《备战2024年高考英语名校模拟真题分类汇编》（天津专用）
专题03情态动词和虚拟语气60题（真题+模拟）原卷版
冲刺备考名师提醒：
一、掌握情态动词表示推测的基本用法。
二、掌握“情态动词+have done”用法。
三、掌握虚拟语气在if虚拟条件句的用法。
四、掌握虚拟语气在特定句型中的用法。
真题专区：练真题，明方向，补漏洞，提能力
1．（2021·天津·高考真题）---I honestly don't think I'm going to be admitted.
---Well, you never know! You________ a better impression than you think.
A．may have made B．should have made
C．couldn't have made D．needn't have made
2．（2021·天津·高考真题）It used to be that you ___drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere.
A．need B．should C．could D．must
3．（2020·天津·高考真题）Jim says we ______ stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy .
A．must B．can C．need D．should
4．（2020·天津·高考真题）You ____________ have scolded him for his poor performance. After all, he had done his best.
A．must B．should C．mustn’t D．shouldn't
5．（2018·天津·统考高考真题）—What’s wrong with the door
—The key has got stuck in it and ______ come out.
A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．won’t
6．（2018·天津·高考真题）(2018·天津) I can't find my purse. I___________ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.
A．should leave B．must have left
C．might leave D．could have left
7．（2017·天津·高考真题）(2017·天津) My room is a mess, but I __________clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.
A．daren’t B．shouldn’t
C．needn’t D．mustn’t
8．（2016·天津·高考真题）(2016·天津) It was really annoying; I ________ get access to the data bank you had recommended.
A．wouldn’t B．couldn’t
C．shouldn’t D．needn’t
9．（2015·天津·高考真题）I ______ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
A．mightn’t B．mustn’t
C．needn’t D．couldn’t
10．（2013·辽宁·高考真题）Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He _______ too much at the party last night.
A．could drink B．should drink
C．would have drunk D．must have drunk
11．（2008·辽宁·高考真题）Peter ______ be really difficult at times even though he’s a nice person in general.
A．shall B．should C．can D．must
12．（2015·福建·高考真题）—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.
—Oh, it's too bad. You________ have made full preparations.
A．must B．can C．would D．should
13．（2017·北京·高考真题）(2017·北京) Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ______ easily reach the books on the top shelf.
A．must B．should
C．can D．need
14．（2015·浙江·高考真题） It was so noisy that we hear ourselves speak.
A．couldn’t B．shouldn’t
C．mustn’t D．needn’t
15．（2010·山东·高考真题）I _____ have watched that movie — it’ll give me horrible dreams.
A．couldn’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t
16．（2014·北京·高考真题）___________ I have a word with you It won’t take long.
A．Can B．Must
C．Shall D．Should
17．（2016·浙江·高考真题）George _________ too far. His coffee is still warm.
A．must have gone B．might have gone
C．can’t have gone D．needn’t have gone
18．（2015·北京·高考真题）—Can’t you stay a little longer
—It’s getting late. I really _____ go now. My daughter is home alone.
A．may B．can
C．must D．dare
19．（2014·陕西·高考真题）My book, The House of Hales, is missing. Who ___________ have taken it
A．need B．must
C．should D．could
20．（2014·四川·高考真题）I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ___________ take me to Disneyland at weekends.
A．might B．must
C．would D．should
21．（2014·江西·高考真题）Life is unpredictable; even the poorest __become the richest.
A．shall B．must C．need D．might
22．（2014·湖南·高考真题）— I’ve prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.
—Do you mean we_____ bring anything with us
A．can’t B．mustn’t
C．shan’t D．needn't
23．（2014·安徽·高考真题）People are recycling many things which they ________ away in the past.
A．had thrown B．will be throwing
C．were throwing D．would have thrown
24．（2013·安徽·高考真题）It be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.
A．may B．couldn’t
C．should D．needn’t
25．（2013·浙江·高考真题）I ______________ myself more — it was a perfect day.
A．shouldn’t have enjoyed B．needn’t have enjoyed
C．wouldn’t have enjoyed D．couldn’t have enjoyed
26．（2013·陕西·高考真题）The children________lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.
A．must have got B．must get
C．should have got D．should get
27．（2013·陕西·高考真题）My mom suggests that we eat out for a change this weekend.
A．should B．might
C．could D．would
28．（2019·江苏·高考真题）What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we ________ a good time together.
A．had B．will have C．would have had D．had had
29．（2019·天津·高考真题）The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ________ the task in half the time.
A．accomplished B．had accomplished
C．would accomplish D．would have accomplished
30．（2018·江苏·高考真题）It’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission.
A．would B．should
C．could D．might
31．（2010·天津·高考真题）-----John went to the hospital alone.
---If he_______ me about it, I would have gone with him.
A．should tell B．tells C．told D．had told
32．（2014·浙江·高考真题）They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they __________to our help.
