Unit 3 Grammar教学详案--牛津译林版中学英语八年级下
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| 名称 | Unit 3 Grammar教学详案--牛津译林版中学英语八年级下 |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2024-02-21 19:41:09 | ||
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Unit 3 Online tours
Grammar
设计说明 首先通过一首英文歌《See you again》导入新课。通过在歌词中划出含有现在完成时的句子，引出现在完成时。通过一段文字让学生分辨出哪些是一般过去时的句子，哪些是现在完成时的句子，让学生对这两种时态有直观的认识。接下来，呈现一般过去时和现在完成时的用法和区别，并通过一些练习进行巩固，让学生对这两种时态有更深入的理解。通过大量情境练习，让学生巩固所学语法知识，提升语言运用能力。 教学目标 通过本课节的教学，让学生达成以下目标： 1.知识目标 掌握词汇：dream, passport, dream of/about 2.能力目标 (1)了解一般过去时和现在完成时的区别； (2)能组织含有一般过去时和现在完成时的句子。 3.情感目标 了解一般过去时和现在完成时的区别，培养学生热爱生活、感恩社会的情感。 重点难点 1.重点：了解一般过去时和现在完成时的区别。 2.难点：能组织含有一般过去时和现在完成时的句子。 教学准备 PPT 课件；《See you again》的音频。 授课时数 1课时 教学过程 Step 1 Lead-in Play an English song See you again and show the lyrics on the screen. Then underline the sentences about the present perfect tense. It’s been a long day without you my friend And I’ll tell you all about it when I see you again We’ve come a long way from where we began Oh I’ll tell you all about it when I see you again When I see you again …
Answers: It’s been a long day without you my friend We’ve come a long way from where we began Step 2 Presentation 1. Pre-task Find out the sentences which use the simple past tense and present perfect tense in the passage. Millie had a dream last night. She dreamt of travelling to the USA. Millie has been to the USA once. She went there in 2017. She had a wonderful time there. Her uncle is in the USA. He has lived there for three years. Answers: Simple past tense: 1. Millie had a dream last night. 2. She dreamt of travelling to the USA. 3. She went there in 2017. 4. She had a wonderful time there. Present perfect tense: 1. Millie has been to the USA once. 2. He has lived there for three years. 2. Show the concept of the simple past tense and present perfect tense. (1)一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 He came here yesterday. 他昨天来这了。 (2) 现在完成时表示过去的动作（或者状态）对现在产生的影响或结果。 He has broken the glass. 他打碎了玻璃。 3. Show the differences between the simple past tense and present perfect tense. (1)构成不同 一般过去时：动词的过去式。 现在完成时：“助动词have/has +过去分词”。 ①Tom went to London last year. 汤姆去年去了伦敦。 ②Lily has been to London twice. 莉莉去过伦敦两次。 (2)用法不同 ①I had supper an hour ago. 我一小时前吃的晚饭。（表示过去的动作） ②I have just had supper. 我刚刚吃过晚饭。（强调对现在的影响——我不饿） ③He was a teacher then. 他那时是个教师。（表示过去的状态） ④He has been a teacher since then. 他从那时起就一直当教师。（他现在还是教师） (3)具体的时间状语 ①一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday, the other day, last week，...ago, in 1980，in October, just now等。 ②现在完成时的时间状语：for, since, so far, ever, never, just, (not)yet, recently, up to now, until/till now等。 4. New words (1) dream vi. & vt. 做梦，梦想 dream about/of 想象；梦想 Do you often dream at night 你在夜里经常做梦吗？ I sometimes dream about my parents. 我有时梦见我的父母。 I dream of becoming a teacher. 我梦想当名教师。 (2) passport n. 护照 5. Give some sentences as models and analyze. Then do some exercises. (1) Daniel went to Beijing two years ago. 丹尼尔两年前去了北京。 We use simple past tense to tell what happened in the past. Daniel has lived in Beijing for two years. 丹尼尔已经在北京居住两年了。 We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that started in the past and continues to the present. ①三年前他养了只猫做宠物。 He a cat as a pet three years ago. ②这只宠物猫他养了三年了。 He the pet cat for three years. Answers: ① kept ② has kept (2) Daniel bought a new computer last month. 丹尼尔上个月买了台新电脑。 We use the simple past tense to tell what happened in the past. Daniel has bought a new computer. 丹尼尔已经买了一台新电脑。 We use the present perfect tense to talk about the result of an action. When the action happened is not very important. It may have just happened or happened some time ago. ①我上个星期去参观了那个新动物园。 I that new zoo last week. ②我已经参观过那个新动物园了。 I that new zoo. Answers: ① visited ② have visited (3) Mr Wu visited Canada in 2010 and 2011. 吴老师在2010年和2011年访问过加拿大。 We use the simple past tense to tell what happened in the past. Mr Wu has been to Canada twice. 吴老师已经去过加拿大两次了。 We use the present perfect tense to tell how many times an action has happened till now. ①我上周看过这部电影。 I this movie last week. ②我已经看过这部电影很多次了。 