专题03 七下Units 1-4（知识梳理+常考易错点点归纳+强化提升练）中考英语一轮复习考点帮（江苏专用）含解析
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中考英语一轮复习考点帮
专题03七下Units 1-4
（知识梳理+常考易错点点归纳+强化提升练）
掌握1-4单元的重点单词、词组和句式以及语法，做到熟练运用。
一、词汇
1．重点单词的含义及用法：capital 首都；in the centre of … 在……的中心；hundred百；
message消息、音信； like doing 喜欢做某事（习惯）；do some shopping “买东西”；all over the world
“全世界”；look forward to期望，盼望；prepare for……为……做准备；plenty of大量的；
lie--lay--lain 躺，放置；be happy to do sth开心做某事
2．易混词辨析：be full of “充满”=be filled with；invite sb． to do sth．邀请某人做某事；sick与ill的区分；
be ready to do sth 乐于做某事 = be glad/willing to do sth ．；help sb with sth = help sb (to) do sth
帮助某人解决某种困难；be famous for．．．． “以．．．．．．．而著名”与be famous as．．．． “作为．．．．．．而出名”的区分；
take 与 bring的区分；far away from …．表示“离…远”；四个“花费”区分； none与no one区分；
方位介词in/on/to区分；remember to do sth与remember doing sth的区分
二、句型
1． would like sb． to do sth．“想要某人做某事”
2． ask sb． to do sth．“让某人做某事”，否定形式为ask sb． not to do sth．“让某人不要做某事”。
3． I love to sit there and look out at the beach and the sea．
4． I’m afraid they won’t welcome visitors like you．
5． There’s something wrong with my computer．
6．There are lots of things to do in Sunshine Town．在阳光城有好多事情可以做。
7．take the +序数词+turning/crossing on the left/right．=turn left/right at the+序数词+turning/crossing
在第几个拐弯处/交叉路口向左/右拐。
8．How can I get to some place？到某地的方式是什么？
三、重点语法
Unit1 Unit2 Unit3 Unit4
基数词、序数词 一般将来时 ①名词所有格 ②形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词 ①冠词a/an/the ②方位介词
基数词变成序数词的规则 基数词和序数词的用法 一般将来时的概念 一般将来时的用法 一般将来时的标志词 名词所有格的三种形式 形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之间的转换 冠词a/an/the的各自用法 方位介词之间的辨析
Unit 1重点词汇和句型
1．next to 紧邻，在……近旁
2．the capital of … ……的首都
3．in the centre of … 在……的中心
4．share
share 动词，意为“合用，分享”。
share sth with sb意为“与某人合用/分享某物”。
5．own
（1）own形容词，意为“自己的”，常与形容词性物主代词连用。“one’s own…”意为“某人自己的……”。
own还可以作动词，表示“拥有”，相当于have。
owner 是own的名词形式，意为“主人，拥有者”。
（2）own常用的搭配还有：
1）of one’s own 意为“属于某人自己的，自己独有的”。
例如：He has a room of his own．他有属于他自己的房间。
2）on one’s own 意为“单独，独自”。
例如：You can’t expect him on his own．你不能期望他独自一个人做那件事。
6．hundred
hundred是数词，意为“百”，当表示具体的“几百”时，用“基数词 + hundred”，注意不加-s。
【拓展】
（1）hundreds of 表示“数百，成百上千的”，这时hundred后要加-s,且后面有介词of,但是不能与数词连用
（2）表示数词的还有thousand“千”，million“百万”，billion“十亿”。它们的用法和hundred一样，可以用来表示约数和确数。
7．over
（1）over 为介词，有“超过，多于”的含义，相当于more than。
（2）over作介词还可以表示“在……上方”。
（3）over作副词，表示“完了，结束”。常作表语。
（4）常见的over构成的短语有：
go over 检查 all over 遍及，整个 over and over 反复 over there 在那边
8．be full of
be full of意为“充满”，相当于be filled with。
9． message 可数名词，意为“消息，音信”。
“take a message”意为“传个话，捎个口信”，“leave a message”意为“留言”。
10． I’d like to live next to a restaurant．
（1）“I’d like to”是“I would like to”的缩写，would意为“想”，是情态动词，常与like连用。在英语中“would like”是一个常用的结构，意为“想，愿意”，用来表示主语的意愿。“would like sth．/to do sth．”意为“想要某物/做某事”，表示“想要做某事”时，可以和“sb． want to do sth． ”替换，但是“would you like．．．”的语气要更加的委婉。
（2）would like sb． to do sth．“想要某人做某事”
（3）这样的句式变成一般疑问句时，把would提前，意为“想要做……吗？”；变成否定句时，在would的后面加not，意为“不想做……”。
例如：Would you like to show me your new camera 你愿意把你的新照相机给我看看吗？
11． I always have fun with my dog there．
fun为不可数名词，意为“娱乐，乐趣”，可用much；lots of；a lot of等修饰。have fun意为“玩得高兴，有趣”，相当于have a good time或enjoy oneself，其后接可接“doing sth．或with sth．”。
【拓展】fun的形容词为funny，意为“有趣的，可笑的”。
12． Can you ask him to call me back
（1）ask sb． to do sth．“让某人做某事”，其否定形式为ask sb． not to do sth．“让某人不要做某事”。
ask sb． sth． “问某事某事”；“ask for sth．”意为“请求某事，要某物”，相当于“want sth．”。
（3）ask sb． for sth．“向某人要某物”。
13． I would like to invite my friends to watch films with me at the weekend．
本句中的invite是及物动词，意为“邀请”，常用于下列结构：
（1）invite sb．邀请某人
（2）invite sb． to some place邀请某人去某地
（3）invite sb． to (have) dinner邀请某人吃饭
（4）invite sb． to do sth．邀请某人做某事
14． I love to sit there and look out at the beach and the sea．
（1）look out at 在本句中意为“向外看”“眺望外面”，由look out 和look at两个短语合并而成。
（2）look out 除了有“向外看”的意思以外，还可表示“查出，找出，注意，当心”等意。
(3 ) 与look组成的短语：
look after 照顾，照料 look ahead 向前看，着眼将来
look back 回顾，回想 look down upon看不起，藐视
look for 寻找 look forward to 期盼，希望
（2023·江苏连云港·中考真题）48． About 100 ________ (百万) people used ChatGPT in the first two months．
（2023·江苏苏州·中考真题）36．Although I’ve met her only once or t__________, I can tell that she has a strong personality．
（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）49．If this __________ (go) on, the wild animals will soon have nowhere to live．
（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）52．There ________ (be) at least six underground lines in Wuxi in five years’ time．
（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）52．My uncle lives in a town ________ kilometers from Yangzhou． (十五)
1． Thank you for___________ (invite) me to your birthday party．
2． This is my ___ (two) day in Shanghai． I still need to stay here for ten more days because the work needs 30 days．
3． December is the ________ (12) month of a year．
4． _________ (thousand) of people will watch the basketball match tomorrow ．
5． Students give their best ________ (wish) to their teachers on _____________(teacher) Day
6． There are a few _______________ (video) shops on both sides of the street．
7． Red Square is in Moscow, the (首都）of Russia．
Unit2重点词汇和句型
1．like 像，相似，类似
(1) like用作介词，指某人或某物“像，相似，类似”。常用的固定搭配有：
be like …像…样子；look like …看起来像；
(2) like 也可以用作动词，表示“喜欢”之意，常用的固定搭配：
like doing 喜欢做某事（习惯）
like to do sth 喜欢做某事（具体的事）
2． something 代词某事，某物 somebody 代词某人 anyone 代词任何人
3． fire n．火
fire用作不可数名词，意为“火”，常用
固定搭配： be on fire“着火了” catch/take fire“着火了” make a fire“生火”
sick adj．生病的，恶心的
5．I’m afraid they won’t welcome visitors like you．
解析： I’m afraid 用于礼貌或正式的道歉、对不起、恐怕等，一般做插入语。
I’m afraid not 恐怕不行，表示认为对方的意见可能不会发生，是委婉的否定。
拓展: (1)害怕某人/某事be afraid of sb/sth
(2)害怕干某事be afraid to do sth/be afraid of doing sth
(3)恐怕/害怕．．．be afraid that从句
6． They help us with all kinds of problems．
help sb with sth = help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人解决某种困难
helpful 形容词，意为“有用的，愿意帮忙的”，反义词为helpless“无用的，没有帮助的”。
7． There’s something wrong with my computer．
There’s something wrong with ．．．．表示“某物坏了，有毛病了”
=Something is wrong with ．．．．
=．．．．．is broken．
=．．．．doesn’t work．
8． Some colleges students are ready to help．
be ready to do sth 乐于做某事 = be glad/willing to do sth ．
be /get ready for sth 为……．．做好准备。
9． Some of them often visit the old people and do some shopping for them．
do some shopping 动词短语，意为“买东西”，为固定结构，类似短语：
do some cleaning 打扫卫生 do some reading 读些书
do some washing 洗衣服
10． You’re lucky to live in a community center like that Simon．
固定搭配：a lucky dog 幸运儿
（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）2．—Look at the boy on the right． What’s he doing
—He’s ________．
A．doing some cleaning B．washing the dishes
C．doing some shopping D．washing the clothes
（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）38．In the folk story, the amazing white snake is ________ (lucky) saved by a young man．
---I live on the third floor, How about you, May
---On the fifth floor． ---Oh, I live two floors ______ you ．
A． under B． below C． over D．above
2． ---What does Mr Smith do every day
---He sends lots of letters to people． he is a busy______．
A． doctor B． policeman C． cook D．postman
3． Mike is a ________ boy． He always helps his classmates with their homework．
A． helpful B． beautiful C． sick D．lucky
4． ---How does you mother go to work --- ________．
A． By foot B． By a bus C． By bus D． In a bike
5． ---There is ______ wrong with my car． Can you take me to Shanghai
---No problem．
A． everything B． something C． nothing D．anything
Unit3重点词汇和句型
1．be quiet “安静”； keep quiet “保持安静”
2．famous “著名的，出名的”
be famous for．．．． “以．．．．．．．而著名 China is famous for the Great Wall．
be famous as．．．． “作为．．．．．．而出名 Li Ming is famous as a singer．
miss “错过”
miss sth/ doing sth错过做某事
all over the world “全世界”
5． I would like to take the boys to our school’s football field．我想要把这些男孩带到我们学校的足球场去。
take sb to sp ．意为“带某人到某地去”。动词take 表示“引领，带领”之意。
辨析：take 与 bring
①take 意为带走，表示从说话人这儿把东西待到其他地方
②bring 意为带来，表示把东西从其他地方带到说话人这儿
6． There are lots of things to do in Sunshine Town．在阳光城有好多事情可以做。
句中to do 是动词不定式，用作后置定语（动词不定式用作定语必须后置），修饰前面的名词，表示要做的事。
例: Eddie has no food to eat。埃迪没有吃的了。
to do/ doing/do
to do do doing
1． plan to do 2． invite sb to do 3． want to do 4． would like to do 5． have sth to do 6．there be sth to do 1． make sb do 2． let sb do (let’s do) 3． why not do =why don’t you do 1．enjoy doing 2．What about doing =how about doing 3．look forward to doing 4． miss doing 5． spend…doing
7．far away from …．表示“离…远”；可以与连系动词连用，也可以与行为动词连用。
8．四个“花费”
It takes sb 时间to do
Sth cost sb 金钱
Sb spend时间/金钱doing sth/ on sth
Sb pay金钱for sth
9．look forward to 是一个固定短语，意为“期盼，盼望”。to 是介词，后接名词、代词和v+-ing形式，不能跟动词原形。
10．show sb around 意为“带领某人参观”
11．none/no one
基本含义 用法辨析
none “没有一个” 可指人,也可指物。单独使用时常用于回答“How many… 或How much… ”的句型,后常接of短语,构成完全否定的句型：①None of +the+可数名词复数+单数/复数动词+… ②None of + the+不可数名词复数+单数动词+…
no one “没有人” 可指人,不可指物,语气比none强。一般不接of短语, 通常用来回答“Who… ”的句型。作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
12．Neil’s mother is calling him from the UK．
从某地给某人打电话: call sb from sth
（2023·江苏苏州·中考真题）38．We all look f__________ to the day when scientists discover more secrets of outer space．
（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）9．Mum opened the door ________ because she didn’t want to wake up her baby．
A．angrily B．loudly C．quickly D．quietly
( ) 1． _______is difficult if you put your heart in it．
A． Nothing B． Everything C． Nobody D． No one
( )2． Why ______ our local theatre with us tonight
A． visit B． you visit C． not visit D．you don’t visit
( )3． Don’t worry． We can _______ you ______ the bus stop．
A．Bring; to B． take; in C． take; to D．take; at
( )4． _____ she isn’t at home． She _______ go to Shanghai．
A．May; maybe B． Maybe; maybe C． Maybe; may D． May; may
( )5． –Do you like them all
--________． I don’t like the red one．
A． Of course B． Of course not C． Not at all D． That’s right
( ) 6． There isn’t _______ in the fridge now． Let’s go and buy some now．
A．enough milk B． milk enough C． apples enough D．enough apples
Unit4重点词汇和句型
1． north n 北，北方 west n 西，西方
south n 南，南方 east n 东，东方
方位词north，north，south，east “东、南、西、北”，用作名词表示方位时，常用两种方式。
(1)表示方位的名词+of+地点：
(2) 介词+the+表示方位的名词+of +地点
表示两者接壤时，用介词 on
表示两者不接壤时，用介词 to
表示包括在内部，用介词 in
2．．remember 记得，记住。用作及物动词，
remember to do sth “记住要做某事”，指事情还没做，记住要做；
remember doing sth “记住做过某事”，指事情做过了，还记得。
3．laugh at…意为“嘲笑．．．．．．”
4．take the +序数词+turning/crossing on the left/right．=turn left/right at the+序数词+turning/crossing
在第几个拐弯处/交叉路口向左/右拐。
5． prepare vt．准备
固定搭配：prepare for……为……做准备
prepare ……for……为……做准备
prepare to do sth 准备做某事
6．plenty 大量，充足
固定搭配：plenty of = a lot of 大量的，足够的即可以修饰可数名词也可以修饰不可数名词。
7． They like to eat bamboo and lie down all day long．他们喜欢吃竹子，而且整天躺着。
lie--lay--lain 躺，放置
lie--lied--lied 撒谎
lay--laid--laid 产卵，下蛋
巧记lie的lay的口诀： 规则撒谎，不规则躺；躺过下蛋，下蛋不规则
How can I get there
How can I get to some place 是询问到某地的方式是什么，是由对方提问的一种方式。
问路方式：Can you show me the way to …
Can you tell me how to get to …
