高二学年英语学科开学考试
（考试时间:120分钟 满分:150分 共5页）
I卷（选择题,本卷共70小题,共100分）
阅读理解（共两节,满分40分）
第一节（共15小题:每小题2分,满分30分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Benefits of Target com Membership
As a member, you can take advantage of program benefits that make shopping with us even more rewarding. Obtain points for every dollar you spend on purchases, receive discounts and exclusive member-only offers; get early access to our biggest sales and much more.
Get free shipping
Target+ members get free shipping, with no minimum purchase requirements.
Score points on Best Buy purchases
Target members get rewards points for every dollar spent on purchases.
Shop exclusive deals especially for you
Your Target account comes with special member-only deals.
Get early access to some of our biggest sales
Target members get to shop-select sale events with exclusive early access to great limited-quantity deals.
Target Benefits by Membership Level
Target Target+
How to Qualify Free to join $1,500 in purchases per year
Discounts 1% discount 2% discount
Points on Purchases 1 point per $1 spent 2 points per $l spent
Free Shipping Accumulate 100 points to get $1 return
Free shipping On purchases $35 and up Free shipping No minimum purchase required
Access to Special Sales Yes Yes, Elite access
Returns & Exchanges Standard 15 days 30 days
Birthday Gift Yes Yes
1. What website is
A. A study website. B. A shopping website.
C. A database website. D. A dating website.
2. What do Target+ members enjoy while Target members don’t
A. Birthday present. B. Unconditional returns.
C. Access to special sales. D. Unconditional free shipping
3. How much does a Target+ member save on a $150 purchase
A. $1.5. B. $2.5. C. $3. D. $6.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要讲述一个购物网站为会员提供的优惠。它主要分成两种类型的会员，每一种会员对应的要求和可以享受的权益不一样。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“As a member, you can take advantage of program benefits that make shopping with us even more rewarding.(作为一名会员，你可以利用计划的优势，和我们一起购物会更有回报)”可知，这是一个购物网站。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Target+ members get free shipping, with no minimum purchase requirements.(Target+会员可以免费送货，没有最低购买要求）”和表格中Free Shipping一行中“Free shipping On purchases $35 and up(购物满35美元免费送货)”可知，Target+会员可以享受无条件的免费送货，而Target会员需购物满35美元才享受免费送货，故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格第三行“Discounts(折扣)”部分“2% discount(2%折扣)”可知，Target+会员可以享受2%的折扣，即150美元可以节省150*2%=3美元；结合表格第四行“Points on Purchases(购物积分)”中“2 points per $l spent(每消费1美元获得2积分)”和“Accumulate 100 points to get $1 return(累积100分可返还1美元)”可知，150美元可获得300积分，即返还3美元，故Target+会员可以节约6美元。故选D。
B
Olivia Ries was just seven years old when she and her eight-year-old brother Carter adopted a cheetah(猎豹) in South Africa.
“When my sister and I first learned back in 2009 that species like the cheetah may be extinct in the wild by the time we have kids, it scared us. We knew we had to do something to help them,” says Carter. “There are so many people(young and old alike) who just don’t know what is happening to so many species, just like we didn’t. Olivia and I want to make sure we reach as many people around the world as possible and help them to understand how serious the situation really is.”
To do that, the kids started One More Generation(OMG), an organization with the motto: “Preserving endangered species for one more generation and beyond.”
Now, ten years later, Olivia and Carter have travelled all over the world spreading their message. They’ve been interviewed on national television, participated in marches and fundraisers and won awards for their work. In 2015, they were invited to Vietnam by the United States Embassy to participate in a programme to save rhinos. All that they’ve done for animals and the environment is much too long to list!
“Our number one message to everyone we meet is ‘Remember, anyone can make a difference…if we can, you can too,’” says Olivia. “We want all people to understand that what Carter and I are doing is not necessarily something special; it is something that we all should be doing. You can start small by simply adopting an animal. Do some research on the species you are interested in, and find a good organization offering adoptions. My brother and I take our birthday money and allowance money to adopt animals all the time.”
4. How did Olivia and Carter feel when learning cheetahs faced extinction
A. Angry and guilty. B. Shocked and concerned
C. Anxious and helpless. D. Hopeful and determined
5. What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell about Olivia and Carter
A. They organized activities to raise money. B. They took measures to save rhinos
C. They made efforts to list extinct species. D. They contributed a lot to dying species.
6. What do Olivia’s words suggest
A. Anyone can help by starting small B. Anyone can do something special.
C. Anyone should do research on species D. Anyone should donate to adoption organizations.
7. If you’re to offer Olivia a gift, which might she expect most
A. Adopting a panda in the name of both her and me. B. Making her a furry dog with my own hands
C. Buying her a doll of the latest style. D. Mailing her a handmade postcard.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了兄妹两在了解到猎豹即将灭绝的事实后，通过自己的方式成立组织来号召所有人关心濒危动物，鼓励他们从小事做起，来帮助濒危动物。他们相信任何人都可以为濒危动物出一份力。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“When my sister and I first learned back in 2009 that species like the cheetah may be extinct in the wild by the time we have kids, it scared us.(在2009年，当我和妹妹第一次了解到一些物种，例如猎豹，可能在我们有小孩时，它们会灭绝，我们很震惊。)”和“Olivia and I want to make sure we reach as many people around the world as possible and help them to understand how serious the situation really is.( Olivia和我想确定我们可以让世界上尽可能多的人明白它们现在的处境相当糟糕。)”可知，当Olivia and Carter知道猎豹可能会灭绝时他们很震惊，也很担心，想要尽自己的量来帮助它们。故选B。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段的主要内容，尤其是“All that they’ve accomplished for animals and the environment is much too long to list!(他们为动物和环境所做的一切太多了，无法一一列举。)”可知，本段主要讲述了Olivia and Carter为濒临灭绝的物种做出了很大贡献。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Our number one message to everyone we meet is ‘Remember, anyone can make a difference... if we can, you can too’’’ (我们给每个人的第一条信息是“记住，任何人都可以改变......如果我们可以，你也可以”)”和“you can start small by simply adopting an animal. Do some research on the species you are interested in, and find a good organization offering adoptions.(你可以通过收养动物这样的小事开始。对你感兴趣的动物做一些研究，找到一个可以收养的好组织。)”可推断，Olivia说这句话的意思是“任何人都可以从小事情做起来帮助濒危动物”。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“My brother and I take our birthday money and allowance money and adopt animals all the time.(我哥哥和我一直带着我们的生日钱和零用钱去领养动物。)”可知，Olivia期待的礼物是收养一个小动物。所以“Adopting a panda in name of both her and me. (以她和我的名义收养一只熊猫)”符合以上推测。故选A。
C
The waters around the Galapagos Islands, a hot spot of biodiversity off the coast of Ecuador, have been invaded by more alien species than previously thought.
While the number of invasive species on land is well-documented, relatively little was known about those in the marine environment.
Now field surveys have found 48 invasive species off the coasts of the islands, in addition to five known non-native species. These creatures probably got a free ride on ships from around the world.
These surveys were undertaken only in certain hahitats around two of the larger islands, so the actual number of invasive species is likely to be much greater. “From our knowledge of similar studies, I wouldn’t be surprised if the number was twice as many,” says team member Jim Carlton of Williams College in Massachusetts.
The alien species included worms, mussels crabs and sea squirts. There were also tiny moss (苔藓)animals, such as Amathia verticillata, which kills seagrass and messes up fishing equipment.
Seventeen of the newly-identified invaders had been spotted around the Galapagos Islands before, but bad been wrongly thought to have been native species.
The influence of these alien species on the islands’ ecosystems is not yet known. But it is likely to be damaging judging from experiences elsewhere, and could threaten hundreds of local species on the islands. “What we know is that a number of these invasive species clearly have had serious effects elsewhere in the world,” says Carlton.