I this movie many times. Answers: ① saw ② have seen Step 3 Practice 1. Fill in the blanks. Last Sunday, Ted and his father _____________(be) at home. They _____________ (move) to a new house. His father _____________ (want) to put the books in some boxes, but he _____________ (can not) find any boxes. Ted _____________ (tell) him the boxes _____________ (be) in the next room. Then he ____________ (bring) these boxes to his father. Answers: were, have moved, wanted, couldn’t, told, were, brought 2. Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the words in brackets. (1) —Is Tom doing his homework —No, he ____________ (finish) his homework. (2) —Do you know Miss King —No, but I ____________ (hear) of her before. (3) —What about the film —Sorry, I don’t know. I ____________ (not see) it yet. (4) —____________ you ever ___________ (be) to the Great Wall —No, never. (5) —Help yourself, please. —No, thanks. I am full. I ___________ just __________(eat) three eggs. Answers: (1) has finished (2) have heard (3) haven’t seen (4) Have, been (5) have, eaten Step 4 Practice 1. Part A: Simon is showing Millie some plete his sentences with the correct forms of the words in brackets. Then check the answers. 1 My friend Neil lives in the UK. He ______ (visit) the Palace Museum online the other day. 2 I ________ (see) many local arts on the website of the Hangzhou Arts and Crafts Museum last week. 3 _____ you ever _____ (try) the online games on the website of the Shannxi History Museum 4 I _______(learn) a lot from Digital Dunhuang by now. Answers: 1 visited 2 saw 3 Have, tried 4 have learnt/learned 2. Part B: Mr Wu is asking the students to make sentences with the correct tenses. Help them complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in brackets. Then check the answers. 1 I _________ (finish/ just) my homework. Millie _________ (finish) her homework 20 minutes ago. 2 I _________ (write) an email to my friend yesterday. Daniel _________ (write/already) two emails. 3 I _________ (be) in Hainan last month. Some of our classmates _________ (not be) to Hainan yet. 4 I _________ (live) in Sunshine Town since I was born. Daniel _________ (live) in Nanjing in 2007. Answers:1 have just finished；finished 2 wrote；has already written 3 was；haven’t been 4 have lived; lived 3. Part C: Millie has never been to Nanjing. She is asking Simon about the city. Complete their conversation with the correct forms of the words in brackets. Then check the answers. Millie: (1) _________ (you/be/ever) to Nanjing Simon: Yes. I (2) _________ (be) there three times. Millie: When (3) _________ (you/go) there last Simon: Last summer. I (4) _________ (spend) a week there. Millie: (5) _________ (you/like) it Simon: Oh yes. I (6) _________(have) a great time there. I (7) _________ (visit) many places of interest and (8)_________(eat) lots of local food. Millie: Lucky you! I (9) _________ (be/never) there. Answers: (1) Have you ever been (2) have been (3) did you go (4) spent (5) Did you like (6) had (7) visited (8) ate (9) have never been 4. Part D: Millie is writing about the USA in her diary. Complete her diary entry with the correct forms of the verbs in the box. Then check the answers. be buy read return see show
Saturday，15 March Have you ever dreamt of travelling around the world without a passport Yes, you can realize your dream by taking an online tour. Yesterday Daniel (1)_________ me an online tour of the USA. I (2)________ never ________ so many wonderful pictures before. Last week, I (3)_________ a book about the places of interest in the USA. I (4)_________ 20 pages already. It’s really interesting. My dad (5) _________ just _________ from the USA, but I (6) ________ never _________ there. I hope I can visit the USA some day. Answers: (1) showed (2) have, seen (3) bought (4) have read (5) has, returned (6) have, been 5. Tips: some day 和 the other day 的区别： ① some day指将来“总有一天，有朝一日，终将，（日后）某一天”，句子用一般将来时。如: Your wishes will come true some day. 总有一天你的愿望会实现的。 Some day you’ll have to pay for what you have done. 总有一天你要为你所做的事付出代价。 ② the other day 相当于a few days ago，意为“几天前，某天，那天，不久前”，句子用一般过去时。如： I met her in the street the other day. 几天前我在街上碰见过她。 I bought the watch the other day. 这手表是我几天前买的。 Step 5 Summary (1) 一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时表示过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。 (2) 一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。 一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday, last week，…ago, in 1980，in October, just now等。 现在完成时的时间状语：for, since, so far, ever, never, just, (not)yet, till/until, up to now, in past years等。 共同的时间状语：this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately等。 (3) 现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如：live, teach, learn, work, study, know等。 一般过去时常用非延续性动词（短语），如come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。 句子中如有yesterday, last week, in 1960等时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。 （错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. Step 6 Homework 1. Finish the exercises in workbook. 2. Try to remember the differences between the simple past tense and the present perfect tense. 当堂达标 I. 单项选择。 1. Mother _______ me a new coat yesterday. I _______ it on. It fits me well. A. had made; have tried B. made; have tried C. has made; tried D. made; tried 2. We _______ trees last Sunday. So far we _______ over 3,000 trees there. A. planted；planted B. planted；have planted C. have planted；planted D. have planted；have planted 3. I _______ the way. I ________ here for quite many years. A. knew; have lived B. knew; live C. know; have lived D. know; live II. 完成句子。 1. 北京因长城而著名。 Beijing _________ _________ _________ the Great Wall. 2. 这条河是个钓鱼的好地方。 This river is _________ _________ _________ ________ ________ fishing. 3. 我三天前听说过这件事了。 I _________ _________ this _________ _________ _________. 4. 自从2000年起，他就在上海工作了。 He _________ _________ in Shanghai _________ 2000. Answers: I. 1. B 2. B 3. C II. 1. is famous for 2. a good place to go 3. heard of, three days ago 4. have worked, since 板书设计 Unit 3 Online tours GrammarNew words: dream passport Phrases: dream of/ about realize your dream take an online tour一般过去时 概念：1.表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态； 2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 构成：动词的过去式 用法：表示过去的动作或状态 具体的时间状语：yesterday, the other day, once, last week，...ago, in 1980, in October, just now等。 现在完成时 概念：表示过去的动作（或者状态）对现在产生的影响和结果。 构成：助动词 have/has +过去分词 用法：强调对现在的影响 具体的时间状语：for, since, so far, ever, never, just, (not) yet, recently, up to now, until/till now等。
教学反思
Grammar
设计说明 首先通过一首英文歌《See you again》导入新课。通过在歌词中划出含有现在完成时的句子，引出现在完成时。通过一段文字让学生分辨出哪些是一般过去时的句子，哪些是现在完成时的句子，让学生对这两种时态有直观的认识。接下来，呈现一般过去时和现在完成时的用法和区别，并通过一些练习进行巩固，让学生对这两种时态有更深入的理解。通过大量情境练习，让学生巩固所学语法知识，提升语言运用能力。 教学目标 通过本课节的教学，让学生达成以下目标： 1.知识目标 掌握词汇：dream, passport, dream of/about 2.能力目标 (1)了解一般过去时和现在完成时的区别； (2)能组织含有一般过去时和现在完成时的句子。 3.情感目标 了解一般过去时和现在完成时的区别，培养学生热爱生活、感恩社会的情感。 重点难点 1.重点：了解一般过去时和现在完成时的区别。 2.难点：能组织含有一般过去时和现在完成时的句子。 教学准备 PPT 课件；《See you again》的音频。 授课时数 1课时 教学过程 Step 1 Lead-in Play an English song See you again and show the lyrics on the screen. Then underline the sentences about the present perfect tense. It’s been a long day without you my friend And I’ll tell you all about it when I see you again We’ve come a long way from where we began Oh I’ll tell you all about it when I see you again When I see you again …
Answers: It’s been a long day without you my friend We’ve come a long way from where we began Step 2 Presentation 1. Pre-task Find out the sentences which use the simple past tense and present perfect tense in the passage. Millie had a dream last night. She dreamt of travelling to the USA. Millie has been to the USA once. She went there in 2017. She had a wonderful time there. Her uncle is in the USA. He has lived there for three years. Answers: Simple past tense: 1. Millie had a dream last night. 2. She dreamt of travelling to the USA. 3. She went there in 2017. 4. She had a wonderful time there. Present perfect tense: 1. Millie has been to the USA once. 2. He has lived there for three years. 2. Show the concept of the simple past tense and present perfect tense. (1)一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 He came here yesterday. 他昨天来这了。 (2) 现在完成时表示过去的动作（或者状态）对现在产生的影响或结果。 He has broken the glass. 他打碎了玻璃。 3. Show the differences between the simple past tense and present perfect tense. (1)构成不同 一般过去时：动词的过去式。 现在完成时：“助动词have/has +过去分词”。 ①Tom went to London last year. 汤姆去年去了伦敦。 ②Lily has been to London twice. 莉莉去过伦敦两次。 (2)用法不同 ①I had supper an hour ago. 我一小时前吃的晚饭。（表示过去的动作） ②I have just had supper. 我刚刚吃过晚饭。（强调对现在的影响——我不饿） ③He was a teacher then. 他那时是个教师。（表示过去的状态） ④He has been a teacher since then. 他从那时起就一直当教师。（他现在还是教师） (3)具体的时间状语 ①一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday, the other day, last week，...ago, in 1980，in October, just now等。 ②现在完成时的时间状语：for, since, so far, ever, never, just, (not)yet, recently, up to now, until/till now等。 4. New words (1) dream vi. & vt. 做梦，梦想 dream about/of 想象；梦想 Do you often dream at night 你在夜里经常做梦吗？ I sometimes dream about my parents. 我有时梦见我的父母。 I dream of becoming a teacher. 我梦想当名教师。 (2) passport n. 护照 5. Give some sentences as models and analyze. Then do some exercises. (1) Daniel went to Beijing two years ago. 丹尼尔两年前去了北京。 We use simple past tense to tell what happened in the past. Daniel has lived in Beijing for two years. 丹尼尔已经在北京居住两年了。 We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that started in the past and continues to the present. ①三年前他养了只猫做宠物。 He a cat as a pet three years ago. ②这只宠物猫他养了三年了。 He the pet cat for three years. Answers: ① kept ② has kept (2) Daniel bought a new computer last month. 丹尼尔上个月买了台新电脑。 We use the simple past tense to tell what happened in the past. Daniel has bought a new computer. 丹尼尔已经买了一台新电脑。 We use the present perfect tense to talk about the result of an action. When the action happened is not very important. It may have just happened or happened some time ago. ①我上个星期去参观了那个新动物园。 I that new zoo last week. ②我已经参观过那个新动物园了。 I that new zoo. Answers: ① visited ② have visited (3) Mr Wu visited Canada in 2010 and 2011. 吴老师在2010年和2011年访问过加拿大。 We use the simple past tense to tell what happened in the past. Mr Wu has been to Canada twice. 吴老师已经去过加拿大两次了。 We use the present perfect tense to tell how many times an action has happened till now. ①我上周看过这部电影。 I this movie last week. ②我已经看过这部电影很多次了。 I this movie many times. Answers: ① saw ② have seen Step 3 Practice 1. Fill in the blanks. Last Sunday, Ted and his father _____________(be) at home. They _____________ (move) to a new house. His father _____________ (want) to put the books in some boxes, but he _____________ (can not) find any boxes. Ted _____________ (tell) him the boxes _____________ (be) in the next room. Then he ____________ (bring) these boxes to his father. Answers: were, have moved, wanted, couldn’t, told, were, brought 2. Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the words in brackets. (1) —Is Tom doing his homework —No, he ____________ (finish) his homework. (2) —Do you know Miss King —No, but I ____________ (hear) of her before. (3) —What about the film —Sorry, I don’t know. I ____________ (not see) it yet. (4) —____________ you ever ___________ (be) to the Great Wall —No, never. (5) —Help yourself, please. —No, thanks. I am full. I ___________ just __________(eat) three eggs. Answers: (1) has finished (2) have heard (3) haven’t seen (4) Have, been (5) have, eaten Step 4 Practice 1. Part A: Simon is showing Millie some plete his sentences with the correct forms of the words in brackets. Then check the answers. 1 My friend Neil lives in the UK. He ______ (visit) the Palace Museum online the other day. 2 I ________ (see) many local arts on the website of the Hangzhou Arts and Crafts Museum last week. 3 _____ you ever _____ (try) the online games on the website of the Shannxi History Museum 4 I _______(learn) a lot from Digital Dunhuang by now. Answers: 1 visited 2 saw 3 Have, tried 4 have learnt/learned 2. Part B: Mr Wu is asking the students to make sentences with the correct tenses. Help them complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in brackets. Then check the answers. 1 I _________ (finish/ just) my homework. Millie _________ (finish) her homework 20 minutes ago. 2 I _________ (write) an email to my friend yesterday. Daniel _________ (write/already) two emails. 