A．would have come B．could come
C．have come D．had come
模拟专区：做好题才有好成绩！练速度，补漏洞，强信心
33．（2020上·广东茂名·高一校考阶段练习）In order to avoid traffic jams, I strongly recommend some effective measures________.
A．Take B．should take C．be taken D．took
34．（2022上·天津武清·高三统考期中）It’s a pity that such a talent as Jerry ______ leave his favourite work in that company.
A．need B．could C．should D．may
35．（2023下·新疆省直辖县级单位·高二新疆石河子一中校考阶段练习）It is time that you got down to doing something, so I urge that everyone of you ______ well prepared for the coming examination.
A．would get B．get C．gets D．got
36．（2022下·广东·高二深圳中学校联考期末）Jack Ma insisted that there________no excellent businessmen if everything went too smoothly and that they ________as normal in face of hardship.
A．would be: would carry on B．would be; carry on
C．were; carried on D．were; would carry on
37．（2021上·高一课时练习）________ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often.
A．If it is not B．Were C．Had it not been D．If they were not
38．（2018·北京·人大附中校考一模）We the sunshine in Sanya now if it were not for the delay of our flight.
A．were enjoying B．would have enjoyed
C．would be enjoying D．will enjoy
39．（2013下·天津·高三阶段练习）I was caught in a traffic jam for over an hour, otherwise I _________ you waiting for such a long time.
A．will not keep B．have not kept
C．had not kept D．would not have kept
40．（2016·天津·高三阶段练习）We would rather our daughter ________ at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.
A．would stay B．has stayed
C．stayed D．stay
41．（2022上·天津·高一校联考期末）The students answered all the questions correctly. She ______ full preparations.
A．must make B．should make C．must have made D．should have made
42．（2023上·天津·高二校联考期中）— Lisa, what do you think of the job of being a nurse
— In my opinion, it _______ be difficult sometimes though it seems easy.
A．can B．must C．should D．need
43．（2023上·天津·高一校考期中）—How was your weekend, Mary
—Great. I like weekends because Iget up so early.
A．can’t B．shouldn’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t
44．（2023上·天津·高二天津市第一百中学校联考期中）The rules of the town are that the house owners________ keep their gardens in a neat and orderly state.
A．can B．will C．may D．shall
45．（2023上·天津·高二天津市第一百中学校考阶段练习）During the special period of fighting against the infective illness, you ________ wear a mask when going out.
A．must B．can C．need D．may
46．（2021下·高二单元测试）I was really anxious about you. You ______ home without a word.
A．mustn’t leave B．shouldn’t have left
C．couldn’t have left D．needn’t leave
47．（2021下·高二单元测试）Johnny, you ______ play with the knife, you ______ hurt yourself.
A．won’t; can’t B．mustn’t; may C．shouldn’t; must D．can’t; shouldn’t
48．（2020上·天津和平·高一耀华中学校考阶段练习）—You look so tired. You__________late last night.
—Yes, I had to finish an important report last night so I didn't sleep at all.
A．could sleep B．should have slept
C．may sleep D．must have slept
49．（2018·天津·校联考一模）—Are you coming to Jeff’s party
—I’m not sure. I ______ go to the concert instead.
A．must B．would
C．should D．might
50．（2021下·高二单元测试）The door ________ open, no matter how hard she pushed.
A．shouldn’t B．couldn’t
C．wouldn’t D．mightn’t
51．（2021下·高二单元测试）Michael _______ be a policeman, for he is much too short．
A．needn’t B．can’t
C．should D．may
52．（2024上·天津·高三天津市第四十七中学校考阶段练习）I _____ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.
A．won’t B．can’t C．can D．will
53．（2021上·天津·高三天津市天津中学校考阶段练习）We have bought so much food now that Suzie won’t be with us for dinner.
A．may not B．needn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t
54．（2019·天津河西·校联考一模）Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but _______say where he was.
A．mustn’t B．shouldn’t C．wouldn’t D．mightn’t
55．（2010·天津·高考真题）Mark ______ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.
A．needn’t B．wouldn’t C．mustn’t D．couldn’t
56．（2021下·高二单元测试）There was plenty of time. She ________ .
A．mustn’t have hurried B．couldn’t have hurried C．must not hurry D．needn’t have hurried
57．（2019上·高一校考单元测试）Looking people in the eye ______ sometimes make them nervous and embarrassed.
A．must B．can C．should D．might
58．（2022·天津红桥·统考二模）—I don’t care what people think.
—Well, you _______
A．could B．would C．should D．might
59．（2020上·天津西青·高三统考期末）You ________ be Carol. You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.
A．must B．can C．will D．shall
60．（2023上·天津·高三天津十四中校考期末）—Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now
—I am afraid you _______,in case he comes late for the meeting.
A．will B．must C．may D．can
试卷第8页，共8页《备战2024年高考英语名校模拟真题分类汇编》（天津专用）
专题03情态动词和虚拟语气60题（真题+模拟）解析版
冲刺备考名师提醒：
一、掌握情态动词表示推测的基本用法。
二、掌握“情态动词+have done”用法。
三、掌握虚拟语气在if虚拟条件句的用法。
四、掌握虚拟语气在特定句型中的用法。
真题专区：练真题，明方向，补漏洞，提能力
1．（2021·天津·高考真题）---I honestly don't think I'm going to be admitted.
