Center on the upper floor of Douglas Hall. Here, qualified volunteers will work with you on written work, grammar, vocabulary and other academic skills. If you need help, you can sign up for an appointment by finishing the sign-up sheet outside the door, two 30-minute appointments per week maximum. This service is free.
Transportation
The TWU Express is a shuttle(班车)service. The shuttle transports students between campus and the shopping center, leaving from the Mattson Centre. Operation hours are between 8 a.m. and 3 p.m. Saturdays only. Round trip fare is $1.
1. What can you do in the TWU Cafeteria
A. Do homework and watch TV. B. Buy drinks and enjoy concerts.
C. Have meals and meet with friends. D. Add money to your ID and play chess.
2. How can you seek help from the Writing Center
A. By applying online. B. By calling the center.
C. By filling in a sign-up form. D. By going to the center directly.
3. What is the function of the TWU Express
A. To carry students to the lecture halls. B. To provide students with campus tours.
C. To take students to the Mattson Centre. D. To transport students to and from the stores.
B
Hans is a young German born after 1995, who is a big fan of Chinese culture. He has been learning traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) since 2016. Now he is studying for his master’s degree at Henan University of Chinese Medicine.
Hans came to Central China’s Henan Province in 2015, where a rich TCM culture can be enjoyed because Henan Province is the hometown of Zhang Zhongjing, the medical master of ancient China. After one year of learning the Chinese language, he started to learn Chinese medicine.
Without a language barrier, Hans read some of the ancient Chinese medical classics, such as Huangdi Neijing and Yi Jing. He believes different aspects of traditional Chinese culture interact with each other.
Studying TCM also changed Hans’ mind and lifestyle. He used to be addicted to electronic devices and stay up late every night, trapped in this fast-paced but unhealthy daily routine. But now, according to the Yin-Yang theory in TCM, he lives a balanced and peaceful life, practicing good habits as well as reading ancient books.
He plans to run a traditional Chinese clinic in China or Germany after graduation, which could serve as a bridge between the two countries and publicize TCM and its culture.
4. What attracted Hans to Henan Province to study TCM
A. Its rich TCM culture. B. Its unique language.
C. Its beautiful scenery. D. Its famous university.
5. What makes it possible for Hans to read ancient Chinese medical classics
A. His family’s support. B. His financial situation.
C. His language learning. D. His previous experience.
6. How has studying TCM affected Hans
A. He has made a big fortune. B. He has known many medical experts.
C. He has set up a clinic in Germany. D. He has developed a healthy lifestyle.
7. Which of the following best describes Hans
A. Ambitious. B. Brave. C. Humorous. D. Good-mannered.
C
Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. Pollution comes in many ways. We see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it.
Men have been polluting the earth. Many years ago, the pollution was not so serious because there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, men moved to another place.
Air pollution is now the most serious. Air makes people sick. And lots of people now are trying to use something to clear the air. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us become angry more easily.
Many countries are making rules to fight air pollution. They stop people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city, and from putting dirty smoke into the air.
Pollution by SO2 is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution. It is caused by heavy traffic. It is true that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution.
Although most of the pollution is caused by us, we are the ones who can change the situation. The earth is our home. We must take care of it. And we must pay more attention to the information in pollution at the same time.
8. Why was the pollution in the past less serious
A. Because life in the past was easier. B. Because there were not so many people.
C. Because men stayed in one place. D. Because people used less coal to make fire.
9. According to the passage, which kind of pollution is the most serious
A. Air pollution. B. Noise pollution.
C. Light pollution. D. Water pollution.
10. What do many countries do to fight air pollution
A. Try to use something to clear the air. B. Ask people to use public transport more.
C. Stop putting dirty smoke into the air. D. Encourage people to move to another place.
11. What is probably the purpose of this passage
A. To prove life is much easier today. B. To call on us to take care of our earth.
C. To show the danger of pollution. D. To introduce how to fight air pollution.
D
Tired of your quiet day-to-day life How about leaving your computer games behind and taking up an extreme sport
You can ride a bicycle, right In that case you’re halfway to becoming a mountain biker. All you have to do is take your bike off the road and try some hilly areas. Mountain biking was developed in California in the 1970s and became an Olympic sport in 1996.
