2024届高三英语一轮复习状语从句复习导学案
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Adverbial Clause (状语从句复习)
在高考语法填空，考查引导状语从句的从属连词。根据状语从句在句中的不同作用可分为：①时间状语从句，②地点状语从句，③原因状语从句，④条件状语从句，⑤目的状语从句，⑥结果状语从句，⑦让步状语从句，⑧比较状语从句，⑨方式状语从句。
I.状语从句的类型：
状语从句的种类 引导状语从句常用的从属连词。
1.时间状语从句 when (当......时候), while(当......时候, 在......期间), as(随着......，一边.....一边.....), before(在......之前), after(在......之后), since(自从......以来), till/ until,(直到)， once(一旦.....就) as soon as(一......就), hardly….when….., no sooner... than..., the moment, the minute, the second, the instant+句子, 副词immediately, directly, instantly+句子, every time(每次), each time, any time(任何时候), next time(下次), the first time, the second time, the last time, by the time
2.地点状语从句 where(在......的地方), wherever(在任何地方),
3.原因状语从句 because(因为), as (由于), since(既然), now that(既然)
4.条件状语从句 if(如果), unless=if...not(除非，如果不), as/so long as (只要), in case (万一, 如果, 假设), on condition that (在...条件下), given that.....(考虑到.....)
5.结果状语从句 so…that…(如此…以致), such…that...(如此…以致), so that (以致，结果), such that (以致，结果), so (因此)
6.目的状语从句 so that 以便...，为了..., (句中), in order that以便...，为了... (句首/句中) , for fear that唯恐, in case (that) 以防+should do 以便，以免......
7.让步状语从句 though/although(虽然), while(虽然), 形容词/副词/名词/动词原形+as/though+主语+谓语, even if/ even though (即使), whether...or(无论是…还是…), no matter +疑问词
8.比较状语从句 as...as (和......一样), not so/as...as (和...不一样), ...than... (......比.....), the more...the more...(越......越......), as+adj.+a/an+n.+as (与......一样)
9.方式状语从句 as (像，按照), as if / though(似乎，好像), just as(正如,像......一样)
II.真题探究：语法填空，在横线上填入适当的连词。
1.(2023新高考1) The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the ____________(hot) the spring!
2.(2022新高考1) ____________ __ it is the only unnatural thing on your way up mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure which offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs.
3.(2021全国卷乙) It was not widely accepted as a travel concept __________ the late 1980.
4.(2020全国卷III) _________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.
5.(2020浙江卷) Farming produced more food per person __________ hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children.
6.(2020江苏卷) They decide to have more workers for the project ________ that it won’t be delayed.
7.(2020天津卷) -Why do people like pop music I hate it so much.
-Even _______ it is not your style, that doesn’t mean it is bad.
8.(2020天津卷) ________ he could give her sympathy, any practical help was almost beyond him.
9.(2019全国卷III) On our way to the house, it was raining ________ hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long is would take to get there.
一、时间状语从句
1.when,while和as引导的时间状语从句用法的区别。
when,while,as都“当...时候”。若主句表示的是一个短暂性的动作，而从句表示的是一个持续性动作。
连词 When,while和as用法的区别
when when “当…时候，每当”，引导时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的或短暂性动词连用。从句的动作可以发生在主句的动作之前、之后或同时发生。 when常用于下列句型： ① was/were doing …when… 正在做…这时… I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. 我和我的三个孩子吃早饭突然水开始涌进家中。(Book 1 Unit 4 Natural Disasters) ② was/were going to do...when...正要做…这时 ③ was/were about to do…when...正要做…这时 ④ was/were on the point of doing...when... 正要做…这时 ⑤ had just done sth...when...刚......突然就...... ⑥ hardly…when…/ 一…...就…... ⑦ when it comes to n/doing…当谈到…时，……
while ① while “当...时侯，与…..同时，在.....期间”， while后面从句的谓语动作必须是延续性动词。 从句动作与主句动作同时发生。 Eg:Don’t read books while you are eating. 吃东西的时候不要看书。 ② while用作并列连词，“然而，但是”，表示对比转折。 ③ while doing sth, …do/does/ did当正在做，这时
as as 表示“一边……一边…, 随着…”的意思。as从句使用持续性和短暂性动作，强调主从句动作同时进行。 Eg:Hopefully, as technology improves, we may have more options for managing this balance. (U3 选修4) 希望随着科技的进步，我们有更多的选择来管理这种平衡。
练习： 用when, while和as填空或根据汉语意识完成句子。 1.___________ I finally finished it, the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing. (2023新高考1) 2.____________ the running began, David ran with all his strength. (2022新高考1) 3.___________ it comes to English learning, I have the following practical suggestions to share. 4.I was at the point of breaking down __________ my father came running to help with a knife. (2021浙江读后续写) 5. They were on the point of putting up the tent in the open air ____________ a loud whistle frightened them. 6.One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away ___________ my daughter heard cries for help. 7.He was about to tell me about the secret ___________someone patted him on the shoulder. 8.I had hardly got to the office _____________ my wife phoned me to go back home at once. 9.She had just finished her homework __________ her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday. 10.__________________________ I was walking down the street, I noticed a girl sitting in front of the flower shop. 11. David raised his arms high ___________ he crossed the finish line to wild cheers and applause. (2022新高考1) 12._____________ I started to shout encouragement, other voices around me took up the call. “Come on David, you can do it!” (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷). 13.天色渐暗，他感到一阵不安。 ______________________________________________, a wave of anxiety swept over him. 14.当他冲过终点时，他满脸激动和自豪。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷). ________________________________________________________________________________. 15.当他们的妈妈看到美味完美的早餐摆在她面前时,她惊讶地睁大了眼睛。 ________________________________________________________________________________, she widened her eyes in surprise. (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) 16.妈妈刚睡醒就闻到一阵食物诱人的味道。(2021新高考1) _______________________________________________________________________________. 17. 随着智能手机和电脑的日益普及，更多的学生选择在课堂之外通过各种方式学习英语。 ___________________________________________________________________________, more students are choosing to learn English beyond the classroom in various ways. (2022全国乙卷) 18.当主持人宣布她获奖时，她非常兴奋。 _____________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________.
2.before和since引导的时间状语从句。
引导词 before和since的用法： 例句;
before 在...之前, 还没来得及,才... ①It will be/take +一段时间 + before..... (从句用一般现在时) “过了多久才…”;“多久之后才...” ②It was/took +一段时间+ before... (从句用一般过去时) “过了多久才...” ③It won’t be long before... (从句用一般现在时) “用不了多久就......” ④It wasn’t long before... (从句用一般过去时)“没过多久就......” 1.It didn’t take long ___________I had my head get out of the pumpkin with my dad’s help. (2021浙江卷) 2.______________________________ David picked himself up again and continued his mission.(2022新高考1)没过多久David就重新振作起来，继续他的使命。 3.It will be five years ______ we meet again. 4. The film had already begun _______ they got to the cinema.
since 自从......以来 ①since引导的从句用一般过去时, 谓语是短暂性动作，主句常用现在完成时或一般现在时。 ②It is / has been + 一段时间+since sb did...... (从句常用一般过去时)“自从......以来(到现在) 有多长时间了” 5.Great changes have taken place in our school since you left.自从你离开，我们学校发生了很大的变化。 6.It’s almost five years since we saw each other last time. 我们上次见面差不多五年。
用before, after, since 填空. 1. We need to get to the root of the problem ______________ we can solve it. 2.If you miss this chance, it may be several years ___________ you get another one. 3.The young people, who returned my lost wallet, left ____________ I could ask for their name. 4.You must learn to consult your feeling and your reason _____________ your reach any decision. 5.To my great disappointment, my best friend left the city ____________ I could have a word with her. 6._______________ she graduated, my mother has buried herself in teaching, receiving high praise. (2020全国卷1) 7.As it reported, it is 100 years ____________ Qinghua University was founded. 8.He was told that it would be at least three more months __________he could recover and return to work. 9._____________ I could express my thanks to the traveler, he had already disappeared in the rain. 10._____________ Steve learned about this satisfactory result, a sense of joy and happiness swept over/ flooded over him.
