Unit 4 Grammar教学详案--牛津译林版中学英语八年级下
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| 名称 | Unit 4 Grammar教学详案--牛津译林版中学英语八年级下 |  | |
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Unit 4 A good read
Grammar
设计说明 首先通过一组图片来学习本课时的生词，再复习之前学过的动词不定式在句中作不同成分的用法，继而呈现疑问词跟动词不定式连用的几种情况，并通过一些练习进行巩固。再通过library rules 对must和have to的用法加以讲解和区分。然后通过一些图片设置的情境进行区分，最后通过练习来巩固。 教学目标 通过本课节的教学，让学生达成以下目标： 1.知识目标 掌握词汇：hand, review, return, hand in, write about, and so on, ask for help, on time 2.能力目标 (1)学会正确使用“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构； (2)学会正确使用must和have to。 3.情感目标 通过推荐好书的对话和了解图书馆借书流程，培养学生热爱阅读的习惯。 重点难点 1.重点：学会正确使用“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构。 2.难点：正确使用must和have to。 教学准备 PPT 课件；相关图片。 授课时数 1课时 教学过程 Step 1 Lead-in 1. Show some pictures and teach some new words. hand vi. 交；递，给 hand in上交，递交 review /r vju / n. 评论 return vt.归还 on time准时 renew /r nju / vt.续借；更新；重新开始 2. Revise to-infinitives To do that kind of thing is foolish. 主语 I want to see you this evening. 宾语 All you have to do is to finish it quickly. 表语 We found a house to live in. 定语 She came here to study English. 状语 He asked the patient not to eat cold food after the operation. 宾补 Step 2 Presentation 1. Show some pictures and analyze the usage of “question words + to-infinitives”. (1) Andy doesn’t know what to wear.（穿什么） (2) The man is teaching the boy how to borrow books （如何借书）from a library. (3) The boy is asking the teacher when to hand in the homework（什么时候交作业）. (4) Mum is telling her daughter where to go shopping（去哪里购物）. 2. We can use a question word with a to-infinitive after a verb. (1) Millie has decided ________________（读什么）. (2) Daniel did not say _____________（和谁交谈）about this book. (3) Simon forgot ______________（什么时候遇见）his friends. (4) Kitty cannot decide ________________（选哪一个）first. (5) Sandy is wondering ______________（去哪儿请求）for help. (6) Amy does not know _____________（怎样写）the report. Answers: (1)what to read (2)who to talk to (3)when to meet (4)which one to choose (5)where to ask (6)how to write 【注意】All question words can be used in this way, except why. Suzy will explain why to recommend this book. × Suzy will explain why she recommend this book. √ 3. We can use a verb and an object before a question word with a to-infinitive. advise, ask, decide, discuss, find out, forget, know, learn, remember, say, show, teach, think, understand, wonder (1) Mr Wu advised us ________________（选择哪一个） as after-school activities. (2) The students asked their teacher ____________________（什么时候上交）their work. (3) Millie showed us ________________（做什么） next. (4) Daniel taught himself ______________（怎样用）a computer to draw. (5) Don’t forget to tell your mum _______________（在哪儿接）you. Answers: (1)which to choose (2)when to hand in (3)what to do (4)how to use (5)where to meet 4. We can use a noun after what, which, whose, how many and how much. (1) They are discussing ____________________（涂哪一个颜色） the walls. (2) You can ask your parents ___________________（带多少钱）with you. Answers: (1)which colour to paint (2)how much money to take 5. We can also use an adjective like sure or clear before a question word. Suzy was not sure ______________（向谁请求）help. Are you clear ___________（什么时候见面） at the gate tomorrow Keys: who to ask for, when to meet Step 3 Summary 1.四种结构。 (1) 动词+疑问词 + to do sth (2) 动词+ 宾语+ 疑问词+to do sth (3) 动词+ 疑问词+ 名词+ to do sth (4) adj. (sure/clear) + 疑问词+to do sth 2.“疑问词+动词不定式”结构在句子中还可以作主语和表语。 (1) What to do with（如何处理) the waste is still a hard problem. (2) The problem is when to leave（何时离开）the place. 3.“疑问词+动词不定式”结构可以改写成由该疑问词引导的从句。 