Not challenging enough Skydivers jump from planes at a height of 1,000 to 4,000 meters. You have to be fit but there’s no age limit with this sport. For example, Dilys Price from Cardiff went on her first jump aged 54. The minute she came down, she wanted to go up again. She said: “It was so attractive”.
Some adventures have invented base jumping, in which people jump from tall structures, such as buildings or bridges, with a parachute. Many of their jumps aren’t legal, especially in the cities.Dan Witchalls has jumped off The Shard —London’s 310 meter-high building four times.He says, “Base jumping is scarier than jumping out of a plane. In a plane there is no sense of height, but when you are standing on the edge of the building you can see people and cars, the experience makes it very real.”
It seems there’s no shortage of imagination when it comes to risking life to look cool and get the heart beating wildly. Surfing, diving, rock climbing ...And how about extreme ironing That is, pressing your clothes on top of a mountain! Extreme ironing is said to have been created in the 1990s in England by a man who saw a large amount of wrinkled clothes and felt bored when doing the cloth ironing. That man was Phil Shaw. For him, the excitement of this sport comes from looking at the viewers’ faces. Shaw says, “Sometimes they look confused; sometimes they laugh. It’s fun to see how people react to it.”
12. What does the author think about mountain biking
A. A bit boring. B. Challenging indeed.
C. Great fun. D. Not very hard.
13. What does the author want to show with the example in paragraph 3
A. Skydivers have to be very healthy. B. Skydiving is not challenging enough.
C. Elderly people can also take up skydiving. D. People can easily become crazy about skydiving.
14. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to
A. The sense of height. B. Base jumping experience.
C. The edge of the building. D. Jumping out of a plane.
15. Why did Phil Shaw invent extreme ironing
A. He liked ironing clothes. B. He wanted to make clothes ironing more fun.
C. He enjoyed different looks on people's faces. D. He had a good view standing on top of a mountain.
参考答案
福建省泉州市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末质检英语试题（含解析）
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不同国家的一些婚礼传统。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Germany”部分的句子“In this way, they show their ability to work as a team to face any challenge they will meet in life.(通过这种方式，他们展示了他们作为一个团队来面对生活中遇到的任何挑战的能力)”可知，在德国婚礼上使用双人锯是为了表明这对新人的共同努力。故选B项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“England”部分的句子“Brides in England typically wear “something old, something new, something borrowed, and something blue” for their big day. The modern practice comes from a traditional English song, and the things themselves represent protection, cheerfulness, good luck, and purity, respectively.(在英国，新娘通常会在婚礼上穿“旧的、新的、借来的和蓝色的东西”。这种现代习俗来自一首传统的英国歌曲，这些东西本身分别代表着保护、快乐、好运和纯洁)”可知，在英式婚礼上，新娘穿不同的衣服来代表不同的愿望。故选D项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“Weddings are one of life’s biggest celebrations, and they are observed in just about every country and culture on the planet. Here are some wedding traditions from around the world.(婚礼是生活中最大的庆祝活动之一，几乎在地球上的每个国家和文化中都会举行婚礼。这里有一些来自世界各地的婚礼传统)”和下文的内容可知，这篇文章介绍的是不同国家的一些婚礼传统。故选B项。