Can you tell me how I can get to …
How can I get there How can I get to …
Where's …
Which is the way to …
Is there a … near here
指路方式：Go/Walk along the road, take the first turning on the left/right．
Go/Walk along the street, turn left/right at the first crossing．
Cross the road at the traffic lights．
9． I’m happy to invite you to 我很高兴邀请你…
本句所用的句型是be happy to do sth 高兴做某事。
（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）4．A new bridge was built ________ the Yellow River last year．
A．around B．across C．against D．along
（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）3．Dance is not just a form of art, but also a language which tells stories ________ body．
A．towards B．over C．past D．through
( ) 1． There is ______ “u” and ___________ “l” in the word “umbrella”．
A． a, a B． an, an C． a, an D．an, a
( ) 2． The bus stopped ______ the traffic lights．
A． for B． on C． at D．in
( ) 3． No buses come past here ． He has to _______there _______ his bicycle．
A． go to, by B． go, by C． go to , on D． go , on
( ) 4． _______ the second turning on the right．
A． Take B． Turn C． Walk D． Go
( ) 5． Would you like _______ a cup of tea
A． drink B． to drink C． drinking D．to drinking
( ) 6．It my mother half an hour to the shopping mall．
A． spends; walking B．takes; to walk
C． spends; to walk D．takes; walking
( ) 7．We are looking forward ________ a film next week．
A． to see B． to seeing C． for seeing D．seeing
( ) 8．There _ a fashion show in Sunshine Secondary School next Friday evening．
A． is going to B． will have C． is going to have D．will be
( ) 9．You can get there _______ ．
A． by underground B．take underground
C． by an underground D．take an underground
( ) 10．I don’t like this shirt． Would you please show me _______ one
A． other B． the other C． the others D．another
( ) 11．Could you tell me ________ Sunshine Shopping Mall
A． the way of B． how to go C． the way to D．how go to
( ) 12． Why _______ at home and watch TV
A． don’t stay B． not staying C． don’t you stay D．not to stay
( ) 13． There’s _______ juice in the kitchen． Please go and buy some．
A． a little B． few C． much D．little
Unit1-4语法分析
一、基数词和序数词
数词的分类：
（1）基数词：表示数目多少的数词叫基数词，如 one, five, ten, thirty, sixty-five 等。
（2）序数词：表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词，如 first, sixth, tenth, twenty-first 等。
数词的用法：
（1）序数词前通常要用定冠词，但当序数词前有形容词性物主代词时，通常省略其前的定冠词。
例：Today is my father’s fortieth birthday．
批注：有时序数词前不用定冠词，而用不定冠词，表示次第在原有基础上的增加。
例：We’ll have to do it a second time．我们得再做一次。
（2）时刻的表示：小时，分钟，秒钟都用基数词表示，例如：five o'clock, seven thirty, two to eight等。
（3）年，月，日的表示：年份用基数词，日用序数词。例如：in 1999，五月八号写作 May the eighth
批注：表示在几世纪这个概念时，用序数词。例如：在21世纪写作 in the twenty-first century．
（4）在分数的表达，分子须用基数词,分母用序数词。分子如是1以上的基数词,分母须用复数形式。
如1/3写作a/one third，3/4写作three fourths。
（5）编号的表示：基数词放到名词的后面，前面的名词要大写；序数词放在名词的前面，要加定冠词。
例如：Lesson 1，the first lesson．
数词的构成：
（1）基数词的构成
1） 1-20表达英语中有相对应的单词，两位数的表达方法为整数加个位数组成，如twenty-one;三位数如one hundred and twenty-one, 百位和十位之间加and，后面两位数要加连字符，四位以上只有在百位和十位之间加and，如1134 one thousand, one hundred and thirty-four。
批注：英语中没有万，千万，亿等单位，如果需要表示万的话用thousand计算, 如1,4283 fourteen thousand two hundred and eighty-three；如果需要表示千万和亿的话用million计算，如2,1824,5200 two hundred and eighteen million two hundred and forty-five thousand and two hundred。
2）用作基数词单位的 hundred, thousand, million, billion 不带复数词尾-s，但若用于表示数百、数千、数百万这样的泛指，则用复数。
例：About two thousand people died in the earthquake．大约有两千人在地震中丧生。
Thousands of people go to the seaside every year．每年成千上万的人到海滨去。
3）表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。
例：He is in his early twenties．他才二十出头。
This took place in the 1930s．这事发生在20世纪30年代。
批注：数词和名词，形容词连用时有连字符和没有连字符在句中的位置是有区别的，例如five-year-old和five years old．有连字符的在句中做定语，修饰后面的名词；无连字符的在句中做表语，放在系动词后面。
例：The five-year-old boy can dress himself．那个5岁的孩子自己能穿衣服了。
My son is a five-year-old boy．我的儿子是一个五岁的男孩。
（2）序数词的构成
1）许多序数词是由相应的基数词后加词尾-th构成的，如four / fourth，sixteen / sixteenth；twentieth, thirtieth,
fortieth 等表示整十的序数词，由相应的基数词将词尾y改为ie，再加-th 构成。
2）几个常考的不规则变化序数词需注意：ninth，twelfth，fortieth，ninetieth等。
3）非整十的多位数，将个位数变成序数词即可：twenty-first(第21)，thirty-sixth(第36)，ninety-ninth(第99)，three hundred and sixty-fifth(第365)等。
二、一般将来时
基本用法：
（1）will/shall + do sth．
1) 客观必然会发生的事情
2) 临时决定要去做的事情
(2) be going to do sth．
1) 有迹象表明要发生的事情
2) 计划好要去做的事情
3) there be 的将来时结构：there will be/ be going to be
时间状语：
含有tomorrow（如tomorrow，the day after tomorrow，tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening），含有next（如next day/month/year．．．），soon，in+一段时间，in+将来的年份（如in 2019），tonight，this afternoon/evening（注：this morning用于过去时）
注意点：
1）go, come, leave, arrive用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。
2）在含有条件状语从句或时间状语从句的复合句中，主将从现。
3）There be与将来时的结合：there will be或者是there is/are going to be
4）有迹象、征兆的用be going to do，不能用will do
三、名词所有格
(1) ’s所有格用法
① 表示有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加's,其复数形式是s'，例如：a student's room, students' rooms
② 如其结尾不是s的复数形式仍加 's，如：Children's Day（儿童节）。
③ 在表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用's，例如：twenty minutes' walk（二十分钟的步行），ten miles' journey（十英里的旅程），two pounds' weight（两英镑的重量）。
【注意】
① 如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's，则表示“分别有”，例如：John's and Mary's rooms（约翰和玛丽各有一间，共两间）；Tom's and Mary's bikes（两人各自的自行车）。
② 两个名词并列，只有一个's，则表示“共有”，例如：John and Mary's room（约翰和玛丽共有一间）；Tom and Mary's mother（即Tom与Mary是兄妹）。
(2) of所有格
无生命名词的所有格则必须用“名词+of+名词”结构，例如：a map of China（一张中国地图），the end of this term（这个学期末），the capital of our country（我们国家的首都）, the color of the flowers（这些花的颜色）。
(3) 双重所有格
双重所有格的结构：a/this//…+名词(单数) +of+名词所有格
【注意】
① “of＋名词所有格”中的名词必须表示人，不能表示事物。因此，我们可以说：a friend of my father’s（我父亲的一个朋友），但却不能说a leg of a table’s，而且该名词必须是特指的，不能是泛指的。比如我们可以说，a friend of the doctor’s（这位医生的一个朋友），而不能说a friend of a doctor’s。
② one of my brother’s friends（明确表示我兄弟有一个以上的朋友）
a friend of my brother’s（暗示我兄弟有一个以上的朋友） a friend of my brother（对我兄弟有好感的人）
my brother’s friend（我兄弟唯一的一个朋友或刚谈及的那一个朋友）
四、形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词
(
人
称
数
性
) 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数
形容词性 my our your your his/her/its their
名词性 mine ours yours yours his/hers/its theirs
五、冠词a/an/the
(1) 不定冠词的用法
a．用在单数名词之前，表示某一类人或事物。例如：John is a student． Mary is an English teacher．
b．指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或和物。例如：A student wants to see you． A girl is waiting for you outside．
(2) 定冠词用法
a．特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。例如：The book on the desk is an English dictionary．
b．指说话人和听话人都熟悉的人或事物。例如：Open the door, please．
c．上文提到过的人或事物。例如：Yesterday John’s father bought him a new bike． The bike cost him 200 yuan．
d．表示世界上独一无二的事物。例如：The sun rises in the east and sets in the west．
e．用在序数词和形容词最高级之前。例如：Shanghai is the biggest city in China．
f．用在某些形容词之前，表示某一类人或事物。例如：The nurse is kind to the sick．
g．用在姓氏复数之前，表示“某某一家人”，“某某夫妇”。例如： the Browns, the whites等。
(3) 不用冠词的情况
a．某些专有名词，抽象名词和物质名词前一般不用冠词。
b．名词前已有作定语用的this, that, my, your, whose, some, any, no, each, every等代词时，不用冠词。例如：I have some questions．
复数名词表示一类人或事物时，不用冠词。They are workers．
六、方位介词
介词 用法说明 例句
in 表示在某一地区之内的某方位，属于该范围。 Fujian is in the southeast of China． 福建位于中国的东南部。
to 表示在某一地区之外的某方位，不属于该范围。 Taiwan lies to the east of Fujian． 台湾在福建的东面。
on 表示与某地毗邻 Mongolia is on the north of China． 蒙古位于中国的北部。
几个表示“在……．．上面/下面”的介词区别：
①over/under表示“在……．的正上方/正下方”
例句：There are many bikes under the trees．树下有许多自行车。
They will build a new bridge over the river in front of my house．
②above/below表示“在．．．．．．．．．．．上方/下方或温度、楼层高于/低于………”，不一定有垂直高于/低于之意。
例句：The coat reaches below the knees．这件外套到了膝盖下面。
Nick lives on the fourth floor． I live two floors above him, I live on the sixth floor．
in和on表示“在………．之上 ”的区别：
in或on与tree搭配
in the tree 表示人或其他事物“在树上”；
on the tree 表示树、枝、叶、果等“长在树上”
例句：Look! Some birds are singing in the tree．看！一些鸟在树上唱歌。(鸟不属于树的一部分)
There are many apples on the tree．树上结了许多苹果。（苹果属于树的一部分）
in或on与wall搭配
in the wall 表示门、窗等嵌“在墙上”；
on the wall 表示东西张贴或挂“在墙上”
例句：There is a hole in the wall．墙上有个洞。(洞是嵌在墙上)
The teacher asked me to put up the map on the wall of the classroom．
老师让我把地图贴在教室的墙上。(地图是贴在墙上的)
几个表示“过”的介词区别：
①across表示横过，即从物体表面通过，从物体的一边到另一边的移动，与on有关，为二维；
②through表示穿过，即从物体内部穿过，与in有关，为三维；
③past意为从物体的旁边经过，或通过某个界限；
④over指从物体的悬空上方移过。
(1)Can you swim across the river
(2)The road runs through the forest．
(3)Go across the bridge, you’ll find a cinema．
(4)Many birds are flying over our building．
between 和among的区别：
between
①在……．两者之间
例句：Mary sits between Lucy and Lily．玛丽坐在露西和莉莉的中间。
②也用于把三者或三者以上的人或事物分别看待，指每两者之间
例如：You shouldn’t eat between meals．你不应该在两餐之间吃东西。
among
在……．三者或三者以上的人或事物之间
例句：Mrs． Wang stands among her students．王老师站在她的学生中间。
by, in, on 表示旅行方式的区别：
by
①用于表示交通工具的名词前，名词的前面不要有任何的冠词或者任何的修饰语。
例如：by bus坐公交 by train坐火车 by car 坐汽车
②还用于不涉及交通工具的名词前面
例如：by air 坐飞机 by sea 坐轮船
in 用在封闭型交通工具前,并且前面有冠词a
例如：in a car 坐汽车
on 用在开放或半开放型交通工具前，并且前面有定冠词the 或者物主代词
例如：on my bike 坐自行车
一、单项选择
( )1．I can’t play _____ violin,but I can play_____ volleyball very well．
A．the; the B．the; / C．/; the D．/; /
( )2---Jack,is there ______ in today’s newspaper
---No,nothing．
A．anything important B．something important
C．important anything D．important something
( )3．_____ important information card it is! It’s easy to use．
A．What a B．How C．What an D．What
( )4．___________TV do you watch every week About two hours．
A How much B How long C How often D How many hours
( )5． ---When will you __________ I’ll meet you at the airport．
---The plane took off late． I think I’ll __________ Shanghai at 5p．m．
A． get to; arrive in B．arrive in; arrive in
C． arrive ; get to D．get to; arrive at
( )6． Don’t make Tom ____ the work alone because he isn’t ______ ．
A．to do; old enough B．to do; enough old C．do; old enough D．do; enough old
( )7． — Excuse me, sir． I’m afraid you can’t smoke here． This is non-smoking area．
—Oh, sorry． I _______ the sign．I _____do it again．
A． don’t see ,don’t B． didn’t see ,won’t C． didn’t saw ,will D．saw,won’t
( )8． There _____a basketball game between Class 8 and Class 12 tomorrow, isn’t there
A． is B will be C．will have D is going to be
( )9． Do you like sleeping with the windows ________
A． open B． opened C． closing D．close
( )10． Excuse me, I’m new here． Would you please _____ the nearest bus stop
A． to show me the way to B．to show me the way of
C． show me how can I get to D．show me how to get to
( )11． Walk ______ the white building and ______ the street． You won’t miss it．
A． pass; cross B． past; cross C． pass; across D．past; across
( )12． I think coffee tastes good, but not _____ likes drinking it．
A． someone B． anyone C． no one D．everyone
( )13 --- Is this _____ fork --- No, it’s _______． ______ is over there．
A． your; her; Mine B． your; hers; Mine C． yours; hers; My D．yours; hers; Mine
( )14 Ms． White is looking after her _____ son these days． Luckily, he’s _____ now．
A． sick; better B． ill; better C． sick; bad D．ill; well
