北京市部分区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语汇编：阅读理解（含解析）

北京市部分区
2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编
阅读理解
北京市昌平区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The end of the school year is often when we celebrate student growth. I know how important it is for students to look back at everything they’ve achieved.
Students don’t always remember how far they’ve come over the year. When we praise students for their growth, we help them remember or see it themselves. This can help inspire them to continue learning. That’s why I’ve written this letter to my fifth-grade students.
Dear Students, I can’t believe it, but we’re coming to the end of our school year. Let’s look back at all you’ve done this year. I saw you learn to set goals, focus on learning, and find ways to deal with stress. I saw your confidence soar throughout the year. I saw you explore your interests and you taught me about the problems you care deeply about. I feel good knowing the world is in your hands! As you look back at all of these achievements, here are a few things I hope you remember next school year. Lifelong learners ask questions. You’ve learned how to ask this year, so keep asking! Stay curious. You are so much more than what can ever be shown with a test score or a grade. Don’t be afraid to make mistakes. Use mistakes as chances to learn and grow. Continue to get along well with your friends and teachers. I can tell you how lucky I was to be your teacher. Yours, Lily
I encourage you to write your own letter to your students. Personalize it for each student by adding a sticky note or a handwritten message to point out specific growth areas.
21. The author wrote the letter to students because ________.
A. it is a school tradition B. she has much to tell them
C. they remember how far they’ve come D. it can encourage them to keep learning
22 What does the teacher hope students remember
A. To set goals. B. To stay curious. C. To deal with stress. D. To build up confidence.
23. The passage is intended for ________.
A. Teachers B. Parents C. Teenagers D. School leaders
B
As a little boy, the first time I stepped into the Taekwondo dojang (跆拳道道场), I knew that I had discovered my interest. The physical training, mental focus, and spiritual development of Taekwondo drew me in, and I started a journey that would change my life.
My journey began as a White Belt filled with excitement. I was introduced to the basic skills, forms, and principles of Taekwondo. With each belt promotion (晋级), I faced new challenges. The training pushed me to test my limits and develop mental strength. Self-control became the most important part of my training. Early mornings and late nights were spent improving skills, perfecting forms, and pushing myself to the edge of tiredness. Taekwondo taught me valuable lessons, not just on the training floor but also in other areas of my life.
The path to the Black Belt was not without challenges. I experienced moments of frustration (挫折) and wanted to give up. However, it was during these challenging times that I discovered the power of determination (决心). With the support of my teachers and friends, I found the strength to push through the hard times. Each challenge became an opportunity for growth. Dealing with these challenges strengthened my desire to become a Black Belt and inspired me to keep pushing forward.
Beyond the physical and mental aspects, the art has taught me to treat others with kindness. It has allowed me to face life’s challenges with a calm and focused mind. Taekwondo has also taught me the importance of leadership, as I now have the opportunity to guide and inspire junior students on their own journeys.
Finally, after years of training and personal growth, I stand before you as a Black Belt. I have grown both physically and mentally, gaining valuable life skills along the way. As I continue my journey, I look forward to meeting new challenges and inspiring others.
24. What drew the author in Taekwondo
A. The support of teachers. B. The interest in Taekwondo.
C. The hope to change his life. D. The decision to start a journey.
25. What is the most important during the author’s training
A. Self-control. B. Leadership. C. A calm mind. D. Determination.
26. What do we know about the author
A. He never thought of giving up. B. His friends pushed him forward.
C He is ready for new challenges in life. D. His training was relaxing and meaningful.
27. The author wrote this passage to ________.
A. describe the training process B. express thankfulness to teachers
C. inspire others with personal growth D. show the importance of friendship
C
Getting older often involves a series of challenges, such as cognitive (认知) decline, late-life depression and social isolation. In a society that is aging fast, it has become important to find ways to promote successful aging to prevent and limit cognitive and emotional disorders. Music is a promising tool for improving cognition and promoting well-being.
Cognitive reserve (储备) is the mind’s power to stop age-related brain damage. Research has shown that stimulating (令人兴奋的) life experiences are linked with higher power to prevent age-related brain diseases. Music is known to be cognitively stimulating and it could contribute to building such reserve throughout the life course. Music makes unique demands on our nervous system, like cognitive control. For example, lifelong musical expert knowledge and skills seem to reduce cognitive decline. However, it is not necessary to be a professional musician to benefit from musical training. Research shows that even short-term musical training strengthens cognition in the elderly.
The brain is built to change over our lifetime, which can be shaped by experience. Importantly, this happens over time and in response to a specific new skill. Research studies have identified structural and functional differences between the brains of musicians and non-musicians, especially in regions related to motor control and auditory processing. Evidence shows that even short-term musical interventions (干预) can promote brain plasticity and increase grey matter volume. Even passive music listening can result in improved cognitive abilities.
Music can open forgotten doors to our memories — such as weddings, school dances, and parties — with little cognitive effort. Music helps to recall all the memories that you have connected with a song. The “reminiscence bump” is used to describe enhanced memory for events that occur during adolescence (青春期) and early adulthood that are often sharp. A song becomes a soundtrack for a particular time, such as during a summer hanging out with a specific group of friends.
Music has a great power to bring strong emotions and intense pleasure into your mind, thus changing mood. Music can be used as an aid for escaping from everyday life through imagination of your own memories. Moreover, musical activities often involve social functions promoting social contact, cooperation, and a sense of belonging with others.
In sum, music is a powerful tool to fight against aging-related emotional and cognitive disorders. Music is also considered as a social activity, accessible to anyone regardless of background. So, this intervention should become a major policy priority for health y aging.
28. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about music
A. The effect of music on musicians. B. The benefit of music for cognition.
C. The power of music over loneliness. D. The demand of music on nervous system.
29. The author uses “reminiscence bump” in Paragraph 4 to ________.
A. introduce a topic B. provide an opinion
C. compare with music D. explain an argument
30. What can we learn from the passage
A. Short-term musical training doesn’t work.
B. The brain can’t be influenced by experience.
C. Music can be used to limit emotional disorders.
D. Music is a powerful tool to fight against aging.
D
Whenever anyone asks me what tech I’d like to see invented, I always say the universal translator, which lets you understand and speak any language.
Meta AI recently announced the start of the universal speech translator (UST) project, which aims to create AI systems that enable real-time speech-to-speech translation across all languages, even those that are spoken but not commonly written. Meta says that today’s AI translation models are focused on widely-used written languages, and that more than 40% of primarily spoken languages are not covered by such translation technologies.
According to Meta, the model is the first AI-powered speech translation system for the unwritten language Hokkien (闽南语), a Chinese language spoken in southeastern China. The system allows Hokkien speakers to hold conversations with English speakers, a significant step toward bringing people together wherever they are located.