3 I _________ (be) in Hainan last month. Some of our classmates _________ (not be) to Hainan yet. 4 I _________ (live) in Sunshine Town since I was born. Daniel _________ (live) in Nanjing in 2007. Answers:1 have just finished；finished 2 wrote；has already written 3 was；haven’t been 4 have lived; lived 3. Part C: Millie has never been to Nanjing. She is asking Simon about the city. Complete their conversation with the correct forms of the words in brackets. Then check the answers. Millie: (1) _________ (you/be/ever) to Nanjing Simon: Yes. I (2) _________ (be) there three times. Millie: When (3) _________ (you/go) there last Simon: Last summer. I (4) _________ (spend) a week there. Millie: (5) _________ (you/like) it Simon: Oh yes. I (6) _________(have) a great time there. I (7) _________ (visit) many places of interest and (8)_________(eat) lots of local food. Millie: Lucky you! I (9) _________ (be/never) there. Answers: (1) Have you ever been (2) have been (3) did you go (4) spent (5) Did you like (6) had (7) visited (8) ate (9) have never been 4. Part D: Millie is writing about the USA in her diary. Complete her diary entry with the correct forms of the verbs in the box. Then check the answers. be buy read return see show
Saturday，15 March Have you ever dreamt of travelling around the world without a passport Yes, you can realize your dream by taking an online tour. Yesterday Daniel (1)_________ me an online tour of the USA. I (2)________ never ________ so many wonderful pictures before. Last week, I (3)_________ a book about the places of interest in the USA. I (4)_________ 20 pages already. It’s really interesting. My dad (5) _________ just _________ from the USA, but I (6) ________ never _________ there. I hope I can visit the USA some day. Answers: (1) showed (2) have, seen (3) bought (4) have read (5) has, returned (6) have, been 5. Tips: some day 和 the other day 的区别： ① some day指将来“总有一天，有朝一日，终将，（日后）某一天”，句子用一般将来时。如: Your wishes will come true some day. 总有一天你的愿望会实现的。 Some day you’ll have to pay for what you have done. 总有一天你要为你所做的事付出代价。 ② the other day 相当于a few days ago，意为“几天前，某天，那天，不久前”，句子用一般过去时。如： I met her in the street the other day. 几天前我在街上碰见过她。 I bought the watch the other day. 这手表是我几天前买的。 Step 5 Summary (1) 一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时表示过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。 (2) 一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。 一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday, last week，…ago, in 1980，in October, just now等。 现在完成时的时间状语：for, since, so far, ever, never, just, (not)yet, till/until, up to now, in past years等。 共同的时间状语：this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately等。 (3) 现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如：live, teach, learn, work, study, know等。 一般过去时常用非延续性动词（短语），如come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。 句子中如有yesterday, last week, in 1960等时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。 （错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. Step 6 Homework 1. Finish the exercises in workbook. 2. Try to remember the differences between the simple past tense and the present perfect tense. 当堂达标 I. 单项选择。 1. Mother _______ me a new coat yesterday. I _______ it on. It fits me well. A. had made; have tried B. made; have tried C. has made; tried D. made; tried 2. We _______ trees last Sunday. So far we _______ over 3,000 trees there. A. planted；planted B. planted；have planted C. have planted；planted D. have planted；have planted 3. I _______ the way. I ________ here for quite many years. A. knew; have lived B. knew; live C. know; have lived D. know; live II. 完成句子。 1. 北京因长城而著名。 Beijing _________ _________ _________ the Great Wall. 2. 这条河是个钓鱼的好地方。 This river is _________ _________ _________ ________ ________ fishing. 3. 我三天前听说过这件事了。 I _________ _________ this _________ _________ _________. 4. 自从2000年起，他就在上海工作了。 He _________ _________ in Shanghai _________ 2000. Answers: I. 1. B 2. B 3. C II. 1. is famous for 2. a good place to go 3. heard of, three days ago 4. have worked, since 板书设计 Unit 3 Online tours GrammarNew words: dream passport Phrases: dream of/ about realize your dream take an online tour一般过去时 概念：1.表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态； 2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 构成：动词的过去式 用法：表示过去的动作或状态 具体的时间状语：yesterday, the other day, once, last week，...ago, in 1980, in October, just now等。 现在完成时 概念：表示过去的动作（或者状态）对现在产生的影响和结果。 构成：助动词 have/has +过去分词 用法：强调对现在的影响 具体的时间状语：for, since, so far, ever, never, just, (not) yet, recently, up to now, until/till now等。
教学反思