【答案】24. D 25. C 26. D 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述Ellen Ochoa的生活经历是一个出色的例子，说明发明可以引领冒险。她首先成为一名有创造力的工程师，然后成为世界上第一位西班牙裔女宇航员。Ellen Ochoa因其在光学和计算机硬件方面的卓越表现而受到NASA的关注，并于1990年被接纳进入宇航员培训计划。Ellen Ochoa赢得了许多奖项，成为了工程师、宇航员和榜样的成功典范。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“However, in 1983, when Ochoa was on the way to earning her PhD in Electrical Engineering, Sally Ride became the first female U. S. astronaut. This gave Ochoa the encouragement to aim high. Upon graduation, she applied to NASA to become an astronaut herself. (然而，1983年，当Ochoa在攻读电气工程学位博士时，萨莉·里德成为第一位美国女字航员。这鼓励了Ellen Ochoa树立远大目标。毕业后，她向美国国家航空航天局申请成为一名字航员。)”可知，Sally Ride的例子激励了Ellen Ochoa在1983年有了更高的抱负，故选D。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“In time, Ochoa became the co-inventor of three optical devices. (随着时间的推移，Ochoa成为了三种光学设备的共同发明人。)”可知，Ochoa在成为宇航员之前共同发明了三个光学装置。故选C。
【26题详解】
细节理解题，根据倒数第二段“In 1990, NASA accepted her into its astronaut training program, and in July 1991, Ochoa became an official U. S. astronaut. Less than two years later, Ochoa flew as a Mission Specialist on a Discovery Space Shuttle Mission.(1990年，美国国家航空航天局接受她参加宇航员培训项目，1991年7月，Ochoa成为美国正式宇航员。不到两年后，Ochoa作为任务专家参加了发现号航天飞机任务。)”可知，在1993年Ochoa第一次访问太空。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题，根据最后一段的“Ellen Ochoa has won numerous awards for her success as an engineer, an astronaut, and a role model– not just for Hispanic or female ambitious scientists, but for anyone who believes that excellence will finally find its recognition and reward. (Ellen Ochoa因其作为工程师、宇航员和榜样的成功而赢得了无数奖项——不仅是西班牙裔或女性雄心勃勃的科学家，也是任何相信卓越最终会得到认可和奖励的人。)”可知，Ochoa的经历让人们知道追求卓越，成功就会降临到你身上。故选C。
【答案】28. C 29. A 30. A 31. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的未发表的研究表明，在无聊时看手机会让你感到更无聊。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“To figure out the relationship between phones and boredom, the research team set up an app on the phones of 83 volunteers to keep an eye on how often they used their devices.(为了弄清楚手机和无聊之间的关系，研究团队在83名志愿者的手机上安装了一个应用程序，以跟踪他们使用设备的频率)”可知，研究小组在志愿者的手机上安装了一个应用程序是为了跟踪他们的电话使用情况，故选C。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线短语上文“The researchers’ first discovery was no shocker. We’re on our phones a lot. Equally unsurprising was the second finding: the more tired we are, the more likely we are to reach for our phones.(研究人员的第一个发现并不令人震惊，我们经常使用手机。同样不足为奇的是第二个发现：我们越累，我们就越有可能伸手去拿手机。)”可知，前两个发现——我们经常使用手机；我们越累，我们就越有可能伸手去拿手机，这都是很常见的，不足为奇的，根据划线短语所在句子“The real kicker was the final finding. While we look to our phones to relieve our tiredness and boredom, screen time actually seemed to increase feelings of boredom.(The real kicker是最终的发现。当我们通过手机来缓解疲劳和无聊时，屏幕时间实际上似乎增加了无聊感。)”可知，最后一个发现与前两个发现大大不同——当我们通过手机来缓解疲劳和无聊时，屏幕时间实际上似乎增加了无聊感，这个发现是令人惊讶的，出乎意料的，划线短语The real kicker与Equally unsurprising是相对的。由此可知，划线短语意为“最出乎意料的”，与“The most unexpected.(最意想不到的。)”一样，故选A。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Shifting from work to your phone and back again may end up being more tiring in mind than it is stimulating (提神的). In other words, that baby goat video was nice, but not worth the cost to your brain in effort and concentration.(从工作转移到手机上然后再从手机上转移到工作上可能最终会让人感到更累而不是刺激。换句话说，那个小山羊视频很不错，但不值得你的大脑付出精力和注意力的代价)”可推知，第四段提到小羊视频是为了展示玩手机会让人更累，故选A。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“This one small study can’t clearly say if either of these explanations is right, but the basic takeaway is pretty clear: A quick look at your phone is going to make your brain feel even more fried. If so, what to do instead (这项小型研究无法清楚地表明这两种解释是否正确，但基本的结论非常明确：快速浏览手机会让你的大脑感觉更加疲惫。如果是这样，该怎么办？)”可知，文章接下来会讲我们应该怎么办，也就是该如何更好地休息，故选B。