To build UST, Meta AI focused on overcoming three important translation system challenges. It addressed data scarcity by getting more training data in more languages and finding new ways to use the data it had found. It solved the modeling problems that arise as models grow to serve many more languages. And it sought new ways to improve on its results.
Meta AI claims that the techniques it pioneered with Hokkien can be extended to many other unwritten languages—and eventually work in real time. For this purpose, Meta has released the Speech Matrix, a large collection of speech-to-speech translations, which enables other research teams to create translation models for other languages.
Artificial (人工的) speech translation could play a significant role in our world. For interactions, it will enable people from around the world to communicate with each other more smoothly, making the social net more interconnected. For content, using artificial speech translation allows you to easily localize content.
Yashar Behzadi, CEO and founder of Synthesis AI, believes that technology needs to enable more natural experiences if the digital world is to succeed. He says that one of the current challenges for UST models is the computationally expensive training that’s needed because of the wide range and very slight differences in meaning or sound of languages. Also, to train strong AI models requires vast amounts of typical data. A significant bottleneck to building these AI models in the near future will be to ensure training data collect the privacy in agreement with rules and law.
31. What is the feature of the UST project
A. It changes spoken languages to written forms.
B It attracts wider attention to written languages in translation.
C. It adds 40% of spoken languages into translation technology.
D. It enables real-time speech-to-speech translation across all languages.
32. What does the word “scarcity” underlined in Paragraph 4 most probably mean
A. Lack. B. Mistake. C. Recovery. D. Management.
33. What do we know about UST
A. It is expensive to collect typical data.
B. It increases the use of a certain language.
C. Its techniques are finally developed for Hokkien.
D. It helps inspire interactions and content localization.
34. Which would be the best title for the passage
A. AI Translation: Make Translation Faster
B. AI Translation: Meet You in All Languages
C. Unwritten Language: Bring People Together
D. Unwritten Language: Translation Challenge
北京市顺义区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题
第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
In the past, working people in Britain only had holidays on “holy” (与宗教有关的) days such as Sundays and Christmas. Now most people have about four weeks’ holiday every year and public holidays which are also called “bank holidays”.
When
British people usually have their holidays in summer. Many working people take a two-week holiday in July or August. School children are on holiday from the end of July to the start of September. A second holiday break in winter or in spring is also becoming more popular in the UK.
Where
The most popular holiday places for British include Spain, France and the USA. Lots of people buy a kind of service which includes flights and a hotel or an apartment. Cheap flights to go abroad mean that many British people are able to spend two weeks a year holidaying abroad. Flights are much cheaper during school term time and the British government is worried that some young people are missing school to go on holiday. Parents who take their children on holiday during term time now have to pay a fine.
Things to See
British people also like to go on holiday in the UK. What can young British people do on a UK holiday Here are a few examples. Alton Towers is one of the top UK parks. It is famous for its scaring rides and is very popular with teenagers. The Eden Project is an environmental project in the south-west of England, where you can see plants from all around the world.
Independent Holidays
Some teenagers want to spend their holidays doing something without their family. A language exchange (交换) is one way to be more independent and learn more language skills. A British teenager spends a week or two in a foreign country, staying with a family who has a son or daughter of the same age, and practising the local language. Later the foreign teenager visits the UK to practise English with the British family.
25. When are British people likely to go on holiday
A. In spring. B. In summer. C. In autumn. D. In winter.
26. According to the passage, the British government is afraid that ________.
A. students pay a fine for the holiday
B. people buy cheap flights to other countries
C. people spend two weeks holidaying abroad
D. students have holidays instead of going to school
27. Which of the following is the benefit of independent holidays
A. Teenagers can get better at language skills.
B. People can see plants from all over the world.
C. People can take part in environmental projects.
D Teenagers can enjoy scaring rides independently.
28. All of the following information is mentioned in the passage EXCEPT ________.
A. the time of British having holidays
B. popular places of interest in the UK
C. people’s favorite hotels or apartments
D. teenagers’ special independent holidays
29. The passage is written to ________.
A help people buy cheap flights to go abroad
B. tell the way to become independent teenagers
C. call on people to have their holidays in the UK
D. offer information about British people’s holidays
B
Li Jing, 29, is a native of Cuijiaba, a small town in Hubei Province. She was one of the first people from her community to go for higher education. After graduation, she worked in Wuhan first, and then she changed her decision last year to return to her village.
“I want to be a part of my hometown’s development and bring about real changes to our villagers while realizing my own personal value,” Li said.
After returning to her hometown, Li received strong support from her family, while there were some villagers who questioned her decision. She decided to show her love to the hometown through action.
Her job included a great deal of communication with the villagers mainly to increase potato production. “We regularly hold meetings in the village square, where we share ideas on potato planting skills, selling methods, market changes and more,” Li said.
To increase sales outside the village, the young workforce in the village chose to go into the world of livestreaming(直播). This new marketing method has produced satisfying results. Together with other methods like doing online business on websites and apps, the money that a family can get from potato sales in a year has risen sharply from 1,000 yuan to the present number of 20,000 yuan, according to Li.
However, the road to success is not always easy. “At first, some people were not willing to accept the new ideas,” Li said. But Li didn’t force them. Instead, she chose to communicate with effort. Li and her workmates would also search online for other villages’ success stories about the application of livestreaming, and shared them with villagers. She knew communications took a lot of time and energy, but she believed it’s all worth it. Li said, “True smiles on the faces of the villagers are the best gifts for me.”
In the near future, Li hopes to continue helping her villagers raise their potato production and earn more money. Her long-term goal is to help rural areas further develop and integrate(结合) with the city. She said hopefully, “We will continually find ways to bring happiness to the villagers and the long-term development to the countryside.”
30. Li Jing returned to her hometown mainly to ________.
A. work in the government
B. bring great changes to her family
C. realize her dream of being a farmer
D. contribute to the local development
31. When questioned by some villagers, Li Jing ________.
A. turned to her family for help
B. defended herself at meetings
C. took action to help the villagers
D. immediately went back to cities
32. Li and the villagers increased the potato sales mainly by ________.
A. putting up ads on TVs
B. taking up livestreaming
C. producing satisfying results
D. communicating with other villagers
33 What does Li think of the future plan in the rural areas
A. Promising. B. Doubtful. C. Challenging. D. Fearful.
34. What can we learn from the passage
A. All good things come to an end.
B. Where there is a will, there is a way.
C. You cannot eat your cake and have it.
D. A single flower does not make a spring.
C
Is your teen time really that different from that of your parents or grandparents
Weak. Easy to be angry. Addicted to their phones. Are these what come to mind when we think of the teens of this generation (一代人) While there may be a little of truth to this thought, there might be more to the teens of this generation than what is generally seen.
