北京市部分区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语汇编：阅读表达（含解析）

北京市部分区
2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编
阅读表达
北京市昌平区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
In the 1950s and 1960s, people were widely using chemicals in agriculture, which polluted the food web and broke the eggs of Bald Eagles. Concern for the birds helped to pass the Endangered Species (物种) Act (ESA) on December 28,1973.
The ESA is now 50 years old. It is a vital part of protection efforts in America, but it comes into play only when a species is nearly gone. There is much we can do to prevent our weak creatures from needing the act in the first place.
Recent studies have shown that the best way to protect species is to protect their habitats (栖息地), because it follows a sound, nature-based logic. People and progress depend on nature for large pared to recovering a species, protecting habitats won’t need to decide which species is the most serious case that should be treated first.
In January 2023, a bill named Recovering America’s Wildlife Act (RAWA)was passed, which would provide significant funding for protection of wildlife habitat that supports species at risk. It basically modernized the Pittman-Robertson Act in 1937, one of the first species-protection acts in America. RAWA was one of the most important acts in wildlife conservation in decades providing $1.397 billion to fund local and state efforts not only to help recover endangered species but also prevent at-risk wildlife from becoming endangered. While this funding has worked for decades, the accelerating (加速) loss of biodiversity requires a new way and more investment.
Protecting habitat doesn’t just protect wildlife; it protects humanity. If the desire to care for our world is not enough it’s wise to remember that if you destroy your home, you des troy your life.
40. What is the disadvantage of ESA
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
41. Why protecting habitats is better than recovering a species
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
RAWA, a modern version of the Pittman-Robertson Act, mainly helps to save the species that are endangered.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
43. Apart from protecting habitats, what else can we do to protect animals (In about 40 words)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
北京市顺义区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题
第二节
阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。
If a traditional sport bores you, it’s time to try something new! Cycling, but outdoors on city roads; surfing, but on the land; playing Frisbee (飞碟游戏), but with a group of people... New sports have been bringing fresh air to our minds and more joy to exercise.
National fitness has been a part of the national plan, aiming to keep people healthier. With great attention paid in support of national fitness, new sports begin to develop. According to a study by Houlang Research Institute, more than 93%of young people born after 2000 are interested in doing sports in the city.
Why do young people like new sports Houlang’s report says that except for keeping fit as a kind of exercise, many young people pick them up to socialize—allowing them to build up their social circles. Players tend to have online group chats talking about their usual activities and simply sharing their lives.
New sports are also “fit for taking photos and are less prevented by places”, ZouQingling, the CEO of Lvmama, told China News Service. Gathered together through social media, people can enjoy new sports at many places in the city, from parks to the side of roads.
Qianjiang Evening News also says that new sports are easier for new players to start, different from traditional sports, such as football and basketball, which usually require strict and difficult rules. Thus, new sports are less competitive but could bring more fun.
New sports have brought different lifestyles in China as they express various sorts of youth(青春)and fun. This new thing also shows that more people are prepared to enjoy sports, according to China News Service.
40. What is the aim of national fitness in the national plan (不多于4个单词)
_________________________________________________________
41. What kind of people are more interested in new sports (不多于2个单词)
_________________________________________________________
42. Where can people enjoy new sports in the city (不多于10个单词)
_________________________________________________________
43. According to Qianjiang Evening News, what is the difference of new sports from traditional sports (不多于10个单词)
_________________________________________________________
44. What is this passage mainly about (不多于2个单词)
_________________________________________________________
北京市延庆区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题
第一节：(每小题2分，共8分)
阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。
A Rubbish Collector's Work Is Never Done
Brian Kane was a rubbish collector in Denver, Colorado. Eight hours a day, five days a week, fifty weeks a year, he rode on the back of a garbage truck. At each stop, he would jog to the back of buildings, then drag heavy rubbish cans to the truck. Brian never complained.
Brian saw these hardships as opportunities to become strong and fit. His job was a training ground for his lifelong dream: to climb Mount Qomolangma. On his thirtieth birthday, Brian took a leave from his job and flew to Nepal to begin the long, difficult journey up Mount Qomolangma.