【答案】32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了Preifer Fall Trail因为自然灾害被毁，为了恢复这一景点，人们协力付出了许多努力。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Unfortunately, the trail, along with stairs, signs, railings, an observation station and wooden bridges, was destroyed in the 2008 Basin Complex Fire.(不幸的是，这条小径连同楼梯、标志、栏杆、观测站和木桥都在2008年的盆地建筑群大火中被毁)”以及第二段“But the landscape always suffers natural disasters. There have been three major wildfires in Big Sur in the past years.(但这里的景观总是遭受自然灾害。过去几年里，大苏尔发生了三起重大野火)”可知，Preifer Fall Trail遭遇了许多自然灾害。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Parks planners designed a new track, moving the trail out of the river to reduce its impact on the environment.(公园规划者设计了一条新的步道，将步道移出河流，以减少对环境的影响)”可知，人们通过把小路移出水道，来减少步道对环境的影响。故选A。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“People from the California protection group, state parks department and the nonprofit organization put in 66,000 hours of work over the past four years. They built 160 redwood stairs and dragged hundreds of 16-foot-long redwood sticks by hand to build railings. They removed 4,150 square feet of old building stuff, enough to cover a basketball court. They used iron cables and pulleys (缆线和滑轮) to build a 70-foot long wooden bridge over the hills.(加州保护组织、州立公园部门和非营利组织的工作人员在过去四年中投入了6.6万小时的工作。他们建造了160层红木楼梯，并用手拖拽了数百根16英尺长的红木棒来建造栏杆。他们拆除了4150平方英尺的旧建筑材料，足以覆盖一个篮球场。他们用铁索和滑轮在山上建造了一座70英尺长的木桥)”以及最后一段“They kept combining efforts. It’s been a long journey, but worth the wait.(他们不断联合努力。这是一个漫长的旅程，但值得等待)”可推知，人们的工作艰难但值得。故选D。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“For long, Preifer Fall Trail (路线) was a most popular attraction in Big Sur. Annually, thousands of people hiked the trail. Unfortunately, the trail, along with stairs, signs, railings, an observation station and wooden bridges, was destroyed in the 2008 Basin Complex Fire. But now a new trail has risen from the burned land.(长期以来，Preifer Fall Trail是大苏尔最受欢迎的景点。每年都有成千上万的人徒步旅行。不幸的是，这条小径连同楼梯、标志、栏杆、观测站和木桥都在2008年的盆地建筑群大火中被毁。但现在，一条新的道路从被烧毁的土地上出现了)”结合文章主要说明了Preifer Fall Trail因为自然灾害被毁，为了恢复这一景点，人们协力付出了许多努力。可知，这篇文章的主要内容是恢复失去的景点。故选C。
福建省福州市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末质量检测英语试题（含解析）
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了世界各地的城市引入自然，改善生活环境的创新想法和实践。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Liverpool, England中“Built in 2020, Liverpool’s living wall has been planted with 14,000 evergreens to help trap some of the pollution produced by the city’s nearby bus station. (利物浦的绿色墙建于2020年，种植了1.4万棵常青树，以帮助捕获该市附近公交车站产生的一些污染)”可知，绿色墙的用处是减少污染。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Singapore, Southeast Asia中“They promise by 2030 no family should be more than a ten-minute walk from a green space. (他们承诺，到2030年，每个家庭距离绿色空间的步行距离将超过10分钟)”可知，新加坡承诺到2030年居民可以更容易到达绿色区域。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Curitiba, Brazil中“Ten “mini-forests” have also been established, making use of smaller areas where larger plantations are impossible. (还建立了10个“迷你森林”，利用不可能建造大型种植园的较小地区)”可知，巴西的库里提巴成功做到了绿化小空间。故选B项。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据Liverpool, England中“to help trap some of the pollution produced by the city’s nearby bus station (以帮助捕获该市附近公交车站产生的一些污染)”和“There has been a great increase in the bee population and improvement of the community’s ecology (生态) in the following years. (在接下来的几年里，蜜蜂的数量有了很大的增加，社区的生态也得到了改善)”、Singapore, Southeast Asia中“to make the city as continual and nature-inclusive as possible (使城市尽可能地具有连续性和自然包容性)”、Seoul, South Korea and Izmir, Turkey中“to lower city temperatures by 3 to 7℃ (使城市温度降低3到7℃)”和“to reduce pollution (减少污染)”以及Curitiba, Brazil中“city planners made the well-being of people their main concern (城市规划者把人民的福祉作为他们主要关心的问题)”可知，这些项目的共同的目标是优化生态情况，改善生活环境。