Never before have the lives of any generation been as connected with mobile technology and social media as the teens of this generation. It follows then that there will be some problems resulting from this new age of technology. The popular use of social media has led to a world in which teens are responsible to join. Compared to the parents or grandparents who were likely less connected, these teens are “busy” in their social circles. It is no wonder then that the health of this generation’s teens has been damaged.
Moreover, the teens today are more independent. This is quite different from the more village spirit or community thought of the parents’ and grandparents’ times. Gone is the relationship among neighbours who are friendly with one another and quick to offer a helping hand when they see another in need. In its place, we have teens who may not even know who lives in the unit next to theirs, much less offer a friendly nod or wave when they happen to cross streets with a neighbour.
Yet, the influences of technology on the teens of this generation are not all bad. The very connectedness that social media brings about has led to an opening of minds and a development of dialogue among people of various cultures and backgrounds. Using social media means that one can know those people and their different ways of life. The parents or grandparents of this generation probably did not have the same chance to get to know people outside of their social circles at their age, so they may have fixed ideas of people different from them. The teens of this generation, on the other hand, has the chance to use this technology to learn more about and try to understand the various things out there. As a result, this might be why the teens of this generation are generally more open-minded than their parents and grandparents.
All in all, the teens of this generation are different in many ways from their elders. Every generation is a product of the events of their time and this generation therefore is different from past generations, with the changes around them at the same time.
35. Which statement is correct according to the passage
A. Most old people may not know their next-door neighbors.
B. People usually think the new generation is stronger and calmer.
C. Social media and technology may bring some influences to teens.
D. The new generation may have fixed ideas of people different from them.
36. What does the underlined word “damaged” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean
A. Broken. B. Relieved.
C. Increased. D. Developed.
37. According to the writer, which of the following words can best describe the new generation
A. Brave and smart.
B. Open and independent.
C. Friendly and confident.
D. Responsible and patient.
38. What can we learn from Paragraph 5
A. The new generation is better because of their age.
B. Technology has bad influences on the old generation.
C. People use social media to learn different people.
D. The use of social media brings some benefits to the new generation.
39. Which would be the best title (标题) for this passage
A. How Does the New Generation Change the Culture
B. How Are Teens Today Different from Past Generations
C. What Are the Weaknesses of the Old and New Generation
D. What Are the Influences of Technology on the New Generation
北京市延庆区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题
第一节：阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
16. How long will it take to complete the writing course
A. 2 hours. B. 4 hours. C. 4.5 hours. D. 6 hours.
17. If you attend “How to be a time manager”, you will produce ________.
A. a study plan B. written works C. text summaries D. a questionnaire
18. Which course can help you understand yourself better
A. Writing for your course. B. How to be a time manager.
C. A better reader. D. Which position for me.
19. The passage probably comes from ________.
A. A science report. B. A website. C. A guidebook. D. A menu.
B
Tommy Rhomberg was a twelve-year-old young boy in Iowa. Last summer, his home state was destroyed by Great Derecho. He soon came up with a creative idea to raise money for his community by making and selling baseball bats out of wood brought down by the storm.
The idea for the bats originally began as Tommy prepared a birthday gift for his friend. Then many others expressed interest in owning Great Derecho bats of their own. At first, Tommy didn’t take it seriously, but since so many people in the area needed help after the storm, he determined to make a difference to them.
The first bat took Tommy 10 hours to carve and sand (用砂纸打磨) out of a tree branch that had fallen in his yard. With blisters (水泡) on his hands, Tommy had to refuse his brother’s request for making another bat. But as he began receiving more orders, he streamlined the process with a machine with the help of his grandfather. Tommy promised $20 from each order would go to the local disaster relief fund to rebuild the community.
When asked why he started the “bat business”, Tommy replied, “We got kind of lucky with the storm. We didn’t have much damage, but just driving around town there were people with houses destroyed, and I just wanted to raise money so we could help them rebuild. I feel like it’s really helping people.”
Tommy has made more than 100 bats, raising more than $2,500 to help out his community, and orders have come in from as far as Arizona and Connecticut. Tommy is not taking additional orders at the moment, but it’s possible that he’ll make more bats in the future, according to his website.
20. What does the underlined words “Great Derecho” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A. A place. B. A person. C. A storm. D. An idea.
21. Tommy made the first bat because .
A. his brother asked him to make one B. his grandfather suggested producing one
C. he wanted to give his friend a gift D. he was interested in playing baseball
22. What did Tommy do for the community
A. He collected the wood. B. He donated money.
C. He rebuilt the school. D. He repaired the machine.
23. What can we learn from the story
A. Well begun, half done. B. Don’t judge a book by its cover.
C. A friend in need is a friend indeed. D. Little people can make a big difference.
C
EQ means people’s ability to understand their own feelings and the feelings of others.
It is the ability to perceive, interpret, demonstrate, control, evaluate, and use emotions to communicate with and relate to others effectively and constructively. This ability to express and control emotions is essential, but so is the ability to understand, interpret, and respond to the emotions of others. Some experts suggest that emotional intelligence is more important than IQ for success in life.
It is generally believed that people with high EQs are open to new ideas and have positive attitudes towards life. They are also less likely to be troubled by internal problems. On the other hand, there is little doubt that people with low EQs often have problems getting on with other people and dealing with difficult situations; hence they have a harder time adjusting in life and in their careers.
People generally believe that a person’s IQ is determined by birth. However, most social scientists agree that EQ has a lot to do with education. Some are trying to study the possibility of improving a person’s EQ, especially in terms of “people kills”, such as understanding and communication.
Professor Mayer, recognised by many as a leading expert in the study of changes to people’s EQs, recently announced the results of a study on senior secondary school students. When students were introduced to those who had disabilities, they found that, afterwards, the non-disabled students were more willing to help people with pared to students who had not been involved in the study, they also showed a better understanding of the disabled students’ feelings. There was also an obvious change in the disabled students’ attitudes. They became more positive about life and more willing to try new things.
Altogether, the results of studies show that EQ is as important, if not more important than IQ. To get ahead in the world and lead a happy successful life requires getting on well with other people and being able to understand and react to situations in the best way possible. A high EQ is necessary for this—the higher the better. And the fact that it might be possible to raise EQs means that schools need to make sure that their students are receiving an education they really need, not solely based on IQ but on developing the entire character.
24. What is mainly talked about in the first two paragraphs
A What is EQ B. What is IQ
C. the relationship between EQ and IQ D. the difference between EQ and IQ
25. According to the passage, which is the characteristics of people with high EQ
A. try new things B. brave in dangers
C. believe everybody around D. give chance to others
26. Which one of the following is not Professor Mayer’s opinion on EQ
A can be improved B. is related to education
C. is determined by birth D. can help people get a good job
27. What methods the writer uses to support his arguments ________.
(1) giving examples
(2) using data
(3) citing ideas from expert or authors
(4) referring to common knowledge
A. (1)(2)(3) B. (1)(2)(4) C. (2)(3)(4) D. (1)(3)(4)
北京市通州区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题
第一节 (共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Dear Mr Lande Bandarage,
Congratulations! Your application to study Bachelor of Information Technology at Victoria University (VU) has been successful. I’m pleased to offer you the opportunity to study at VU as an international student.