e.g. I don’t know what to do.（该做什么） = I don’t know what I should do. 【注意】所有疑问句中，只有why不可以与动词不定式连用 Step 4 Practice 1.同义句转换 (1) He did not know where he could find other people. = where to find (2) He wondered who he could ask for help. = who to ask for (3)He did not know how he could break the ropes. = how to break (4) He found out what he could do with the tiny man. = what to do with (5) He decided when he should leave Lilliput. = when to leave (6) I don’t know what I should do/how I should do it.（怎么办） = what to do/how to do it 2. Amy and Daniel are talking about their Reading plete their conversation. Use the correct question words and to-infinitives. Then check the answers. how, what, when, where, which, who, ask for, find, hand in, read, speak, travel, write about
Amy: Mr Wu has recommended so many interesting books. Have you decided (1) ____________ first, Daniel Daniel: Yes. I want to read Journey to the West first. But I don’t know (2) _________ the book. Amy: You can try our school library or Sunshine Library. Oh, did you know Peter is reading Around the World in Eighty Days He wants to find out (3) __________ around the world in such a short time. Daniel: Wow, that’s amazing! By the way, can you tell me (4)_____________ our book report Amy: Before next Friday. I’m still not sure (5) _____________ in the report. Daniel: You can write anything about your book—what the book is about, what you think of it and so on. You should read some reviews about the book before writing. Amy: Thank you. Anyway, I know (6) _____________ help with writing. Mr Wu is always there to help us. Answers: (1) which to read (2) where to find (3) how to travel (4) when to hand in (5) what to write about (6) who to ask for Step 5 Presentation 1. Show a picture of a library and some library rules. (1) I must keep quiet in the library. (2) I want to keep the book longer, but I have to return it on time. 2. Show the usage of “must” and “have to”. must 表示主语“必须”做某事，强调说话人的主观意愿; have to 强调的是客观需要，意思是“不得不，得做某事”。 have to 有人称和数的变化: has to, had to, will have to。 3. Give more examples. People mustn’t smoke in the library. mustn’t（禁止） —Do people have to pay for the book in the library —No, they don’t have to pay for the book in the library. don’t have to do sth（不必做某事） 4. Let’s work out the rules! (1) 必须做某事（主观意愿） must do sth 禁止做某事 mustn’t do sth (2) 不得不做某事（客观需要）have to do sth 不必做某事 don’t have to do sth 【拓展】 (1) must用在一般疑问句中，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t 或 don’t have to。 —Must I keep the book clean and tidy —Yes, you must. —Must I bring my ID card（身份证） when I come here —No, you needn’t. —No, you don’t have to. (2) must还可以表示肯定猜测，意思是“一定”。否定的猜测是can’t。 You must be hungry after all that walking. 走了那么远的路，你一定饿了吧。 That can’t be Lucy. She has gone to America. 那肯定不是露西，她已经去了美国。 Step 6 Practice 1. 用 must, mustn’t, have to, don’t have to的适当形式填空 (1)People go across the road when the traffic light is red. (2)People wait for the green traffic lights. (3)Her mother look after her at home because she is ill. (4)She have lessons at school. Answers: (1)mustn’t (2)must (3)has to (4)doesn’t have to 2. Amy is telling her cousin Shirley some library plete what she says with must, must not, have to or don’t have to. Then check the answers with students. You (1) _______ keep quiet in the library. You (2) _______ keep the books clean and tidy. You (3) _______ draw or write in the books . You (4) _______ eat or drink in the library. You (5) _______ return the books on time. If you want to keep them longer, you (6) _______ renew them. You (7) ________ bring your student card every time you go to the library, but remember to bring your library card. Answers: (1) must (2)must (3)must not (4)must not (5) must (6)have to (7) do not have to Step 7 Homework 1. Remember the grammar rules in this lesson. 