UNIT 5 Period 2 （Section A 3a-4c）教学详案

Period 2 （Section A 3a-4c）
设计说明
　　首先利用图片教授单词，简单直观，学生易于理解和接受。在学习3a—3c的过程中，首先通过对课本插图的描述，降低学生阅读难度，使学生能独立完成阅读任务。听录音时矫正读音也是必不可少的教学任务。3c活动的开放性很大，对于学生驾驭语言的水平要求也较高。因此可以给学生提供适当的语言帮助。Grammar Focus的表格中列出了本单元使用过去进行时的典型例句。4a是一个结构练习，主要让学生通过造句注意到when和while在引导时间状语从句时的区别。4b是一个语篇类的填空练习，通过第一人称讲述发生在过去的一场车祸。4c是书面表达和口头表达相结合的综合活动，以问答的形式让学生使用过去进行时进行交流。
教学目标
　　1. 知识目标
　　（1）掌握单词和短语：storm，wind，light，report，area，wood，window，flashlight，match，beat，against，asleep，rise，fallen，apart，icy，kid；at first，fall asleep，die down，have a look。
　　（2）掌握句型：①Black clouds were making the sky very dark. ②Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working. ③Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows.
　　（3）掌握语法：when与while的用法。
　　2. 能力目标
　　（1）学会描述过去某一时刻正在发生的事情并能讲简单的小故事。
　　（2）掌握本单元语法。
　　3. 情感目标
　　让学生知道在灾难面前需要团结、友善和互相帮助。
重点难点
　　1. 重点：
　　（1）掌握本课时单词、短语和句型。
　　（2）正确运用过去进行时，叙述过去某个时刻或某段时间正在发生的事情。
　　2. 难点：
　　（1）正确运用过去进行时，叙述过去某个时刻或某段时间正在发生的事情。
　　（2）正确使用when 和while。
教学准备
　　多媒体课件、录音机、磁带。
教学过程
　　Step 1　Warming up & Leading in
　　Free talk.
　　T：What were you doing at seven this morning
　　S1：I was having breakfast at home.
　　T：What were you doing at eight
　　S2：I was reading English.
　　...
　　Step 2　Presentation
　　Teach the new words：storm，wind，light，report，area，wood，window，flashlight，match，beat，against，asleep，rise，fallen，apart，icy，kid.
　　Phrases：at first，fall asleep，die down，have a look.
　　For example：
　　Show this picture to the students.
　　T：Look at the picture. What’s the weather like
　　Ss：It’s windy.
　　T：Yes. The wind is blowing strongly.
　　Then let students read the new words. The teacher can walk around the classroom and give necessary help.
　　Then do some exercises about words and phrases.
　　1. 单词英汉互译。
　　storm 暴风雨 风wind
　　光；光线；光亮light 报道；公布report
　　area 地域；地区 wood 木；木头
　　窗；窗户window flashlight 手电筒；火炬
　　match 火柴 beat 敲打；打败
　　against 倚；碰；撞 asleep 睡着
　　rise 升起；增加；提高 倒下的；落下的 fallen
　　apart 分离；分开 icy 覆盖着冰的；冰冷的
　　开玩笑；欺骗kid
　　2. 短语英汉互译。
　　at first 起初；起先 fall asleep 进入梦乡；睡着
　　die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失
　　看一看have a look
　　Step 3　Reading
　　1. Fast reading.
　　（1）Show the picture on the screen.
　　T：Look at the picture. Can you describe the picture according to the tips
　　Weather：windy，rainy，cloudy
　　Neighborhood：rubbish，in a mess
　　S1：There was a heavy rainstorm in the area.
　　S2：The wind blew strongly.
　　S3：The rubbish was everywhere.
　　S4：...
　　（2）Read the passage in 3a and get the main idea of each paragraph.
　　Para. 1 Before the storm
　　Para. 2 During the storm
　　Para. 3 After the storm
　　Para. 4
　　Answers：Before the storm—Para. 1，Para. 2；During the storm—Para. 3；After the storm—Para. 4
　　2. Careful reading.
　　（1）Read Para. 1 and Para. 2 and then finish the form.
Before the storm
environment strong winds a heavy rainstorm was in the area
black clouds
no light
people’s activities Ben’s Dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows.
Ben’s Mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working.
also put some candles and matches on the table.
　　（2）Read Para. 3 and then finish the form.
During the storm
Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows.
Ben’s family tried to play a card game，but it was hard to have fun with a serious storm happening outside.