VU has a long history of providing high-quality education, through predecessor (前身) institutions, including the Footscray Technical School which was founded in 1916. In 2016, we proudly celebrated 100 years of history and our 25th anniversary (周年庆) as a university.
Today we have 48,900 students, including over 9,400 students studying a VU course at one of our partner institutions in China, Malaysia, Vietnam and Singapore.
By selecting VU you will study at one of the top 4% of universities in the world. With more than 24,000 alumni (校友) working or residing outside Australia, a qualification from VU will prepare you for an international career.
This document contains important information about your courses including costs and your rights and obligations. If you have any questions about your offer, please email intapps@vu.edu.au.
To accept your offer to study at VU, you must:
1.Read the terms and conditions of this Letter of Offer very carefully,
2.Sign this Letter of Offer in Section 14,
3.Pay the fees in Section 8,
4.Return this whole document to VU.
Please note that if this offer includes one or more conditions for entry into a course you will not be able to accept it until these conditions have been met. Any conditions are specified in Section 5 of this letter. We look forward to welcoming you to Victoria University.
Yours sincerely,
Dimi Christou
Senior Manager, International Admissions Victoria University
21. What is this text
A. A university offer. B. A course advertisement.
C. An application for a university. D. An invitation to an alumni event.
22. What do we know about VU
A. It has a 100-year history as a university. B. It is among the world’s top universities.
C. It will take in 24,000 international students. D. It has 48,900 students at its partner institutions.
23. How should Lande send his acceptance reply
A. By emailing intapps@vu.edu.au.
B. By reading the terms and writing a new letter to Dimi.
C. By paying the fees and returning the signed document to VU.
D. By providing evidence of his meeting all conditions in Section 8.
B
Chen Guanghui is a guardian for black-necked cranes (黑颈鹤) in the Dashanbao Black-necked Crane National Nature Reserve of Zhaotong city, in southwest China’s Yunnan Province. Whistling is the secret language Chen uses to communicate with the black-necked cranes, a type of migratory bird under first-class protection in China. She says different whistles signal different things. When she whistles in an increasing tone, she tries to tell the cranes: ask your companions to come back for lunch, and they would chirp (吱喳叫) to spread the message right away.
Living near the Dashanbao Nature Reserve, a major winter habitat for the rare species, Chen started to take care of them in 2003, a mission she took over from her mother, whose devotion dates back to the 1990s. “In the first few days, I remembered they ran away as soon as I approached them. I was very upset and asked my mom to come back, and I was worried they would starve,” says Chen. “I first tried everything, even singing folk songs to attract them, but failed. Later, I used special whistles and gradually formed close bond with the cranes.”
“I treat them as if they were my own children, and I’m always concerned about them, especially during snowy days when they can’t get food. I feel uncomfortable and anxious when I hear them chirp and usually rush to prepare corn for them.” It’s never been an easy job, and Chen has sustained quite a few injuries over the years, even falling into frozen marsh (沼泽) while trying to save a trapped crane in 2008. However, she never gave up. With love and responsibility, she has persisted in caring for the cranes for about 20 years.
Thanks to the joint protection efforts of Chen and staff members at the nature reserve, now more than 1,900 black-necked cranes overwinter in the area each season every year, up from about 300 when the nature reserve was established.
24. How does Chen Guanghui communicate with black-necked cranes
A. By singing folk songs. B. By making hand gestures.
C. By imitating chirps of birds. D. By blowing special whistles.
25. What do the underlined words “a mission” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. Rescuing injured animals. B. Restoring habitats for rare species.
C. Looking after black-necked cranes. D. Building Dashanbao Nature Reserve.
26. What can we learn from Chen’s story
A. Efforts bear fruit. B. Virtue is its own reward.
C. Fortune favors the brave. D. A miss is as good as a mile.
C
Have you ever had the feeling that you can’t think when there is too much noise around Did you ever think a fish could experience that feeling too A recent paper published in Science titled “Soundscape (声景) of the Anthropocene Oceans”, combined over 10,000 scientific papers, confirming that undersea life knows that exact same feeling, more often than not. Anthropogenic (人为的) ocean noise, also known as underwater noise pollution, has created a dramatic impact on marine life due to “human-caused” activity within and neighboring our oceans.
Disney Pixar’s animated film Finding Nemo educated us about the ocean, and specifically within the ordinary world of a clown fish. A fact many may not know is that clown fish spend the first part of their lives as larvae (幼体), drifting with the current of the ocean until they become strong enough to swim against it. Once they are powerful and strong, they head home in sheltered coral reefs. There is only one drawback-the fish can’t physically see the reef, but they can hear it. The only problem is, if they can’t hear it, will they ever make it home
Our anthropogenic ocean noise, such as cargo ships, ship and boat propellers (螺旋桨), surfing, deep sea mining, etc. are causing destruction of marine life. According to Time, sound is the sensory signal that travels the farthest through the ocean. Anthropogenic noise drowns out the natural soundscapes, putting marine life under immense stress. Altogether, this stress then affects their general health, disrupts their behavior, physiology, reproduction and, in extreme cases, causes death. Marine life can adapt to noise pollution, however, only if they can escape it. This only renders further complications of forcing species to leave their traditional breeding regions or their families.
Now, what if we told you there is already a solution Multiple solutions, ideas and designs are currently in the works or already exist to reduce and reverse the damage of anthropogenic ocean noise. As Time explains, from wind-powered ships to noise-reducing propellers, floating wind turbines and “bubble curtains” that muffle construction noise, the solutions are already available and in some cases, cost-effective. The authors of the paper hope it will catch the attention of policymakers, who historically speaking, have ignored the matter still to this day.
Of all the challenges ocean creatures are battling, luckily sound pollution is the easiest compromise (妥协方案) humans can make. Once the noise has decreased, marine life will be able to better manage everything else it is up against.