( )15． — Excuse me，could you give me a hand to move these boxes away
— _____ ．
A．No problem． B．Thank you ． C． Yes, please． D． Not at all．
二、句型转换
1． All of us like the house at the foot of the hill．(对划线部分提问)
____ ____ do all of you like
2． The girl in red is Lily．（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ is Lily
3． How much is your ruler？（保持句意基本不变）
How much___________ your ruler___________
4．Our school life is colourful and interesting．(对画线部分提问）
_______your school life_______
5．We will turn off the lights in half an hour．(对画线部分提问）
_______ _______ will you turn off the lights
6．Mr． and Mrs． Brown go shopping together twice a week．（对画线部分提问）
_______ ______do Mr． and Mrs． Brown go shopping together
It took us three hours to finish the work．(对划线部分提问）
_____ _____ did it take you to finish the work
8． Lucy exercises to keep fit every day．（对划线部分提问）
_____ ____ Lucy exercise every day？
9． Tom likes to sleep with the window open at night．（对划线部分提问）
______does Tom ______to sleep at night？
一、单项选择(共10小题：每小题1分, 满分10分)
1．Jim has been so quiet the whole afternoon． There ________ be something on his mind．
A．can B．need C．must D．should
2．—Sorry, Mum! I didn’t pass the interview．
—Never mind, dear． But you have gained ________ experience．
A．possible B．enjoyable C．valuable D．comfortable
3．—Are you sure you are going to teach in Yunnan ________ is it from Yunnan to Beijing
—Just a four-hour flight． Don’t worry． Distance is not a problem now．
A．How long B．How far C．How soon D．How often
4．— What a poor man! Did you help him with some money
—Yes, but he refused． His ________ didn’t allow him to accept charity．
A．product B．pride C．power D．possibility
5．— There are so many people here． It’s too noisy．
— That’s true． Why not go ________ a bit more private instead
A．to somewhere B．somewhere C．to anywhere D．anywhere
6．—Macron’s recent three-day trip to China ________ to be a great success．
—I couldn’t agree more． It is helpful to promote world peace and development．
A．breaks out B．turns out C．puts out D．takes out
7．—Can I watch the basketball final to have a relax, Mum
— Of course． But it ________ for quite a while．
A．has ended B．has been over C．ended D．was over
8．—I hear we’ll take a trip to Tianmu Lake next Friday．
—Great! But I wonder ________．
A．that how we will go there B．what will the weather be like
C．what time we will start D．if or not we can take a mobile phone
9．—What a pity! I haven’t got a new mobile phone． They have been sold out．
—This shows how people are ________ by advertisements．
A．supported B．influenced C．improved D．suggested
10．—I hope you won’t mind a little friendly advice．
—________． A true friend is the one who tells you the truth about yourself．
A．Not at all B．With pleasure C．You’re welcome D．My pleasure
二、完形填空(共12小题；每小题1分, 满分12分)
One day, a fox was caught in a trap by the tail． After much ____11____ pulling, he succeeded in ____12____． But he had to leave his beautiful bushy tail behind him．
For a long time, he kept away from the other foxes． He knew well enough that they would all make fun of him and laugh ____13____ his back． But it was ____14____ for him to live alone． At last, he thought of a plan that would perhaps help him out of his trouble．
He called a meeting of all the foxes． “I have got something of great importance to tell you,” he said．
When the foxes were all ____15____ together, the fox without a tail got up． As he slowly walked around, he asked the other foxes． “Do you know how many foxes have come to ____16____ because of their tails ”
He followed this question with a ____17____ speech about all those “sad foxes”． This one had been caught by hounds (猎犬) when his tail had become caught in the hedge (树篱)． That one had no been able to run fast enough because of the weight of his tail．____18____, it was well known, he said that men hunt foxes ____19____ for their tails． Men,” he continued, “cut off the tails as prizes of the hunt． Look at such proof (证据) of the _____20_____ and uselessness of having a tail,” said Master Fox． “I would advise every one of you to cut it off, if you valued (珍视) your life and _____21_____．”
After he had finished saying so much, an old fox arose． With a smile on his face, he said, “Master Fox, kindly turn around for a moment, and you shall have your answer．”
When the poor fox without a tail turned around, there arose a storm of laughter and hooting (哄笑)． He now knew it was not _____22_____ to try any longer to persuade (劝说) the foxes to give up their tails．
11． A．excited B．painful C．worried D．unhappy
12． A．getting away B．getting up C．getting back D．getting through
13． A．around B．before C．behind D．from
14． A．easy B．wise C．hard D．mad
15． A．found B．gathered C．went D．followed
16． A．live B．harm C．respect D．laugh
17． A．short B．long C．exciting D．common
18． A．However B．Otherwise C．Also D．Recently
19． A．simply B．certainly C．hardly D．properly
20． A．advantage B．beauty C．danger D．value
21． A．safety B．tail C．friends D．thought
22． A．meaningless B．wrong C．useful D．hard
二、完形填空（共12小题；每小题1分，满分12分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Last year in early summer, I was walking up the hill to my house when I saw two birds, each about 60 centimetres tall, standing on the path． They didn’t seem to ___11___ me until I was right in front of them and then they at once moved quickly into the bushes．
I was quite excited by the idea of two birds making a nest (巢) in my front yard, although I didn’t really expect them to ___12___ wild birds don’t usually nest so close．
A few weeks later, the birds ___13___ again． I found them crouching beside a tree off to the side of the path． As I moved nearer to them, I ___14___ that they would run away like they did last time． But instead they stuck out their heads and made a threatening (威胁的) croaking (呱呱叫) sound． It seemed to warn me not to go any ___15___．
I didn’t know why they were croaking at me until a short time later I made an amazing ___16___: they had two small baby birds．
As I moved quietly towards the birds, ___17___ not to make any sudden movements, they started their croaking again． They straightened their necks forward so they seemed ___18___ and more threatening． The mother carefully crouched down over the chicks, and ___19___ her babies well in her feathers．
I was watching them with ____20____ when I suddenly tripped and fell to the ground． The birds took this as a threat and the father raced towards me, ____21____ his wings to protect the mother and the chicks while making himself appear larger．
I was ____22____ to have surprised them and left quickly． I was amazed by their fearless actions． Their parental natural ability kicked in and made them so courageous． It is hard not to respect nature．
11． A．notice B．welcome C．follow D．believe
12． A．when B．until C．because D．while
13． A．fought B．flew C．screamed D．appeared
14． A．explained B．imagined C．confirmed D．remembered
15． A．nearer B．faster C．earlier D．deeper
16． A．discovery B．contribution C．achievement D．agreement
17． A．patient B．curious C．careful D．polite
18． A．wider B．longer C．weaker D．smaller
19． A．pulled B．shook C．touched D．hid
20． A．trust B．courage C．confidence D．respect
21． A．shutting B．spreading C．controlling D．breaking
22． A．angry B．happy C．sorry D．proud
三、阅读理解（共14小题；每小题2分，满分28分）
阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
CAPTION COMPETITION Come up with the funniest caption (文字说明) for the following photo and you could win $100． To enter, email asiaeditor@readersdigest．com．au Or see details below Email: asiaeditor@readersdigest．com．au Write: Reader’s Digest Asia, Editorial Department, Singapore Post Centre, PO Box 272, Singapore, 914010 Online: rdasia．com/contribute Below is last month’s caption competition: For last month’s competition, we got the following interesting captions: 1． What a shark-ing sight! By Jessica Cheng Hui Min 2． Just out for a quick bite． By Chris Ramos 3． I think that red car might be lost． It just keeps circling． By Adam Williams 4． Car pooling! By Sukhdeep Singh The winner of last month’s was Chris Ramos． Congratulations (祝贺)!
Besides caption competition, we also need some other ideas for the following: Laughs & Jokes $50—$100 for each winner Send in your real-life laugh for Life’s Like That or All In A Day’s Work． Got a joke Send it in for Laughter Is The Best Medicine! Smart Animals Up to $100 for each winner Share articles of special pets or wildlife in up to 300 words． My Story $250 for each winner Do you have an encouraging story to tell Articles must be true, unpublished and 800—1000 words．
23．Which caption of last month’s was considered the funniest
A．What a shark-ing sight!
B．Just out for a quick bite．
C．I think that red car might be lost． It just keeps circling．
D．Car pooling!
24．Which of the following will win the most money if it is chosen
A．A funny caption． B．A real-life laugh or joke．
C．An article about smart pets or wildlife． D．A true and encouraging story．
25．Where can we read the text
A．On a business website． B．In a magazine．
C．In a textbook． D．In a travel guide．
B
Sending astronauts to Mars is a big challenge． Astronauts will have to take everything they need, including food, air and water． The room inside the spaceship is too limited to hold many things． So packing a spaceship is a huge challenge for a trip to Mars．
Six astronauts on an eight-month trip to Mars will need at least 18,000 kilograms of water for drinking and washing． They’ll also need water to protect themselves from space rays which can pass right through spaceship walls and harm astronauts’ living cells． But a layer of water placed around the ship can stop the harm．
That’s a lot of water． And sending water into space is too expensive． It costs $33,000 to send one cup of water to Mars． The more you take, the more it costs． We have the technology to get to Mars, but the problem is that it’s too expensive．
But Flynn an engineer at NASA, thinks he has a way of solving the problem． Instead of building a heavy spaceship and packing it full of stuff (物料), why not use the stuff as part of the spaceship
Imagine a spaceship that blows up like a balloon． Inside the walls have pockets like a big honeycomb (蜂巢)． These hold lots of plastic bags filled with water, dried food and algae (水藻)． All these make hard walls and great radiation (辐射) protection． And stopping radiation doesn’t influence the food or water itself—it’s safe to eat and drink． And what if the same water could be reused again and again Flynn and his team call their packed-pocket idea Water Walls．
Making oxygen and taking away CO2—the waste gas you breathe out—is another problem in space． “Water Walls will take away CO2 the same way it’s done here on our Earth—with living plants,” Flynn says． Living plants take in CO2 to make their food, and give off oxygen． “Plants are hard to grow in a spacecraft, so we use algae,” he says．