故选D项。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“From beehives (蜂箱) on rooftops to mini-forests, creative ideas are bringing nature into cities, all around the world. (从屋顶上的蜂箱到迷你森林，创新的想法将自然带入世界各地的城市)”可知，文章是在介绍世界各地的城市引入自然，改善生活环境的创新想法和实践。因此，D项“城市在变绿”契合文章中介绍的各种想法和实践，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。
【答案】6. C 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了翻译应用程序的特点以及如今人工智能成为一种更受欢迎的节省劳动力的工具，社会可能会分成两派。因此，一些专家担心人工智能会导致人们对语言学习的兴趣下降。对此，作者认为虽然人工智能翻译看起来很实用，但我们必须认识到语言的社会性质。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“With these apps’ conversation mode, people talk into a phone and a spoken translation is heard moments later. Maybe the best-known app is Google Translate, though small mistakes can happen due to its word-for-word translation.(有了这些应用程序的对话模式，人们对着电话说话，一会儿就能听到语音翻译。也许最著名的应用程序是谷歌翻译，尽管它的逐字翻译可能会出现一些小错误)”可推知，翻译应用快速但有时会有错误。故选C。
【7题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Surprisingly, the best tool may not be a translation app at all.(令人惊讶的是，最好的工具可能根本不是翻译应用程序)”以及后文“ChatGPT, a generative AI system, can write messages in different languages, producing natural output like a native speaker (ChatGPT是一个生成型人工智能系统，可以用不同的语言编写信息，像母语人士一样产生自然输出)”可知，ChatGPT是一种生成式人工智能系统，尽管没有被宣传有翻译功能，它还是可以用不同的语言编写信息，像母语人士一样自然地说话，故that指的是“翻译”。故选D。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“After all, most people do not move abroad or often have contact with a foreign culture. On their holiday, they just want a beer and spaghetti (意大利面).(毕竟，大多数人不会移居国外，也不会经常接触外国文化。度假时，他们只想要一杯啤酒和意大利面)”可推知，作者在第三段提到“啤酒和意大利面”是为了支持上文提到的大多数人不会移居国外，也不会经常接触外国文化的事实。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Writer Douglas Hofstadter has argued that something meaningful will disappear when people communicate through machines. He describes giving a disconnected, difficult speech in Chinese, which required a lot of work but offered a sense of achievement at the end. Who would boast of (吹嘘) taking a helicopter to the top of Mount Everest (珠穆朗玛峰) (作家Douglas Hofstadter认为，当人们通过机器进行交流时，一些有意义的东西将消失。他描述了用中文做一个断断续续、困难的演讲，这需要大量的工作，但最后会有一种成就感。谁会夸耀自己曾乘坐直升机登上珠穆朗玛峰？)”可知，根据Douglas Hofstadter的观点，没有技术帮助的谈话是值得的。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“While AI translation seems practical, we must recognize the social nature of language. When trying to ask directions in broken Japanese or make a joke in awkward German, you are making direct contact with someone. The best relationships do not require a third party. (虽然人工智能翻译看起来很实用，但我们必须认识到语言的社会性质。当你试图用蹩脚的日语问路或用笨拙的德语讲笑话时，你是在与某人直接接触。最好的关系不需要第三者)”可知，语言的社会本质是与人直接联系。故选A。
【答案】11. C 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了拓印技术，说明了这种技术的历史以及重要性等知识。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Rubbing, the tracing (描摹) of characters onto a piece of paper, reached its golden age during the Song Dynasty (960-1279). (拓印，即在纸上描画文字，在宋朝（960-1279）达到了鼎盛时期。)”可知，拓印在宋代得到了很好的发展。故选C。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Repeated hundreds of thousands of times during the Song era, this hands-on skill enabled educated members of Song society to have a chance to learn from master calligraphic works either from their own times or from earlier dynasties. Oftentimes, the original calligraphy, or even its stone version, became lost over time, thus making the rubbings the only surviving copy of the masterworks that had once existed. In that sense, the Song rubbings, and those behind them; have helped to preserve a cultural relic much valued then and now. (在宋朝，这种实践技能重复了数十万次，使宋朝社会受过教育的成员有机会学习自己时代或早期朝代的书法大师作品。