Module 11 Body language
Unit 3 Language in use
学习目标
1.复习本模块单词、短语及句型。
2.掌握祈使句的用法。
3.能够通过肢体语言了解世界各地不同的风俗习惯。
自主学习
学习任务一:预习Language practice
观察下面的句子,总结祈使句的用法。
Give them more personal space. Wave to say goodbye. Be careful! Don’t stand too close to North Americans.
学习任务二:语法小结
祈使句
祈使句是用来表达请求、命令、劝告、叮嘱、希望或禁止等语气的句子。
祈使句的主语通常为第二人称 ,且常 。一般没有时态和语态的变化,句末用句号或感叹号,读时用降调。
1.祈使句的基本结构
肯定形式:常以动词原形开头,即“(谓语) 动词原形+其他成分.”。
, please! 请起立!
, children! 孩子们,安静!
me have a look.让我看一看。
否定形式: 常在肯定式前加Don’t, 也可加Never。
next time!
下次不要迟到了!
it with you!
不要把它带走!
her go there.
不要让她去那里。
it like that.
再也不要那样做了。
【注意】由Let开头的句子多是祈使句,即“Let+宾语+动词原形+其他.”。
→否定形式:“Don’t+let+宾语+动词原形+其他.”或“Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他.”
不要让他去那里。
let him go there.
him there.
【拓展】①为使语气委婉,通常将祈使句与please连用。例如:
the door, . / the door.请开门。
②有时为了指明向谁提出请求或命令,可以加称呼语。例如:
Tony, . 托尼,请坐下。
③祈使句在口语中还可以用到以下几种形式:
Help! 救命!
/ ! 禁止拍照/停车!
! 举起手来!
2.祈使句的应答语
祈使句表示要求、建议对方“将来”做或不做某事,因此其肯定应答语通常用“I/We
.”,否定应答语通常用“I/We .”。例如:
— Knock on the door before you go in! 你进去之前要敲门!
— . 我会的。
— Don’t forget to turn off the lights when you leave.你离开时别忘记关灯。
— . 我不会忘记的。
【口诀】下面的口诀总结了祈使句的一般规律,一起来看看吧!
祈使句,有特点,
动词原形摆在前,
否定句式也不难,
Don’t放在最前面,
其他一律都不变。
学习任务三:按要求完成下面的练习
1.将下列句子改为祈使句。
(1) It’s important to be careful.
(2) It’s important to clean and tidy the lab.
(3) You cannot touch anything if the teacher doesn’t ask you to.
(4) You cannot bring food or drink into the lab.
(5) You cannot enter the lab alone.
2.用方框中单词和短语回答问题。
all right arm in arm close different hold on to kiss three times point at shake hands with wave
(1) How do the British say hello to each other when they first meet
(2) Does body language mean the same thing in different countries
(3) How do the Russians say hello to each other when they meet
(4) Is it polite to stand close to North Americans
(5) Is it all right to wave goodbye in Greece
(6) How do you usually say goodbye with body language
合作探究
1. You cannot bring food or drink into the lab.你不能带食物或饮料进实验室。
bring及物动词,意为“ ”。其过去式为 。
bring sb. sth. (=bring sth. for sb.) 意为“ ”。
Do you your homework 你带来家庭作业了吗?
Bring me some candy. (= some candy me.) 给我带一些糖果来。
【辨析】bring与take
bring 带来;拿来 强调将某人或某物从别的地方带到说话的地方来
take 带走;拿走 强调从说话的地方将某人或某物带到别的地方去
2. It’s a way of being polite and showing respect.这是一种展示礼貌和表示尊重的方式。
show此处用作及物动词,意为“表示;表现出”。show还可表示“展示;给……看;带领”。show sth. to sb.或show sb. sth. 意为“ ”。
Please show your new computer to me.
=Please your new computer.请把你的新电脑给我看看。
盘点收获
句型 1.你不能带食物或饮料进实验室。 2.这是一种展示礼貌和表示尊重的方式。
语法 祈使句
当堂达标
Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. It’s an important meeting. (not be) late.