3.till和until引导的时间状语从句。
引导词 till和until的用法：
till/until 直到......为止 ①主句是肯定句，谓语动词用延续性动词(肯定句) +till/ until表示动作延续到某一时间为止。意为 “直到……” 1.I waited for him in the office till/until the meeting was over. 我在办公室等他直到会议结束。
not...until 直到...才... ②主句是否定句时,主句的谓语是短暂性动词, 指动作一直到从句谓语表示的动作发生时才开始, not.....until…… “直到......才......” ③until可以放在句首，而till不能置于句首。 ④not until句型的倒装句:not until 置于句首 ⑤ 强调句：It is/was not until...that... 2.I didn’t know anything about it until you told me.直到你告诉我，我才知道关于这件事情的一切。 3.直到那时我才意识到城实的重要性。 ①____________________________________ ②____________________________________ ___________________.(倒装句) ③___________________________________ ______________________________(强调句)
1.My condition doesn’t allow me to go anywhere ___________ my legs are fully recovered. (2021北京卷) 2.We will keep trying __________________ our dreams come back. 我们将一直努力直到我们的梦想实现。 3.I did not realize my mistake _________ they had a heart-to-heart talk with me. 4.Mary walked along the pathway _____________ she came to huge gardens with wide lawns and winding walks. 玛丽沿着小路走着，来到了有着宽阔草坪和蜿蜒小径的巨大花园。 5.I didn’t realize the importance of English until I entered the high school. → __________________ I enter the high school _________ I realize the importance of English.(倒装句) → __________________ I entered the high school _________ I realize the importance of English.(强调句 6. My son didn’t realize the importance of time until he entered the university. → __________________ my son entered the university ________he realize the importance of time. (倒装句) → __________________ my son entered the university ________ he realize the importance of time. (强调句 7.直到那时，我才明白母爱无价，没有什么能与之相比。 __________________________________________________________________________________________.
4.表示“一......就......”引导的时间状语从句:
①once一旦...就..., as soon as+句子 一...就..., Eg: 1) Once you start, you will never give up.你一旦开始了，就不要放弃。 As soon as he heard the news, he jumped with joy. 一听到这个消息, 他就高兴地跳起来。 ②the moment/the minute/the second/ the instant+句子 ③副词immediately/ directly/ instantly+句子 ④固定句型：hardly….when….., no sooner... than..., ⑤upon/ on +doing/n. (on arriving/ entering/ hearing/seeing/returning) 一......就
1. I believe you will have a wonderful time here ________________ you get to know everyone else. 2.You will be successful in the interview ________________you have confidence. 3.我一打开盒子，就吃惊地睁大眼睛。(读后续写情感描写) ____________________________________________, my eyes widened in astonishment. 4.她一看到熟悉的字迹，便热泪盈眶。 ___________________________________________________, tears welled up in her eyes. 5.这位小女孩一看见她的母亲。脸上就露出灿烂的笑容。 _______________________________________________________ , a bright smile lit up her face/ a bright smile appeared on her face/ her face lit up with a bright smile. 6.David一冲到终点线，全场就爆发出雷鸣般掌声和欢呼声。(2022新高考1) ______________________________________________________________________________，the audience erupted into thunderous applause./thunderous applause and cheers rose from the audience. 7.____________________ had I presented our finds to the class _________ the class burst into applause. (2022.浙江读后续写) 我刚向全班展示完我们的研究成果，全班就爆发出一阵掌声。 8.他刚结束演讲，同学们就欢呼起来。(no sooner...than) ________________________________________________________ the students started cheering. ________________________________________________________the students started cheering. (倒装句) 9.Hardly had the speaker finished his speech ______________ the audience kept asking him questions. 演讲者一结束他的讲话，观众就不停地提问。 10.我们一到达目的地就开始做志愿者工作。(hardly...when倒装句) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 11. On______________ (hear) the shots of the race rang out, everyone just rushed forward, only a small thin bod was struggling behind.(2022新高考.读后续写) 12. ________________________ , Bernard thanked the Meredith family with misty eyes.(2021新高考.读后续写) Bernard一回来就含着眼泪感谢了Meredith 一家。 13.妈妈一看到早餐，就觉得很幸福。 __________________________________________________________________________, the mother felt a wave of happiness welling up within her. _______________________________________________________________________________, the mother felt a wave of happiness welling up within her. _______________________________________, the mother felt a wave of happiness welling up within her.
5.every time, each time, any time, next time, the first time, the
second time, the last time, by the time 引导的时间状语从句。
引导词 例句：
every/each time 每次,每当 any time 任何时候...... next time下次 the first/ second/ last time… 第一/二次/最后一次...的时候 by the time….. 到……时 (by the time从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时； by the time 从句用一般现在时，主句用将来完成时) Eg:They had finished their dinner by the time Sam joined them. (U2,选修2) 当萨姆加入他们时，他们已经吃完饭。 1.每次我经过那间学校，就会想起我的英语老师。 _________________ I pass the school, I will thing of my English teacher. 2. ___________________________________________________, you would turn up in time and gave me a hand. 每次我遇到困难，你都会及时出现并给予我帮助。 3. ____________________________________, I was amazed at his devotion to his career.第一次我见到他，就不得不为他的敬业精神所感动。 4.我记得最后一次你访问我们学校时，你让我看了有关那个主题的照片。 I remember you showed me some photos on that theme _____________ _____________________________________. 5.You are welcome to come back _____________________ you want to. 你想回随时可以回。 6._______________ you go shopping, buy a few extra fruits and vegetables.下次你去买东西，多买些水果和蔬菜。 7.___________________________________________________, Bernard ______________________________all the popcorn.(2020新高考) 夜幕降临时，Bernard已经卖完了所有的爆米花。
6.时间状语从句与强调句的区别:
①It is/It has been+一段时间+since... “自从……以来过了多久了”; ②It is/ was+具体时间点+when... “那是在……时间……发生的”; ③It will be/was+一段时间+before... “要过/已经过了多久才……”; ④It is/was+时间状语+that... 是强调结构。“就是在……时间发生的某事”。 用since, when, before和that填空： 1.It is two years __________ he graduated from college. 2.It was two years ago __________ he graduated from college. 3.It will be two years ____________ he graduates from college. 4.It was the middle of the night __________ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game. 5.It was in the middle of the night ________ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.
II.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A young man, 1_________ traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water. The water was sweet. He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder 2________had been his teacher. After a four-day journey, the young man 3____________ ( present ) the water to the old man. His teacher took a deep drink, smiled 4___________ ( warm ), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. The young man went home 5__________a happy heart.
6__________ the student left, the teacher let another student taste the water. He spit it out, 7__________ (say) it was awful. Apparently, it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container. He asked his teacher, "Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like it " The teacher replied," You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be 8_____________ (sweet).
"We understand this lesson best 9___________we receive gifts of love from children. Whether it is a cheap pipe or a diamond necklace, the proper response is 10.________________ (appreciate). We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing.