　　（3）Read Para. 4 and then finish the form.
After the storm
environment The sun was rising.
Neighborhood was in a mess.
fallen trees broken windows rubbish
people’s activities People helped clean up the neighborhood together.
feelings Although the storm broke many things apart，it brought families and neighbors closer together.
　　3. After reading.
　　（1）Read the passage more carefully and underline the verbs in the passage which tell us what was happening in the past.
　　（2）Give the correct forms of the verbs in parentheses. Do not refer to the passage until you finish your exercises.
　　Everyone in the neighborhood was busy before the rainstorm came. Ben’s dad was putting（put）pieces of wood over the windows while his mother was making（make） sure the flashlights and radio were working（work）. She also put some candles and matches on the table.
　　Ben was helping（help） his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows. After dinner，they tried to play a card game，but it was hard to have fun with a serious storm happening outside.
　　Ben could not sleep at first. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying（die） down at around 3：00 a. m. When he woke up，the sun was rising（rise）. He went outside with his family and found the neighborhood in a mess. Fallen trees，broken windows and rubbish were everywhere. They joined the neighbors to help clean up the neighborhood together. Although the storm broke many things apart，it brought families and neighbors closer together.
　　Notes：
　　①with no light outside意为“外面没有光亮”，相当于without light outside。
　　②put pieces of wood over the windows意为“把一块块木头钉在窗户上”。wood名词，意为“木头”，“一块木 头”可用a piece of wood表示。
　　③辨析：broke与broken
　　broke是break的过去式；broken此处作形容词，意为“破碎的”。
　　My cup is broken. Who broke it
　　我的杯子破了。谁打破的？
　　④辨析：sleep与asleep
　　sleep 动词，意为“睡觉”；asleep 形容词，意为“睡 着的”。
　　He couldn’t sleep at first，but at last he fell asleep at around 11：30 last night. 昨天晚上，最初他睡不着觉，但最后在大约十一点半时他睡着了。
　　⑤辨析：rise与raise
　　rise是不及物动词，后面不能跟宾语，也就是说“某物自己升起来”。raise是及物动词，后面跟宾语，指“主语把某物举起来”。
　　He raised his right hand. 他举起了右手。
　　The waves rose and fell. 波浪起起伏伏。
　　4. Work on 3b.
　　（1）Complete the sentences in 3b using information from the passage.
　　（2）Check the answers.
　　Answers：1. were blowing
2. was putting pieces of wood over the windows
3. was helping his mom make dinner
4. fell asleep，was dying down
　　5. Work on 3c.
　　T：Although the storm broke many things apart，it brought families and neighbors closer together. Look at these pictures. What can you think of （Show these pictures to the students.）
　　　　
　　　　
　　There was a dreadful earthquake，but everyone wanted to stay there，side by side with their families and friends and all the victims of the disaster. Although natural disasters are relentless，the world is full of love.
　　T：What other things can bring people closer together How can we help each other in times of difficulty Look at this picture. What can you do
　　Answers will vary.
　　Look at another picture. If you can help him when he needs help，what can you do for him
　　Ask students to discuss in groups，and then show their answers.
　　T：Unselfish love can bring people closer together.
　　Step 4　Grammar Focus
　　Learn and complete.
　　1. 过去进行时态
　　（1）用法：
　　①过去某一时刻正在发生的动作。
　　He was cooking at six yesterday evening.
　　昨天晚上六点，他正在做饭。
　　②在过去某段时间内正在进行或发生的动作。
　　I was staying here from March to May last year.
　　去年从3月到5月，我一直待在这里。
　　（2）与过去进行时连用的时间状语，常见的有 at nine last night，at that time，then，at this time yesterday等。
　　（3）过去进行时的构成：was/were+现在分词
　　（4）过去进行时的四个基本句型：
　　肯定句：He was cooking at six yesterday evening.
　　否定句：He was not cooking at six yesterday evening.
　　一般疑问句：Was he cooking at six yesterday evening
　　肯定和否定回答：Yes，he was. /No，he wasn’t.
