2024年中考英语二轮题型专项特训 阅读理解之七选五（含解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024年中考英语阅读七选五专项特训
根据短文内容，从短文后的A、B、C、D、E、F、G七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Going to high school is a new experience full of excitement of the unknown. It is common to feel a little uncomfortable going into a situation where everyone is a stranger. You may probably miss your friends. Trying actively to. find new friends can help ease the feelings of being lonely. High school is a great chance to make new friends. 1
1. Get to know your roommates. You may find you have lots of things in common with your roommate, but even if you are completely different from each other, with a little effort and understanding the two of you may become best friends.
2. 2 If you leave your door open, this shows that you welcome visitors. As a result people will naturally stop and say hello. Closed doors are not likely to bring many visitors and those who stay in their rooms may give others the impression of being cold. Other students will be less likely to stop and build a new friendship.
3. Join clubs or organizations. It is a great way to meet new people. 3 By staving active in high school groups such as clubs and organizations you can meet lots of people with whom you share common interests.
4. Talk to classmates. Get to know your classmates as you’ll be spending several months with them. Starting conversations in class is a great opportunity to meet people who are interested in the same kind of studies as you are. 4
5. Try out for a sport. If you are athletic, trying out for a sport will do for you the same thing that joining a club will do. You will meet a large group of people who share your interests in sports.
If you are nervous about the upcoming high school life, you may as well try these suggestions. 5 And you will find yourself well fit in high school right away.
A．So don’t worry about meeting a stranger.
B．Short friendly discussions can build friendships.
C．Open the door to welcome friends.
D．Don’t stay in your rooms all the time.
E．The question is: How
F．It also helps you get more familiar with the campus.
G．They can ease your worries and guide you from the beginning.
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项是多余选项。
These days our society develops rapidly and forces people to rush. 6 However, it is better for people to take their time and live their life at a slower pace than to hurry to get things done.
The main reason that convinces us to oppose doing work in a hurry is the possibility of doing wrong in a rush. When people do their jobs or take action in a hurry, they cannot make a sound decision and probably regret later. 7 We should think carefully before making a decision and do our work less quickly. We should not make mistakes by doing work hurriedly. Slowing down the pace of life helps people enjoy their life better. 8 However, taking a train makes people have enough time to get to know a lot of new friends. Besides, it allows people to fully enjoy the beautiful scenery along the way. On the contrary, being in a hurry will make us lose chances of enjoying our life.
9 As is known to all, taking action in a hurry bothers people and raises their stress. People think if they are not in a hurry, they will become a loser and that annoys them. But being in a hurry can hurt people both physically and mentally. According to some studies, people who have a slower pace suffer fewer diseases, tend to be happier and live much longer than those whose life is tense, even if the former finish jobs more slowly than the latter.
In short, working quickly will bring about more material benefits to make our society more advanced. 10 Therefore, take your time and live your life at a slower pace.
A．As the saying goes, “Haste makes waste.”
B．It appears that people have got used to being in a hurry.
C．Last but not least, slower life pace rids people of diseases.
D．Finally, slower life pace provides better health conditions for us.
E．However, much stress can’t bring enjoyment, friends and health.
F．Doing things carefully seems to slow down people’s life pace.
G．For example, taking a train to some place certainly will take more time than taking a plane.
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项是多余选项。
Imagine a holiday to the moon Sounds crazy Not really. A Japanese company has been working on how to organize holidays to the moon for several years now. 11
Trying to make the holiday possible will not be an easy task, and the Japanese company plans to make it in stages. 12 A transport system, like the space shuttle (航天飞机) used by NASA, at the moment is likely to be developed for this purpose.
The next stage is to build a big hotel orbiting 500 km above the earth. The hotel will orbit the earth once every four or five hours, which will offer visitors some fascinating views of the earth. 13 While this may not seem very exciting at first, think about new sports that can be designed for people to play in zero gravity.