二、原因状语从句：
引导词 用法区别： 例句: 用because, since, as, for填空。
because since now that as引导的原因状语从句 for ①because常用来回答why的问题，用because。 ②引导原因状语从句通常放在主句之后。 ③对原因状语进行强调时， 用because. 1.Oceans have a great effect on the world climate ________ they can take in heat from the sun.(2022全国甲卷) 2.It was ___________ she always tries to make her classes lively and interesting that we all respect her.(2021新高考1) 3.参加这个活动很有益，因为它教会了我们劳动的重要性。(2020.全国卷2) It is of great benefit to participate in the activity _________ __________________________________________________. 4.我认为在线学习很方便，因为我们可以随时随地学习。(2021全国乙卷) I consider it convenient to learn online _________________ ___________________________________. 5.________________ you comes from the USA, we’d like to interview you about American diet culture at the studio. (2022新高考1) 6.____________ the film mainly focuses on the development of our school, all are expected to watch it. 7. __________________________________________________, I’m convinced that I am equal to the voluntary work. 因为我精通中国画, 我相信我能胜任这项工作。 8._____________ the Internet is increasingly popular, our life is becoming more colorful. 因为互联网越来越普及，我们的生活变得更加丰富多彩。 _________________________________________________, your suggestions will be greatly helpful to us. (求助信) 因为你喜欢中国传统文化，你的建议将对我们有很大的帮助。 10.I’m wondering how many periods of the course there are each week, ____________I prefer having/ to have some time at my disposal. (询问信) 我想知道这门课每周有几节课，因为我更喜欢有些时间可以自由支配。
since/now that “既然”，表示双方都知道的事实，常放在句首。
as “由于，因为”, 放在主句前。 Eg:As there have been so many different styles of Western art, it is impossible to describe them all in a short text. 由于西方艺术已有如此多不同的风格，所以不可能在一篇简短的文章中将他们全部描述出来。
for由于，起解释说明作用。 for前一般用逗号隔开。
三、地点状语从句
常用连词 例句：
where在…的地方 wherever无论哪里 (=everywhere no matter where ) 1.You’d better not leave the medicine _______________ kids can get it.(2019天津) 2. Today, we will begin ___________ we stopped yesterday so that no will be left out. 3. 无论你到哪里，都要注意你的言行。 _____________________ you go you should mind your behaviours. 4._______________________________, we will try our best and we all want to be the winner. 无论我们的团队在哪里训练，我们都会尽力而为，我们都想成为胜利者。
四、条件状语从句
从句 引导词 例句：
条 件 状 语 从 句 if如果 (I would appreciate it if ...... 如果......我将不胜感激......) unless=if...not除非，如果不 as/so long as 只要 in case 万一, 如果 在条件状语从句中，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。 only if 只有 on condition that 在...条件下 given that.....考虑到..... Eg:Given that Yuan’s hybrids have made him quite wealthy, one might think he would retire to a life of leisure. (U5，选修1)考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能会认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。 用if, unless, as/so long as, in case，given that填空。 1._______ you desire to challenge yourself, there is nothing to do with other’s thoughts. (2022新高考1) 2.如果你每天做一些小的改变，你会变得更加有活力和精神焕发。 _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________. 3._________________________________ you could take my invitation into consideration. (2022新高考1)如果你能考虑我的邀请我将不胜感激。 4.________________________________________ you could take the trouble to give me some guidance. (202全国甲卷求助信) 如果你能费心给我一些指导，我将不胜感激。 5.______________________________, let’s going outing next Sunday. 如果方便的话，我们下周日去郊游。(道歉信) 6.Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents’ opinion ____________ he wants their support. (2019天津卷) 汤姆非常独立，以至于他从来不征求父母的意见，除非他想得到他们的支持。 7.You will never gain success _____________ you are fully devoted to your work. 8.The doctor share his phone number with the patient _____________ they need medical assistance.. 9.只要你有梦想，不断努力你就会成功。 _________________________________________________________ __________________________________________. 10.只要我们有坚强的意志，我们就能克服任何困难。 ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 11.________________ we students need more exercise, our school organized a cross country running race last Sunday. 考虑到我们学生需要更多的锻炼，我校上周日组织了一场越野比赛。
五、目的状语从句：
目 的 状 语 从句 从属连词 用法 例句：用so that, in order that 填空。
so that (句中) in order that (句首/句中) 以便...， 为了... for fear that 唯恐 in case (that) 以防+should do 主句+so that/ in order that+主语+ can/could +动词原形(从句中常与can,may, could, might等情态动词连用) 1.You can ask the teacher speak slowly _________________ you can make sense of what he says. 你可以请老师讲慢一点，这样你就可以理解他讲的内容。 2.I studied day and night in order that I could pass the exam. = ___________I could pass the exam,I studied day and night. =I studied day and night __________________pass the exam. 为了能通过考试，我夜以继日地学习。 3.He always works hard __________________ he may make great progress. 他总是努力地工作，这样他才能取得进步。 4.Would you be so kind to tell me which attracts you most _________ our meeting can gain great success.(2021 全国甲卷)
结果状语从句
结果状语从句 连词 so…that… 如此…以致; such…that...如此…以致 so that 结果; such that 如此…以致; so 因此
结构形式 1.so...that...句型的常见形式： ①so+形容词(adj.)/副词(adv.)+that ②so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that从句 ③so many/few+复数名词+ that ④so much//little+不可数名词+ that Eg. She was so inspired by the people she met online that she decided to start an IT club to teach older people how to use computers and Internet.她受到网友的启发，决定成立一个IT俱乐部来教年长一些的人们学习使用电脑和互联网。
结构形式 2.such...that...句型的常见形式： ①such +a/an+adj+单数可数名词+that从句 ②such+形容词+可数名词复数+ that ③such+形容词+不可数名词+ that 3.当so/such及其后成分放在句首时，主句用部分导致. Eg.So delicious was their popcorn that it was sold out soon.(2020新高考)
1.He is _______smart a boy that he soon gets familiar with the functions of the machine. 2.The exhibition displays _________ wonderful pictures that you can understand the art of traditional Chinese painting better. (2021浙江卷) 这次展览展出非常精彩的画，能让你更好地了解中国国画。 3.Mother was _______________________ her eyes were shinning with tears of great joy. (2021.新高考1卷) __________________________________________her eyes were shinning with tears of great joy.(倒装句) 母亲感动得双眸满是喜悦的泪水。 4.海洋如此重要，我们应该为我们的后代保护它。(2023全国甲卷) _______________________________________________ we should protect it for our future generations. 5.Their father instructed them __________________________ the twins made the breakfast fast and well. _____________________________________________the twins made the breakfast fast and well. (倒装句) 父亲非常耐心地指导,因此双胞胎把早餐做得又快又好。(2021.新高考) 6.____________________________________________________________________________________ it has brought great changes to our life. (2022全国乙卷) 科技发展得很快给我们的生活带来了巨大的变化。 7.这个活动如此有益因此我们都希望以后多举办类似的活动。 __________________________________________ we all hope we should organize more similar activities. 8.你为这次比赛付出了这么多，我深信你一定能成功。(2022新高考1卷) You have worked _________________________________________I deeply believe that you can made it.
七、方式状语从句
从属连词 例句
方 式 状 语 从 句 as 像，按照 as if / though 似乎，好像 just as正如 像......一样 1. “You can’t judge a book by its cover” _________the old saying goes. 2._________ the saying goes, “Roses given, fragrance in hand.” 正如谚语所说：“赠人玫瑰，手留余香。” 3. Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him ______________ he had done something very clever. 4. I remember the whole thing _____________________it happened yesterday. 5.大卫坚持跑步，好像已经忘记了他所有的弱点。(2022年新高考1卷) David insisted on running ______________________________________________.
八、让步状语从句:
让 步 状 语 从 句 从属连词用法 例句：
主句+though/ although/ while引导的让步状语从句 though/although 可与yet, still连用， 但不能与but 连用。 1._______________________________________ she has been teaching English for twenty years, she is still passionate about teaching.(2020新高考1) 2._________________________________________ he was not the champion, he was the best in all of our hearts. (2022新高考1) 3.虽然在线学习有很大的好处,但它的缺点也不容忽视。(2021·全国乙卷) _______________________________________________________________, its disadvantages can not be overlooked. 4.尽管所有的参赛者筋疲力尽，他们都没有半途放弃。(2020新高考1) _____________________________________________________________
as“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。 用于“形容词/副词/名词/动词原形+as/though+主语+谓语”结构中。 (adj./adv./n./v.+ though/as+主语+谓语) 5.虽然网络学习很方便，长时间看屏幕对眼睛有害。 _______________________________________________________, staring at the screen for a long time is harmful to our eyes. 6.任务看起来很艰苦，但我们可以进一分力量来保护海洋免受污染。 _______________________________________________, we can do our part to protect the ocean against further pollution. (2022全国甲卷) 7.虽然在农场干活很辛苦,但我们非常高兴。(2020·全国卷Ⅱ) __________________________________________________________, we felt a great joy from the bottom of our hearts. 8.虽然他还是个孩子，但是在那种困难的处境中显得相当镇静。 _______________________, he looked quite calm in that difficult situation.
even if / even though即使 whether...or(not).. 无论,不管，是…还是… 9.________________________ we achieve great success in our work, we should not be too proud. (2022天津卷) 10.He decided not to give up the race ____________ he won the first place __________. 11.只要你尽最大努力，赢不赢没有关系 _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________.
