人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 1 Science and scientists Reading and thinking 课件(共31张PPT，内镶嵌视频)

(共31张PPT)
Unit1 Science and Scientists
Read the title and predict.
Who was John Snow
How did John Snow defeat King Cholera
What does “ King ” imply in the title
What is King Cholera
a British doctor.
He conducted research and found out how cholera spread.
Cholera is powerful and hard to cure.
one of the most feared diseases and millions of people died from it in the early 19th century.
The text is mainly about ____________ and _______ he defeated king cholera.
John Snow
how
What does the passage probably come from
A.In a letter B.In a diary C.In a journal
used to 是指过去常常做某事，但是现在不做些事了。表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但是如今已不做或不存在了。
我过去常常帮助她。
我过去常常在放学后打蓝球。
那个女孩过去常常晚饭后散步。
accustom
be /get/become accustomed to doing sth
They ‘ve got accustomed to being vegetarain
[ ved te r n] n.
素食者
水被用来做饮料。
砖头被用来盖房子。
Para.1.
passive voice
overcome-overcame-overcome
symptoms
hit
VIDEO TIME
vt.击；打；撞击；碰撞到；命中；击中；使猛撞；击打推进；击打移动；击出…得分；使受严重影响；对…造成不利影响；使突然意识到；达到；取得成功；遇到；遭遇；谋杀；干掉；投合；迎合；猜对；偶然发现；到达；在…出现；要求；向…提出要求；过量饮（酒）；
n.撞击；碰撞；击；击中；恰当的话；诙谐的评论；妙语；受到广泛欢迎的人（或事物）；好运气；谋杀；深吸的一口烟；大饮的一口酒；一长条毒品；海洛因的一次注射；（网站的）一次访问；取得成功
hit词义：
1.I got two hits that afternoon, and Emily didn’t make a sound.
2.His book,Eat Right for Your Type, has been a hit with people who
want to lose weight.
3.The Wandering Earth is a hit of China’s sci-fi movie.
命中；击中
受到广泛欢迎的人（或事物）
取得成功
1.A wife may hit the ceiling because her husband forgot their wedding anniversary.
妻子可能会因为丈夫忘了他们的结婚纪念日而勃然大怒。
2.His remarks always hit the nail on the head.
他的评论总是一针见血。
Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world, until a British doctor. John Snow, showed how it could be overcome. This illness causes severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and even death. In the early 19th century, when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died from the disease. As a young doctor, John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera. In time, he rose to become a famous doctor, and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth. However, he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all.
Why is defeating cholera quite significant
the most
severe
even
millions of
no
once and for all
Para.2
Find a problem→Ask a question
1. What are the two theories Which theory did John Snow think was reasonable
2. What did John Snow investigate when another outbreak hit London in 1854
In general, doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. Snow subscribed to the second theory. It was correct, but he still needed proof. Consequently, when an outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, Snow began to investigate. He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why.
WhWhat was his purpose/result
at was his purpose/result
What was his purpose
What does the red stars stand for
multiple deaths happened here.
What does the green stars stand for
No death happened here.
Why
But he needed proofs!
1. What method did Snow use
2. What did he find on the map What did he do to deal with it
A map of Broad Street
Para.3
Analyze the results→Find supporting evidence
Suspect that the water from the pump was to blame.
CLUE: free beer from public house
While Reading
Stage Key words or sentences
1. 2 contrary theories
2. in two particular street the cholera was so severe ..... find out why
3. marking on the map
4. houses number 16,37,38 and 40;
20 and 21; 8 and 9
5. multiple death near the water pump;
some houses had no death.
6. a woman and her daughter had died,
the woman liked the water.... had it delivered to her house
7. John Snow announced that the pump water carried cholera germs.
analyse the result
ask a question
draw a conclusion
collect data
find supporting evidence
think of a method
find a problem
Rigorous attitude to science
Critical thinking
Creativity
P2-3 Put the following scientific stages in right order.
Water companies began to sell clean water.
The threat of cholera around the world decreased.
He helped people know how to prevent cholera.
Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases.
2. What contributions did John Snow make
The Father of Modern Epidemiology
1. What caused the outbreak of cholera in London in 1854
Read Para. 4-5 and answer the questions.
Water companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste, causing people who drank this water to get cholera.
Post-reading
In order not to get infected with disease, what should we pay attention to in our daily life.
Drink boiled water.
Wash your hands often.
Cook raw food thoroughly.
Deal with rubbish timely and properly.
Heat the food left overnight.
Remember to wear a mask when going out.
Summary 课文语法填空
John Snow was 1.__well-known doctor in London in the 19th century.He wanted to find the cause of cholera in order to help people 2._________ (infect) with it.In 1854 when an outbreak of cholera hit London, he 3.______ (begin) to gather information 4.____________ (immediate).He marked on a map 5.______all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who 6.__________ (drink) the dirty water 7._____the pump died.So he announced that the pump water 8.________ (carry) cholera germs.He suggested that the source of all water supplies 9._____________________ (examine) and new methods of 10.________ (deal) with polluted water be found.Finally, “King Cholera” was defeated.
a
infected
began
immediately
where
had drunk
from
carried
(should) be examined
dealing
1. used to do/be
2. an outbreak of...
3. die from ...
4. attended to
5. give birth（to)
6. lose desire to
7. once and for all
过去常常做/是
...的爆发
死于
照顾，护理
生孩子
失去做某事的希望
最终地，彻底地
Para 1 phrases
1.Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world，until a British doctor，John Snow，showed how it could be overcome.