2. Finish the exercise in the workbook. 当堂达标 I. 选词填空。 1. They know ___________ to meet at 8:00 tomorrow. (where, when) 2. Can you tell us _________ to talk to (who, where) 3. Do you know _________to fix the computer (who, how) II. 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Sandy wants to know where _________ (ask) for advice. 2. My question is when ___________(start). 3. Could you tell me which __________(do) first,my homework or my favourite hobby III. 翻译。 1. 吉姆还没有决定向谁请求帮助。 Jim hasn’t decided ____________________. 2. 他们忘了应当什么时间交作业。 They forgot __________________ the homework. 3. 我必须努力学习。 __________________________________ 4. 她得照看她妈妈，因为她妈妈病了。 ___________________________________ 5. 你禁止在书上画画或者写字。 ___________________________________ IV. 单项选择。 1. —Must I return the book today —No, you _______. A. don’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. don’t have to 2. Students in our school ______ know shouting is not allowed（允许） in the library. A. can B. may C. must D. need Answers: I. 1. where 2. who 3. how II. 1. to ask 2. to start 3. to do III. 1. who to ask for help 2. when to hand in 3. I must work hard. 4. She has to look after her mother, because her mother is ill. 5.You mustn’t draw or write in the book. IV. 1. D 2. C 板书设计 Unit 4 A good read GrammarNew words and phrases: hand review return hand in write about and so on ask for help on timeGrammar: 1.“疑问词+动词不定式”四种结构 (1) 动词+ 疑问词 + to do sth (2) 动词+ 宾语+ 疑问词+to do sth (3) 动词+ 疑问词+ 名词+ to do sth (4) adj. (sure/clear)+ 疑问词+to do sth 2.must与have to (1) must: 主观意愿 必须做某事must do sth 禁止做某事mustn’t do sth (2) have to: 客观需要 不得不做某事have to do sth 不必做某事 don’t have to do sth
教学反思 教学反思
Grammar
设计说明 首先通过一组图片来学习本课时的生词，再复习之前学过的动词不定式在句中作不同成分的用法，继而呈现疑问词跟动词不定式连用的几种情况，并通过一些练习进行巩固。再通过library rules 对must和have to的用法加以讲解和区分。然后通过一些图片设置的情境进行区分，最后通过练习来巩固。 教学目标 通过本课节的教学，让学生达成以下目标： 1.知识目标 掌握词汇：hand, review, return, hand in, write about, and so on, ask for help, on time 2.能力目标 (1)学会正确使用“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构； (2)学会正确使用must和have to。 3.情感目标 通过推荐好书的对话和了解图书馆借书流程，培养学生热爱阅读的习惯。 重点难点 1.重点：学会正确使用“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构。 2.难点：正确使用must和have to。 教学准备 PPT 课件；相关图片。 授课时数 1课时 教学过程 Step 1 Lead-in 1. Show some pictures and teach some new words. hand vi. 交；递，给 hand in上交，递交 review /r vju / n. 评论 return vt.归还 on time准时 renew /r nju / vt.续借；更新；重新开始 2. Revise to-infinitives To do that kind of thing is foolish. 主语 I want to see you this evening. 宾语 All you have to do is to finish it quickly. 表语 We found a house to live in. 定语 She came here to study English. 状语 He asked the patient not to eat cold food after the operation. 宾补 Step 2 Presentation 1. Show some pictures and analyze the usage of “question words + to-infinitives”. (1) Andy doesn’t know what to wear.（穿什么） (2) The man is teaching the boy how to borrow books （如何借书）from a library. (3) The boy is asking the teacher when to hand in the homework（什么时候交作业）. (4) Mum is telling her daughter where to go shopping（去哪里购物）. 