疑问词+ever... 无论…… =no matter +疑问词...... however+形/副原级 =no matter how+形/副原级 无论如何…… 12. ______________ hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.不管你多么努力，不减少饭量是很难减肥的。 13.________________ great the difficulty is, never will we abandon protecting the ocean.无论有多大的困难，我们绝不会放弃保护海洋。 14.无论比赛多么具有挑战性，所有参赛人员都设法到达终点。 _______________________________________________________________, all participants managed to reach the finish line. (2021新高考1) 15.无论什么时候我学习有困难，我的父亲总是耐心地帮助我。 _______________________________________________________________, my father always helps me patiently. (2020新高考1)
九、比较状语从句：
常用连词 例句:
比 较 状 语 从 句 as...as 像, 是......一样 not so/as...as 和...不一样 ...than... ......比...... the +比较级...the +比较级... 越......就越...... as+adj.+a/an+n.+as 与......一样 1.The work is not so difficult _______ you imagine. (2022全国乙卷) 2.The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times as big _______ the present one. 3.他和我一样勤奋，因此他已取得和我一样的进步。 He is _______________________________, so he _________________. 4.Changjiang River is longer _______any other river/ other rivers. 5.The more diligent you are, ___________________________________. 你越勤奋你将越优秀。 6.________________________, the greater progress you will make. 你越努力，你进步得越快。 7.Generally speaking, ________________you practice, ______________ _______________ you can write in English. 一般来说，你练习得越多，你的英语写作就越娴熟。 8.Though it is over 500 years old, it looks _________________________ _________________the day it was created. 虽然这幅画有500多年了，但它看起来和它刚被创作出来的那天一样崭新，活灵活现。.
十、状语从句的省略
状语从句省略的条件 例句
状 语 从 句 的 省 略 适用从句：时间、让步、条件、方式从句等。 省略条件： ①由when, while, as, once, until引导的时间状语从句； ②If，unless引导的条件状语从句； ③though/although, even if, even though引导的让步状语从句； ④as if 引导的方式状语从句； 状语从句的主语与主句主语一致或状语从句的主语是代词it，且状语从句中的谓语中含有be动词时，常省略从句的主语和be 动词. I. 给下列状语从句可以省略的成分加上括号。 1. Work hard when you are young, or you’ll regret. 少壮不努力，老大徒悲伤。 2. Once it is seen, it will never be forgotten. 3.He won’t attend the party to be held tomorrow unless he is invited. 4. Though we were tired, we felt excited to be able to help others. 5. So what is the difference between them, if there is any. 6. If it is possible, he will help you out of the difficulty. if引导的条件状语从句省略：if any(如果有的话), if not(如果不是这样的话), if so如果是这样的话， if ever如果曾经有的话， if necessary 如果有必要的话，if possible 如果有可能的话等。
II. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 7. While ______________(walk) in the street, I met my English teacher. 8. We should focus our attention when ___________ (do) our homework. 9. When _____________(ask) what had happened, he burst into tears. 10. When _____________(see) from space, the earth looks like a blue ball. 11.You will never gain success unless fully ____________(devote) to your work. 12.I will value it and do all I can if ____________(accept) to be a volunteer. 13.He opened the desk as if _______________(search) for something important.
I练习：用状语从句省略句完成下列句子。
1.改编该短剧时，我们遇到了很多困难。(2020全国卷3)
______________________________________________________, we came across many difficulties.
2.她给了我一个安慰的微笑，一边点头，一边耐心地听着。
She gave me a comforting smile and nodded _______________________________________________.
3.在参观艺术展览时，我们讨论了伟大的艺术家们的作品，开阔了我们的眼界。
________________________________________________________________, we discussed the great artists’ works, from which we broadened our horizons.
4.当你朝着你的目标努力时，要和积极乐观的人待在一起。
Stay with positive people __________________________________________________________________.
5.尽管很方便, 但是网络学习仍有很多缺点。(2021·全国乙卷)
___________________________________________________, online learning still has its disadvantages.
6.虽然很累,但看到街区干净整洁,我们很高兴。
____________________________________, seeing the neighborhood neat and clean, we were delighted.
7.尽管面临挑战，他还是不断尝试，从没失去信心。
________________________________________________, he keeps trying and never loses confidence.
8._________________________________________________(虽然被多次拒绝), the man didn’t lose heart.
9.You should remain silent at the conference _____________________________(除非被邀请讲话).
10.男孩焦急地在操场上到处跑着，仿佛在找什么丢失的东西。
The boy is running anxiously here and there in the playground________________________________.
11.如果被录用，我会尽我最大的努力不辜负你的期待。(申请信)
________________________________, I will make every effort to live up to your expectation.
12.________________________(如果不方便), let me know what time suit you best. (2021北京卷书面表达)
II.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Grand Canal, spanning thousands of kilometres, 1______________ (form) a vast inland waterway system and is the longest of its kind in the world, 2_____________ (run) from Beijing in the north to Zhejiang Province in the south.
In 2014, the canal 3________________ (list) as a UNESCO world heritage site. 4___________ the Grand Canal's influence as a major shipping route is decreasing, the central government still treats it as a treasure and has released a policy 5_____________ (preserve) and protect the cultural heritage related to the canal. The regions along the canal are promoting the construction of the Grand Canal cultural belt.
The Grand Canal represents the 6_______________ (great) masterpiece of hydraulic (水利的) engineering in the history of mankind, because of its very ancient origins and its vast scale, along with its continuous 7__________________ (develop) and its adaptation to circumstances down through the ages.
The Grand Canal is a benchmark(参照点) in terms of dealing with difficult natural conditions, as is reflected in the constructions 8_________ are fully adapted to the diversity and complexity of circumstances. It fully demonstrates the technical capacities of Eastern civilizations. The Grand Canal includes important and 9______________ (particular) early examples of hydraulic techniques. It also bears witness 10.___________specific know-how in the construction of dykes(堤), weirs and bridges, and the original and sophisticated(精密的) use of materials, such as stone and rammed-earth, and the use of mixed materials.
本文是一篇说明文,介绍了大运河的基本信息及在水利工程中所起的作用。
大运河横跨数千公里，形成了一个巨大的内陆水道系统，是世界上最长的内陆水道系统，北起北京，南至浙江省。
2014年，大运河被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。虽然大运河作为主要航运路线的影响力正在下降，但中央政府仍然将其视为瑰宝，并出台了一项保存和保护运河相关文化遗产的政策。运河沿线地区正在推进大运河文化带建设。
大运河代表了人类历史上最伟大的水利工程杰作，因为它的非常古老的起源，庞大的规模，随着它的不断发展，并适应了各个时代的环境。
大运河是处理困难自然条件的参照点，这反映在完全适应环境多样性和复杂性的建筑上。它充分展示了东方文明的技术能力。大运河包括水利技术的重要和特别早期的例子。它还见证了建造堤坝、堰和桥梁的具体技术，以及对石头和夯土等材料的原始和精密的的使用，以及混合材料的使用。
1. forms 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。主语The Grand Canal是单数,且此处与and 后的 is并列作谓语,用一般现在时,故填 forms。
2. running 考查非谓语动词。 The Grand Canal 与 run 之间是主动关系,用现在分词作状语。故填running。
3. was listed 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。由句中的时间状语 In 2014 可知,谓语动词用一般过去时,且the canal(单数)与 list之间是被动关系,故填 was listed。
4. Though/Although 考查连词。句意:尽管大运河作为主要航道的影响力正在减弱,但中央政府仍然视其为珍宝,并出台了一项政策,以保护和运河相关的文化遗产。根据句意可知,此处表示“尽管”,故填Though/Although。
5. to preserve 考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式作目的状语,故填 to preserve。
6. greatest 考查形容词最高级。句中有in the history of mankind,且根据句意“大运河代表了人类历史上最伟大的水利工程杰作”可知,此处表达“最伟大的”,故填greatest。
7. development 考查名词。根据前面的形容词 continuous 可知,此处用名词形式,故填 development。
8. that/which 考查定语从句。先行词是 constructions,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,故填 that/which。
9. particularly 考查副词。此处用副词作状语,修饰形容词 early,故填particularly。
10. to 考查介词。句意:它还见证了建造堤坝、堰和桥梁的具体技术,以及建筑材料的不同使用方式,如原石(堆砌)和夯土及混合材料这种精加工之后的建材使用。 bear witness to 是固定搭配,意为“见证……”。
2
在高考语法填空，考查引导状语从句的从属连词。根据状语从句在句中的不同作用可分为：①时间状语从句，②地点状语从句，③原因状语从句，④条件状语从句，⑤目的状语从句，⑥结果状语从句，⑦让步状语从句，⑧比较状语从句，⑨方式状语从句。
I.状语从句的类型：
状语从句的种类 引导状语从句常用的从属连词。
1.时间状语从句 when (当......时候), while(当......时候, 在......期间), as(随着......，一边.....一边.....), before(在......之前), after(在......之后), since(自从......以来), till/ until,(直到)， once(一旦.....就) as soon as(一......就), hardly….when….., no sooner... than..., the moment, the minute, the second, the instant+句子, 副词immediately, directly, instantly+句子, every time(每次), each time, any time(任何时候), next time(下次), the first time, the second time, the last time, by the time
2.地点状语从句 where(在......的地方), wherever(在任何地方),
3.原因状语从句 because(因为), as (由于), since(既然), now that(既然)
4.条件状语从句 if(如果), unless=if...not(除非，如果不), as/so long as (只要), in case (万一, 如果, 假设), on condition that (在...条件下), given that.....(考虑到.....)