The final stage in the plan is the construction of a hotel on the surface of the moon itself. As solar energy would be used to provide power, it would be important to build the hotel near one of the poles of the moon in order to gather as much solar energy as possible. 14 It is also important to find a part of the moon which is flat, as a long runway will need to be built for the space shuttle to land on. Meanwhile, the company has already developed ways to make cement (水泥) on the moon. 15 The company plans to produce water from oxygen elements, which can be found in moon rocks, and hydrogen (氢), which will have to be imported from earth.
So perhaps in a few years you might be enjoying yourselves on the moon.
A．Next, the hotel will have a wide range of sporting activities.
B．Tourists who want to travel into space can stay at a big hotel.
C．The first thing to do is to organize trips around the earth for a few hours.
D．There would probably be holidays to a moon hotel within the next ten years.
E．There is plenty of sand, but the big problem will come with producing water.
F．This part of the development plan does not seem to be too difficult to carry out.
G．This is because a lunar day, which is 14 earth days long, is followed by 14 days of darkness.
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项是多余选项。
In the book Influences and Effect Sizes Related to Student Achievement, 39 studies were used to rank the effect of summer vacation on student’s achievement. The findings were posted on the Visible Learning website. 16
To combat this negative impact, many teachers in middle and high schools are encouraged to create summer assignment packets. These packets are an attempt to maintain academic practice for all students during summer vacations.
The summer assignment packets that teachers distribute at the end of a school year are designed for students to practice a few hours every week throughout the summer. 17 Students may wait until the end of the vacation to do the schoolwork.
Complaints against the assigned summer work packets come from both parents and teachers. 18 Some parents may argue for freedom from summer assignment packets suggestion that “My child needs a break,” or “This is more work for me than for my child!” Meanwhile some teachers are not happy to begin the school year with a pile of summer assignment papers to grade. 19 However, they still do not want to start the year collecting or chasing students for summer assignment work.
20 But most of these comments reflected the attitude of students who already expected additional work from their advanced level classes. “I am going to be enrolling in an Advanced Literature course next year and have been assigned two books to read this summer, an essay to write ... this pushes me to find out more information about the subject matter that will be in the course.”
A．Their complaints are different but understandable.
B．Students’ attitudes are all negative.
C．When asked to hand in the assignment packets, most of the students claim to have lost the assignment packets.
D．They have assigned the task with good intention.
E．In contrast, there were some students who saw value in summer assignments.
F．What happens in reality, however, is that completing the summer packets often tuns into a last-minute activity.
G．They noted that summer vacation in the U. S. has one of the greatest negative impacts on students’ learning.
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项是多余选项。
Making decisions in life can be a difficult task. 21 In fact, the decisions you make today will not only influence your future, but also other people and the world in which you live.
Decisions making involves thinking, talking, and searching for information related to a problem. 22 You do this by talking with others who know about the subject, going to the library, and thinking about two or more solutions.
23 An example is your ten-year-old car breaks down and needs much money to repair. You need transportation to get to work, to do shopping and to deal with other tasks. You must decide the best way to spend the family's money.
In deciding-or making a decision-there is a six-step process:
Define (明确) the problem. Understand the problem clearly.
Gather and list all the information you can get on the problem.
24 It is important to have many possible solutions (解决方法) to the situation. It will take time to research the variety of solutions.
25 Look at the good and bad sides to each solution. What are the results of each Answer the questions: Will the solution be good for me... the family...co-workers Stay with your values and those of your family.
Choose the best solution to solve your problem.
Evaluate the decision you made. Decide if you need to change your action plan.
A．Set clearly defined goals or action plans.
B．Examine two or more solutions to the situation.
C．Analyze (分析) the possible results of each solution.
D．You probably won’t be happy with every decision you make.
E．You collect information that can help you with every decision you make.
F．Throughout your life you will make some decisions that will influence your future.
G．Decision making usually happens when events, habits, and patterns of living change.
