Unit 4 Grammar教学课件-译林牛津版初中英语七年级（下）

(共20张PPT)
Unit 4 Finding your way
Grammar
学 习 目 标
掌握本课时新单词及词组：cage,across,inside,outside,
above,below,sign,over,bench；
1
3
能运用方位介词来表达物体的位置。
能掌握冠词的用法。
2
课 堂 导 入
What can they see in Sunshine Zoo
A panda,a lion,a bird,a monkey,
a giraffe,an elephant and so on.
课 堂 学 习
Talk about the animals in the zoo
Daniel sees panda.
panda is eating bamboo.
a
The
Millie sees lion.
lion is on a big cage.
a
The
They also see giraffe and
elephant. giraffe has
long neck. elephant has
large ears. ears are like
open fans.
a
an
The
a
The
The
冠词三兄弟：不定冠词 a/an 定冠词 the
不定冠词 a, an
1.第一次提到某人或某物时。I have a book.
2.泛指某一类的人或物。 A panda is very lovely.
3. 表示“一个”，但数的概念没有 one 强。There is a tree on the hill.
4.固定短语 have a rest, go on a trip, take a walk ,have a good time and etc.
不定冠词 a/an 的区别
不定冠词 用法 例词
a
an
a + 辅音音素开头的单词
a house a ruler
an +元音音素开头的单词
an egg an apple
注意辅音字母开头，但以元音发音开始的单词
an Mp5
an hour
a useful book
用不定冠词a, an填空
eye 2.___friend 3.___hour 4. useful book
5.____ honest boy 6. egg 7. important person
8. ____ unhappy day
an
a
an
an “a , e , i , o , f, h , l , m , n , r , s , x ”
以元音音素开头的字母
an
a
an
an
an
不定冠词用法
冠词a, an两种帽，许多名词都需要。
开头读音若是元，要把an 帽来挑选。
辅音起首戴a 帽，记住规律莫乱套。
定冠词 the
1. 指上文提到过的人或物。如: Lucy bought a new bike. The bike is green.
2. 用于世界上独一无二的事物前。如: the sun the moon
3. 特指(或说话双方都知道的人或物)。如: Who’s the girl in white
4. 用于序数词和形容词最高级前。如: She is always the first to get to school.
He is the tallest boy in our class.
5. 用于乐器名词前。如: play the piano play the violin
6. 定冠词与形容词连用表示一类人，加在姓氏前面表示“……一家人”。
如: the rich 有钱人 the Smiths 史密斯一家
7. 用于表示地点，时间，方位的词前 on the left/right, in the east；
in the morning/afternoon/evening；in the centre of, on the north of
8.某些专有名词和习惯用语中用定冠词。如: the Great Wall
by the way，the Yellow River, the Summer Palace,
the USA, the UK, the UN
名词前面是不是一定要用冠词呢？
重点突破
不用/零冠词的情况
1.名词前已经有指示代词（this, that, these, those）、形容词性物主代词（my, his, our …）或名词所有格等限定词。
2.表示语言、学科、三餐、球类运动、棋类运动、月份、季节、星期、
日期、人名、国家、称呼语或头衔等名词前。
3. 物质名词或抽象名词前。如：Failure is the mother of success.
4. by+交通工具，不用冠词，如：by bus /underground/train/ship/plane
5.某些固定短语中。at first, at work, on foot, go to school, go to bed, at home/school, be ill in bed(卧病在床), at night等。
Millie: Let’s go to the Panda House first.
Daniel: Here we are. I can see (1) ___ panda there. It’s lying on the grass.
Millie: How cute! I really love pandas. Look! There’s (2) ____ baby panda. It’s so small.
Daniel: Yes. (3) _____ baby panda doesn’t look like its mother.
Millie: Now let’s go to see some lions.
Daniel: Are (4) ___ lions in (5) ___ open area
Millie: No, they aren’t. They are in (6) ___ very big cage.
Daniel: I see.
(Half an hour later)
Daniel: Millie, here’s (7) ____ bridge. What can you see across it
Millie: Oh, (8) ____ elephant is standing over there.
Daniel: Let’s go across (9) ____ bridge and see (10) ____ elephant.
a
an
the
a
Millie and Daniel are talking about the animals in the zoo.
Complete their conversation with a,an or the.
The
a
a
an
the
the
Where is the cat
inside
outside
Prepositions of place (方位介词)
on
over/above
on the left of
on the right of
under/below
More prepositions of the place
Do you know these words
over 在……的正上方
under 在……的正下方
above 在……的上方(表面不接触)
below 在……的下方
on 在……的上面(表面接触)
over
under
above
below
on
方位介词 含义 注意
at 在…处 指在某一点,常用于较小的地点
in 在…处 相对于at,常用于较大的地点
on 在…上 在某一平面上
above 在…上方 表示“高于某物”
below 在…下方 表示“低于某物”
over 在…上方 在垂直正上方,不接触表面
under 在…下方 在垂直正下方,不接触表面
opposite 在…对面
Summary
方位介词 含义 注意
in front of 在…前面 在某物外部的前面，注意与in the front of的区别,后者指“在某物内部的前面”
behind 在…后面 在某物的后面
inside 在…里面
outside 在…外面
beside 在…旁边
next to 在…旁边 相当于beside
between 在…中间 between表示在两者之间，among表示“在三者（或以上）之间”
In front of
Next to/beside
on
on
in
under
Between
on
Complete the passage with the correct preposition of place.
We use prepositions of place to say
where things or people are.
Look and say
A: Where is the lake
B: It’s beside a football field.
A: Where are the two boys rowing the boat.
B: They are rowing the boat on the lake.
…
课 堂 达 标
I.单项选择
( )1.We live on ______third floor of the tall building.
A. a B. an C. the D./
( )2.I like playing ____ basketball, while my sister likes playing the piano.
A. a B. an C. the D./
( )3.There are about 365 days in __ year.
A. a B. an C. the D./
( )4.—What do you want to be when you grow up
—I want to be ___ social worker. Many people need our help.
A. a B. an C. the D./
( )5.______Greens are preparing for the coming Thanksgiving Day.
A. a B. an C. the D./
( )6. —Why are you standing ,Alice
—I can’t see the blackboard clearly. Two tall boys are sitting __ me.
A. behind B. next to C. beside D. in front of
( )7.What a sunny day!Let’s go boating ___ the lake, shall we
A. on B. in C. over D. above
C
D
A
A
C
D
A
II.填入适当的介词使句子通顺
1. The football is _________ the door, so I can’t see it.
2. Don’t stand _____________ us, or we can’t see the film clearly.
3. There is an electric fan _______ the desk.
4. Look! Your rubber is ________the chair. Pick it up.
5. Eddie doesn’t want to live ____ the palace.
6. Stephen is chatting with his friends _____ the balcony.
7. Li Ming is my neighbour. His house is ___________________ mine.
8. The Palace Museum is in the ________ of Beijing.
9. “Kitty sits on the right of Sandy”. It means Sandy sits on Kitty’s _____.
10. The moon is now _______ the trees.
behind
in front of
above
under
in
on
beside / next to
centre
left
above
1.Revise what we have learnt in Grammar.
2.Preview Integrated Skills.
Homework
Thank you !