Brian first climbed to a base camp. He planned to bring three oxygen containers with him to the top. At 29, 028 feet, it would be hard to survive without extra oxygen. Over the next two months, Brian climbed to 26, 000 feet, to Camp Four—the last place to rest below the top of the mountain. But when Brian saw this camp, he fell to his knees. “Rubbish!” he cried. Nearly a thousand empty oxygen containers littered the camp area. Humans had turned this beautiful, far-away place into a big rubbish pile. Brian was very sad. But with a strong determination he continued to follow his dream. Two days later he stood proudly on the top of Mount Qomolangma. He had reached the “roof of the world!”
Two days after this great achievement, Brian put a dozen empty oxygen containers in his pack and headed down the mountain He smiled to himself as he realized that the work of a rubbish collector is great and never done.
31. What was Brian Kane (不多于三个单词)
32. What was Brian's lifelong dream (不多于四个单词)
33. How did Brian feel when he saw the rubbish pile at Camp Four (不多于两个单词)
34. What do you think of Brian Kane (一个单词)
北京市石景山区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题
第一节 (共4小题；第1-2题每小题2分, 第3题3分, 第4题5分, 共12分)
阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息, 完成对该问题的回答。
Catherine was the coolest kid in her class. Whenever she went, she was in the spotight, with a bunch of kids following her and doing everything she did. Her deskmate, Landy, however, was not in the cool kids' group. Being the tallest kid in the class, she was teased(嘲笑) by her classmates, who were always chanting "Landy, Landy, long as spagheti(意大利面)".
Every time Landy heard those silly chants, she could feel her face burst into flames. How she wished the ground to crack and swallow her!
Catherine didn't really like it when the kids chanted “Landy, Landy, long as spaghetti". But she never told them to stop either, and nor did she ever talk to Landy. She liked being popular.
One weekend, Catherine went over to her grandfather. Her grandfather lives on a farm at the opposite end of town, where he keeps chickens. While helping to feed the chickens, Catherine noticed a special one. Curling in the corner, it looked smaller than the others and was almost half-bare!(半秃)
“What's the matter with it ”She asked her grandfather, with a puzzled frown on her face. Her grandfather told her how chickens could act. “They have a pecking( 啄 )order. ”he explained, “If one chicken is different, the others will push it away and keep pecking it.
Sometimes they peck it so much that it dies. "
“Oh, what a poor little thing!”Catherine let out a sigh as she scooped(捧起)the frightened chicken up in her arms. Suddenly, she thought of Landy! She was just like the poor little chicken, being teased and ignored by her classmates, merely due to her special height.
Catherine decided to make an apology to Landy with the kids following her the next Monday.
40. What happened to Landy
41. Why did Catherine do nothing when other kids chanted
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain
why.
> After seeing the half-bare chicken, Catherine decided to help Landy overcome the difficulties.
43. To help the kids like Landy, what suggestions would you make (In about 40 words)
北京市西城区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题
Ⅳ. 阅读表达(共 4 小题; 每小题 2 分, 共 8 分)
阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。
I have a special rule for travel: never carry a map. I prefer to ask for directions. Sometimes I get lost, but I usually don’t mind. I can practice a new language, meet new people, and learn new customs. And I find out about different “styles” of giving directions every time I ask, “How can I get to the post office ”
Foreign tourists are often confused in Japan because most streets don’t have names. In Japan, people use landmarks in their directions instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will say to travelers, “Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hotel and go pasta fruit market. The post office is across from the bus stop. ”
In the countryside of the American Midwest, there are not usually many landmarks. There are no mountains, so the land is very flat; in many places there are no towns, or buildings within miles. Instead of landmarks, people will tell you directions and distances. In Kansas or Iowa, for instance, people will say, “Go north two miles. Turn east, and then go another mile.”
People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map: they measure distance in Los Angeles in time, not miles. “How faraway is the post office ” you ask. “Oh,” they answer, “it’s about five minutes from here. ”You say, “Yes, but how many miles away is it ” They don’t know.
People in Greece sometimes do not even try to give directions because tourists seldom understand the Greek language. Instead, a Greek person will often say, “Follow me. ”Then he’ll lead you through the streets of the city to the post office.