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
When you use a knife and fork, you have to take the knife with your right hand and the fork with your left hand, or you can’t put food into your mouth. But with chopsticks, you can solve the eating problems with just one hand. 26
Chopsticks were called zhu or jia in ancient China. It is said that they were invented by Da Yu, who successfully controlled the heavy flood. One day he was busy dealing with the flood. In order to save time when eating, he used two sticks from a tree to take the hot food. That was how chopsticks came into use. 27
In fact, the earliest chopsticks found in China were made of bronze (青铜), which were unearthed from Yinxu in Anyang city, Henan province.
Many people probably haven’t realized the cultural meanings of chopsticks. 28 Do you notice that one end of chopsticks is square and the other end is round So, why According to our ancestors, the round end symbolized Heaven and the square end symbolized Earth. 29 In Chinese culture, it shows the perfect combination (结合) yin and yang.
The influence of Chinese culture has stretched (延伸) far and wide. 30 So it’s unbelievable that foreigners cannot use chopsticks.
根据短文内容，从下面七个选项中选择五个还原到文中。
A．Besides, chopsticks are used in pairs.
B．It’s convenient and efficient (有效率的).
C．It was one of the legends about chopsticks.
D．You should not point your chopsticks at others while eating.
E．At least 1.8 billion people are using chopsticks around the world.
F．They are regarded as one of the symbols of Chinese food culture.
G．Chopsticks are usually made of bamboo, wood, metal and other materials.
Stella magazine asked YouGov, a research center to interview over 1, 000 women in Britain about everything, from their eating habits to their relationships and family values, to find out what they really think. 31
Eighty percent of women say that losing their health is their greatest concern followed by putting on weight(52%) and losing their jobs(24%). 32 Twenty-three percent of women are on a diet now and fifty-eight percent have gone on a diet in the past. Only four percent of women do more than seven hours’ exercise per week, while twenty-one percent do no exercise at all.
33 It is followed by bringing up happy children(56%) and finding time for them-selves (52%). They want to take good care of their children, but on the other hand, they find themselves in a mess.
As for their love lives, nine percent of women aged 45-54 met their husbands through the Internet, and forty-nine percent of women believe that the best age to get married is between 25 and 29. 34
And what about the relationships between men and women 35 These women are also not so pleased with their husbands’ efforts at home: fifty-one percent say they now do over seventy-five percent of the housework. Despite this, over seventy percent of women would prefer to have a male boss than a female.
A．It seems that British women aren’t too happy with their bodies.
B．I want you to share opinions with us.
C．Here are some of the results.
D．Fifty-nine percent think fathers should take more responsibility for their children.
E．More and more women prefer being alone to getting married.
F．The biggest challenge for modern women is balancing home and work life (82%).
G．Because they think they can make a rational choice at that age.
Many people take a nap(午休) in the afternoon. 36 . Sleeping for the right amount of time may help you maximize(使……增至最大限度) these advantages. So how long is the perfect nap Here are the best lengths for a nap for different people.
Siesta time
37 . The word is from the Latin word sexta, meaning sixth hour, so six hours after sunrise is the time to take a sleep for people to relax.
Power nap
This nap is about 10 to 20 minutes. It may help reduce tired feelings. Here is a perfect example of a helpful power nap. If you take a long drive, 38 . This would give you energy. Especially if you are feeling sleepy.
Short-term nap
This nap is anywhere from 30 minutes to 60 minutes and it may cause uncomfortable feelings upon awakening. However, this amount of sleep time slows down the brain waves. 39 . This may offer an improved ability to remember places, names, faces.
Rapid eye movement (REM) nap
You will reach a full sleep cycle(周期) complete with rapid eye movement and dreams during a 90-minute nap. In fact, at night 40 . Those who can benefit from an hour-long afternoon nap are older adults.