5.结果状语从句 so…that…(如此…以致), such…that...(如此…以致), so that (以致，结果), such that (以致，结果), so (因此)
6.目的状语从句 so that 以便...，为了..., (句中), in order that以便...，为了... (句首/句中) , for fear that唯恐, in case (that) 以防+should do 以便，以免......
7.让步状语从句 though/although(虽然), while(虽然), 形容词/副词/名词/动词原形+as/though+主语+谓语, even if/ even though (即使), whether...or(无论是…还是…), no matter +疑问词
8.比较状语从句 as...as (和......一样), not so/as...as (和...不一样), ...than... (......比.....), the more...the more...(越......越......), as+adj.+a/an+n.+as (与......一样)
9.方式状语从句 as (像，按照), as if / though(似乎，好像), just as(正如,像......一样)
II.真题探究：语法填空，在横线上填入适当的连词。
1.(2023新高考1) The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the ____________(hot) the spring!
2.(2022新高考1) ____________ __ it is the only unnatural thing on your way up mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure which offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs.
3.(2021全国卷乙) It was not widely accepted as a travel concept __________ the late 1980.
4.(2020全国卷III) _________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.
5.(2020浙江卷) Farming produced more food per person __________ hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children.
6.(2020江苏卷) They decide to have more workers for the project ________ that it won’t be delayed.
7.(2020天津卷) -Why do people like pop music I hate it so much.
-Even _______ it is not your style, that doesn’t mean it is bad.
8.(2020天津卷) ________ he could give her sympathy, any practical help was almost beyond him.
9.(2019全国卷III) On our way to the house, it was raining ________ hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long is would take to get there.
一、时间状语从句
1.when,while和as引导的时间状语从句用法的区别。
when,while,as都“当...时候”。若主句表示的是一个短暂性的动作，而从句表示的是一个持续性动作。
连词 When,while和as用法的区别
when when “当…时候，每当”，引导时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的或短暂性动词连用。从句的动作可以发生在主句的动作之前、之后或同时发生。 when常用于下列句型： ① was/were doing …when… 正在做…这时… I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. 我和我的三个孩子吃早饭突然水开始涌进家中。(Book 1 Unit 4 Natural Disasters) ② was/were going to do...when...正要做…这时 ③ was/were about to do…when...正要做…这时 ④ was/were on the point of doing...when... 正要做…这时 ⑤ had just done sth...when...刚......突然就...... ⑥ hardly…when…/ 一…...就…... ⑦ when it comes to n/doing…当谈到…时，……
while ① while “当...时侯，与…..同时，在.....期间”， while后面从句的谓语动作必须是延续性动词。 从句动作与主句动作同时发生。 Eg:Don’t read books while you are eating. 吃东西的时候不要看书。 ② while用作并列连词，“然而，但是”，表示对比转折。 ③ while doing sth, …do/does/ did当正在做，这时
as as 表示“一边……一边…, 随着…”的意思。as从句使用持续性和短暂性动作，强调主从句动作同时进行。 Eg:Hopefully, as technology improves, we may have more options for managing this balance. (U3 选修4) 希望随着科技的进步，我们有更多的选择来管理这种平衡。
练习： 用when, while和as填空或根据汉语意识完成句子。 1.___________ I finally finished it, the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing. (2023新高考1) 2.____________ the running began, David ran with all his strength. (2022新高考1) 3.___________ it comes to English learning, I have the following practical suggestions to share. 4.I was at the point of breaking down __________ my father came running to help with a knife. (2021浙江读后续写) 5. They were on the point of putting up the tent in the open air ____________ a loud whistle frightened them. 6.One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away ___________ my daughter heard cries for help. 7.He was about to tell me about the secret ___________someone patted him on the shoulder. 8.I had hardly got to the office _____________ my wife phoned me to go back home at once. 9.She had just finished her homework __________ her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday. 10.__________________________ I was walking down the street, I noticed a girl sitting in front of the flower shop. 11. David raised his arms high ___________ he crossed the finish line to wild cheers and applause. (2022新高考1) 12._____________ I started to shout encouragement, other voices around me took up the call. “Come on David, you can do it!” (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷). 13.天色渐暗，他感到一阵不安。 ______________________________________________, a wave of anxiety swept over him. 14.当他冲过终点时，他满脸激动和自豪。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷). ________________________________________________________________________________. 15.当他们的妈妈看到美味完美的早餐摆在她面前时,她惊讶地睁大了眼睛。 ________________________________________________________________________________, she widened her eyes in surprise. (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) 16.妈妈刚睡醒就闻到一阵食物诱人的味道。(2021新高考1) _______________________________________________________________________________. 17. 随着智能手机和电脑的日益普及，更多的学生选择在课堂之外通过各种方式学习英语。 ___________________________________________________________________________, more students are choosing to learn English beyond the classroom in various ways. (2022全国乙卷) 18.当主持人宣布她获奖时，她非常兴奋。 _____________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________.
2.before和since引导的时间状语从句。
引导词 before和since的用法： 例句;
before 在...之前, 还没来得及,才... ①It will be/take +一段时间 + before..... (从句用一般现在时) “过了多久才…”;“多久之后才...” ②It was/took +一段时间+ before... (从句用一般过去时) “过了多久才...” ③It won’t be long before... (从句用一般现在时) “用不了多久就......” ④It wasn’t long before... (从句用一般过去时)“没过多久就......” 1.It didn’t take long ___________I had my head get out of the pumpkin with my dad’s help. (2021浙江卷) 2.______________________________ David picked himself up again and continued his mission.(2022新高考1)没过多久David就重新振作起来，继续他的使命。 3.It will be five years ______ we meet again. 4. The film had already begun _______ they got to the cinema.
since 自从......以来 ①since引导的从句用一般过去时, 谓语是短暂性动作，主句常用现在完成时或一般现在时。 ②It is / has been + 一段时间+since sb did...... (从句常用一般过去时)“自从......以来(到现在) 有多长时间了” 5.Great changes have taken place in our school since you left.自从你离开，我们学校发生了很大的变化。 6.It’s almost five years since we saw each other last time. 我们上次见面差不多五年。
用before, after, since 填空. 1. We need to get to the root of the problem ______________ we can solve it. 2.If you miss this chance, it may be several years ___________ you get another one. 3.The young people, who returned my lost wallet, left ____________ I could ask for their name. 4.You must learn to consult your feeling and your reason _____________ your reach any decision. 5.To my great disappointment, my best friend left the city ____________ I could have a word with her. 6._______________ she graduated, my mother has buried herself in teaching, receiving high praise. (2020全国卷1) 7.As it reported, it is 100 years ____________ Qinghua University was founded. 8.He was told that it would be at least three more months __________he could recover and return to work. 9._____________ I could express my thanks to the traveler, he had already disappeared in the rain. 10._____________ Steve learned about this satisfactory result, a sense of joy and happiness swept over/ flooded over him.