27. What do we know about “Soundscape of the Anthropocene Oceans”
A. It analyses how sound travels in the ocean.
B. It discusses different types of ocean pollution.
C. It explores the effects of noise pollution on sea life.
D. It studies how sea animals communicate with each other.
28. The author mentions clown fish in Paragraph 2 to ________.
A. present their life cycles
B. show how terrible their living conditions are
C. introduce a famous animation about the ocean world
D. stress the importance of natural soundscapes to sea life
29. What does the underlined word “renders” probably mean in Paragraph 3
A. Reduces. B. Causes. C. Solves. D. Prevents.
30. The author writes the article to ________.
A. publicize the knowledge of soundscape
B. regulate human’s activities on the ocean
C. emphasize the importance of animal protection
D. draw people’s attention to anthropogenic ocean noise
D
The issue of how to feed a growing population is a crucial issue for the 21st century. The issue was high on the agenda (当务之急) at the recent United Nations Climate Change Conference in Egypt. According to the UN, by 2050, we will need to produce 60% more food to feed a world population of 9.3 billion.
Cambridge Judge Business School supports a number of businesses which aim to promote sustainable agriculture practices. One of the most important fields is precision (精准) agriculture, the science of improving crop yields and assisting management decisions using the latest technology. Outfield Technologies is targeted at high value fruit farming. Farmers buy their own drones (无人机), and then the Outfield software creates flight plans over the farm and processes the images taken by the drones.
By counting the fruit on branches and measuring trees, farmers can see where to apply fertiliser with greater precision, reducing usage and improving soil sustainability. Outfield’s software can also recommend where to start harvesting to reduce waste and labour costs. The rising cost of labour globally has become a huge issue within the agricultural industry, for reasons including the shortage of backpackers (some of whom become seasonal workers) in New Zealand, and the rise of minimum pay in South Africa.
The data gathered by drones can also predict yields. “Priming” the supply chain ensures a smoother journey from the farm to fruit bowl in your home. When an apple is picked, it is stored in a refrigerated environment for up to six months before being transported to a pack house to be washed, sorted, packaged, before being moved to a delivery centre and finally appearing on supermarket shelves. The chain depends heavily on transportation, but by predicting yields, Outfield aims to reduce waste as traders can predict fruit levels and reduce greenhouse gases caused by refrigerated storage.
Outfield co-founder Oil Hilbourne said, “The agricultural industry needs more investment to change. More money for 5G, education and investment in start-ups.”
31. What does Outfield Technologies do for farmers
A. It offers them free flights.
B. It oversees farms for them.
C. It teaches them about high value fruits.
D. It uses drone-taken images to advertise farms.
32. What labour problems are different countries facing
A. Pay in South Africa is very low.
B. South Africa can’t agree on minimum pay.
C. Backpackers in New Zealand fail to get paid fairly.
D. New Zealand isn’t drawing enough seasonal workers.
33. By gathering data by drone, the Outfield tries to_________.
A. boost the yield of fruit B. make sure the fruit can keep fresh
C. ensure the fruits are transported timely D. provide more convenient services to customers
34. Which would be the best title for the passage
A. The future of farming B. The trend of fruit picking
C. The promising market of high value fruits D. The positive effects of farming on environment
北京市西城区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题
III. 阅读理解(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分，共 30 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Get To Know This Sweet and Spiky Fruit
What Are Rambutans
The rambutan is a tropical fruit native to Malaysia, now grown throughout South East Asia as well as Puerto Rico, Mexico, and Central America. A cousin of the more well-known lychee, both fruits are members of the soapberry family. Rambutans have brownish-pink shells (壳) that are covered in hair-like bristles—in fact, the name rambutan comes from “rambut”, the Malay word for “hair”. The inner white fruit of the rambutan is juicy and sweet. Some say that the rambutan tastes like a sweet green grape.
How to Eat Rambutans
Rambutans are most often enjoyed fresh but also sometimes cooked, used to make rambutan jam. Because of their hard shells, they transport well and are ideal for packed lunches and picnics. They are easily added to cold dishes like fruit salads.
Rambutan Nutrition and Benefits
Rambutans are rich in vitamin C which helps strengthen the immune system and support brain health. Therefore, rambutans make a healthy sweet snack any time of day. Rambutans are low in calories and also rich in fiber (纤维).
Where to Buy Rambutans
Fresh rambutans from abroad can be found in supermarkets nationwide. You can also find rambutans in Chinese and South East Asian markets, both fresh and canned. Though they can be found year round, look for fresh rambutans when they are most plentiful in August and September. When choosing rambutans, pick those that are dark reddish-brown in color. Very pale, light colored rambutans may not be ready to eat.
__________
While you don’t have to immediately put rambutans in a fridge, they will last longer if you do so. To avoid loss of freshness, wrap rambutans in paper and then in a breathable plastic bag.
16. Which are rambutans
A. B.
C. D.
17. Why is the rambutan considered a healthy snack
A. The inner white fruit is juicy and sweet. B. It can be enjoyed fresh or cooked.
C. It has a lot of vitamin C. D. It has zero calories.
18. Which is the best heading for the last paragraph
A. When to Save Rambutans B. Where to Keep Rambutans
C. Why to Wrap Rambutans D. How to Store Rambutans
B
Rudolph plays football for Florida State University. When he was visiting a middle school in Florida one Tuesday, he noticed sixth-grader Leo eating his lunch alone. Rudolph grabbed a couple pieces of pizza and joined Leo at his table.
Leo has autism, a condition that can make it hard to make friends and communicate with other people. His mother always worries about him. Two days later, she saw a picture of Rudolph and Leo eating together and it made her so happy that she cried. Then, she shared the picture on the Internet, along with a message about how thankful she was. The story became popular very quickly.
“We just had a great conversation. He started off telling me his name is Leo, telling me how much he loves Florida State. We went from there, ” said Rudolph. “It was really easy. He had a nice smile on his face. Just a really warm person.”
Leo’s mother said that middle school can be hard, and she worries about how other kids will treat her son. “Sometimes I’m thankful for his autism. That may sound like a terrible thing to say, but in some ways I think — I hope — it shields him, ” she said.
“He doesn’t seem to notice when people look at him when he flaps (拍打) his hands,” she said. “He doesn’t seem to notice that he doesn’t get invited to birthday parties. And he doesn’t seem to mind if he eats lunch alone.”
The mother said the photo of Rudolph and Leo’s lunch date helped teach people about autism. “The picture speaks more than a thousand words. You can see how far away the rest of the students are, but you can see how engaged Rudolph is with Leo,” she added.
“I just wanted to go say hi to the kid, because I saw him eating alone. I didn’t even know anybody took a photo of it.” Rudolph said he was glad that the story was helping others.
Leo is excited that Rudolph signed his lunch box, and is enjoying all of the attention. “It’s been awesome. Everyone was so proud of me,” Leo said.