A．As a result, it helps with memory
B．Try to make it a little shorter and stick to it
C．each of these cycles takes from 90 to 100 minutes
D．An afternoon nap gives you energy and lifts your spirit
E．it’s better for you to nap for 20 minutes before moving
F．Follow the origin of the word siesta to know more about nap time
G．it’s necessary for you to have a good sleep before having a long trip
参考答案：
1．E 2．C 3．F 4．B 5．G
【导语】本文讲述进入大学新环境，人会感到不适应；交新朋友可以缓解个人的孤独感。文章主要介绍了五种在大学里交新朋友的方法。
1．根据前句“High school is a great chance to make new friends.”可知高中是结交新朋友的好机会；下文是具体的五种在大学里交新朋友的方法，因此是承上启下句。选项E“问题是：怎么做？”符合题意。故选E。
2．根据后句“If you leave your door open”，“Closed doors”以及“build a new friendship”可知此段主要讲述了敞开大门会帮助你交到朋友，而相反地关上门则给人一种冷漠的印象，不会让人驻足和你建立友谊。选项C“开门欢迎朋友。”符合题意。故选C。
3．根据前句“Join clubs or organizations. It is a great way to meet new people.”可知加入俱乐部或组织是结识新朋友的好方法，因此下句与此相关，介绍加入俱乐部的另一好处。选项F“它还可以帮助你更加熟悉校园。”符合题意。故选F。
4．根据前句“Starting conversations in class is a great opportunity to meet people who are interested in the same kind of studies as you are.”可知课堂上开始对话可以结识和你一样对同类研究感兴趣的人，这是建立友谊的另一好处。选项B“简短的友好讨论可以建立友谊。”符合题意。故选B。
5．根据前句“If you are nervous about the upcoming high school life, you may as well try these suggestions.”可知如果你对即将到来的高中生活感到紧张，不妨试试这些建议，下句应是这些建议的好处。选项G“它们可以缓解你的担忧，并从一开始就为你提供指导。”符合题意。故选G。
6．B 7．A 8．G 9．D 10．E
【导语】本文讲述了社会迅速的发展使得人们匆匆忙忙，建议我们放慢生活节奏，欲速则不达。
6．根据“These days our society develops rapidly and forces people to rush.”可知我们的社会发展迅速，迫使人们争先恐后，得出人们匆匆忙忙是常态。故“人们似乎已经习惯了匆忙。”符合题意。故选B。
7．根据前句“...doing work in a hurry is the possibility of doing wrong in a rush...”可知仓促行事可能出错，因此接下来依旧说仓促的缺点。故“俗话说：‘欲速则不达。’ ”符合题意。故选A。
8．根据下句“However, taking a train makes people have enough time to get to know a lot of new friends.”可知表转折，坐火车可以让人们有足够的时间认识很多新朋友，这是优点，因此前句是火车的缺点。故“例如，坐火车去某个地方肯定比坐飞机要花更多的时间。”符合题意。故选G。
9．根据下文“According to some studies, people who have a slower pace suffer fewer diseases, tend to be happier and live much longer than those whose life is tense”可知节奏较慢的人比生活紧张的人患的疾病更少，更快乐，寿命更长；此处是较慢的生活节奏的好处。故“最后，较慢的生活节奏为我们提供了更好的健康条件。”符合题意。故选D。
10．根据后句“take your time and live your life at a slower pace.”可知放慢生活节奏慢慢来，因此前句是佐证慢生活优点。故“然而，压力过大并不能带来快乐、朋友和健康。”符合题意。故选E。
11．D 12．C 13．A 14．G 15．E
【导语】本文介绍一家日本公司致力于到月球旅行的项目，并介绍该项目的相关信息。
11．根据“A Japanese company has been working on how to organize holidays to the moon for several years now.”可知，一家日本公司几年来一直在研究如何组织去月球度假。此处提到去月球旅行，选项D“在未来十年内，人们可能会去月球上的旅馆度假。”符合语境，故选D。
12．根据“Trying to make the holiday possible will not be an easy task, and the Japanese company plans to make it in stages.”可知，让这个节日成为可能并非易事，这家日本公司计划分阶段实现。此处介绍阶段的第一步，选项C“首先要做的是组织几个小时的环球旅行。”符合语境，故选C。