Sometimes a person doesn’t know the answer to your question. What happens in this situation A New Yorker might say, “Sorry, I have no idea. ”But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers, “I don’t know. ”People in Yucatan believe that “I don’t know” is impolite. They usually give an answer, often a wrong one. A tourist can get very, very lost in Yucatan!
One thing will help you everywhere—in Japan, the United States, Greece, Mexico, or any other place. You might not understand a person’s words, but you can probably understand the person’s body language: He or she will usually turn and then point in the correct direction. Go in that direction, and you may find the post office.
53. Why doesn’t the writer mind getting lost (不多于 14 个单词)
______________________________________________________
54. Please list three examples of landmarks mentioned in Paragraph 2. (不多于 10 个单词)
______________________________________________________
55. How do people in Los Angeles measure distance (不多于 2 个单词)
______________________________________________________
56. What is the passage mainly talking about (单词数不限)
______________________________________________________
答案：
北京市昌平区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题
【答案】40. It comes into play only when a species is nearly gone.
41. Compared to recovering a species, protecting habitats won’t need to decide which species is the most serious case that should be treated first.
42. RAWA, a modern version of the Pittman-Robertson Act, mainly helps to save the species that are endangered. Because RAWA not only helps recover endangered species but also prevents at-risk wildlife from becoming endangered.
43. We can also actively participate in plant afforestation activities, which can provide more habitats for animals, help absorb carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and alleviate the impact of global warming on the living environment of animals.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了保护动物栖息地的重要性以及人类所做的努力。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段中“The ESA is now 50 years old. It is a vital part of protection efforts in America, but it comes into play only when a species is nearly gone. (《濒危物种法》现已成立 50 周年。它是美国保护工作的重要组成部分，但只有当一个物种几乎灭绝时它才会发挥作用)”可知，《濒危物种法》的缺陷是只有当一个物种几乎灭绝时它才会发挥作用，故填It comes into play only when a species is nearly gone.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Compared to recovering a species, protecting habitats won’t need to decide which species is the most serious case that should be treated first.(与恢复物种相比，保护栖息地不需要决定哪个物种是最严重的，应该是首先被治疗的情况)”可知，与恢复一个物种相比保护栖息地不需要决定哪种物种是最严重的，应该是首先被治疗的情况，故填Compared to recovering a species, protecting habitats won’t need to decide which species is the most serious case that should be treated first.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中“RAWA was one of the most important acts in wildlife conservation in decades providing $1.397 billion to fund local and state efforts not only to help recover endangered species but also prevent at-risk wildlife from becoming endangered. (RAWA是数十年来野生动物保护领域最重要行动之一，提供了 13.97 亿美元资助地方和州的努力，不仅帮助恢复濒危物种，而且防止有危险的野生动物变得濒临灭绝)”可知，该法案不仅帮助恢复濒危物种，而且防止有危险的野生动物变得濒临灭绝。所以“mainly helps to save the species that are endangered(主要帮助拯救濒临灭绝的物种)”表述是片面的，故填RAWA, a modern version of the Pittman-Robertson Act, mainly helps to save the species that are endangered. Because RAWA not only helps recover endangered species but also prevents at-risk wildlife from becoming endangered.
【43题详解】
开放试题，言之有理即可。题干问“除了保护栖息地，我们还能做些什么来保护动物呢”。对此问题回答可以是：我们还可以积极参与植物造林活动，为动物提供更多的栖息地，同时也有助于吸收大气中的二氧化碳，缓解全球变暖对动物生存环境的影响。故填We can also actively participate in plant afforestation activities, which can provide more habitats for animals, help absorb carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and alleviate the impact of global warming on the living environment of animals.
北京市顺义区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题
【答案】40. To keep people healthier.
41. Young people.
42. At many places, from parks to the side of roads.
43. New sports are easier for new players to start./New sports are less competitive but could bring more fun.
44. New sports.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新型的体育运动给我们带来了新鲜的空气和更多的运动乐趣。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“National fitness has been a part of the national plan, aiming to keep people healthier. (全民健身已成为国家计划的一部分，旨在使人们保持健康。)”可知，全民健身在全民计划中的目的是使人们保持健康。故答案为To keep people healthier.