Invasions in other places suggest that even more harmful species could soon be headed for the waters of the Galapagos Islands, the team warns, including soft corals (珊瑚虫)that could grow rapidly over local coral, and the possibility of poisonous lionfish crossing from the Caribbean through the Panama Canal.
The Galaparos Marine Reserve is now protected, but it will be hard to stop further invaders because it is difficult to check for tiny species on the bottom of every visiting boat.
8. How many invasive species have been found off the coasts of the Galapagos Islands
A. 5 B. 43 C. 48 D. 53
9. What can be learned about Amathia verticillata
A. It mainly feeds on worms and lionfish.
B. It’ll be harmful to the fishing industry.
C. It was the earliest invader found in Ecuador.
D. It makes up the majority of invasive species.
10. What’s the seventh paragraph mainly about
A. The damage of local species. B. The ecosystem around Ecuador.
C. The impact of invasive species. D. The number of invasive species.
11. Why is it difficult to prevent further invasion
A. Alien species are spreading quickly. B. Many ships visit the islands illegally.
C. It’s hard to identify very small species. D. There is a lack of men needed for the job.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文本主要介绍了加拉帕戈斯群岛及其周围海域遭遇外来物种入侵的情况。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Now field surveys have found 48 invasive species off the coasts of the islands, in addition to five known non-native species.”（现在实地调查发现，除了5种已知的非本地物种外，在这些岛屿的海岸外还发现了48种入侵物种）可知加拉帕戈斯群岛海岸发现了53（5+48）种外来物种。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“There were also tiny moss（苔藤）animals, such as Amathia verticillata, which kills seagrass and messes up fishing equipment.”（也有一些微小的苔藓动物，比如Amathia verticillata，它会杀死海草并破坏捕鱼设备）可知，Amathia verticillata对捕鱼业有害。故选B。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第七段首句“The influence of these alien species on the islands’ ecosystems is not yet known.”（这些外来物种对岛屿生态系统的影响尚不清楚）结合本段内容，可知第七段主要讲了入侵物种的影响。故选C。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The Galaparos Marine Reserve is now protected, but it will be hard to stop further invaders because it is difficult to check for tiny species on the bottom of every visiting boat.”（加拉帕罗斯海洋保护区现在是受保护的，但很难阻止进一步的入侵，因为很难在每艘到访的船只底部检查微小物种）可知，很难阻止物种进一步的入侵是因为很难识别非常小的物种。故选C。
D
T. S. Eliot wrote of “Distracted from distraction by distraction /Filled with fancies and empty of meaning.” T. S. Eliot never had a smartphone.
Neither did I for a long time. No Facebook account; not even email. But according to my date of manufacture, I’m supposed to be a digital native. Perhaps it’s because by the age of 20 I was living in the Welsh countryside with no signal and no Wi-Fi.
When I finally fell into the digital world, I fell hard. Unlike my friends for whom social media and mobile technology had grown and flowered around them, for me it was a sudden immersion. I got Facebook, Twitter and Gmail accounts at the same time that I got an iPhone 4. I would check my phone; five minutes later I would check my phone again. I was addicted and it started to affect my relationships with friends and family
One night, without a word, I abandoned my iPhone and bought a Nokia 3310 and became the talk of the town. Soon I became aware that not only had I stolen secret time back from the hurried days, but somehow a secret space as well. I could stretch out, free to think again, to be wholly creative and to learn meaningfully.
But, wherever I went I got bloody lost. Wandering blindly around London, only to miss appointments, became a frequent pastime (消遣). What did we do before Google Maps I was useless. The change was worth it, though. I’ll sound like an overstatement but I think it changed my life. My choices are broader and healthier because I’m not being screamed at all day.
I bought a new Samsung phone last week. I had been scared of the rate of progress, crying: “Stop the train! Stop the madness.” But I want to be part of building the future, and to do that, you’ve got to swim in contemporary waters. Rejecting the modern world doesn’t help anyone. It slows you down and I need to be efficient. Time will tell whether I’ve mastered the wisdom to reject constantly checking my phone.
12. What can be learned about the author when she lived in the Welsh countryside
A. She read a lot of T. S. Eliot. B. She had no friends to talk with.
C. She had no access to the Internet. D. She was afraid of the digital world.
13. Why did the author buy the Nokia 3310
A. She thought she needed a spare phone. B. She found her iPhone stopped working.
C. She wanted to attract people’s attention. D. She hoped to break her smartphone addiction.
14. What happened after the author used the Nokia 3310
A. She led a simple and healthy life. B. She found her life was in a mess.
C. She spent more time with her friends. D. She became an example for other people.
15. For what purpose did the author buy the Samsung phone
A. To seek wisdom. B. To stop her madness.
C. To keep pace with the times. D. To get back to the real world.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对数字化世界的体验和反思，描述了自己从无数字设备到被数字世界深深吸引，再到最终理智地对待智能手机的经历。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Perhaps it’s because by the age of 20 I was living in the Welsh countryside with no signal and no Wi-Fi. (也许是因为我20岁的时候住在威尔士乡下，没有信号，也没有Wi-Fi。)”可知，作者在威尔士乡下生活时不能上网。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“I was addicted and it started to affect my relationships with friends and family.(我上瘾了，这开始影响我与朋友和家人的关系。)”和第四段的“One night, without a word, I abandoned my iPhone and bought a Nokia 3310. (一天晚上，我二话没说，放弃了iPhone，买了一部诺基亚3310。) ”可知，作者买诺基亚3310的原因在于她希望能戒掉手机瘾。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“Soon I became aware that not only had I stolen secret time back from the hurried days, but somehow a secret space as well. I could stretch out, free to think again, to be wholly creative and to learn meaningfully.(很快我就意识到，我不仅从忙碌的日子里偷回了秘密的时间，而且不知怎的也偷回了一个秘密的空间。我可以伸伸懒腰，自由地重新思考，充分发挥创造力，有意义地学习。)”可知，在作者使用诺基亚3310之后过着简单而健康的生活。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But I want to be part of building the future, and to do that, you’ve got to swim in contemporary waters. Rejecting the modern world doesn’t help anyone. It slows you down and I need to be efficient.(但我想成为建设未来的一部分，要做到这一点，你必须在当代的水域里游泳。拒绝现代世界对任何人都没有帮助。这会拖慢你的速度，我需要提高效率。)”可知，作者购买三星手机的目的是为了跟上时代的步伐，做到与时俱进。故选C。
第二节.（共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tips on Handling Rejection in Your Career
I have experienced many noes in my life. And yet, the noes haven't held me back. ___16___Whenever I get a no, I view it as an invitation-to explore new ways to cooperate, perhaps at another time.
Most importantly, noes encourage my persistence(坚持不懈). ___17___
Don't take the no personally. It's just business. Don't allow yourself to feel useless because someone rejects your application or says that they don't see an opportunity to work with you. As far as I'm concerned, it may have been a case of bad timing.
Don't shy away from being persistent. Persistence in the face of challenges, failures, and unexpected situations is the mark of a good employee.___18___This extra effort may even get you noticed as displaying a valuable quality.
Be respectful. You won't get anywhere if you respond to a rejection with a hurt or bitter response. Honor the other person. Even if the final response is no, let the other party know you are still interested in working with them should an opportunity arise.
Be aware of cultural standards. Keep in mind that cultural standards regarding persistence vary. In some countries, it's perfectly OK to email someone twice a month to keep in touch with them.___19___So, study up on the culture in which you want to take part and respect its rules.
I will continue to receive noes throughout my life. But I'm not afraid of them. ___20___For me, that's been an important part of my career advancement and professional development.