Algae are tiny plants that live in water． The algae will live in bags in the walls too, fed by human waste and sunlight, eating up CO2 and making oxygen for the astronauts to breathe．
Flynn thinks his onboard recycling system has many advantages． He hopes it will help make flying to Mars a reality very soon．
26．What does the underlined phrase “packing a spaceship” in paragraph 1 most probably mean
A．repairing things in a spaceship B．recycling things in a spaceship
C．checking things in a spaceship D．putting things into a spaceship
27．What is the advantage of Flynn’s system
A．Cost is saved． B．Travelling time is saved．
C．Plastic bags are saved． D．Food is saved．
28．What is one purpose of Flynn’s idea of Water Walls
A．To prevent space rays during the space trip． B．To make the whole spaceship stronger．
C．To control the temperature in the spaceship． D．To produce water in the spaceship．
29．Why are algae put in the plastic bags
A．To prevent water from being polluted． B．To serve as food for astronauts．
C．To provide oxygen for astronauts． D．To help other plants grow in a spaceship．
参考答案
Unit 1重点词汇和句型
（2023·江苏连云港·中考真题）48．million
【解析】句意：在最初的两个月里，大约有1亿人使用了ChatGPT。“百万”million，基数词100后接其原形。故填million。
（2023·江苏苏州·中考真题）36．(t)wice
【解析】句意：虽然我只见过她一两次，但我能看出她很有个性。根据“once or”及首字母可知，此处指一两次，once or twice表示“一两次”，故填(t)wice。
（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）49．goes
【解析】句意：如果这种情况继续下去，野生动物很快就无处可住了。if引导的条件状语从句遵循主将从现，从句用一般现在时，主语是this，动词用三单形式，故填goes。
（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）52．will be
【解析】句意：未来5年，无锡将至少有6条地铁线路。根据“in five years’ time”可知，时态是一般将来时，故填will be。
（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）52．fifteen
【解析】句意：我叔叔住在离扬州十五公里远的一个镇上。fifteen“十五”，是基数词，此处表示数量，应用基数词，故填fifteen。
【答案】inviting second twelfth Thousands wishes Teachers’ video capital
Unit2重点词汇和句型
（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）2．A
【解析】句意：——看右边的男孩。他在干什么？——他在打扫卫生。
考查动词短语辨析和常识。do some cleaning打扫卫生；wash the dishes洗碗；do some shopping购物；washing the clothes洗衣服。根据图片显示可知，男孩正在打扫卫生。故选A。
（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）38．In the folk story, the amazing white snake is ________ (lucky) saved by a young man．
【答案】luckily
【解析】句意：在民间故事中，这条神奇的白蛇被一个年轻人幸运地救了下来。lucky“幸运的”，是形容词，此处修饰动词，应用副词，故填luckily。
BDACB
Unit3重点词汇和句型
（2023·江苏苏州·中考真题）38．(f)orward
【解析】句意：我们都盼望着科学家发现更多外太空秘密的那一天。根据题干和首字母可知此处是固定短语look forward to“期待”，故填(f)orward。
（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）9．D
【解析】句意：妈妈轻声地开门，因为她不想吵醒她的孩子。
考查副词辨析。angrily生气地；loudly大声地；quickly快速地；quietly轻声地。根据“because she didn’t want to wake up her baby．”可知，因为不想吵醒孩子，所以轻声开门。故选D。
ACCCBA
Unit4重点词汇和句型
（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）4．B
【解析】句意：去年在黄河上建了一座新桥。
考查介词辨析。around围绕；across横穿；against反对；along沿着。根据常识可知桥应该是横跨黄河，用across，故选B。
（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）3．D
【解析】句意：舞蹈不仅是一种艺术形式，也是一种通过身体讲述故事的语言。
考查介词辨析。towards朝向；over在……上方；past超过；through通过。根据“a language which tells stories…body”可知，此处指舞蹈是一种通过身体讲述故事的语言。故选D。
CCDAB BBDAD CCD
Unit1-4语法分析
【答案】1-5 BACAC 6-10 CBDAD 11-15 BDBAA
二、句型转换
1．Which house
2．which girl
3．does cost
4．What；like
5．How soon
6．How often
7.How long
8．Why does
9．How like
【2023年常州市金坛区中考二模英语试题】
一、单项选择(共10小题：每小题1分, 满分10分)
1．C
【解析】句意：吉姆整个下午都很安静。他一定有什么心事。
考查情态动词。can可以；need需要；must一定；should应该。根据“Jim has been so quiet the whole afternoon”可知，根据吉姆整个下午都很安静，有把握推测他一定有心事，因此用情态动词must，故选C。
2．C
【解析】句意：——对不起，妈妈！我没有通过面试。——没关系，亲爱的。但你已经获得了宝贵的经验。
考查形容词辨析。possible可能的；enjoyable令人愉快的；valuable有价值的；comfortable舒服的。根据“But you have gained．．．experience．”可知，从面试中获得了宝贵的经验。故选C。
3．B
【解析】句意：——你确定你要去云南教书吗？从云南到北京有多远？——只有四个小时的航程。别担心。距离现在不是问题了。
考查特殊疑问句。How long多长（时间），对一段时间或长度提问；How far多远，对距离提问；How soon多久，对将来的时间进行提问，回答一般用In加上时间段；How often多久一次，对频率提问。根据答语“Just a four-hour flight．”可知，是对距离提问。故选B。
4．B
【解析】句意：——多么可怜的人！你用钱帮他了吗？——是的，但他拒绝了。他的自尊心不允许他接受慈善。
名词词义辨析。product产品；pride自尊；power能量；possibility可能性。根据“didn’t allow him to accept charity”可知，这里指他的自尊心不允许他接受慈善，故选B。
5．B
【解析】句意：——这里有这么多人。太吵了。——这是真的。为什么不去一个更私密的地方呢？
考查不定副词。somewhere某处；anywhere任何地方。“Why not…”句型表示建议，句中用带有some的不定副词，又因为副词前不加介词，故选B。
6．B
【解析】句意：——马克龙最近为期三天的中国之行取得了巨大成功。——我完全同意。这有利于促进世界的和平与发展。
考查动词短语。break out爆发；turn out结果是，最终成为；put out扑灭；take out取出。根据“Macron’s recent three-day trip to China．．．to be a great success．”可知，此处指马克龙的中国之行是巨大的成功，“turn out”符合语境。故选B。
7．B
【解析】句意：——妈妈，我可以看篮球决赛放松一下吗？——当然可以。但是它已经结束了很长一段时间。
考查动词和时态。end结束，是瞬间性动词；be over结束，是延续性动词；此处与时间段for quite a while连用，用延续性动词的现在完成时，故选B。
8．C
【解析】句意：——我听说下周五我们要去天目湖旅行。——太棒了！但我想知道我们几点出发。
考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，“I wonder”后跟宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除选项B；引导词if不能直接和or not连用，排除选项D；that和how不能同时引导宾语从句，排除选项A。故选C。
9．B
解析】句意：——真遗憾！我没有买到新手机。它们已经卖光了。——这表明人们是如何受到广告的影响的。
考查动词辨析。supported支持；influenced影响；improved改善；suggested建议。根据“how people are．．．by advertisements”可知人们被广告影响去买了手机。故选B。
10．A
【解析】句意：——我希望你不介意我善意的忠告。——不会。一个真正的朋友会跟你说实话。
考查情景交际。Not at all一点也不；With pleasure很乐意；You’re welcome不客气；My pleasure我的荣幸。根据“A true friend is the one who tells you the truth about yourself”可知，说话者不介意对方提意见。故选A。
二、完形填空(共12小题；每小题1分, 满分12分)
11． B 12． A 13． C 14． C 15． B 16． B 17． B 18． C 19． A 20． C 21． A 22． C
【解析】本文主要讲述了一只没有尾巴的狐狸劝说其他狐狸剪掉自己尾巴的故事。
【11题详解】
句意：经过多次痛苦的拉扯，他成功逃脱了。
excited激动的；painful令人痛苦的；worried焦虑的；unhappy不高兴的。根据“One day, a fox was caught in a trap by the tail．”可知，是多次痛苦的拉扯，故选B。
【12题详解】
句意：经过多次痛苦的拉扯，他成功逃脱了。
getting away逃脱；getting up起床；getting back回来；getting through通过。根据“One day, a fox was caught in a trap by the tail．”和“succeeded in”可知，是成功逃脱，故选A。
【13题详解】
句意：他很清楚，他们都会取笑他，并在背后嘲笑他。
around周围；before在……之前；behind在……后面；from来自。根据“ they would all make fun of him”可知，是指在背后嘲笑他，故选C。
【14题详解】
句意：但他很难独自生活。
easy容易的；wise明智的；hard困难的；mad发疯的。根据“At last, he thought of a plan that would perhaps help him out of his trouble．”可知，这里指很难独自生活，故选C。
【15题详解】
句意：当狐狸们都聚集在一起时，没有尾巴的狐狸站了起来。
found发现；gathered聚集；went去；followed跟随。根据“He called a meeting of all the foxes．”可知，这里指狐狸们都聚集在一起，故选B。
【16题详解】
句意：你知道有多少狐狸因为尾巴而受到伤害吗？
live生活；harm伤害；respect尊敬；laugh笑。根据下文“This one had been caught by hounds when his tail had become caught in the hedge． That one had no been able to…”可知，这里指因为尾巴而受到伤害，故选B。
【17题详解】
句意：在这个问题之后，他发表了一篇关于所有那些“悲伤的狐狸”的长篇演讲。
short短的；long长的；exciting令人激动的；common普通的。根据后文“ This one had been caught by hounds…That one had no been able to run fast enough because of the weight of his tail…it was well known, he said that men hunt foxes…”可知，是发表了一篇长篇演讲，故选B。
【18题详解】
句意：此外，众所周知，他说，人们猎杀狐狸只是为了它们的尾巴。
However然而；Otherwise否则；Also而且；Recently最近。根据“ This one…That one…it was well known, he said that men hunt foxes…”可知，此处表示递进，所以用also，故选C。
【19题详解】
句意：此外，众所周知，他说，人们猎杀狐狸只是为了它们的尾巴。
simply仅仅；certainly当然地；hardly几乎不；properly适当地。根据“Men, he continued, cut off the tails as prizes of the hunt．”可知，是指猎杀狐狸只是为了它们的尾巴，故选A。
【20题详解】
句意：看看有尾巴的危险和无用的证据
advantage优势；beauty美丽；danger危险；value价值。根据“…and uselessness of having a tail”可知，这里指有尾巴的危险和无用，故选C。
【21题详解】
句意：如果你们重视自己的生命和安全，我建议你们每个人都切断它。
safety安全；tail尾巴；friends朋友；thought思想。根据“ if you valued your life”可知，这里指重视自己的生命和安全，故选A。
【22题详解】
句意：他现在知道，再试图说服狐狸放弃尾巴是没有用的。
meaningless无意义的；wrong错误的；useful有用的；hard困难的。根据“ it was not…to try any longer to persuade the foxes to give up their tails”可知，这里指劝说是没有用的，故选C。
（2023·江苏泰州·中考真题）
二、完形填空（共12小题；每小题1分，满分12分）
11． A 12． C 13． D 14． B 15． A 16． A 17． C 18． B 19． D 20． D 21． B 22． C
【解析】本文主要讲述了作者观察到鸟妈妈为了保护鸟宝宝无所畏惧，这让他意识到：父母天生的能力会让他们变得勇敢，而且我们要尊重自然。
【11题详解】
句意：它们似乎直到我就在它们面前才注意到我，然后它们立刻迅速进入灌木丛。
notice注意；welcome欢迎；follow跟随；believe相信。根据“me until I was right in front of them”可知，直到到了它们面前，它们才注意到我。故选A。
【12题详解】
句意：尽管我真的没有想到两只鸟会在我的前院筑巢，因为野生鸟类通常不会在这么近的地方筑巢，但我想到它们筑巢的事情就感到挺兴奋的。
when当；until直到；because因为；while与……同时。前后两句是因果关系，前果后因，用because引导原因状语从句。故选C。
【13题详解】
句意：几周后，这些鸟又出现了。
fought打架，打斗；flew飞；screamed尖叫；appeared出现。根据“A few weeks later, the birds．．．again”可知，鸟又出现了。故选D。
【14题详解】
句意：当我走近他们时，我想象着它们会像上次一样逃跑。
explained解释；imagined想象；confirmed确认；remembered记得。根据“that they would run away like they did last time”可知，是想象着它们会逃跑。故选B。
【15题详解】
句意：它似乎在警告我不要再靠近了。
nearer更近；faster更快；earlier更早；deeper更深。根据“But instead they stuck out their heads and made a threatening (威胁的) croaking (呱呱叫) sound． It seemed to warn me not to go any．．．”可知，它们发出了威胁性的沙哑声，不让作者再靠近。故选A。
【16题详解】
句意：我不知道它们为什么对我大喊大叫，直到不久后我有了一个惊人的发现：它们有两只鸟宝宝。
discovery发现；contribution贡献；achievement成就；agreement协定。根据“they had two small baby birds”可知，是发现有两只鸟宝宝。故选A。
【17题详解】
句意：当我悄悄地向那些鸟走去，小心不要做出任何突然的动作时，它们又开始鸣叫了。
patient有耐心的；curious好奇的；careful小心的；polite有礼貌的。根据“not to make any sudden movements”可知，是小心地不做出突然的动作。故选C。
【18题详解】
句意：它们把脖子向前伸直，看起来更长，更具威胁性。
wider更宽的；longer更长的；weaker更弱的；smaller更小的。根据“They straightened their necks forward”可知，脖子向前伸，显得脖子更长。故选B。
【19题详解】
句意：鸟妈妈小心翼翼地蹲在小鸟身上，把小鸟藏在羽毛里。
pulled拉；shook摇；touched触摸；hid藏。根据“her babies well in her feathers”可知，是把宝宝藏在羽毛里。故选D。
【20题详解】
句意：我正满怀敬意地看着它们，突然绊倒在地。
trust信任；courage勇气；confidence信心；respect尊敬。根据前文可知，鸟妈妈保护自己的小鸟，这让作者对它们充满了尊敬。故选D。
【21题详解】
句意：展开翅膀保护鸟妈妈和小鸟，同时让自己看起来更大。
shutting关闭；spreading展开；controlling控制；breaking损坏。根据“his wings to protect the mother and the chicks while making himself appear larger．”可知，是展开自己的翅膀。故选B。
【22题详解】
句意：我很抱歉让它们大吃一惊。
angry生气的；happy高兴的；sorry抱歉的；proud自豪的。根据“have surprised them and left quickly”可知惊动了小鸟，作者感到很抱歉。故选C。
【答案】23． B 24． D 25． B
【解析】本文主要介绍了为图片进行文字说明的比赛，并介绍了上个月的一些比赛情况。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Just out for a quick bite． By Chris Ramos”以及“The winner of last month’s was Chris Ramos．”可知，上个月的获胜者是Just out for a quick bite，它是最有趣的。故选B。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Laughs & Jokes $50—100 for each winner”，“Smart Animals Up to $100 for each winner”以及“My Story $250 for each winner”可知，“我的故事”奖金最高；根据“Do you have an encouraging story to tell Articles must be true”可知，一个真实的鼓舞人心的故事奖金最高。故选D。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。本文主要介绍了为图片进行文字说明的比赛，并介绍了上个月的一些比赛情况，所以文章可能出现在杂志上。故选B。
【答案】26． D 27． A 28． A 29． C
【解析】本文主要介绍了美国国家航空航天局的工程师弗林为了解决宇航员在太空中生活而存在的一些问题，提出了把生活用品作为宇宙飞船的一部分。
【26题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“The room inside the spaceship is too limited to hold many things． So packing a spaceship is a huge challenge for a trip to Mars．”可知，宇宙飞船里的空间太有限了，放不下很多东西，因此，把东西放进宇宙飞船对火星之旅来说是一个巨大的挑战。故此处划线部分packing a spaceship意为“把东西放进宇宙飞船里”。故选D。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“but the problem is that it’s too expensive”以及“But Flynn, an engineer at NASA, thinks he has a way of solving the problem．”可知，他的系统的好处是没有那么贵，即节省了费用。故选A。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据“All these make hard walls and great radiation (辐射) protection．”可知，水墙概念的目的之一就是阻止巨大的辐射。故选A。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The algae will live in bags in the walls too, fed by human waste and sunlight, eating up CO2 and making oxygen for the astronauts to breathe．”可知，藻类吸收二氧化碳，并为宇航员呼吸制造氧气。故选C。