13．根据“The next stage is to build a big hotel orbiting 500 km above the earth.”可知，下一阶段是在距地球500公里的轨道上建造一座大型酒店。此处提到酒店，选项A“接下来，酒店将有各种各样的体育活动。”符合语境，故选A。
14．根据“As solar energy would be used to provide power, it would be important to build the hotel near one of the poles of the moon in order to gather as much solar energy as possible.”可知，由于太阳能将被用来提供电力，为了收集尽可能多的太阳能，在月球的一个极点附近建造旅馆是很重要的。此处介绍尽可能多地搜集太阳能的原因，选项G“这是因为阴历的一天，相当于地球的14天，之后是14天的黑暗。”符合语境，故选G。
15．根据“The company plans to produce water from oxygen elements, which can be found in moon rocks, and hydrogen (氢), which will have to be imported from earth.”可知，该公司计划从月球岩石中的氧元素和必须从地球进口的氢元素中制造水。本句是解决问题的办法，选项E“这里有大量的沙子，但最大的问题是如何生产水。”符合语境，故选E。
16．G 17．F 18．A 19．D 20．E
【导语】本文主要讲了学生暑假作业包所产生的一些负面效果。
16．根据“39 studies were used to rank the effect of summer vacation on student’s achievement. ”可知，空处是针对学生暑假的成就而阐述的。选项G“他们注意到，美国的暑假是学生在学习方面最大负面影响的其中一个”符合语境。故选G。
17．根据空后一句“Students may wait until the end of the vacation to do the schoolwork.”可知，空处是讲，学生在暑假里往往把暑假作业包变成最后一项活动。选项F“然而，现实情况是，完成暑假作业包往往变成最后一刻的活动”符合语境。故选F。
18．根据“Complaints against the assigned summer work packets come from both parents and teachers.”可知，家长和老师对分配的暑假作业包都有抱怨，选项A“他们的抱怨是不同的，但可以理解的。”符合语境。故选A。
19．根据“Meanwhile some teachers are not happy to begin the school year with a pile of summer assignment papers to grade”可知，一些老师们并不乐意批改这些作业，选项D“他们好心地分配了这项任务”符合语境。故选D。
20．根据“But most of these comments reflected the attitude of students who already expected additional work from their advanced level classes.”可知，这些学生有获得额外作业的需求，选项E“相比之下，有些学生看到了暑假作业的价值。”符合语境。故选E。
21．F 22．E 23．G 24．B 25．C
【导语】本文主要讲了在人生中，我们经常性地要做出决定，以及这些决定对人的影响。
21．根据“Making decisions in life can be a difficult task.”在生活中做决定可能是一项困难的任务。可知，讲述的是做出决定在生命中的重要性。故F“在你的一生中，你会做出一些影响你未来的决定”与上下文相符。故选F。
22．根据第二段中“searching for information”搜索信息，可知，我们做决定时要使用适当的数据进行分析，故E“你收集的数据可以帮助你做出决定”与上句内容相符。故选E。
23．根据空后一句“An example is your ten-year-old car breaks down and needs much money to repair.”举个例子，你那辆十年的车坏了，需要花很多钱修理。可知，本段讲述的是做决定的具体时刻，说明是什么时候要我们做出决定。故G“决策通常发生在事件、习惯和生活模式改变时。”与本段相符。故选G。
24．根据下一句“It is important to have many possible solutions (解决方法) to the situation.”有许多可能的解决方法是很重要的，可知，要多找出解决问题的方法。故B“评估两种或两种以上的解决方案。”与上句相符。故选B。
25．根据下一句“What are the results of each ”每种方法的结果是什么？可知，要考虑我们所做出的决定的结果。故C“分析每个解决方案的可能结果。”与本段相符。故选C。
26．B 27．C 28．F 29．A 30．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了筷子的产生和发展及其文化意义。