A. Instead, they've served as an inspiration to me.
B. I've built up my resistance to noes by being persistent.
C. However, constant phone calls are improper sometimes.
D. There's nothing wrong with a follow-up email or phone call.
E. On the contrary, people might consider it polite and favorable.
F. But that might be seen as rude and invasive in other countries.
G. To be persistent in the face of noes, I'd like to share a few rules.
【答案】16. A 17. G 18. D 19. F 20. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。作者一生中经历了很多不愉快，但是“被拒绝”并没有阻止作者，文章主要就如何在你的职业生涯中处理“拒绝”提出了一些建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文I have experienced many noes in my life. And yet, the noes haven't held me back.可知在我的一生中，我经历了许多不愉快。然而，“被拒绝”并没有阻止我。以及后文Whenever I get a no, I view it as an invitation-to explore new ways to cooperate, perhaps at another time.可知无论何时我得到一个“不”，我把它看作是一种邀请——在另一个时间探索新的合作方式。由此可知，“被拒绝”并没有阻止作者，而是让作者觉得受益，有了灵感。故A选项“相反，它们给了我灵感”符合语境，故选A。
【17题详解】
本句为第二段最后一句，有引出下文的作用，结合后文主要为介绍作者从拒绝中获得的一些心得，G选项中To be persistent与上文中persistence为同义词。故G选项“为了面对拒绝时仍坚持不懈，我想分享一些规则”符合语境，故选G。
【18题详解】
根据后文This extra effort may even get you noticed as displaying a valuable quality.可知这额外的努力甚至可能会让你注意到你展示了一种有价值的品质。由此可知，本句应当是在说明进行的哪些额外的努力，故D选项“跟进邮件或电话没什么问题”符合语境，故选D。
19题详解】
根据前文Be aware of cultural standards. Keep in mind that cultural standards regarding persistence vary. In some countries, it's perfectly OK to email someone twice a month to keep in touch with them.可知了解文化标准。请记住，关于持久性的文化标准各不相同。在一些国家，每月给某人发两次邮件保持联系是完全可以的。以及后文So, study up on the culture in which you want to take part and respect its rules.可知所以，好好研究你想要参与其中的文化，尊重它的规则。由此可知，本段主要是关于不同国家的文化标准，上文提到了在一些国家，每月给某人发两次邮件保持联系是完全可以的，但是在另一些国家可能会被视为粗鲁和侵犯性的行为。所以要好好研究文化。故F选项“但是这在其他国家可能会被视为粗鲁和侵犯性的行为”符合语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文But I'm not afraid of them.可知但我不怕他们。以及后文For me, that's been an important part of my career advancement and professional development.可知对我来说，这是我事业发展和专业发展的重要组成部分。由此可知，作者如今并不畏惧被拒绝了，建立了对“不”的抵抗力，意识到被拒绝是自己事业发展和专业发展的重要组成部分。故B选项“通过坚持不懈，我已经建立起了对‘不’的抵抗力”符合语境，故选B。
完形填空（共20小题:每小题1.5分,满分30分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中, 选台可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Now at some level, all moms and dads know they shouldn't yell at kids. But if you don't ___21___or talk angrily, how do you discipline（管教）？
For thousands of years, the Inuit have ___22___ an ancient tool： storytelling. Designed to improve kids’ behaviors and sometimes ___23___ save their lives, oral stories are passed down from one ___24___ to the next. For example, how do you teach kids to ___25___ the ocean Instead of ___26___, “Don't go near the water!” Inuit parents take a unique ___27___ and tell kids a special story about what's inside the water. ___28___, those stories seemed to me too scary for little children. And my initial reaction was to ___29___ them. But my opinion changed after I watched my own daughter's response to ____30____ tales——and after I learned more about humanity’s complex relationship with storytelling.
Oral storytelling is what's known as a human ____31____. For tens of thousands of years, it has been a key way that parents teach children about values and how to ____32____. Modern hunter-gatherer groups use ____33____ to teach sharing, respect for others and conflict avoidance. With the Agta, a hunter-gatherer population of the Philippines’ good storytelling skills are ____34____ more than hunting skills or medicinal knowledge.
Today many parents outsource their oral storytelling to screens, which also ____35____ . We learn best through things that are ____36____ to us. And stories, by their ____37____ , can have lots of things in them that are much more interesting in a way that bare ____38____ don't. Stories with a dash of danger ____39____ kids like magnets （磁石）. And they turn a tension-ridden activity like disciplining into a ____40____ interaction. So don't discount the playfulness of storytelling.
21. A. answer B. defend C. scold D. stare
22. A. run into B. relied on C. dealt with D. applied for
23. A. still B. only C. never D. even
24. A. generation B. season C. destination D. point
25. A. stay away from B. look forward to C. face up to D. put up with
26. A. recommending B. begging C. yelling D. questioning
27. A. contribution B. introduction C. opportunity D. approach
28. A. At least B. At first C. In addition D. For example
29. A. dismiss B. subscribe C. remember D. prove
30. A. familiar B. personal C. similar D. humorous
31. A. universal B. right C. form D. feeling
32. A. differ B. calculate C. change D. behave
33. A. toys B. stories C. videos D. experiments
34. A. affected B. blamed C. distributed D. prized
35. A. declines B. works C. exists D. ends
36. A. important B. available C. interesting D. obvious
37. A. purpose B. size C. nature D. side
38. A. prediction B. imagination C. performances D. statements
39. A. consist of B. pull in C. pay off D. turn down
40. A. playful B. careful C. doubtful D. painful
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. B 36. C 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了因纽特人管教孩子的独特方式——讲故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是如果你不责骂或者生气地说话，你如何管教？A. answer回答；B. defend防御，辩护；C. scold责骂；D. stare凝视。根据上一句中“they shouldn't yell at kids”可知，管教孩子时父母会责骂孩子，对他们大吼。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：几千年以来，因纽特人一直依靠一种古老的方法：讲故事。A. run into撞上；B. relied on依靠，依赖；C. dealt with处理；D. applied for申请。根据“For thousands of years”可知，几千年以来，因纽特人“依靠”讲故事这种方法。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：为改善孩子的行为而设计，有时甚至能挽救他们的生命，口头故事从一代传给下一代。A. still仍然；B. only仅仅；C. never从不；D. even甚至。“improve kids’ behaviors”与“save their lives”是递进关系，所以此处指“甚至”。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为改善孩子的行为而设计，有时甚至能挽救他们的生命，口头故事从一代传给下一代。A. generation一代人；B. season季节；C. destination目的地；D. point点，观点。根据上文“For thousands of years”及“passed down from one ___4___ to the next”可知，口头故事被一代代地传递下去。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：例如，你如何教孩子远离海洋？A. stay away from远离；B. look forward to期望；C. face up to面对；D. put up with忍受。根据下文“Don't go near the water!”可知，此处是指“远离”海洋。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不是大喊：“不要靠近水！”，因纽特人的父母采用一种独特的方法，给孩子讲一个故事，关于水里面有什么。A. recommending推荐；B. begging乞求，乞讨；C. yelling吼叫；D. questioning质问。根据文章第一段第一句“all moms and dads know they shouldn't yell at kids”及空后“Don't go near the water!”可知，因纽特人的父母不会像其他父母那样对孩子大吼“不要靠近水”，而是给孩子讲故事。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不是大喊：“不要靠近水！”，因纽特人的父母采用一种独特的方法，给孩子讲一个故事，关于水里面有什么。A. contribution贡献；B. introduction介绍；C. opportunity机会；D. approach方法，方式。根据空后“tell kids a special story about what's inside the water”可知，因纽特人的父母采用一种独特的“方法”，与上文中“tool”同义。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：起初，我认为这些故事对孩子来说太吓人了。A. At least至少；B. At first起初，首先；C. In addition另外；D. For example例如。