专题03七下Units 1-4
（知识梳理+常考易错点点归纳+强化提升练）
掌握1-4单元的重点单词、词组和句式以及语法，做到熟练运用。
一、词汇
1．重点单词的含义及用法：capital 首都；in the centre of … 在……的中心；hundred百；
message消息、音信； like doing 喜欢做某事（习惯）；do some shopping “买东西”；all over the world
“全世界”；look forward to期望，盼望；prepare for……为……做准备；plenty of大量的；
lie--lay--lain 躺，放置；be happy to do sth开心做某事
2．易混词辨析：be full of “充满”=be filled with；invite sb． to do sth．邀请某人做某事；sick与ill的区分；
be ready to do sth 乐于做某事 = be glad/willing to do sth ．；help sb with sth = help sb (to) do sth
帮助某人解决某种困难；be famous for．．．． “以．．．．．．．而著名”与be famous as．．．． “作为．．．．．．而出名”的区分；
take 与 bring的区分；far away from …．表示“离…远”；四个“花费”区分； none与no one区分；
方位介词in/on/to区分；remember to do sth与remember doing sth的区分
二、句型
1． would like sb． to do sth．“想要某人做某事”
2． ask sb． to do sth．“让某人做某事”，否定形式为ask sb． not to do sth．“让某人不要做某事”。
3． I love to sit there and look out at the beach and the sea．
4． I’m afraid they won’t welcome visitors like you．
5． There’s something wrong with my computer．
6．There are lots of things to do in Sunshine Town．在阳光城有好多事情可以做。
7．take the +序数词+turning/crossing on the left/right．=turn left/right at the+序数词+turning/crossing
在第几个拐弯处/交叉路口向左/右拐。
8．How can I get to some place？到某地的方式是什么？
三、重点语法
Unit1 Unit2 Unit3 Unit4
基数词、序数词 一般将来时 ①名词所有格 ②形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词 ①冠词a/an/the ②方位介词
基数词变成序数词的规则 基数词和序数词的用法 一般将来时的概念 一般将来时的用法 一般将来时的标志词 名词所有格的三种形式 形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之间的转换 冠词a/an/the的各自用法 方位介词之间的辨析
Unit 1重点词汇和句型
1．next to 紧邻，在……近旁
2．the capital of … ……的首都
3．in the centre of … 在……的中心
4．share
share 动词，意为“合用，分享”。
share sth with sb意为“与某人合用/分享某物”。
5．own
（1）own形容词，意为“自己的”，常与形容词性物主代词连用。“one’s own…”意为“某人自己的……”。
own还可以作动词，表示“拥有”，相当于have。
owner 是own的名词形式，意为“主人，拥有者”。
（2）own常用的搭配还有：
1）of one’s own 意为“属于某人自己的，自己独有的”。
例如：He has a room of his own．他有属于他自己的房间。
2）on one’s own 意为“单独，独自”。
例如：You can’t expect him on his own．你不能期望他独自一个人做那件事。
6．hundred
hundred是数词，意为“百”，当表示具体的“几百”时，用“基数词 + hundred”，注意不加-s。
【拓展】
（1）hundreds of 表示“数百，成百上千的”，这时hundred后要加-s,且后面有介词of,但是不能与数词连用
（2）表示数词的还有thousand“千”，million“百万”，billion“十亿”。它们的用法和hundred一样，可以用来表示约数和确数。
7．over
（1）over 为介词，有“超过，多于”的含义，相当于more than。
（2）over作介词还可以表示“在……上方”。
（3）over作副词，表示“完了，结束”。常作表语。
（4）常见的over构成的短语有：
go over 检查 all over 遍及，整个 over and over 反复 over there 在那边
8．be full of
be full of意为“充满”，相当于be filled with。
9． message 可数名词，意为“消息，音信”。
“take a message”意为“传个话，捎个口信”，“leave a message”意为“留言”。
10． I’d like to live next to a restaurant．
（1）“I’d like to”是“I would like to”的缩写，would意为“想”，是情态动词，常与like连用。在英语中“would like”是一个常用的结构，意为“想，愿意”，用来表示主语的意愿。“would like sth．/to do sth．”意为“想要某物/做某事”，表示“想要做某事”时，可以和“sb． want to do sth． ”替换，但是“would you like．．．”的语气要更加的委婉。
（2）would like sb． to do sth．“想要某人做某事”
（3）这样的句式变成一般疑问句时，把would提前，意为“想要做……吗？”；变成否定句时，在would的后面加not，意为“不想做……”。
例如：Would you like to show me your new camera 你愿意把你的新照相机给我看看吗？
11． I always have fun with my dog there．
fun为不可数名词，意为“娱乐，乐趣”，可用much；lots of；a lot of等修饰。have fun意为“玩得高兴，有趣”，相当于have a good time或enjoy oneself，其后接可接“doing sth．或with sth．”。
【拓展】fun的形容词为funny，意为“有趣的，可笑的”。
12． Can you ask him to call me back
（1）ask sb． to do sth．“让某人做某事”，其否定形式为ask sb． not to do sth．“让某人不要做某事”。
ask sb． sth． “问某事某事”；“ask for sth．”意为“请求某事，要某物”，相当于“want sth．”。
（3）ask sb． for sth．“向某人要某物”。
13． I would like to invite my friends to watch films with me at the weekend．
本句中的invite是及物动词，意为“邀请”，常用于下列结构：
（1）invite sb．邀请某人
（2）invite sb． to some place邀请某人去某地
（3）invite sb． to (have) dinner邀请某人吃饭
（4）invite sb． to do sth．邀请某人做某事
14． I love to sit there and look out at the beach and the sea．
（1）look out at 在本句中意为“向外看”“眺望外面”，由look out 和look at两个短语合并而成。
（2）look out 除了有“向外看”的意思以外，还可表示“查出，找出，注意，当心”等意。
(3 ) 与look组成的短语：
look after 照顾，照料 look ahead 向前看，着眼将来
look back 回顾，回想 look down upon看不起，藐视
look for 寻找 look forward to 期盼，希望
（2023·江苏连云港·中考真题）48． About 100 ________ (百万) people used ChatGPT in the first two months．
（2023·江苏苏州·中考真题）36．Although I’ve met her only once or t__________, I can tell that she has a strong personality．
（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）49．If this __________ (go) on, the wild animals will soon have nowhere to live．
（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）52．There ________ (be) at least six underground lines in Wuxi in five years’ time．
（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）52．My uncle lives in a town ________ kilometers from Yangzhou． (十五)
1． Thank you for___________ (invite) me to your birthday party．
2． This is my ___ (two) day in Shanghai． I still need to stay here for ten more days because the work needs 30 days．
3． December is the ________ (12) month of a year．
4． _________ (thousand) of people will watch the basketball match tomorrow ．
5． Students give their best ________ (wish) to their teachers on _____________(teacher) Day
6． There are a few _______________ (video) shops on both sides of the street．
7． Red Square is in Moscow, the (首都）of Russia．
Unit2重点词汇和句型
1．like 像，相似，类似
(1) like用作介词，指某人或某物“像，相似，类似”。常用的固定搭配有：
be like …像…样子；look like …看起来像；
(2) like 也可以用作动词，表示“喜欢”之意，常用的固定搭配：
like doing 喜欢做某事（习惯）
like to do sth 喜欢做某事（具体的事）
2． something 代词某事，某物 somebody 代词某人 anyone 代词任何人
3． fire n．火
fire用作不可数名词，意为“火”，常用
固定搭配： be on fire“着火了” catch/take fire“着火了” make a fire“生火”
sick adj．生病的，恶心的
5．I’m afraid they won’t welcome visitors like you．
解析： I’m afraid 用于礼貌或正式的道歉、对不起、恐怕等，一般做插入语。
I’m afraid not 恐怕不行，表示认为对方的意见可能不会发生，是委婉的否定。
拓展: (1)害怕某人/某事be afraid of sb/sth
(2)害怕干某事be afraid to do sth/be afraid of doing sth
(3)恐怕/害怕．．．be afraid that从句
6． They help us with all kinds of problems．
help sb with sth = help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人解决某种困难
helpful 形容词，意为“有用的，愿意帮忙的”，反义词为helpless“无用的，没有帮助的”。
7． There’s something wrong with my computer．
There’s something wrong with ．．．．表示“某物坏了，有毛病了”
=Something is wrong with ．．．．
=．．．．．is broken．
=．．．．doesn’t work．
8． Some colleges students are ready to help．
be ready to do sth 乐于做某事 = be glad/willing to do sth ．
be /get ready for sth 为……．．做好准备。
9． Some of them often visit the old people and do some shopping for them．
do some shopping 动词短语，意为“买东西”，为固定结构，类似短语：
do some cleaning 打扫卫生 do some reading 读些书
do some washing 洗衣服
10． You’re lucky to live in a community center like that Simon．
固定搭配：a lucky dog 幸运儿
（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）2．—Look at the boy on the right． What’s he doing
—He’s ________．
A．doing some cleaning B．washing the dishes
C．doing some shopping D．washing the clothes
（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）38．In the folk story, the amazing white snake is ________ (lucky) saved by a young man．
---I live on the third floor, How about you, May
---On the fifth floor． ---Oh, I live two floors ______ you ．
A． under B． below C． over D．above
2． ---What does Mr Smith do every day
---He sends lots of letters to people． he is a busy______．
A． doctor B． policeman C． cook D．postman
3． Mike is a ________ boy． He always helps his classmates with their homework．
A． helpful B． beautiful C． sick D．lucky
4． ---How does you mother go to work --- ________．
A． By foot B． By a bus C． By bus D． In a bike
5． ---There is ______ wrong with my car． Can you take me to Shanghai
---No problem．
A． everything B． something C． nothing D．anything
Unit3重点词汇和句型
1．be quiet “安静”； keep quiet “保持安静”
2．famous “著名的，出名的”
be famous for．．．． “以．．．．．．．而著名 China is famous for the Great Wall．
be famous as．．．． “作为．．．．．．而出名 Li Ming is famous as a singer．
miss “错过”
miss sth/ doing sth错过做某事
all over the world “全世界”
5． I would like to take the boys to our school’s football field．我想要把这些男孩带到我们学校的足球场去。
take sb to sp ．意为“带某人到某地去”。动词take 表示“引领，带领”之意。
辨析：take 与 bring
①take 意为带走，表示从说话人这儿把东西待到其他地方
②bring 意为带来，表示把东西从其他地方带到说话人这儿
6． There are lots of things to do in Sunshine Town．在阳光城有好多事情可以做。
句中to do 是动词不定式，用作后置定语（动词不定式用作定语必须后置），修饰前面的名词，表示要做的事。
例: Eddie has no food to eat。埃迪没有吃的了。
to do/ doing/do
to do do doing
1． plan to do 2． invite sb to do 3． want to do 4． would like to do 5． have sth to do 6．there be sth to do 1． make sb do 2． let sb do (let’s do) 3． why not do =why don’t you do 1．enjoy doing 2．What about doing =how about doing 3．look forward to doing 4． miss doing 5． spend…doing
7．far away from …．表示“离…远”；可以与连系动词连用，也可以与行为动词连用。
8．四个“花费”
It takes sb 时间to do
Sth cost sb 金钱
Sb spend时间/金钱doing sth/ on sth
Sb pay金钱for sth
9．look forward to 是一个固定短语，意为“期盼，盼望”。to 是介词，后接名词、代词和v+-ing形式，不能跟动词原形。
10．show sb around 意为“带领某人参观”
11．none/no one
基本含义 用法辨析
none “没有一个” 可指人,也可指物。单独使用时常用于回答“How many… 或How much… ”的句型,后常接of短语,构成完全否定的句型：①None of +the+可数名词复数+单数/复数动词+… ②None of + the+不可数名词复数+单数动词+…
no one “没有人” 可指人,不可指物,语气比none强。一般不接of短语, 通常用来回答“Who… ”的句型。作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
12．Neil’s mother is calling him from the UK．
从某地给某人打电话: call sb from sth
（2023·江苏苏州·中考真题）38．We all look f__________ to the day when scientists discover more secrets of outer space．
（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）9．Mum opened the door ________ because she didn’t want to wake up her baby．
A．angrily B．loudly C．quickly D．quietly
( ) 1． _______is difficult if you put your heart in it．
A． Nothing B． Everything C． Nobody D． No one
( )2． Why ______ our local theatre with us tonight
A． visit B． you visit C． not visit D．you don’t visit
( )3． Don’t worry． We can _______ you ______ the bus stop．
A．Bring; to B． take; in C． take; to D．take; at
( )4． _____ she isn’t at home． She _______ go to Shanghai．
A．May; maybe B． Maybe; maybe C． Maybe; may D． May; may
( )5． –Do you like them all
--________． I don’t like the red one．
A． Of course B． Of course not C． Not at all D． That’s right
( ) 6． There isn’t _______ in the fridge now． Let’s go and buy some now．
A．enough milk B． milk enough C． apples enough D．enough apples
Unit4重点词汇和句型
1． north n 北，北方 west n 西，西方
south n 南，南方 east n 东，东方
方位词north，north，south，east “东、南、西、北”，用作名词表示方位时，常用两种方式。
(1)表示方位的名词+of+地点：
(2) 介词+the+表示方位的名词+of +地点
表示两者接壤时，用介词 on
表示两者不接壤时，用介词 to
表示包括在内部，用介词 in
2．．remember 记得，记住。用作及物动词，
remember to do sth “记住要做某事”，指事情还没做，记住要做；
remember doing sth “记住做过某事”，指事情做过了，还记得。
3．laugh at…意为“嘲笑．．．．．．”
4．take the +序数词+turning/crossing on the left/right．=turn left/right at the+序数词+turning/crossing
在第几个拐弯处/交叉路口向左/右拐。
5． prepare vt．准备
固定搭配：prepare for……为……做准备
prepare ……for……为……做准备
prepare to do sth 准备做某事
6．plenty 大量，充足
固定搭配：plenty of = a lot of 大量的，足够的即可以修饰可数名词也可以修饰不可数名词。
7． They like to eat bamboo and lie down all day long．他们喜欢吃竹子，而且整天躺着。
lie--lay--lain 躺，放置
lie--lied--lied 撒谎
lay--laid--laid 产卵，下蛋
巧记lie的lay的口诀： 规则撒谎，不规则躺；躺过下蛋，下蛋不规则
How can I get there
How can I get to some place 是询问到某地的方式是什么，是由对方提问的一种方式。
问路方式：Can you show me the way to …
Can you tell me how to get to …
Can you tell me how I can get to …
How can I get there How can I get to …