26．根据“But with chopsticks, you can solve the eating problems with just one hand”可知，此处表述有了筷子你只用一只手就可以解决吃饭的问题，故此处应是继续表述使用筷子的好处，选项B“它是方便而有效率的”符合语境。故选B。
27．通过第二段内容可知，主要介绍了大禹偶然发明筷子的传说，故此处应是段末总结句，选项C“它是关于筷子的传说之一”符合语境。故选C。
28．根据“Many people probably haven’t realized the cultural meanings of chopsticks.”可知，表述了很多人并未意识到筷子的文化意义，故此处应是承接前文表述筷子的文化意义，选项F“它们被看作中国美食文化的象征之一”符合语境。故选F。
29．根据“In Chinese culture, it shows the perfect combination (结合) yin and yang.”可知，表述了筷子代表着阴与阳的结合，即成双成对，此处应表述筷子是成对使用的，选项A“此外，筷子也被成对使用”符合语境。故选A。
30．根据“The influence of Chinese culture has stretched (延伸) far and wide. ”可知，中国的文化影响深远，故此处应是表述中国文化影响的具体表现，选项E“世界各地至少18亿人正在使用筷子”符合语境。故选E。
31．C 32．A 33．F 34．G 35．D
【导语】本文主要介绍 了对1000多名应该女性关于饮食习惯，人际关系，家庭价值观等问题的采访结果。
31．根据下文“putting on weight(52%) and losing their jobs(24%). ”和“It is followed by bringing up happy children(56%) and finding time for them-selves (52%). ”可知，下文用很多数据进行表述，是一些调查结果，据此判断，此空需要填一个总结的句子，选项C“这是一些结果”符合语境。故选C。
32．根据上文“losing their health is their greatest concern”可知，健康是她们最关心的问题。失去健康会让她们不开心，观察选项，选项A“英国女人似乎对自己的身体状况不开心”可以衔接上下文。故选A。
33．观察空格位于段首，应是一个总结句，根据下文“They want to take good care of their children, but on the other hand, they find themselves in a mess.”可知，她们想好好照顾孩子，但是工作又是一团糟，判断兼顾工作与家庭是一个巨大挑战，选项F“平衡家庭和工作是当代女性最大的挑战”符合此处需要的总结句，故选F。
34．根据“forty-nine percent of women believe that the best age to get married is between 25 and 29”可知，结婚最好的年龄是25—29岁，接下来应表述为什么，这与选项G“因为他们认为在那个年龄段能够做明智的选择”符合语境，故选G。
35．根据上文“what about the relationships between men and women ”可知，这是对男人和女人之间的关系进行提问，空格处应表述女人们对此的看法。选项D“59%的人认为父亲应对孩子承担更多的责任”符合语境故选D。
36．D 37．F 38．E 39．A 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了不同人群的最佳午休时间。
36．根据后一句“Sleeping for the right amount of time may help you maximize these advantages.”可知，适当的睡眠时间可以帮助你最大限度地发挥这些优势。由此可知此处应与午休的优势有关，D选项“午休能给你能量，振奋你的精神”符合语境，故选D。
37．根据后一句“The word is from the Latin word sexta, meaning sixth hour, so six hours after sunrise is the time to take a sleep for people to relax.”可知，这个词来自拉丁语sexta，意思是第六个小时，所以日出后六个小时是人们睡觉放松的时候。由此可知此处应与午休这个单词有关，F选项“跟随午休这个单词的起源，了解更多关于午休时间的信息”符合语境，故选F。
38．根据前一句“Here is a perfect example of a helpful power nap. If you take a long drive...”可知，这里有一个很好的例子，可以帮助你打个盹。由此可知此处应是开长途车前打盹的例子，E选项“你最好先睡20分钟再行动”符合语境，故选E。
39．根据后一句“This may offer an improved ability to remember places, names, faces.”可知，这可能会提高记住地点、名字和面孔的能力。由此可知此处应与记忆有关，A选项“因此，它有助于记忆”符合语境，故选A。
40．根据后一句“You will reach a full sleep cycle complete with rapid eye movement and dreams during a 90-minute nap.”可知，你将进入一个完整的睡眠周期，在90分钟的小睡中快速眼动并做梦。由此可知此处应与睡眠周期有关，C选项“每个周期需要90到100分钟”符合语境，故选C。
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