根据下文“my initial reaction”及“But my opinion changed after…”可知，“起初”作者认为这些故事对孩子来说太吓人，后来改变了看法。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我初始的反应是不理会它们。A. dismiss解散，不理会；B. subscribe订阅，捐款；C. remember记得；D. prove证明。根据“those stories seemed to me too scary for little children”可知，作者认为故事不适合孩子，初始反应是“不理会”它们。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是在我看了自己的女儿对类似故事的反应后，我的看法改变了。A. familiar熟悉的；B. personal个人的；C. similar类似的；D. humorous幽默的。此处指与上文提到的“类似的”故事。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：口头讲故事是人类共有的特质。A. universal一般性，共有的特质；B. right权利；C. form形式；D. feeling感觉。根据下文“For tens of thousands of years, it has been a key way…Modern hunter-gatherer groups use…”可知，口头讲故事是人类几千年来共有的特质。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几千年以来，它是父母教导孩子价值观和行为举止的关键方法。A. differ使不同；B. calculate计算；C. change改变；D. behave表现，举止。根据“parents teach children about values”可知，此处指父母教导孩子的行为举止，故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现代的以狩猎为生的群体使用故事来教授分享，尊重别人和避免冲突。A. toys玩具；B. stories故事；C. videos录像，视频；D. experiments实验。本段第一句提到“Oral storytelling is what's known as a human ___11___.”此处是描述讲故事在现代以狩猎为生的群体中的运用。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：菲律宾以狩猎为生的人口的讲故事技能比狩猎技能和医疗知识更受重视。A. affected影响；B. blamed责备；C. distributed分配；D. prized重视。根据上文“Modern hunter-gatherer groups use ___13___ to teach sharing, respect for others and conflict avoidance.”可知，他们更“重视”讲故事的技能。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今很多父母把口头讲故事外包给大荧幕，这也起作用。A. declines下降；B. works起作用；C. exists存在；D. ends结束。此处表示“起作用”。故选B项。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过对我们来说有趣的事情，我们能学的最好。A. important重要的的；B. available可得到的；C. interesting有趣的；D. obvious明显的。根据下一句中“much more interesting”可知，此处指“有趣的”。故选C项。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：故事，通过它们的本质，可以有很多更有趣的事情，是直白的叙述所没有的。A. purpose目的；B. size尺寸；C. nature天性，本质；D. side边，侧面。此处指故事“本质上”包含了很多事情。故选C项。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：故事，通过它们的本质，可以有很多更有趣的事情，是直白的叙述所没有的。A. prediction预测；B. imagination想象；C. performances表演；D. statements叙述。此处与“stories”形成对比，表示直白的“叙述”。故选D项。
【39题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一点危险的故事像磁石一样吸引孩子。A. consist of由……组成；B. pull in吸引，（车）进站；C. pay off还清；D. turn down拒绝，调低。根据“like magnets”可知，此处指“吸引”孩子。故选B项。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们把像管教之类的紧张的活动变得轻松好玩。A. playful嬉戏的，好玩的；B. careful仔细的，小心的；C. doubtful怀疑的；D. painful痛苦的。根据下一句中“playfulness of storytelling”可知，讲故事寓教于乐，将管教变得轻松好玩。故选A项。
单项选择（共30小题, 每小题1分, 共30分）
41. They_____________ me with conflicting accounts of what happened.
A. confused B. refused C. produced D. reduced
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们用相互矛盾的叙述把我弄糊涂了。A. confused使迷惑，使糊涂；B. refused拒绝；C. produced生产；D. reduced减少。由with conflicting accounts of what happened可知，空格处应表达“使迷惑，使糊涂”，故用confused。故选A。
42. For most of his_____________, he was a producer for an acting company.
A. chapter B. canteen C. career D. cancer
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他职业生涯的大部分时间里，他都是一家演艺公司的制片人。A. chapter篇章；B. canteen餐厅；C. career短缺；D. cancer癌症。根据“he was a producer for an acting company”可知，作为制片人是与职业生涯有关的，故选C。
43. The teacher had_____________ to educate the students mildly but failed.
A. extended B. intended C. pretended D. tended
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：老师本打算温和地教育学生，但失败了。A. extended延伸、扩展；B. intended打算；C. pretended假装；D. tended倾向于。固定短语had intended to do sth表示“本打算做某事”，符合句子和句意。故选B。
44. Mary worked here as a_____________ secretary and ended up getting a full-time job with the company.
A. straight B. temporary C. complex D. guilty
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：玛丽在这里做临时秘书，最后在这家公司找到了一份全职工作。A. straight直接的；B. temporary临时的、暂时的；C. complex复杂的；D. guilty内疚的、有罪的。根据“ended up getting a full-time job”可知，玛丽一开始不是全职秘书，而是临时的。故选B。
45. In this article, you need to back up general statements with_____________ examples.
A. specific B. remote C. severe D. absent
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在本文中，您需要用明确的示例来支持总的陈述。A. specific具体的，明确的；B. remote遥远的；C. severe严峻的；D. absent缺席的。结合句意可知，此处指“明确的示例”，应用形容词specific作定语，修饰examples。故选A。
46. She has already tried her best. Please do not be too _____________ her job.
A. aware of B. blessed with C. addicted to D. particular about
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：她已经尽力了。请不要对她的工作太挑剔。A. (be) aware of意识到，察觉到；B. (be) blessed with幸运地拥有；C. (be) addicted to沉迷于，对……上瘾；D. (be) particular about对……挑剔。根据“She has already tried her best.”可推知，此处是想基于她尽力了的事实，建议不要对她的工作太挑剔。故选D。
47. Before birth, babies can _____________ their mother’s voice from that of a female stranger.
A. distinguish B. qualify C. purchase D. commit
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在出生前，婴儿可以辨别出母亲的声音和陌生女性的声音。A. distinguish辨别出；B. qualify(使)有资格/权利；C. purchase购买；D. commit承诺。根据“their mother’s voice from that of a female stranger”可推知，此处是描述婴儿出生前辨别声音的能力，应该是能“辨别出”母亲的声音和陌生女性的声音，动词短语distinguish…from…表示“辨别出……和……，把……和……区分开来”。故选A。
48. Don’t_____________ your skin to too much sunshine.
A expose B. explore C. explode D. export
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不要让你的皮肤暴露在太多的阳光下。A. expose暴露，接触；B. explore探索；C. explode爆炸；D. export出口。根据后文“your skin to too much sunshine”指皮肤暴露在阳光下，故选A。
49. There is only one word to describe Chinese women’s football team as_____________. Especially, they beat their opponents in the final.
A. average B. awful C. awesome D. ashamed
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：只有一个词可以形容中国女足的厉害，尤其是她们在决赛中击败了对手。A. average平均的；B. awful糟糕的；C. awesome令人惊叹的；D. ashamed惭愧的。根据“they beat their opponents in the final”可知，中国女足是“厉害的，了不起的，令人惊叹的”，故选C。
50. According to scientists, our mental abilities begin to_____________ from the age of 27 after reaching the highest level at 22.
A. decline B. deserve C. demonstrate D. demand
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据科学家的说法，我们的智力在22岁达到最高水平后，从27岁开始下降。A. decline衰退，减少；B. deserve值得；C. demonstrate证明；D. demand需要。根据句意，心智能力在22岁达到最高水平后，27岁之后应该是衰退的。故选A。
51. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, families gather to_____________ the moon and enjoy moon cake.
A. ignore B. wipe C. bite D. admire
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在中秋节期间，一家人聚在一起赏月和吃月饼。根据During the Mid-Autumn Festival可知，一家人在中秋节期间应是赏月亮吃月饼。故选D项。
52. He always goes to bed at ten—he is a_____________ of habit.
A. crop B. colleague C. creature D. cruelty
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他经常十点就睡觉了——他是个墨守成规的人。A. crop庄稼；B. colleague同事；C. creature生物；D. cruelty残酷。根据句意可知，经常十点就睡觉的人已经养成这一习惯，因此是一个墨守成规的人，a creature of habit意为“墨守成规的人”。C项符合句意。故选C。
53. Travelers on a tight_____________ might prefer to backpack.
A. budget B. border C. brand D. bunch
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：预算紧张的旅行者可能更喜欢背包旅行。A. budget预算；B. border边界；C. brand品牌；D. bunch束，串。根据“might prefer to backpack”可知，此处指“预算紧张的旅行者”，故选A。
54. Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is_____________ to make a good researcher.