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“According to a study by Houlang Research Institute, more than 93%of young people born after 2000 are interested in doing sports in the city. (根据后朗研究院的一项研究，超过93%的00后年轻人对运动感兴趣。)”可知，年轻人对新运动更感兴趣。故答案为Young people.
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Gathered together through social media, people can enjoy new sports at many places in the city, from parks to the side of roads. (通过社交媒体聚集在一起，人们可以在城市的许多地方享受新的运动，从公园到路边。)”可知，人们在城市里在很多地方，从公园到路边，可以享受新的运动。故答案为At many places, from parks to the side of roads.
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Qianjiang Evening News also says that new sports are easier for new players to start, different from traditional sports, such as football and basketball, which usually require strict and difficult rules. Thus, new sports are less competitive but could bring more fun. (《钱江晚报》还表示，与足球、篮球等传统体育项目通常需要严格而困难的规则不同，新项目对新玩家来说更容易上手。因此，新的运动竞技性较低，但可以带来更多的乐趣。)”可知，据《钱江晚报》报道，新兴体育项目与传统体育项目的不同之处在于，新运动对新玩家来说更容易上手，或者说新的运动没有那么激烈，但可以带来更多的乐趣。故答案为New sports are easier for new players to start./New sports are less competitive but could bring more fun.
【44题详解】
主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了新型的体育运动给我们带来了新鲜的空气和更多的运动乐趣，所以本文的主要内容可概括为：新型体育运动。故答案为New sports.
北京市延庆区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题
【答案】31. A rubbish collector.
32. To climb Mount Qomolangma.
33. Very sad.
34. Great/Brave/Kind/Hardworking.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了清洁工Brian Kane在他30岁生日那天，开始了攀登珠穆朗玛峰的漫长而艰难的旅程。他看到四号营地有很多垃圾非常悲伤，于是在登顶返回时把一打空氧气瓶放在背包里，朝山下走去。
【31题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Brian Kane was a rubbish collector in Denver, Colorado.(Brian Kane是科罗拉多州丹佛市的一名清洁工)”可知，Brian Kane是一个清洁工。故答案为A rubbish collector.
【32题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段中“His job was a training ground for his lifelong dream: to climb Mount Qomolangma.(他的工作是他毕生梦想：攀登珠穆朗玛峰的训练场地)”可知，Brian的毕生梦想是攀登珠穆朗玛峰。故答案为To climb Mount Qomolangma.
【33题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Over the next two months, Brian climbed to 26, 000 feet, to Camp Four—the last place to rest below the top of the mountain. But when Brian saw this camp, he fell to his knees. “Rubbish!” he cried. Nearly a thousand empty oxygen containers littered the camp area. Humans had turned this beautiful, far-away place into a big rubbish pile. Brian was very sad.(在接下来的两个月里，Brian爬到了26000英尺的高度，到达了4号营地——山顶下最后一个休息的地方。但当布莱恩看到这个营地时，他跪倒在地。“垃圾! ”他喊道。将近一千个空氧气瓶散落在营地地区。人类把这个美丽而遥远的地方变成了一大堆垃圾。布莱恩很伤心)”可知，当Brian看到四号营地的垃圾堆时，他感到很悲伤。故答案为Very sad.
34题详解】
本题为开放性题目，言之有理即可。题干：你觉得Brian Kane怎么样？可回答：很好/勇敢/友善/努力工作。故答案为Great/Brave/Kind/Hardworking.
北京市石景山区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题
【答案】
【小题40】She was teased by her classmates.
【小题41】Because she liked being popular.
【小题42】After seeing the half-bare chicken, Catherine decided to help Landy overcome the difficulties. After seeing the half-bare chicken, Catherine decided to make an apology to Landy with the kids following her the next Monday.
【小题43】Teach children not to make fun of others and make Landy understand that sometimes shortcomings can turn into advantages, such as playing basketball, and she will be welcomed.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过叙述Catherine和Landy这对同桌的经历，展示了友情的力量和关爱他人的重要性。
【小题40】考查细节理解。根据第一段“Her deskmate, Landy, however, was not in the cool kids' group. Being the tallest kid in the class, she was teased (嘲笑)by her classmates, who were always chanting“Landy, Landy, long as spagheti (意大利面)”. (然而，她的同桌兰迪却不属于“酷孩子”组。作为班上最高的孩子，她总是被同学们取笑，他们总是高呼“兰迪，兰迪，像意大利面一样长”。)”可知，Landy总是被同学们取笑。故回答：She was teased by her classmates.