Where's …
Which is the way to …
Is there a … near here
指路方式：Go/Walk along the road, take the first turning on the left/right．
Go/Walk along the street, turn left/right at the first crossing．
Cross the road at the traffic lights．
9． I’m happy to invite you to 我很高兴邀请你…
本句所用的句型是be happy to do sth 高兴做某事。
（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）4．A new bridge was built ________ the Yellow River last year．
A．around B．across C．against D．along
（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）3．Dance is not just a form of art, but also a language which tells stories ________ body．
A．towards B．over C．past D．through
( ) 1． There is ______ “u” and ___________ “l” in the word “umbrella”．
A． a, a B． an, an C． a, an D．an, a
( ) 2． The bus stopped ______ the traffic lights．
A． for B． on C． at D．in
( ) 3． No buses come past here ． He has to _______there _______ his bicycle．
A． go to, by B． go, by C． go to , on D． go , on
( ) 4． _______ the second turning on the right．
A． Take B． Turn C． Walk D． Go
( ) 5． Would you like _______ a cup of tea
A． drink B． to drink C． drinking D．to drinking
( ) 6．It my mother half an hour to the shopping mall．
A． spends; walking B．takes; to walk
C． spends; to walk D．takes; walking
( ) 7．We are looking forward ________ a film next week．
A． to see B． to seeing C． for seeing D．seeing
( ) 8．There _ a fashion show in Sunshine Secondary School next Friday evening．
A． is going to B． will have C． is going to have D．will be
( ) 9．You can get there _______ ．
A． by underground B．take underground
C． by an underground D．take an underground
( ) 10．I don’t like this shirt． Would you please show me _______ one
A． other B． the other C． the others D．another
( ) 11．Could you tell me ________ Sunshine Shopping Mall
A． the way of B． how to go C． the way to D．how go to
( ) 12． Why _______ at home and watch TV
A． don’t stay B． not staying C． don’t you stay D．not to stay
( ) 13． There’s _______ juice in the kitchen． Please go and buy some．
A． a little B． few C． much D．little
Unit1-4语法分析
一、基数词和序数词
数词的分类：
（1）基数词：表示数目多少的数词叫基数词，如 one, five, ten, thirty, sixty-five 等。
（2）序数词：表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词，如 first, sixth, tenth, twenty-first 等。
数词的用法：
（1）序数词前通常要用定冠词，但当序数词前有形容词性物主代词时，通常省略其前的定冠词。
例：Today is my father’s fortieth birthday．
批注：有时序数词前不用定冠词，而用不定冠词，表示次第在原有基础上的增加。
例：We’ll have to do it a second time．我们得再做一次。
（2）时刻的表示：小时，分钟，秒钟都用基数词表示，例如：five o'clock, seven thirty, two to eight等。
（3）年，月，日的表示：年份用基数词，日用序数词。例如：in 1999，五月八号写作 May the eighth
批注：表示在几世纪这个概念时，用序数词。例如：在21世纪写作 in the twenty-first century．
（4）在分数的表达，分子须用基数词,分母用序数词。分子如是1以上的基数词,分母须用复数形式。
如1/3写作a/one third，3/4写作three fourths。
（5）编号的表示：基数词放到名词的后面，前面的名词要大写；序数词放在名词的前面，要加定冠词。
例如：Lesson 1，the first lesson．
数词的构成：
（1）基数词的构成
1） 1-20表达英语中有相对应的单词，两位数的表达方法为整数加个位数组成，如twenty-one;三位数如one hundred and twenty-one, 百位和十位之间加and，后面两位数要加连字符，四位以上只有在百位和十位之间加and，如1134 one thousand, one hundred and thirty-four。
批注：英语中没有万，千万，亿等单位，如果需要表示万的话用thousand计算, 如1,4283 fourteen thousand two hundred and eighty-three；如果需要表示千万和亿的话用million计算，如2,1824,5200 two hundred and eighteen million two hundred and forty-five thousand and two hundred。
2）用作基数词单位的 hundred, thousand, million, billion 不带复数词尾-s，但若用于表示数百、数千、数百万这样的泛指，则用复数。
例：About two thousand people died in the earthquake．大约有两千人在地震中丧生。
Thousands of people go to the seaside every year．每年成千上万的人到海滨去。
3）表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。
例：He is in his early twenties．他才二十出头。
This took place in the 1930s．这事发生在20世纪30年代。
批注：数词和名词，形容词连用时有连字符和没有连字符在句中的位置是有区别的，例如five-year-old和five years old．有连字符的在句中做定语，修饰后面的名词；无连字符的在句中做表语，放在系动词后面。
例：The five-year-old boy can dress himself．那个5岁的孩子自己能穿衣服了。
My son is a five-year-old boy．我的儿子是一个五岁的男孩。
（2）序数词的构成
1）许多序数词是由相应的基数词后加词尾-th构成的，如four / fourth，sixteen / sixteenth；twentieth, thirtieth,
fortieth 等表示整十的序数词，由相应的基数词将词尾y改为ie，再加-th 构成。
2）几个常考的不规则变化序数词需注意：ninth，twelfth，fortieth，ninetieth等。
3）非整十的多位数，将个位数变成序数词即可：twenty-first(第21)，thirty-sixth(第36)，ninety-ninth(第99)，three hundred and sixty-fifth(第365)等。
二、一般将来时
基本用法：
（1）will/shall + do sth．
1) 客观必然会发生的事情
2) 临时决定要去做的事情
(2) be going to do sth．
1) 有迹象表明要发生的事情
2) 计划好要去做的事情
3) there be 的将来时结构：there will be/ be going to be
时间状语：
含有tomorrow（如tomorrow，the day after tomorrow，tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening），含有next（如next day/month/year．．．），soon，in+一段时间，in+将来的年份（如in 2019），tonight，this afternoon/evening（注：this morning用于过去时）
注意点：
1）go, come, leave, arrive用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。
2）在含有条件状语从句或时间状语从句的复合句中，主将从现。
3）There be与将来时的结合：there will be或者是there is/are going to be
4）有迹象、征兆的用be going to do，不能用will do
三、名词所有格
(1) ’s所有格用法
① 表示有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加's,其复数形式是s'，例如：a student's room, students' rooms
② 如其结尾不是s的复数形式仍加 's，如：Children's Day（儿童节）。
③ 在表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用's，例如：twenty minutes' walk（二十分钟的步行），ten miles' journey（十英里的旅程），two pounds' weight（两英镑的重量）。
【注意】
① 如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's，则表示“分别有”，例如：John's and Mary's rooms（约翰和玛丽各有一间，共两间）；Tom's and Mary's bikes（两人各自的自行车）。
② 两个名词并列，只有一个's，则表示“共有”，例如：John and Mary's room（约翰和玛丽共有一间）；Tom and Mary's mother（即Tom与Mary是兄妹）。
(2) of所有格
无生命名词的所有格则必须用“名词+of+名词”结构，例如：a map of China（一张中国地图），the end of this term（这个学期末），the capital of our country（我们国家的首都）, the color of the flowers（这些花的颜色）。
(3) 双重所有格
双重所有格的结构：a/this//…+名词(单数) +of+名词所有格
【注意】
① “of＋名词所有格”中的名词必须表示人，不能表示事物。因此，我们可以说：a friend of my father’s（我父亲的一个朋友），但却不能说a leg of a table’s，而且该名词必须是特指的，不能是泛指的。比如我们可以说，a friend of the doctor’s（这位医生的一个朋友），而不能说a friend of a doctor’s。
② one of my brother’s friends（明确表示我兄弟有一个以上的朋友）
a friend of my brother’s（暗示我兄弟有一个以上的朋友） a friend of my brother（对我兄弟有好感的人）
my brother’s friend（我兄弟唯一的一个朋友或刚谈及的那一个朋友）
四、形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词
(
人
称
数
性
) 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数
形容词性 my our your your his/her/its their
名词性 mine ours yours yours his/hers/its theirs
五、冠词a/an/the
(1) 不定冠词的用法
a．用在单数名词之前，表示某一类人或事物。例如：John is a student． Mary is an English teacher．
b．指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或和物。例如：A student wants to see you． A girl is waiting for you outside．
(2) 定冠词用法
a．特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。例如：The book on the desk is an English dictionary．
b．指说话人和听话人都熟悉的人或事物。例如：Open the door, please．
c．上文提到过的人或事物。例如：Yesterday John’s father bought him a new bike． The bike cost him 200 yuan．
d．表示世界上独一无二的事物。例如：The sun rises in the east and sets in the west．
e．用在序数词和形容词最高级之前。例如：Shanghai is the biggest city in China．
f．用在某些形容词之前，表示某一类人或事物。例如：The nurse is kind to the sick．
g．用在姓氏复数之前，表示“某某一家人”，“某某夫妇”。例如： the Browns, the whites等。
(3) 不用冠词的情况
a．某些专有名词，抽象名词和物质名词前一般不用冠词。
b．名词前已有作定语用的this, that, my, your, whose, some, any, no, each, every等代词时，不用冠词。例如：I have some questions．
复数名词表示一类人或事物时，不用冠词。They are workers．
六、方位介词
介词 用法说明 例句
in 表示在某一地区之内的某方位，属于该范围。 Fujian is in the southeast of China． 福建位于中国的东南部。
to 表示在某一地区之外的某方位，不属于该范围。 Taiwan lies to the east of Fujian． 台湾在福建的东面。
on 表示与某地毗邻 Mongolia is on the north of China． 蒙古位于中国的北部。
几个表示“在……．．上面/下面”的介词区别：
①over/under表示“在……．的正上方/正下方”
例句：There are many bikes under the trees．树下有许多自行车。
They will build a new bridge over the river in front of my house．
②above/below表示“在．．．．．．．．．．．上方/下方或温度、楼层高于/低于………”，不一定有垂直高于/低于之意。
例句：The coat reaches below the knees．这件外套到了膝盖下面。
Nick lives on the fourth floor． I live two floors above him, I live on the sixth floor．
in和on表示“在………．之上 ”的区别：
in或on与tree搭配
in the tree 表示人或其他事物“在树上”；
on the tree 表示树、枝、叶、果等“长在树上”
例句：Look! Some birds are singing in the tree．看！一些鸟在树上唱歌。(鸟不属于树的一部分)
There are many apples on the tree．树上结了许多苹果。（苹果属于树的一部分）
in或on与wall搭配
in the wall 表示门、窗等嵌“在墙上”；
on the wall 表示东西张贴或挂“在墙上”
例句：There is a hole in the wall．墙上有个洞。(洞是嵌在墙上)
The teacher asked me to put up the map on the wall of the classroom．
老师让我把地图贴在教室的墙上。(地图是贴在墙上的)
几个表示“过”的介词区别：
①across表示横过，即从物体表面通过，从物体的一边到另一边的移动，与on有关，为二维；
②through表示穿过，即从物体内部穿过，与in有关，为三维；
③past意为从物体的旁边经过，或通过某个界限；
④over指从物体的悬空上方移过。
(1)Can you swim across the river
(2)The road runs through the forest．
(3)Go across the bridge, you’ll find a cinema．
(4)Many birds are flying over our building．
between 和among的区别：
between
①在……．两者之间
例句：Mary sits between Lucy and Lily．玛丽坐在露西和莉莉的中间。
②也用于把三者或三者以上的人或事物分别看待，指每两者之间
例如：You shouldn’t eat between meals．你不应该在两餐之间吃东西。
among
在……．三者或三者以上的人或事物之间
例句：Mrs． Wang stands among her students．王老师站在她的学生中间。
by, in, on 表示旅行方式的区别：
by
①用于表示交通工具的名词前，名词的前面不要有任何的冠词或者任何的修饰语。
例如：by bus坐公交 by train坐火车 by car 坐汽车
②还用于不涉及交通工具的名词前面
例如：by air 坐飞机 by sea 坐轮船
in 用在封闭型交通工具前,并且前面有冠词a
例如：in a car 坐汽车
on 用在开放或半开放型交通工具前，并且前面有定冠词the 或者物主代词
例如：on my bike 坐自行车
一、单项选择
( )1．I can’t play _____ violin,but I can play_____ volleyball very well．
A．the; the B．the; / C．/; the D．/; /
( )2---Jack,is there ______ in today’s newspaper
---No,nothing．
A．anything important B．something important
C．important anything D．important something
( )3．_____ important information card it is! It’s easy to use．
A．What a B．How C．What an D．What
( )4．___________TV do you watch every week About two hours．
A How much B How long C How often D How many hours
( )5． ---When will you __________ I’ll meet you at the airport．
---The plane took off late． I think I’ll __________ Shanghai at 5p．m．
A． get to; arrive in B．arrive in; arrive in
C． arrive ; get to D．get to; arrive at
( )6． Don’t make Tom ____ the work alone because he isn’t ______ ．
A．to do; old enough B．to do; enough old C．do; old enough D．do; enough old
( )7． — Excuse me, sir． I’m afraid you can’t smoke here． This is non-smoking area．
—Oh, sorry． I _______ the sign．I _____do it again．
A． don’t see ,don’t B． didn’t see ,won’t C． didn’t saw ,will D．saw,won’t
( )8． There _____a basketball game between Class 8 and Class 12 tomorrow, isn’t there
A． is B will be C．will have D is going to be
( )9． Do you like sleeping with the windows ________
A． open B． opened C． closing D．close
( )10． Excuse me, I’m new here． Would you please _____ the nearest bus stop
A． to show me the way to B．to show me the way of
C． show me how can I get to D．show me how to get to
( )11． Walk ______ the white building and ______ the street． You won’t miss it．
A． pass; cross B． past; cross C． pass; across D．past; across
( )12． I think coffee tastes good, but not _____ likes drinking it．
A． someone B． anyone C． no one D．everyone
( )13 --- Is this _____ fork --- No, it’s _______． ______ is over there．
A． your; her; Mine B． your; hers; Mine C． yours; hers; My D．yours; hers; Mine
( )14 Ms． White is looking after her _____ son these days． Luckily, he’s _____ now．
A． sick; better B． ill; better C． sick; bad D．ill; well
( )15． — Excuse me，could you give me a hand to move these boxes away