A. unlikely B. visible C. obvious D. efficient
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：缺乏持久力和毅力的人不可能成为一个好的研究人员。A. unlikely不可能的；B. visible看得见的；C. obvious显而易见的；D. efficient效率高的。根据句意，缺乏持久力和毅力是不可能成为一个好的研究人员的，动词短语be unlikely to do意为“不可能做某事”，符合句子和句意。故选A。
55. The book gives us some fascinating _____________ into life in China.
A. relics B. insights C. plastics D. consequences
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这本书让我们对中国的生活有了一些生动的深入了解。A. relics遗迹，遗物；B. insights了解，洞悉；C. plastics塑料；D. consequences结果，后果。根据“into life in China”可推知，此处是描述这本书的用处，应该是让人对中国的生活有了“了解”，短语give sb. insights into表示“使某人深入了解”。故选B。
56. As everyone knows_____________ is an important part of language, just like bricks in a building
A. wealth B. vocabulary C. evidence D. principle
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：众所周知，词汇是语言的重要组成部分，就像建筑物中的砖块一样。A. wealth财富；B. vocabulary词汇；C. evidence证据；D. principle原则、准则。分析句意，语言的重要组成部分应该是词汇。故选B。
57. The belief that the world is flat is not_____________.
A. scientific B. vast C. distinct D. enormous
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：认为世界是平的这种看法是不科学的。A. scientific科学的；B. vast巨大的；C. distinct有区别的；D. enormous巨大的。根据常识可知，世界是球形的，因此认为世界是平的这一看法是不科学的。A项符合句意。故选A。
58. English is one of the_____________ languages used in India.
A. extraordinary B. remarkable C. casual D. official
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：英语是印度使用的官方语言之一。A. extraordinary异乎寻常的；B. remarkable非凡的；C. casual随便的；D. official官方的，正式的。由语境和常识可知，英语是印度使用的官方语言之一。空格处应表达“官方”，故用official。故选D。
59. Is there a _____________ between smoking and lung disease
A. link B. lift C. layer D. lack
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：吸烟和肺部疾病之间有联系吗？A. link联系；B. lift鼓舞；C. layer层，层次；D. lack缺乏。根据“between smoking and lung disease”可推知，此处是对吸烟和肺部疾病之间是否有“联系”进行提问。故选A。
60. Most people work because it is unavoidable. _____________, there are some people who actually enjoy work.
A. By contrast B. By turns C. For instance D. What if
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：大多数人工作是因为这是不可避免的。相比之下，有些人确实喜欢工作。A. By contrast相比之下；B. By turns轮流地，交替地；C. For instance例如，比如；D. What if要是……会怎么样。根据空处前后两个句子描述的不同人群对工作的不同态度可知，By contrast“相比之下”符合题意，用于对比不同想法、概念、观点或事物之间的区别。故选A。
61. The villages received weak TV_____________ in old days.
A. symbols B. symptoms C. signals D. singles
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：过去这些村庄的电视信号很弱。A. symbols符号、象征；B. symptoms症状、征兆；C. signals信号；D. singles单身者、单程票。分析句意，应该是指过去这些村庄收到的电视信号都是很微弱的。故选C。
62. To overcome a_____________ of medical staff, 10 doctors have been employed from overseas.
A. majority B. storage C. shortage D. minority
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了克服缺乏受过训练的医务人员，已从海外聘请10名医生。A. majority大多数；B. storage存储；C. shortage短缺；D. minority少数。根据“10 doctors have been employed from overseas”可知，受过训练的医务人员是短缺的，故选C。
63. What is food to one man may be_____________ to another.
A. prison B. poison C. award D. reward
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对一个人来说是食物的东西对另一个人来说可能是毒药。A. prison监狱；B. poison毒物，毒药；C. award奖品；D. reward奖励。根据上文“What is food to one man may be”可知想表达的是对一个人来说是食物的东西对另一个人来说可能是毒药，故选B。
64. Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature, thus creating a_____________ environment.
A. entire B. massive C. stable D. desperate
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：水可以吸收和释放大量的热量，而温度不会发生大的变化，从而创造了一个稳定的环境。A. entire全部的；B. massive大量的；C. stable稳定的；D. desperate绝望的。根据上文“Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature, thus creating”可知，水可以吸收和释放大量的热量，而温度不会发生大的变化，从而创造了一个稳定的环境。故选C。
65. You don’t need to_____________ the blame for their failure.
A. balance B. shape C. shoulder D. harvest
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你不必为他们的失败承担责任。A. balance平衡；B. shape塑造；C. shoulder承担；D. harvest收获。动词短语shoulder the blame for表示“为……承担责任”，符合句子和句意。故选C。
66. I would be_____________ if you could give me a kind consideration.
A. graceful B. global C. gradual D. grateful
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果您能考虑一下，我将不胜感激。A. graceful优美的；B. global全球的；C. gradual逐渐的；D. grateful感激的。根据后文“if you could give me a kind consideration”指感激对方考虑。故选D。
67. No wonder he is so knowledgeable. He is_____________ about everything around him.
A. cautious B. curious C. concert D. contact
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：难怪他知识渊博，他对周围的一切都有着强烈的求知欲。A. cautious小心的、谨慎的；B. curious好奇的、求知欲强的；C. concert音乐会用的；D. contact供联络的。根据“knowledgeable”可知，他博学的原因应该是对周围的一切都充满好奇，有着强烈的求知欲。故选B。
68. The plan_____________ a great success.
A. removed B. improved C. proved D. approved
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个计划证明是非常成功的。A. removed移除；B. improved提高、改善；C. proved证明；D. approved批准、赞成。根据句意，这个计划应该是证明获得了成功。故选C。
69. The change of_____________ causes the change of quality.
A. economy B. facility C. equality D. quantity
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：数量的变化导致质量的变化。A. economy经济；B. facility设施；C. equality平等；D. quantity数量。由所给句意可知，空格处应表达“数量”，故用quantity。故选D。
70 A whale is a fish. True or_____________
A. failure B. fault C. false D. fright
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：鲸鱼是一条鱼。正确或错误？A. failure失败；B. fault过错；C. false错误的，不正确的；D. fright恐惧。结合True or可知，空格处应表达“错误”，故用false。故选C。
Ⅱ卷（非选择题, 共50分）
语法填空: 阅读下面对话, 按照句子结构的语法和上下文的连贯性要求, 在空格处填入一个适当的词语或使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空。（满分15分）
语法填空：阅读下面对话，按照句子结构的语法和上下文的连贯性要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词语或使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空。
China has once again proved its ___71___ (able) to change the world with the “new four great inventions”: high-speed railways, electronic payments, shared bicycles and online shopping. They’re related to China's high-tech innovation (创新), ___72___ has improved the quality of people’s lives, according to a survey ___73___ (make) by the Belt and Road Research Institute of Beijing Foreign Studies University.
“My wallet is no longer in use. I can buy and eat whatever I want simply with a fingertip on my phone,” said ___74___ university student, adding that “even pancake sellers are using mobile payment”.
The bikes ___75___ (them) are not new, but the operating model of bike-sharing ___76___ (base) on satellite navigation system, mobile payment, big data and other high technologies.
China has entered a new innovative era, thanks to the large amounts of capital China has invested in ___77___ (encourage) innovation, said Bernhard Schwartlander, WHO Representative in China.
It is increasingly clear that China is innovating and no longer copying Western ideas. This is especially true in mobile, where China is leading ___78___ many ways such as social messaging app WeChat, she said. This is partly because China skipped over the PC era and went ___79___ (direct) to mobile. China has a ___80___ (large) mobile use than any other country in the world.