2. We can use a question word with a to-infinitive after a verb. (1) Millie has decided ________________（读什么）. (2) Daniel did not say _____________（和谁交谈）about this book. (3) Simon forgot ______________（什么时候遇见）his friends. (4) Kitty cannot decide ________________（选哪一个）first. (5) Sandy is wondering ______________（去哪儿请求）for help. (6) Amy does not know _____________（怎样写）the report. Answers: (1)what to read (2)who to talk to (3)when to meet (4)which one to choose (5)where to ask (6)how to write 【注意】All question words can be used in this way, except why. Suzy will explain why to recommend this book. × Suzy will explain why she recommend this book. √ 3. We can use a verb and an object before a question word with a to-infinitive. advise, ask, decide, discuss, find out, forget, know, learn, remember, say, show, teach, think, understand, wonder (1) Mr Wu advised us ________________（选择哪一个） as after-school activities. (2) The students asked their teacher ____________________（什么时候上交）their work. (3) Millie showed us ________________（做什么） next. (4) Daniel taught himself ______________（怎样用）a computer to draw. (5) Don’t forget to tell your mum _______________（在哪儿接）you. Answers: (1)which to choose (2)when to hand in (3)what to do (4)how to use (5)where to meet 4. We can use a noun after what, which, whose, how many and how much. (1) They are discussing ____________________（涂哪一个颜色） the walls. (2) You can ask your parents ___________________（带多少钱）with you. Answers: (1)which colour to paint (2)how much money to take 5. We can also use an adjective like sure or clear before a question word. Suzy was not sure ______________（向谁请求）help. Are you clear ___________（什么时候见面） at the gate tomorrow Keys: who to ask for, when to meet Step 3 Summary 1.四种结构。 (1) 动词+疑问词 + to do sth (2) 动词+ 宾语+ 疑问词+to do sth (3) 动词+ 疑问词+ 名词+ to do sth (4) adj. (sure/clear) + 疑问词+to do sth 2.“疑问词+动词不定式”结构在句子中还可以作主语和表语。 (1) What to do with（如何处理) the waste is still a hard problem. (2) The problem is when to leave（何时离开）the place. 3.“疑问词+动词不定式”结构可以改写成由该疑问词引导的从句。 e.g. I don’t know what to do.（该做什么） = I don’t know what I should do. 【注意】所有疑问句中，只有why不可以与动词不定式连用 Step 4 Practice 1.同义句转换 (1) He did not know where he could find other people. = where to find (2) He wondered who he could ask for help. = who to ask for (3)He did not know how he could break the ropes. = how to break (4) He found out what he could do with the tiny man. = what to do with (5) He decided when he should leave Lilliput. = when to leave (6) I don’t know what I should do/how I should do it.（怎么办） = what to do/how to do it 2. Amy and Daniel are talking about their Reading plete their conversation. Use the correct question words and to-infinitives. Then check the answers. how, what, when, where, which, who, ask for, find, hand in, read, speak, travel, write about
Amy: Mr Wu has recommended so many interesting books. Have you decided (1) ____________ first, Daniel Daniel: Yes. I want to read Journey to the West first. But I don’t know (2) _________ the book. Amy: You can try our school library or Sunshine Library. Oh, did you know Peter is reading Around the World in Eighty Days He wants to find out (3) __________ around the world in such a short time. Daniel: Wow, that’s amazing! By the way, can you tell me (4)_____________ our book report Amy: Before next Friday. I’m still not sure (5) _____________ in the report. Daniel: You can write anything about your book—what the book is about, what you think of it and so on. You should read some reviews about the book before writing. Amy: Thank you. Anyway, I know (6) _____________ help with writing. Mr Wu is always there to help us. Answers: (1) which to read (2) where to find (3) how to travel (4) when to hand in (5) what to write about (6) who to ask for Step 5 Presentation 1. Show a picture of a library and some library rules. (1) I must keep quiet in the library. (2) I want to keep the book longer, but I have to return it on time. 2. Show the usage of “must” and “have to”. must 表示主语“必须”做某事，强调说话人的主观意愿; have to 强调的是客观需要，意思是“不得不，得做某事”。 