---Well, you never know! You________ a better impression than you think.
A．may have made B．should have made
C．couldn't have made D．needn't have made
【答案】A
【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：—老实说，我觉得我不会被录取。—唉，谁知道呢!你给人的印象可能比你想象的要好。A.may have made 可能；B.should have made本应该做；C.couldn't have made不可能做；D.needn't have made本不必做。根据句意可知，此处表示的是有可能，故选A。
2．（2021·天津·高考真题）It used to be that you ___drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere.
A．need B．should C．could D．must
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：以前你可能在这里开了几英里，都没见过别人，但现在到处都是房子和人。A. need 需要；B. should 应该，理应如此； C. could 可能，表示对客观可能性的推测；D. must 一定，必须。根据前半句意思可知，表示的是对客观可能性的推测。故选C。
3．（2020·天津·高考真题）Jim says we ______ stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy .
A．must B．can C．need D．should
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意:吉姆说我们可以住在他的房子里，只要我们保持它干净整洁。A. must必须；B. can能，可以；C. need需要；D. should应该。根据后面的“as long as we leave it clean and tidy”可知，Jim许可我们待在他的房子里，即:我们”能，可以”待在他的房子里。故选B。
4．（2020·天津·高考真题）You ____________ have scolded him for his poor performance. After all, he had done his best.
A．must B．should C．mustn’t D．shouldn't
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词+ have done。句意：你本不应该因为他表现不好而责骂他。毕竟，他已经尽力了。根据前后句关系可知此处表示“本不该”是 shouldn't have done指做了本不该做的事，must have done表示对过去发生的事情的肯定性推测；should have done表示应当做某事而实际上未做；mustn’t不和have done连用。故选D。
【点睛】must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测，指“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句：
1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。
2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant.你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。
should have done意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做。”
shouldn't have done表示本来不应该做某事,而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意.
1. Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday.汤姆,你太懒惰了,这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。
2. Look, Tom is crying. I shouldn't have been so harsh on him.看，汤姆哭了，我本来不应该对他如此严厉。
本题是 shouldn't have done的用法。
5．（2018·天津·统考高考真题）—What’s wrong with the door
—The key has got stuck in it and ______ come out.
A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．won’t
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：---门怎么了 ---钥匙卡在里面出不来了。A. shouldn’t不应该；B. mustn’t禁止；C. needn’t 不需要；D. won’t不会。won’t表示拒绝时，其主语有时可以是“物”。故选D项。
6．（2018·天津·高考真题）(2018·天津) I can't find my purse. I___________ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.
A．should leave B．must have left
C．might leave D．could have left
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意：我不能找到我的钱包了，昨天我有可能把它落到超市了，但我不确定。根据句中时间状语yesterday可知，是对过去事情的推测，故用情态动词+ have done，再根据后句but I’m not sure.可知，此推测为不能肯定的推测，故用情态动词could，表示“可能”。故选D。
【点睛】情态动词是每年高考的热点也是难点。本题抓住两点：第一、时态。根据句中时间状语可以判断出是对过去事情的推测，故用情态动词 + have done；如果是对现在事情的推测，才用情态动词+v原形。第二、情态动词的选择。must为肯定推测，表示“一定”，could为不肯定推测，表示“可能”，这样就能选出正确答案。
7．（2017·天津·高考真题）(2017·天津) My room is a mess, but I __________clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.
A．daren’t B．shouldn’t
C．needn’t D．mustn’t
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我的房间很乱，但是在今晚我出去之前不需要打扫，我可以明天早晨再打扫。A. daren’t不敢；Bshouldn’t不应该；C. needn’t不需要；D. mustn’t不许。根据but可知，意思表示转折，故选C。
【点睛】情态动词主要考查句意和说话人的语气的强弱，这几个情态动词的否定形式意思各不相同，确定各自的含义，弄清它们的区别再结合上下文语境就不难理解了。daren’t通常表示“不敢”，shouldn’t强调的是没有义务，必要性；needn’t表示“不需要”，mustn't表示不许，语气比较强烈，它们之间有明显不同。
8．（2016·天津·高考真题）(2016·天津) It was really annoying; I ________ get access to the data bank you had recommended.
A．wouldn’t B．couldn’t
C．shouldn’t D．needn’t
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：这真是令人生气的；我不能进入你推荐的数据库。A. wouldn’t不愿意；B. couldn’t不能；C. shouldn’t不应该；D. needn’t不必。故选B。
9．（2015·天津·高考真题）I ______ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
A．mightn’t B．mustn’t
C．needn’t D．couldn’t
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我来新学校之前本没有必要担心，因为在这里我的同学对我非常友好。needn't have done本没有必要做某事，表示实际上已经做了某事。根据后一句“for my classmates here are very friendly to me.”可知，同学对我非常友好所以我本没必要但心。mightn't也许不；mustn't不允许；couldn't不可能。故选C。
10．（2013·辽宁·高考真题）Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He _______ too much at the party last night.