　　特殊疑问句：What was he doing at six yesterday evening
　　2. 读下列动词的现在分词，总结一下它们的变化规律吧！
　　guessing，allowing，playing，beating，copying，taking，arriving，preparing，dropping，running，getting
　　（1）一般情况在词尾直接加-ing，如：ask—asking，sleep—sleeping
　　（2）动词词尾有不发音的字母e时，去掉字母e加-ing，如：invite—inviting，leave—leaving
　　（3）重读闭音节结尾的动词要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ing，如：kid—kidding，hit—hitting
　　3. when和while的区别：
　　（1）when既可指时间点，也可指一段时间，while只指一段时间，因此when引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词可以是非延续性动词，也可以是延续性动词，而while引导的从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。
　　（2）when 说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生；while 则强调主句的动作在从句动作发生的过程中发生或主从句两个动作同时发生。
　　（3）在含有when引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中，主句用过去进行时，从句应用一般过去时；如果从句和主句的动作同时发生，且二者都用过去进行时，从句多用while引导。
　　When the teacher came in，we were talking.
　　老师进来时，我们正在说话。
　　当此句改变主从句的位置时，则为：
　　While we were talking，the teacher came in.
　　They were singing while we were dancing.
　　他们在唱歌，我们在跳舞。
　　Step 5　Practice
　　1. Work on 4a.
　　做题提示：（1）读所给单词和短语，判断其中的动词是延续性动词还是非延续性动词；（2）选择合适的连词。
　　（1）Make sure the students know what to do. Then ask them to write as many sentences as they can.
　　（2）Ask some students to read their sentences. Give them small presents if they do their work well.
　　2. Work on 4b.
　　（1）Ask students to fill in the blanks with was，were，when or while individually.
　　（2）Check the answers.
　　Answers：While，was，was；While；When，was；was；were
　　3. Work on 4c.
　　（1）Students fill in the chart individually.
　　T：What were you doing at these times last Sunday Write the activities in the chart.
　　（2）Read the conversation in 4c.
　　（3）Students ask and answer questions with their partners.
　　（4）Ask some pairs to show their conversations.
　　Step 6　Summary
　　In this lesson，we have learned：
　　1. New words and phrases：storm，wind，light，report，area，wood，window，flashlight，match，beat，against，asleep，rise，fallen，apart，icy，kid；at first，fall asleep，die down，have a look.
　　2. Sentences：（1）Black clouds were making the sky very dark.
　　（2）Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working.
　　（3）Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows.
　　3. Grammar：Master the past progressive tense and use when/while correctly.
　　4. Retell the usage of the past progressive tense，and use when and while correctly.
当堂达标（见导学案“当堂达标”）
答案与解析：
Ⅰ. 1. was walking，met　句意为“当我正在街上走着时，我遇见了我最好的朋友吉姆”。由题干可知本句为含有when引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句，从句应用过去进行时，主句用一般过去时。
2. bought　句意为“上周日妈妈给我爸爸买了一件漂亮的外套和一条裤子”。由时间状语last Sunday可知，句子应用一般过去时。
3. dying　hear...doing sth. 意为“听到……正在做某事”；die的现在分词为dying。
4. icy　由空格前的were可知此处应用ice的形容词形式icy。
5. fallen　句意：在秋天，你到处都可以看到落叶。此处应用fall的过去分词作leaves的定语，故填fallen。
6. asleep/sleeping　句意：“你弟弟醒着吗？”“不，他睡着了/正在睡觉。”由空格前的be动词is可知，此处可填形容词asleep作表语，也可填sleeping与be动词构成现在进行时结构。
Ⅱ. 1. B　根据上句“昨晚九点我在写作业”及下句“我在电影院看到你了”可推知，答语第一句意为“别开玩笑了”，kid意为“开玩笑”，符合句意，故选B。
2. B　win意为“赢”；beat意为“打败”。根据前句“You should believe in yourself.（你应该相信你自己）”可知，没有人能够打败你。beat符合句意，can后接动词原形，故选B。
3. A　fall asleep意为“入睡”；wake up 意为“叫醒”；get up意为“起床”；go to bed意为“上床睡觉”。根据关键词“tired（累）”可推知，他睡着了，fall asleep符合语境，故选A。
4. D　句意为“我在洗衣服时电话响了”。根据句意可知空格处用过去进行时，故选D。
5. A　against“反对；倚着”；across“穿过，横穿”；above“在……上面”；below“在……下面”。句意：这两个队不是第一次对抗了。 动词play后跟介词against，表示“对抗”。故选A。
Ⅲ. 1. What were，doing　2. were playing
3. While，was playing　4. When was
板书设计
UNIT 5　What were you doing when the rainstorm came Period 2（Section A 3a-4c）
storm　wind　light report　area　wood window　flashlight match　beat　against asleep　rise　fallen　apart icy　kid　at first fall asleep　die down have a look Black clouds were making the sky very dark. Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows.
教学反思