画线部分是由until引导的时间状语从句
否定式： not...until...结构。
倒装结构：部分倒装“Not until＋谓语助动词＋主语＋谓语”。
强调结构：It is/was not until＋时间从句或短语＋that＋主句。
Language Points
2.In time，he rose to become a famous doctor，and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth.后来，他成为一名著名的医生，甚至在维多利亚女王分娩时照顾她。
1
in time及时；终于；迟早
in time作“终于；迟早”讲时，常单独使用，作状语。
in time作“及时”讲时，后常跟for sth. 或to do sth. 。
(1)You will succeed in time as long as you don’t give up.
只要不放弃，你总有一天会成功。
(2)The doctor came in time (save) his life.
医生及时赶到并抢救了他的生命。
(3)Lucky for him，he was just in time the bus.
幸运的是，他及时赶上了公共汽车。
to save
for
　time相关短语
①from time to time　 有时；偶尔
②at a time 每次
③in no time 立刻；马上
④at the same time 同时
⑤at one time 一度；从前
⑥at no time 绝不(置于句首时，用部分倒装)
(1)I can’t go out with you tonight because I have an urgent thing to .
attend vt.出席；参加 vt.& vi.照顾；护理 vi.处理
attend a meeting/a lecture/school参加会议/听报告/上学
attend to sb. /sth. 照料……；处理……；招待……
attend to
4.In time，he rose to become a famous doctor，and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth.后来，他成为一名著名的医生，甚至在维多利亚女王分娩时照顾她。
1. In general
2. be caused by
3. subscribe to
4. be determined to do
5. need proof
6. find out why
总的来说，大体上
由…导致
同意
决定做某事
需要证据
查明原因
Para 2 phrases
5. In general, doctors in those days had two contradictory theories.
contradictory adj. 互相矛盾的；互相对立的
be contradictory to… 与……矛盾、相反
【拓展】
____________ v. 反驳; 与……相矛盾
____________ n. 抵触; 矛盾; 矛盾的说法
【即学即用】 单句语法填空
1. The witness gave two completely _______________(contradict) descriptions.
完成句子: 2. 这两种说法相互矛盾。
The two stories _____________ ______ _______.
contradict
contradiction
contraditory
contradict each other
He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.
so +形容词/副词+that...
6. so ...that...
如此...以至于
引导结果状语从句的常见句型
so +形容词+a/an +可数名词单数+that...
so +many/few +可数名词复数+that...
so +much/little+不可数名词+that...
1. He ran so quickly that we all couldn’t catch up with him.
2. This is so interesting a book that we all enjoy reading it in our spare time.
3. She has so much talent that her mother feels proud of her.
4. He has published so many novels that I can’t finish reading them in a short time.
温馨提示： such... that 常用于以下三种句型：
1. such + a/an +形容词 +可数名词单数+ that...
2. such +形容词+可数名词复数+that...
3. such +形容词+不可数名词+that
1. mark on a map the exact place
2. multiple deaths
3. be to blame
4. as a result of
5. move away from
6. it seemed that
在地图上标出特定的位置
多例死亡
应受责备
由于
从..离开、搬离
似乎...看起来...
Para 3 phrases
7.Snow began by marking on a map the exact places where all those who died had lived.
斯诺开始在地图上标注所有死者生活的精确地址。
1. where 引导定语从句,先行词为palce在从句中做地点状语。
2. who 引导定语从句，先行词为those 那些人 ，做主语
where可转换成适当的“介词＋which”的形式。
表示抽象地点的名词(case，scene，situation，condition，race，life，point等)作先行词，且从句中缺少地点状语时，常用关系副词where引导定语从句。
(1)They borrowed materials from the hospital they’d trained as nursing assistants.
(2)In the middle of the sitting room，there is a table where (＝ ) many dishes are placed.
(3)They are now in a situation they need to make a practical plan.
where
on which
where
8. have +宾语+宾语补足语 结构
have +宾语+过去分词 （done） 使某事被完成
have +宾语+现在分词 （doing） 表示动作进行或持续
e.g: 1.We have the mchine mended just now.
e.g: 2. I can’t have you speaking to your mother in a rude manner.
小题集训
1. I can’t have you ____________(lie) to your parents.
2. When did you have your house_________(paint)
lying
painted
It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to herhouse every day.
1. be infected by waste
2. a link between … and
3. be polluted by raw waste
4. be likely to do
被废弃物感染
…和…之间的联系
被未经处理的废物污染
可能做某事
Para 4 phrases
1. through tireless efforts
2. the threat of ...
3. a substantial decrease
4. thanks to
5. be considered (as/to be)
通过不懈的努力
...的威胁
大幅度下降
幸亏，由于
被认为是
Para 5 phrases
【翻译】 这个城市自 1990 年以来发生了巨大的变化。
The city has seen great changes since 1990.
9. the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. 世界各地霍乱的威胁大幅降低。
使用拟人手法，以无生命的名词作主语，saw意为见证。
结构： 无生命的名词 +see/find/witness...
……经历、发生、见证、目睹某事
Make sentences
die from once and for all in general subscribe to
determine to do sth. be to blame as a result of thanks to
1. This is because millions of children ________ diseases that can be prevented through vaccines.
2. _________ your help, we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.
3. We have to resolve this matter ______________.
4. I never ___________ the “customer is always right” theory.
5. No matter what you _______________, I would side with you.
6. If their forces were not involved, then who __________
7. ________, Japanese cars are very reliable and breakdowns are rare.
8. Millions will face hunger _____________ severe natural disasters.
die from
Thanks to
once and for all
subscribe to
determine to do
is to blame
In general
as a result of