A．could drink B．should drink
C．would have drunk D．must have drunk
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：哈里感到很不舒服，他在昨晚的聚会上一定是喝得太多了。must have done用于肯定句，表示对过去情况的肯定猜测。可能性较大，一般有一定根据。A.could have done过去本能够做某事，而实际上未做；B.need have done过去本有必要做某事，而实际上未做；D.would have done过去本想要做某事，而实际上未做。根据 last night并结合语境可知，该句是对过去有把握的推测，而非与过去事实相反的假设或结果。故选C。
11．（2008·辽宁·高考真题）Peter ______ be really difficult at times even though he’s a nice person in general.
A．shall B．should C．can D．must
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：Peter有时真的可能很难相处，尽管他总的来说是个好人。A. shall应；B. should应该；C. can能；D. must必须。根据中的at times可知，Peter有时真的很难相处。can表示推测，意为“可能会”。故选C项。
12．（2015·福建·高考真题）—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.
—Oh, it's too bad. You________ have made full preparations.
A．must B．can C．would D．should
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词+have done结构。句意：—对不起，妈妈，我面试又失败了。—噢，那太糟糕了，你应该做好充分准备的。A.must必须；B.can可以；C.would将会；D.should应该。这里是情态+have done的结构的虚拟语气，can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过……吗？”；could+have+done，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做；must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句；should+have+done意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做”。故选D
13．（2017·北京·高考真题）(2017·北京) Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ______ easily reach the books on the top shelf.
A．must B．should
C．can D．need
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：Samuel，我班最高的男生，能很轻松地够着书架顶上的书。A. must必须；B. should应该；C. can能；D. need需要。此处需要一个表示能力的词，故用can，故选C。
14．（2015·浙江·高考真题） It was so noisy that we hear ourselves speak.
A．couldn’t B．shouldn’t
C．mustn’t D．needn’t
【答案】A
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：太吵了，以致我们不能够听到我们在说什么？A的意思是不能，B的意思是不应该，C的意思是禁止，D的意思是不需要。该题用到了一个so +形容词+ that的句式，此处句式表示“如此……以至于……”，因此推断此处表示“不能够”。故选A。
15．（2010·山东·高考真题）I _____ have watched that movie — it’ll give me horrible dreams.
A．couldn’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：我不该看那部电影——它会让我做噩梦的。根据“it’ll give me horrible dreams”可知，此处是指本不应该看却看了，所以应用shouldn't have done。故选C。
16．（2014·北京·高考真题）___________ I have a word with you It won’t take long.
A．Can B．Must
C．Shall D．Should
【答案】A
【详解】本题考查情态动词。句意：我能和你谈话吗？不会很长时间的。根据上下文可知，说话人在请求听话人允许不长时间的一个交谈，所以选择表示“能不能或可以不可以”的can。故选A。
17．（2016·浙江·高考真题）George _________ too far. His coffee is still warm.
A．must have gone B．might have gone
C．can’t have gone D．needn’t have gone
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：乔治不可能走得太远。他的咖啡仍然是温的。can’t have done一定不可能做了某事；must have done过去一定做了某事；might have done过去可能做了某事；needn’t have done过去本不必做某事。故选C。
18．（2015·北京·高考真题）—Can’t you stay a little longer
—It’s getting late. I really _____ go now. My daughter is home alone.
A．may B．can
C．must D．dare
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——你不能再多待会儿吗 ——很晚了，我必须得走了。我女儿一个人在家。A. may可能，可以，也许；B. can能，会；C. must必须，必然要，必定会；D. dare敢，胆敢。结合句意可知，因为女儿一人在家，说话者必须要走。故选C。
【名师点睛】本题是考查情态动词，这里考查的是语气的强度，在这里结合语境是“一定”的意思，所以要做好此类辨析题需掌握情态动词选项的语气并结合语境。
19．（2014·陕西·高考真题）My book, The House of Hales, is missing. Who ___________ have taken it
A．need B．must
C．should D．could
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：我的书《黑尔之家》不见了，谁有可能拿走它？A.need 需要；B.must必须；C.should应该；D.could可能。need用在情态动词，只用在否定句和疑问句中，“必要”；must“必须”，表示肯定推测，用在肯定句中；should“应该、竟然”；could“能够、可能”。题干中的说话人书丢了，应该是猜测可能是谁拿走了，could have done表示对过去发生的事情的推测。故选D项。
20．（2014·四川·高考真题）I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ___________ take me to Disneyland at weekends.
A．might B．must
C．would D．should
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我仍然记得我幸福的童年，那时妈妈会在周末的时候带我去迪士尼乐园。A.might可能；B.must必须；C.would将，会；D.should应该。would可以表示“过去常常”，强调过去经常发生的事情。根据语境判断此处指过去妈妈经常在周末带他去。故选C项。
21．（2014·江西·高考真题）Life is unpredictable; even the poorest __become the richest.