3.till和until引导的时间状语从句。
引导词 till和until的用法：
till/until 直到......为止 ①主句是肯定句，谓语动词用延续性动词(肯定句) +till/ until表示动作延续到某一时间为止。意为 “直到……” 1.I waited for him in the office till/until the meeting was over. 我在办公室等他直到会议结束。
not...until 直到...才... ②主句是否定句时,主句的谓语是短暂性动词, 指动作一直到从句谓语表示的动作发生时才开始, not.....until…… “直到......才......” ③until可以放在句首，而till不能置于句首。 ④not until句型的倒装句:not until 置于句首 ⑤ 强调句：It is/was not until...that... 2.I didn’t know anything about it until you told me.直到你告诉我，我才知道关于这件事情的一切。 3.直到那时我才意识到城实的重要性。 ①____________________________________ ②____________________________________ ___________________.(倒装句) ③___________________________________ ______________________________(强调句)
1.My condition doesn’t allow me to go anywhere ___________ my legs are fully recovered. (2021北京卷) 2.We will keep trying __________________ our dreams come back. 我们将一直努力直到我们的梦想实现。 3.I did not realize my mistake _________ they had a heart-to-heart talk with me. 4.Mary walked along the pathway _____________ she came to huge gardens with wide lawns and winding walks. 玛丽沿着小路走着，来到了有着宽阔草坪和蜿蜒小径的巨大花园。 5.I didn’t realize the importance of English until I entered the high school. → __________________ I enter the high school _________ I realize the importance of English.(倒装句) → __________________ I entered the high school _________ I realize the importance of English.(强调句 6. My son didn’t realize the importance of time until he entered the university. → __________________ my son entered the university ________he realize the importance of time. (倒装句) → __________________ my son entered the university ________ he realize the importance of time. (强调句 7.直到那时，我才明白母爱无价，没有什么能与之相比。 __________________________________________________________________________________________.
4.表示“一......就......”引导的时间状语从句:
①once一旦...就..., as soon as+句子 一...就..., Eg: 1) Once you start, you will never give up.你一旦开始了，就不要放弃。 As soon as he heard the news, he jumped with joy. 一听到这个消息, 他就高兴地跳起来。 ②the moment/the minute/the second/ the instant+句子 ③副词immediately/ directly/ instantly+句子 ④固定句型：hardly….when….., no sooner... than..., ⑤upon/ on +doing/n. (on arriving/ entering/ hearing/seeing/returning) 一......就
1. I believe you will have a wonderful time here ________________ you get to know everyone else. 2.You will be successful in the interview ________________you have confidence. 3.我一打开盒子，就吃惊地睁大眼睛。(读后续写情感描写) ____________________________________________, my eyes widened in astonishment. 4.她一看到熟悉的字迹，便热泪盈眶。 ___________________________________________________, tears welled up in her eyes. 5.这位小女孩一看见她的母亲。脸上就露出灿烂的笑容。 _______________________________________________________ , a bright smile lit up her face/ a bright smile appeared on her face/ her face lit up with a bright smile. 6.David一冲到终点线，全场就爆发出雷鸣般掌声和欢呼声。(2022新高考1) ______________________________________________________________________________，the audience erupted into thunderous applause./thunderous applause and cheers rose from the audience. 7.____________________ had I presented our finds to the class _________ the class burst into applause. (2022.浙江读后续写) 我刚向全班展示完我们的研究成果，全班就爆发出一阵掌声。 8.他刚结束演讲，同学们就欢呼起来。(no sooner...than) ________________________________________________________ the students started cheering. ________________________________________________________the students started cheering. (倒装句) 9.Hardly had the speaker finished his speech ______________ the audience kept asking him questions. 演讲者一结束他的讲话，观众就不停地提问。 10.我们一到达目的地就开始做志愿者工作。(hardly...when倒装句) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 11. On______________ (hear) the shots of the race rang out, everyone just rushed forward, only a small thin bod was struggling behind.(2022新高考.读后续写) 12. ________________________ , Bernard thanked the Meredith family with misty eyes.(2021新高考.读后续写) Bernard一回来就含着眼泪感谢了Meredith 一家。 13.妈妈一看到早餐，就觉得很幸福。 __________________________________________________________________________, the mother felt a wave of happiness welling up within her. _______________________________________________________________________________, the mother felt a wave of happiness welling up within her. _______________________________________, the mother felt a wave of happiness welling up within her.
5.every time, each time, any time, next time, the first time, the
second time, the last time, by the time 引导的时间状语从句。
引导词 例句：
every/each time 每次,每当 any time 任何时候...... next time下次 the first/ second/ last time… 第一/二次/最后一次...的时候 by the time….. 到……时 (by the time从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时； by the time 从句用一般现在时，主句用将来完成时) Eg:They had finished their dinner by the time Sam joined them. (U2,选修2) 当萨姆加入他们时，他们已经吃完饭。 1.每次我经过那间学校，就会想起我的英语老师。 _________________ I pass the school, I will thing of my English teacher. 2. ___________________________________________________, you would turn up in time and gave me a hand. 每次我遇到困难，你都会及时出现并给予我帮助。 3. ____________________________________, I was amazed at his devotion to his career.第一次我见到他，就不得不为他的敬业精神所感动。 4.我记得最后一次你访问我们学校时，你让我看了有关那个主题的照片。 I remember you showed me some photos on that theme _____________ _____________________________________. 5.You are welcome to come back _____________________ you want to. 你想回随时可以回。 6._______________ you go shopping, buy a few extra fruits and vegetables.下次你去买东西，多买些水果和蔬菜。 7.___________________________________________________, Bernard ______________________________all the popcorn.(2020新高考) 夜幕降临时，Bernard已经卖完了所有的爆米花。
6.时间状语从句与强调句的区别:
①It is/It has been+一段时间+since... “自从……以来过了多久了”; ②It is/ was+具体时间点+when... “那是在……时间……发生的”; ③It will be/was+一段时间+before... “要过/已经过了多久才……”; ④It is/was+时间状语+that... 是强调结构。“就是在……时间发生的某事”。 用since, when, before和that填空： 1.It is two years __________ he graduated from college. 2.It was two years ago __________ he graduated from college. 3.It will be two years ____________ he graduates from college. 4.It was the middle of the night __________ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game. 5.It was in the middle of the night ________ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.
II.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A young man, 1_________ traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water. The water was sweet. He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder 2________had been his teacher. After a four-day journey, the young man 3____________ ( present ) the water to the old man. His teacher took a deep drink, smiled 4___________ ( warm ), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. The young man went home 5__________a happy heart.
6__________ the student left, the teacher let another student taste the water. He spit it out, 7__________ (say) it was awful. Apparently, it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container. He asked his teacher, "Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like it " The teacher replied," You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be 8_____________ (sweet).
"We understand this lesson best 9___________we receive gifts of love from children. Whether it is a cheap pipe or a diamond necklace, the proper response is 10.________________ (appreciate). We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing.