have to 有人称和数的变化: has to, had to, will have to。 3. Give more examples. People mustn’t smoke in the library. mustn’t（禁止） —Do people have to pay for the book in the library —No, they don’t have to pay for the book in the library. don’t have to do sth（不必做某事） 4. Let’s work out the rules! (1) 必须做某事（主观意愿） must do sth 禁止做某事 mustn’t do sth (2) 不得不做某事（客观需要）have to do sth 不必做某事 don’t have to do sth 【拓展】 (1) must用在一般疑问句中，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t 或 don’t have to。 —Must I keep the book clean and tidy —Yes, you must. —Must I bring my ID card（身份证） when I come here —No, you needn’t. —No, you don’t have to. (2) must还可以表示肯定猜测，意思是“一定”。否定的猜测是can’t。 You must be hungry after all that walking. 走了那么远的路，你一定饿了吧。 That can’t be Lucy. She has gone to America. 那肯定不是露西，她已经去了美国。 Step 6 Practice 1. 用 must, mustn’t, have to, don’t have to的适当形式填空 (1)People go across the road when the traffic light is red. (2)People wait for the green traffic lights. (3)Her mother look after her at home because she is ill. (4)She have lessons at school. Answers: (1)mustn’t (2)must (3)has to (4)doesn’t have to 2. Amy is telling her cousin Shirley some library plete what she says with must, must not, have to or don’t have to. Then check the answers with students. You (1) _______ keep quiet in the library. You (2) _______ keep the books clean and tidy. You (3) _______ draw or write in the books . You (4) _______ eat or drink in the library. You (5) _______ return the books on time. If you want to keep them longer, you (6) _______ renew them. You (7) ________ bring your student card every time you go to the library, but remember to bring your library card. Answers: (1) must (2)must (3)must not (4)must not (5) must (6)have to (7) do not have to Step 7 Homework 1. Remember the grammar rules in this lesson. 2. Finish the exercise in the workbook. 当堂达标 I. 选词填空。 1. They know ___________ to meet at 8:00 tomorrow. (where, when) 2. Can you tell us _________ to talk to (who, where) 3. Do you know _________to fix the computer (who, how) II. 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Sandy wants to know where _________ (ask) for advice. 2. My question is when ___________(start). 3. Could you tell me which __________(do) first,my homework or my favourite hobby III. 翻译。 1. 吉姆还没有决定向谁请求帮助。 Jim hasn’t decided ____________________. 2. 他们忘了应当什么时间交作业。 They forgot __________________ the homework. 3. 我必须努力学习。 __________________________________ 4. 她得照看她妈妈，因为她妈妈病了。 ___________________________________ 5. 你禁止在书上画画或者写字。 ___________________________________ IV. 单项选择。 1. —Must I return the book today —No, you _______. A. don’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. don’t have to 2. Students in our school ______ know shouting is not allowed（允许） in the library. A. can B. may C. must D. need Answers: I. 1. where 2. who 3. how II. 1. to ask 2. to start 3. to do III. 1. who to ask for help 2. when to hand in 3. I must work hard. 4. She has to look after her mother, because her mother is ill. 5.You mustn’t draw or write in the book. IV. 1. D 2. C 板书设计 Unit 4 A good read GrammarNew words and phrases: hand review return hand in write about and so on ask for help on timeGrammar: 1.“疑问词+动词不定式”四种结构 (1) 动词+ 疑问词 + to do sth (2) 动词+ 宾语+ 疑问词+to do sth (3) 动词+ 疑问词+ 名词+ to do sth (4) adj. (sure/clear)+ 疑问词+to do sth 2.must与have to (1) must: 主观意愿 必须做某事must do sth 禁止做某事mustn’t do sth (2) have to: 客观需要 不得不做某事have to do sth 不必做某事 don’t have to do sth
教学反思 教学反思