A．shall B．must C．need D．might
【答案】D
【详解】 考查情态动词的用法。句意：人生是不可预测的；甚至最穷的也可能变得最有钱。根据句子意思，后句讲的是一种可能性。need 需要；must 一定；shall 表较大的可能性；might可能。shall表示推断时，语气较肯定，通常是指非常可能的事(因为暗示有一定的事实依据或合乎常理)，而may, might, could等表示推测时，则语气较不肯定，尤其是might, could。故选D。
22．（2014·湖南·高考真题）— I’ve prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.
—Do you mean we_____ bring anything with us
A．can’t B．mustn’t
C．shan’t D．needn't
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——我已经准备好野餐的各种食物了。——你的意思是我们不必带任何东西了？A. can’t不能够；B. mustn’t 不许，不可以；C. shan’t将不；D. needn't不必。根据“I’ve prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.”可知，你的意思是我们不必带任何东西了。故D正确。
23．（2014·安徽·高考真题）People are recycling many things which they ________ away in the past.
A．had thrown B．will be throwing
C．were throwing D．would have thrown
【答案】D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：人们现在正在回收过去会扔掉的东西。这句话的which引导的是定语从句，是一个隐含的虚拟语气，因为in the past相当于If they had been in the past,所以句子用虚拟语气，和过去相反用would have done。故选D。
【知识拓展】考点：考查含蓄虚拟语气
所谓含蓄条件句就是利用语境不直接说出条件的句子。这种句子可以分为两类：一种是广义的含蓄条件句，另一种是狭义的含蓄条件句。1. 广义含蓄指的是不用连词 if 或 unless 介绍条件，而是改用其他方式。实上这些表达方式也是同样是条件状语。（1）用介词引入条件： * but for（如不是, 如没有）：注意，凡是出现这个复合介词的句子，必须要用虚拟语气， * without/with (在不具备/具备…的条件下), * under （在…条件下）（2）分词短语充当条件（分词短语本身就具有充当条件状语的功能），（3）表示不具备条件的连词连词：but,but that,or或otherwise，2. 狭义含蓄指的是不用任何语言方式显示条件，而是把条件隐藏在具体的原环境中，（1）用上下文暗示条件，（2）用委婉语气暗示条件，（3）用表示愿望的语气暗示条件。
【名师点睛】本题考查的是含蓄虚拟语气从句。考生要善于分析句意，首先要根据句意和句子结构判断是真实条件句还是虚拟条件句,如果符合虚拟的结构,就可以根据句子中的语意和时间判断应该用哪种虚拟语气。结尾的in the past暗示了是对过去的虚拟，所以要用would+ have done形式。
24．（2013·安徽·高考真题）It be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.
A．may B．couldn’t
C．should D．needn’t
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：不可能是词汇量导致你在练习中出现问题，因为你知道很多单词。A.may也许；B.couldn’t不可能；C.should应当；D.needn’t不需要。由“because you know a lot of words”可知，不可能是词汇量导致你在练习中出现问题，表示“不可能”应用couldn’t，故选B。
25．（2013·浙江·高考真题）I ______________ myself more — it was a perfect day.
A．shouldn’t have enjoyed B．needn’t have enjoyed
C．wouldn’t have enjoyed D．couldn’t have enjoyed
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：我实在是太开心了——真是很完美的一天。比较级与否定词连用表最高级，那么此处主要是看情态动词的选用了。A. shouldn’t have enjoyed本来不应该开心却很开心 B. needn’t have enjoyed本来不必开心；C. wouldn’t have enjoyed不会让自己开心； D. couldn’t have enjoyed不可能让自己开心（这是最开心的），比较级与否定词连用表最高级。根据“it was a perfect day”可知，此处指“我实在是太开心了”。故选D。
26．（2013·陕西·高考真题）The children________lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.
A．must have got B．must get
C．should have got D．should get
【答案】A
【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意：孩子们肯定在树林里迷路了，否则他们已经按照计划回到湖边营地了。由otherwise可知，would have been表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，可知语境指的是过去，排除B和D项；A：肯定已……，表示对过去发生的事情的肯定性推测；C：应该做(而未做)。A项符合语境，推测孩子一定是在森林里迷路了。故选A。
27．（2013·陕西·高考真题）My mom suggests that we eat out for a change this weekend.
A．should B．might
C．could D．would
【答案】A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我妈妈建议我们这周末出去吃饭换换口味。suggest作“建议”时，后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气（should）+动词原形，故选A。
28．（2019·江苏·高考真题）What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we ________ a good time together.
A．had B．will have C．would have had D．had had
【答案】C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文可知，是对过去事情的虚拟，是与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选C。
29．（2019·天津·高考真题）The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ________ the task in half the time.