【小题41】考查细节理解。根据第三段"Catherine didn't really like it when the kids chanted “Landy, Landy, long as spaghetti". But she never told them to stop either, and nor did she ever talk to Landy. She liked being popular. (凯瑟琳真的不喜欢孩子们高呼“兰迪，兰迪，像意大利面一样长”。但她也从来没有让他们停下来，她也从来没有和兰迪说过话。她喜欢受欢迎)”可知，因为凯瑟琳喜欢受欢迎，所以她什么都不做。故回答：Because she liked being popular.
【小题42】考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“Oh, what a poor little thing!”Catherine let out a sigh as she scooped (捧起)the frightened chicken up in her arms. Suddenly, she thought of Landy!She was just like the poor little chicken, being teased and ignored by herclassmates, merely due to her special height. (“啊，多可怜的小东西啊!”凯瑟琳叹了口气，把受惊的小鸡抱在怀里。突然，她想起了兰蒂!她就像那只可怜的小鸡，仅仅因为她的身高而被同学们嘲笑和忽视)”以及最后一段"Catherine decided to make an apology toLandy with the kids following her the next Monday. (凯瑟琳决定下周一和孩子们一起向兰迪道歉)”可知，看到这只半裸的鸡后，凯瑟琳决定下周一和孩子们一起向兰迪道歉，而不是帮助她克服困难。故回答：After seeing the half-bare chicken, Catherine decided to help Landy overcome the difficulties. After seeing the half-bare chicken, Catherine decided to make an apology to Landy with the kidsfollowing her the next Monday.
【小题43】开放性问题。多教育孩子不要取笑他人，以及让Landy这样的孩子明白，有时缺点可以变为优点，比如去打篮球，她会收到欢迎。合理即可。故回答：Teach children not to make fun of others and make Landy understand that sometimes shortcomingscan turn into advantages, such as playing basketball, and she will be welcomed.
北京市西城区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题
【答案】53. Because he can practice a new language, meet new people, and learn new customs.
54. The big hotel, a fruit market, and the bus stop.
55. In time.
56. People in different places give directions in different ways.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了作者旅行时问路发现，不同国家的人指路的方式也不同，分别列举了日本、美国中西部的乡村、加州洛杉矶、希腊以及墨西哥的指路方式。
53题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“Sometimes I get lost, but I usually don’t mind. I can practice a new language, meet new people, and learn new customs.(有时我迷路了，但我通常不介意。我可以练习一门新的语言，认识新的人，学习新的习俗)”可知，作者不介意迷路是因为他可以练习一门新的语言，认识新的人，学习新的风俗习惯。故答案为Because he can practice a new language, meet new people, and learn new customs.
【54题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“In Japan, people use landmarks in their directions instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will say to travelers, “Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hotel and go pasta fruit market. The post office is across from the bus stop. ”(在日本，人们用地标来指路，而不是用街道名称。例如，日本人会对旅行者说：“直走到拐角处。在大饭店左转，去意大利面水果市场。邮局在公共汽车站的对面。”)”可知，第二段提到的地标有大饭店、水果市场和公共汽车站。故答案为The big hotel, a fruit market, and the bus stop.
【55题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段“People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map: they measure distance in Los Angeles in time, not miles.(加州洛杉矶的人不知道地图上的距离：他们在洛杉矶用时间来测量距离，而不是英里)”可知，洛杉矶人根据时间测量距离。故答案为In time.
【56题详解】
考查主旨大意。根据第一段“And I find out about different “styles” of giving directions every time I ask, “How can I get to the post office ”(每次我问“我怎么能去邮局？”时，我就会发现指路的不同“风格”)”结合文章主要说明了作者旅行时问路发现，不同国家的人指路的方式也不同，分别列举了日本、美国中西部的乡村、加州洛杉矶、希腊以及墨西哥的指路方式。可知，这篇文章主要讲的是不同地方的人指路的方式也不同。故答案为People in different places give directions in different ways.
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