Leo and his mother have been invited to dinner with the football team and possibly to a game
19. Rudolph chose to eat with Leo because he _______________.
A. knew Leo suffered from autism B. wanted to make friends with Leo
C. promised to sign Leo’s lunchbox D. saw no one sitting at the table with Leo
20. Leo’s mother shared the picture on the Internet to ________________.
A. show her thankfulness B. teach people about autism
C. help her son to become famous D. make the other students feel ashamed
21. What did Leo’s mother mean by saying the sentence underlined in Paragraph 4
A. Autism protects Leo from being treated badly at school.
B. Autism causes Leo to receive positive public attention.
C. Autism makes Leo not realize his social challenges.
D. Autism helps Leo escape from social activities.
22. What can we learn from this passage
A. One good turn deserves another. B. A loss may turn out to be a gain.
C. A little kindness goes a long way. D. Chance favors the prepared mind.
C
Guardian Angels are people who travel on the New York subways and protect other passengers from criminals (罪犯). They are volunteers: they don’t get paid anything to do this job. The Guardian Angels would never have appeared without a young man named Curtis Sliwa.
Forty-three years ago, if you’d wanted to travel home late at night on the New York subway, you wouldn’t have felt very safe. Luckily, on February 13, 1979, at 3:00 a. m. , the first safety patrol (巡逻)—called The Team—went into action. Curtis Sliwa and his friend Don Chin began to cleanup crime on one of New York’s toughest subway lines, the Number 4 train. However, this was not a job for two, but a job for 13, so thirteen brave people walked into the last car of the Number 4 subway line in New York City—the “Mugger’s Express”. If they saw a danger of violence (暴力), they stopped it, using non-violent means. The group became known as the “Magnificent 13”.
The Magnificent 13 soon went from thirteen members to hundreds and they changed their name to the Guardian Angels Safety Patrol (GASP). At first, GASP faced opposition from the police, but they had the strong support of the public. Today, the Guardian Angels can be found all over the US. If you travel by subway, you will see them wearing red hats and white T-shirts. Although Guardian Angels are not armed, if they’re present, a criminal will think twice before committing a crime.
The Guardian Angels also train young people to join them in their fight against crime. They believe that if they train groups of volunteers to patrol dangerous areas in New York, the city will be safer for everybody. “If we had more volunteers, we would be able to reduce the problems many cities face: violence, crime, and drugs. ”
They have also started after-school training programs inside high schools and community centers. If young people visit the Guardian Angels Headquarters (总部), volunteers will talk to them about their work and will then guide them through the Times Square area. It’s fun. It’s safe and meaningful!
23. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A. The changes brought by the Magnificent 13.
B. The birth of the Guardian Angels Safety Patrol.
C The subway lines that the Guardian Angels patrolled.
D The reason why Curtis Sliwa wanted to stop subway crime.
24. What can we learn from the passage
A. The police influenced the public’s opinions about GASP.
B. Volunteers play an active role in reducing crime in New York.
C. The Magnificent 13 put an end to crime on the Mugger’s Express.
D. The Guardian Angels sometimes turn to violence to keep passengers safe.
25. What can young people do at the Guardian Angels Headquarters
A. Talk to the leader of GASP. B. Take part in training programs.
C. Carry out safety patrols with guides. D. Get educated about the Guardian Angels’work.
26. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
A. To publicize a social service group. B. To call attention to public safety concerns.
C. To introduce Curtis Sliwa’s great contributions. D. To present new ways to reduce crime in society.
D
Bed rotting — the practice of spending long periods of time just staying under the covers with snacks, screens and other creature comforts — is gaining popularity on social media. Some Generation Z trend followers are now viewing it as a form of self-care, but doctors warn too much could be “sign of depression”. Are these extended breaks really wise for one’s mental health — or could they be a cause for concern
Dr. Ryan Sultan, a professor at Columbia University in New York, who treats many young people, called the bed rotting trend attractive. “In our culture today, with too much to do, too many expectations and too much productivity, many young individuals (个人) are feeling burned out and often aren’t getting enough sleep. It’s easy to see why taking time off to lie around is attractive,” Sultan said. “In many ways, this is beneficial. It’s a chance to get away from real-life problems and clear your head before returning to life in a better state of mind, ” he added.
For the downside, however, he said a long-term need or desire for bed rotting could do harm to one’s physical health. Spending too many daytime hours in bed — awake or not — could destroy sleep schedules. Our brains are fine-tuned for sleep in darkness and alertness in light. Lying in bed half-asleep during the day will worsen sleep schedules — once that happens, it is a challenge to fix. It could also lead to blood pressure problems and obesity (肥胖).
Long-term need or desire for bed rotting could also be a warning sign of depression, according to a mental health expert. Dr. Marc Siegel, professor of medicine at NYU Langone Medical Center and a Fox News medical contributor, agreed that while some downtime can be useful in terms of de-stressing and rejuvenation (更新), too much bed rotting is a bad health practice. In addition to increasing the risk of depression, it contributes to decreased motivation (动力) as well.
Instead of bed rotting, Siegel recommends regular exercise as a better form of de- stressing. While the occasional lazy day can be beneficial, too much could have the opposite effect. If it happens every day, that’s a fairly sensitive test for depression. Those who lack the motivation to get out of bed could also try calling or texting a family member for support, socializing with close friends, finding a small task to complete, or reaching out to a medical professional for help.
27. According to Dr. Ryan Sultan, why do young people like bed rotting
A. They are fond of what is popular on social media. B. They are unwilling to socialize with friends.
C. Bed rotting is away to escape stress. D. Bed rotting helps fix sleep schedules.
28. What does the word “fine-tuned” underlined in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Quickly-activated. B. Well-trained. C. Badly-needed. D. Ill-equipped.
29. What can we learn from the passage
A Being lazy from time to time can be good for individuals.