【答案】71. ability
72. which 73. made
74. a 75. themselves
76. is based
77. encouraging
78. in 79. directly
80. larger
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了中国改变世界的“新四大发明”：高速铁路、电子支付、共享单车、网上购物。
【71题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国通过“新四大发明”——高速铁路、电子支付、共享单车和网上购物——再次证明了自己改变世界的能力。proved后接名词作宾语，需要的词义为“能力”，即ability，故填ability。
【72题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：据北京外国语大学“一带一路”研究院的一项调查显示，这与中国的高科技创新有关，科技创新提高了人们的生活质量。本句为非限定性定语从句，代替先行词innovation在非限制性定语从句中作主语应用关系代词which做引导词，故填which。
【73题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：据北京外国语大学“一带一路”研究院的一项调查显示，这与中国的高科技创新有关，科技创新提高了人们的生活质量。句中已有谓语动词has improved，因此make作为非谓语动词，且和逻辑主语survey 之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，故填made。
74题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一名大学生说道，“我的钱包不用了”，他还补充说，“甚至卖煎饼的人也在使用移动支付”。student为可数名词，此处表示泛指一个学生，university是辅音音素开头的单词，因此使用不定冠词a，故填a。
【75题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：自行车本身并不新鲜，但共享单车的运营模式是基于卫星导航系统、移动支付、大数据等高科技。本句为反身代词作bikes的同位语，bikes为复数名词，反身代词用themselves，故填themselves。
【76题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：自行车本身并不新鲜，但共享单车的运营模式是基于卫星导航系统、移动支付、大数据等高科技。空处为句子谓语动词，base和句子主语operating model (单数)之间是被动关系，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填is based。
【77题详解】
考查动名词。句意：世界卫生组织驻华代表Bernhard Schwartlander表示，由于中国在鼓励创新方面投入了大量资金，中国已进入一个新的创新时代。介词in后跟动名词作宾语，故填encouraging。
【78题详解】
考查介词。句意：她说，在移动领域尤其如此，中国在很多方面都处于领先地位，比如社交通讯应用微信。短语in many ways 意为“在许多方面”，故填in。
【79题详解】
考查副词。句意：部分原因是中国跳过了PC时代，直接进入了移动领域。使用副词作状语修饰动词went，需要的词义为“直接地”，故填directly。
【80题详解】
考查形容词的比较级。句意：中国的手机用户比世界上任何其他国家都多。根据下文的than可知，应用形容词的比较级，故填larger。
短文改错（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
81. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改: 在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词。
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。（满分10分）
I’m a fan of reality TV shows and I watch it a lot. My favourite is “The Teenage Boss”, in whom twelve teenagers compete to winning a prize of 20, 000. In each episode, they’re divided two teams and face a challenged task. For example, once they have three days to come up with an original concept for a video game, make an advertisement and present it to a group of expert! The winning team is reward with a cool experience. However, the leader of the losing team must decide that who is most at fault for failing to win. Finally, the judges “fire” one person. The show is really good and I strong recommend it to anyone of my age.
【答案】1. it→them；2. whom→which；3. winning→win； 4. divided 后加 into；5. challenged→challenging；6. have→had；7. expert→experts；8. reward→rewarded；9. 去掉that；10. strong→strongly。
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章描述了作者喜欢观看真人秀节目《青少年老板》，介绍了节目的比赛规则和内容，推荐给同龄人观看。
【详解】1.考查代词。句意：我是电视节目真人秀的粉丝，我经常看这些节目。shows是复数名词，应该用them指代作watch的宾语，故将it改为them。
2.考查定语从句。句意：我最喜欢的节目是《少年老板》，其中12名青少年竞争赢得2万英镑的奖金。“The Teenage Boss”为电视节目，指物，因此引导定语从句的关系代词应为which，故将whom改为which。
3.考查动词不定式。句意：我最喜欢的节目是《少年老板》，其中12名青少年竞争赢得2万英镑的奖金。compete后接动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了赢得奖金而竞争”，故将winning改为win。
4.考查固定搭配。句意：在每一集中，他们被分成两组，并面临一项具有挑战性的任务。固定搭配be divided into意为“被分成”，故在divided 后加 into。
5.考查形容词。句意：在每一集中，他们被分成两组，并面临一项具有挑战性的任务。使用形容词作定语修饰task，词义为“有挑战性的”应为challenging，故将challenged改为challenging。
6.考查时态。句意：例如，曾经他们有三天的时间想出一个电子游戏的原创概念，制作一个广告并将其呈现给一群专家!由once (曾经)可知，谓语动词应使用一般过去时，故将have改为had。
7.考查名词的数。句意：例如，曾经他们有三天的时间想出一个电子游戏的原创概念，制作一个广告并将其呈现给一群专家!由“a group of ”可知，可数名词expert使用复数形式，故将expert改为experts。
8.考查被动语态。句意：获胜的团队将获得很酷的体验奖励。主语the winning team与reward之间为被动关系，应用过去分词和is构成一般现在时的被动语态，故将reward改为rewarded。
9.考查连词。句意：然而，失败队伍的领导必须决定谁是失败的最大过错（者）。使用who引导宾语从句并在从句中作主语，that多余，故去掉that。
10.考查副词。句意：这个节目真的很好，我强烈推荐给我这个年龄的人。使用副词strongly作状语修饰动词recommend，故将strong改为strongly。
书面表达（满分25分）
82. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Lisa打算参加她所在的中文俱乐举办的中文诗歌朗诵比赛，向你寻求参赛建议，请你用英语给她写邮件。
注意：1. 词数120左右，开头和结尾己给出，不计入总词数；
2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Lisa,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Lisa,
I’m delighted to know you are going to take part in a Chinese poetry reciting contest. The fact that you are so interested in Chinese culture makes me happy. Now I’d like to offer you some practical advice.
You should have a thorough understanding of what you are going to read. Only by doing this can you appreciate its beauty. Moreover, correct your pronunciation by listening to Chinese radio programs because all the announcers speak standard Chinese. What’s more, it is a good idea to make some Chinese friends and communicate with them as often as possible, which can improve your spoken Chinese.
Wish you good luck and success.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Lisa写一封邮件，提供参加中文诗歌朗诵比赛的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
比赛：contest→competition
此外：what’s more/moreover→besides
参加：take part in→participate in
高兴：delighted→glad
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：The fact that you are so interested in Chinese culture makes me happy.
拓展句：I’m happy to know that you are so interested in Chinese culture.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The fact that you are so interested in Chinese culture makes me happy. (运用了that引导同位语从句)
[高分句型2] You should have a thorough understanding of what you are going to read. (运用了what引导宾语从句)高二学年英语学科开学考试
（考试时间:120分钟 满分:150分 共5页）
I卷（选择题,本卷共70小题,共100分）
阅读理解（共两节,满分40分）
第一节（共15小题:每小题2分,满分30分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
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1. What website is
A. A study website. B. A shopping website.
C. A database website. D. A dating website.
2. What do Target+ members enjoy while Target members don’t
A. Birthday present. B. Unconditional returns.
C. Access to special sales. D. Unconditional free shipping
3. How much does a Target+ member save on a $150 purchase
A. $1.5. B. $2.5. C. $3. D. $6.
B
Olivia Ries was just seven years old when she and her eight-year-old brother Carter adopted a cheetah(猎豹) in South Africa.
“When my sister and I first learned back in 2009 that species like the cheetah may be extinct in the wild by the time we have kids, it scared us. We knew we had to do something to help them,” says Carter. “There are so many people(young and old alike) who just don’t know what is happening to so many species, just like we didn’t. Olivia and I want to make sure we reach as many people around the world as possible and help them to understand how serious the situation really is.”