A．accomplished B．had accomplished
C．would accomplish D．would have accomplished
【答案】D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：工人们没有被更好的组织起来，否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。根据上句the workers were not better organized可知，这是对过去事情的虚拟。表示与过去事实相反的假设，其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选D。
30．（2018·江苏·高考真题）It’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission.
A．would B．should
C．could D．might
【答案】B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：真奇怪，他竟然没有主人的允许就拿走了这些书。在句型”It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that...”中，其中由that引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，其中的should可以省略。故选B。
点睛：本题考查虚拟语气。It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that... 主语从句多数情况下用虚拟语气，表达一种要求、命令或者责备、建议或主观看法。但是如果只是表示陈述一个事实而不是强烈的感情，完全可以用一般的陈述语气。试比较：It is strange that he had made a mistake.（陈述一个事实：他犯了错误让人有点奇怪。）It is strange that he (should) have made a mistake. （虚拟语气，说话者是在责备他本不应该犯错。）
31．（2010·天津·高考真题）-----John went to the hospital alone.
---If he_______ me about it, I would have gone with him.
A．should tell B．tells C．told D．had told
【答案】D
【详解】考查时态。句意：约翰自己去医院了，如果他告诉我，我也会陪他去。根据语境可知，这里是过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用had + v-ed，主句用would + have + v-ed。所以选D。
32．（2014·浙江·高考真题）They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they __________to our help.
A．would have come B．could come
C．have come D．had come
【答案】A
【详解】试题分析：本句考查的是一个含蓄的虚拟条件句，句中的or相当于if they had not gone abroad.因为前面句中使用的是were，说明这个虚拟语气是与过去事实相反，所以主句中使用的是“情态动词+have done”的形式。句意：当我们在做调查的那几个月里，他们一直在国外，否则的话他们早就来帮助我们了。故A正确。
模拟专区：做好题才有好成绩！练速度，补漏洞，强信心
33．（2020上·广东茂名·高一校考阶段练习）In order to avoid traffic jams, I strongly recommend some effective measures________.
A．Take B．should take C．be taken D．took
【答案】C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：为了避免交通堵塞，我强烈建议采取一些有效的措施。分析句子结构可知，此处为recommend后的宾语从句中的谓语动词，从句省略了that，表示“建议”后的宾语从句谓语动词应为should do，且should可以省略，结合句意，take与主语some effective measures之间为被动关系，所以此处应为(should) be taken。故选C项。
34．（2022上·天津武清·高三统考期中）It’s a pity that such a talent as Jerry ______ leave his favourite work in that company.
A．need B．could C．should D．may
【答案】C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：像杰瑞这样的人才竟然离开了他最喜欢的工作，真是太遗憾了。“It is a pity+that从句”意为“竟然；居然”时，表示出乎意料的事情，that后的从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should+动词原形”。故选C。
35．（2023下·新疆省直辖县级单位·高二新疆石河子一中校考阶段练习）It is time that you got down to doing something, so I urge that everyone of you ______ well prepared for the coming examination.
A．would get B．get C．gets D．got
【答案】B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：该是你们着手做点事情的时候了，所以我劝你们每个人都为即将到来的考试做好准备。urge后的that引导的宾语从句用虚拟语气，从句中的谓语动词用(should) +动词原形，其中should可以省略，故选B。
36．（2022下·广东·高二深圳中学校联考期末）Jack Ma insisted that there________no excellent businessmen if everything went too smoothly and that they ________as normal in face of hardship.
A．would be: would carry on B．would be; carry on
C．were; carried on D．were; would carry on
【答案】B
【详解】考查虚拟语气和陈述语气。句意：马云坚持认为，如果一切都太顺利，就不会有优秀的商人，他坚决主张他们会像往常一样面对困难。分析句意可知，第一空所在句的insisted意为“坚持认为”，that从句中用陈述语气，由insisted可知，时态用一般过去时，根据句意可知，第一空处意为“将会有”，因此用would be；第二空所在句中被省略的insisted意为“坚决主张”，其后that从句用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，should可省略，因此第二空用carry on，故选B。
37．（2021上·高一课时练习）________ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often.
A．If it is not B．Were C．Had it not been D．If they were not
【答案】C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有那些免费的票，我不会去影院这么频繁。这是一个虚拟语气的句子，与过去事实相反，从句用“had+过去分词”，主句用“would+have+过去分词”。在虚拟语气的句子里，有时可以省略从句中的if，把动词be，助动词had等放在句首。故选C。
38．（2018·北京·人大附中校考一模）We the sunshine in Sanya now if it were not for the delay of our flight.
A．were enjoying B．would have enjoyed
C．would be enjoying D．will enjoy
【答案】C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是我们耽搁了航班我们现在就在三亚享受阳光了。根据后面if it were not for……可知此处是对现在状况的虚拟，根据now以及if的虚拟语气可知，故主句用would be doing 。选C。
39．（2013下·天津·高三阶段练习）I was caught in a traffic jam for over an hour, otherwise I _________ you waiting for such a long time.