通常情况下，原始的书法，甚至它的石头版本，随着时间的推移而丢失，因此，这些拓片是曾经存在的大师作品的唯一幸存的副本。从这个意义上说，宋朝拓片及其背后的拓片；帮助保护了一件当时和现在都很有价值的文物。)”可知，第三段的主要内容是拓印的重要性。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Of the 40 pieces on show,20 are drawn from the collection of the Palace Museum, which holds a total of 150 Song rubbings. The other half are lent for the first time by the Art Museum of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), whose collection of rubbings were donated by J. S. Lee. (在展出的40件作品中，有20件来自故宫博物院的藏品，故宫博物院共收藏了150件宋朝拓片。另一半则由香港中文大学艺术馆首次出借，该馆的拓片收藏是由J. S. Lee捐赠的。)”可推知，第4段暗示了展品的来源来自两个组织。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““What we have here is not just a showcase of the beauty of ink and paper, the art of calligraphy, carving and rubbing, but also the telling of stories shining in cultural pride and common spirit,” said Wang Xudong, director of the Palace Museum. (故宫博物院院长王旭东表示：“我们在这里不仅展示了水墨之美、书法、雕刻和拓印艺术，还讲述了文化自豪感和共同精神的故事。”)”可推知，王旭东对这次展览感到骄傲。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Skill of copying and moving images onto paper is an art form shining in history, Zhao Xu reports. Rubbing, the tracing (描摹) of characters onto a piece of paper, reached its golden age during the Song Dynasty (960-1279). (赵旭报道，将图像复制并移动到纸上的技术是一种历史上闪耀的艺术形式。拓印，即在纸上描画文字，在宋朝（960-1279）达到了鼎盛时期。)”结合文章主要介绍了拓印技术，说明了这种技术的历史以及重要性等知识。可推知，文章可能选自报纸的部分内容。故选D。
福建省漳州市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末质量检测英语试题（含解析）
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在《洛杉矶时报》上发布广告或法律通知的服务。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Place a legal notice, advertise your services, or sell your goods in the award-winning newspaper. No need to be an expert.(在获奖的报纸上发布法律通知，宣传你的服务，或者销售你的商品。不需要成为专家)”和“3 Easy Steps(3个简单步骤)”可推知，在《洛杉矶时报》上刊登广告或法律通知不麻烦，只需要3个简单步骤就可以完成，即不需要付出太多的精力。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Frequently Asked Questions部分第3条中“You can find the specific deadlines for the product you’re interested in, by visiting the More Info page for that specific product.(您可以通过访问该特定产品的More Info页面，找到您感兴趣的产品的具体截止日期)”可知，如果不确定什么时候提交广告，可以访问More Info页面。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“If you need more information regarding our Privacy Policy , please click here.(如果您需要更多关于我们的隐私政策的信息，请点击这里)”中“click here”可推知，本文出自一个网站。故选B项。
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了小女孩乔通过自己的想象力和决心，将一个被遗忘的旧书屋变成了一个充满冒险和想象力的神圣地方。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线短语的上文“Though she’d been warned to stay away from abandoned places,(虽然她被警告要远离废弃的地方，)”和下文“She slid in and was amazed to find a room full of books! Jo’s excitement was huge when she realized she had found a hidden treasure.(她溜了进去，惊奇地发现满屋子都是书!当乔意识到她找到了一个隐藏的宝藏时，她非常兴奋。)”可知，乔虽然被警告远离废弃的地方，但是她还是去了，说明好奇心“战胜了”她，所以划线短语是“战胜、击败”的意思。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“She ran to tell the villagers everything, thinking that they would share her excitement but instead, she heard roars of laughter!(她跑去告诉村民们一切，以为他们会分享她的兴奋，但相反，她听到了哄堂大笑!)”和第四段“Knowing the power of stories in impressing on people the values of life, she decided to share the stories with the villagers, though she knew it would be a difficult journey(她知道故事的力量能让人们深刻认识到生命的价值，所以她决定与村民们分享这些故事，尽管她知道这将是一段艰难的旅程)”可推知，村民们哄堂大笑是因为他们对乔的发现不以为然。