2. (not make) any noise! Your mother is sleeping.
3. (not speak) with your mouth full of food.
4. (not talk) or (read) aloud.
5. (look) out! A car is coming.
Ⅱ. 翻译句子。
1.明天请把你的照相机带来。
2.不要用英语唱这首歌曲。
3.请对孩子们友好一点。
4.上课不要迟到!
5.放学后记得打扫教室。
Ⅲ. 句型转换 (每空一词)。
1. Can you open the door, Steven (改为祈使句)
, Steven.
2. Put the book on the chair. (改为否定句)
the book on the chair.
3. You must be careful, Susan. (改为祈使句)
, Susan.
4. You shouldn’t be late for school, Linda! (改为否定祈使句)
late for school, Linda!
5. If you move, you’ll die. (改为同义句)
, or you’ll die.
Ⅳ. 完形填空。
People in different countries have different ways of doing things. Something that is 1 in one country may be quite impolite in another.
In Britain, you mustn’t lift your bowl to your 2 when you are having some liquid (液体) food. But it’s 3 in China. And in Japan you even needn’t worry about making 4 while you are having it. It shows that you are enjoying it. But people in Britain think it is bad manners. If you are a visitor in Mongolia, what manners do they wish 5 to have They wish you to give a loud“burp”(打嗝) 6 you finish eating. Burping shows that you like the food.
In Britain, you should try not to 7 your hands on the table when you’re having a meal. In Mexico, however, guests are expected to keep their hands on the table during a meal. But in Arab countries you must be very careful with your hands. You 8 eat with your left hands. Arabs think it is very 9 manners to eat with left hands. So when you are in other countries,
10 other people’s ways of doing things carefully and follow them.
1. A. bad B. useful C. terrible D. polite
2. A. mouth B. nose C. ears D. eyes
3. A. same B. different C. important D. difficult
4. A. faces B. noises C. mistakes D. friends
5. A. them B. her C. you D. him
6. A. after B. before C. if D. until
7. A. give B. take C. bring D. put
8. A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. don’t have to D. may not
9. A. different B. important C. good D. bad
10. A. see B. look C. read D. watch
学后反思
当堂达标参考答案:
Ⅰ. 1. Don’t be 2. Don’t make 3. Don’t speak 4. Don’t talk, read 5. Look
Ⅱ. 1. Please bring your camera tomorrow.
2. Don’t sing the song in English.
3. Please be friendly to the children.
4. Don’t be late for class!
5. Remember to clean the classroom after school.
Ⅲ. 1. Open the door 2. Don’t put 3. Be careful 4. Don’t be 5. Don’t move
Ⅳ. 语篇解读:本文介绍的是不同国家的人们有不同的做事方式。比如,在英国,当你吃饭的时候,你应该尽量不要把手放在桌子上;而在墨西哥,习俗却恰好与此相反;在阿拉伯国家用左手吃饭是非常不礼貌的。
1. D 根据空格后面提到的impolite可推知,此空所缺单词应是impolite的反义词。故选D。
2. A 结合语境可知,在英国,当你吃液体食物时,不要把碗举到你的嘴边。故选A。
3. B same“相同的”;different“不同的”;important“重要的”;difficult“困难的”。结合
空格前的连词but可知,在中国情况是不一样的。故选B。
4. B make noises意为“发出声音,制造噪音”,符合此处语境。故选B。
5. C 结合从句中的主语you可知,此处wish的宾语是you。
6. A 该句句意为“在你吃完之后,他们希望你能打个响亮的‘嗝’”。故选A。
7. D 由下文“In Mexico,however,guests are expected to keep their hands on the table...”可知,在英国,情况恰好与墨西哥相反,即吃饭的时候你应该尽量不要把手放在桌子上。由此可知所缺的单词是put。
8. B 结合上下文可知,在阿拉伯国家不能用左手吃饭。表示“禁止”应用mustn’t。故选B。
9. D 结合上文可知,阿拉伯人觉得用左手吃饭是非常不礼貌的。故选D。
10. D 此处表示“仔细观察;仔细观看”,故用动词watch。