A．will not keep B．have not kept
C．had not kept D．would not have kept
【答案】D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我遇到堵车长达一个多小时，否则我不会让你等这么久的。Otherwise“否则”是解题的关键，相当于虚拟语气的从句“如果不堵车”，那“我就不会让你等”考查的是主句。从was可以判定出与过去相反，主句要用would have done，表示否定用 would not have kept。综上，D选项正确。
40．（2016·天津·高三阶段练习）We would rather our daughter ________ at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.
A．would stay B．has stayed
C．stayed D．stay
【答案】C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:我们宁愿女儿和我们呆在家里，但这是她的选择，她已经不再是个孩子了。would rather do sth 宁愿做某事，would rather 后跟从句时使用虚拟语气，根据but后的is可知，是对现在的虚拟，因此用一般过去式。故选C。
41．（2022上·天津·高一校联考期末）The students answered all the questions correctly. She ______ full preparations.
A．must make B．should make C．must have made D．should have made
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词+have done用法。句意：学生们正确地回答了所有的问题。她一定做了充分的准备。A. must make必须做；B. should make应该做；C. must have made一定做了；D. should have made本应该（却没有）。根据上文“The students answered all the questions correctly.”可知，已经正确回答了所有问题，所以是must have done表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测，故选C。
42．（2023上·天津·高二校联考期中）— Lisa, what do you think of the job of being a nurse
— In my opinion, it _______ be difficult sometimes though it seems easy.
A．can B．must C．should D．need
【答案】A
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——Lisa，你认为当一名护士怎么样？——以我来看，尽管看似容易但有时可能是很难的。A. can可能；B. must必须；C. should应该；D. need需要。 can 用于肯定句中表示推测，后接“be/ get/ seem/ become+形容词”，表示“有时会”“时常会”等义。结合句意可知，本空填can。故选A。
43．（2023上·天津·高一校考期中）—How was your weekend, Mary
—Great. I like weekends because Iget up so early.
A．can’t B．shouldn’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——玛丽，你周末过得怎么样？——太好了。我喜欢周末，因为我不必起得那么早。A. can’t不能；不可能；B. shouldn’t不应该；C. needn’t不必要；D. mustn’t禁止；不准。根据句意可知，此处指“不必起得那么早”，故用needn’t。故选C。
44．（2023上·天津·高二天津市第一百中学校联考期中）The rules of the town are that the house owners________ keep their gardens in a neat and orderly state.
A．can B．will C．may D．shall
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：镇上的规矩是房主必须保持他们的花园整洁有序。A. can可以，可能；B. will将要；C. may或许；D. shall(在条约、规章、法令等文件中表示义务或规定)必须。由上文“The rules of the town”可知，此处表示规定，即“必须”的意思，故选D。
45．（2023上·天津·高二天津市第一百中学校考阶段练习）During the special period of fighting against the infective illness, you ________ wear a mask when going out.
A．must B．can C．need D．may
【答案】A
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：在与传染性疾病作斗争的特殊时期，你外出时必须戴口罩。A. must必须，一定；B. can能，可以；C. need需要；D. may可以，也许。根据前文句意可知，外出必须戴口罩。故选A项。
46．（2021下·高二单元测试）I was really anxious about you. You ______ home without a word.
A．mustn’t leave B．shouldn’t have left
C．couldn’t have left D．needn’t leave
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我真的很担心你。你不应该不辞而别。A. mustn’t leave千万不要离开，表禁止； B. shouldn’t have left不应该离开，表本不应该做某事，实际上做了；C. couldn’t have left不可能离开，表推测；D. needn’t leave不需要离开。根据上文“I was really anxious about you.”可知不应该不辞而别，表示不应该做，但实际做了，故选B。
47．（2021下·高二单元测试）Johnny, you ______ play with the knife, you ______ hurt yourself.
A．won’t; can’t B．mustn’t; may C．shouldn’t; must D．can’t; shouldn’t
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：约翰尼，你不能玩刀，你可能会伤到自己。分析句意可知，第一空表禁止，应用mustn’t，第二个空表示可能，应用may，故选B。
48．（2020上·天津和平·高一耀华中学校考阶段练习）—You look so tired. You__________late last night.
—Yes, I had to finish an important report last night so I didn't sleep at all.
A．could sleep B．should have slept
C．may sleep D．must have slept
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：——你看起来很累。你昨晚一定睡得很晚。——是的，我昨晚必须完成一份重要报告，所以一直没睡。A. could sleep能够，可以；B. should have slept本应当做某事，结果没做；C. may sleep可能，表示不确定的猜测；D. must have slept必定做了某事，表示对过去已经发生的事情的肯定推测。结合上文“You look so tired.”可知，此处是对过去已经发生的事情的肯定推测，应用must have done。故选D。
49．（2018·天津·校联考一模）—Are you coming to Jeff’s party
—I’m not sure. I ______ go to the concert instead.