B. Sleeping in light can increase the risk of depression.
C. Bed rotting can allow people to avoid expectations.
D. Feeling down leads to decreased motivation.
30. What is the passage mainly talking about
A. Different opinions on how to become motivated.
B. Main causes of the long-term need for bed rotting.
C. Practical suggestions for young people to deal with stress.
D. Possible problems from lying in bed for extended periods of time.
答案：
北京市昌平区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了作为老师，作者给学生写信的原因，以及介绍了书信内容，同时作者鼓励老师要给学生写信。
21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“This can help inspire them to continue learning. That’s why I’ve written this letter to my fifth-grade students.(这可以帮助激励他们继续学习。这就是我给五年级学生写这封信的原因)”可知，作者给学生写这封信是因为它可以鼓励他们继续学习，故选D。
22题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格内倒数第四段“ Stay curious. (保持好奇心。)”可知，老师希望学生记住的是要保持好奇心，故选B。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I encourage you to write your own letter to your students.(我鼓励你给你的学生写一封信)”可推知，这篇文章是写给老师的，故选A。
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. C 27. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者的跆拳道之路。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“As a little boy, the first time I stepped into the Taekwondo dojang, I knew that I had discovered my interest. The physical training, mental focus, and spiritual development of Taekwondo drew me in, and I started a journey that would change my life. (当我还是个小男孩的时候，第一次踏入跆拳道道场，我就知道我发现了自己的兴趣所在。跆拳道的体能训练、精神集中和精神发展吸引了我，我开始了一段改变我一生的旅程。)”可知，作者对跆拳道的兴趣导致作者学习跆拳道。故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Self-control became the most important part of my training. (自我控制成为我训练中最重要的部分。)”可知，自我控制是作者训练中最重要的部分。故选A。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。由文章最后一段“Finally, after years of training and personal growth, I stand before you as a Black Belt. I have grown both physically and mentally, gaining valuable life skills along the way. As I continue my journey, I look forward to meeting new challenges and inspiring others. (最后，经过多年的训练和个人成长，我以黑带的身份站在你们面前。我的身心都得到了成长，并在此过程中获得了宝贵的生活技能。在我的旅程中，我期待着迎接新的挑战并激励他人。)”可知，作者已准备好迎接生活中的新挑战。故选C。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Finally, after years of training and personal growth, I stand before you as a Black Belt. I have grown both physically and mentally, gaining valuable life skills along the way. As I continue my journey, I look forward to meeting new challenges and inspiring others. (最后，经过多年的训练和个人成长，我以黑带的身份站在你们面前。我的身心都得到了成长，并在此过程中获得了宝贵的生活技能。在我的旅程中，我期待着迎接新的挑战并激励他人。)”可知，作者写这段话是为了用个人成长激励他人。故选C。
【答案】28. B 29. D 30. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了音乐如何成为一种有效的工具，用于预防和减缓与衰老相关的认知和情感障碍。文章指出，音乐具有刺激认知、促进情感健康、增强社交联系的作用。同时，它强调了音乐对大脑塑造和促进脑可塑性的重要性，无论是长期的音乐训练还是短期的干预都可以带来益处。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Cognitive reserve (储备) is the mind’s power to stop age-related brain damage. Research has shown that stimulating (令人兴奋的) life experiences are linked with higher power to prevent age-related brain diseases. Music is known to be cognitively stimulating and it could contribute to building such reserve throughout the life course. Music makes unique demands on our nervous system, like cognitive control. For example, lifelong musical expert knowledge and skills seem to reduce cognitive decline. However, it is not necessary to be a professional musician to benefit from musical training. Research shows that even short-term musical training strengthens cognition in the elderly.(认知储备是大脑阻止与年龄相关的脑损伤的能力。研究表明，刺激的生活经历与预防与年龄有关的脑部疾病的能力有关。众所周知，音乐具有认知刺激作用，有助于在整个生命过程中建立这种储备。音乐对我们的神经系统提出了独特的要求，比如认知控制。例如，终身的音乐专业知识和技能似乎可以减少认知能力的下降。然而，从音乐训练中获益并不一定要成为一名专业音乐家。研究表明，即使是短期的音乐训练也能增强老年人的认知能力)”可知，第二段主要介绍了音乐具有认知刺激作用，终身的音乐专业知识和技能似乎可以减少认知能力的下降，即使是短期的音乐训练也能增强老年人的认知能力。所以本段主要告诉我们音乐对认知的好处。故选B项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。第四段中上文“Music can open forgotten doors to our memories — such as weddings, school dances, and parties — with little cognitive effort. Music helps to recall all the memories that you have connected with a song.(几乎不需要认知上的努力，音乐就可以打开我们遗忘的记忆之门，比如婚礼、学校舞会和派对。音乐可以帮助你回忆起与一首歌有关的所有记忆)”提出“音乐可以很容易地帮助我们回忆起过往记忆”。而下文“The “reminiscence bump” is used to describe enhanced memory for events that occur during adolescence (青春期) and early adulthood that are often sharp. A song becomes a soundtrack for a particular time, such as during a summer hanging out with a specific group of friends.(“回忆凸起”被用来描述对发生在青春期和成年早期的事件的记忆增强，这些事件通常是剧烈的。一首歌会成为某个特定时刻的配乐，比如在夏天和一群特定的朋友出去玩的时候)”提出“回忆凸起”这一概念来对其作出解释，说明音乐会成为某个特定时刻的配乐，有助于唤醒“回忆凸起”。所以作者在第四段中使用了“回忆凸起”来解释其观点。故选D项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Getting older often involves a series of challenges, such as cognitive (认知的) decline, late-life depression and social isolation. In a society that is aging fast, it has become important to find ways to promote successful aging to prevent and limit cognitive and emotional disorders.(变老通常会带来一系列挑战，比如认知能力下降、晚年抑郁和社会孤立。在一个快速老龄化的社会中，找到促进成功老龄化以预防和限制认知和情感障碍的方法变得非常重要)”和最后一段中“In sum, music is a powerful tool to fight against aging-related emotional and cognitive disorders. (总之，音乐是对抗与衰老相关的情绪和认知障碍的有力工具)”可推知，音乐可以用来对抗与衰老相关的情绪和限制情感障碍。故选C项。
【答案】31. D 32. A 33. D 34. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了Meta AI最近宣布启动通用语音翻译器项目，该项目旨在创建能够跨所有语言进行实时语音到语音翻译的人工智能系统。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Meta AI recently announced the start of the universal speech translator (UST) project, which aims to create AI systems that enable real-time speech-to-speech translation across all languages, even those that are spoken but not commonly written. (Meta AI最近宣布启动通用语音翻译器 (UST) 项目，该项目旨在创建能够在所有语言内进行实时语音到语音翻译的人工智能系统，甚至是那些口语但不常用的书面语言。)”可知，UST项目支持所有语言的实时语音到语音翻译，故选D。