— _____ ．
A．No problem． B．Thank you ． C． Yes, please． D． Not at all．
二、句型转换
1． All of us like the house at the foot of the hill．(对划线部分提问)
____ ____ do all of you like
2． The girl in red is Lily．（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ is Lily
3． How much is your ruler？（保持句意基本不变）
How much___________ your ruler___________
4．Our school life is colourful and interesting．(对画线部分提问）
_______your school life_______
5．We will turn off the lights in half an hour．(对画线部分提问）
_______ _______ will you turn off the lights
6．Mr． and Mrs． Brown go shopping together twice a week．（对画线部分提问）
_______ ______do Mr． and Mrs． Brown go shopping together
It took us three hours to finish the work．(对划线部分提问）
_____ _____ did it take you to finish the work
8． Lucy exercises to keep fit every day．（对划线部分提问）
_____ ____ Lucy exercise every day？
9． Tom likes to sleep with the window open at night．（对划线部分提问）
______does Tom ______to sleep at night？
一、单项选择(共10小题：每小题1分, 满分10分)
1．Jim has been so quiet the whole afternoon． There ________ be something on his mind．
A．can B．need C．must D．should
2．—Sorry, Mum! I didn’t pass the interview．
—Never mind, dear． But you have gained ________ experience．
A．possible B．enjoyable C．valuable D．comfortable
3．—Are you sure you are going to teach in Yunnan ________ is it from Yunnan to Beijing
—Just a four-hour flight． Don’t worry． Distance is not a problem now．
A．How long B．How far C．How soon D．How often
4．— What a poor man! Did you help him with some money
—Yes, but he refused． His ________ didn’t allow him to accept charity．
A．product B．pride C．power D．possibility
5．— There are so many people here． It’s too noisy．
— That’s true． Why not go ________ a bit more private instead
A．to somewhere B．somewhere C．to anywhere D．anywhere
6．—Macron’s recent three-day trip to China ________ to be a great success．
—I couldn’t agree more． It is helpful to promote world peace and development．
A．breaks out B．turns out C．puts out D．takes out
7．—Can I watch the basketball final to have a relax, Mum
— Of course． But it ________ for quite a while．
A．has ended B．has been over C．ended D．was over
8．—I hear we’ll take a trip to Tianmu Lake next Friday．
—Great! But I wonder ________．
A．that how we will go there B．what will the weather be like
C．what time we will start D．if or not we can take a mobile phone
9．—What a pity! I haven’t got a new mobile phone． They have been sold out．
—This shows how people are ________ by advertisements．
A．supported B．influenced C．improved D．suggested
10．—I hope you won’t mind a little friendly advice．
—________． A true friend is the one who tells you the truth about yourself．
A．Not at all B．With pleasure C．You’re welcome D．My pleasure
二、完形填空(共12小题；每小题1分, 满分12分)
One day, a fox was caught in a trap by the tail． After much ____11____ pulling, he succeeded in ____12____． But he had to leave his beautiful bushy tail behind him．
For a long time, he kept away from the other foxes． He knew well enough that they would all make fun of him and laugh ____13____ his back． But it was ____14____ for him to live alone． At last, he thought of a plan that would perhaps help him out of his trouble．
He called a meeting of all the foxes． “I have got something of great importance to tell you,” he said．
When the foxes were all ____15____ together, the fox without a tail got up． As he slowly walked around, he asked the other foxes． “Do you know how many foxes have come to ____16____ because of their tails ”
He followed this question with a ____17____ speech about all those “sad foxes”． This one had been caught by hounds (猎犬) when his tail had become caught in the hedge (树篱)． That one had no been able to run fast enough because of the weight of his tail．____18____, it was well known, he said that men hunt foxes ____19____ for their tails． Men,” he continued, “cut off the tails as prizes of the hunt． Look at such proof (证据) of the _____20_____ and uselessness of having a tail,” said Master Fox． “I would advise every one of you to cut it off, if you valued (珍视) your life and _____21_____．”
After he had finished saying so much, an old fox arose． With a smile on his face, he said, “Master Fox, kindly turn around for a moment, and you shall have your answer．”
When the poor fox without a tail turned around, there arose a storm of laughter and hooting (哄笑)． He now knew it was not _____22_____ to try any longer to persuade (劝说) the foxes to give up their tails．
11． A．excited B．painful C．worried D．unhappy
12． A．getting away B．getting up C．getting back D．getting through
13． A．around B．before C．behind D．from
14． A．easy B．wise C．hard D．mad
15． A．found B．gathered C．went D．followed
16． A．live B．harm C．respect D．laugh
17． A．short B．long C．exciting D．common
18． A．However B．Otherwise C．Also D．Recently
19． A．simply B．certainly C．hardly D．properly
20． A．advantage B．beauty C．danger D．value
21． A．safety B．tail C．friends D．thought
22． A．meaningless B．wrong C．useful D．hard
二、完形填空（共12小题；每小题1分，满分12分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Last year in early summer, I was walking up the hill to my house when I saw two birds, each about 60 centimetres tall, standing on the path． They didn’t seem to ___11___ me until I was right in front of them and then they at once moved quickly into the bushes．
I was quite excited by the idea of two birds making a nest (巢) in my front yard, although I didn’t really expect them to ___12___ wild birds don’t usually nest so close．
A few weeks later, the birds ___13___ again． I found them crouching beside a tree off to the side of the path． As I moved nearer to them, I ___14___ that they would run away like they did last time． But instead they stuck out their heads and made a threatening (威胁的) croaking (呱呱叫) sound． It seemed to warn me not to go any ___15___．
I didn’t know why they were croaking at me until a short time later I made an amazing ___16___: they had two small baby birds．
As I moved quietly towards the birds, ___17___ not to make any sudden movements, they started their croaking again． They straightened their necks forward so they seemed ___18___ and more threatening． The mother carefully crouched down over the chicks, and ___19___ her babies well in her feathers．
I was watching them with ____20____ when I suddenly tripped and fell to the ground． The birds took this as a threat and the father raced towards me, ____21____ his wings to protect the mother and the chicks while making himself appear larger．
I was ____22____ to have surprised them and left quickly． I was amazed by their fearless actions． Their parental natural ability kicked in and made them so courageous． It is hard not to respect nature．
11． A．notice B．welcome C．follow D．believe
12． A．when B．until C．because D．while
13． A．fought B．flew C．screamed D．appeared
14． A．explained B．imagined C．confirmed D．remembered
15． A．nearer B．faster C．earlier D．deeper
16． A．discovery B．contribution C．achievement D．agreement
17． A．patient B．curious C．careful D．polite
18． A．wider B．longer C．weaker D．smaller
19． A．pulled B．shook C．touched D．hid
20． A．trust B．courage C．confidence D．respect
21． A．shutting B．spreading C．controlling D．breaking
22． A．angry B．happy C．sorry D．proud
三、阅读理解（共14小题；每小题2分，满分28分）
阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
CAPTION COMPETITION Come up with the funniest caption (文字说明) for the following photo and you could win $100． To enter, email asiaeditor@readersdigest．com．au Or see details below Email: asiaeditor@readersdigest．com．au Write: Reader’s Digest Asia, Editorial Department, Singapore Post Centre, PO Box 272, Singapore, 914010 Online: rdasia．com/contribute Below is last month’s caption competition: For last month’s competition, we got the following interesting captions: 1． What a shark-ing sight! By Jessica Cheng Hui Min 2． Just out for a quick bite． By Chris Ramos 3． I think that red car might be lost． It just keeps circling． By Adam Williams 4． Car pooling! By Sukhdeep Singh The winner of last month’s was Chris Ramos． Congratulations (祝贺)!
Besides caption competition, we also need some other ideas for the following: Laughs & Jokes $50—$100 for each winner Send in your real-life laugh for Life’s Like That or All In A Day’s Work． Got a joke Send it in for Laughter Is The Best Medicine! Smart Animals Up to $100 for each winner Share articles of special pets or wildlife in up to 300 words． My Story $250 for each winner Do you have an encouraging story to tell Articles must be true, unpublished and 800—1000 words．
23．Which caption of last month’s was considered the funniest
A．What a shark-ing sight!
B．Just out for a quick bite．
C．I think that red car might be lost． It just keeps circling．
D．Car pooling!
24．Which of the following will win the most money if it is chosen
A．A funny caption． B．A real-life laugh or joke．
C．An article about smart pets or wildlife． D．A true and encouraging story．
25．Where can we read the text
A．On a business website． B．In a magazine．
C．In a textbook． D．In a travel guide．
B
Sending astronauts to Mars is a big challenge． Astronauts will have to take everything they need, including food, air and water． The room inside the spaceship is too limited to hold many things． So packing a spaceship is a huge challenge for a trip to Mars．
Six astronauts on an eight-month trip to Mars will need at least 18,000 kilograms of water for drinking and washing． They’ll also need water to protect themselves from space rays which can pass right through spaceship walls and harm astronauts’ living cells． But a layer of water placed around the ship can stop the harm．
That’s a lot of water． And sending water into space is too expensive． It costs $33,000 to send one cup of water to Mars． The more you take, the more it costs． We have the technology to get to Mars, but the problem is that it’s too expensive．
But Flynn an engineer at NASA, thinks he has a way of solving the problem． Instead of building a heavy spaceship and packing it full of stuff (物料), why not use the stuff as part of the spaceship
Imagine a spaceship that blows up like a balloon． Inside the walls have pockets like a big honeycomb (蜂巢)． These hold lots of plastic bags filled with water, dried food and algae (水藻)． All these make hard walls and great radiation (辐射) protection． And stopping radiation doesn’t influence the food or water itself—it’s safe to eat and drink． And what if the same water could be reused again and again Flynn and his team call their packed-pocket idea Water Walls．
Making oxygen and taking away CO2—the waste gas you breathe out—is another problem in space． “Water Walls will take away CO2 the same way it’s done here on our Earth—with living plants,” Flynn says． Living plants take in CO2 to make their food, and give off oxygen． “Plants are hard to grow in a spacecraft, so we use algae,” he says．