A．must B．would
C．should D．might
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——你来参加Jeff的聚会吗？——我不确定。 我可能会去听音乐会。 A.must必须；B.would将要；C.should应该；D.might可能。根据“I’m not sure. ”可知这里是不太有把握的推测，用might，故选D。
50．（2021下·高二单元测试）The door ________ open, no matter how hard she pushed.
A．shouldn’t B．couldn’t
C．wouldn’t D．mightn’t
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：无论她怎么使劲推，门就是打不开。A. shouldn’t不应该；B. couldn’t不能够；C. wouldn’t不愿意；D. mightn’t可能不。will及其过去式would均可表示一种倾向性、习惯。故选C。
51．（2021下·高二单元测试）Michael _______ be a policeman, for he is much too short．
A．needn’t B．can’t
C．should D．may
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：迈克尔不可能是一名警察，因为他太矮了。A. needn’t不必；B. can’t不可能；C. should应该；D. may也许。根据句意说明是对现在情况的有把握的否定推测，can’t表示“不可能”符合语境。故B正确。
52．（2024上·天津·高三天津市第四十七中学校考阶段练习）I _____ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.
A．won’t B．can’t C．can D．will
【答案】B
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：对于我们不在家时你对我儿子的帮助，我再感激你都不为过。can’t…too much意为“再……也不为过”，固定短语。故选B。
53．（2021上·天津·高三天津市天津中学校考阶段练习）We have bought so much food now that Suzie won’t be with us for dinner.
A．may not B．needn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：既然Suzie不会与我们共进晚餐，那么我们没必要买下这么多的食物。 全句表达对过去没必要的事却做了的一种遗憾。may not have done 可能没做过……；needn’t have done (过去)本没必要做（却已经做了）； can’t have done 不可能已做过……；mustn’t have done错误表达。now that 既然 指明显的原因，因此推断此处表示“本没必要做某事而实际上做了”。故选B。
【点睛】
54．（2019·天津河西·校联考一模）Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but _______say where he was.
A．mustn’t B．shouldn’t C．wouldn’t D．mightn’t
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：数天后，我弟弟打电话说他很好，但不肯告诉我他在哪里。A.mustn’t禁止；B.shouldn’t不应该；C.wouldn’t不情愿,不会；D.mightn’t可能不。根据转折词but可知，需用wouldn't，表示不愿意告诉他在哪里。故选C。
55．（2010·天津·高考真题）Mark ______ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.
A．needn’t B．wouldn’t C．mustn’t D．couldn’t
【答案】A
【详解】 考查情态动词。句意：迈克本不必要着急的。他以全速驾驶后，他早到了半个小时。结合“他早到了半个小时”可知，迈克本不必要着急的，need’t have done 表示“本不必要做某事却做了”，wouldn’t不会，mustn’t禁止，couldn’t不可能，故选A。
56．（2021下·高二单元测试）There was plenty of time. She ________ .
A．mustn’t have hurried B．couldn’t have hurried C．must not hurry D．needn’t have hurried
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：这有足够的时间，她没有必要着急。根据“There was plenty of time”可知没有必要，needn’t have hurried“不必着急”，故选D项。
57．（2019上·高一校考单元测试）Looking people in the eye ______ sometimes make them nervous and embarrassed.
A．must B．can C．should D．might
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：盯着人的眼睛看有时会让人紧张尴尬。A. must必须，表示主观推测或命令；B. can能，可以；C. should应该；D. might也许，表示主观推测或看法。此处题干陈述的是客观事实，应用can。故选B。
58．（2022·天津红桥·统考二模）—I don’t care what people think.
—Well, you _______
A．could B．would C．should D．might
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：--我不关心人们的想法。--嗯，你应该关注。答话的人提了一个建议——你应该关注别人对你的评价的。should可以用来向别人提建议，故选C。
59．（2020上·天津西青·高三统考期末）You ________ be Carol. You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.
A．must B．can C．will D．shall
【答案】A
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你肯定是卡罗，这些年你一点也没有变化。must表示对现在的肯定推测；can表示推测，表示可能性；will表示意愿；shall表示表示决心、命令或指示。根据下文“这些年你一点用没有改变”可知，前文表示肯定性推测。故选A。
【点睛】must表推测的用法must表示很有把握的推测，其意为“一定会”“肯定会”，只用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句或疑问句。表示对现在或未来的情况作推测，后接动词原形。You have worked hard all day. You must be tired. 你辛苦一整天，一定累了（对现在情况的推测判断）I didn’t hear the phone. I must have be asleep. 我刚才没有听到电话，我想必是睡着了。
60．（2023上·天津·高三天津十四中校考期末）—Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now
—I am afraid you _______,in case he comes late for the meeting.
A．will B．must C．may D．can
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——我应该立刻通知他时间有变化吗？——恐怕你必须这样做，以防他开会迟到。A. will将要；B. must必须；C. may可能；D. can能够，可以。根据下文的“in case he comes late for the meeting.”可知，此处是指必须通知“他”时间有变。故选B。