【32题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文“by getting more training data in more languages and finding new ways to use the data it had found.(通过用更多的语言获取更多的训练数据并找到使用所发现数据的新方法。)”可知，用更多的语言获取更多的训练数据是为了解决数据不足的问题，由此可知，划线单词“scarcity”意为“缺少”，与A项“Lack(缺少)”意思一样，故选A。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段中“Artificial (人工的) speech translation could play a significant role in our world. For interactions, it will enable people from around the world to communicate with each other more smoothly, making the social net more interconnected. For content, using artificial speech translation allows you to easily localize content.(人工语音翻译可以在我们的世界中发挥重要作用。在交互方面，它将让世界各地的人们能够更加顺畅地交流，让社交网络更加互联。对于内容，使用人工语音翻译可以让您轻松本地化内容。)”可推知，UST有助于激发互动和内容本地化，故选D。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“Meta AI recently announced the start of the universal speech translator (UST) project, which aims to create AI systems that enable real-time speech-to-speech translation across all languages, even those that are spoken but not commonly written. (Meta AI最近宣布启动通用语音翻译器 (UST) 项目，该项目旨在创建能够跨所有语言进行实时语音到语音翻译的人工智能系统，甚至是那些口语但不常见的书面语言)”和第三段中“The system allows Hokkien speakers to hold conversations with English speakers, a significant step toward bringing people together wherever they are located.(该系统允许说闽南语的人与说英语的人进行对话，这是让人们无论身在何处都能聚集在一起的重要一步。)”可知，文章主要介绍了Meta AI最近宣布启动通用语音翻译器项目，该项目旨在创建能够跨所有语言进行实时语音到语音翻译的人工智能系统，这可以将人们聚集在一起，C项“非书面语言：将人们聚集在一起”适合作文章标题，故选C。
【答案】8. with
9. found 10. to know
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述鸟类死亡的主要原因是非法枪机，而不是触电。
【8题详解】
考查介词。句意：研究小组组长托马森说:“我们需要知道鸟类是如何死亡的，这样我们才能想出一些方法来减少它们的死亡”。come up with“想出”是固定短语。根据句意，故填with。
【9题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：2019年至2022年间，他们发现410只死鸟，66%被枪支杀死。根据时间状语“Between 2019 and 2022”可知，本句用一般过去时，分析句子可知横线处作句子谓语，所以横线处用动词过去式。故填found。
【10题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：托马森说:“很准知道发生了什么。有时人们射杀鸟类是为了好玩。有时他们这样做只是为了保护农场里的动物。无论如何，应该防止非法射杀。”。分析句子可知，本句为句型“it is adj,+to do sth”，译为“做某事是……的”，其中it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语，所以横线处用动词不定式。故填to know。
北京市顺义区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题
【答案】25 B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国人假期生活，包括度假的时间、度假目的地以及在假期里所做的一些事情。
【25题详解】
细节理解题，根据When 部分“British people usually have their holidays in summer. (英国人通常在夏天度假) ”可知英国人般夏天去度假。故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据Where 部分“Flights are much cheaper during school term time and the British government is worried that some young people are missing school to go on holiday.(开学期间的机票要便宜得多，英国政府担小一些年轻人翘课去度假)”可知，英国政府担心学生为了度假而不上学。故选D。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据Independent Holidays部分“Some teenagers want to spend their holidays doing something without their family. A language exchange (交换) is one way to be more independent and learn more language skills. (一些青少年想在没有家人陪伴的情况下度过假期。语言交换是让你更独立、学习更多语言技能的一种方式)”可知，独立假期的好处是青少年可以更擅长语言技能。故选A。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据几个小标题When (什么时候？)以及Where (去哪里？)以及Things to See (要看的东西)和Independent Holidays (独立假期)可知，文章提到了A，B，D三项，没有提到人们最喜欢的酒店或公寓。故选C。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Now most people have about four weeks’ holiday every year and public holidays which are also called “bank holidays”.(现在大多数人每年有大约四周的假期和公共假期，也被称为“银行假期”)”以及几个小标题When (什么时候？)以及Where (去哪里？)以及Things to See (要看的东西)和Independent Holidays (独立假期)可知，文章介绍了英国人假期生活，包括度假的时间、度假目的地以及在假期里所做的一些事情。由此推知，这篇文章是为了提供英国人度假的信息而写的。故选D。
【答案】30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自湖北省的一个小镇翠家坝的大学毕业生29岁的Li Jing回家乡帮助农村发展，并取得成功的故事。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“I want to be a part of my hometown’s development and bring about real changes to our villagers while realizing my own personal value.(我想成为家乡发展的一部分，在实现个人价值的同时，给村民们带来真正的改变。)”可知，Li Jing回家乡主要是为了帮助当地发展。故选D项。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“After returning to her hometown, Li received strong support from her family, while there were some villagers who questioned her decision. She decided to show her love to the hometown through action. (回到家乡后，Li得到了家人大力支持，但也有一些村民质疑她的决定。她决定用行动来表达对家乡的爱。)”可知，当被一些村民质疑时，Li Jing采取行动帮助村民。故选C项。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“To increase sales outside the village, the young workforce in the village chose to go into the world of livestreaming(直播). This new marketing method has produced satisfying results. Together with other methods like doing online business on websites and apps, the money that a family can get from potato sales in a year has risen sharply from 1,000 yuan to the present number of 20,000 yuan, according to Li. (为了增加面向村外的销售，村里的年轻劳动力选择进入直播世界。这种新的营销方法产生了令人满意的效果。据Li说，加上在网站和应用上做在线交易等其他方式，一个家庭一年从土豆销售中获得的收入从1000元急剧上升到现在的2万元。)”可知，Li Jing和村民们主要通过直播增加土豆的销售。故选B项。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“In the near future, Li hopes to continue helping her villagers raise their potato production and earn more money. Her long-term goal is to help rural areas further develop and integrate(结合) with the city. She said hopefully, ‘We will continually find ways to bring happiness to the villagers and the long-term development to the countryside.’(在不久的将来，Li希望继续帮助村民提高土豆产量，赚更多的钱。她的长期目标是帮助农村地区进一步发展并与城市融合。她满怀希望地说：‘我们将不断寻找方法，为村民带来幸福，为农村带来长远发展。’)”可知，Li Jing认为农村地区的未来计划是有希望的。故选A项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段中“Li Jing, 29, is a native of Cuijiaba, a small town in Hubei Province. She was one of the first people from her community to go for higher education. After graduation, she worked in Wuhan first, and then she changed her decision last year to return to her village. (29岁的Li Jing来自湖北省的一个小镇翠家坝。她是她所在社区第一批接受高等教育的人之一。毕业后，她先是在武汉工作，去年她改变了决定，回到了家乡。)”以及最后一段中“In the near future, Li hopes to continue helping her villagers raise their potato production and earn more money.( 在不久的将来，李希望继续帮助村民提高土豆产量，赚更多的钱。)”可知，本文主要讲述了来自湖北省的一个小镇翠家坝的大学毕业生29岁的Li Jing回家乡帮助农村发展，并取得成功的故事，从故事中我们得到启发：有志者，事竟成。故选B项。
【答案】35. C 36. A 37. B 38. D 39. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了当代青少年与他们父母或祖父母的生活方式和价值观之间的差异。作者指出了当今青少年普遍使用手机和社交媒体的情况，以及这种现代科技带来的影响。尽管现代科技给青少年带来了一些问题，但它也促进了跨文化交流和开放思维。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Never before have the lives of any generation been as connected with mobile technology and social media as the teens of this generation. It follows then that there will be some problems resulting from this new age of technology.(在此之前，没有任何一代人的生活像这一代青少年那样与移动技术和社交媒体紧密相连。因此，这个新技术时代将会产生一些问题)”可知，正确的一项是C选项“Social media and technology may bring some influences to teens.(社交媒体和科技可能会给青少年带来一些影响)”。故选C。
【36题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“It follows then that there will be some problems