To do that, the kids started One More Generation(OMG), an organization with the motto: “Preserving endangered species for one more generation and beyond.”
Now, ten years later, Olivia and Carter have travelled all over the world spreading their message. They’ve been interviewed on national television, participated in marches and fundraisers and won awards for their work. In 2015, they were invited to Vietnam by the United States Embassy to participate in a programme to save rhinos. All that they’ve done for animals and the environment is much too long to list!
“Our number one message to everyone we meet is ‘Remember, anyone can make a difference…if we can, you can too,’” says Olivia. “We want all people to understand that what Carter and I are doing is not necessarily something special; it is something that we all should be doing. You can start small by simply adopting an animal. Do some research on the species you are interested in, and find a good organization offering adoptions. My brother and I take our birthday money and allowance money to adopt animals all the time.”
4. How did Olivia and Carter feel when learning cheetahs faced extinction
A. Angry and guilty. B. Shocked and concerned
C. Anxious and helpless. D. Hopeful and determined
5. What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell about Olivia and Carter
A. They organized activities to raise money. B. They took measures to save rhinos
C. They made efforts to list extinct species. D. They contributed a lot to dying species.
6. What do Olivia’s words suggest
A. Anyone can help by starting small B. Anyone can do something special.
C. Anyone should do research on species D. Anyone should donate to adoption organizations.
7. If you’re to offer Olivia a gift, which might she expect most
A. Adopting a panda in the name of both her and me. B. Making her a furry dog with my own hands
C. Buying her a doll of the latest style. D. Mailing her a handmade postcard.
C
The waters around the Galapagos Islands, a hot spot of biodiversity off the coast of Ecuador, have been invaded by more alien species than previously thought.
While the number of invasive species on land is well-documented, relatively little was known about those in the marine environment.
Now field surveys have found 48 invasive species off the coasts of the islands, in addition to five known non-native species. These creatures probably got a free ride on ships from around the world.
These surveys were undertaken only in certain hahitats around two of the larger islands, so the actual number of invasive species is likely to be much greater. “From our knowledge of similar studies, I wouldn’t be surprised if the number was twice as many,” says team member Jim Carlton of Williams College in Massachusetts.
The alien species included worms, mussels crabs and sea squirts. There were also tiny moss (苔藓)animals, such as Amathia verticillata, which kills seagrass and messes up fishing equipment.
Seventeen of the newly-identified invaders had been spotted around the Galapagos Islands before, but bad been wrongly thought to have been native species.
The influence of these alien species on the islands’ ecosystems is not yet known. But it is likely to be damaging judging from experiences elsewhere, and could threaten hundreds of local species on the islands. “What we know is that a number of these invasive species clearly have had serious effects elsewhere in the world,” says Carlton.
Invasions in other places suggest that even more harmful species could soon be headed for the waters of the Galapagos Islands, the team warns, including soft corals (珊瑚虫)that could grow rapidly over local coral, and the possibility of poisonous lionfish crossing from the Caribbean through the Panama Canal.
The Galaparos Marine Reserve is now protected, but it will be hard to stop further invaders because it is difficult to check for tiny species on the bottom of every visiting boat.
8. How many invasive species have been found off the coasts of the Galapagos Islands
A. 5 B. 43 C. 48 D. 53
9 What can be learned about Amathia verticillata
A. It mainly feeds on worms and lionfish.
B. It’ll be harmful to the fishing industry.
C. It was the earliest invader found in Ecuador.
D. It makes up the majority of invasive species.
10. What’s the seventh paragraph mainly about
A. The damage of local species. B. The ecosystem around Ecuador.
C. The impact of invasive species. D. The number of invasive species.
11. Why is it difficult to prevent further invasion
A. Alien species are spreading quickly. B. Many ships visit the islands illegally.
C. It’s hard to identify very small species. D. There is a lack of men needed for the job.
D
T. S. Eliot wrote of “Distracted from distraction by distraction /Filled with fancies and empty of meaning.” T. S. Eliot never had a smartphone.
Neither did I for a long time. No Facebook account; not even email. But according to my date of manufacture, I’m supposed to be a digital native. Perhaps it’s because by the age of 20 I was living in the Welsh countryside with no signal and no Wi-Fi.
When I finally fell into the digital world, I fell hard. Unlike my friends for whom social media and mobile technology had grown and flowered around them, for me it was a sudden immersion. I got Facebook, Twitter and Gmail accounts at the same time that I got an iPhone 4. I would check my phone; five minutes later I would check my phone again. I was addicted and it started to affect my relationships with friends and family
One night, without a word, I abandoned my iPhone and bought a Nokia 3310 and became the talk of the town. Soon I became aware that not only had I stolen secret time back from the hurried days, but somehow a secret space as well. I could stretch out, free to think again, to be wholly creative and to learn meaningfully.
But, wherever I went I got bloody lost. Wandering blindly around London, only to miss appointments, became a frequent pastime (消遣). What did we do before Google Maps I was useless. The change was worth it, though. I’ll sound like an overstatement but I think it changed my life. My choices are broader and healthier because I’m not being screamed at all day.
I bought a new Samsung phone last week. I had been scared of the rate of progress, crying: “Stop the train! Stop the madness.” But I want to be part of building the future, and to do that, you’ve got to swim in contemporary waters. Rejecting the modern world doesn’t help anyone. It slows you down and I need to be efficient. Time will tell whether I’ve mastered the wisdom to reject constantly checking my phone.
12. What can be learned about the author when she lived in the Welsh countryside
A. She read a lot of T. S. Eliot. B. She had no friends to talk with.
C. She had no access to the Internet. D. She was afraid of the digital world.
13. Why did the author buy the Nokia 3310
A. She thought she needed a spare phone. B. She found her iPhone stopped working.
C. She wanted to attract people’s attention. D. She hoped to break her smartphone addiction.
14. What happened after the author used the Nokia 3310
A. She led a simple and healthy life. B. She found her life was in a mess.
C. She spent more time with her friends. D. She became an example for other people.
15 For what purpose did the author buy the Samsung phone
A. To seek wisdom. B. To stop her madness.
C. To keep pace with the times. D. To get back to the real world.
第二节.（共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tips on Handling Rejection in Your Career
I have experienced many noes in my life. And yet the noes haven't held me back. ___16___Whenever I get a no, I view it as an invitation-to explore new ways to cooperate, perhaps at another time.
Most importantly, noes encourage my persistence(坚持不懈). ___17___
Don't take the no personally. It's just business. Don't allow yourself to feel useless because someone rejects your application or says that they don't see an opportunity to work with you. As far as I'm concerned, it may have been a case of bad timing.
Don't shy away from being persistent. Persistence in the face of challenges, failures, and unexpected situations is the mark of a good employee.___18___This extra effort may even get you noticed as displaying a valuable quality.
Be respectful. You won't get anywhere if you respond to a rejection with a hurt or bitter response. Honor the other person. Even if the final response is no, let the other party know you are still interested in working with them should an opportunity arise.
Be aware of cultural standards. Keep in mind that cultural standards regarding persistence vary. In some countries, it's perfectly OK to email someone twice a month to keep in touch with them.___19___So, study up on the culture in which you want to take part and respect its rules.
I will continue to receive noes throughout my life. But I'm not afraid of them. ___20___For me, that's been an important part of my career advancement and professional development.
A. Instead, they've served as an inspiration to me.
B. I've built up my resistance to noes by being persistent.
C. However, constant phone calls are improper sometimes.
D. There's nothing wrong with a follow-up email or phone call.
E. On the contrary, people might consider it polite and favorable.
F. But that might be seen as rude and invasive in other countries.
G. To be persistent in the face of noes, I'd like to share a few rules.
完形填空（共20小题:每小题1.5分,满分30分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中, 选台可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Now at some level, all moms and dads know they shouldn't yell at kids. But if you don't ___21___or talk angrily, how do you discipline（管教）？
For thousands of years, the Inuit have ___22___ an ancient tool： storytelling. Designed to improve kids’ behaviors and sometimes ___23___ save their lives, oral stories are passed down from one ___24___ to the next. For example, how do you teach kids to ___25___ the ocean Instead of ___26___, “Don't go near the water!” Inuit parents take a unique ___27___ and tell kids a special story about what's inside the water. ___28___, those stories seemed to me too scary for little children. And my initial reaction was to ___29___ them. But my opinion changed after I watched my own daughter's response to ____30____ tales——and after I learned more about humanity’s complex relationship with storytelling.