二、原因状语从句：
引导词 用法区别： 例句: 用because, since, as, for填空。
because since now that as引导的原因状语从句 for ①because常用来回答why的问题，用because。 ②引导原因状语从句通常放在主句之后。 ③对原因状语进行强调时， 用because. 1.Oceans have a great effect on the world climate ________ they can take in heat from the sun.(2022全国甲卷) 2.It was ___________ she always tries to make her classes lively and interesting that we all respect her.(2021新高考1) 3.参加这个活动很有益，因为它教会了我们劳动的重要性。(2020.全国卷2) It is of great benefit to participate in the activity _________ __________________________________________________. 4.我认为在线学习很方便，因为我们可以随时随地学习。(2021全国乙卷) I consider it convenient to learn online _________________ ___________________________________. 5.________________ you comes from the USA, we’d like to interview you about American diet culture at the studio. (2022新高考1) 6.____________ the film mainly focuses on the development of our school, all are expected to watch it. 7. __________________________________________________, I’m convinced that I am equal to the voluntary work. 因为我精通中国画, 我相信我能胜任这项工作。 8._____________ the Internet is increasingly popular, our life is becoming more colorful. 因为互联网越来越普及，我们的生活变得更加丰富多彩。 _________________________________________________, your suggestions will be greatly helpful to us. (求助信) 因为你喜欢中国传统文化，你的建议将对我们有很大的帮助。 10.I’m wondering how many periods of the course there are each week, ____________I prefer having/ to have some time at my disposal. (询问信) 我想知道这门课每周有几节课，因为我更喜欢有些时间可以自由支配。
since/now that “既然”，表示双方都知道的事实，常放在句首。
as “由于，因为”, 放在主句前。 Eg:As there have been so many different styles of Western art, it is impossible to describe them all in a short text. 由于西方艺术已有如此多不同的风格，所以不可能在一篇简短的文章中将他们全部描述出来。
for由于，起解释说明作用。 for前一般用逗号隔开。
三、地点状语从句
常用连词 例句：
where在…的地方 wherever无论哪里 (=everywhere no matter where ) 1.You’d better not leave the medicine _______________ kids can get it.(2019天津) 2. Today, we will begin ___________ we stopped yesterday so that no will be left out. 3. 无论你到哪里，都要注意你的言行。 _____________________ you go you should mind your behaviours. 4._______________________________, we will try our best and we all want to be the winner. 无论我们的团队在哪里训练，我们都会尽力而为，我们都想成为胜利者。
四、条件状语从句
从句 引导词 例句：
条 件 状 语 从 句 if如果 (I would appreciate it if ...... 如果......我将不胜感激......) unless=if...not除非，如果不 as/so long as 只要 in case 万一, 如果 在条件状语从句中，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。 only if 只有 on condition that 在...条件下 given that.....考虑到..... Eg:Given that Yuan’s hybrids have made him quite wealthy, one might think he would retire to a life of leisure. (U5，选修1)考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能会认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。 用if, unless, as/so long as, in case，given that填空。 1._______ you desire to challenge yourself, there is nothing to do with other’s thoughts. (2022新高考1) 2.如果你每天做一些小的改变，你会变得更加有活力和精神焕发。 _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________. 3._________________________________ you could take my invitation into consideration. (2022新高考1)如果你能考虑我的邀请我将不胜感激。 4.________________________________________ you could take the trouble to give me some guidance. (202全国甲卷求助信) 如果你能费心给我一些指导，我将不胜感激。 5.______________________________, let’s going outing next Sunday. 如果方便的话，我们下周日去郊游。(道歉信) 6.Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents’ opinion ____________ he wants their support. (2019天津卷) 汤姆非常独立，以至于他从来不征求父母的意见，除非他想得到他们的支持。 7.You will never gain success _____________ you are fully devoted to your work. 8.The doctor share his phone number with the patient _____________ they need medical assistance.. 9.只要你有梦想，不断努力你就会成功。 _________________________________________________________ __________________________________________. 10.只要我们有坚强的意志，我们就能克服任何困难。 ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 11.________________ we students need more exercise, our school organized a cross country running race last Sunday. 考虑到我们学生需要更多的锻炼，我校上周日组织了一场越野比赛。
五、目的状语从句：
目 的 状 语 从句 从属连词 用法 例句：用so that, in order that 填空。
so that (句中) in order that (句首/句中) 以便...， 为了... for fear that 唯恐 in case (that) 以防+should do 主句+so that/ in order that+主语+ can/could +动词原形(从句中常与can,may, could, might等情态动词连用) 1.You can ask the teacher speak slowly _________________ you can make sense of what he says. 你可以请老师讲慢一点，这样你就可以理解他讲的内容。 2.I studied day and night in order that I could pass the exam. = ___________I could pass the exam,I studied day and night. =I studied day and night __________________pass the exam. 为了能通过考试，我夜以继日地学习。 3.He always works hard __________________ he may make great progress. 他总是努力地工作，这样他才能取得进步。 4.Would you be so kind to tell me which attracts you most _________ our meeting can gain great success.(2021 全国甲卷)
结果状语从句
结果状语从句 连词 so…that… 如此…以致; such…that...如此…以致 so that 结果; such that 如此…以致; so 因此
结构形式 1.so...that...句型的常见形式： ①so+形容词(adj.)/副词(adv.)+that ②so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that从句 ③so many/few+复数名词+ that ④so much//little+不可数名词+ that Eg. She was so inspired by the people she met online that she decided to start an IT club to teach older people how to use computers and Internet.她受到网友的启发，决定成立一个IT俱乐部来教年长一些的人们学习使用电脑和互联网。
结构形式 2.such...that...句型的常见形式： ①such +a/an+adj+单数可数名词+that从句 ②such+形容词+可数名词复数+ that ③such+形容词+不可数名词+ that 3.当so/such及其后成分放在句首时，主句用部分导致. Eg.So delicious was their popcorn that it was sold out soon.(2020新高考)
1.He is _______smart a boy that he soon gets familiar with the functions of the machine. 2.The exhibition displays _________ wonderful pictures that you can understand the art of traditional Chinese painting better. (2021浙江卷) 这次展览展出非常精彩的画，能让你更好地了解中国国画。 3.Mother was _______________________ her eyes were shinning with tears of great joy. (2021.新高考1卷) __________________________________________her eyes were shinning with tears of great joy.(倒装句) 母亲感动得双眸满是喜悦的泪水。 4.海洋如此重要，我们应该为我们的后代保护它。(2023全国甲卷) _______________________________________________ we should protect it for our future generations. 5.Their father instructed them __________________________ the twins made the breakfast fast and well. _____________________________________________the twins made the breakfast fast and well. (倒装句) 父亲非常耐心地指导,因此双胞胎把早餐做得又快又好。(2021.新高考) 6.____________________________________________________________________________________ it has brought great changes to our life. (2022全国乙卷) 科技发展得很快给我们的生活带来了巨大的变化。 7.这个活动如此有益因此我们都希望以后多举办类似的活动。 __________________________________________ we all hope we should organize more similar activities. 8.你为这次比赛付出了这么多，我深信你一定能成功。(2022新高考1卷) You have worked _________________________________________I deeply believe that you can made it.
七、方式状语从句
从属连词 例句
方 式 状 语 从 句 as 像，按照 as if / though 似乎，好像 just as正如 像......一样 1. “You can’t judge a book by its cover” _________the old saying goes. 2._________ the saying goes, “Roses given, fragrance in hand.” 正如谚语所说：“赠人玫瑰，手留余香。” 3. Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him ______________ he had done something very clever. 4. I remember the whole thing _____________________it happened yesterday. 5.大卫坚持跑步，好像已经忘记了他所有的弱点。(2022年新高考1卷) David insisted on running ______________________________________________.
八、让步状语从句:
让 步 状 语 从 句 从属连词用法 例句：
主句+though/ although/ while引导的让步状语从句 though/although 可与yet, still连用， 但不能与but 连用。 1._______________________________________ she has been teaching English for twenty years, she is still passionate about teaching.(2020新高考1) 2._________________________________________ he was not the champion, he was the best in all of our hearts. (2022新高考1) 3.虽然在线学习有很大的好处,但它的缺点也不容忽视。(2021·全国乙卷) _______________________________________________________________, its disadvantages can not be overlooked. 4.尽管所有的参赛者筋疲力尽，他们都没有半途放弃。(2020新高考1) _____________________________________________________________
as“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。 用于“形容词/副词/名词/动词原形+as/though+主语+谓语”结构中。 (adj./adv./n./v.+ though/as+主语+谓语) 5.虽然网络学习很方便，长时间看屏幕对眼睛有害。 _______________________________________________________, staring at the screen for a long time is harmful to our eyes. 6.任务看起来很艰苦，但我们可以进一分力量来保护海洋免受污染。 _______________________________________________, we can do our part to protect the ocean against further pollution. (2022全国甲卷) 7.虽然在农场干活很辛苦,但我们非常高兴。(2020·全国卷Ⅱ) __________________________________________________________, we felt a great joy from the bottom of our hearts. 8.虽然他还是个孩子，但是在那种困难的处境中显得相当镇静。 _______________________, he looked quite calm in that difficult situation.
even if / even though即使 whether...or(not).. 无论,不管，是…还是… 9.________________________ we achieve great success in our work, we should not be too proud. (2022天津卷) 10.He decided not to give up the race ____________ he won the first place __________. 11.只要你尽最大努力，赢不赢没有关系 _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________.