Algae are tiny plants that live in water． The algae will live in bags in the walls too, fed by human waste and sunlight, eating up CO2 and making oxygen for the astronauts to breathe．
Flynn thinks his onboard recycling system has many advantages． He hopes it will help make flying to Mars a reality very soon．
26．What does the underlined phrase “packing a spaceship” in paragraph 1 most probably mean
A．repairing things in a spaceship B．recycling things in a spaceship
C．checking things in a spaceship D．putting things into a spaceship
27．What is the advantage of Flynn’s system
A．Cost is saved． B．Travelling time is saved．
C．Plastic bags are saved． D．Food is saved．
28．What is one purpose of Flynn’s idea of Water Walls
A．To prevent space rays during the space trip． B．To make the whole spaceship stronger．
C．To control the temperature in the spaceship． D．To produce water in the spaceship．
29．Why are algae put in the plastic bags
A．To prevent water from being polluted． B．To serve as food for astronauts．
C．To provide oxygen for astronauts． D．To help other plants grow in a spaceship．
参考答案
Unit 1重点词汇和句型
（2023·江苏连云港·中考真题）48．million
【解析】句意：在最初的两个月里，大约有1亿人使用了ChatGPT。“百万”million，基数词100后接其原形。故填million。
（2023·江苏苏州·中考真题）36．(t)wice
【解析】句意：虽然我只见过她一两次，但我能看出她很有个性。根据“once or”及首字母可知，此处指一两次，once or twice表示“一两次”，故填(t)wice。
（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）49．goes
【解析】句意：如果这种情况继续下去，野生动物很快就无处可住了。if引导的条件状语从句遵循主将从现，从句用一般现在时，主语是this，动词用三单形式，故填goes。
（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）52．will be
【解析】句意：未来5年，无锡将至少有6条地铁线路。根据“in five years’ time”可知，时态是一般将来时，故填will be。
（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）52．fifteen
【解析】句意：我叔叔住在离扬州十五公里远的一个镇上。fifteen“十五”，是基数词，此处表示数量，应用基数词，故填fifteen。
【答案】inviting second twelfth Thousands wishes Teachers’ video capital
Unit2重点词汇和句型
（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）2．A
【解析】句意：——看右边的男孩。他在干什么？——他在打扫卫生。
考查动词短语辨析和常识。do some cleaning打扫卫生；wash the dishes洗碗；do some shopping购物；washing the clothes洗衣服。根据图片显示可知，男孩正在打扫卫生。故选A。
（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）38．In the folk story, the amazing white snake is ________ (lucky) saved by a young man．
【答案】luckily
【解析】句意：在民间故事中，这条神奇的白蛇被一个年轻人幸运地救了下来。lucky“幸运的”，是形容词，此处修饰动词，应用副词，故填luckily。
BDACB
Unit3重点词汇和句型
（2023·江苏苏州·中考真题）38．(f)orward
【解析】句意：我们都盼望着科学家发现更多外太空秘密的那一天。根据题干和首字母可知此处是固定短语look forward to“期待”，故填(f)orward。
（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）9．D
【解析】句意：妈妈轻声地开门，因为她不想吵醒她的孩子。
考查副词辨析。angrily生气地；loudly大声地；quickly快速地；quietly轻声地。根据“because she didn’t want to wake up her baby．”可知，因为不想吵醒孩子，所以轻声开门。故选D。
ACCCBA
Unit4重点词汇和句型
（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）4．B
【解析】句意：去年在黄河上建了一座新桥。
考查介词辨析。around围绕；across横穿；against反对；along沿着。根据常识可知桥应该是横跨黄河，用across，故选B。
（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）3．D
【解析】句意：舞蹈不仅是一种艺术形式，也是一种通过身体讲述故事的语言。
考查介词辨析。towards朝向；over在……上方；past超过；through通过。根据“a language which tells stories…body”可知，此处指舞蹈是一种通过身体讲述故事的语言。故选D。
CCDAB BBDAD CCD
Unit1-4语法分析
【答案】1-5 BACAC 6-10 CBDAD 11-15 BDBAA
二、句型转换
1．Which house
2．which girl
3．does cost
4．What；like
5．How soon
6．How often
7.How long
8．Why does
9．How like
【2023年常州市金坛区中考二模英语试题】
一、单项选择(共10小题：每小题1分, 满分10分)
1．C
【解析】句意：吉姆整个下午都很安静。他一定有什么心事。
考查情态动词。can可以；need需要；must一定；should应该。根据“Jim has been so quiet the whole afternoon”可知，根据吉姆整个下午都很安静，有把握推测他一定有心事，因此用情态动词must，故选C。
2．C
【解析】句意：——对不起，妈妈！我没有通过面试。——没关系，亲爱的。但你已经获得了宝贵的经验。
考查形容词辨析。possible可能的；enjoyable令人愉快的；valuable有价值的；comfortable舒服的。根据“But you have gained．．．experience．”可知，从面试中获得了宝贵的经验。故选C。
3．B
【解析】句意：——你确定你要去云南教书吗？从云南到北京有多远？——只有四个小时的航程。别担心。距离现在不是问题了。
考查特殊疑问句。How long多长（时间），对一段时间或长度提问；How far多远，对距离提问；How soon多久，对将来的时间进行提问，回答一般用In加上时间段；How often多久一次，对频率提问。根据答语“Just a four-hour flight．”可知，是对距离提问。故选B。
4．B
【解析】句意：——多么可怜的人！你用钱帮他了吗？——是的，但他拒绝了。他的自尊心不允许他接受慈善。
名词词义辨析。product产品；pride自尊；power能量；possibility可能性。根据“didn’t allow him to accept charity”可知，这里指他的自尊心不允许他接受慈善，故选B。
5．B
【解析】句意：——这里有这么多人。太吵了。——这是真的。为什么不去一个更私密的地方呢？
考查不定副词。somewhere某处；anywhere任何地方。“Why not…”句型表示建议，句中用带有some的不定副词，又因为副词前不加介词，故选B。
6．B
【解析】句意：——马克龙最近为期三天的中国之行取得了巨大成功。——我完全同意。这有利于促进世界的和平与发展。
考查动词短语。break out爆发；turn out结果是，最终成为；put out扑灭；take out取出。根据“Macron’s recent three-day trip to China．．．to be a great success．”可知，此处指马克龙的中国之行是巨大的成功，“turn out”符合语境。故选B。
7．B
【解析】句意：——妈妈，我可以看篮球决赛放松一下吗？——当然可以。但是它已经结束了很长一段时间。
考查动词和时态。end结束，是瞬间性动词；be over结束，是延续性动词；此处与时间段for quite a while连用，用延续性动词的现在完成时，故选B。
8．C
【解析】句意：——我听说下周五我们要去天目湖旅行。——太棒了！但我想知道我们几点出发。
考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，“I wonder”后跟宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除选项B；引导词if不能直接和or not连用，排除选项D；that和how不能同时引导宾语从句，排除选项A。故选C。
9．B
解析】句意：——真遗憾！我没有买到新手机。它们已经卖光了。——这表明人们是如何受到广告的影响的。
考查动词辨析。supported支持；influenced影响；improved改善；suggested建议。根据“how people are．．．by advertisements”可知人们被广告影响去买了手机。故选B。
10．A
【解析】句意：——我希望你不介意我善意的忠告。——不会。一个真正的朋友会跟你说实话。
考查情景交际。Not at all一点也不；With pleasure很乐意；You’re welcome不客气；My pleasure我的荣幸。根据“A true friend is the one who tells you the truth about yourself”可知，说话者不介意对方提意见。故选A。
二、完形填空(共12小题；每小题1分, 满分12分)
11． B 12． A 13． C 14． C 15． B 16． B 17． B 18． C 19． A 20． C 21． A 22． C
【解析】本文主要讲述了一只没有尾巴的狐狸劝说其他狐狸剪掉自己尾巴的故事。
【11题详解】
句意：经过多次痛苦的拉扯，他成功逃脱了。
excited激动的；painful令人痛苦的；worried焦虑的；unhappy不高兴的。根据“One day, a fox was caught in a trap by the tail．”可知，是多次痛苦的拉扯，故选B。
【12题详解】
句意：经过多次痛苦的拉扯，他成功逃脱了。
getting away逃脱；getting up起床；getting back回来；getting through通过。根据“One day, a fox was caught in a trap by the tail．”和“succeeded in”可知，是成功逃脱，故选A。
【13题详解】
句意：他很清楚，他们都会取笑他，并在背后嘲笑他。
around周围；before在……之前；behind在……后面；from来自。根据“ they would all make fun of him”可知，是指在背后嘲笑他，故选C。
【14题详解】
句意：但他很难独自生活。
easy容易的；wise明智的；hard困难的；mad发疯的。根据“At last, he thought of a plan that would perhaps help him out of his trouble．”可知，这里指很难独自生活，故选C。
【15题详解】
句意：当狐狸们都聚集在一起时，没有尾巴的狐狸站了起来。
found发现；gathered聚集；went去；followed跟随。根据“He called a meeting of all the foxes．”可知，这里指狐狸们都聚集在一起，故选B。
【16题详解】
句意：你知道有多少狐狸因为尾巴而受到伤害吗？
live生活；harm伤害；respect尊敬；laugh笑。根据下文“This one had been caught by hounds when his tail had become caught in the hedge． That one had no been able to…”可知，这里指因为尾巴而受到伤害，故选B。
【17题详解】
句意：在这个问题之后，他发表了一篇关于所有那些“悲伤的狐狸”的长篇演讲。
short短的；long长的；exciting令人激动的；common普通的。根据后文“ This one had been caught by hounds…That one had no been able to run fast enough because of the weight of his tail…it was well known, he said that men hunt foxes…”可知，是发表了一篇长篇演讲，故选B。
【18题详解】
句意：此外，众所周知，他说，人们猎杀狐狸只是为了它们的尾巴。
However然而；Otherwise否则；Also而且；Recently最近。根据“ This one…That one…it was well known, he said that men hunt foxes…”可知，此处表示递进，所以用also，故选C。
【19题详解】
句意：此外，众所周知，他说，人们猎杀狐狸只是为了它们的尾巴。
simply仅仅；certainly当然地；hardly几乎不；properly适当地。根据“Men, he continued, cut off the tails as prizes of the hunt．”可知，是指猎杀狐狸只是为了它们的尾巴，故选A。
【20题详解】
句意：看看有尾巴的危险和无用的证据
advantage优势；beauty美丽；danger危险；value价值。根据“…and uselessness of having a tail”可知，这里指有尾巴的危险和无用，故选C。
【21题详解】
句意：如果你们重视自己的生命和安全，我建议你们每个人都切断它。
safety安全；tail尾巴；friends朋友；thought思想。根据“ if you valued your life”可知，这里指重视自己的生命和安全，故选A。
【22题详解】
句意：他现在知道，再试图说服狐狸放弃尾巴是没有用的。
meaningless无意义的；wrong错误的；useful有用的；hard困难的。根据“ it was not…to try any longer to persuade the foxes to give up their tails”可知，这里指劝说是没有用的，故选C。
（2023·江苏泰州·中考真题）
二、完形填空（共12小题；每小题1分，满分12分）
11． A 12． C 13． D 14． B 15． A 16． A 17． C 18． B 19． D 20． D 21． B 22． C
【解析】本文主要讲述了作者观察到鸟妈妈为了保护鸟宝宝无所畏惧，这让他意识到：父母天生的能力会让他们变得勇敢，而且我们要尊重自然。
【11题详解】
句意：它们似乎直到我就在它们面前才注意到我，然后它们立刻迅速进入灌木丛。
notice注意；welcome欢迎；follow跟随；believe相信。根据“me until I was right in front of them”可知，直到到了它们面前，它们才注意到我。故选A。
【12题详解】
句意：尽管我真的没有想到两只鸟会在我的前院筑巢，因为野生鸟类通常不会在这么近的地方筑巢，但我想到它们筑巢的事情就感到挺兴奋的。
when当；until直到；because因为；while与……同时。前后两句是因果关系，前果后因，用because引导原因状语从句。故选C。
【13题详解】
句意：几周后，这些鸟又出现了。
fought打架，打斗；flew飞；screamed尖叫；appeared出现。根据“A few weeks later, the birds．．．again”可知，鸟又出现了。故选D。
【14题详解】
句意：当我走近他们时，我想象着它们会像上次一样逃跑。
explained解释；imagined想象；confirmed确认；remembered记得。根据“that they would run away like they did last time”可知，是想象着它们会逃跑。故选B。
【15题详解】
句意：它似乎在警告我不要再靠近了。
nearer更近；faster更快；earlier更早；deeper更深。根据“But instead they stuck out their heads and made a threatening (威胁的) croaking (呱呱叫) sound． It seemed to warn me not to go any．．．”可知，它们发出了威胁性的沙哑声，不让作者再靠近。故选A。
【16题详解】
句意：我不知道它们为什么对我大喊大叫，直到不久后我有了一个惊人的发现：它们有两只鸟宝宝。
discovery发现；contribution贡献；achievement成就；agreement协定。根据“they had two small baby birds”可知，是发现有两只鸟宝宝。故选A。
【17题详解】
句意：当我悄悄地向那些鸟走去，小心不要做出任何突然的动作时，它们又开始鸣叫了。
patient有耐心的；curious好奇的；careful小心的；polite有礼貌的。根据“not to make any sudden movements”可知，是小心地不做出突然的动作。故选C。
【18题详解】
句意：它们把脖子向前伸直，看起来更长，更具威胁性。
wider更宽的；longer更长的；weaker更弱的；smaller更小的。根据“They straightened their necks forward”可知，脖子向前伸，显得脖子更长。故选B。
【19题详解】
句意：鸟妈妈小心翼翼地蹲在小鸟身上，把小鸟藏在羽毛里。
pulled拉；shook摇；touched触摸；hid藏。根据“her babies well in her feathers”可知，是把宝宝藏在羽毛里。故选D。
【20题详解】
句意：我正满怀敬意地看着它们，突然绊倒在地。
trust信任；courage勇气；confidence信心；respect尊敬。根据前文可知，鸟妈妈保护自己的小鸟，这让作者对它们充满了尊敬。故选D。
【21题详解】
句意：展开翅膀保护鸟妈妈和小鸟，同时让自己看起来更大。
shutting关闭；spreading展开；controlling控制；breaking损坏。根据“his wings to protect the mother and the chicks while making himself appear larger．”可知，是展开自己的翅膀。故选B。
【22题详解】
句意：我很抱歉让它们大吃一惊。
angry生气的；happy高兴的；sorry抱歉的；proud自豪的。根据“have surprised them and left quickly”可知惊动了小鸟，作者感到很抱歉。故选C。
【答案】23． B 24． D 25． B
【解析】本文主要介绍了为图片进行文字说明的比赛，并介绍了上个月的一些比赛情况。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Just out for a quick bite． By Chris Ramos”以及“The winner of last month’s was Chris Ramos．”可知，上个月的获胜者是Just out for a quick bite，它是最有趣的。故选B。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Laughs & Jokes $50—100 for each winner”，“Smart Animals Up to $100 for each winner”以及“My Story $250 for each winner”可知，“我的故事”奖金最高；根据“Do you have an encouraging story to tell Articles must be true”可知，一个真实的鼓舞人心的故事奖金最高。故选D。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。本文主要介绍了为图片进行文字说明的比赛，并介绍了上个月的一些比赛情况，所以文章可能出现在杂志上。故选B。
【答案】26． D 27． A 28． A 29． C
【解析】本文主要介绍了美国国家航空航天局的工程师弗林为了解决宇航员在太空中生活而存在的一些问题，提出了把生活用品作为宇宙飞船的一部分。
【26题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“The room inside the spaceship is too limited to hold many things． So packing a spaceship is a huge challenge for a trip to Mars．”可知，宇宙飞船里的空间太有限了，放不下很多东西，因此，把东西放进宇宙飞船对火星之旅来说是一个巨大的挑战。故此处划线部分packing a spaceship意为“把东西放进宇宙飞船里”。故选D。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“but the problem is that it’s too expensive”以及“But Flynn, an engineer at NASA, thinks he has a way of solving the problem．”可知，他的系统的好处是没有那么贵，即节省了费用。故选A。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据“All these make hard walls and great radiation (辐射) protection．”可知，水墙概念的目的之一就是阻止巨大的辐射。故选A。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The algae will live in bags in the walls too, fed by human waste and sunlight, eating up CO2 and making oxygen for the astronauts to breathe．”可知，藻类吸收二氧化碳，并为宇航员呼吸制造氧气。故选C。