Oral storytelling is what's known as a human ____31____. For tens of thousands of years, it has been a key way that parents teach children about values and how to ____32____. Modern hunter-gatherer groups use ____33____ to teach sharing, respect for others and conflict avoidance. With the Agta, a hunter-gatherer population of the Philippines’ good storytelling skills are ____34____ more than hunting skills or medicinal knowledge.
Today many parents outsource their oral storytelling to screens, which also ____35____ . We learn best through things that are ____36____ to us. And stories, by their ____37____ , can have lots of things in them that are much more interesting in a way that bare ____38____ don't. Stories with a dash of danger ____39____ kids like magnets （磁石）. And they turn a tension-ridden activity like disciplining into a ____40____ interaction. So don't discount the playfulness of storytelling.
21. A. answer B. defend C. scold D. stare
22. A. run into B. relied on C. dealt with D. applied for
23. A. still B. only C. never D. even
24. A. generation B. season C. destination D. point
25. A. stay away from B. look forward to C. face up to D. put up with
26. A. recommending B. begging C. yelling D. questioning
27. A. contribution B. introduction C. opportunity D. approach
28. A. At least B. At first C. In addition D. For example
29. A. dismiss B. subscribe C. remember D. prove
30. A. familiar B. personal C. similar D. humorous
31. A. universal B. right C. form D. feeling
32. A. differ B. calculate C. change D. behave
33. A. toys B. stories C. videos D. experiments
34. A. affected B. blamed C. distributed D. prized
35. A. declines B. works C. exists D. ends
36. A. important B. available C. interesting D. obvious
37. A. purpose B. size C. nature D. side
38. A. prediction B. imagination C. performances D. statements
39. A. consist of B. pull in C. pay off D. turn down
40. A. playful B. careful C. doubtful D. painful
单项选择（共30小题, 每小题1分, 共30分）
41. They_____________ me with conflicting accounts of what happened.
A. confused B. refused C. produced D. reduced
42. For most of his_____________, he was a producer for an acting company.
A. chapter B. canteen C. career D. cancer
43. The teacher had_____________ to educate the students mildly but failed.
A. extended B. intended C. pretended D. tended
44. Mary worked here as a_____________ secretary and ended up getting a full-time job with the company.
A. straight B. temporary C. complex D. guilty
45. In this article, you need to back up general statements with_____________ examples.
A. specific B. remote C. severe D. absent
46. She has already tried her best. Please do not be too _____________ her job.
A. aware of B. blessed with C. addicted to D. particular about
47. Before birth, babies can _____________ their mother’s voice from that of a female stranger.
A. distinguish B. qualify C. purchase D. commit
48. Don’t_____________ your skin to too much sunshine.
A. expose B. explore C. explode D. export
49. There is only one word to describe Chinese women’s football team as_____________. Especially, they beat their opponents in the final.
A. average B. awful C. awesome D. ashamed
50. According to scientists, our mental abilities begin to_____________ from the age of 27 after reaching the highest level at 22.
A. decline B. deserve C. demonstrate D. demand
51. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, families gather to_____________ the moon and enjoy moon cake.
A. ignore B. wipe C. bite D. admire
52. He always goes to bed at ten—he is a_____________ of habit.
A. crop B. colleague C. creature D. cruelty
53. Travelers on a tight_____________ might prefer to backpack.
A. budget B. border C. brand D. bunch
54. Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is_____________ to make a good researcher.
A. unlikely B. visible C. obvious D. efficient
55. The book gives us some fascinating _____________ into life in China.
A. relics B. insights C. plastics D. consequences
56. As everyone knows_____________ is an important part of language, just like bricks in a building
A. wealth B. vocabulary C. evidence D. principle
57. The belief that the world is flat is not_____________.
A. scientific B. vast C. distinct D. enormous
58. English is one of the_____________ languages used in India.
A. extraordinary B. remarkable C. casual D. official
59. Is there a _____________ between smoking and lung disease
A. link B. lift C. layer D. lack
60. Most people work because it is unavoidable. _____________, there are some people who actually enjoy work.
A. By contrast B. By turns C. For instance D. What if
61. The villages received weak TV_____________ in old days.
A. symbols B. symptoms C. signals D. singles
62. To overcome a_____________ of medical staff, 10 doctors have been employed from overseas.
A. majority B. storage C. shortage D. minority
63. What is food to one man may be_____________ to another.
A. prison B. poison C. award D. reward
64. Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature, thus creating a_____________ environment.
A. entire B. massive C. stable D. desperate
65. You don’t need to_____________ the blame for their failure.
A. balance B. shape C. shoulder D. harvest
66. I would be_____________ if you could give me a kind consideration.
A. graceful B. global C. gradual D. grateful
67. No wonder he is so knowledgeable. He is_____________ about everything around him.
A cautious B. curious C. concert D. contact
68. The plan_____________ a great success.
A. removed B. improved C. proved D. approved
69. The change of_____________ causes the change of quality.
A. economy B. facility C. equality D. quantity
70. A whale is a fish. True or_____________
A. failure B. fault C. false D. fright
Ⅱ卷（非选择题, 共50分）
语法填空: 阅读下面对话, 按照句子结构的语法和上下文的连贯性要求, 在空格处填入一个适当的词语或使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空。（满分15分）
语法填空：阅读下面对话，按照句子结构的语法和上下文的连贯性要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词语或使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空。
China has once again proved its ___71___ (able) to change the world with the “new four great inventions”: high-speed railways, electronic payments, shared bicycles and online shopping. They’re related to China's high-tech innovation (创新), ___72___ has improved the quality of people’s lives, according to a survey ___73___ (make) by the Belt and Road Research Institute of Beijing Foreign Studies University.
“My wallet is no longer in use. I can buy and eat whatever I want simply with a fingertip on my phone,” said ___74___ university student, adding that “even pancake sellers are using mobile payment”.
The bikes ___75___ (them) are not new, but the operating model of bike-sharing ___76___ (base) on satellite navigation system, mobile payment, big data and other high technologies.
China has entered a new innovative era, thanks to the large amounts of capital China has invested in ___77___ (encourage) innovation, said Bernhard Schwartlander, WHO Representative in China.
It is increasingly clear that China is innovating and no longer copying Western ideas. This is especially true in mobile, where China is leading ___78___ many ways such as social messaging app WeChat, she said. This is partly because China skipped over the PC era and went ___79___ (direct) to mobile. China has a ___80___ (large) mobile use than any other country in the world.
短文改错（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
81. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改: 在错词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词。
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。（满分10分）
I’m a fan of reality TV shows and I watch it a lot. My favourite is “The Teenage Boss”, in whom twelve teenagers compete to winning a prize of 20, 000. In each episode, they’re divided two teams and face a challenged task. For example, once they have three days to come up with an original concept for a video game, make an advertisement and present it to a group of expert! The winning team is reward with a cool experience. However, the leader of the losing team must decide that who is most at fault for failing to win. Finally, the judges “fire” one person. The show is really good and I strong recommend it to anyone of my age.
书面表达（满分25分）
82. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Lisa打算参加她所在的中文俱乐举办的中文诗歌朗诵比赛，向你寻求参赛建议，请你用英语给她写邮件。
注意：1. 词数120左右，开头和结尾己给出，不计入总词数；
2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Lisa,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