疑问词+ever... 无论…… =no matter +疑问词...... however+形/副原级 =no matter how+形/副原级 无论如何…… 12. ______________ hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.不管你多么努力，不减少饭量是很难减肥的。 13.________________ great the difficulty is, never will we abandon protecting the ocean.无论有多大的困难，我们绝不会放弃保护海洋。 14.无论比赛多么具有挑战性，所有参赛人员都设法到达终点。 _______________________________________________________________, all participants managed to reach the finish line. (2021新高考1) 15.无论什么时候我学习有困难，我的父亲总是耐心地帮助我。 _______________________________________________________________, my father always helps me patiently. (2020新高考1)
九、比较状语从句：
常用连词 例句:
比 较 状 语 从 句 as...as 像, 是......一样 not so/as...as 和...不一样 ...than... ......比...... the +比较级...the +比较级... 越......就越...... as+adj.+a/an+n.+as 与......一样 1.The work is not so difficult _______ you imagine. (2022全国乙卷) 2.The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times as big _______ the present one. 3.他和我一样勤奋，因此他已取得和我一样的进步。 He is _______________________________, so he _________________. 4.Changjiang River is longer _______any other river/ other rivers. 5.The more diligent you are, ___________________________________. 你越勤奋你将越优秀。 6.________________________, the greater progress you will make. 你越努力，你进步得越快。 7.Generally speaking, ________________you practice, ______________ _______________ you can write in English. 一般来说，你练习得越多，你的英语写作就越娴熟。 8.Though it is over 500 years old, it looks _________________________ _________________the day it was created. 虽然这幅画有500多年了，但它看起来和它刚被创作出来的那天一样崭新，活灵活现。.
十、状语从句的省略
状语从句省略的条件 例句
状 语 从 句 的 省 略 适用从句：时间、让步、条件、方式从句等。 省略条件： ①由when, while, as, once, until引导的时间状语从句； ②If，unless引导的条件状语从句； ③though/although, even if, even though引导的让步状语从句； ④as if 引导的方式状语从句； 状语从句的主语与主句主语一致或状语从句的主语是代词it，且状语从句中的谓语中含有be动词时，常省略从句的主语和be 动词. I. 给下列状语从句可以省略的成分加上括号。 1. Work hard when you are young, or you’ll regret. 少壮不努力，老大徒悲伤。 2. Once it is seen, it will never be forgotten. 3.He won’t attend the party to be held tomorrow unless he is invited. 4. Though we were tired, we felt excited to be able to help others. 5. So what is the difference between them, if there is any. 6. If it is possible, he will help you out of the difficulty. if引导的条件状语从句省略：if any(如果有的话), if not(如果不是这样的话), if so如果是这样的话， if ever如果曾经有的话， if necessary 如果有必要的话，if possible 如果有可能的话等。
II. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 7. While ______________(walk) in the street, I met my English teacher. 8. We should focus our attention when ___________ (do) our homework. 9. When _____________(ask) what had happened, he burst into tears. 10. When _____________(see) from space, the earth looks like a blue ball. 11.You will never gain success unless fully ____________(devote) to your work. 12.I will value it and do all I can if ____________(accept) to be a volunteer. 13.He opened the desk as if _______________(search) for something important.
I练习：用状语从句省略句完成下列句子。
1.改编该短剧时，我们遇到了很多困难。(2020全国卷3)
______________________________________________________, we came across many difficulties.
2.她给了我一个安慰的微笑，一边点头，一边耐心地听着。
She gave me a comforting smile and nodded _______________________________________________.
3.在参观艺术展览时，我们讨论了伟大的艺术家们的作品，开阔了我们的眼界。
________________________________________________________________, we discussed the great artists’ works, from which we broadened our horizons.
4.当你朝着你的目标努力时，要和积极乐观的人待在一起。
Stay with positive people __________________________________________________________________.
5.尽管很方便, 但是网络学习仍有很多缺点。(2021·全国乙卷)
___________________________________________________, online learning still has its disadvantages.
6.虽然很累,但看到街区干净整洁,我们很高兴。
____________________________________, seeing the neighborhood neat and clean, we were delighted.
7.尽管面临挑战，他还是不断尝试，从没失去信心。
________________________________________________, he keeps trying and never loses confidence.
8._________________________________________________(虽然被多次拒绝), the man didn’t lose heart.
9.You should remain silent at the conference _____________________________(除非被邀请讲话).
10.男孩焦急地在操场上到处跑着，仿佛在找什么丢失的东西。
The boy is running anxiously here and there in the playground________________________________.
11.如果被录用，我会尽我最大的努力不辜负你的期待。(申请信)
________________________________, I will make every effort to live up to your expectation.
12.________________________(如果不方便), let me know what time suit you best. (2021北京卷书面表达)
II.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Grand Canal, spanning thousands of kilometres, 1______________ (form) a vast inland waterway system and is the longest of its kind in the world, 2_____________ (run) from Beijing in the north to Zhejiang Province in the south.
In 2014, the canal 3________________ (list) as a UNESCO world heritage site. 4___________ the Grand Canal's influence as a major shipping route is decreasing, the central government still treats it as a treasure and has released a policy 5_____________ (preserve) and protect the cultural heritage related to the canal. The regions along the canal are promoting the construction of the Grand Canal cultural belt.
The Grand Canal represents the 6_______________ (great) masterpiece of hydraulic (水利的) engineering in the history of mankind, because of its very ancient origins and its vast scale, along with its continuous 7__________________ (develop) and its adaptation to circumstances down through the ages.
The Grand Canal is a benchmark(参照点) in terms of dealing with difficult natural conditions, as is reflected in the constructions 8_________ are fully adapted to the diversity and complexity of circumstances. It fully demonstrates the technical capacities of Eastern civilizations. The Grand Canal includes important and 9______________ (particular) early examples of hydraulic techniques. It also bears witness 10.___________specific know-how in the construction of dykes(堤), weirs and bridges, and the original and sophisticated(精密的) use of materials, such as stone and rammed-earth, and the use of mixed materials.
本文是一篇说明文,介绍了大运河的基本信息及在水利工程中所起的作用。
大运河横跨数千公里，形成了一个巨大的内陆水道系统，是世界上最长的内陆水道系统，北起北京，南至浙江省。
2014年，大运河被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。虽然大运河作为主要航运路线的影响力正在下降，但中央政府仍然将其视为瑰宝，并出台了一项保存和保护运河相关文化遗产的政策。运河沿线地区正在推进大运河文化带建设。
大运河代表了人类历史上最伟大的水利工程杰作，因为它的非常古老的起源，庞大的规模，随着它的不断发展，并适应了各个时代的环境。
大运河是处理困难自然条件的参照点，这反映在完全适应环境多样性和复杂性的建筑上。它充分展示了东方文明的技术能力。大运河包括水利技术的重要和特别早期的例子。它还见证了建造堤坝、堰和桥梁的具体技术，以及对石头和夯土等材料的原始和精密的的使用，以及混合材料的使用。
1. forms 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。主语The Grand Canal是单数,且此处与and 后的 is并列作谓语,用一般现在时,故填 forms。
2. running 考查非谓语动词。 The Grand Canal 与 run 之间是主动关系,用现在分词作状语。故填running。
3. was listed 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。由句中的时间状语 In 2014 可知,谓语动词用一般过去时,且the canal(单数)与 list之间是被动关系,故填 was listed。
4. Though/Although 考查连词。句意:尽管大运河作为主要航道的影响力正在减弱,但中央政府仍然视其为珍宝,并出台了一项政策,以保护和运河相关的文化遗产。根据句意可知,此处表示“尽管”,故填Though/Although。
5. to preserve 考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式作目的状语,故填 to preserve。
6. greatest 考查形容词最高级。句中有in the history of mankind,且根据句意“大运河代表了人类历史上最伟大的水利工程杰作”可知,此处表达“最伟大的”,故填greatest。
7. development 考查名词。根据前面的形容词 continuous 可知,此处用名词形式,故填 development。
8. that/which 考查定语从句。先行词是 constructions,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,故填 that/which。
9. particularly 考查副词。此处用副词作状语,修饰形容词 early,故填particularly。
10. to 考查介词。句意:它还见证了建造堤坝、堰和桥梁的具体技术,以及建筑材料的不同使用方式,如原石(堆砌)和夯土及混合材料这种精加工之后的建材使用。 bear witness to 是固定搭配,意为“见证……”。
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