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Knowing the power of stories in impressing on people the values of life, she decided to share the stories with the villagers, though she knew it would be a difficult journey. Making this her mission (使命), Jo started telling stories every day at her cottage.(她知道故事的力量能让人们深刻认识到生命的价值，所以她决定与村民们分享这些故事，尽管她知道这将是一段艰难的旅程。把这作为她的使命，乔开始每天在她的小屋里讲故事)”和最后一段“In the beginning, only a few came to the readings. But word spread rapidly, causing more and more people to come, some of whom even traveled from far away to just listen to her stories.(一开始，只有少数人来阅读。但消息迅速传播开来，越来越多的人来听她的故事，其中一些人甚至从很远的地方来听她的故事。)”可知，乔是一个坚定而有影响力的人。故选D项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读可知，文章主要讲述了小女孩乔通过自己的想象力和决心，在探险时发现了一个被遗忘的旧书屋并将其变成了一个充满冒险和想象力的神圣地方，吸引了越来越多的人来听她的故事，且她还举办了讲习班，教人们如何阅读和写作，所以B选项“乔的旅程：从冒险到教育”能概括全文内容，适合用作文章标题。故选B项。
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了剑桥词典近日宣布 2023 年年度词汇为“hallucinate”并赋予了它与人工智能技术相关的新含义。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The added Cambridge Dictionary definition (定义) reads: “When an AI hallucinates, it produces false information, which can vary (变化) from suggestions that seem perfectly believable to ones that are clearly non-sense.”(剑桥词典新增的定义是这样的：‘当人工智能产生幻觉时，它会产生虚假信息，这些信息可能会变化，从看似完全可信的建议到明显毫无意义的建议。’)”以及第三段Wendalyn Nichols所说话中的“AIs can draw out specific information we need from huge amounts and piece it together. That’s amazing. But they just stop there. The more original (原创的) you ask them to be, the likelier they are to go wrong. (人工智能可以从大量信息中提取出我们需要的特定信息，并将其拼凑在一起。这是惊人的。但他们就止步于此。你越要求他们原创，他们出错的可能性就越大。)”可知，人工智能可以从大量信息中提取出我们需要的特定信息并将其拼凑在一起，但是也仅限于此，当你越要求他们原创，他们出错的可能性就越大。由此可知，人工智能产生幻觉时会产生虚假信息，这是由于人工智能的局限性所导致的。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Actually, at their best, AIs can only be as dependable as their training information. Humans’ professional knowledge is more important than ever, to create the truthful and up-to-date information that AIs can be trained on.(实际上，在最好的情况下，人工智能只能和它们的训练信息一样可靠。人类的专业知识比以往任何时候都更重要，因为它可以为人工智能提供真实和最新的信息。)”可知，人工智能的可靠性取决于训练信息，而人类的专业知识比以往任何时候都更重要，因为它可以为人工智能提供真实和最新的信息；由此可知，培训人工智能的关键是人类运用专业知识提供给它们真实和最新的信息，这可以提高人工智能的可靠性。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。文章第五段“AIs can hallucinate in a confident and thus more misleading manner. Their influences have been shown in real-world examples. In Google’s advertisement for its chatbot Bard, the AI tool made an error about the James Webb Space Telescope. A US law company used cases made up by AIs in court after using ChatGPT for legal research.(人工智能可以自信地产生幻觉，从而更容易误导人。它们的影响已经在现实世界的例子中得到了体现。在谷歌的聊天机器人Bard的广告中，这个人工智能工具在詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜的问题上犯了一个错误。一家美国律师公司在使用ChatGPT进行法律研究后，在法庭上使用了人工智能编造的案例。)”指出，人工智能可以自信地产生幻觉，从而更容易误导人，作者运用谷歌的聊天机器人Bard的广告中Bard犯了错误以及一家美国律师公司在法庭上使用ChatGPT编造的案例，来证明证明一个既定的事实：人工智能可以自信地产生幻觉更容易误导人，这在现实世界得到了体现；故选B。
11题详解】
主旨大意题。最后一段““The widespread use of the word ‘hallucinate’ to refer to mistakes by AIs offers us a quick look at how we’re treating them as our equals,” said Dr Henry, an AI ethicist at Cambridge University. “‘Hallucinate’ is originally a verb suggesting someone experiencing a disconnect from reality,” he continued. “It mirrors an unnoticeable change in perception (认知): the AI, not the user, is the one ‘hallucinating’”. It seems that as time progresses, psychological vocabulary will be further enlarged to describe the strange abilities of the new intelligences we’re creating.(剑桥大学人工智能伦理学家亨利Henry说：“‘幻觉’这个词被广泛用于指代人工智能的错误，这让我们迅速了解到，我们是如何平等地对待它们的。”“‘Hallucinate’最初是一个动词，表示某人与现实脱节，”他继续说